JP2004237243A - Ground water cleaning system - Google Patents

Ground water cleaning system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004237243A
JP2004237243A JP2003031106A JP2003031106A JP2004237243A JP 2004237243 A JP2004237243 A JP 2004237243A JP 2003031106 A JP2003031106 A JP 2003031106A JP 2003031106 A JP2003031106 A JP 2003031106A JP 2004237243 A JP2004237243 A JP 2004237243A
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Japan
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groundwater
water
solid nutrient
solid
nutrient
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JP2003031106A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4513261B2 (en
Inventor
Yoshitaka Ito
善孝 伊藤
Keiichi Suzuki
圭一 鈴木
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • Y02W10/12

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  • Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the adverse effect caused by adding excessive nutritive salts to ground water and to grow and activate mcroorganisms to efficiently clean the ground water. <P>SOLUTION: This ground water clean system is equipped with a water permeable solid nutritive salt applying body 10 mainly comprising a 6 or above C carboxylic acid or a 12 or above C alcohol and nutrive salts are applied to microorganisms in ground water from the solid nutritive salt applying body 10 embedded in the ground to accelerate the decomposition of an organochlorine compound due to the propagation and activation of microorganisms. Since the solubility of the solid nutritive salt applying body 10 to water is low, the nutritive salts are gradually dissolved in water not only to prevent the adverse effect due to the excessive nutritive salts but also to stably supply nutritive salts over a long period of time. As a result, the decomposition (reductive dechlorinating reaction) of the organochlorine compound due to the activation of microorganisms is accelerated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、汚染地下水の生物学的浄化に係り、窒素化合物及びトリクロロエチレン、テトラクロロエチレンなどの有機塩素系化合物で汚染された地下水の浄化システムに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の地下水浄化方法およびシステムに関しては、各種のものが提案され、知られている。例えば、地中の地下水を揚水ポンプで揚水し、この揚水した地下水に地上の装置によって、微生物、栄養塩(例えば窒素化合物、リン酸塩である硝酸カリウム、リン酸2水素化カリウム 炭酸ナトリウム等の無機栄養塩類)、を付与し、この地下水を再び地中に注水して有機塩素系化合物の汚染された地下水の浄化を行う方法がある(例えば、特許文献1および2)。
また、複数種類の有用微生物からなる有用微生物群、この有用微生物群の栄養塩(鉄、コバルト等の重金属)、有用微生物群の繁殖を補助する基質を含有する透水性の処理層(成形体)を形成し、この地中に埋設した処理層中で、汚染された地下水の浄化を行う方法がある(例えば、特許文献3)。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平9−10752号公報(第6〜7頁、第1図)
【特許文献2】
特開平9−253688号公報(第4頁、第1図)
【特許文献3】
特開平11−333493号公報(第4〜6頁、第1図)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来の地下水の浄化方法、システムおいては、揚水した地下水にまたは地中に形成した処理層に含有させた従来の栄養塩類では水に対する溶解度が大きすぎ、供給する栄養塩の地下水への溶出が早く過剰な栄養塩の付与と、さらに長期的な安定した栄養塩の付与ができない。このため前記過剰栄養塩よる特に湖沼や内海などの閉鎖系の水系でのプランクトン、藻、赤潮の異常発生をまねく課題があった。
また、地下水を揚水ポンプで揚水し、この揚水した地下水に地上の装置によって、微生物等とともに、栄養塩を付与し、この地下水を再び地中に注水するシステムにおいては、栄養塩の供給量のバラツキによる過剰栄養化の恐れがあるとともに、システムの複雑化をまねく課題があった。
【0005】
本発明は、前記従来の課題を解決するもので、地下水中への過剰な栄養塩の付与による悪影響を防止し、さらに生息する微生物を増殖、活性化させて効率的に地下水の浄化を行うとともに地上に備える構成を簡略化した地下水浄化システムを提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達するために、本発明は、炭素数が6以上のカルボン酸を主成分または炭素数が12以上のアルコールを主成分とした透水性を有する固体栄養塩付与体を備え、地下水中の嫌気性微生物に地中に埋設した固体栄養塩付与体からの栄養塩を付与して、前記嫌気性微生物の活性化による有機塩素系化合物の分解(還元的脱塩素化反応)を促進するもので、固体栄養塩付与体は水に対する溶解度が小さく、従って栄養塩は水に対して徐々に溶解することになり、富栄養塩化による様々な悪影響を防止することができるとともに長期間栄養塩を安定して供給することができる。
【0007】
さらに前記嫌気性微生物の活性化による有機塩素系化合物の分解(還元的脱塩素化反応)を促進することができる。また地上に備える構成の簡略化を図ることができる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
請求項1記載の発明は、炭素数が6以上のカルボン酸を主成分または炭素数が12以上のアルコールを主成分とした透水性を有する固体栄養塩付与体を備え、地下水中の微生物に地中に埋設した固体栄養塩付与体からの栄養塩を付与して、前記微生物の活性化による有機塩素系化合物の分解を促進するもので、固体栄養塩付与体は水に対する溶解度が小さく、従って栄養塩は水に対して徐々に溶解することになり、富栄養塩化による様々な悪影響を防止することができるとともに長期間栄養塩を安定して供給することができる。
【0009】
さらに微生物の活性化による有機塩素系化合物の分解を促進することができる。また地上に備える構成の簡略化を図ることができる。
【0010】
請求項2記載の発明は、地下水を、透水性を有する固体栄養塩付与体に注水するもので、注水のための穴を別途掘削する必要がなく、固体栄養塩付与体内の過剰栄養塩化と目詰まりを防止することができる。
【0011】
請求項3記載の発明は、地下水を固体栄養塩付与体の下方から注水するもので、地中の透水帯により近傍から注水することによって、効果的に固体栄養塩付与体に下方から注水することにより、効率的に地下水の循環を図ることができ、固体栄養塩付与体は徐々に溶解し、嫌気性菌の活動が促進され、地下水の嫌気性化が図れる。
【0012】
請求項4記載の発明は、複数の固体栄養塩付与体を併設して一体化したもので、個々の固体栄養塩付与体を小形に製作することができ、また実施状況に応じて固体栄養塩付与体の全体の必要サイズを任意に選択することができる。
【0013】
請求項5記載の発明は、揚水井戸と固体栄養塩付与体間の一定の汚染範囲に強制的な地下水流を発生させたもので、地下水の自然の流れが無いか非常に少ない状況等においても、地下水に固体栄養塩付与体から安定して栄養塩を供給することができる。
【0014】
請求項6記載の発明は、炭素数が6以上のカルボン酸を主成分または炭素数が12以上のアルコールを主成分とした固体栄養塩付与体は、地下水流により窒素化合物の浄化機能を有することにより、土壌中の嫌気性菌の活動促進によって、嫌気状態をつくりだし、地下水の浄化を促進することができる。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の地下水浄化システムの実施例について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
(実施例1)
本発明の実施例1を、図1〜図4を参照しながら説明する。図1(a)は本実施例1に係る地下水浄化システムの一例を示す断面図、図1(b)は図1(a)の平面配置図、図2(a)は他の例を示す断面図、図2(b)は図2(a)の平面配置図、図3(a)〜(e)は固体栄養塩付与体の斜視図、図4は固体栄養塩付与体への注水状態を示す斜視図である。
【0016】
図1(a)(b)において、地中1を掘削し、ここに固体栄養塩付与体10を埋設している。この固体栄養塩付与体10から一定距離をおいて揚水井戸3を形成し、この中に揚水管4を位置させてポンプ5で地下水を汲み上げる。6は貯留タンクで、ポンプ5で汲み上げた地下水を貯留し、ここで貯留した地下水は注水管7を介して、固体栄養塩付与体10に注水され、注水された地下水は、透水性を有する固体栄養塩付与体10を通って地中の地下水に戻す。
固体栄養塩付与体10は、地下水の流れのある地下水流帯に接触するように埋設し、また揚水井戸3は固体栄養塩付与体10の地下水流の下流側に設けられている。図中の実線矢印は揚水および注水の流れ方向を示し、破線矢印は地下水の流れ方向を示す。
【0017】
固体栄養塩付与体10は水に対する溶解度が小さく、従って栄養塩は水に対して徐々に溶解することになり、富栄養塩化による様々な悪影響を防止することができるとともに長期間栄養塩を安定して供給することができる。さらに、自然条件下で生息する嫌気性微生物の活性化による有機塩素系化合物の分解(還元的脱塩素化反応)を促進することができる。また、地上に備える構成の簡略化を図ることができる。
【0018】
また、地下水流中の一部から揚水した地下水の注水により、固体栄養塩付与体10から嫌気性微生物への栄養塩がより安定して供給されるとともに地中(B)2の土壌、地下水に栄養塩を広く拡散させることができる。また固体栄養塩付与体10の目詰まりを防止することができる。
【0019】
また、図2(a)(b)に示す実施例は、揚水井戸3を中央部にしてこの周囲に複数の固体栄養塩付与体10を配置したものである。図2(a)(b)に示すように、中央部に設けた揚水井戸3の周囲に複数の固体栄養塩付与体10を配置し、揚水井戸3の揚水管4からポンプ5で地下水を汲み上げる。
貯留タンク6でポンプ5が汲み上げた地下水を貯留し、ここで貯留した地下水は注水管7を介して、固体栄養塩付与体10に注水され、注水された地下水は、透水性を有する複数の固体栄養塩付与体10を通って地中の地下水に戻す。また、揚水井戸3に地下水のレベルセンサ(図示せず)を設置し、揚水ポンプ5は地下水位に応じて自動的に運転、停止をさせてもよい。
【0020】
尚、図1に示す実施例において、複数の揚水井戸3と固体栄養塩付与体10とを一定距離をおいて平行に対向させて配置し、上記した動作と同様に循環させても、揚水井戸3と固体栄養塩付与体10間の一定の汚染範囲に強制的な地下水流を発生させてもよい(図示せず)。
これにより、地下水の自然の流れが無いか非常に少ない状況等において、揚水井戸3と固体栄養塩付与体10間の一定の汚染範囲に強制的な地下水流を発生させるとともに、揚水井戸3と固体栄養塩付与体10間の土壌、地下水に固体栄養塩付与体10から嫌気性微生物への栄養塩が供給されるとともに、地中の土壌、地下水に自然条件下で生息する嫌気性微生物を増殖、嫌気性微生物を活性化させて効率的に有機塩素系化合物の分解(還元的脱塩素化反応)を促進し、地下水の浄化を行うことができる。
【0021】
次に、本発明の実施例における固体栄養塩付与体10の材料組成、構成例を図3に示す。固体栄養塩付与体10は、炭素数が6以上のカルボン酸を主成分または炭素数が12以上のアルコールを主成分としたものである。
【0022】
本発明に用いる固体栄養塩付与体10のカルボン酸としては、炭素数が6以上であることが必須であり、炭素数が6未満では水に対する溶解度が大きすぎ、短期間でその形状をとどめなくなり、一時的な過剰な栄養塩の付与と、さらに長期的な安定した栄養塩の付与ができないことから好ましくない。
また、炭素数の上限は特に設ける必要はないが、工業的に大量に入手可能な材料としては炭素数18程度と考えられるが、炭素数が18以下のものに限られるものではないことはいうまでもない。
また、本実施の形態に用いるカルボン酸は直鎖状構造を有し、さらには飽和モノカルボン酸であることが好ましい。
【0023】
また、本発明に用いる固体栄養塩付与体10のアルコールとしては、炭素数が12以上であることが必須であり、炭素数が12未満では水に対する溶解度が大きすぎ、短期間でその形状をとどめなくなり、一時的な過剰な栄養塩の付与と、さらに長期的な安定した栄養塩の付与ができないことから好ましくない。炭素数の上限は特に設ける必要はないが、工業的に大量に入手可能な材料としては炭素数20程度と考えられる。ただ、本発明におけるアルコールは炭素数20以下のものに限定されるものではない。
【0024】
前記カルボン酸やアルコールは、粒状体に形成するかまたは、主成分であるカルボン酸やアルコールをセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレングリコール等の生体親和性の高い材料を用いた坦体に坦持させ、坦持体として用いることができる。カルボン酸やアルコールを成形するためには、物質の融点以上に加熱した状態で金型などに挿入後、冷却固化させる方法などの通常の方法で容易になしうる(これらの基本的な構成等は特許第3298562号公報に記載されている)。
【0025】
これらは、例えば粒径が1から3mmの粒状体、板状や棒状体としての成形品またはカルボン酸やアルコールを通気性のあるウレタン体、連続発泡体、紐上または織布、不織布上に固定化(コーティング)する等の手段によって実用に供する成形品とすることができる。
さらに前記粒状体、坦持体等の成形品を内部へ水が進入可能な袋、もしくは箱に挿入して、地中に充填、埋設した状態で地下水を通過させるための透水性を有する固体栄養塩付与体10を構成するものである。
【0026】
次に固体栄養塩付与体10の構成例を図3(a)〜(e)で説明する。図3(a)および(b)は、坦持体を円状または多角形状の柱状体に成形したもので、(c)は、粒状体または一定の大きさに成形した多数の坦持体を、透水性を有する枠体1に収納して柱状体に構成したものある。
また、(d)のように板状に構成してもよく、さらに(e)に示すように、前記柱状体を複数用いてこれらを併設し一体化した固体栄養塩付与体10を構成してもよい。
特に、複数の固体栄養塩付与体10を併設して一体化したものは、個々の固体栄養塩付与体10を小形に製作することができ、実施状況に応じて固体栄養塩付与体10の全体の必要サイズを任意に選択することができる。また固体栄養塩付与体10は、透水性のあるフイルター、シート等で覆って地中に埋設してもよい。
尚、地中を掘削して形成した穴に前記粒状体、坦持体等の成形品を直接充填して固体栄養塩付与体10を構成してもよく、また充填する時に必要に応じて砂、砂利等を混入させてもよい。
【0027】
次に本発明の実施例における固体栄養塩付与体10への地下水供給の構成例を図4に示す。揚水した地下水を、固体栄養塩付与体10の下方から注水するもので、固体栄養塩付与体10の下方に設けた散水体8の開口9から注水するようにし、これによって固体栄養塩付与体10全体への均一な注水と地中の透水帯に対してより近傍から注水することで効果的に地下水の循環を図ることができる。また固体栄養塩付与体10の目詰まりを防止することができる。
【0028】
(実施例2)
次に本発明の実施例2に係る地下水浄化システムについて、図面を参照しながら説明する。図5(a)は本実施例2に係る地下水浄化システムの一例を示す断面図、図5(b)は固体栄養塩付与10へ窒素等の嫌気性をつくりだす構成を示す斜視図である。本実施例が実施例1と異なる点は、地中の固体栄養塩付与体に対して、外部から窒素等を、供給管13を介して地下水に供給して嫌気性処理を行う点である。
図5(a)(b)において、地下水の流れのある地下水流帯に接触するように地中1を掘削し、ここに固体栄養塩付与体10を埋設している。
この固体栄養塩付与体10の下方に位置して多数の噴出口15を有する散気管14を設けて、散気管14に供給管13を介して気体供給ポンプ12から窒素(嫌気性手段)を供給する。この窒素は噴出口15から固体栄養塩付与体10内に流入して、固体栄養塩付与体10内を通過する地下水と接触させて嫌気性状態の環境をつくるものである。
固体栄養塩付与体10上方に捕集体16を設け、管路17を介してこの嫌気性菌から代謝されるガスを処理する有機溶剤処理装置18に連結している。固体栄養塩付与体10は実施例1の場合と同様のものを用いているものである。
本実施例2においても、実施例1と同様の効果が得られるもので、地下水に固体栄養塩付与体10から分解微生物への栄養塩が供給されるとともに、固体栄養塩付与体10を通過する地下水に窒素を接触させて、嫌気性処理を行って嫌気性化を図り、地中の土壌、地下水に自然条件下で生息する微生物を増殖、活性化させて効率的に地下水の浄化を行うことができる。
さらに、炭素数が6以上のカルボン酸を主成分または炭素数が12以上のアルコールを主成分とした固体栄養塩付与体10を地中に充填、埋設することによって、固体栄養塩付与体10は水に対する溶解度が小さく、従って栄養塩は水に対して徐々に溶解することになり、富栄養塩化による様々な悪影響を防止することができるとともに長期間栄養塩を安定して供給することができる。
また、本実施例において、地下水中の微生物に、固体栄養塩付与体10からの富栄養塩化の防止を図りつつ長期間栄養塩を安定して供給するとともに、嫌気性処理手段により分解微生物の活性化によるPCB、トリクロロエチレンなどの有機塩素系化合物の分解を促進することができる。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明は、固体栄養塩付与体は水に対する溶解度が小さく、これによって栄養塩は水に対して徐々に溶解することになり、過剰栄養塩化による様々な悪影響を防止することができるとともに長期間栄養塩を安定して供給し、嫌気性微生物の増殖、嫌気性微生物の活性化による有機塩素系化合物の分解(還元的脱塩素化反応)を促進することができる。また地上に備える構成の簡略化を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(a)本発明の実施例1に係る地下水浄化システムを示す断面図
(b)同平面配置図
【図2】(a)本発明の実施例1に係る地下水浄化システムの他の例を示す断面図
(b)同平面配置図
【図3】(a)〜(e)本発明の実施例1に係る地下水浄化システムの固体栄養塩付与体の斜視図
【図4】本発明の実施例1に係る地下水浄化システムの固体栄養塩付与体への注水状態を示す斜視図
【図5】(a)本発明の実施例2に係る地下水浄化方法を示す断面図
(b)固体栄養塩付与2へ窒素を供給する構成をす斜視図
【符号の説明】
1 地中
2 地中(B)
3 揚水井戸
4 揚水管
5 ポンプ
6 貯留タンク
7 注水管
8 散水体
9 開口
10 固体栄養塩付与体
12 気体供給ポンプ
13 供給管
14 散気管
15 噴出口
16 捕集体
17 管路
18 有機溶剤処理装置
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to biological purification of contaminated groundwater, and more particularly to a purification system for groundwater contaminated with nitrogen compounds and organochlorine compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various conventional groundwater purification methods and systems have been proposed and known. For example, groundwater in the ground is pumped by a pump, and the groundwater is pumped by microorganisms and nutrients (eg, nitrogen compounds, potassium nitrate phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium carbonate, etc.). There is a method of purifying groundwater contaminated with an organochlorine compound by injecting the groundwater again into the ground (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
Further, a water-permeable treatment layer (molded body) containing a useful microorganism group comprising a plurality of useful microorganisms, nutrients of the useful microorganism group (heavy metals such as iron and cobalt), and a substrate for assisting the propagation of the useful microorganism group. There is a method of purifying contaminated groundwater in a treatment layer buried underground (for example, Patent Document 3).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-10752 (pages 6 and 7, FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-9-253688 (page 4, FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-11-333493 (pages 4 to 6, FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional groundwater purification method and system, the conventional nutrients contained in the pumped groundwater or the treatment layer formed in the ground have too high solubility in water, and the nutrients to be supplied to the groundwater are The elution of the nutrients is rapid, and the application of an excessive nutrient salt and the long-term stable supply of the nutrient salt cannot be performed. For this reason, there has been a problem of causing abnormal occurrence of plankton, algae, and red tide particularly in a closed water system such as a lake or inland sea due to the excessive nutrients.
Further, in a system in which groundwater is pumped by a water pump and nutrients are added to the pumped groundwater with microorganisms and the like by means of above-ground equipment and the groundwater is again injected into the ground, the supply amount of nutrients varies. There is a risk of over-nutrition due to the system, and there is a problem that complicates the system.
[0005]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and prevents the adverse effects caused by the application of excessive nutrients to groundwater, and furthermore, the microorganisms that inhabit and grow and activate the groundwater, thereby efficiently purifying the groundwater. It is an object of the present invention to provide a groundwater purification system with a simplified configuration provided on the ground.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a solid nutrient salt-imparting body having a water-permeability having a carboxylic acid having 6 or more carbon atoms as a main component or an alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms as a main component. The anaerobic microorganisms are provided with nutrients from a solid nutrient body buried in the ground to promote the decomposition of organic chlorine compounds (reductive dechlorination reaction) by the activation of the anaerobic microorganisms. The solid nutrient-providing body has low solubility in water, so the nutrients will gradually dissolve in water, which can prevent various adverse effects due to eutrophication and stabilize the nutrients for a long time. Can be supplied.
[0007]
Further, the decomposition of organic chlorine compounds (reductive dechlorination reaction) by the activation of the anaerobic microorganism can be promoted. In addition, the configuration provided on the ground can be simplified.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 includes a water-permeable solid nutrient salt-imparting body mainly composed of a carboxylic acid having 6 or more carbon atoms or an alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms, and is capable of reducing the presence of microorganisms in groundwater. A nutrient from the solid nutrient-imparting substance embedded therein is used to promote the decomposition of the organochlorine compound by activating the microorganism, and the solid nutrient-imparting substance has a low solubility in water, and thus has a low nutritional value. The salt gradually dissolves in water, so that various adverse effects due to eutrophication and salification can be prevented, and the nutrient can be stably supplied for a long period of time.
[0009]
Further, it is possible to promote the decomposition of the organochlorine compound by activating the microorganism. In addition, the configuration provided on the ground can be simplified.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 2 is for injecting groundwater into a solid nutrient body having water permeability, so that it is not necessary to drill a hole for water injection separately. Clogging can be prevented.
[0011]
The invention according to claim 3 is to inject groundwater from below the solid nutrient-imparting body, and to effectively inject water from below into the solid nutrient-imparting body by injecting water from near by the underground permeable zone. Thereby, the groundwater can be efficiently circulated, the solid nutrients are gradually dissolved, the activity of the anaerobic bacteria is promoted, and the anaerobic of the groundwater can be achieved.
[0012]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of solid nutrients are provided side by side and integrated, and individual solid nutrients can be manufactured in a small size. The entire required size of the application body can be arbitrarily selected.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 5 is to generate a forced groundwater flow in a certain contamination range between the pumping well and the solid nutrient applying body, and even in a situation where there is no or very little natural flow of the groundwater. In addition, a nutrient can be stably supplied to the groundwater from the solid nutrient-imparting body.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 6 is that the solid nutrient-providing body mainly composed of a carboxylic acid having 6 or more carbon atoms or an alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms has a function of purifying nitrogen compounds by groundwater flow. Thereby, an anaerobic state can be created by promoting the activity of anaerobic bacteria in the soil, and the purification of groundwater can be promoted.
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the groundwater purification system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Example 1)
First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a groundwater purification system according to the first embodiment, FIG. 1B is a plan layout view of FIG. 1A, and FIG. 2A is a cross-section illustrating another example. Fig. 2 (b) is a plan view of Fig. 2 (a), Figs. 3 (a) to 3 (e) are perspective views of the solid nutrient application body, and Fig. 4 is a state of water injection into the solid nutrient application body. FIG.
[0016]
1 (a) and 1 (b), an underground 1 is excavated, and a solid nutrient applying body 10 is buried therein. A pumping well 3 is formed at a certain distance from the solid nutrient applying body 10, a pumping pipe 4 is located in the pumping well 3, and groundwater is pumped up by a pump 5. Reference numeral 6 denotes a storage tank for storing groundwater pumped by a pump 5. The stored groundwater is injected into a solid nutrient applying body 10 via an injection pipe 7, and the injected groundwater is a solid having water permeability. It returns to underground groundwater through the nutrient body 10.
The solid nutrient body 10 is buried so as to be in contact with the groundwater flow zone where the groundwater flows, and the pumping well 3 is provided downstream of the solid nutrient body 10 in the groundwater flow. The solid arrows in the figure indicate the flow directions of pumping and injection, and the broken arrows indicate the flow direction of groundwater.
[0017]
The solid nutrient-providing body 10 has a low solubility in water, so that the nutrients gradually dissolve in water, which can prevent various adverse effects due to eutrophication and stabilize the nutrients for a long period of time. Can be supplied. Furthermore, the decomposition of organic chlorine compounds (reductive dechlorination reaction) by the activation of anaerobic microorganisms that live under natural conditions can be promoted. In addition, the configuration provided on the ground can be simplified.
[0018]
In addition, by injecting groundwater pumped from a part of the groundwater flow, nutrients to the anaerobic microorganisms are more stably supplied from the solid nutrient provider 10 and to the soil and groundwater of the underground (B) 2. It can spread nutrients widely. In addition, clogging of the solid nutritional supplement 10 can be prevented.
[0019]
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a plurality of solid nutrients 10 are arranged around the pumping well 3 at the center. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a plurality of solid nutrients 10 are arranged around a pumping well 3 provided in the center, and groundwater is pumped from a pumping pipe 4 of the pumping well 3 by a pump 5. .
The groundwater pumped up by the pump 5 is stored in the storage tank 6, and the stored groundwater is injected into the solid nutrient applying body 10 through the injection pipe 7, and the injected groundwater is made of a plurality of solids having water permeability. It returns to underground groundwater through the nutrient body 10. Further, a groundwater level sensor (not shown) may be installed in the pumping well 3, and the pump 5 may be automatically operated and stopped according to the groundwater level.
[0020]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, even if a plurality of pumping wells 3 and solid nutrients 10 are arranged to face each other in parallel at a certain distance and circulated in the same manner as the above-described operation, the pumping wells may be used. A forced groundwater flow may be generated in a certain contaminated area between the soil nutrient 3 and the solid nutrient applicator 10 (not shown).
Thus, in a situation where there is no or very little natural flow of the groundwater, a forced groundwater flow is generated in a certain contamination range between the pumping well 3 and the solid nutrient applying body 10, and the pumping well 3 and the solid The nutrients from the solid nutrient donor 10 to the anaerobic microorganisms are supplied from the solid nutrient donor 10 to the soil between the nutrient donors 10 and the groundwater, and the anaerobic microorganisms that live under natural conditions in the soil and groundwater underground are proliferated. By activating anaerobic microorganisms, it is possible to efficiently promote the decomposition of organic chlorinated compounds (reductive dechlorination reaction) and purify groundwater.
[0021]
Next, FIG. 3 shows a material composition and a configuration example of the solid nutritional supplement 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The solid nutrient 10 has a carboxylic acid having 6 or more carbon atoms as a main component or an alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms as a main component.
[0022]
As the carboxylic acid of the solid nutrient salt imparting substance 10 used in the present invention, it is essential that the number of carbon atoms is 6 or more. If the number of carbon atoms is less than 6, the solubility in water is too large, and the shape cannot be maintained in a short period of time. However, it is not preferable because it is impossible to provide a temporary excessive nutrient salt and to provide a long-term stable nutrient salt.
Although the upper limit of the number of carbon atoms is not particularly required, it is considered that a material which can be industrially obtained in large quantities has about 18 carbon atoms, but it is not limited to those having 18 or less carbon atoms. Not even.
The carboxylic acid used in the present embodiment has a linear structure, and is preferably a saturated monocarboxylic acid.
[0023]
In addition, the alcohol of the solid nutrient salt imparting body 10 used in the present invention must have at least 12 carbon atoms. If the number of carbon atoms is less than 12, the solubility in water is too large, and the shape of the alcohol is kept short. It is not preferable because it is impossible to provide a temporary excessive nutrient and a long-term stable nutrient. It is not necessary to set the upper limit of the number of carbon atoms, but it is considered that a material which can be industrially obtained in large quantities has about 20 carbon atoms. However, the alcohol in the present invention is not limited to those having 20 or less carbon atoms.
[0024]
The carboxylic acid or alcohol is formed in a granular form, or the carboxylic acid or alcohol as a main component is supported on a carrier using a material having high biocompatibility such as cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, or polyethylene glycol. It can be used as a carrier. In order to mold a carboxylic acid or an alcohol, it can be easily formed by a normal method such as a method of cooling and solidifying after insertion into a mold or the like while being heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the substance. Patent No. 3298562).
[0025]
These are, for example, granules having a particle size of 1 to 3 mm, molded products as plate-like or rod-like materials, or carboxylic acids and alcohols fixed on air-permeable urethane bodies, continuous foams, strings or woven fabrics, and nonwoven fabrics. It can be made into a molded product for practical use by means such as forming (coating).
Further, a solid nutrient having water permeability for inserting the molded article such as the granular material and the carrier into a bag or a box into which water can enter, and filling and burying the ground and passing groundwater into the ground. It constitutes the salt applying body 10.
[0026]
Next, a configuration example of the solid nutrient body 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show a carrier formed into a circular or polygonal column, and FIG. 3 (c) shows a granular or a large number of carriers formed into a certain size. Are housed in a frame 1 having water permeability to form a columnar body.
Further, the solid nutrient applying body 10 may be formed in a plate shape as shown in (d), and further, as shown in (e), a plurality of the columnar bodies are used, and these are juxtaposed and integrated. Is also good.
In particular, when a plurality of solid nutrient applying bodies 10 are provided side by side and integrated, individual solid nutrient applying bodies 10 can be manufactured in a small size. Can be arbitrarily selected. The solid nutrient body 10 may be embedded in the ground by covering it with a water-permeable filter, sheet, or the like.
The solid nutrient-providing body 10 may be formed by directly filling a molded article such as the above-mentioned granular material or carrier into a hole formed by excavating the ground. , Gravel or the like may be mixed.
[0027]
Next, FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of groundwater supply to the solid nutrient salt imparting body 10 in the embodiment of the present invention. The pumped groundwater is injected from below the solid nutrient body 10, and is injected from the opening 9 of the water sprinkling body 8 provided below the solid nutrient body 10, whereby the solid nutrient body 10 Groundwater can be circulated effectively by uniformly injecting water into the whole and injecting water from nearer to the underground permeable zone. In addition, clogging of the solid nutritional supplement 10 can be prevented.
[0028]
(Example 2)
Next, a groundwater purification system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a groundwater purification system according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a perspective view illustrating a configuration that creates anaerobic properties such as nitrogen in the solid nutrient application 10. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an anaerobic treatment is performed by supplying nitrogen or the like from the outside to the groundwater through the supply pipe 13 to the underground solid nutrient providing body.
5 (a) and 5 (b), the underground 1 is excavated so as to come into contact with a groundwater basin having a flow of groundwater, and a solid nutrient application body 10 is buried therein.
An air diffuser 14 having a number of spouts 15 is provided below the solid nutrient application body 10, and nitrogen (anaerobic means) is supplied to the air diffuser 14 from a gas supply pump 12 via a supply pipe 13. I do. This nitrogen flows into the solid nutrient body 10 from the jet port 15 and is brought into contact with groundwater passing through the solid nutrient body 10 to create an anaerobic environment.
A collecting body 16 is provided above the solid nutrient applying body 10 and is connected via a pipe 17 to an organic solvent processing apparatus 18 for processing gas metabolized from the anaerobic bacteria. The solid nutrient-providing body 10 uses the same one as in the case of the first embodiment.
Also in the second embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. The nutrient to the degrading microorganism is supplied from the solid nutrient-providing body 10 to the groundwater and passes through the solid nutrient-providing body 10. Nitrogen is brought into contact with groundwater, anaerobic treatment is performed by anaerobic treatment, and microorganisms that live under natural conditions in underground soil and groundwater are proliferated and activated to purify groundwater efficiently. Can be.
Furthermore, by filling and burying the solid nutrient-imparting body 10 mainly composed of a carboxylic acid having 6 or more carbon atoms or an alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms, The solubility in water is low, so that the nutrients gradually dissolve in the water, so that various adverse effects due to eutrophication can be prevented and the nutrients can be stably supplied for a long period of time.
In this embodiment, nutrients are stably supplied to the microorganisms in the groundwater for a long period of time while preventing eutrophication from the solid nutrient-providing body 10. Decomposition of organic chlorinated compounds such as PCB and trichloroethylene due to chemical conversion can be promoted.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, the solid nutrient salt imparting body has a low solubility in water, whereby the nutrient salt gradually dissolves in water, and can prevent various adverse effects due to excessive nutrient chloride. It is possible to stably supply nutrients for a long period of time and promote the growth of anaerobic microorganisms and the decomposition of organic chlorinated compounds (reductive dechlorination reaction) by activating anaerobic microorganisms. In addition, the configuration provided on the ground can be simplified.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A is a cross-sectional view showing a groundwater purification system according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2B is a plan view of the same; FIG. 2A is another groundwater purification system according to the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 (a) to FIG. 3 (e) are perspective views of a solid nutrient application body of the groundwater purification system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing a state of injecting water into a solid nutrient imparting body of the groundwater purification system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a groundwater purification method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Perspective view showing the structure for supplying nitrogen to the application 2 [Explanation of reference numerals]
1 underground 2 underground (B)
Reference Signs List 3 pumping well 4 pumping pipe 5 pump 6 storage tank 7 water injection pipe 8 water sprinkling body 9 opening 10 solid nutrient applying body 12 gas supply pump 13 supply pipe 14 diffusing pipe 15 jet port 16 collector 17 pipe line 18 organic solvent treatment device

Claims (6)

炭素数が6以上のカルボン酸を主成分または炭素数が12以上のアルコールを主成分とした透水性を有する固体栄養塩付与体を備え、地下水中の微生物に地中に埋設した前記固体栄養塩付与体からの栄養塩を付与して、前記微生物の活性化による有機塩素系化合物の分解を促進する地下水浄化システム。The solid nutrient salt comprising a water-permeable solid nutrient salt imparting substance mainly composed of a carboxylic acid having 6 or more carbon atoms or an alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms, and buried underground by microorganisms in groundwater. A groundwater purification system that applies nutrients from an application body to promote the decomposition of organic chlorinated compounds by activating the microorganism. 地下水を固体栄養塩付与体に注水する請求項1に記載の地下水浄化システム。The groundwater purification system according to claim 1, wherein groundwater is injected into the solid nutrient-imparting body. 地下水を固体栄養塩付与体の下方から注水する請求項2に記載の地下水浄化システム。The groundwater purification system according to claim 2, wherein the groundwater is injected from below the solid nutrient application body. 複数の固体栄養塩付与体を併設して一体化した請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の地下水浄化システム。The groundwater purification system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of solid nutrients are provided side by side and integrated. 揚水井戸と固体栄養塩付与体間の一定の汚染範囲に強制的な地下水流を発生させる請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の地下水浄化システム。The groundwater purification system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a forced groundwater flow is generated in a certain contamination range between the pumping well and the solid nutrient applying body. 窒素化合物の浄化機能を有する炭素数が6以上のカルボン酸を主成分または炭素数が12以上のアルコールを主成分とした固体栄養塩付与体を備えた地下水浄化システム。A groundwater purification system comprising a solid nutrient-imparting body mainly composed of a carboxylic acid having 6 or more carbon atoms or a alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms and having a function of purifying nitrogen compounds.
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JP2000301193A (en) * 1999-04-21 2000-10-31 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Biological cleaning of polluted environment
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JPH09276841A (en) * 1996-04-12 1997-10-28 Canon Inc Method and apparatus for purifying contaminated soil
JP2000301193A (en) * 1999-04-21 2000-10-31 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Biological cleaning of polluted environment
JP2000334492A (en) * 1999-05-31 2000-12-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Denitrication accelerating agent and water treatment using the same
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JP2018079416A (en) * 2016-11-15 2018-05-24 鹿島建設株式会社 System and method for purifying ground water

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