JP2004225363A - Repair method of outside walls of building - Google Patents

Repair method of outside walls of building Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004225363A
JP2004225363A JP2003014048A JP2003014048A JP2004225363A JP 2004225363 A JP2004225363 A JP 2004225363A JP 2003014048 A JP2003014048 A JP 2003014048A JP 2003014048 A JP2003014048 A JP 2003014048A JP 2004225363 A JP2004225363 A JP 2004225363A
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Prior art keywords
paint
coating film
wall
heat
coating
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JP2003014048A
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JP4162499B2 (en
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Naohisa Takemura
尚久 竹村
Tetsuya Mori
徹也 森
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SK Kaken Co Ltd
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SK Kaken Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a repair method suitable for an old coating film of an organic paint formed on the outdoor side surface of a heat insulation wall. <P>SOLUTION: At least one kind of coloring paint is applied on an existing painted face formed at the outdoor side of an external wall of a building. The external wall is a heat insulative wall with a thermal transmittance no more than 5.0 W/(m<SP>2</SP>K). The existing painted face has a paint film formed by a paint including an organic resin as a binder. The coloring paint includes a synthetic resin emulsion of -20 to 80°C in the glass transition temperature as a binder and the coloring paint forming a painted film with 20% or higher infrared ray reflectivity in a water vapor transmittance not less than 40 g/m<SP>2</SP>24h is used. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、建築物外壁の改装方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、ビル、集合住宅、戸建住宅等の建築物においては、高断熱化・高気密化によって、冷暖房費の節約を図り、省エネルギーを実現しようとする動きが盛んである。一般に、断熱設計を施していない建築物では、冬期の暖房時には屋根、床、窓、壁等の部位から室内の熱が逃げ、夏期の冷房時にはこれら部位から屋外の熱が侵入してしまうが、このような熱損失の約3分の1は壁面に起因すると言われている。このため、建築物の省エネルギー化を実現するには、室内と屋外を隔てる外壁の高断熱化が不可欠であり、壁面を構成する基材に断熱材を複合化して断熱性を高める手法が多く提案されている。
【0003】
一方、ビル、集合住宅、戸建住宅等の建築物外壁においては、その美観性向上等を目的として、様々な塗料が塗付形成されている。このうち、有機質樹脂を結合剤とする有機系塗料は、配合設計の自由度が高く様々な色相・意匠性が付与でき、またその塗膜が適度な可とう性を有し、さらにはコスト面においても有利であることから汎用的に使用されている。上述のような断熱性を高めた外壁においても有機系塗料が賞用されている。但し、一般的な有機系塗料の塗膜は、屋外において長期にわたり曝露されると、太陽光、降雨、粉塵等の影響により劣化や汚染が進行してしまうため、概ね10年程度で塗り替えの必要が生じてくる。
【0004】
ところが、断熱性壁の外面に形成された有機系塗料の塗膜を塗り替える際には、いくつかの問題点がある。
第一には、塗膜に対する熱負荷の問題である。上述のように建築物外壁の断熱性を高めれば、その屋外側表面では太陽光直射による熱の逃げ場がなくなる。このため、外壁の屋外側表面に形成された塗膜は、その影響を直接的に受け、温度が非常に上昇しやすい状態となる。このような温度上昇は、塗膜膨れや剥れ等の異常を誘発する場合がある。
第二には、水分の問題である。通常、有機系塗料ではその塗膜表面が外気に直接曝されていると、劣化の進行とともに降雨等による水分が塗膜表面から吸収されやすくなり、その水分が塗膜内ないし基材内に滞留しやすくなる。基材の裏面等から水分が取り込まれる場合もある。このような状態の塗膜面に対し、通常の塗料で改装を行うと、塗膜の内側に水分が閉じ込められてしまい、その水分の蒸発に伴って、高い確率で塗膜膨れ等の異常が発生する。外壁が断熱性を有する場合は、特に、塗膜の温度上昇が大きくなるため、水分の蒸発による膨れ等が発生しやすくなる。
【0005】
以上のように、断熱性壁上に形成された有機系塗料の旧塗膜を改装しようとすると、施工後、経時的に膨れ、剥れ等が発生するおそれがある。このため、通常は、塗膜を物理的にケレンしたり、塗膜剥離剤を使用したりする方法等によって旧塗膜を除去した後に、改装用塗料を塗付する手法が採用されている。しかし、旧塗膜の除去作業は、多大な労力と時間を必要とするものであり、工事のコストの点においても不利である。また、完全に旧塗膜を除去することが困難な場合には、下地調整処理を入念に行う必要があり、塗装工程が煩雑となってしまうという問題も生じる。
【0006】
特許文献1には、旧塗膜の改装方法として、シーラーを塗装した後に、水性弾性塗料を塗装する方法が記載されている。しかし、断熱性壁の屋外側表面に形成された有機系塗料の旧塗膜に対してこの方法を適用しても、経時的な膨れ発生や、剥れ発生等を防ぐことは困難である。
【0007】
【特許文献1】特開平6−306305号公報
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はこのような課題に鑑みなされたもので、断熱性壁の屋外側表面に形成された有機系塗料の旧塗膜に適した改装方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
このような課題を解決するため本発明者らは鋭意検討を行った結果、特定の赤外線反射性能と水蒸気透過性能を併有する塗料を使用して、塗膜の温度上昇を抑制するとともに、塗膜内ないし基材内の水分を塗膜外に放散させることによって、塗膜の膨れ、剥れ等が十分に防止できることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。
【0010】
すなわち、本発明は以下の特徴を有するものである。
1.建築物外壁の屋外側に形成された旧塗膜面に対し、少なくとも1種の着色塗料を塗付する建築物外壁の改装方法であって、
(1)外壁が、熱貫流率5.0W/(m・K)以下の断熱性壁であり、
(2)旧塗膜面が、有機質樹脂を結合剤とする塗料によって形成された塗膜を有するものであり、
(3)着色塗料が、結合剤としてガラス転移温度−20〜80℃の合成樹脂エマルションを含み、赤外線反射率が20%以上、水蒸気透過度が40g/m・24h以上の塗膜を形成するものである
ことを特徴とする建築物外壁の改装方法。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、建築物外壁の屋外側に形成された旧塗膜面にする改装方法に関するものである。
【0012】
まず、本発明の対象となる外壁は、熱貫流率5.0W/(m・K)以下の断熱性壁である。このような断熱性壁は、建築物の高断熱化・高気密化には欠くことができないものであるが、太陽光が直射する部位においては、その屋外側表面に形成された塗膜に大きな熱負荷を与えてしまうものである。特に、本発明は、高い断熱性能を有する外壁、すなわち熱貫流率が1.0W/(m・K)以下、さらには0.50W/(m・K)以下である断熱性壁に適用した場合において顕著な効果を発揮することができる。
【0013】
このような断熱性壁は、1種または2種以上の部材からなるものである。断熱性壁を構成する部材としては、基材のみの場合と、基材と断熱材を組合せた場合があり、例えば、軽量モルタル、軽量コンクリート、けい酸カルシウム板、ALC板、サイディングボード、石膏ボード、スレート板、コンクリート、モルタル等の基材;グラスウール、ロックウール、セルロースファイバー等の繊維系断熱材や、ポリエチレンフォーム、ポリスチレンフォーム、ポリウレタンフォーム等の発泡プラスチック系断熱材等に例示される断熱材等が挙げられる。このうち、本発明における断熱性壁には、通常、熱伝導率が0.5W/(m・K)以下の部材が少なくとも1種含まれる。
本発明は、断熱性壁が熱貫流率の低い基材の場合や、少なくとも上述のような基材と断熱材との複合体によって構成される場合において特に効果的である。
【0014】
なお、本発明における熱貫流率は、住宅金融公庫監修「木造住宅工事共通仕様書(解説付)」の付録4「熱貫流率の計算方法」に基づく計算値であり、以下の手順によって求められる値である。
▲1▼式1により、外壁を構成する各部材の熱伝導率と厚さから熱抵抗を算出する。
熱抵抗=厚さ/熱伝導率・・・(式1)
▲2▼式2により、各部材の熱抵抗と空気の熱抵抗(熱伝達抵抗)から熱貫流抵抗を算出する。
熱貫流抵抗=屋内側空気の熱抵抗+各部材の熱抵抗の合計+屋外側空気の熱抵抗・・・(式2)
(但し、屋内側空気の熱抵抗は0.11m・K/W、屋外側空気の熱抵抗は0.04m・K/Wとする)
▲3▼式3により、熱貫流抵抗から熱貫流率を算出する。
熱貫流率=1/熱貫流抵抗・・・(式3)
【0015】
本発明における旧塗膜面は、有機質樹脂を結合剤とする塗料(以下、「有機系塗料」ともいう)によって形成された塗膜を有するものである。
有機系塗料としては、有機質樹脂を含む各種の塗料が挙げられる。具体的には、例えば、JIS K5654「アクリル樹脂エナメル」、JASS18 M−207「非水分散形アクリル樹脂エナメル」、JIS K5656「建築用ポリウレタン樹脂塗料」、JASS18 M−404「アクリルシリコン樹脂塗料」、JIS K5658「建築用ふっ素樹脂塗料」、JIS K5660「つや有合成樹脂エマルションペイント」、JIS K5663「合成樹脂エマルションペイント」、JIS K5667「多彩模様塗料」、JIS K5668「合成樹脂エマルション模様塗料」、JIS A6909「建築用仕上塗材」の外装薄塗材E、可とう形外装薄塗材E、防水形外装薄塗材E、外装厚塗材E、複層塗材E、防水形複層塗材E、複層塗材RE、防水形複層塗材RE、複層塗材RS、防水形複層塗材RE等が挙げられる。
【0016】
有機系塗料における有機質樹脂としては、熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂のいずれであってもよく、例えば、アクリル樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、アクリルシリコン樹脂、ふっ素樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、メラミン樹脂、アルキッド樹脂等が挙げられる。本発明は、特に有機質樹脂が熱可塑性樹脂である場合において有利な効果を奏することができる。有機系塗料における有機質樹脂の含有量は特に限定されないが、有機系塗料の固形分中に通常5重量%以上、好ましくは20重量%以上である。
【0017】
有機系塗料によって形成される塗膜の厚みは、塗料の形態にもよるが、通常0.02〜10mm程度である。本発明では、特に塗膜が1mm以上の厚みを有する場合においても、改装後の塗膜膨れや剥れを防止することができる。このような厚膜の塗膜を形成する塗料としては、例えばJIS A6909「建築用仕上塗材」の外装厚塗材E等が挙げられる。
【0018】
本発明における旧塗膜面は、このような有機系塗料の塗膜を有するものであれば単層塗膜であっても複層塗膜であってもよいが、本発明では、特に有機系塗料の塗膜が旧塗膜の屋外側最表面に存在する場合に、大きな効果を得ることができる。
【0019】
本発明では、上述の旧塗膜面に対して着色塗料を塗付する。この着色塗料は、結合剤としてガラス転移温度(以下「Tg」ともいう)−20〜80℃の合成樹脂エマルションを含み、赤外線反射率が20%以上、水蒸気透過度が40g/m・24h以上の塗膜を形成するものである。このような赤外線反射性能と水蒸気透過性能を併有する着色塗料は、塗膜の温度上昇を抑制するとともに、塗膜内ないし基材内の水分を塗膜外に放散させることにより、塗膜の膨れ発生や剥れ発生等を長期にわたり十分に抑制する機能を発揮することができる。
【0020】
着色塗料における合成樹脂エマルションとしては、例えば、酢酸ビニル樹脂エマルション、塩化ビニル樹脂エマルション、エポキシ樹脂エマルション、アクリル樹脂エマルション、ウレタン樹脂エマルション、アクリルシリコン樹脂エマルション、フッ素樹脂エマルション等、あるいはこれらの複合系等を挙げることができる。これらは1種または2種以上で使用することができる。
【0021】
合成樹脂エマルションのTgは、−20〜80℃、好ましくは−5〜50℃である。合成樹脂エマルションのTgが−20℃より低い場合は、塗膜の膨れが発生しやすくなる傾向となる。また、耐汚染性が不十分となるおそれもある。Tgが80℃より高い場合は、旧塗膜の変位に追従できず、塗膜に割れが発生するおそれがある。なお、本発明におけるTgは、合成樹脂エマルションを構成するモノマーの種類とその構成比率から、Foxの計算式によって求められる値である。
【0022】
本発明では、合成樹脂エマルションにおける樹脂として熱硬化性樹脂を使用することにより、膨れ防止性、剥れ防止性をいっそう高めることができ、さらに耐候性、耐水性等の塗膜物性を高めることもできる。熱硬化性樹脂としては、合成樹脂エマルション自体で架橋反応を生じるもの、あるいは別途混合する架橋剤によって架橋反応を生じるもののいずれであってもよい。熱硬化性樹脂における架橋反応性は、例えば、カルボキシル基とカルボジイミド基、カルボキシル基とエポキシ基、カルボキシル基とアジリジン基、カルボキシル基とオキサゾリン基、水酸基とイソシアネート基、カルボニル基とヒドラジド基、エポキシ基とアミノ基、アルコキシシリル基どうし等の反応性官能基を組み合わせることによって付与することができる。
【0023】
着色塗料による形成塗膜の赤外線反射率は20%以上(好ましくは40%以上、より好ましくは50%以上)である。赤外線反射率が20%より低い場合は、改装後に膨れや剥れが発生しやすくなる。なお、本発明における赤外線反射率は、波長800〜2100nmの光に対する分光反射率を測定し、その平均値を算出することにより得られる値である。
【0024】
着色塗料による形成塗膜の水蒸気透過度は40g/m・24h以上、好ましくは50g/m・24h以上である。着色塗料の形成塗膜がこのような水蒸気透過性能を有することより、塗膜内ないし基材内の水分が塗膜外に放散され、塗膜膨れ等の原因となる局所的な圧力上昇が抑制される。水蒸気透過度が40g/m・24h未満である場合は、改装後の塗膜に膨れや剥れが発生しやすくなる。
水蒸気透過度の上限は特に制限されないが、水蒸気透過度が大きすぎる場合は、遮水性が不十分となりやすく、旧塗膜に水が浸入するおそれがある。水蒸気透過度の上限は通常500g/m・24h以下、好ましくは200g/m・24h以下である。
なお、本発明における水蒸気透過度は、JIS K5400−1990「塗料一般試験方法」8.17「水蒸気透過度」の方法によって測定される値である。
【0025】
本発明における着色塗料においては、上述のような赤外線反射性能と水蒸気透過性能を併有する限り、通常塗料に使用可能な成分を含むことができる。このような成分としては、例えば、顔料、染料、骨材、繊維、増粘剤、造膜助剤、レベリング剤、湿潤剤、可塑剤、凍結防止剤、pH調整剤、防腐剤、防黴剤、防藻剤、抗菌剤、分散剤、消泡剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、触媒、架橋剤等が挙げられる。
【0026】
本発明における着色塗料では、上述の合成樹脂エマルションに加え、赤外線反射性を有する顔料を含有することが望ましい。このような顔料としては、例えば、アルミニウムフレーク、酸化チタン、硫酸バリウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化鉄、酸化マグネシウム、アルミナ、酸化アンチモン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化イットリウム、酸化インジウム、シリカ、珪酸マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム等が挙げられる。この中でも、アルミニウムフレーク、酸化チタン、硫酸バリウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化鉄、酸化マグネシウム、及びアルミナから選ばれる1種以上が好適である。
この他、赤外線透過性を有する顔料を併用することもできる。このような顔料を併用することにより、塗膜の赤外線反射性能を阻害せずに様々な色彩を表出することが可能となる。赤外線透過性を有する顔料としては、ペリレン顔料、アゾ顔料、黄鉛、弁柄、朱、チタニウムレッド、カドミウムレッド、キナクリドンレッド、イソインドリノン、ベンズイミダゾロン、フタロシアニングリーン、フタロシアニンブルー、コバルトブルー、インダスレンブルー、群青、及び紺青から選ばれる1種以上が好適である。
本発明では、上述のような顔料を適宜選択することにより、白色以外の色相においても顕著な効果を発揮することができる。
【0027】
着色塗料の顔料容積濃度は2〜60%であることが望ましい。このような顔料容積濃度であれば、膨れ防止性や剥れ防止性等が高まるとともに、旧塗膜の変位に対する追従性を発揮することもできる。
【0028】
着色塗料の塗装においては、スプレーガン、ローラー、刷毛等の塗装器具を使用することができる。
着色塗料の塗膜厚みについては、赤外線反射性能及び水蒸気透過性能が本発明の範囲内であれば特に限定されないが、好ましくは10〜500μm、より好ましくは20〜200μmである。このような塗膜厚みであれば、旧塗膜の表面形状を十分に生かすことができる。
【0029】
本発明では、上述のような着色塗料を塗り重ねることもできる。
また、着色塗料を塗装する前に、必要に応じ下塗塗料、下地調整塗材等を塗付しておいてもよい。ただし、この場合は本発明の効果を損なわないように、水蒸気透過性能を有する材料を使用する必要がある。
着色塗料を塗装した後には、透明塗料や半透明塗料等を塗付することも可能である。さらには、別の着色塗料を塗付することも可能である。このような場合においては、本発明の効果を損なわないように、赤外線透過性能及び水蒸気透過性能を併有する材料を使用する必要がある。
【0030】
【実施例】
以下に実施例及び比較例を示し、本発明の特徴をより明確にする。
【0031】
(実施例1)
スレート板(厚さ6mm)の片面に、アクリル系熱可塑性樹脂(Tg−40℃)、酸化チタン、炭酸カルシウム、寒水石、及びゴム粉を主成分とする外装厚塗材E(樹脂含有量22重量%)を玉状に吹付けた後、ミネラルスピリットを付けたプラスチックローラーで玉の凸部を押え、断面が台形状の凹凸を有する4〜8mmの塗膜を形成させ、これを促進耐候性試験機「アイスーパーUVテスター」(岩崎電気株式会社製)にて400時間曝露させたものを旧塗膜とした。
次いで、この旧塗膜に対し、塗料Aを乾燥膜厚が60μmとなるようにスプレー塗装した後、スレート板の裏面(塗装面と反対側の面)に住宅用グラスウール(厚さ100mm)及びスレート板(厚さ6mm)を順に積層することにより、試験体Aを作製した。なお、スレート板(厚さ6mm)・住宅用グラスウール(厚さ100mm)・スレート板(厚さ6mm)からなる積層体は断熱性壁に相当するものであり、その熱貫流率は0.39W/(m・K)である。
得られた試験体Aについて、塗膜面から40cmの距離から赤外線ランプ(出力250W)を8時間照射した後、その外観変化を目視にて観察した。その結果、試験体Aについて特に異常は認められなかった。
【0032】
なお、実施例1における塗料Aは、樹脂A(アルコキシシリル基含有アクリル樹脂エマルション、Tg30℃)の固形分100容量部に対し、酸化チタンを3.5容量部、黄色酸化鉄を0.3容量部、弁柄を0.5容量部、フタロシアニンブルーを0.3容量部含有する、顔料容積濃度4%のグレー色の塗料である。
この塗料Aの赤外線反射率を分光光度計(島津製作所製「UV−3100」)にて測定したところ66%であった。赤外線反射率測定に供した試験板は、アルミ板に黒色塗料(アクリル樹脂の固形分100容量部にカーボンブラックを6容量部含むもの)を乾燥膜厚が60μmとなるように塗付した後、塗料Aを乾燥膜厚が60μmとなるように塗付することによって作製したものである。
一方、塗料Aの水蒸気透過度をJIS K5400−1990「塗料一般試験方法」8.17「水蒸気透過度」の方法によって測定したところ、その値は74g/m・24hであった。
【0033】
(比較例1)
実施例1において塗料Aに代えて塗料Bを使用して試験体Bを作製した。
なお、塗料Bは、樹脂B(アクリル樹脂エマルション、Tg30℃)の固形分100容量部に対し、酸化チタンを3.8容量部、黄色酸化鉄を0.2容量部、弁柄を0.1容量部、カーボンブラックを0.4容量部含有する、顔料容積濃度4%のグレー色の塗料である。塗料Bの赤外線反射率は7%、水蒸気透過度は58g/m・24hであった。
得られた試験体Bに対し、実施例1と同様に試験を行ったところ、試験体Bでは塗膜に膨れが発生してしまった。
【0034】
(比較例2)
実施例1において塗料Aに代えて塗料Cを使用して試験体Cを作製した。
なお、塗料Cは、樹脂C(溶剤可溶形アクリル樹脂、Tg30℃)の固形分100容量部に対し、酸化チタンを3.5容量部、黄色酸化鉄を0.3容量部、弁柄を0.5容量部、フタロシアニンブルーを0.3容量部含有する、顔料容積濃度4%のグレー色の塗料である。塗料Cの形成塗膜の赤外線反射率は66%、水蒸気透過度は26g/m・24hであった。
得られた試験体Cに対し、実施例1と同様に試験を行ったところ、試験体Cでは塗膜に膨れが発生してしまった。
【0035】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、断熱性壁の屋外側表面に形成された有機系塗料の旧塗膜に適したものであり、改装後の塗膜における塗膜の膨れ発生や剥れ発生等を長期にわたり十分に抑制することができる。
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a method for retrofitting a building outer wall.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in buildings such as buildings, apartment houses, and detached houses, there is an increasing movement to save energy for cooling and heating by realizing high insulation and high airtightness, and to realize energy saving. Generally, in buildings without heat insulation design, indoor heat escapes from roofs, floors, windows, walls, etc. during heating in winter, and outdoor heat enters through these parts during cooling in summer, It is said that about one third of such heat loss is caused by the wall surface. For this reason, to achieve energy savings in buildings, it is essential to increase the heat insulation of the outer wall that separates the room from the outside. Many methods have been proposed to increase the heat insulation by combining a heat insulating material with the base material that forms the wall. Have been.
[0003]
On the other hand, on the outer walls of buildings such as buildings, apartment houses, detached houses, etc., various paints are applied and formed for the purpose of improving aesthetics and the like. Of these, organic paints using an organic resin as a binder have a high degree of freedom in blending design and can impart various hues and designs, and the coating film has an appropriate flexibility, and furthermore, costs are low. It is widely used because it is also advantageous. Organic paints have also been awarded on outer walls with improved heat insulation as described above. However, general organic paint films are likely to deteriorate or contaminate under the influence of sunlight, rainfall, dust, etc. when exposed outdoors for a long period of time. Will occur.
[0004]
However, there are some problems when repainting the organic coating film formed on the outer surface of the heat insulating wall.
First, there is the problem of heat load on the coating. If the heat insulating property of the building outer wall is enhanced as described above, there is no place for heat to escape from direct sunlight on the outdoor surface. For this reason, the coating film formed on the outdoor surface of the outer wall is directly affected by the influence, and the temperature is very likely to rise. Such a rise in temperature may induce abnormalities such as swelling and peeling of the coating film.
Second is the problem of moisture. Usually, when the coating surface of an organic paint is directly exposed to the outside air, the water due to rainfall and the like is easily absorbed from the coating surface as the deterioration proceeds, and the water stays in the coating film or the base material. Easier to do. In some cases, moisture is taken in from the back surface of the substrate. If the surface of the paint film in such a state is retrofitted with ordinary paint, moisture will be trapped inside the paint film, and with the evaporation of the moisture, there will be a high probability of abnormalities such as blistering of the paint film. appear. In the case where the outer wall has heat insulating properties, the temperature rise of the coating film is particularly large, so that swelling or the like due to evaporation of water is likely to occur.
[0005]
As described above, if an attempt is made to renovate an old coating film of an organic paint formed on a heat-insulating wall, there is a possibility that swelling, peeling, and the like may occur over time after the application. For this reason, usually, a method is employed in which the old coating film is removed by a method such as physically squeezing the coating film or using a coating film release agent, and then applying a remodeling paint. However, the work of removing the old coating film requires a great deal of labor and time, and is disadvantageous in terms of construction costs. In addition, when it is difficult to completely remove the old coating film, it is necessary to carefully perform the base adjustment process, which causes a problem that the painting process becomes complicated.
[0006]
Patent Literature 1 describes a method of applying a water-based elastic paint after applying a sealer as a method of renovating an old paint film. However, even if this method is applied to an old coating film of an organic paint formed on the outdoor surface of the heat insulating wall, it is difficult to prevent swelling or peeling over time.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-306305
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a retrofitting method suitable for an old paint film of an organic paint formed on an outdoor surface of a heat insulating wall.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve such problems, and as a result, using a paint having both specific infrared reflection performance and water vapor transmission performance, while suppressing the temperature rise of the paint film, It has been found that swelling, peeling, and the like of the coating film can be sufficiently prevented by dispersing the water inside or from the base material to the outside of the coating film, thereby completing the present invention.
[0010]
That is, the present invention has the following features.
1. A method for renovating a building outer wall, in which at least one kind of coloring paint is applied to an old coating surface formed on the outdoor side of the building outer wall,
(1) The outer wall is a heat-insulating wall having a heat transmission coefficient of 5.0 W / (m 2 · K) or less,
(2) the old coating film surface has a coating film formed by a paint using an organic resin as a binder,
(3) colored coating comprises a synthetic resin emulsion having a glass transition temperature of -20 to 80 ° C. as a binder, an infrared reflectance of 20% or more, the water vapor transmission rate to form a 40g / m 2 · 24h or more coating A method of renovating a building exterior wall, which is characterized in that:
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of retrofitting an old paint film formed on the outside of a building outer wall.
[0012]
First, the outer wall targeted by the present invention is a heat-insulating wall having a heat transmission coefficient of 5.0 W / (m 2 · K) or less. Such a heat-insulating wall is indispensable for high heat insulation and high airtightness of a building, but in a portion where sunlight is directly irradiated, a large coating film is formed on the outdoor surface. This will give a thermal load. In particular, the present invention includes an outer wall having a high heat insulating performance, i.e. heat transmission coefficient is 1.0W / (m 2 · K) or less, more applicable to 0.50W / (m 2 · K) or less is heat-insulating wall In this case, a remarkable effect can be exhibited.
[0013]
Such a heat-insulating wall is composed of one or more members. As a member constituting the heat insulating wall, there are a case where only the base material is used and a case where the base material and the heat insulating material are combined. For example, lightweight mortar, lightweight concrete, calcium silicate plate, ALC plate, siding board, gypsum board , Slate board, concrete, mortar, etc .; heat insulation materials exemplified by fiber heat insulation materials such as glass wool, rock wool, cellulose fiber, and foamed plastic heat insulation materials such as polyethylene foam, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, etc. Is mentioned. Among them, the heat-insulating wall in the present invention usually contains at least one member having a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W / (m · K) or less.
The present invention is particularly effective when the heat-insulating wall is a base material having a low heat transmission coefficient or at least when the heat-insulating wall is composed of a composite of the base material and the heat insulating material as described above.
[0014]
The heat transfer coefficient in the present invention is a calculated value based on Appendix 4 “Method of calculating heat transfer coefficient” of “Housing for Construction of Wooden Houses (Commentary)” supervised by the Housing Finance Corporation, and is obtained by the following procedure. Value.
(1) The thermal resistance is calculated from the thermal conductivity and the thickness of each member constituting the outer wall according to the equation (1).
Thermal resistance = thickness / thermal conductivity (Equation 1)
(2) The heat flow resistance is calculated from the thermal resistance of each member and the thermal resistance of the air (heat transfer resistance) according to Equation 2.
Thermal flow resistance = Thermal resistance of indoor air + total thermal resistance of each member + thermal resistance of outdoor air ... (Equation 2)
(However, the thermal resistance of the indoor side air 0.11m 2 · K / W, the thermal resistance of the outdoor side air to 0.04m 2 · K / W)
{Circle over (3)} The heat transmission coefficient is calculated from the heat transmission resistance by equation (3).
Heat flow rate = 1 / heat flow resistance ... (Equation 3)
[0015]
The old coating film surface in the present invention has a coating film formed of a coating material containing an organic resin as a binder (hereinafter, also referred to as “organic coating material”).
Examples of the organic paint include various paints containing an organic resin. Specifically, for example, JIS K5654 "Acrylic resin enamel", JASS18 M-207 "Non-aqueous dispersion type acrylic resin enamel", JIS K5656 "Building polyurethane resin paint", JASS18 M-404 "Acrylic silicone resin paint", JIS K5658 “Fluorine resin paint for construction”, JIS K5660 “Synthetic synthetic resin emulsion paint”, JIS K5663 “Synthetic resin emulsion paint”, JIS K5667 “Multicolored paint”, JIS K5668 “Synthetic resin emulsion paint”, JIS A6909 Exterior finish coating material E, flexible exterior thin coating material E, waterproof exterior thin coating material E, exterior thick coating material E, multilayer coating material E, waterproof multilayer coating material E, multilayer coating material RE of “Architectural finishing coating material” , Waterproof multi-layer coating material RE, multi-layer coating material RS, waterproof multi-layer coating material RE, etc. I can do it.
[0016]
The organic resin in the organic paint may be any of a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting resin, such as an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride resin, a vinyl acetate resin, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic silicon resin, a fluororesin, and an epoxy resin. , A polyester resin, a melamine resin, an alkyd resin and the like. The present invention can exert advantageous effects particularly when the organic resin is a thermoplastic resin. The content of the organic resin in the organic paint is not particularly limited, but is usually 5% by weight or more, preferably 20% by weight or more in the solid content of the organic paint.
[0017]
The thickness of the coating film formed by the organic paint depends on the form of the paint, but is usually about 0.02 to 10 mm. In the present invention, even when the coating film has a thickness of 1 mm or more, it is possible to prevent swelling and peeling of the coating film after renovation. As a coating material for forming such a thick coating film, there is, for example, an exterior thick coating material E of JIS A6909 “Architectural finishing coating material”.
[0018]
The old coating film surface in the present invention may be a single-layer coating film or a multi-layer coating film as long as it has such an organic coating film. When the paint film exists on the outermost surface of the old paint film on the outdoor side, a great effect can be obtained.
[0019]
In the present invention, a coloring paint is applied to the above-mentioned old coating film surface. The colored paint (hereinafter also referred to as "Tg") Glass transition temperature as a binder -20 to 80 include ℃ synthetic resin emulsion, the infrared reflectance of 20% or more, a water vapor permeability of 40g / m 2 · 24h or more Is formed. Such colored paints having both infrared reflection performance and water vapor transmission performance suppress the temperature rise of the coating film and swell the coating film by dispersing the moisture in the coating film or the substrate to the outside of the coating film. It can exhibit a function of sufficiently suppressing generation and peeling for a long period of time.
[0020]
Examples of the synthetic resin emulsion in the coloring paint include a vinyl acetate resin emulsion, a vinyl chloride resin emulsion, an epoxy resin emulsion, an acrylic resin emulsion, a urethane resin emulsion, an acrylic silicone resin emulsion, a fluororesin emulsion, and the like, or a composite system thereof. Can be mentioned. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0021]
The Tg of the synthetic resin emulsion is from -20 to 80C, preferably from -5 to 50C. When the Tg of the synthetic resin emulsion is lower than −20 ° C., the coating film tends to swell. In addition, the contamination resistance may be insufficient. If the Tg is higher than 80 ° C., it is impossible to follow the displacement of the old coating film, and the coating film may be cracked. In the present invention, Tg is a value obtained from the formula of Fox based on the types of monomers constituting the synthetic resin emulsion and the composition ratio thereof.
[0022]
In the present invention, by using a thermosetting resin as a resin in the synthetic resin emulsion, swelling prevention properties, peeling prevention properties can be further improved, and furthermore, weather resistance and water resistance and other coating film properties can be improved. it can. The thermosetting resin may be any of those that cause a cross-linking reaction in the synthetic resin emulsion itself, and those that cause a cross-linking reaction by a separately mixed cross-linking agent. The crosslinking reactivity in the thermosetting resin is, for example, a carboxyl group and a carbodiimide group, a carboxyl group and an epoxy group, a carboxyl group and an aziridine group, a carboxyl group and an oxazoline group, a hydroxyl group and an isocyanate group, a carbonyl group and a hydrazide group, and an epoxy group. It can be provided by combining reactive functional groups such as amino groups and alkoxysilyl groups.
[0023]
The infrared reflectance of the coating film formed by the colored paint is 20% or more (preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more). If the infrared reflectance is lower than 20%, swelling and peeling are likely to occur after remodeling. In addition, the infrared reflectance in the present invention is a value obtained by measuring a spectral reflectance for light having a wavelength of 800 to 2100 nm and calculating an average value thereof.
[0024]
Water vapor permeability of the formed coating film by colored paint 40g / m 2 · 24h or more, preferably 50g / m 2 · 24h or more. Since the formed coating film of the colored paint has such a water vapor permeable performance, moisture in the coating film or in the substrate is radiated to the outside of the coating film, thereby suppressing a local pressure rise that causes swelling of the coating film. Is done. If the water vapor permeability is less than 40g / m 2 · 24h, the Re blistering or peeling on the coating film after renovation is likely to occur.
Although the upper limit of the water vapor permeability is not particularly limited, if the water vapor permeability is too large, the water barrier property tends to be insufficient, and water may enter the old coating film. The upper limit of water vapor permeability is usually 500g / m 2 · 24h or less, preferably not more than 200g / m 2 · 24h.
In addition, the water vapor transmission rate in the present invention is a value measured by the method of JIS K5400-1990 “General paint test method” 8.17 “water vapor transmission rate”.
[0025]
The colored paint according to the present invention may contain components that can be used in ordinary paints, as long as they have both the infrared reflection performance and the water vapor transmission performance as described above. Such components include, for example, pigments, dyes, aggregates, fibers, thickeners, coalescents, leveling agents, wetting agents, plasticizers, antifreeze agents, pH adjusters, preservatives, fungicides , An antialgal agent, an antibacterial agent, a dispersant, an antifoaming agent, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a catalyst, a crosslinking agent and the like.
[0026]
It is desirable that the colored paint of the present invention contains a pigment having infrared reflectivity in addition to the above-mentioned synthetic resin emulsion. Examples of such pigments include aluminum flake, titanium oxide, barium sulfate, zinc oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, alumina, antimony oxide, zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, indium oxide, silica, magnesium silicate, calcium carbonate, and the like. No. Among them, one or more selected from aluminum flake, titanium oxide, barium sulfate, zinc oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, and alumina are preferred.
In addition, a pigment having infrared transmittance can be used in combination. By using such a pigment together, it becomes possible to express various colors without impairing the infrared reflection performance of the coating film. Examples of pigments having infrared transmittance include perylene pigments, azo pigments, graphite, red iron oxide, vermilion, titanium red, cadmium red, quinacridone red, isoindolinone, benzimidazolone, phthalocyanine green, phthalocyanine blue, cobalt blue, and Indus One or more selected from Renblue, ultramarine, and navy blue are preferred.
In the present invention, a remarkable effect can be exhibited even in a hue other than white by appropriately selecting the above-mentioned pigment.
[0027]
The pigment volume concentration of the colored paint is desirably 2 to 60%. With such a pigment volume concentration, the anti-swelling property and anti-peeling property are enhanced, and the ability to follow the displacement of the old coating film can be exhibited.
[0028]
In the application of the colored paint, a coating device such as a spray gun, a roller, or a brush can be used.
The thickness of the coating film of the colored paint is not particularly limited as long as the infrared reflection performance and the water vapor transmission performance are within the range of the present invention, but is preferably 10 to 500 μm, more preferably 20 to 200 μm. With such a coating thickness, the surface shape of the old coating can be fully utilized.
[0029]
In the present invention, the above-mentioned colored paint can be applied again.
Before applying the coloring paint, an undercoat paint, a base adjustment coating material, or the like may be applied as necessary. However, in this case, it is necessary to use a material having water vapor transmission performance so as not to impair the effects of the present invention.
After applying the colored paint, a transparent paint, a translucent paint, or the like can be applied. Furthermore, it is also possible to apply another coloring paint. In such a case, it is necessary to use a material having both infrared transmission performance and water vapor transmission performance so as not to impair the effects of the present invention.
[0030]
【Example】
Examples and comparative examples are shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention.
[0031]
(Example 1)
On one surface of a slate plate (thickness: 6 mm), an exterior thick coating material E (resin content: 22) mainly composed of an acrylic thermoplastic resin (Tg-40 ° C.), titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, cold water stone, and rubber powder. (% By weight) in a ball shape, and press the convex portion of the ball with a plastic roller with mineral spirit to form a 4-8 mm coating film having a trapezoidal cross section, which is promoted by weather resistance. What was exposed for 400 hours with a tester “I-Super UV Tester” (manufactured by Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd.) was used as an old coating film.
Next, the paint A was spray-coated on the old paint film so that the dry film thickness became 60 μm, and then glass wool for home use (thickness 100 mm) and slate were placed on the back surface (surface opposite to the paint surface) of the slate plate. Specimen A was prepared by sequentially stacking plates (thickness: 6 mm). The laminated body composed of a slate plate (thickness 6 mm), glass wool for a house (thickness 100 mm), and a slate plate (thickness 6 mm) corresponds to a heat-insulating wall, and its heat transmission coefficient is 0.39 W / it is a (m 2 · K).
The obtained specimen A was irradiated with an infrared lamp (output: 250 W) for 8 hours from a distance of 40 cm from the coating film surface, and then its appearance was visually observed. As a result, no abnormality was particularly observed in the test sample A.
[0032]
The coating material A in Example 1 was composed of 3.5 parts by volume of titanium oxide and 0.3 parts by volume of yellow iron oxide with respect to 100 parts by volume of the solid content of the resin A (alkoxysilyl group-containing acrylic resin emulsion, Tg 30 ° C.). The composition is a gray paint having a pigment volume concentration of 4%, containing 0.5 parts by volume of red, red, and red, and 0.3 parts by volume of phthalocyanine blue.
The infrared reflectance of this paint A was measured with a spectrophotometer ("UV-3100" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) and found to be 66%. The test plate subjected to the infrared reflectance measurement was prepared by applying a black paint (containing 6 parts by volume of carbon black to 100 parts by volume of a solid content of an acrylic resin) on an aluminum plate so that the dry film thickness became 60 μm. It was prepared by applying the coating material A such that the dry film thickness became 60 μm.
On the other hand, when the water vapor transmission rate of the paint A was determined by the method of JIS K5400-1990 "general coating test method" 8.17 "water vapor permeability", the value was 74g / m 2 · 24h.
[0033]
(Comparative Example 1)
Specimen B was prepared in Example 1 using Paint B instead of Paint A.
In addition, paint B was 3.8 parts by volume of titanium oxide, 0.2 parts by volume of yellow iron oxide, and 0.1 parts by volume of red iron oxide per 100 parts by volume of solid content of resin B (acrylic resin emulsion, Tg 30 ° C.). It is a gray paint having a pigment volume concentration of 4% containing 0.4 parts by volume of carbon black by volume. Infrared reflectivity of the paint B is 7%, the water vapor transmission rate was 58g / m 2 · 24h.
When a test was performed on the obtained test piece B in the same manner as in Example 1, the test piece B swelled in the coating film.
[0034]
(Comparative Example 2)
Specimen C was prepared in Example 1 using Paint C instead of Paint A.
In addition, paint C was 3.5 parts by volume of titanium oxide, 0.3 parts by volume of yellow iron oxide, and 100 parts by volume of solid content of resin C (solvent-soluble acrylic resin, Tg 30 ° C.). A gray paint having a pigment volume concentration of 4%, containing 0.5 parts by volume and 0.3 parts by volume of phthalocyanine blue. Infrared reflectance of the formed coating film of the paint C is 66%, the water vapor transmission rate was 26g / m 2 · 24h.
When a test was performed on the obtained test piece C in the same manner as in Example 1, the test piece C swelled in the coating film.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is suitable for an old paint film of an organic paint formed on the outdoor surface of the heat insulating wall, and sufficiently prevents swelling and peeling of the paint film in the renovated paint film for a long time. Can be suppressed.

Claims (1)

建築物外壁の屋外側に形成された旧塗膜面に対し、少なくとも1種の着色塗料を塗付する建築物外壁の改装方法であって、
(1)外壁が、熱貫流率5.0W/(m・K)以下の断熱性壁であり、
(2)旧塗膜面が、有機質樹脂を結合剤とする塗料によって形成された塗膜を有するものであり、
(3)着色塗料が、結合剤としてガラス転移温度−20〜80℃の合成樹脂エマルションを含み、赤外線反射率が20%以上、水蒸気透過度が40g/m・24h以上の塗膜を形成するものである
ことを特徴とする建築物外壁の改装方法。
A method for renovating a building outer wall, in which at least one kind of coloring paint is applied to an old coating surface formed on the outdoor side of the building outer wall,
(1) The outer wall is a heat-insulating wall having a heat transmission coefficient of 5.0 W / (m 2 · K) or less,
(2) the old coating film surface has a coating film formed by a paint using an organic resin as a binder,
(3) colored coating comprises a synthetic resin emulsion having a glass transition temperature of -20 to 80 ° C. as a binder, an infrared reflectance of 20% or more, the water vapor transmission rate to form a 40g / m 2 · 24h or more coating A method of renovating a building exterior wall, which is characterized in that:
JP2003014048A 2003-01-22 2003-01-22 How to renovate building exterior Expired - Fee Related JP4162499B2 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007111665A (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-05-10 Sk Kaken Co Ltd Method of renovating building outer wall
JP2007291837A (en) * 2006-03-29 2007-11-08 Aica Kogyo Co Ltd Aqueous paint material composition, its construction method, and wall structure by the same
JP2011079908A (en) * 2009-10-05 2011-04-21 Aica Kogyo Co Ltd Coating composition and construction method
JP2017118712A (en) * 2015-12-24 2017-06-29 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 Electric wire protective member and wire harness

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007111665A (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-05-10 Sk Kaken Co Ltd Method of renovating building outer wall
JP4637717B2 (en) * 2005-10-24 2011-02-23 エスケー化研株式会社 How to renovate building exterior
JP2007291837A (en) * 2006-03-29 2007-11-08 Aica Kogyo Co Ltd Aqueous paint material composition, its construction method, and wall structure by the same
JP2011079908A (en) * 2009-10-05 2011-04-21 Aica Kogyo Co Ltd Coating composition and construction method
JP2017118712A (en) * 2015-12-24 2017-06-29 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 Electric wire protective member and wire harness
WO2017110512A1 (en) * 2015-12-24 2017-06-29 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 Electric wire protection material and wiring harness
US10260669B2 (en) 2015-12-24 2019-04-16 Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. Electric wire protection member and wire harness

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