JP2004244530A - Extrusion-formed expanded sheet, method for manufacturing the same, molding made of the same, and tray for fruits and vegetables - Google Patents

Extrusion-formed expanded sheet, method for manufacturing the same, molding made of the same, and tray for fruits and vegetables Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004244530A
JP2004244530A JP2003036599A JP2003036599A JP2004244530A JP 2004244530 A JP2004244530 A JP 2004244530A JP 2003036599 A JP2003036599 A JP 2003036599A JP 2003036599 A JP2003036599 A JP 2003036599A JP 2004244530 A JP2004244530 A JP 2004244530A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
resin
styrene
foam sheet
mass
polystyrene
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JP2003036599A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hironori Kobayashi
弘典 小林
Hideshi Asada
英志 浅田
Toshiyuki Onishi
俊行 大西
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Sekisui Kasei Co Ltd
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Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd
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  • Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Packaging Frangible Articles (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare an extrusion-foamed expanded sheet excellent in shock absorption, in moldability, and in peelability, and to provide a method for manufacturing the same, a molding made of the same, and a tray for fruits and vegetables. <P>SOLUTION: The extrusion-foamed expanded sheet is made of a resin composition (i) containing a polystyrene resin (a) and a styrene/conjugated diene copolymer or its hydrogenated copolymer (b). The copolymer (b) has an HDA hardness, measured by a durometer type A, of not more than 90. The extrusion-foamed expanded sheet has a density of 0.03-0.2 g/cm<SP>3</SP>and exhibits a partial compression displacement of not less than 0.60 mm under a 1 kgf load. The molding and the tray for fruits and vegetables are thermoformed out of the expanded sheet. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、特に緩衝材料として優れた緩衝性を持つ押出発泡シートとその製造方法、該押出発泡シートを熱成形して得られた押出発泡シート成形品及び青果用トレーに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡シート、架橋ポリエチレン樹脂発泡シート、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡シートなどの熱可塑性樹脂発泡シートを熱成形し、りんご、梨、桃、トマトなど青果物の緩衝包装用に複数の収納用凹部を有する成形品トレー、あるいはパルプモールドによるトレー成形品が使用されている。これらのトレーには、それぞれ収納する青果の種類や収納形態などによって長所、短所があるため、適宜に使い分けられている。例えば、ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡シートからなるトレーは、ある程度重量があって表面の硬い梨の収納に多く使用され、また、架橋ポリエチレン樹脂発泡シートからなるトレーは、表面が柔らかく傷付きやすい桃の収納に使用される。さらにパルプモールドによるトレーはりんごやトマトの収納に使用される。このように、青果用トレーとしては多種多様なものが必要である。
一方、このように多種多様なトレーを青果物の種類に応じて使い分ける場合、青果物の収穫時期よりも早い段階で、必要数量を見越して在庫を持たなければならないため、青果物の収穫量が予想よりも少なくなった場合や、多くなった場合、異なる素材のトレーを融通し合うことが困難であった。
さらに、ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡シートからなるトレーは、その樹脂物性から耐衝撃性が低く、割れやすいという問題がある。また、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡シートからなるトレーは、特定のポリプロピレン系樹脂を使用しなければ目的に合う発泡シートを得ることが難しく、その樹脂が高価であるために安価なトレーを提供し難い問題がある。さらに架橋ポリエチレン樹脂発泡シートからなるトレーは、架橋構造を有するためにリサイクルが困難であるという問題があり、また製造工程も複雑で、コストがかさむなどの問題がある。また、パルプモールドからなるトレーは、吸水時に強度が著しく低下する問題がある。
【0003】
そこで青果用トレーの素材を統一し、それぞれの素材の持つ問題を解決し得るトレーの開発が進められている。ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡シートはリサイクルやコストの面で優れているため、この種のトレー素材として好ましく、トレーの開発はポリスチレン系樹脂発泡シートの持つ問題を改善することに向けられており、例えば、通常のポリスチレンの耐衝撃性を改善するために、ゴム変性した耐衝撃性ポリスチレンの使用が試みられている。しかし、耐衝撃性ポリスチレンのみによる発泡体の柔軟性向上効果はそれほど大きいものではなく、耐衝撃性ポリスチレン成分が多くなると、発泡性や成形性の低下といった問題も生じるため、幅広い品種での青果用トレーとしては不十分である。
より高性能なポリスチレン系樹脂発泡シート及びその成形品を提供するため、これまでに種々の技術が提案されている。
例えば、耐衝撃性ポリスチレンにスチレン・ブタジエンブロック共重合体を混合した押出発泡用の樹脂組成物とそれを用いた押出発泡シートが提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
また、ポリスチレン系樹脂にスチレン・ブタジエンブロック共重合体を混合した押出発泡用の樹脂組成物とそれを用いた押出発泡シートが提案されている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。
さらに、耐衝撃性ポリスチレンと、ポリスチレン樹脂と、スチレン・ブタジエンブロック共重合体とを混合した押出発泡用の樹脂組成物とそれを用いた押出発泡シートが提案されている(例えば、特許文献3参照)。
また、ポリスチレン系樹脂と、エチレン−スチレン共重合体との混合樹脂の発泡シートから成形された青果用トレーが提案されている(例えば、特許文献4参照)。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平8−231748号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平8−231749号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平8−291227号公報
【特許文献4】
特開2000−226020号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特許文献2に記載された樹脂組成物の配合組成では、特に桃などの軟らかな青果を収納するトレーに使用する場合に必要となる柔軟性を得るには不十分であった。
また特許文献1及び特許文献3に記載された樹脂組成物にあっては、軟らかな青果を収納するのに必要な柔軟性を得るためには、耐衝撃性ポリスチレンの配合量をかなり高めにしなければならず、耐衝撃性ポリスチレン成分の配合量を高めると、耐候性の悪化や発泡シート内に残った発泡剤ガスの保持性が悪くなり、押出発泡シートの成形性が低下する問題がある。特に青果用トレー製造用の発泡シート原反及び青果用トレーは、長期間保管された後に使用されることもあり、耐候性や経時による成形性の悪化は影響が大きい。従って、特許文献1及び特許文献3に記載された技術は、発泡シートの柔軟性をある程度向上できるものの、耐候性や成形性が低下するなど実使用上問題が生じる場合があった。
一方、特許文献4に記載された技術は、柔軟性、緩衝性に優れ、耐候性も十分に兼ね備えた青果用トレーを得ることに成功している。しかしながら、この技術では、樹脂混合物中のエチレン−スチレン共重合体の比率を高めることでシートやトレーの柔軟性、緩衝性を改善しており、エチレン−スチレン共重合体は融着性を有するために、青果用トレー製造用の発泡シート同士、および積み重ねて保管しておいた青果用トレー同士が付着しやすく、剥離性の点で不十分であった。発泡シートの剥離性が悪いと、発泡シート製造時及びシート成形時にシート同士が付着して製造ライン停止などのトラブルを生じる可能性があり、また青果用トレーの剥離性が悪いと、青果用トレーを自動選果機にて使用する場合等でトレー供給不良等のトラブルを生じる可能性がある。
【0006】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、リサイクルが可能であり、なお且つ発泡シート及びその成形品の柔軟性が高く、さらに発泡シート及び成形品同士の融着問題を改善でき、耐候性も十分に兼ね備え、幅広い品種に対応できる柔軟性、緩衝性の高い押出発泡シートとその製造方法、押出発泡シート成形品及び青果用トレーの提供を目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)及びスチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)を含む樹脂組成物(i)の押出発泡シートであって、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)が、デュロメータタイプA硬度の値HDAが90以下であり、押出発泡シートの密度が0.03〜0.2g/cmであり、かつ押出発泡シートの1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm以上であることを特徴とする押出発泡シートを提供する。
本発明の押出発泡シートにおいて、樹脂組成物(i)は、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)50〜75質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)25〜50質量%の組成を有することが好ましい。
また、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)は、ポリスチレンホモポリマー単体であるか、あるいはポリスチレンホモポリマー50〜90質量%と耐衝撃性ポリスチレンまたはスチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体10〜50質量%とからなる樹脂であることが好ましい。
さらに、連続気泡率が20容量%以下であり、かつシート厚みが1〜10mmであることが好ましい。
また本発明は、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)及びスチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)を含む樹脂組成物(i)と、発泡剤(ii)とを混合した原料樹脂を押出発泡して発泡シートを製造する方法であって、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)が、デュロメータタイプA硬度の値HDAが90以下であり、押出発泡シートの密度が0.03〜0.2g/cmであり、かつ押出発泡シートの1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm以上であることを特徴とする押出発泡シートの製造方法を提供する。
本発明の方法において、樹脂組成物(i)は、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)50〜75質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)25〜50質量%の組成を有することが好ましい。
また、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)は、ポリスチレンホモポリマー単体であるか、あるいはポリスチレンホモポリマー50〜90質量%と耐衝撃性ポリスチレンまたはスチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体10〜50質量%とからなる樹脂であることが好ましい。
さらに、連続気泡率が20容量%以下であり、かつシート厚みが1〜10mmであることが好ましい。
さらに本発明は、上記押出発泡シートを熱成形して得られた押出発泡シート成形品を提供する。
また本発明は、上記押出発泡シートを熱成形して得られ、少なくとも2箇所の収納用凹部を有することを特徴とする青果用トレーを提供する。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の押出発泡シート(以下、発泡シートと記す)は、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)と、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)とを含む樹脂組成物(i)を押出発泡することにより得られ、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)が、デュロメータタイプA硬度の値HDAが90以下であり、押出発泡シートの密度が0.03〜0.2g/cmであり、かつ押出発泡シートの1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm以上であることを特徴とする。
【0009】
本発明の発泡シートに用いられるポリスチレン系樹脂(a)は、ポリスチレン樹脂またはポリスチレン樹脂を主成分とするポリスチレン系樹脂混合物が用いられ、特にポリスチレンホモポリマー単体であるか、あるいはポリスチレンホモポリマー50〜90質量%と耐衝撃性ポリスチレンまたはスチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体10〜50質量%とからなる樹脂であることが好ましい。ポリスチレンホモポリマーに耐衝撃性ポリスチレンを加えると、柔軟性向上に効果があるが、耐衝撃性ポリスチレンの配合量が高くなると、発泡剤ガスの保持性が低下して成形性が悪くなったり、樹脂中に含まれるゴム成分のために耐候性が低下し、成形品を長期保管しておいた場合などに、柔軟性の低下、成形品の割れ欠けなどの問題が発生しやすくなる。このため、耐衝撃性ポリスチレンの配合量はポリスチレン系樹脂(a)全体の50質量%以下とするのが好ましく、40質量%以下とするのがより好ましく、30質量%以下とするのがさらに好ましい。
【0010】
スチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体としては、スチレンモノマーとアクリル酸エステルとの共重合体が挙げられ、このアクリル酸エステルとしては、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸ブチルなどのアクリル酸と炭素数が1〜10のアルコールとのエステルが好ましい。このような共重合体は、スチレン−アクリル酸ブチルが柔軟性向上効果の上で好ましい。本発明で使用するスチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体中の、アクリル酸エステル含有量は1〜40質量%、好ましくは1〜30質量%である。スチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体は、アクリル酸エステルの含有量に応じて、樹脂の耐熱性が低下するため、原料としてスチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体を多量に配合すると、発泡シートの耐熱性が低下しすぎる場合があり、その場合、発泡シート同士の融着性の問題や、成形品の熱変形等の問題が生じやすくなる。そのため、総じてスチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体を配合する場合、その配合量は、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)全体の50質量%以下とするのが好ましく、40質量%以下とするのがより好ましく、30質量%以下とするのがさらに好ましい。
【0011】
本発明で使用する、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)は、デュロメータタイプA硬度の値HDAが90以下である。共重合体の種類としては、ブロック共重合体でもランダム共重合体でもよい。共役ジエンとしては、例えばブタジエン、イソプレン、2−エチルブタジエンなどの炭素数4〜10の共役ジエンが挙げられる。好ましいスチレン−共役ジエン共重合体またはその水素添加共重合体としては、スチレン−イソプレンブロック共重合体またはその水素添加物、スチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体またはその水素添加物である。これら共重合体の完全飽和型構造は、例えばスチレン−エチレン・ブチレン共重合体、スチレン−エチレン・ブチレン−スチレンブロック共重合体、スチレン−エチレン・プロピレン共重合体、スチレン−エチレン・プロピレン−スチレンブロック共重合体などである。また、発泡シート及びその成形品の耐候性の悪化を防ぐためには、上記共重合体のうちでも特に水素添加され、分子鎖内にある二重結合の数がより少ない共重合体が好ましい。本発明の発泡シートにあっては、上記スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物の1種単独でも、2種以上を混合しても良い。
【0012】
さらに本発明においては、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)はデュロメータタイプA硬度の値HDAが90以下、好ましくは20〜80、より好ましくは20〜70の範囲のものを使用する。HDAの値が90より高いものは、柔軟性向上効果が小さく、発泡シートの柔軟性を満足させるためには多量に配合しなければならず、発泡性や融着性の問題が生じたり、コストが上昇するので好ましくない。HDAが20未満のものは、樹脂粘度が下がりすぎて発泡性が低下したり、発泡体の耐熱性が低下する可能性がある。
【0013】
本発明の発泡シートは、上記ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)と、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)とを含む樹脂組成物(i)と、発泡剤(ii)とを混合した原料樹脂を押出発泡して得られ、上記樹脂組成物(i)は、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)50〜75質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)25〜50質量%の組成を有することが好ましい。
【0014】
この樹脂組成物(i)中のスチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)の配合量は、25〜50質量%の範囲であり、30〜40質量%の範囲が好ましい。スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)の配合量が25質量%より少ないと、この(b)の添加による発泡シートの柔軟性向上効果が小さくなり好ましくない。一方、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)の配合量が50質量%を超えると、樹脂粘度の低下による連続気泡率の上昇や、成形性の悪化、発泡シートの耐熱性低下などの問題が生じるため、好ましくない。
【0015】
本発明の発泡シートは、上記の樹脂組成物を押出発泡によって、密度0.03〜0.2g/cmの押出発泡シートとし、その発泡シートの1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量は0.60mm以上である。
発泡シートの密度は、より低密度にすることによって、発泡シートの柔軟性を向上させることはできる。しかしながら、ポリスチレン系樹脂とスチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物のそれぞれについて熱成形特性が異なるため、発泡シートが低密度になると熱成形時の成形性が悪くなることから、発泡シートの密度は0.03〜0.2g/cmの範囲とすることが好ましい。また、発泡シートの密度は、成形性と柔軟性、そして成形品の強度の点で、0.04〜0.1g/cmの範囲とすることがより好ましい。
【0016】
発泡シートの1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量は、発泡シートを指で摘まんだ時の感触を良く表わしており、1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm以上、好ましくは0.65〜3.00mm、特に好ましくは0.70〜2.00mmであるような発泡シートを熱成形して青果物トレーとすることで、感触にも優れ、特に柔軟性を要求される桃等の青果物に対する優れた緩衝性を有するトレーを製造することができる。この部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm未満の柔軟性に乏しい発泡シートを成形した青果トレーでは、輸送中に青果表面に傷が付きやすくなり、特に桃などの傷付きやすい青果用のトレーとして好ましくない。また、部分圧縮変位量が3.00mmを越える非常に柔軟性のあるシートの場合、成形した成果トレーに剛性が無く、自動選果機を使用する場合に上手くトレーを運べないなどの不具合が発生する場合がある。本発明の発泡シートは、1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm以上であるので、この発泡シートを熱成形して得られる青果用トレーは、上記の桃をはじめとして、ビワ、イチゴ、洋梨、トマトなど幅広い品種の青果物に適用させることができる。
【0017】
本発明の発泡シートの製造方法は、押出機内で上記樹脂組成物(i)と発泡剤(ii)とを溶融混練し、押出機の先端に取付けた金型から大気中へ押出すことにより発泡シートを得る。本発明の製造方法では、押出機先端にTダイを取り付け、そこから押出発泡した発泡シートを冷却ロールで成形する発泡シートの製造方法と、サーキュラー金型を取り付け、円環状の発泡体をマンドレルで成形した後、切開してシート状とする押出発泡シートの製造方法のどちらも適用することができるが、サーキュラー金型を取付けて行う押出発泡シートの製造方法は広幅の発泡シートを作りやすく、また発泡シートの厚みを制御しやすいため、より好適である。また、得られた発泡シートをロール状に巻き取る場合は、巻き締まり防止のため、できるだけテンションをかけずに巻き取ることが望ましい。
【0018】
本発明の製造方法で使用する発泡剤(ii)としては、公知の化学発泡剤、物理発泡剤のいずれも使用できる。化学発泡剤としては、例えばアゾジカルボンアミドなどの分解型のもの、重曹−クエン酸などの分解型のものが挙げられる。物理発泡剤としては、例えば、プロパン、ブタン、ペンタンなどの炭化水素、窒素、二酸化炭素などの不活性ガス、ジメチルエーテル、ジエチルエーテルなどのエーテル、テトラフルオロエタン、クロオジフルオロエタン、ジフルオロエタンなどのハロゲン化炭化水素などが挙げられる。
【0019】
本発明の製造方法では、樹脂組成物(i)に気泡調整剤、着色剤、収縮防止剤、難燃剤、滑剤、劣化防止剤など公知の添加剤を適宜加えることができる。気泡調整剤としては、タルク、雲母、マイカ、モンモリロナイトなどの無機フィラー、フッ素樹脂などの有機微粒子、またはアゾジカルボンアミドなどの分解型化学発泡剤、重曹−クエン酸などの反応型化学発泡剤、窒素や二酸化炭素などの不活性ガスなどが使用できる。収縮防止剤としては、ステアリン酸モノグリセライドなどの脂肪酸と多価アルコールとのエステル化合物などが、本発明におけるポリエチレン系樹脂成分や、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物成分に対する発泡剤ガス逸散速度抑制効果が期待できるので好ましい。
【0020】
本発明の製造方法によって得られる発泡シートの連続気泡率は、20容量%以下とするのが好ましく、15容量%以下とするのがより好ましい。20容量%を超えたものは、発泡シートの熱成形時における二次発泡性が悪くなり、成形性に劣るため好ましくない。
また得られる発泡シートの厚みは、1〜10mmの範囲が好ましく、1.5〜5mmの範囲がより好ましく、1.5〜3mmの範囲がさらに好ましい。発泡シートの厚みが1mm未満の場合は、成形性が悪く好ましくない。10mmを超えるものは、成形性が悪くなるので好ましくない。
【0021】
本発明の方法で得られる発泡シートは、その片面もしくは両面に公知の技術により熱可塑性樹脂フィルム、あるいは熱可塑性樹脂繊維からなる不織布を積層させることができる。熱可塑性フィルムとしては、例えば、ポリエチレン系樹脂フィルム、ポリプロピレン系樹脂フィルムなどのオレフィン系樹脂フィルム、不織布としては、例えば、PET樹脂などのエステル系樹脂繊維不織布や、ポリプロピレン樹脂などのオレフィン系樹脂繊維不織布などが挙げられる。好ましくはこれらフィルムや不織布は、本発明で得られる発泡シート及び成形品の片面に積層するのが望ましい。特に成形品の外側に積層するのが、本発明における柔軟性の確保と、成形品の強度向上の点で好ましい。
【0022】
本発明で得られる発泡シートは、公知の技術でそれ同士、もしくは他の発泡シートと積層することができる。特に他の発泡シートに積層する場合、本発明で得られる発泡シートを成形品の内側(被包装物接触面)に来るように積層するのが、内容物への緩衝性の面で好ましい。また、本発明で得られる発泡シート同士を積層させ厚みを増やすこともできる。この場合、発泡シートを作製後、複数のシートを重ねて熱融着させてもよいし、円環状に押出発泡させたシートを上下から潰して熱融着させてもよい。
【0023】
本発明の方法で得られる発泡シートの気泡径は、0.05〜1.0mmの範囲が好ましい。気泡径が0.05mm未満の場合、発泡シートの連続気泡率が上昇しやすく、また成形性も悪くなるため、好ましくない。気泡径が1.0mmを超える場合、発泡シートの柔軟性が悪くなるために好ましくない。
【0024】
本発明の方法で得られる発泡シート及び成形品は、シート同士及び成形品同士の剥離性が良く、発泡シート成形時での原反ロールから発泡シートを引き取る際や、成形品を複数枚重ねて保管した後でも、1枚ずつ取り外しやすいため、作業性が良い。
【0025】
本発明の方法で得られる発泡シートは、公知の成形方法により熱成形し、トレーなどの成形品とすることができる。特に本発明による発泡シートは、その柔軟性により緩衝特性が良いため、複数の収納用凹部を有する青果用トレーなどに好適に利用できる。
【0026】
図1及び図2は、本発明に係る青果用トレーの一例を示す図であり、図1は青果用トレーAの平面図、図2は図1中のI−I線断面図である。この青果用トレーAは、発泡シートを熱成形し、青果を収納するための複数の収納用凹部1を形成すると共に、所定の寸法に切断して形成されている。この青果用トレーAの複数の収納用凹部1…には、りんご、梨、桃、トマトなど青果物を収納可能になっている。
【0027】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により限定されるものではない。
【0028】
[実施例1]
ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)として東洋スチレン社製GPPS HRM26を70質量%と、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)として旭化成社製スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体の水素添加物 タフテック H1041(HDA 64)を30質量%配合した樹脂原料100質量部に対して、気泡核剤としてタルクを0.6質量部添加した樹脂組成物材料をφ50mm〜φ65mmの2段シングル押出機のNo.1押出機へホッパーから供給し210℃において溶融混練させた。No.1押出機の中間部より発泡剤(ii)としてブタンガスを、樹脂組成物(i)100質量部に対し4.5質量部の割合で圧入し、押出機内で樹脂組成物(i)と混練させた。その後No.2押出機へ移送させた後、No.2押出機内において均一に冷却させた。次いで、No.2押出機先端に取付けたスリット径φ60mm、スリット間隔0.45mmのサーキュラーダイから押出発泡させ、得られた円環状の発泡体を冷却されているφ170mmのマンドレル上にそわせ冷却成形し、マンドレル上の1点でカッターにより切開して、発泡シートを得た。この時の金型内での樹脂温度は152℃で、押出吐出量は22kg/hrであった。次にこの発泡シートを加熱炉で加熱した後、雄型と雌型の間に挟みプレスすることによって、図1,2に示す形状の青果用トレーに熱成形した。
【0029】
[実施例2]
まず、容量100リットルのオートクレーブに、スチレンモノマー40.74kgとアクリル酸ブチル1.26kg、イオン交換水35リットルを投入し、そこへ分散剤と重合開始剤を加えて、90℃で6時間撹拌しながら、モノマーを重合させて、アクリル酸ブチルを3質量%含有するスチレン−アクリル酸ブチル共重合体を作製した。この共重合体のゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)測定による重量平均分子量は30万、分散度は3.05であった。またこの共重合体のTgをDSCで測定したところ、94.1℃であった。ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)として、このスチレン−アクリル酸ブチル共重合体30質量%と、東洋スチレン社製GPPS HRM26を40質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)として旭化成社製スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体の水素添加物 タフテック H1041を30質量%配合した樹脂原料100質量部に対して、気泡核剤としてタルクを0.6質量部添加した樹脂組成物材料を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡シートを得た。この時の金型内での樹脂温度は150℃で、押出吐出量は22kg/hrであった。次にこの発泡シートを加熱炉で加熱した後、雄型と雌型の間に挟みプレスすることによって、図1,2に示す形状の青果用トレーに熱成形した。
【0030】
[実施例3]
ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)として東洋スチレン社製GPPS HRM26を80質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)としてクラレ社製 水添スチレン−イソプレンブロック共重合物 セプトン2063(HDA 27)を20質量%配合した樹脂原料100質量部に対して、気泡核剤としてタルクを0.6質量部添加した樹脂組成物材料を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡シートを得た。この時の金型内での樹脂温度は146℃で、押出吐出量は21kg/hrであった。次にこの発泡シートを加熱炉で加熱した後、雄型と雌型の間に挟みプレスすることによって、図1,2に示す形状の青果用トレーに熱成形した。
【0031】
[実施例4]
ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)として東洋スチレン社製GPPS HRM26を70質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)として、平成15年1月31日現在インターネットホームページURL:http://www.akelastomer.com/jpn/eel/pub/new/n_200206_1.htmlに記載の旭化成社製スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体の水素添加物SOE−SSシリーズL601(HDA 67)を30質量%配合した樹脂原料100質量部に対して、気泡核剤としてタルクを0.6質量部添加した樹脂組成物材料を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡シートを得た。この時の金型内での樹脂温度は148℃で、押出吐出量は20kg/hrであった。次にこの発泡シートを加熱炉で加熱した後、雄型と雌型の間に挟みプレスすることによって、図1,2に示す形状の青果用トレーに熱成形した。
【0032】
[実施例5]
ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)として東洋スチレン社製GPPS HRM26を50質量%と、東洋スチレン社製ハイインパクトポリスチレン樹脂HIE4を20質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)として旭化成社製スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体の水素添加物 SOE−SSシリーズL601を30質量%配合した樹脂原料100質量部に対して、気泡核剤としてタルクを0.6質量部添加した樹脂組成物材料を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡シートを得た。この時の金型内での樹脂温度は147℃で、押出吐出量は21kg/hrであった。次にこの発泡シートを加熱炉で加熱した後、雄型と雌型の間に挟みプレスすることによって、図1,2に示す形状の青果用トレーに熱成形した。
【0033】
[比較例1]
ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)として東洋スチレン社製GPPS HRM26を65質量%、エチレン−スチレン共重合体であるダウ社製INDEX樹脂 DS201−02B(HDA 86)を35質量%配合した樹脂原料100質量部に対して、気泡核剤としてタルクを0.64質量部添加した配合原料樹脂をφ50mm−φ65mmの2段シングル押出機のNo.1押出機へホッパーから供給し210℃において溶融混練させた。No.1押出機の中間部より発泡剤(ii)としてブタンガスを、樹脂組成物(i)100重量部に対し4.5質量部の割合で圧入し、押出機内で樹脂組成物(i)と混練させた。その後No.2押出機へ移送させた後、No.2押出機内において均一に冷却させた。次いで、No.2押出機先端に取付けたスリット径φ60mm、スリット間隔0.45mmのサーキュラーダイから押出発泡させ、得られた円環状の発泡体を冷却されているφ170mmのマンドレル上にそわせ冷却成形し、マンドレル上の1点でカッターにより切開して、発泡シートを得た。この時の金型内での樹脂温度は152℃で、押出吐出量は23kg/hrであった。次にこの発泡シートを加熱炉で加熱した後、雄型と雌型の間に挟みプレスすることによって、図1,2に示す形状の青果用トレーに熱成形した。
【0034】
[比較例2]
ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)として東洋スチレン社製GPPS HRM26を75質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)としてクラレ社製 水添スチレン−イソプレンブロック共重合物 セプトン2104(HDA 97)を25質量%配合した樹脂原料100質量部に対して、気泡核剤としてタルクを0.6質量部添加した樹脂組成物材料を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡シートを得た。この時の金型内での樹脂温度は152℃で、押出吐出量は20kg/hrであった。次にこの発泡シートを加熱炉で加熱した後、雄型と雌型の間に挟みプレスすることによって、図1,2に示す形状の青果用トレーに熱成形した。
【0035】
[比較例3]
ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)として東洋スチレン社製GPPS HRM26を100質量%とし、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)のみの樹脂原料100質量部に対して、気泡核剤としてタルクを0.6質量部添加した樹脂組成物材料を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡シートを得た。この時の金型内での樹脂温度は156℃で、押出吐出量は20kg/hrであった。次にこの発泡シートを加熱炉で加熱した後、雄型と雌型の間に挟みプレスすることによって、図1,2に示す形状の青果用トレーに熱成形した。
【0036】
[比較例4]
ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)として東洋スチレン社製GPPS HRM26を10質量%と、東洋スチレン社製ハイインパクトポリスチレン樹脂HIE4を70質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)として旭化成社製スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体の水素添加物 SOE−SSシリーズL601を20質量%配合した樹脂原料100質量部に対して、気泡核剤としてタルクを0.6質量部添加した樹脂組成物材料を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡シートを得た。この時の金型内での樹脂温度は146℃で、押出吐出量は20kg/hrであった。次にこの発泡シートを加熱炉で加熱した後、雄型と雌型の間に挟みプレスすることによって、図1,2に示す形状の青果用トレーに熱成形した。
【0037】
[比較例5]
ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)として東洋スチレン社製GPPS HRM26を40質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)としてクラレ社製 水添スチレン−イソプレンブロック共重合物 セプトン2063を60質量%配合した樹脂原料100質量部に対して、気泡核剤としてタルクを0.6質量部添加した配合原料樹脂を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして発泡シートを得ようとしたが、樹脂粘度が低下しすぎて、良好な発泡シートが得られなかった。
【0038】
<測定の方法>
上述した通り製造した実施例1〜5及び比較例1〜4(比較例5は発泡シート作製困難なため測定せず。)の各発泡シート及び成形品(青果用トレー)について、発泡シート密度、連続気泡率、気泡径、シート厚み、1kgf部分圧縮変位量、破断点伸び低下率、耐候性、発泡シート表面状態、発泡シート剥離性及び成形性について、下記測定方法に従って測定し、総合評価して比較した。デュロメータタイプA硬度(HDA)の測定方法を含め、上記各試験項目の測定方法を以下に記す。
【0039】
[デュロメータタイプA硬度(HDA)]
高分子計器株式会社製デュロメータASKER A型と10Nの荷重がかけられる定圧荷重器を用いて、JIS K 7215に準拠し測定した。その際測定サンプルは、30mm×50mm×4mmのピースを12枚作製し、これを2枚重ねることで厚み8mmの測定サンプルとして6回測定した平均をその樹脂のデュロメータタイプA硬度の値(HDA)とした。
【0040】
[発泡シート密度]
各発泡シートサンプルの体積V(cm)をノギスで測定し、そのサンプルの重量W(g)から下記式を用いて求めた。
発泡シート密度(単位:g/cm)=W/V
【0041】
[連続気泡率]
東京サイエンス(株)社製 空気比較式比重計を用いて測定した、発泡シートサンプルの体積Vと、ノギスで測定した同じサンプルの体積V0から下記式より求めた。
連続気泡率(単位:容量%)=(V0−V)/V0×100
【0042】
[気泡径]
ASTM D−2842−69に準拠して測定した。発泡シートのMD、TD、VD方向の各平均気泡径を測定した後、その各方向の平均気泡径の平均をもって、その発泡シートの気泡径とした(単位:mm)。
【0043】
[シート厚み]
発泡シートの厚みをシート幅方向に5点厚みゲージで測定し、その平均値をその発泡シートの厚み(単位:mm)とした。
【0044】
[1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量]
オリエンテック社製 テンシロンUCT−10を使用し、以下のようにして測定した。
まず、試料発泡シートを10cm×10cmに切り抜き、測定試料サンプルとする。部分圧縮変位量測定には最大荷重25kgfのロードセルを用い、ロードセルに先端がR=10mmの半球形状をしたφ20mm、長さ25mmの直棒形状の押し治具を装着して圧縮試験を行う。試料サンプルは積層せずに、1枚だけを測定装置荷台に隙間ができないように、サンプルシートを測定装置荷台に密着させてセットし、試料サンプルの厚み方向上端部に押し治具下端部が接触した状態を基点とし、押し治具を速度20mm/minにて降下させ、試料サンプルを圧縮する。その際、試料サンプルへの荷重が1kgf時の治具の基点からの変位(mm)を試料発泡シートの1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量とし、サンプル数5の測定値平均をそのサンプルの1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量(単位:mm)とした。
【0045】
[破断点伸び低下率、及び耐候性]
まず、発泡シートの流れ方向にダンベル状1号形(JIS K6251)試験片を10枚打ち抜き、促進暴露試験用サンプルとする。このうち、5枚を暴露0時間での引張り試験に使用し、残りの5枚を25時間の促進暴露試験後の引張り試験に使用する。暴露0時間の引張り破断点伸びA(mm)と、暴露25時間後の引張り破断点伸びB(mm)を求め、次式より引っ張り破断点伸び低下率(%)を求めた。そしてその値がポリスチレン樹脂100%の発泡シートである、比較例3の値を基準として、40%未満のものを○、40%以上低下するものを×とした。
引張り試験は、(株)オリエンテック社製 テンシロンUCT−10を使用し、チャック間隔70mm、試験速度50mm/minにて行い、試験回数5回の平均値としてサンプルの引張り破断点伸び求めた。促進暴露試験はJIS A1415に準拠して行い、スガ試験機(株)製 サンシャイン スーパーロングライフ ウェザーメーター WEL−SUN−HC・B型を用いて、照射条件をブラックパネル温度63℃、スプレー噴霧タイプ18分/120分、試験槽温度43℃、湿度30%に設定して行った。
引張り破断点伸び低下率(単位:%)=(A−B)/A×100
【0046】
[発泡シート表面状態]
実施例、比較例で得られた発泡シートの表面状態を観察し、表面にシャークスキンの様なささくれが現れていたり、熱やけのような表面光沢が現れているものは×、ささくれや熱やけが認められなかったものは○とした。
【0047】
[発泡シート剥離性]
まず、試料発泡シートを10cm×10cmに切り抜き5枚程度重ね、さらに厚さ1mm程度の同じ大きさのアルミ板で挟んだ状態で、70℃に設定したオーブン中に水平に静置させる。その上から5kgの分銅をのせ、その状態で24時間加熱させる。その後オーブンより取り出し、発泡シート同士の剥離性を調べた。重ねあわせた発泡シートを1枚ずつ剥がしていき、その際の剥がれ具合で◎、○、×の3段階で評価した。◎:ほとんど音がせず力もかからない ○:パリパリ程度の音がするが、力はそれほどかからない ×:バリバリ音がし、力をかけなければ剥がれない
【0048】
[成形性]
単発熱成形機において、加熱炉内温度130℃に設定して、開口部100mm、深さ40mmのホールを16個持つ金型を用いて、得られた発泡シートを成形し、成形品表面の状態や成形品厚みを観察した。表面が熱やけ状態になったり、裂けが発生したり、成形品の厚みが充分出ないものしか得られないものは×、これらの不具合が認められなかったものを○とした。
【0049】
[総合評価]
1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm以上であり、その他全ての評価項目で○または◎の評価のものは総合評価を○とした。1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm未満のものは総合評価を×とした。1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm以上であるが、その他の評価項目で×が2つ以上あるものは総合評価を×とした。1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm以上であるが、その他の評価項目で×が1つあるものは総合評価を△とした。
【0050】
実施例1〜5及び比較例1〜5の結果を表1にまとめて示す。
【0051】
【表1】

Figure 2004244530
【0052】
表1の結果から、本発明に係る実施例1〜5の発泡シート及び成形品(青果用トレー)は、1kgf部分圧縮変位量が0.6mm以上となり、良好な柔軟性を有し、また発泡性、耐候性、成形性、表面性、剥離性に優れていることが確認された。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、リサイクルが可能であり、なお且つ発泡シート及びその成形品の柔軟性が高く、さらに発泡シート及び成形品同士の剥離性を改善でき、耐候性も十分に兼ね備え、幅広い品種に対応できる柔軟性、緩衝性の高い押出発泡シート、押出発泡シート成形品及び青果用トレーを提供できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る青果用トレーの一例を示す平面図である。
【図2】図1中のI−I線断面図である。
【符号の説明】
A 青果用トレー
1 収納用凹部[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an extruded foam sheet having excellent cushioning properties as a buffer material, a method for producing the same, a molded article of an extruded foam sheet obtained by thermoforming the extruded foam sheet, and a tray for fruits and vegetables.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, thermoplastic resin foam sheets, such as polystyrene resin foam sheets, cross-linked polyethylene resin foam sheets, and polypropylene resin foam sheets, are thermoformed, and a plurality of storage recesses for buffer packaging of fruits and vegetables such as apples, pears, peaches, and tomatoes. Or a pulp mold-formed tray. These trays have advantages and disadvantages depending on the type of fruits and vegetables to be stored and the storage form, and are properly used. For example, a tray made of a polystyrene resin foam sheet is often used for storing pears with a certain weight and a hard surface, and a tray made of a crosslinked polyethylene resin foam sheet is used for storing a peach whose surface is soft and easily scratched. used. In addition, pulp mold trays are used to store apples and tomatoes. Thus, a wide variety of fruit and vegetable trays are required.
On the other hand, when using a variety of different trays according to the type of fruits and vegetables in this way, it is necessary to have inventory in anticipation of the required quantity at an earlier stage than the harvest time of the fruits and vegetables, so that the harvest amount of the fruits and vegetables is less than expected. When the number of trays is reduced or increased, it is difficult to accommodate trays of different materials.
Furthermore, a tray made of a polystyrene-based resin foam sheet has a problem that it has low impact resistance due to its resin properties and is easily broken. In addition, a tray made of a polypropylene-based resin foam sheet has a problem that it is difficult to obtain a foam sheet suitable for the purpose unless a specific polypropylene-based resin is used, and it is difficult to provide an inexpensive tray because the resin is expensive. is there. Further, the tray made of a crosslinked polyethylene resin foam sheet has a problem that it is difficult to recycle because of having a crosslinked structure, and also has a problem that a manufacturing process is complicated and costs are increased. Further, the tray made of pulp mold has a problem that the strength is significantly reduced when absorbing water.
[0003]
Accordingly, tray materials for fruits and vegetables are unified, and trays capable of solving the problems of each material are being developed. Polystyrene resin foam sheets are excellent in terms of recycling and cost, so they are preferred as this type of tray material.Tray development is aimed at improving the problems with polystyrene resin foam sheets. In order to improve the impact resistance of polystyrene, the use of rubber-modified impact-resistant polystyrene has been attempted. However, the effect of improving the flexibility of foams using only impact-resistant polystyrene is not so large.If the impact-resistant polystyrene component increases, problems such as deterioration in foaming properties and moldability also occur. Insufficient as a tray.
Various techniques have been proposed so far to provide a polystyrene-based resin foam sheet with higher performance and a molded product thereof.
For example, a resin composition for extrusion foaming in which a styrene-butadiene block copolymer is mixed with impact-resistant polystyrene and an extruded foam sheet using the same have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Also, a resin composition for extrusion foaming in which a styrene-butadiene block copolymer is mixed with a polystyrene resin and an extruded foam sheet using the same have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 2).
Furthermore, a resin composition for extrusion foaming in which impact-resistant polystyrene, a polystyrene resin, and a styrene-butadiene block copolymer are mixed, and an extruded foam sheet using the same have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 3). ).
Further, a fruit and vegetable tray formed from a foamed sheet of a mixed resin of a polystyrene resin and an ethylene-styrene copolymer has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 4).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-231748 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H8-231749 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-8-291227 [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-226020
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the composition of the resin composition described in Patent Literature 2 was insufficient to obtain the flexibility required particularly when used in a tray for storing soft fruits and vegetables such as peach.
In addition, in the resin compositions described in Patent Literatures 1 and 3, in order to obtain the flexibility necessary for accommodating soft fruits and vegetables, the amount of the impact-resistant polystyrene must be considerably increased. When the amount of the impact-resistant polystyrene component is increased, there is a problem that the weather resistance is deteriorated, the retention of the blowing agent gas remaining in the foamed sheet is deteriorated, and the moldability of the extruded foamed sheet is deteriorated. In particular, the raw foam sheet and the fruit and vegetable tray for producing a fruit and vegetable tray are sometimes used after being stored for a long period of time, and the deterioration of weatherability and moldability due to aging has a great effect. Therefore, the techniques described in Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 3 can improve the flexibility of the foamed sheet to some extent, but may cause problems in practical use such as deterioration of weather resistance and moldability.
On the other hand, the technology described in Patent Literature 4 has succeeded in obtaining a tray for fruits and vegetables having excellent flexibility and cushioning properties, and also having sufficient weather resistance. However, in this technique, the flexibility of sheets and trays and the buffering property are improved by increasing the ratio of the ethylene-styrene copolymer in the resin mixture, and the ethylene-styrene copolymer has a fusibility. In addition, the foamed sheets for producing the fruit and vegetable trays and the fruit and vegetable trays that have been stacked and stored easily adhere to each other, and the peelability is insufficient. If the peelability of the foamed sheet is poor, the sheets may adhere to each other during the production of the foamed sheet and the sheet forming, causing troubles such as stoppage of the production line. May be used in an automatic fruit sorting machine, etc., to cause troubles such as tray supply failure.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, is recyclable, has high flexibility of a foamed sheet and its molded product, can further improve the problem of fusion between the foamed sheet and the molded product, and has weather resistance. It is an object of the present invention to provide an extruded foam sheet having a high flexibility and a high cushioning property and a manufacturing method thereof, an extruded foam sheet molded article, and a tray for fruits and vegetables, which have a sufficient flexibility and a wide variety of products.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an extruded foam sheet of a resin composition (i) containing a polystyrene resin (a) and a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b). A copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) has a durometer type A hardness value HDA of 90 or less and an extruded foamed sheet having a density of 0.03 to 0.2 g / cm 3 . An extruded foamed sheet characterized in that the extruded foamed sheet has a partial compression displacement of 0.60 mm or more at a load of 1 kgf.
In the extruded foam sheet of the present invention, the resin composition (i) is a polystyrene resin (a) 50 to 75% by mass, a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) 25 to 50% by mass. It is preferable to have the following composition.
The polystyrene-based resin (a) is a simple polystyrene homopolymer or a resin composed of 50 to 90% by mass of a polystyrene homopolymer and 10 to 50% by mass of an impact-resistant polystyrene or styrene-acrylate copolymer. It is preferable that
Further, it is preferable that the open cell ratio is 20% by volume or less and the sheet thickness is 1 to 10 mm.
Further, the present invention provides a raw material resin obtained by mixing a resin composition (i) containing a polystyrene resin (a) and a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) with a foaming agent (ii). Extruded foam to produce a foamed sheet, wherein the copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) has a durometer type A hardness value HDA of 90 or less; Wherein the density of the extruded foamed sheet is 0.03 to 0.2 g / cm 3 and the amount of partial compression displacement of the extruded foamed sheet under a 1 kgf load is 0.60 mm or more. .
In the method of the present invention, the resin composition (i) has a composition of 50 to 75% by mass of a polystyrene resin (a) and a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) 25 to 50% by mass. It is preferable to have
The polystyrene-based resin (a) is a simple polystyrene homopolymer or a resin composed of 50 to 90% by mass of a polystyrene homopolymer and 10 to 50% by mass of an impact-resistant polystyrene or styrene-acrylate copolymer. It is preferable that
Further, it is preferable that the open cell ratio is 20% by volume or less and the sheet thickness is 1 to 10 mm.
Further, the present invention provides an extruded foam sheet molded product obtained by thermoforming the above-mentioned extruded foam sheet.
The present invention also provides a fruit and vegetable tray obtained by thermoforming the above-mentioned extruded foam sheet and having at least two storage recesses.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The extruded foam sheet (hereinafter referred to as a foam sheet) of the present invention is a resin composition (i) containing a polystyrene resin (a) and a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b). Of a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) having a durometer type A hardness value HDA of 90 or less and a density of the extruded foamed sheet of 0.03 or less. 0.20.2 g / cm 3 , and the partial compression displacement of the extruded foam sheet under a load of 1 kgf is 0.60 mm or more.
[0009]
As the polystyrene resin (a) used for the foam sheet of the present invention, a polystyrene resin or a polystyrene resin mixture containing a polystyrene resin as a main component is used. In particular, a polystyrene homopolymer alone or a polystyrene homopolymer of 50 to 90 is used. It is preferably a resin comprising 10% by mass and 10 to 50% by mass of impact-resistant polystyrene or styrene-acrylate copolymer. The addition of high-impact polystyrene to polystyrene homopolymer is effective in improving flexibility, but when the amount of high-impact polystyrene is increased, the retention of the foaming agent gas decreases and the moldability deteriorates. Due to the rubber component contained therein, the weather resistance is reduced, and problems such as a decrease in flexibility and cracking of the molded product are liable to occur when the molded product is stored for a long time. Therefore, the amount of the impact-resistant polystyrene is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less, even more preferably 30% by mass or less of the whole polystyrene resin (a). .
[0010]
Examples of the styrene-acrylate copolymer include a copolymer of a styrene monomer and an acrylate, and the acrylate has an acrylic acid such as ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate and has 1 to 1 carbon atoms. Esters with 10 alcohols are preferred. As such a copolymer, styrene-butyl acrylate is preferred from the viewpoint of the effect of improving flexibility. The acrylate content in the styrene-acrylate copolymer used in the present invention is 1 to 40% by mass, preferably 1 to 30% by mass. The styrene-acrylate copolymer has a reduced heat resistance of the resin according to the content of the acrylate. Therefore, when a large amount of the styrene-acrylate copolymer is blended as a raw material, the heat resistance of the foamed sheet is reduced. May be too low, and in that case, problems such as the fusion property between the foamed sheets and the thermal deformation of the molded article are likely to occur. Therefore, when the styrene-acrylate copolymer is generally added, the amount is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less of the entire polystyrene resin (a). More preferably, the content is 30% by mass or less.
[0011]
The copolymer of styrene and conjugated diene or its hydrogenated product (b) used in the present invention has a durometer type A hardness value HDA of 90 or less. As the type of the copolymer, a block copolymer or a random copolymer may be used. Examples of the conjugated diene include conjugated dienes having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, such as butadiene, isoprene, and 2-ethylbutadiene. Preferred styrene-conjugated diene copolymers or hydrogenated copolymers thereof are styrene-isoprene block copolymers or hydrogenated products thereof, styrene-butadiene block copolymers or hydrogenated products thereof. The fully saturated structure of these copolymers is, for example, styrene-ethylene / butylene copolymer, styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-ethylene / propylene copolymer, styrene-ethylene / propylene-styrene block. And copolymers. In order to prevent the weather resistance of the foamed sheet and the molded article thereof from deteriorating, among the above-mentioned copolymers, a copolymer which is particularly hydrogenated and has a smaller number of double bonds in a molecular chain is preferable. In the foamed sheet of the present invention, one of the above-mentioned copolymers of styrene and conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be mixed.
[0012]
Furthermore, in the present invention, the copolymer of styrene and conjugated diene or its hydrogenated product (b) has a durometer type A hardness value HDA of 90 or less, preferably 20 to 80, more preferably 20 to 70. Use things. If the value of HDA is higher than 90, the effect of improving flexibility is small, and in order to satisfy the flexibility of the foamed sheet, it must be blended in a large amount. Rises, which is not preferable. If the HDA is less than 20, the resin viscosity may be too low to lower the foaming property, or the heat resistance of the foam may be reduced.
[0013]
The foamed sheet of the present invention comprises a resin composition (i) containing the polystyrene resin (a), a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b), and a foaming agent (ii). The resin composition (i) is obtained by extruding and foaming a raw material resin obtained by mixing a polystyrene-based resin (a) with 50 to 75% by mass, a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) ) Preferably, it has a composition of 25 to 50% by mass.
[0014]
The blending amount of the copolymer of styrene and conjugated diene or its hydrogenated product (b) in the resin composition (i) is in the range of 25 to 50% by mass, and preferably in the range of 30 to 40% by mass. . If the amount of the copolymer of styrene and conjugated diene or the hydrogenated product thereof (b) is less than 25% by mass, the effect of adding (b) to improve the flexibility of the foamed sheet is undesirably small. On the other hand, if the blending amount of the copolymer of styrene and conjugated diene or its hydrogenated product (b) exceeds 50% by mass, the open cell ratio increases due to a decrease in resin viscosity, the moldability deteriorates, and It is not preferable because problems such as a decrease in heat resistance occur.
[0015]
The foamed sheet of the present invention is an extruded foamed sheet having a density of 0.03 to 0.2 g / cm 3 by extrusion foaming of the above resin composition, and the foamed sheet has a partial compression displacement of 0.60 mm under a 1 kgf load. That is all.
By lowering the density of the foam sheet, the flexibility of the foam sheet can be improved. However, since the thermoforming properties of the polystyrene-based resin and the copolymer of styrene and conjugated diene or their hydrogenated products are different from each other, when the foamed sheet has a low density, the moldability during thermoforming deteriorates, so The density of the sheet is preferably in the range of 0.03 to 0.2 g / cm 3 . Further, the density of the foamed sheet is more preferably in the range of 0.04 to 0.1 g / cm 3 in terms of moldability, flexibility, and strength of the molded product.
[0016]
The partial compressive displacement of the foamed sheet at a load of 1 kgf expresses a good feeling when the foamed sheet is pinched with a finger, and the partial compressive displacement at a load of 1 kgf is 0.60 mm or more, preferably 0.65 mm or more. The foam sheet having a thickness of 3.00 mm, particularly preferably 0.70 to 2.00 mm, is thermoformed to produce a fruit and vegetable tray, so that it has an excellent feel and is particularly excellent for fruits and vegetables such as peach which requires flexibility. This makes it possible to manufacture trays having improved buffering properties. In the fruit and vegetable tray formed from a less flexible foam sheet having a partial compression displacement of less than 0.60 mm, the surface of the fruit and vegetable is easily damaged during transportation, which is not preferable as a tray for easily damaged fruits and vegetables such as peach. . In addition, in the case of a very flexible sheet having a partial compression displacement exceeding 3.00 mm, there is a problem that the formed result tray has no rigidity and the tray cannot be carried well when using an automatic fruit sorting machine. May be. Since the foamed sheet of the present invention has a partial compression displacement of 0.60 mm or more under a load of 1 kgf, the fruit and vegetable tray obtained by thermoforming this foamed sheet includes the above-mentioned peach, loquat, strawberry, It can be applied to a wide variety of fruits and vegetables such as pears and tomatoes.
[0017]
In the method for producing a foamed sheet of the present invention, the resin composition (i) and the foaming agent (ii) are melt-kneaded in an extruder, and extruded from a mold attached to the tip of the extruder into the atmosphere. Get a sheet. In the production method of the present invention, a T-die is attached to the tip of an extruder, and a foamed sheet produced by extruding and foaming a foamed sheet from the extruder with a cooling roll, and a circular mold is attached. After molding, any of the methods for producing an extruded foam sheet that is cut and cut into a sheet shape can be applied, but the method for producing an extruded foam sheet performed by attaching a circular mold is easy to produce a wide foam sheet, and This is more preferable because the thickness of the foam sheet can be easily controlled. When the obtained foamed sheet is wound up in a roll, it is desirable to wind up the sheet without applying tension as much as possible in order to prevent tightness.
[0018]
As the foaming agent (ii) used in the production method of the present invention, any of known chemical foaming agents and physical foaming agents can be used. Examples of the chemical foaming agent include a decomposition type such as azodicarbonamide and a decomposition type such as sodium bicarbonate-citric acid. Examples of the physical foaming agent include hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, and pentane, nitrogen, inert gases such as carbon dioxide, ethers such as dimethyl ether and diethyl ether, halogenated hydrocarbons such as tetrafluoroethane, chlorodifluoroethane, and difluoroethane. And the like.
[0019]
In the production method of the present invention, known additives such as a cell regulator, a colorant, a shrinkage inhibitor, a flame retardant, a lubricant, and a deterioration inhibitor can be appropriately added to the resin composition (i). Examples of the foam control agent include inorganic fillers such as talc, mica, mica, and montmorillonite; organic fine particles such as a fluororesin; a decomposable chemical foaming agent such as azodicarbonamide; a reactive chemical foaming agent such as sodium bicarbonate-citric acid; and nitrogen. And an inert gas such as carbon dioxide. Examples of the anti-shrinkage agent include an ester compound of a fatty acid such as stearic acid monoglyceride and a polyhydric alcohol, and a foaming agent for the polyethylene resin component in the present invention or a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated component thereof. This is preferable because an effect of suppressing the gas escape rate can be expected.
[0020]
The open cell ratio of the foamed sheet obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably 20% by volume or less, more preferably 15% by volume or less. If the content exceeds 20% by volume, the secondary foaming property at the time of thermoforming of the foamed sheet is deteriorated, and the moldability is poor.
The thickness of the obtained foamed sheet is preferably in the range of 1 to 10 mm, more preferably in the range of 1.5 to 5 mm, and still more preferably in the range of 1.5 to 3 mm. When the thickness of the foamed sheet is less than 1 mm, the moldability is poor, which is not preferable. If the thickness exceeds 10 mm, the moldability deteriorates, which is not preferable.
[0021]
In the foamed sheet obtained by the method of the present invention, a thermoplastic resin film or a nonwoven fabric made of thermoplastic resin fibers can be laminated on one or both surfaces by a known technique. Examples of the thermoplastic film include an olefin resin film such as a polyethylene resin film and a polypropylene resin film, and examples of the nonwoven fabric include an ester resin fiber nonwoven fabric such as a PET resin and an olefin resin fiber nonwoven fabric such as a polypropylene resin. And the like. Preferably, these films and nonwoven fabrics are laminated on one side of the foamed sheet and molded article obtained by the present invention. In particular, lamination outside the molded article is preferable in terms of securing flexibility in the present invention and improving the strength of the molded article.
[0022]
The foamed sheet obtained in the present invention can be laminated with each other or another foamed sheet by a known technique. In particular, when laminating on another foam sheet, it is preferable to laminate the foam sheet obtained in the present invention so as to come inside the molded article (contact surface of the article to be packaged) from the viewpoint of buffering the contents. Moreover, the thickness can also be increased by laminating the foamed sheets obtained by the present invention. In this case, after producing the foamed sheet, a plurality of sheets may be stacked and heat-sealed, or the sheet extruded and foamed in an annular shape may be crushed from above and below and heat-sealed.
[0023]
The bubble diameter of the foam sheet obtained by the method of the present invention is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 mm. If the cell diameter is less than 0.05 mm, the open cell ratio of the foamed sheet is likely to increase, and the moldability is also poor. If the cell diameter exceeds 1.0 mm, the flexibility of the foamed sheet deteriorates, which is not preferable.
[0024]
The foamed sheet and the molded product obtained by the method of the present invention have good releasability between sheets and molded products, and when a foamed sheet is taken from a raw roll at the time of foaming sheet molding, or when a plurality of molded products are stacked. Even after storage, it is easy to remove one by one, so workability is good.
[0025]
The foamed sheet obtained by the method of the present invention can be formed into a molded article such as a tray by thermoforming by a known molding method. In particular, since the foamed sheet according to the present invention has a good buffering property due to its flexibility, it can be suitably used for a fruit and vegetable tray having a plurality of storage recesses.
[0026]
1 and 2 are views showing an example of a fruit and vegetable tray according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fruit and vegetable tray A, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. The tray A for fruits and vegetables is formed by thermoforming a foamed sheet, forming a plurality of storage recesses 1 for storing fruits and vegetables, and cutting to a predetermined size. In the plurality of storage recesses 1 of the fruit and vegetable tray A, fruits and vegetables such as apples, pears, peaches, and tomatoes can be stored.
[0027]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0028]
[Example 1]
70% by mass of Toyo Styrene's GPPS HRM26 as a polystyrene resin (a) and a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) Asahi Kasei's hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymer A resin composition material obtained by adding 0.6 parts by mass of talc as a bubble nucleating agent to 100 parts by mass of a resin raw material containing 30% by mass of Tuftec H1041 (HDA 64) is a two-stage single extruder of φ50 mm to φ65 mm. . 1 The extruder was fed from a hopper and melt-kneaded at 210 ° C. No. Butane gas as a foaming agent (ii) was injected into the extruder at a ratio of 4.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin composition (i), and kneaded with the resin composition (i) in the extruder. Was. After that, No. No. 2 after being transferred to the extruder. 2 Cooled uniformly in the extruder. Then, No. (2) Extrusion foaming is performed from a circular die having a slit diameter of φ60 mm and a slit interval of 0.45 mm attached to the tip of the extruder, and the obtained annular foam is placed on a cooled φ170 mm mandrel and cooled and formed. At one point with a cutter to obtain a foamed sheet. At this time, the resin temperature in the mold was 152 ° C., and the extrusion discharge rate was 22 kg / hr. Next, the foamed sheet was heated in a heating furnace, and then pressed between a male mold and a female mold to be thermoformed into a fruit and vegetable tray having the shape shown in FIGS.
[0029]
[Example 2]
First, 40.74 kg of styrene monomer, 1.26 kg of butyl acrylate, and 35 liters of ion-exchanged water were put into an autoclave having a capacity of 100 liters, and a dispersant and a polymerization initiator were added thereto, followed by stirring at 90 ° C. for 6 hours. While the monomer was polymerized, a styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer containing 3% by mass of butyl acrylate was prepared. The weight average molecular weight of this copolymer measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was 300,000, and the degree of dispersion was 3.05. The Tg of the copolymer measured by DSC was 94.1 ° C. As the polystyrene resin (a), 30% by mass of this styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer, 40% by mass of GPPS HRM26 manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co., or a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) As a hydrogenated product of styrene-butadiene copolymer manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd. A resin composition material obtained by adding 0.6 parts by mass of talc as a cell nucleating agent to 100 parts by mass of a resin raw material containing 30% by mass of Tuftec H1041 was used. A foamed sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above. At this time, the resin temperature in the mold was 150 ° C., and the extrusion discharge rate was 22 kg / hr. Next, the foamed sheet was heated in a heating furnace, and then pressed between a male mold and a female mold to be thermoformed into a fruit and vegetable tray having the shape shown in FIGS.
[0030]
[Example 3]
80% by mass of GPPS HRM26 manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co. as a polystyrene resin (a) and a hydrogenated styrene-isoprene block copolymer manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. Septon 2063 as a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) Foaming was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a resin composition material containing 0.6 part by mass of talc as a cell nucleating agent was used with respect to 100 parts by mass of a resin raw material containing 20% by mass of (HDA 27). I got a sheet. At this time, the resin temperature in the mold was 146 ° C., and the extrusion discharge rate was 21 kg / hr. Next, the foamed sheet was heated in a heating furnace, and then pressed between a male mold and a female mold to be thermoformed into a fruit and vegetable tray having the shape shown in FIGS.
[0031]
[Example 4]
As a polystyrene-based resin (a), 70% by mass of GPPS HRM26 manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co., and as a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b), as of January 31, 2003, Internet website URL: http /// www. akelastomer. com / jpn / eel / pub / new / n_200206_1. talc as a cell nucleating agent is added to 100 parts by mass of a resin raw material in which 30% by mass of a hydrogenated product of styrene-butadiene copolymer SOE-SS series L601 (HDA 67) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation described in html is mixed. A foamed sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the resin composition material added in parts by mass was used. At this time, the resin temperature in the mold was 148 ° C., and the extrusion discharge rate was 20 kg / hr. Next, the foamed sheet was heated in a heating furnace, and then pressed between a male mold and a female mold to be thermoformed into a fruit and vegetable tray having the shape shown in FIGS.
[0032]
[Example 5]
As the polystyrene resin (a), 50% by mass of Toyo Styrene's GPPS HRM26, 20% by mass of Toyo Styrene's high impact polystyrene resin HIE4, and a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) Resin composition obtained by adding 0.6 parts by mass of talc as a cell nucleating agent to 100 parts by mass of a resin raw material containing 30% by mass of a hydrogenated product of styrene-butadiene copolymer manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation as SOE-SS series L601 A foamed sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the material was used. At this time, the resin temperature in the mold was 147 ° C., and the extrusion discharge rate was 21 kg / hr. Next, the foamed sheet was heated in a heating furnace, and then pressed between a male mold and a female mold to be thermoformed into a fruit and vegetable tray having the shape shown in FIGS.
[0033]
[Comparative Example 1]
100 parts by mass of a resin raw material in which 65% by mass of GPPS HRM26 manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co. and 35% by mass of INDEX resin DS201-02B (HDA 86) manufactured by Dow as an ethylene-styrene copolymer are blended as the polystyrene resin (a). On the other hand, the blended raw material resin to which 0.64 parts by mass of talc was added as a bubble nucleating agent was mixed with a No. 1 The extruder was fed from a hopper and melt-kneaded at 210 ° C. No. 1 A butane gas as a foaming agent (ii) was injected from an intermediate portion of the extruder at a ratio of 4.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin composition (i), and kneaded with the resin composition (i) in the extruder. Was. After that, No. No. 2 after being transferred to the extruder. 2 Cooled uniformly in the extruder. Then, No. (2) Extrusion foaming is performed from a circular die having a slit diameter of φ60 mm and a slit interval of 0.45 mm attached to the tip of the extruder, and the obtained annular foam is placed on a cooled φ170 mm mandrel and cooled and formed. At one point with a cutter to obtain a foamed sheet. At this time, the resin temperature in the mold was 152 ° C., and the extrusion discharge rate was 23 kg / hr. Next, the foamed sheet was heated in a heating furnace, and then pressed between a male mold and a female mold to be thermoformed into a fruit and vegetable tray having the shape shown in FIGS.
[0034]
[Comparative Example 2]
75% by mass of GPPS HRM26 manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co. as a polystyrene resin (a), and hydrogenated styrene-isoprene block copolymer manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. Septon 2104 as a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) Foaming was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a resin composition material containing 0.6 part by mass of talc as a cell nucleating agent was used with respect to 100 parts by mass of a resin raw material containing 25 mass% of (HDA 97). I got a sheet. At this time, the resin temperature in the mold was 152 ° C., and the extrusion discharge rate was 20 kg / hr. Next, the foamed sheet was heated in a heating furnace, and then pressed between a male mold and a female mold to be thermoformed into a fruit and vegetable tray having the shape shown in FIGS.
[0035]
[Comparative Example 3]
100% by mass of Toyo Styrene's GPPS HRM26 as the polystyrene resin (a), and 0.6 parts by mass of talc as a cell nucleating agent added to 100 parts by mass of the resin raw material containing only the polystyrene resin (a) A foamed sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition material was used. At this time, the resin temperature in the mold was 156 ° C., and the extrusion discharge rate was 20 kg / hr. Next, the foamed sheet was heated in a heating furnace, and then pressed between a male mold and a female mold to be thermoformed into a fruit and vegetable tray having the shape shown in FIGS.
[0036]
[Comparative Example 4]
10% by mass of Toyo Styrene's GPPS HRM26 as a polystyrene resin (a), 70% by mass of Toyo Styrene's high impact polystyrene resin HIE4, a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) Resin composition obtained by adding 0.6 parts by mass of talc as a cell nucleating agent to 100 parts by mass of a resin raw material containing 20% by mass of a hydrogenated product of styrene-butadiene copolymer manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation as SOE-SS series L601 A foamed sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the material was used. At this time, the resin temperature in the mold was 146 ° C., and the extrusion discharge rate was 20 kg / hr. Next, the foamed sheet was heated in a heating furnace, and then pressed between a male mold and a female mold to be thermoformed into a fruit and vegetable tray having the shape shown in FIGS.
[0037]
[Comparative Example 5]
40% by mass of GPPS HRM26 manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co. as a polystyrene resin (a), and a hydrogenated styrene-isoprene block copolymer manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. Septon 2063 as a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) Was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a raw material resin in which 0.6% by mass of talc was added as a cell nucleating agent was used with respect to 100 parts by mass of a resin raw material in which 60% by mass was mixed. However, the resin viscosity was too low to obtain a good foamed sheet.
[0038]
<Measurement method>
For each of the foamed sheets and molded articles (tray for fruits and vegetables) of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 (Comparative Example 5 was not measured because it is difficult to produce a foamed sheet) as described above, the foamed sheet density, The open cell ratio, cell diameter, sheet thickness, 1 kgf partial compression displacement, elongation at break reduction, weather resistance, foam sheet surface condition, foam sheet releasability and moldability were measured in accordance with the following measurement methods and comprehensively evaluated. Compared. The measuring method of each of the above test items including the measuring method of the durometer type A hardness (HDA) is described below.
[0039]
[Durometer type A hardness (HDA)]
The measurement was carried out in accordance with JIS K 7215 using a durometer ASKER type A manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd. and a constant pressure loader capable of applying a load of 10 N. At that time, as a measurement sample, 12 pieces of 30 mm × 50 mm × 4 mm were prepared, and two pieces of the pieces were overlapped to obtain an average of 6 measurements as a measurement sample having a thickness of 8 mm. The durometer type A hardness value (HDA) of the resin was obtained. And
[0040]
[Foam sheet density]
The volume V (cm 3 ) of each foam sheet sample was measured with a vernier caliper, and determined from the weight W (g) of the sample using the following equation.
Foam sheet density (unit: g / cm 3 ) = W / V
[0041]
[Open cell rate]
The volume V of the foam sheet sample measured using an air comparison hydrometer manufactured by Tokyo Science Co., Ltd. and the volume V0 of the same sample measured with a vernier caliper were determined by the following formula.
Open cell ratio (unit: volume%) = (V0−V) / V0 × 100
[0042]
[Bubble diameter]
It measured according to ASTM D-2842-69. After measuring each average cell diameter in the MD, TD, and VD directions of the foamed sheet, the average of the average cell diameters in each direction was defined as the cell diameter of the foamed sheet (unit: mm).
[0043]
[Sheet thickness]
The thickness of the foamed sheet was measured in the sheet width direction with a 5-point thickness gauge, and the average value was defined as the thickness (unit: mm) of the foamed sheet.
[0044]
[Partial compression displacement under 1 kgf load]
The measurement was performed as follows using Tensilon UCT-10 manufactured by Orientec.
First, a sample foam sheet is cut out to 10 cm × 10 cm to obtain a measurement sample. For the measurement of the partial compressive displacement, a load cell having a maximum load of 25 kgf is used, and a compression test is performed by attaching a 20 mm-diameter, 25 mm-long straight rod-shaped pressing jig having a hemispherical tip with R = 10 mm to the load cell. Without stacking sample samples, set only one sheet in close contact with the measuring device carrier so that there is no gap in the measuring device carrier, and the lower end of the pressing jig contacts the upper end of the sample sample in the thickness direction With the state as a starting point, the pressing jig is lowered at a speed of 20 mm / min to compress the sample sample. At that time, the displacement (mm) from the base point of the jig when the load on the sample sample is 1 kgf is defined as the partial compression displacement amount of the sample foam sheet at the time of 1 kgf load, and the average of the measured values of the number of samples 5 is 1 kgf load of the sample. The amount of partial compression displacement at the time (unit: mm).
[0045]
[Decrease in elongation at break and weather resistance]
First, ten dumbbell-shaped No. 1 (JIS K6251) test pieces are punched out in the flow direction of the foam sheet to prepare a sample for an accelerated exposure test. Of these, five are used for a tensile test at 0 hour exposure, and the remaining five are used for a tensile test after a 25 hour accelerated exposure test. The tensile elongation at break at 0 hour of exposure A (mm) and the tensile elongation at break at 25 hours after exposure B (mm) were determined. Based on the value of Comparative Example 3 in which the value was a foamed sheet of 100% polystyrene resin, a value of less than 40% was rated as ○, and a value of 40% or more decreased was rated as ×.
The tensile test was performed using Tensilon UCT-10 manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. at a chuck interval of 70 mm and a test speed of 50 mm / min, and the tensile elongation at break of the sample was determined as an average value of 5 times of the test. The accelerated exposure test was carried out in accordance with JIS A1415, using a sunshine super long life weather meter WEL-SUN-HC · B type manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. under irradiation conditions of black panel temperature 63 ° C. and spray type 18 Min / 120 min, the test chamber temperature was set at 43 ° C., and the humidity was set at 30%.
Reduction rate of elongation at tensile break (unit:%) = (AB) / A × 100
[0046]
[Surface state of foam sheet]
Observing the surface condition of the foamed sheets obtained in the examples and comparative examples, those with shading like sharkskin appearing on the surface, or those with surface gloss such as heat scorching are evaluated as x, shrinking or heat scorching. When no was observed, it was evaluated as ○.
[0047]
[Foam sheet release property]
First, a sample foamed sheet is cut out to about 10 cm × 10 cm and about five sheets are stacked, and further sandwiched between aluminum plates having the same size of about 1 mm in thickness and allowed to stand horizontally in an oven set at 70 ° C. A weight of 5 kg is placed from above and heated for 24 hours in that state. Thereafter, the sheet was taken out of the oven and the releasability between the foamed sheets was examined. The superposed foamed sheets were peeled off one by one, and the degree of peeling at that time was evaluated on a three-point scale of ◎, 、, and ×. ◎: almost no sound and no power applied ○: crisp sound, but not so much power ×: crunchy sound, no peeling without applying force
[Moldability]
In a single heat molding machine, the temperature of the heating furnace was set to 130 ° C., and the obtained foamed sheet was molded using a mold having 16 holes with an opening of 100 mm and a depth of 40 mm. And the thickness of the molded product were observed. When the surface was heated or cracked, or the surface of the molded product was not sufficiently thick, the product was evaluated as x.
[0049]
[Comprehensive evaluation]
When the partial compression displacement under a load of 1 kgf was 0.60 mm or more, and the evaluation of all or other evaluation items was ○ or ◎, the overall evaluation was ○. Those having a partial compressive displacement of less than 0.60 mm under a load of 1 kgf were evaluated as x. Although the partial compression displacement under a load of 1 kgf was 0.60 mm or more, the other evaluation items having two or more x were evaluated as x. Although the partial compression displacement under a load of 1 kgf was 0.60 mm or more, the other evaluation items having one x were evaluated as a comprehensive evaluation of Δ.
[0050]
Table 1 summarizes the results of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5.
[0051]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004244530
[0052]
From the results shown in Table 1, the foamed sheets and molded products (vegetables trays) of Examples 1 to 5 according to the present invention have a 1 kgf partial compression displacement of 0.6 mm or more, have good flexibility, and have a foamed shape. It was confirmed that the film had excellent properties, weather resistance, moldability, surface properties, and peelability.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, recyclability is possible, the flexibility of a foamed sheet and its molded article is high, the peelability between the foamed sheet and the molded article can be further improved, the weather resistance is sufficiently combined, and a wide variety of varieties can be obtained. It is possible to provide an extruded foam sheet, an extruded foam sheet molded product, and a tray for fruits and vegetables, which have high flexibility and high buffering properties.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a fruit and vegetable tray according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Tray for fruits and vegetables 1 Storage recess

Claims (10)

ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)及びスチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)を含む樹脂組成物(i)の押出発泡シートであって、
スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)が、デュロメータタイプA硬度の値HDAが90以下であり、
押出発泡シートの密度が0.03〜0.2g/cmであり、
かつ押出発泡シートの1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm以上であることを特徴とする押出発泡シート。
An extruded foam sheet of a resin composition (i) containing a polystyrene-based resin (a) and a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b),
A copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) has a durometer type A hardness value HDA of 90 or less;
The density of the extruded foam sheet is 0.03 to 0.2 g / cm 3 ,
An extruded foam sheet characterized in that the extruded foam sheet has a partial compression displacement at a load of 1 kgf of 0.60 mm or more.
樹脂組成物(i)が、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)50〜75質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)25〜50質量%の組成を有する請求項1記載の押出発泡シート。The resin composition (i) has a composition of 50 to 75% by mass of a polystyrene-based resin (a) and 25 to 50% by mass of a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b). Extruded foam sheet. ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)が、ポリスチレンホモポリマー単体であるか、あるいはポリスチレンホモポリマー50〜90質量%と耐衝撃性ポリスチレンまたはスチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体10〜50質量%とからなる樹脂である請求項1又は2に記載の押出発泡シート。The polystyrene resin (a) is a polystyrene homopolymer alone or a resin comprising 50 to 90% by mass of a polystyrene homopolymer and 10 to 50% by mass of an impact-resistant polystyrene or styrene-acrylate copolymer. The extruded foam sheet according to claim 1. 連続気泡率が20容量%以下であり、かつシート厚みが1〜10mmである請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の押出発泡シート。The extruded foamed sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the open cell ratio is 20% by volume or less and the sheet thickness is 1 to 10 mm. ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)及びスチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)を含む樹脂組成物(i)と、発泡剤(ii)とを混合した原料樹脂を押出発泡して発泡シートを製造する方法であって、
スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)が、デュロメータタイプA硬度の値HDAが90以下であり、
押出発泡シートの密度が0.03〜0.2g/cmであり、
かつ押出発泡シートの1kgf荷重時の部分圧縮変位量が0.60mm以上であることを特徴とする押出発泡シートの製造方法。
Extruding and foaming a raw resin obtained by mixing a resin composition (i) containing a polystyrene-based resin (a) and a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) with a foaming agent (ii) A method for producing a foam sheet, comprising:
A copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b) has a durometer type A hardness value HDA of 90 or less;
The density of the extruded foam sheet is 0.03 to 0.2 g / cm 3 ,
A method for producing an extruded foam sheet, wherein the amount of partial compression displacement of the extruded foam sheet at a load of 1 kgf is 0.60 mm or more.
樹脂組成物(i)が、ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)50〜75質量%、スチレンと共役ジエンとの共重合体またはその水素添加物(b)25〜50質量%の組成を有する請求項5記載の押出発泡シートの製造方法。The resin composition (i) has a composition of 50 to 75% by mass of a polystyrene resin (a) and 25 to 50% by mass of a copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene or a hydrogenated product thereof (b). Method for producing an extruded foam sheet. ポリスチレン系樹脂(a)が、ポリスチレンホモポリマー単体であるか、あるいはポリスチレンホモポリマー50〜90質量%と耐衝撃性ポリスチレンまたはスチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体10〜50質量%とからなる樹脂である請求項5又は6に記載の押出発泡シートの製造方法。The polystyrene resin (a) is a polystyrene homopolymer alone or a resin comprising 50 to 90% by mass of a polystyrene homopolymer and 10 to 50% by mass of an impact-resistant polystyrene or styrene-acrylate copolymer. The method for producing an extruded foam sheet according to claim 5. 連続気泡率が20容量%以下であり、かつシート厚みが1〜10mmである請求項5〜7のいずれかに記載の押出発泡シートの製造方法。The method for producing an extruded foam sheet according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the open cell ratio is 20% by volume or less, and the sheet thickness is 1 to 10 mm. 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の押出発泡シートを熱成形して得られた押出発泡シート成形品。An extruded foam sheet molded product obtained by thermoforming the extruded foam sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の押出発泡シートを熱成形して得られ、少なくとも2箇所の収納用凹部を有することを特徴とする青果用トレー。A fruit and vegetable tray obtained by thermoforming the extruded foam sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and having at least two storage recesses.
JP2003036599A 2003-02-14 2003-02-14 Extrusion-formed expanded sheet, method for manufacturing the same, molding made of the same, and tray for fruits and vegetables Pending JP2004244530A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007223153A (en) * 2006-02-23 2007-09-06 Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd Method for thermoforming extrusion foamed plate
US7677405B2 (en) 2006-11-21 2010-03-16 Rehrig Pacific Company Crate for containers
US7735676B2 (en) 2008-02-18 2010-06-15 Rehrig Pacific Company Crate for containers

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007223153A (en) * 2006-02-23 2007-09-06 Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd Method for thermoforming extrusion foamed plate
US7677405B2 (en) 2006-11-21 2010-03-16 Rehrig Pacific Company Crate for containers
US7735676B2 (en) 2008-02-18 2010-06-15 Rehrig Pacific Company Crate for containers

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