JP2004243304A

JP2004243304A - Evaporation drying apparatus

Info

Publication number: JP2004243304A
Application number: JP2003128236A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Masateru Yamazaki; 正輝山崎
Original assignee: OSAKA NETSU KANRI KOGYO KK
Current assignee: OSAKA NETSU KANRI KOGYO KK
Priority date: 2002-12-18
Filing date: 2003-05-06
Publication date: 2004-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2023-05-06
Also published as: JP3993527B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized evaporation drying apparatus of simple structure with versatility, manufacturable at a low cost, and easy in maintenance. <P>SOLUTION: Straight extending protruded sections 2 and concave sections 3 are formed on both panel faces alternately and in parallel, and heating panels 1 are provided with steam passages 4 formed inside the protruded sections 2. Slurry S like sludge is fed to the panel faces of the heating panels 1 to evaporate and dry it. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、各種産業の生産設備において発生する廃棄物、特に水分を多量に含む汚泥等のスラリーを加熱して水分を蒸発させ、乾燥させる装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
汚泥等の水分を多量に含むスラリーは、焼却に先立ち、あるいは焼却に代えて蒸発乾燥装置による加熱で水分を蒸発により除去され、乾燥される。また、ケースによっては、埋め立てやリサイクル等のために完全に乾燥され、固化されたりもする。このため、従来より図１６、図１７に示すような蒸発乾燥装置や蒸発乾燥固化装置が用いられている。以下、これらの装置について図を参照しつつ簡単に説明する。
【０００３】
図１６は従来の回転円筒型の装置で、同図の（ａ）は側面図であり、（ｂ）は横断面図である。これらの図において、７０は加熱用円筒であり、７１はスラリー噴霧用ノズルであり、７２は加熱用円筒７０の表面に付着したスラリーの乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取る固定式スクレーパである。さて、加熱用円筒７０は回転しながら、その内部に加熱用蒸気を流している。そして、スプレー用ノズル７１は、加熱用円筒７０の上側部近くに水分を含んだスラリーＳを、同図（ｂ）に示すように中心部より図上少し左方の位置にスプレーする。このため、スプレーされたスラリーＳは、加熱用円筒７０の反時計回りの回転に伴いその下側部辺りでは水分がかなり蒸発して、濃縮されたスラリーＳａとなり、回転した上側部近くでは乾燥した固形物Ｋとなって加熱用円筒７０の表面に付着し、この固形物Ｋはスクレーパ７２で削り取られることになる。
【０００４】
図１７は箱型あるいは容器型の装置を示すもので、容器７３内部のスラリーＳは熱風で乾燥される。図１８は図１６に示す回転円筒型装置の変形例で、並列円盤型とでもいうものである。この型では、加熱部は単なる円筒でなく、加熱用円筒７０の外周側に、内部に加熱用蒸気が満ちた中空円盤７４部が多数並列状に一体形成されている。またこのため、固定式スクレーパ７５の形状もこれに伴って多少複雑な形状、構造になっている。他の符号は図１６と同じである。そして、上記のような蒸発乾燥送置に投入されたスラリーＳは、蒸気により加熱され、乾燥され、多くの場合固化して加熱面に付着する。その後、固定型のスクレーパで削り取られ、最後に廃棄される。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来の蒸発乾燥装置においては、回転円筒型では加熱面が円筒形であるため、伝熱面積は直径×円周率×長さで決まる。また、蒸気圧に耐える強度上、肉厚も必要である。このため、必要な加熱面積を得ようとすれば、どうしても装置が大型になる。ひいては、製造コストが高騰し、必要な立地面積も増加する。箱型の場合も、装置が大型となる。また、内部に蒸気が満ちた多数の円盤を使用する並列円盤型では、製造が複雑となるだけでなく、内圧の関係等で円盤の寸法に制限が生じ、このため下方に落下する液が多く、落下した半濃縮液を回収して循環させる設備が必要となる。また、当初から密度、粘度とも大な汚泥等の流動体には不適当となる。
【０００６】
また、いずれのタイプの装置においても、加熱面にフイルム状に固着した汚泥等の固着物を固定式のスクレーパで削ぎ取るのであるから、スクレーパ先端部の摩耗や劣化も激しく、スクレーパの再研磨、再研磨後の装着等の調整も煩雑となる。また、乾燥により加熱面に固着した固着物を削ぎ取るためには、シリンダーやハンドルの操作でスクレーパ先端を伝熱面に適度の押圧力で当てつけておいたり、僅かな隙間に保持しておいたりせねばならないが、いずれも調整が難しく、下手をすると加熱面を損傷させたりしかねない。
【０００７】
本発明は、上記の課題に鑑み、構造簡単にして小型で汎用性があり、安価に製作でき、しかも保守が容易な蒸発乾燥装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１に係る発明の蒸発乾燥装置は、両パネル面に夫々、直線状に延びる凸条部２と凹条部３とが交互に且つ平行に形成されると共に、各凸条部２の内側に蒸気通路４が形成されてなる加熱パネル１を備え、この加熱パネル１のパネル面に汚泥等のスラリーＳを供給して蒸発乾燥させるようにしたことを特徴とする。
【０００９】
請求項２は、請求項１に記載の蒸発乾燥装置において、前記加熱パネル１には、各蒸気通路４の一端部に加熱蒸気を供給する蒸気供給管５と、各蒸気通路４の他端部から出る蒸気を一方向に排出させる蒸気排出管６とを設けてなることを特徴とする。
【００１０】
請求項３は、請求項１又は２に記載の蒸発乾燥装置において、前記加熱パネル１のパネル面に付着した汚泥等スラリーの乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取るためのスクレーパー１０を装備してなることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
請求項４は、請求項１〜３の何れかに記載の蒸発乾燥装置において、前記加熱パネル１の各凸条部２は、加熱パネル１の両パネル面で互い違いの位相となるように形成されていることを特徴とする。
【００１２】
請求項５は、請求項１〜４の何れかに記載の蒸発乾燥装置において、前記加熱パネル１の各凸条部２は、平板７の両面に夫々、管材を縦に二分割した半割管材又はこれに類似した部材を一定間隔おきに固着したものからなり、隣合う半割管材又はこれの類似部材相互間に凹条部３が形成されることを特徴とする。
【００１３】
請求項６は、請求項３に記載の蒸発乾燥装置において、前記スクレーパー１０は、加熱パネル１の両端近傍に配置されたスプロケット１３に掛張されて、加熱パネル１の両パネル面に沿って凹凸条部２，３の長手方向に移動する駆動チェーン１４と、この駆動チェーン１４に取付部材１５を介して取り付けられ、パネル面の凹凸条部２，３に沿って摺動して乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取る掻取片１６とからなることを特徴とする。
【００１４】
請求項７は、請求項６に記載の蒸発乾燥装置において、前記スクレーパー１０の取付部材１５には、掻取片１６をパネル面の凹凸条部２，３に対し弾性的に押し付けるためのバネ２５が設けられていることを特徴とする。
【００１５】
請求項８は、請求項１〜７の何れかに記載の蒸発乾燥装置において、密閉状ケーシング９内に、凹凸条部２，３が上下方向に延びるように立てた状態の前記加熱パネル１を複数枚水平方向に所定間隔で平行に配置すると共に、これら立て形配置の加熱パネル１の下方に、凹凸条部２，３が略水平方向に延びるように寝かせた状態の前記加熱パネル１を一段又は上下複数段状に配置し、各立て形配置加熱パネル１には左右両パネル面の乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取るスクレーパー１０を装備し、寝かせ形加熱パネル１には上面側パネル面の乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取るスクレーパー１０を装備し、各立て形配置加熱パネル１の上端部に蒸気供給管５、下端部に蒸気排出管６を設け、立て形配置の各加熱パネル１の上端部側には、両パネル面に夫々汚泥等スラリーＳを噴霧するスラリー噴霧ノズル１１を設けてなることを特徴とする。
【００１６】
請求項９は、請求項１〜７に記載の蒸発乾燥装置において、密閉状ケーシング９内に、凹凸条部２，３が略水平方向に延びるように寝かせた状態の前記加熱パネル１を上下複数段状に配置し、各加熱パネル１の一端部に蒸気供給管５、他端部に蒸気排出管６を設け、各加熱パネル１には上面側パネル面の乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取るスクレーパー１０を装備し、各加熱パネル１の上側には上面側パネル面に汚泥等スラリーＳを注ぐためのスラリー供給口３０を設けてなることを特徴とする。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１の（ａ）は本発明に係る蒸発乾燥装置の一実施形態を示す正面図であり、（ｂ）は同蒸発乾燥装置の一部断面平面図である。図２の（ａ）は図１の（ａ）のイ−イ線拡大断面図、（ｂ）はロ−ロ線拡大断面図、（Ｃ）はハ−ハ線拡大断面図である。これらの図において１は、両パネル面に夫々、直線状に延びる凸条部２と凹条部３とが交互に且つ平行に形成されると共に、各凸条部２の内側に蒸気通路４が形成されてなる加熱パネルである。５は各蒸気通路４の一端部に加熱蒸気を供給するための蒸気供給管、６は各蒸気通路４の他端部から出る蒸気を一方向に排出させるための蒸気排出管で、蒸気供給管５は加熱蒸気源に接続され、蒸気排出管６はドレンタンク等に接続される。尚、５ｏ及び６ｏは、夫々蒸気供給管５及び蒸気排出管６の一部を形成するもので、図５に示すようにケーシング９に取り付けるための加熱パネル取付管である。
【００１８】
加熱パネル１の各凸条部２は、加熱パネル１の両パネル面において互い違いの位相となるように形成されている。即ち、一方のパネル面の各凸条部２は、他方のパネル面の凹条部３に対応する位置にあり、また一方のパネル面の各凹条部３は、他方のパネル面の凸条部２に対応する位置にある。このような構成にすることによって、加熱面積を大きくとることができ、加熱効率を向上できる。
【００１９】
この加熱パネル１を実際に製作する時は、図２に示すように、金属板からなる矩形状平板７の両面の夫々に、金属製の例えば円管材を縦に二分割した半割管材を一定間隔おきに溶接して固着することにより、各半割管材が凸条部２となり、隣合う半割管材相互間に凹条部３が形成されると共に、各半割管材の内周面と平板７との間に蒸気通路４が形成される。この場合、半割管材は、加熱パネル１の両パネル面において互い違いの位相となるように配設される。平板７の両側端には支持板８が平板７とＴ字状を成すように固着されている。尚、図面では、平板７の一面側には大径の半割管材を配設し、他面側には小径の半割管材を配設しているが、両面側に夫々同じ径の半割管材を配設してもよい。
【００２０】
また加熱パネル１を製作する他の例を図１５に示す。同図の（ａ）は、金属平板７の両面の夫々に金属製のアングル材を一定間隔おきに溶接することにより、各アングル材が凸条部２となって、隣合うアングル材相互間に凹条部３を形成し、各アングル材の内周面と平板７との間に蒸気通路４を形成することができる。この場合も、アングル材は、加熱パネル１の両パネル面で互い違いの位相となるように配設するとよい。このアングル材の代わりに、金属角管をその断面の対角線に沿って縦に二分割したものを使用してもよい。
【００２１】
図１５の（ｂ）は、加熱パネル１を製作する更に他の例を示すもので、金属製円管と金属製帯板とを交互に溶接して連結することによって形成され、この場合は各円管の片側半分が凸条部２となり、各円管の内部が蒸気通路４となる。また、上記以外の製作例として、２枚の金属製波板を、各凸条部２が両パネル面で互い違いの位相となるように突き合わせることによって、加熱パネル１を製作することができる。
【００２２】
図３〜図５は上記のような加熱パネル１を複数枚使用してより具体的に構成された蒸発乾燥装置を示し、図３は同蒸発乾燥装置の縦断正面図、図４は縦断側面図、図５は横断平面図である。この蒸発乾燥装置は、密閉箱状ケーシング９内に、凹凸条部２，３が上下方向に延びるように立てた状態の複数枚（例えば３枚）の加熱パネル１を水平方向に所定間隔で平行に配置し、これら立て形配置の加熱パネル１の下方に、凹凸条部２，３が水平方向に延びるように寝かせた状態の加熱パネル１を１枚だけ配置してなるもので、各立て形配置の加熱パネル１には、左右両パネル面に付着した乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取るスクレーパー１０を装備し、寝かせ形加熱パネル１には上面側パネル面の乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取るスクレーパー１０を装備し、また各立て形配置の加熱パネル１の上端部側には、両パネル面に夫々スラリーＳを噴霧するスラリー噴霧ノズル１１を設け、また寝かせ形加熱パネル１の一端部下方に乾燥固化物投入用コンテナ１２を設けている。尚、寝かせ形加熱パネル１は、その蒸気排出管６側端部が多少下がり気味の傾斜状態でもよい。
【００２３】
各スクレーパー１０は、図３〜図５から分かるように、加熱パネル１の両端近傍に配置され、モーター（図１３に符号３２で示す）によって回転するスプロケット１３に掛張されて、加熱パネル１の両パネル面に沿って凹凸条部２，３の長手方向に移動する駆動チェーン１４と、この駆動チェーン１４に取付部材１５を介して取り付けられ、パネル面の凹凸条部２，３に沿って摺動して乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取る掻取片１６とから構成される。
【００２４】
各立て形加熱パネル１の駆動チェーン１４は、図３に例示するように、掻取片１６が加熱パネル１の左右両パネル面側で各パネル面の両端間を互いに反対方向に往復移動するように駆動され、掻取片１６がパネル面の下端から上端へ移動する時に乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取るようになっている。また、寝かせ形加熱パネル１の駆動チェーン１４は、掻取片１６が加熱パネル１の上側パネル面上をその左方から右方へ移動するように一方向に連続駆動され、上側パネル面に付着した乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取ってコンテナ１２へ落とし込むようになっている。尚、各立て形加熱パネル１の駆動チェーン１４も、寝かせ形加熱パネル１の駆動チェーン１４と同様に、一方向に連続駆動されるようにしてもよい。
【００２５】
図３〜図５において、１７は各噴霧ノズル１１にスラリーＳを供給するスラリー供給管で、図示しないスラリー貯蔵タンクに接続されていて、ポンプでスラリーが圧送される。１８はケーシング９内に多数配設された洗浄用の蒸気噴射ノズルで、ケーシング９に架け渡された蒸気供給管３１に多数設けられており、汚泥等のスラリーＳがケーシング９の内壁、加熱パネル１、スクレーパー１０等に付着したまま固化するのを防止する。１９はケーシング９に設けてある開口２０に開閉自在に取り付けられた蓋体である。２１はケーシング９の頂部に設けられた排気口で、蒸気噴射ノズル１８から噴射して洗浄を行なった蒸気をケーシング９の外へ排出させ、図示しない各種設備により回収するようになっている。尚、ケーシング９の開口２０には、口径の大きいものから小さいものまで種々あるが、図４に示すような大口径の開口２０は、ケーシング９内部の保守のために作業員が入ったり、加熱パネル１等の装置構成部材の出し入れをするのに使用され、小口径の開口２０は点検口として使用される。
【００２６】
上述した図３〜図５に示す蒸発乾燥装置の作用について説明すると、本装置の処理対象物である汚泥等のスラリーＳは、図３に示すように噴霧ノズル１１から立て形に配置された加熱パネル１のパネル面の上端部側に噴霧される。この時、各加熱パネル１には、蒸気供給管５より供給された加熱蒸気が各凸条部２の蒸気通路４に流通して、パネル面が所定温度に加熱されている。噴霧ノズル１１から噴霧されるスラリーＳは細かい水滴状なので、加熱パネル１のパネル面に付着したまま自重で下方へ流れていく。
【００２７】
この際、このスラリーＳは、立て形加熱パネル１の下方にいくほど水分がパネル面から蒸発するため、濃縮され、乾燥され、一部は固化されていく。この様子を図２に示す。この図２の（ａ），（ｂ），（ｃ）は、図１の（ａ）に示す加熱パネル１の上部側の蒸発部Ａ，中間部の濃縮部Ｂ，下部側の乾燥部ＣにおけるスラリーＳの変化の様子を示す。図２の（ａ）に示すように、このスラリーＳは、蒸発部Ａでは液状（Ｓａで示す）であるが、濃縮部Ｂでは（ｂ）に示すように濃縮された状態（Ｓｂで示す）であり、そして乾燥部Ｃでは（ｃ）に示すようにほぼ固化状態となってパネル面に付着し、この付着物を乾燥固化物Ｋとする。
【００２８】
上記のようにして各立て形加熱パネル１の乾燥部Ｃでパネル面に付着した乾燥固化物Ｋは、スクレーパー１０の掻取片１６が上下動する時にこの掻取片１６によって掻き取られ、立て形加熱パネル１の下方に水平に配置された寝かせ形加熱パネル１の上側パネル面上に落下する。尚、図３において、２２は立て形加熱パネル１から落下する乾燥固化物Ｋを寝かせ形加熱パネル１の上側パネル面上に案内する傾斜状ガイド板である。こうして寝かせ形加熱パネル１の上側パネル面上に落下した乾燥固化物Ｋは、スクレーパー１０の掻取片１６により図３の左方から右方へと押し運ばれて、乾燥固化物投入用コンテナ１２へ投入される。
【００２９】
尚、上記寝かせ形加熱パネル１に設けてあるスクレーパー１０の掻取片１６は、駆動チェーン１４に対し揺動自在に取り付けてあって、当該加熱パネル１の両端部の蒸気供給管５及び蒸気排出管６のところでは、これらの管５，６を乗り越え、また加熱パネル１の下側パネル面を走行する時には駆動チェーン１４に対し十分に屈折するようになっている。
【００３０】
また、上記寝かせ形加熱パネル１のパネル面上には、立て形加熱パネル１からの乾燥固化物Ｋだけでなく、液状スラリーＳａあるいは濃縮スラリーＳｂも流下する。しかして、それらのスラリーＳａ，Ｓｂは、この寝かせ形加熱パネル１のパネル面上を移送される間に乾燥され固化されて、スクレーパー１０の掻取片１６により移送され、コンテナ１２へ投入される。尚、寝かせ形加熱パネル１は、図３に示すように、その左端部に蒸気供給管５が位置し、右側端部に蒸気排出管６が位置している。
【００３１】
上記のような蒸発乾燥装置によれば、先ず、密閉状ケーシング９内で処理を行なうから、供給されるスラリーＳや、スクレーパー１０で掻き取られる乾燥固化物Ｋの粉末等が周辺に飛散せず、作業環境が良好となる。そして、複数枚の立て形配置加熱パネル１によって、スラリーＳの蒸発乾燥処理を短時間で効率良く行なうことができる。また、これら立て形配置加熱パネル１の下方に寝かせ形加熱パネル１を配置しているから、立て形配置加熱パネル１のパネル面に付着してスクレーパー１０で掻き落とした乾燥固化物Ｋを、この寝かせ形加熱パネル１で受けて排出させることができると共に、この寝かせ形加熱パネル１のパネル面上に流下したスラリーＳを立て形配置加熱パネル１と同様に蒸発乾燥処理させることができる。従って、大量のスラリーＳを短時間で有効に処理することができる。また、複数の加熱パネル１をコンパクトに配置できて、装置全体も小型にすることができる。
【００３２】
図６〜図９はスクレーパー１０の具体的構造例を示す。スクレーパー１０は、図４及び図５によって説明したように、加熱パネル１の両端近傍に配置されたスプロケット１３に掛張されて、加熱パネル１の両パネル面に沿って凹凸条部２，３の長手方向に移動する駆動チェーン１４と、駆動チェーン１４に取付部材１５を介して取り付けられ、パネル面の凹凸条部２，３沿いに摺動して乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取る掻取片１６とから構成される。
【００３３】
先ず、図６及び図７に示すスクレーパー１０では、掻取片１６を駆動チェーン１４に取り付ける取付部材１５は、加熱パネル１の左右両側方にある両側一対の駆動チェーン１４と直交するように配置されて、受け金具２３を介して駆動チェーン１４に横架連結される支軸２４と、この支軸２４と掻取片１６との間に介装されて掻取片１６を加熱パネル１の凹凸条部２，３に対し弾性的に押し付けるための複数のコイルバネ２５とからなり、各コイルバネ２５は、支軸２４に固定された径小管２６と、掻取片１６に固定され、径小管２６に伸縮自在に嵌合する径大管２７とに亘って嵌装されている。従って、このスクレーパー１０によれば、掻取片１６はコイルバネ２５の付勢力によりパネル面の凹凸条部２，３に常に押し付けられた状態で係合していて、駆動チェーン１４の移動によりパネル面の凹凸条部２，３に沿って摺動しつつ、乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取ることになる。この図６及び図７に示すスクレーパー１０は、立て型の加熱パネル１に使用される。
【００３４】
図８及び図９に示すスクレーパー１０の取付部材１５は、受け金具２３を介して駆動チェーン１４に横架連結される支軸２４と、この支軸２４の数箇所に固着されたブラケット２８と、これらブラケット２８に夫々の一端部が枢着され、先端部に掻取片１６を取付け固定している複数の傾斜揺動レバー２９と、各傾斜揺動レバー２９の先端側と支軸２４との間に張架されて、掻取片１６を加熱パネル１の凹凸条部２，３に対し弾性的に押し付けるための複数のコイルバネ２５とからなる。従って、掻取片１６はコイルバネ２５によりパネル面の凹凸条部２，３に常に押し付けられた状態で係合し、駆動チェーン１４の移動によりパネル面の凹凸条部２，３に沿って摺動しながら乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取る。この図８及び図９に示すスクレーパー１０は、例えば図３に示す蒸発乾燥装置の寝かせ形加熱パネル１に使用される。
【００３５】
上記のようなスクレーパー１０によれば、バネ２５によって掻取片１６が常に加熱パネル１のパネル面の凹凸条部２，３に弾性的に押し付けられるため、凹凸条部２，３に沿ってスムーズに摺動できると共に、乾燥固化物Ｋを確実に掻き取ることができる。またこのスクレーパー１０は、パネル面に付着され又は付着されつつある乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取るだけでなく、立て形加熱パネル１より掻き落とされて寝かせ形加熱パネル１のパネル面上に落下した乾燥固化物Ｋを移送するようになっている。
【００３６】
図１１及び図１２には、前述した図３〜図５の蒸発乾燥装置の変形例を示す。図３〜図５に示す蒸発乾燥装置では、立て形に配置した複数枚の加熱パネル１の下方に、凹凸条部２，３が水平方向に延びるように寝かせた状態の加熱パネル１を一段だけ配置しているが、図１１及び図１２の蒸発乾燥装置では、寝かせ形の加熱パネル１を上下二段に配置した点が異なり、他については図３〜図５の蒸発乾燥装置と同じである。
【００３７】
この図１１及び図１２の蒸発乾燥装置においては、図１０から分かるように、上段の加熱パネル１に装備されているスクレーパー１０は、掻取片１６が加熱パネル１の上面側を図の右方から左方へ移動した後、その下面側を左方から右方へ移動し、上面側を移動中に加熱パネル１の上面にある乾燥固化物Ｋを移送し、又はその上面に付着した乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取りながら移送して周回する。また下段の加熱パネル１に装備してあるスクレーパー１０は、上段側とは掻取片１６の移動方向が逆であって、加熱パネル１の上面側を図の左方から右方へ移動した後、その下面側を右方から左方へ移動して周回し、上面側を移動中に加熱パネル１の上面にある乾燥固化物Ｋを移送するようになっている。
【００３８】
従って、図１０に示すように、上段側スクレーパー１０で掻き取られた上段側加熱パネル１上の乾燥固化物Ｋは上段加熱パネル１の左端部から下段側加熱パネル１上に落下し、この下段側加熱パネル１上の乾燥固化物Ｋは下段側スクレーパー１０で掻き取られながら左端部から右端部へと押し運ばれて、乾燥固化物投入用コンテナ１２へ投入される。
【００３９】
またこの上段側加熱パネル１のパネル面上には、上方の立て形加熱パネル１からの乾燥固化物Ｋだけでなく、液状スラリーＳａあるいは濃縮スラリーＳｂも流下するから、それらのスラリーＳａ，Ｓｂは、上記上段側加熱パネル１のパネル面上を移送される間に乾燥され固化され、スクレーパー１０で掻き取り移送されて、下段側加熱パネル１上に落下し、下段側スクレーパー１０によってコンテナ１２へ投入される。尚、上段側加熱パネル１は、図１０に示すように、その右端部に蒸気供給管５が位置し、左端部に蒸気排出管６が位置し、また下段側加熱パネル１は、その左端部に蒸気供給管５が位置し、右端部に蒸気排出管６が位置する。尚、上段側加熱パネル１の右側端部上方にあるスラリー供給口３０からスラリーＳを吐出供給させることもできる。
【００４０】
図１２〜図１４は、密閉状ケーシング９内に、凹凸条部２，３が水平方向に延びるように寝かせた状態の加熱パネル１を上下複数段に、例えば４段に配置したもので、各段の加熱パネル１の一端部に蒸気供給管５を設け、他端部に蒸気排出管６を設け、また各段の加熱パネル１には上部パネル面に付着した乾燥固化物Ｋを掻き取るスクレーパー１０を装備し、更に各段の加熱パネル１の上側には上面側パネル面にスラリーＳを注ぐためのスラリー供給口３０を設けている。スクレーパー１０及びその他の構成部材については、前述した蒸発乾燥装置と同様である。尚、図１３において、３２はスクレーパー１０の駆動源であるモーターを示す。
【００４１】
この蒸発乾燥装置においては、図１２から分かるように、最下段のスクレーパー１０を除いて各段の加熱パネル１のスクレーパー１０は、掻取片１６を加熱パネル１の上部パネル面の一端側（蒸気供給管５の設けられた側）から他端側（蒸気排出管６の設けられた側）へ移動させ、最下段のスクレーパー１０は、逆に、掻取片１６を加熱パネル１の上部パネル面の他端側から一端側へと移動させるようになっている。
【００４２】
しかして、１段〜３段の各段の加熱パネル１の上部パネル面にスラリー供給口３０より供給されたスラリーＳは、図１２に示すようにスクレーパー１０により左方向に押し流されていく。その間に加熱パネル１の上部パネル面で加熱され、濃縮されて乾燥し、各加熱パネル１の左端から最下段の加熱パネル１の上部パネル面上に落下し、更にこの最下段の加熱パネル１のスクレーパー１０で当該加熱パネル１の上部パネル面を右方へ押されつつ完全に乾燥していく。最後に、この加熱パネル１の右端から乾燥固化物投入用コンテナ１２に落としこまれる。
【００４３】
尚、最下段を除く各段の加熱パネル１は、蒸気排出管６の設けられた左端側が多少下がり気味の傾斜状態に配置されてもよく、また最下段の加熱パネル１は、蒸気排出管６のある右端側が多少下がり気味の傾斜状態に配置されてもよい。
【００４４】
上記した図１２〜図１４の蒸発乾燥装置によれば、図３〜図５の蒸発乾燥装置及び図１０、図１１の蒸発乾燥装置と同様、密閉状ケーシング９内で処理を行なうので、スラリーＳや乾燥固化物Ｋの粉末等が周辺に飛散せず、作業環境が良好となると共に、スラリーＳを各段の加熱パネル１により確実且つ有効に蒸発乾燥させることができ、また全ての加熱パネル１を略水平に配置するので、装置全体をコンパクトにして且つ比較的嵩低で小型にすることができる。また、構造が簡素であるから、製作が容易で安価に提供することができる。
【００４５】
【発明の効果】
請求項１に係る発明の蒸発乾燥装置によれば、装置の主体である加熱パネルは、パネル状であって、両パネル面に夫々直線状に延びる凸条部と凹条部とを交互に且つ平行に形成すると共に、各凸条部の内側に蒸気通路を形成してなる構造であるから、従来のものに比較して、装置のコンパクトが可能となる。また、パネル面の凸条部によって、パネル面が平面であるのもに比較して、加熱面積が増大する。また、単にパイプを筏状に並べたようなものと異なり、乾燥固化物が付着する隅部がないので保守も容易となる。
【００４６】
請求項２に係る発明の蒸発乾燥装置によれば、加熱パネルに、各蒸気通路の一端部に加熱蒸気を供給する蒸気供給管と、各蒸気通路の他端部から出る蒸気を一方向に排出させる蒸気排出管とを設けることにより、加熱蒸気の供給、排出が容易となると共に、加熱パネルの構造をコンパクトにすることができる。
【００４７】
請求項３に係る発明の蒸発乾燥装置によれば、加熱パネルにはスクレーパーを装備しているので、パネル面に付着した汚泥等スラリーの乾燥固化物を有効に掻き取ることができる。
【００４８】
請求項４に係る発明の蒸発乾燥装置によれば、加熱パネルの各凸条部を、加熱パネルの両パネル面で互い違いの位相となるように形成しているので、加熱面積を大きくとれて、加熱効率を向上させることができる。
【００４９】
請求項５に係る発明の蒸発乾燥装置によれば、加熱パネルの各凸条部が、平板の両面に夫々、管材を縦に二分割した半割管材又はこれに類似した部材を一定間隔おきに固着したものからなる場合は、加熱パネルの製作が容易で、コストの低廉化を図ることができる。
【００５０】
請求項６に係る発明の蒸発乾燥装置によれば、スクレーパーが、加熱パネルの両端近傍に配置されたスプロケットに掛張されて、加熱パネルの両パネル面に沿って凹凸条部の長手方向に移動する駆動チェーンと、駆動チェーンに取付部材を介して取り付けられ、パネル面の凹凸条部に沿って摺動して乾燥固化物を掻き取る掻取片とで構成されることによって、スクレーパーの構造が簡単にして、パネル面に付着した乾燥固化物を有効に掻き取ることができる。
【００５１】
請求項７に係る発明の蒸発乾燥装置によれば、スクレーパーの取付部材に、掻取片をパネル面の凹凸条部に対して弾性的に押し付けるバネを設けた場合には、バネによって掻取片が常に加熱パネルのパネル面の凹凸条部に弾性的に押し付けられるため、凹凸条部に沿ってスムーズに摺動できると共に、乾燥固化物を確実に掻き取ることができ、またパネル面に接触するスクレーパー先端部分の摩耗も少なくなり、パネル面を損傷させるおそれがない。
【００５２】
請求項８に係る発明の蒸発乾燥装置によれば、密閉状ケーシング内で処理を行なうから、供給される汚泥等のスラリーや、スクレーパーで掻き取られる乾燥固化物の粉末等が周辺に飛散せず、作業環境が良好となる。そして複数枚の立て形配置加熱パネルによって、スラリーの蒸発乾燥処理を短時間で効率良く行なうことができる。また、立て形配置加熱パネルの下方に寝かせ形加熱パネルを配置しているから、立て形配置加熱パネルのパネル面に付着してスクレーパーで掻き落とした乾燥固化物を、この寝かせ形加熱パネルで受けて排出させることができると共に、この寝かせ形加熱パネルのパネル面上に流下したスラリーを立て形配置加熱パネルと同様に蒸発乾燥処理させることができる。従って、大量のスラリーを短時間で有効に処理することができる。また、複数の加熱パネルをコンパクトに配置できて、装置全体も小型にすることができる。
【００５３】
請求項９に係る発明の蒸発乾燥装置によれば、密閉状ケーシング内で処理を行なうので、スラリーや乾燥固化物の粉末等が周辺に飛散せず、作業環境が良好となると共に、スラリーを各段の加熱パネルにより確実且つ有効に蒸発乾燥させることができ、また全ての加熱パネルを略水平に配置するので、装置全体をコンパクトにして且つ比較的嵩低で小型にすることができる。また、構造が簡素であるから、製作が容易で安価に提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】（ａ）は本発明に係る蒸発乾燥装置の一実施形態を示す正面図、（ｂ）は同蒸発乾燥装置の一部断面平面図である。
【図２】（ａ）は図１の（ａ）のイ−イ線拡大断面図、（ｂ）はロ−ロ線拡大断面図、（Ｃ）はハ−ハ線拡大断面図である。
【図３】図１及び図２の加熱パネルを複数枚使用してより具体的に構成される蒸発乾燥装置の縦断正面図である。
【図４】同上の蒸発乾燥装置の縦断側面図である。
【図５】同上の蒸発乾燥装置の横断平面図である。
【図６】スクレーパーの一例を示すものであり、（ａ）は側面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の矢印ニから見た図、（ｃ）は（ａ）の矢印ホから見た図である。
【図７】図６のスクレーパーと同じもので、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は縦断側面図である。
【図８】スクレーパーの他の例を示し、（ａ）は側面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の矢印ヘから見た図、（ｃ）は（ａ）の矢印トから見た図である。
【図９】図８のスクレーパーと同じもので、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は縦断側面図である。
【図１０】他の実施形態による蒸発乾燥装置の縦断正面図である。
【図１１】同上の蒸発乾燥装置の縦断側面図である。
【図１２】更に他の実施形態による蒸発乾燥装置の縦断正面図である。
【図１３】同上の蒸発乾燥装置の横断平面図である。
【図１４】同上の蒸発乾燥装置の縦断側面図である。
【図１５】（ａ），（ｂ）は加熱パネルの製作例を示す平面図である。
【図１６】従来の管型蒸発乾燥固化装置の要部を示す図である。
【図１７】従来の容器型蒸発乾燥固化装置の要部を示す図である。
【図１８】従来の並列円板型蒸発乾燥固化装置の要部を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１加熱パネル
２凸条部
３凹条部
４蒸気通路
５蒸気供給管
６蒸気排出管
１１スラリー噴霧ノズル
１０スクレーパー
１３スプロケット
１４駆動チェーン
１５取付部材
１６掻取片
２５バネ
３０スラリー供給口[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for evaporating water by heating waste, particularly sludge such as sludge containing a large amount of water, generated in production facilities in various industries, and drying the slurry.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A slurry containing a large amount of water, such as sludge, is removed by evaporating the water by heating with an evaporative drying apparatus before or instead of incineration, and dried. Further, depending on the case, it is completely dried and solidified for landfill or recycling. For this reason, conventionally, an evaporative drying apparatus or an evaporative drying and solidifying apparatus as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 has been used. Hereinafter, these devices will be briefly described with reference to the drawings.
[0003]
FIGS. 16A and 16B show a conventional rotary cylindrical device, in which FIG. 16A is a side view and FIG. 16B is a transverse sectional view. In these figures, reference numeral 70 denotes a heating cylinder, reference numeral 71 denotes a slurry spray nozzle, and reference numeral 72 denotes a fixed scraper for scraping off the dried and solidified product K of the slurry adhered to the surface of the heating cylinder 70. By the way, the heating cylinder 70 is rotating and flowing the heating steam therein. Then, the spray nozzle 71 sprays the slurry S containing water near the upper portion of the heating cylinder 70 to a position slightly to the left of the center as shown in FIG. For this reason, the sprayed slurry S is substantially concentrated in the lower part thereof with the rotation of the heating cylinder 70 in the counterclockwise direction, so that the water evaporates to become a concentrated slurry Sa, which is dried near the rotated upper part. It becomes a solid K and adheres to the surface of the heating cylinder 70, and this solid K is scraped off by the scraper 72.
[0004]
FIG. 17 shows a box-type or container-type device, and the slurry S in the container 73 is dried by hot air. FIG. 18 shows a modification of the rotary cylindrical device shown in FIG. 16, which is also called a parallel disk type. In this mold, the heating section is not a simple cylinder, and a large number of hollow disks 74 filled with heating steam are integrally formed in parallel on the outer peripheral side of the heating cylinder 70. For this reason, the shape of the fixed scraper 75 has a somewhat complicated shape and structure. Other symbols are the same as those in FIG. Then, the slurry S fed to the evaporative drying apparatus as described above is heated and dried by steam, and in many cases, solidifies and adheres to the heating surface. Then, it is scraped off with a fixed scraper and finally discarded.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-mentioned conventional evaporative drying apparatus, since the heating surface of the rotary cylindrical type is cylindrical, the heat transfer area is determined by diameter × circular ratio × length. In addition, a wall thickness is necessary for the strength to withstand the vapor pressure. Therefore, in order to obtain a necessary heating area, the size of the apparatus is inevitably increased. Eventually, manufacturing costs will increase and the required site area will increase. Even in the case of a box type, the device becomes large. In addition, the parallel disk type, which uses a large number of disks filled with steam, not only complicates manufacturing, but also restricts the size of the disk due to internal pressure, etc. In addition, a facility for collecting and circulating the dropped semi-concentrated liquid is required. Further, it is unsuitable for a fluid such as sludge having a large density and viscosity from the beginning.
[0006]
Also, in any type of equipment, the fixed material such as sludge fixed on the heating surface in the form of a film is scraped off with a fixed scraper, so that the tip of the scraper is severely worn and deteriorated. Adjustment of mounting and the like after re-polishing also becomes complicated. Also, to scrape off the solid matter that has adhered to the heating surface due to drying, the tip of the scraper can be applied to the heat transfer surface with an appropriate pressing force by operating the cylinder or handle, or held in a slight gap. They must be done, but they are all difficult to adjust, and if you do poorly, you can damage the heating surface.
[0007]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an evaporative drying apparatus that has a simple structure, is compact, versatile, can be manufactured at low cost, and is easy to maintain.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the evaporative drying apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the linear ridges 2 and the concave ridges 3 extending linearly are formed alternately and in parallel on both panel surfaces, respectively. A heating panel 1 having a steam passage 4 formed therein is provided, and a slurry S such as sludge is supplied to the panel surface of the heating panel 1 to be evaporated and dried.
[0009]
According to a second aspect, in the evaporative drying apparatus according to the first aspect, the heating panel 1 has a steam supply pipe 5 for supplying heating steam to one end of each steam passage 4 and another end of each steam passage 4. And a steam discharge pipe 6 for discharging the steam from the pipe in one direction.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the evaporative drying apparatus according to the first or second aspect, a scraper 10 for scraping off a dried solidified material K of slurry such as sludge adhered to the panel surface of the heating panel 1 is provided. Features.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect, in the evaporative drying apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, each of the ridge portions 2 of the heating panel 1 is formed so as to have an alternate phase on both panel surfaces of the heating panel 1. It is characterized by having.
[0012]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the evaporative drying apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, each protruding ridge portion 2 of the heating panel 1 is formed by dividing a tube material into two vertically on both surfaces of a flat plate 7. Alternatively, a member similar to the above is fixed at regular intervals, and the concave ridge portion 3 is formed between adjacent half-split pipes or similar members.
[0013]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the evaporative drying apparatus according to the third aspect, the scraper 10 is hung on sprockets 13 arranged near both ends of the heating panel 1, and is provided with irregularities along both panel surfaces of the heating panel 1. A drive chain 14 that moves in the longitudinal direction of the strips 2 and 3 and is attached to the drive chain 14 via an attachment member 15 and slides along the uneven strips 2 and 3 on the panel surface to dry and solidify the dried product K. And a scraping piece 16 for scraping off.
[0014]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the evaporative drying apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein a spring 25 for elastically pressing the scraping piece 16 against the uneven ridges 2 and 3 on the panel surface is attached to the mounting member 15 of the scraper 10. Is provided.
[0015]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the evaporative drying apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the heating panel 1 in a state in which the uneven ridges 2 and 3 are set up in the closed casing 9 so as to extend in the vertical direction. A plurality of the heating panels 1 are arranged in parallel with a predetermined interval in the horizontal direction, and the heating panels 1 in a state of being laid down below the heating panels 1 in the vertical configuration so that the ridges 2 and 3 extend substantially in the horizontal direction. Alternatively, each of the vertical-positioned heating panels 1 is provided with a scraper 10 for scraping off the dried and solidified material K on both the left and right panels, and the laid-shaped heating panel 1 is dried and solidified on the upper surface side. Equipped with a scraper 10 for scraping off the object K, a steam supply pipe 5 is provided at the upper end of each vertical heating panel 1 and a steam discharge pipe 6 is provided at the lower end thereof, and an upper end side of each vertical heating panel 1 is provided. On both sides of the panel Characterized by comprising providing a slurry spray nozzle 11 for spraying Lee S.
[0016]
A ninth aspect is the evaporative drying apparatus according to the first to seventh aspects, wherein the heating panel 1 in a state in which the uneven ridges 2 and 3 are laid down in the closed casing 9 so as to extend in a substantially horizontal direction is vertically arranged. A steam supply pipe 5 is provided at one end of each heating panel 1, and a steam discharge pipe 6 is provided at the other end of each heating panel 1, and each heating panel 1 has a scraper 10 for scraping dry and solidified material K on the upper panel side. And a slurry supply port 30 for pouring slurry S such as sludge is provided on the upper panel surface above each heating panel 1.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1A is a front view showing an embodiment of the evaporative drying apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the evaporative drying apparatus. 2A is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 1A, FIG. 2B is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line RO, and FIG. In these figures, in FIG. 1, linear ridges 2 and concave ridges 3 extending linearly are formed alternately and in parallel on both panel surfaces, and a steam passage 4 is formed inside each ridge 2. It is a heating panel formed. Reference numeral 5 denotes a steam supply pipe for supplying heated steam to one end of each steam passage 4, and reference numeral 6 denotes a steam discharge pipe for discharging steam from the other end of each steam passage 4 in one direction. 5 is connected to a heating steam source, and the steam discharge pipe 6 is connected to a drain tank or the like. In addition, 5o and 6o form a part of the steam supply pipe 5 and the steam discharge pipe 6, respectively, and are heating panel mounting pipes for mounting to the casing 9 as shown in FIG.
[0018]
The respective ridges 2 of the heating panel 1 are formed so as to have alternate phases on both panel surfaces of the heating panel 1. That is, each ridge 2 on one panel surface is located at a position corresponding to the ridge 3 on the other panel surface, and each ridge 3 on one panel surface is a ridge on the other panel surface. It is located at a position corresponding to part 2. With such a configuration, the heating area can be increased, and the heating efficiency can be improved.
[0019]
When the heating panel 1 is actually manufactured, as shown in FIG. 2, a metal half-pipe, for example, which is obtained by vertically dividing a circular pipe into two pieces, is fixed on both sides of a rectangular flat plate 7 made of a metal plate. By being welded and fixed at intervals, each half-pipe becomes a ridge 2, a concave ridge 3 is formed between adjacent half-pipe, and the inner peripheral surface of each half-pipe is flat. 7, a steam passage 4 is formed. In this case, the half pipe members are arranged so as to have alternate phases on both panel surfaces of the heating panel 1. Support plates 8 are fixed to both ends of the flat plate 7 so as to form a T-shape with the flat plate 7. In the drawing, a large-diameter half-pipe is provided on one side of the flat plate 7 and a small-diameter half-pipe is provided on the other side. Tubing may be provided.
[0020]
Another example of manufacturing the heating panel 1 is shown in FIG. (A) of the figure shows that the metal angle members are welded at regular intervals to both sides of the metal flat plate 7 so that each angle material becomes the protruding ridge portion 2, and between the adjacent angle members. The concave ridge portion 3 is formed, and the steam passage 4 can be formed between the inner peripheral surface of each angle member and the flat plate 7. Also in this case, it is preferable that the angle members are arranged so as to have alternate phases on both panel surfaces of the heating panel 1. Instead of this angle material, a metal square tube which is vertically divided along a diagonal line of its cross section may be used.
[0021]
FIG. 15B shows still another example of manufacturing the heating panel 1, which is formed by alternately welding and connecting a metal circular tube and a metal band plate. One half of the circular pipe becomes the ridge 2, and the inside of each circular pipe becomes the steam passage 4. Further, as a manufacturing example other than the above, the heating panel 1 can be manufactured by abutting two metal corrugated plates such that each of the ridges 2 has a different phase on both panel surfaces.
[0022]
3 to 5 show an evaporative drying apparatus more specifically configured by using a plurality of the heating panels 1 as described above, FIG. 3 is a vertical front view of the evaporative drying apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view. In this evaporative drying apparatus, a plurality of (for example, three) heating panels 1 in a state in which raised and recessed portions 2 and 3 extend in a vertical direction in a closed box-shaped casing 9 are parallelly arranged at predetermined intervals in a horizontal direction. And a single heating panel 1 in a state of being laid down so that the uneven ridges 2 and 3 extend in the horizontal direction below the heating panel 1 in the vertical arrangement. The arranged heating panel 1 is equipped with a scraper 10 for scraping off the dried and solidified matter K attached to both the left and right panel surfaces, and the laid-up heating panel 1 is provided with a scraper 10 for scraping off the dried and solidified matter K on the upper side panel surface. Equipped with a slurry spray nozzle 11 for spraying a slurry S on both panel surfaces at the upper end side of the heating panel 1 of each vertical arrangement, and a dried solidified material below one end of the laying heating panel 1. Input container 2 is provided. In addition, the laid-down heating panel 1 may be slightly inclined at the end on the steam discharge pipe 6 side.
[0023]
As can be seen from FIGS. 3 to 5, each of the scrapers 10 is disposed near both ends of the heating panel 1, and is hung on a sprocket 13 that is rotated by a motor (indicated by reference numeral 32 in FIG. 13). A drive chain 14 that moves in the longitudinal direction of the ridges 2 and 3 along both panel surfaces, and is attached to the drive chain 14 via a mounting member 15 and slides along the ridges 2 and 3 on the panel surface. And a scraping piece 16 that moves to scrape the dried and solidified material K.
[0024]
As illustrated in FIG. 3, the drive chain 14 of each vertical heating panel 1 causes the scraping pieces 16 to reciprocate in opposite directions between both ends of each panel surface on both left and right panel surfaces of the heating panel 1. When the scraper 16 moves from the lower end to the upper end of the panel surface, the dried and solidified material K is scraped off. The drive chain 14 of the laid-down heating panel 1 is continuously driven in one direction so that the scraping pieces 16 move from left to right on the upper panel surface of the heating panel 1 and adhere to the upper panel surface. The dried and solidified material K is scraped and dropped into the container 12. The drive chain 14 of each vertical heating panel 1 may be continuously driven in one direction, similarly to the drive chain 14 of the laid-down heating panel 1.
[0025]
3 to 5, reference numeral 17 denotes a slurry supply pipe for supplying the slurry S to each of the spray nozzles 11, which is connected to a slurry storage tank (not shown), and the slurry is pumped by a pump. Reference numeral 18 denotes a large number of cleaning steam injection nozzles provided in the casing 9, which are provided in a large number of steam supply pipes 31 bridged over the casing 9. 1. To prevent solidification while being attached to the scraper 10 or the like. Reference numeral 19 denotes a lid which is attached to an opening 20 provided in the casing 9 so as to be openable and closable. Reference numeral 21 denotes an exhaust port provided at the top of the casing 9, which discharges the cleaned steam ejected from the steam jet nozzle 18 to the outside of the casing 9, and is collected by various facilities (not shown). The opening 20 of the casing 9 has various sizes from a large one to a small one. The large-diameter opening 20 shown in FIG. The small-diameter opening 20 is used as an inspection port, and is used for taking in and out of a device component such as the panel 1.
[0026]
The operation of the evaporative drying apparatus shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 will be described. Slurry S, such as sludge, to be treated by the present apparatus is heated from a spray nozzle 11 in a vertical shape as shown in FIG. It is sprayed on the upper end side of the panel surface of the panel 1. At this time, in each heating panel 1, the heating steam supplied from the steam supply pipe 5 flows through the steam passage 4 of each ridge portion 2, and the panel surface is heated to a predetermined temperature. Since the slurry S sprayed from the spray nozzle 11 is in the form of fine water droplets, it flows downward by its own weight while adhering to the panel surface of the heating panel 1.
[0027]
At this time, since the water evaporates from the panel surface as it goes below the vertical heating panel 1, the slurry S is concentrated, dried, and partially solidified. This is shown in FIG. 2 (a), (b) and (c) in FIG. 2 show the evaporating section A on the upper side of the heating panel 1, the concentrating section B in the middle section, and the drying section C on the lower side in FIG. The change of the slurry S is shown. As shown in FIG. 2A, the slurry S is in a liquid state (indicated by Sa) in the evaporating section A, but is concentrated in the enriching section B as shown in (b) (indicated by Sb). Then, in the drying section C, as shown in (c), it is almost solidified and adheres to the panel surface.
[0028]
The dried and solidified material K attached to the panel surface in the drying section C of each vertical heating panel 1 as described above is scraped off by the scraping pieces 16 when the scraping pieces 16 of the scraper 10 move up and down, and It falls on the upper panel surface of the laid-down heating panel 1 horizontally arranged below the shaped heating panel 1. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 22 denotes an inclined guide plate for guiding the dried and solidified material K falling from the vertical heating panel 1 onto the upper panel surface of the lying heating panel 1. The dried solidified material K that has fallen on the upper panel surface of the laid-up heating panel 1 is pushed from the left to the right in FIG. It is thrown into.
[0029]
The scraper 16 of the scraper 10 provided on the laid-down heating panel 1 is swingably attached to the drive chain 14, and the steam supply pipe 5 and the steam discharge pipe at both ends of the heating panel 1 are provided. At the tube 6, it is designed to bend sufficiently with respect to the drive chain 14 over these tubes 5, 6 and when traveling on the lower panel surface of the heating panel 1.
[0030]
On the panel surface of the laid-down heating panel 1, not only the dried solidified material K from the standing-shaped heating panel 1 but also the liquid slurry Sa or the concentrated slurry Sb flows down. The slurries Sa and Sb are dried and solidified while being transferred on the panel surface of the laid-down heating panel 1, transferred by the scraping pieces 16 of the scraper 10, and thrown into the container 12. . As shown in FIG. 3, the laid-down heating panel 1 has a steam supply pipe 5 at a left end thereof and a steam discharge pipe 6 at a right end thereof.
[0031]
According to the above-described evaporative drying apparatus, first, since the treatment is performed in the closed casing 9, the supplied slurry S, the powder of the dried solid K scraped off by the scraper 10, and the like do not scatter around. , Work environment is good. Then, the evaporation drying process of the slurry S can be efficiently performed in a short time by using the plurality of vertical arrangement heating panels 1. Further, since the laid-down heating panel 1 is disposed below the vertical-positioned heating panel 1, the dried and solidified material K adhered to the panel surface of the vertical-positioned heating panel 1 and scraped off by the scraper 10 is removed. The slurry S that has been received and discharged by the laid-down heating panel 1 can be evaporated and dried in the same manner as the vertical-arranged heating panel 1 while the slurry S flowing down on the panel surface of the laid-down heating panel 1 can be used. Therefore, a large amount of slurry S can be effectively treated in a short time. Further, the plurality of heating panels 1 can be arranged compactly, and the entire apparatus can be downsized.
[0032]
6 to 9 show specific structural examples of the scraper 10. FIG. As described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the scraper 10 is hung on the sprocket 13 arranged near both ends of the heating panel 1, and the scrape 10 is formed along the two panel surfaces of the heating panel 1. A drive chain 14 that moves in the longitudinal direction, and a scraping piece 16 that is attached to the drive chain 14 via an attachment member 15 and that slides along the ridges 2 and 3 on the panel surface to scrape dry and solidified material K. Consists of
[0033]
First, in the scraper 10 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the mounting member 15 for attaching the scraping pieces 16 to the drive chain 14 is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the pair of drive chains 14 on both right and left sides of the heating panel 1. And a support shaft 24 that is horizontally connected to the drive chain 14 via a receiving bracket 23, and is interposed between the support shaft 24 and the scraping piece 16 so that the scraping pieces 16 A plurality of coil springs 25 for elastically pressing against the parts 2 and 3 are provided. Each coil spring 25 is fixed to the small-diameter tube 26 fixed to the support shaft 24, fixed to the scraping piece 16, and expands and contracts to the small-diameter tube 26. It is fitted over the large-diameter pipe 27 that fits freely. Therefore, according to the scraper 10, the scraping pieces 16 are constantly engaged with the ridges 2, 3 on the panel surface by the urging force of the coil spring 25, and the movement of the drive chain 14 causes the panel surface to be engaged. The dried and solidified material K is scraped off while sliding along the concave and convex strips 2 and 3. The scraper 10 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is used for a vertical heating panel 1.
[0034]
The attachment member 15 of the scraper 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 includes a support shaft 24 that is horizontally connected to the drive chain 14 via a receiving bracket 23, a bracket 28 fixed to several portions of the support shaft 24, One end of each of the brackets 28 is pivotally mounted, and a plurality of tilting swing levers 29 that fix and attach the scraping pieces 16 to the tips, and the tip of the respective tilting swing levers 29 and the support shaft 24. A plurality of coil springs 25 are stretched between them and elastically press the scraping pieces 16 against the ridges 2 and 3 of the heating panel 1. Accordingly, the scraper 16 is engaged with the ridges 2 and 3 on the panel surface while being constantly pressed by the coil spring 25, and slides along the ridges 2 and 3 on the panel surface by the movement of the drive chain 14. While drying, the dried solid K is scraped off. The scraper 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is used, for example, for the laid-down heating panel 1 of the evaporative dryer shown in FIG.
[0035]
According to the scraper 10 as described above, the scraper 16 is always elastically pressed against the uneven ridges 2 and 3 on the panel surface of the heating panel 1 by the spring 25, so that the scraper 16 is smoothly moved along the uneven ridges 2 and 3. And the dried and solidified material K can be reliably scraped off. The scraper 10 not only scrapes off the dried solidified material K attached to or being attached to the panel surface, but also scrapes the dried solidified material K from the vertical heating panel 1 and drops on the panel surface of the laying heating panel 1. The solidified material K is transferred.
[0036]
FIGS. 11 and 12 show a modification of the evaporative drying apparatus of FIGS. 3 to 5 described above. In the evaporative drying apparatus shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the heating panel 1 in a state in which the uneven ridges 2 and 3 are laid down so as to extend in the horizontal direction is provided only one step below the plurality of heating panels 1 arranged in a vertical shape. The evaporative drying apparatus of FIGS. 11 and 12 is different from the evaporative drying apparatus of FIGS. 3 to 5 in that the laid-down heating panels 1 are arranged in two stages. .
[0037]
In the evaporative drying apparatus shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, as can be seen from FIG. 10, the scraper 10 mounted on the upper heating panel 1 has a scraper 16 in which the upper surface of the heating panel 1 is positioned on the right side of the drawing. After moving from left to right, the lower surface side is moved from left to right, and while moving on the upper surface side, the dried solidified material K on the upper surface of the heating panel 1 is transferred, or the dried solidified material adhered to the upper surface thereof The object K is transported and scraped while scraping. In addition, the scraper 10 provided in the lower heating panel 1 has the scraper 16 moved in the opposite direction to the upper side, and after moving the upper surface side of the heating panel 1 from left to right in the figure. The lower surface side is moved from right to left to orbit, and the dried and solidified material K on the upper surface of the heating panel 1 is transferred while moving on the upper surface side.
[0038]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, the dried and solidified material K on the upper heating panel 1 scraped off by the upper scraper 10 falls from the left end of the upper heating panel 1 onto the lower heating panel 1, and The dried solidified material K on the side heating panel 1 is pushed from the left end to the right end while being scraped off by the lower scraper 10, and is thrown into the dry solidified material loading container 12.
[0039]
On the panel surface of the upper heating panel 1, not only the dried solidified material K from the upper vertical heating panel 1 but also the liquid slurry Sa or the concentrated slurry Sb flows down. Is dried and solidified while being transferred on the panel surface of the upper heating panel 1, scraped and transferred by the scraper 10, dropped on the lower heating panel 1, and put into the container 12 by the lower scraper 10. Is done. As shown in FIG. 10, the upper heating panel 1 has a steam supply pipe 5 at the right end, a steam discharge pipe 6 at the left end, and a lower heating panel 1 at the left end. The steam supply pipe 5 is located at the right side, and the steam discharge pipe 6 is located at the right end. The slurry S can be discharged and supplied from the slurry supply port 30 located above the right end of the upper heating panel 1.
[0040]
FIGS. 12 to 14 show a heating panel 1 in a state in which the ridges 2 and 3 are laid down in a closed casing 9 so as to extend in the horizontal direction. A steam supply pipe 5 is provided at one end of the heating panel 1 of the stage, a steam exhaust pipe 6 is provided at the other end, and a scraper for scraping off the dried and solidified material K attached to the upper panel surface is provided at the heating panel 1 of each stage. In addition, a slurry supply port 30 for pouring the slurry S on the upper panel surface is provided above the heating panel 1 in each stage. The scraper 10 and other components are the same as those of the above-described evaporative dryer. In FIG. 13, reference numeral 32 denotes a motor which is a driving source of the scraper 10.
[0041]
In this evaporative drying apparatus, as can be seen from FIG. 12, the scrapers 10 of the heating panel 1 of each stage except for the scraper 10 at the lowermost stage apply the scraping pieces 16 to one end of the upper panel surface of the heating panel 1 (steam). The scraper 10 is moved from the side where the supply pipe 5 is provided) to the other side (the side where the steam discharge pipe 6 is provided). Is moved from the other end to one end.
[0042]
Thus, the slurry S supplied from the slurry supply port 30 to the upper panel surface of each of the first to third heating panels 1 is swept to the left by the scraper 10 as shown in FIG. In the meantime, it is heated on the upper panel surface of the heating panel 1, concentrated and dried, dropped from the left end of each heating panel 1 onto the upper panel surface of the lowermost heating panel 1, and furthermore, The upper panel surface of the heating panel 1 is completely dried while being pushed rightward by the scraper 10. Finally, the heating panel 1 is dropped from the right end into the container 12 for charging dried and solidified matter.
[0043]
In addition, the heating panel 1 of each stage other than the lowermost stage may be arranged in a slightly inclined state in which the left end side provided with the steam discharge pipe 6 is slightly lowered. May be arranged in a slightly downwardly inclined state.
[0044]
According to the evaporative drying apparatus of FIGS. 12 to 14 described above, since the treatment is performed in the closed casing 9 similarly to the evaporative drying apparatus of FIGS. 3 to 5 and the evaporative drying apparatuses of FIGS. And the powder of the dried and solidified material K do not scatter around, improving the working environment. Also, the slurry S can be surely and effectively evaporated and dried by the heating panels 1 of each stage. Are arranged substantially horizontally, so that the entire apparatus can be made compact, relatively bulky and small. Further, since the structure is simple, it can be easily manufactured and provided at a low cost.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
According to the evaporative drying device of the invention according to claim 1, the heating panel, which is the main body of the device, has a panel shape, and alternately includes convex and concave portions extending linearly on both panel surfaces. The structure is formed in parallel with the steam passage formed inside each ridge, so that the apparatus can be more compact than the conventional one. In addition, the heating area is increased by the ridges on the panel surface as compared with the case where the panel surface is flat. In addition, unlike the case where pipes are simply arranged in a raft, there is no corner to which the dried and solidified matter adheres, so that maintenance becomes easy.
[0046]
According to the evaporative drying device of the second aspect of the present invention, the heating panel has a steam supply pipe for supplying heating steam to one end of each steam passage, and steam discharged from the other end of each steam passage in one direction. The provision of the steam discharge pipe allows the supply and discharge of the heated steam to be facilitated and the structure of the heating panel to be made compact.
[0047]
According to the third aspect of the invention, since the heating panel is provided with the scraper, it is possible to effectively scrape off the dried and solidified slurry such as sludge adhered to the panel surface.
[0048]
According to the evaporative drying device of the invention according to claim 4, since each convex portion of the heating panel is formed so as to have an alternate phase on both panel surfaces of the heating panel, a large heating area can be obtained. Heating efficiency can be improved.
[0049]
According to the evaporative dryer of the invention according to claim 5, each of the ridges of the heating panel has, on both sides of a flat plate, a half-split pipe obtained by dividing a pipe vertically into two or a member similar thereto at regular intervals. In the case where the heating panel is fixed, the heating panel can be easily manufactured, and the cost can be reduced.
[0050]
According to the evaporative drying device of the invention according to claim 6, the scraper is hung on the sprockets arranged near both ends of the heating panel, and moves in the longitudinal direction of the uneven strip along both panel surfaces of the heating panel. The drive chain, and a scraper attached to the drive chain via a mounting member and sliding along the uneven ridges on the panel surface to scrape dry and solidified material. In a simple manner, the dried and solidified matter adhered to the panel surface can be effectively scraped off.
[0051]
According to the evaporative drying device of the invention according to the seventh aspect, when the mounting member of the scraper is provided with a spring that elastically presses the scraping piece against the uneven strip on the panel surface, the scraping piece is formed by the spring. Is always elastically pressed against the uneven ridges on the panel surface of the heating panel, so that it can slide smoothly along the uneven ridges, and can surely scrape dry and solidified material, and come into contact with the panel surface Wear of the scraper tip is reduced, and there is no risk of damaging the panel surface.
[0052]
According to the evaporative drying apparatus of the invention according to claim 8, since the treatment is performed in the closed casing, the slurry such as the supplied sludge or the powder of the dry solidified substance scraped off by the scraper does not scatter around. , Work environment is good. Then, the plurality of vertical heating panels can efficiently perform the evaporation and drying of the slurry in a short time. In addition, since the laying heating panel is arranged below the vertical heating panel, the dried and solidified material that adheres to the panel surface of the vertical heating panel and is scraped off by the scraper is received by the laying heating panel. And the slurry that has flowed down on the panel surface of the laid-down heating panel can be subjected to an evaporative drying treatment in the same manner as the vertical arrangement heating panel. Therefore, a large amount of slurry can be effectively treated in a short time. Further, a plurality of heating panels can be arranged compactly, and the entire apparatus can be downsized.
[0053]
According to the evaporative dryer of the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the treatment is performed in the closed casing, the slurry and the powder of the dried solid do not scatter around, the working environment is improved, and the slurry is removed. The stepwise heating panels can ensure and effectively evaporate and dry, and since all the heating panels are arranged substantially horizontally, the whole apparatus can be made compact and relatively bulky and small. Further, since the structure is simple, it can be easily manufactured and provided at a low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a front view showing an embodiment of an evaporative drying apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the evaporative drying apparatus.
2 (a) is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 1 (a), FIG. 2 (b) is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line RO, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view of an evaporative drying apparatus configured more specifically by using a plurality of heating panels of FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view of the evaporative drying device.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view of the evaporative drying device.
FIGS. 6A and 6B show an example of a scraper, wherein FIG. 6A is a side view, FIG. 6B is a view as viewed from an arrow d in FIG. 6A, and FIG. 6C is a view as viewed from an arrow e in FIG. is there.
7 (a) is a front view and FIG. 7 (b) is a vertical sectional side view, which is the same as the scraper of FIG.
8A and 8B show another example of the scraper, wherein FIG. 8A is a side view, FIG. 8B is a view as seen from the arrow in FIG. 7A, and FIG. 8C is a view as seen from the arrow in FIG. .
FIG. 9 is the same as the scraper of FIG. 8, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a vertical side view.
FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional front view of an evaporative drying apparatus according to another embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional side view of the evaporative drying device.
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional front view of an evaporative drying apparatus according to still another embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional plan view of the evaporative drying device.
FIG. 14 is a vertical sectional side view of the evaporative drying device.
FIGS. 15A and 15B are plan views showing a production example of a heating panel.
FIG. 16 is a view showing a main part of a conventional tubular evaporative drying and solidifying apparatus.
FIG. 17 is a view showing a main part of a conventional container-type evaporative drying and solidifying apparatus.
FIG. 18 is a view showing a main part of a conventional parallel disk type evaporative drying and solidifying apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 heating panel
2 ridges
3 concave stripes
4 Steam passage
5 Steam supply pipe
6 steam discharge pipe
11 Slurry spray nozzle
10 Scraper
13 Sprocket
14 Drive chain
15 Mounting member
16 scraping pieces
25 spring
30 Slurry supply port

Claims

A heating panel is provided on both panel surfaces, in which convex ridges and concave ridges extending linearly are formed alternately and in parallel, and a steam passage is formed inside each convex ridge. An evaporative drying device that supplies sludge such as sludge to the panel surface of the panel to evaporate and dry.

2. The heating panel according to claim 1, further comprising: a steam supply pipe for supplying heating steam to one end of each steam passage; and a steam discharge pipe for discharging steam from the other end of each steam passage in one direction. 3. The evaporative drying device according to item 1.

The evaporative drying apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a scraper for scraping off dried and solidified slurry such as sludge attached to the panel surface of the heating panel.

The evaporative drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of the ridges of the heating panel is formed so as to have an alternate phase on both panel surfaces of the heating panel.

Each ridge portion of the heating panel is formed by fixing a half-pipe material obtained by dividing a pipe material into two vertically or a member similar thereto at regular intervals on both sides of a flat plate at regular intervals, and forming an adjacent half-pipe material or The evaporative drying device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a concave ridge portion is formed between similar members.

The scraper is hung on a sprocket arranged near both ends of the heating panel, and moves in the longitudinal direction of the uneven portion along both panel surfaces of the heating panel. The evaporative drying apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising: a scraper attached to the panel, and slid along the uneven portion of the panel surface to scrape off the dried and solidified material.

7. The evaporative drying apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a spring for elastically pressing the scraping pieces against the uneven ridges on the panel surface is provided on the mounting member of the scraper.

In a closed casing, a plurality of the heating panels in a state where the ridge portions extend vertically extend are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction, and unevenness is provided below the heating panels in the vertical configuration. The heating panels in a state of being laid down so that the strips extend in a substantially horizontal direction are arranged in one stage or in a plurality of stages up and down, and each standing arrangement heating panel is equipped with a scraper for scraping dry and solidified material on both left and right panel surfaces. The laying heating panel is equipped with a scraper that scrapes dry solidified material from the top panel side.Each vertical panel has a steam supply pipe at the upper end and a steam exhaust pipe at the lower end. The evaporative drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a slurry spray nozzle for spraying a slurry such as sludge on both panel surfaces is provided on an upper end side of each heating panel.

In the hermetically sealed casing, the heating panels in a state of being laid down so that the ridges and projections extend in a substantially horizontal direction are arranged in a plurality of steps vertically, and a steam supply pipe is provided at one end of each heating panel, and steam is discharged at the other end. A pipe is provided, each heating panel is equipped with a scraper to scrape dry solidified material on the upper panel side, and a slurry supply port for pouring slurry such as sludge is provided on the upper panel side above each heating panel. The evaporative drying device according to claim 1.