JP2004232908A - Cooler - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cooler allowing a reduction in power consumption while securing a specified cooling capacity and allowing the assurance of durability. <P>SOLUTION: A spray nozzle 40 for spraying cooling water in a planate pattern in a substantially vertical plane relative to the ground is installed on the atmosphere intake surface 11 side of the heat exchanger 20 of an outdoor unit 10, and the cooling water is sprayed from the nozzle. A sprayed water curtain 60 is formed at the front of the atmosphere intake surface substantially parallel with the atmosphere intake surface, and the atmosphere passed through the sprayed water curtain and cooled is taken in the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit. When the cooling water is sprayed upward, atomized water droplets 61 falling by themselves after reaching the top point of the sprayed water curtain are taken in the heat exchanger, and a heat exchange efficiency can be further increased. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cooler, and in particular, it is possible to reduce power consumption while securing cooling capacity even in an intense heat, which consumes more energy, and in which it is necessary to reduce the function, and to ensure expected durability. Device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general households, stores, office buildings, hospitals, hotels, factories, etc., in order to maintain indoors at a comfortable temperature or to maintain various facilities at a temperature suitable for the purpose, a cooling device using air as a heat source, chilled water An apparatus, a refrigeration apparatus, and a refrigerating apparatus (hereinafter, simply referred to as a “cooler”) are often used.
[0003]
Such a cooler is composed of an indoor unit that performs temperature control of the indoor and various facilities and an outdoor unit that is installed outdoors.The indoor unit absorbs heat of the indoor and various facilities, compresses the refrigerant with the compressor, Generally, a method is adopted in which air is introduced into an outdoor unit, the compressed refrigerant and the atmosphere are exchanged with heat in a heat exchanger and condensed, and the condensed refrigerant is circulated from the outdoor unit to the indoor unit.
[0004]
However, in the daytime in summer, despite the maximum operation of the cooler, sufficient cooling capacity was not obtained, and not only wasted power wasted, but also the cooler was operated at full capacity. Therefore, the durability of the device is reduced. This is because the outside air temperature exceeds 30 ° C in the daytime in summer, and especially on the roof of an office building, the radiant heat or the like causes the outside air temperature around the outdoor unit to exceed 40 ° C, thereby lowering the heat exchange efficiency. This is because dirt or the like promotes a decrease in heat exchange efficiency.
[0005]
On the other hand, the cooling water is sprayed toward the fins of the heat exchanger by the spray nozzle, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved by utilizing the heat of evaporation of the cooling water, thereby securing a desired cooling capacity. There has been proposed an operation energy saving device for a cooling machine that reduces power consumption (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[0006]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-28230 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-317821
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the cooling energy saving apparatus of the prior art described above, the cooling water cannot be sprayed on the entire fins of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange efficiency cannot be improved as expected.
[0008]
In addition, tap water, industrial water or groundwater is used for cooling water.However, since the fins of the heat exchanger are always wet with tap water directly sprayed, chlorine and iron contained in the tap water etc. There is a problem that calcium and the like adhere to the fins of the condenser and corrode the fins and conduits of the heat exchanger in a short time.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cooling machine that can reduce power consumption while securing a desired cooling capacity and can guarantee durability.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the cooler according to the present invention connects the outdoor unit and the indoor unit with a circulation conduit to circulate the refrigerant, controls the temperature of the atmosphere by the indoor unit, and converts the refrigerant and the atmosphere by the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit. In a cooler adapted to perform heat exchange, a spray nozzle for spraying cooling water in a plane substantially in a plane substantially perpendicular to the ground is provided on the air intake side of the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit. In front of the air intake surface, a spray water curtain is formed substantially parallel to the air intake surface, and the air cooled down through the spray water curtain passes through the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit. It is characterized by being taken in.
[0011]
One of the features of the present invention is that instead of spraying spray water directly onto the fins of the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit, a spray water curtain is formed in front of the air intake surface of the heat exchanger, and the spray water curtain is formed. The point is that the air whose temperature has dropped after passing through is taken into the heat exchanger.
[0012]
As a result, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved, and a desired cooling capacity can be ensured without operating the cooler at full capacity, so that the power consumption can be reduced, and an excessive load is not applied to the device, thereby improving the durability. Quality can be guaranteed.
[0013]
Further, since the fins and the conduits of the heat exchanger are not always wet with the spray water, the fins and the conduits of the heat exchanger do not corrode, thereby also ensuring the durability of the apparatus.
[0014]
The present invention has a large effect when applied to a cooling device (including an air conditioner) or a chilled water device. However, a type including an indoor unit and an outdoor unit, such as a large refrigerator or a freezer of a warehouse for refrigeration (freezing) storage or a store. (Including a freezer) can be applied in the same manner, and the same operation and effect can be obtained.
[0015]
The spray nozzle may be any as long as it can spray the cooling water in a plane. For example, the nozzle may be sprayed in a fan shape at a predetermined diffusion angle, or may be sprayed in a plane from the entire long nozzle. The diffusion angle and length of the spray nozzle or the number of the spray nozzles may be selected according to the dimensions of the outdoor unit.
[0016]
This spray nozzle may be sprayed downward from the upper end of the outdoor unit.However, when sprayed upward, when the atomized water droplets reach the top of the curtain of the sprayed water and fall naturally, they are sent to the heat exchanger. Since it is taken in with the atmosphere and the fins of the heat exchanger are kept moist, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger can be further improved. The method of providing the spray nozzle at the upper end of the outdoor unit is effective when there is no space for providing the spray nozzle below the outdoor unit.
[0017]
That is, the spray nozzle is provided so as to spray the cooling water upward, and the mist-like water drops that reach the top of the curtain of the spray water and fall naturally are taken into the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit to perform heat exchange. The fins of the vessel should be moistened.
[0018]
If the atomized water droplets taken into the heat exchanger cannot evaporate, the water droplets that cannot evaporate will wet the upper fins of the heat exchanger, fall down along the fin surface, and cool the fins, thus reducing the heat exchange efficiency. It can be further improved. However, it is not sprayed directly toward the fins of the heat exchanger as in the device described in the conventional publication, so that the influence of chlorine, iron, calcium, etc. contained in the cooling water is small, and the fins and conduits of the heat exchanger are not affected. Does not corrode in a short period of time.
[0019]
When spraying water upward, if the spray water curtain comes off the air intake surface of the outdoor unit, the water will be wasted. In view of this, it is preferable that a splash prevention plate is extended and attached to the upper outer edge of the air intake surface of the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit so as to prevent the spray water from scattering.
[0020]
Further, the concept of the present invention can be applied to an existing cooling machine. That is, according to the present invention, provided in the outdoor unit of the cooler, a curtain of the spray water is formed in front of the air intake surface of the outdoor unit, and the cooled air passing through the curtain of the spray water is cooled by the outdoor unit. An operation energy saving device for a cooling machine that is taken into a heat exchanger and operates the cooling machine in an energy-saving manner. The system includes a water distribution pipe for supplying cooling water, and sprays the cooling water sent through the water distribution pipe in a planar shape. A spray nozzle to be installed on the air intake side of the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit, supporting the water pipe, and directing the spray nozzle upward in a plane substantially perpendicular to the ground with respect to the ground. And an installation base portion that supports the cooling device so as to be sprayed.
[0021]
The shape and structure of the installation base are not particularly limited as long as the installation base can support the water distribution pipe and the spray nozzle. For example, a box shape as shown in the following embodiment can be used.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on specific examples shown in the drawings. 1 to 6 show a preferred embodiment of a cooler according to the present invention, which is an example applied to a cooling device (or an air conditioner). In the figure, an outdoor unit 10 is installed outdoors, and a heat exchanger 20 and a suction fan 30 are built in an outdoor unit housing.
[0023]
The heat exchanger 20 has fins 21 and exchanges heat between the air taken into the housing of the outdoor unit by the suction fan 30 and the compressed refrigerant. Since the structure of the cooling device itself is conventionally known, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0024]
On the floor surface of the outdoor unit 10 on the side of the air intake surface (heat exchanger surface) 11, a first spraying device (operating energy saving device for a cooler) 40 is provided at a position away from the outdoor unit 10 by a predetermined distance. Have been. In addition, in the case of spraying to a large heat exchanger, a second spraying device (operating energy saving device of a cooling device) 410 is connected to the first spraying device 40 via a water supply pipe 412, and the two spraying devices 40, 410 It is good to spray.
[0025]
The first spraying device 40 has a control device (not shown) and a substantially T-shaped water pipe 42 built in a square case (installation base) 41, and a spray nozzle 43 in the center of the water pipe 42. At the same time, a spray fan 44 having a front fan shape is attached so as to cover the spray nozzle 43, and the control device detects a change in the condenser waste heat temperature of the outdoor unit 10 to open and close the electromagnetic valve 411. The cooling water is sprayed vertically vertically in the form of a fan to form a spray water curtain parallel to the air intake surface 11 of the outdoor unit 10.
[0026]
The spray nozzle 43 is a nozzle having a water spray vertical / horizontal variable angle of 360 ° (for example, SCF type self-cleaning nozzle manufactured by Kyoritsu Gosei Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), and can adjust the water spray angle vertically and horizontally and steplessly.
[0027]
The second spraying device 410 has the same structure as the first spraying device 40.
[0028]
Further, one end of the water distribution pipe 42 is connected to a fresh water pipe (not shown) such as a water pipe, and a valve 46, a strainer (preferably 30 mesh or more) 47 and an automatic water draining device 48 are provided at one end. The automatic draining device 48 automatically drains water from the spray devices 40 and 410 and the water distribution pipe 42 when the outside air temperature falls to 5 ° C. or less, thereby preventing a freezing accident.
[0029]
A check valve 49 is attached to the other end of the water distribution pipe 42. In order to prevent a siphon phenomenon from occurring when the automatic water draining device 48 drains water and to make it impossible to drain water, the air is sucked. Vacuum break is available. When the supply water pressure is low, a pressure pump is preferably provided at one end of the water distribution pipe 42, and when it is too high, a pressure reducing valve is preferably provided.
[0030]
A substantially inverted U-shaped anti-scattering plate 50 is attached to the upper end portion of the housing of the outdoor unit 10 on the side of the air intake surface 11 so as to protrude, and the anti-scattering plate 50 is manufactured using a punching plate.
[0031]
When the cooling device is operated, the refrigerant that has absorbed indoor heat is compressed by the compressor and sent from the indoor unit (not shown) to the outdoor unit 10. In the outdoor unit 10, the suction fan 30 is operated, and the housing of the outdoor unit 10 takes in the air from the air intake surface 11 side, and the refrigerant from the indoor unit is heat-exchanged with the air in the heat exchanger 20. It is condensed and returned to the indoor unit.
[0032]
At that time, tap water is supplied to the water distribution pipe 42 from a water pipe, and vertically above the spray nozzle 43, that is, substantially parallel to the air intake surface 11 of the outdoor unit 10 at a predetermined angle, for example, 80 ° (or 130 °). It is sprayed in a fan shape, and a spray water curtain 60 is formed substantially in parallel in front of the air intake surface 11 of the outdoor unit 10. The amount of spray water is 1.0 liter / min (0.1 MPa) per 10 horsepower equivalent capacity of the cooling device as a standard, and is appropriately adjusted according to the ambient temperature and the capacity of the cooling device.
[0033]
Then, the air taken into the outdoor unit 10 passes through the spray water curtain 60 immediately before being taken in, so that the temperature is lowered and then taken into the outdoor unit 10.
[0034]
Further, when the sprayed water drops reach the highest point of the curtain 60, they become mist and fall naturally, and since the mist water drops 61 are light, they are taken into the outdoor unit 10 and the fins 21 of the heat exchanger 20 are removed. Wet, but evaporates quickly.
[0035]
If the atomized water droplets taken into the heat exchanger 20 cannot be completely evaporated, the water droplets that cannot be completely evaporated wet the upper fins 21 of the heat exchanger 20, fall along the surface of the fins 21, and cool the fins 21. .
[0036]
In this way, the cooled air is taken into the outdoor unit 10 and the water droplets in the form of mist moisten the fins 21 of the heat exchanger 20 and evaporate, so that the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved.
[0037]
The spraying of the cooling water is performed without wasting the cooling water by detecting the change in the waste heat temperature of the condenser by the control device. As a result, the desired cooling capacity can be obtained without operating the cooling device at full capacity, so that the cooling operation time can be shortened, the power consumption can be greatly reduced, and the life of the device can be extended without overloading the device. It becomes possible.
[0038]
Further, since the fins 21 and the conduits of the heat exchanger 20 are unlikely to be constantly wet with the spray water, and since the curtain 60 of the spray water is formed in front of the heat exchanger 20, the time for moisture to come into contact with air becomes longer. In addition, residual chlorine and the like contained in the cooling water easily decompose and evaporate in the air, and corrosion of the fins 21 and the conduits of the heat exchanger 20 due to chlorine and the like can be suppressed.
[0039]
Furthermore, since it is sufficient to spray only enough water to wet the fins 21 of the heat exchanger 20, the use amount of tap water does not increase unnecessarily.
[0040]
According to the experiments of the present inventors, when the atmospheric temperature is 35 ° C., when the spray water passes through the curtain 60, the atmospheric temperature drops to around 30 ° C., and compared with the case where no countermeasures are taken. It was confirmed that the power consumption could be reduced by almost 20% and the cooling capacity could be increased by about 10%.
[0041]
When the air intake surface 11 of the outdoor unit 10 is large, the diffusion angle of the spray water of the spray nozzle 43 is not 80 ° as shown in FIG. 7A, but is shown in FIG. 7B. Thus, the watering angle may be 130 °.
[0042]
The number of the spray nozzles 43 is not limited to one, and a plurality of spray nozzles 43 may be provided. For example, as shown in (c) of FIG. 7, the air may be sprayed obliquely upward from the lower ends on both sides of the air intake surface 11 of the outdoor unit 10.
[0043]
When the air intake surfaces 11 are provided on both surfaces of the outdoor unit 10, the spray nozzles 40 are preferably provided on both surfaces. In these cases, as shown in FIG. 9, it is preferable to connect a plurality of spray devices 40 to the water pipe 42 in series.
[0044]
The spray angle can be set by drawing the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the air intake surface 11 of the outdoor unit 10 using the spray angle selection graph shown in FIG. For example, in the case of 1 m in length and 2 m in width, a water spray angle of 130 ° is good, and it can be seen that spray water scattered in the horizontal direction should be prevented from scattering by the splash prevention plate 50.
[0045]
In the above example, the spray is sprayed vertically upward from the spray nozzle. However, if there is no space for installing the spray nozzle on the floor surface, the spray may be sprayed downward from the upper end of the outdoor unit.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a cooler according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a first spray device in the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a front configuration diagram showing a first spray device in the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a first spraying device in the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a piping example of a spray device in the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining another embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a watering angle selection graph for selecting a watering angle of a spray nozzle.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a piping example of a plurality of spray devices.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 outdoor unit 11 air intake surface (heat exchanger surface)
Reference Signs List 20 heat exchanger 21 fin 40 first spraying equipment (cooling machine operating energy saving device)
42 water distribution pipe 43 spray nozzle 410 second spray equipment (cooling machine operating energy saving device)
50 splash prevention plate 60 spray water curtain 61 atomized water droplet

Claims (4)

In a cooler in which the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are connected by a circulation conduit to circulate the refrigerant, the temperature of the atmosphere is controlled by the indoor unit, and the refrigerant and the atmosphere are heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit,
A spray nozzle for spraying cooling water in a plane substantially perpendicular to the ground is provided on the air intake surface side of the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit, and a spray nozzle is provided in front of the air intake surface. A water curtain is formed substantially parallel to the air intake surface, and the cooled air passing through the spray water curtain is taken into the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit. Cooler. The spray nozzle is provided so as to spray the cooling water upward, and mist-like water droplets that reach the top of the curtain of the spray water and fall naturally are taken into the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit to generate heat. The cooler according to claim 1, wherein the fins of the exchanger are moistened. 3. The cooling device according to claim 2, wherein a scattering prevention plate for preventing the spray water from scattering is attached to the upper outer edge of the air intake surface of the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit. It is installed in the outdoor unit of the cooler, forms a spray water curtain in front of the air intake surface of the outdoor unit, passes the spray water curtain, cools down the air into the outdoor unit heat exchanger, and cools it. Energy-saving device for operating a cooling machine for energy-saving operation of the machine,
A water pipe for supplying cooling water,
A spray nozzle for spraying the cooling water sent through the water pipe in a planar manner;
The cooling unit is installed on the air intake side of the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit, supports the water distribution pipe, and allows the spray nozzle to spray the cooling water upward in a plane substantially perpendicular to the ground. An installation base to support the
An operation energy saving device for a cooling machine, comprising:

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