JP2004223581A - Method for forming lightweight steel sheet - Google Patents

Method for forming lightweight steel sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004223581A
JP2004223581A JP2003015648A JP2003015648A JP2004223581A JP 2004223581 A JP2004223581 A JP 2004223581A JP 2003015648 A JP2003015648 A JP 2003015648A JP 2003015648 A JP2003015648 A JP 2003015648A JP 2004223581 A JP2004223581 A JP 2004223581A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
steel sheet
lightweight steel
mass
temperature
lightweight
Prior art date
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JP2003015648A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takehide Senuma
武秀 瀬沼
Nobuhiro Fujita
展弘 藤田
Masaharu Oka
正春 岡
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Publication date
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Priority to JP2003015648A priority Critical patent/JP2004223581A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a press method of a lightweight steel sheet excellent in impact property by which lightening of automotive parts or the like is possible. <P>SOLUTION: In this press forming method of a lightweight steel sheet excellent in impact property, a steel sheet consisting of, by mass, 0.001-1.2% C, 7-30% Al, as necessary, one or more kinds of Mn, Si, Nb, Ti, Ni, Mo and Cu of 0.1-10% in total, furthermore, 0.0002-0.1% B, 0.1-10% Cr, one or two kinds of Zr and Ce of 0.01-0.5% in total and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities is heated to ≤ 1,000°C and the press working is performed at 600-1,000°C. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高強度でかつ低比重の鋼板を自動車の足廻り、メンバーなどの部品に適用し、車体の軽量化を達成する軽量鋼板の成形方法である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
自動車部品の軽量化を果たすために、鋼板では強度を上げて板厚を下げるハイテン化が進められている。しかし、強度を上げるだけでは軽量化には限界があり、特に板厚が薄くなりすぎると剛性が低下し、部品としての機能が発揮できない場合もある。一方、軽量化のために比重の小さいアルミニウムあるいはマグネシウムなどの非鉄金属やプラスチックなどが自動車部品に適用されることもある。しかし、これらの材料は製造コストも高く、リサイクル性にも問題がある。
【0003】
ところで、Alは必要特性を得るために鋼に添加されることは周知のとおりであるが、その添加量は比較的低く抑えられ、Alの低比重を利用した軽量鋼板の製造には至っていない。その大きな理由は、大量のAlを添加すると鋼板が脆くなり、自動車部品のように強加工部品ではプレス加工で割れ、所定の形に成形出来ないためである。成形性を向上させる方法として高温での加工が提案されているが、高温でのプレス加工による部品の製造例は皆無であるだけでなく、成形された部品の衝撃特性に関する報告はない。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
Alを大量に含んだ鋼板は脆く、通常のプレス加工では割れが頻発する。例えプレス成形が出来たとしても、自動車部品に適用しようとすると衝撃特性が不十分なため、採用されることが皆無であった。
本発明は、Alを大量に含んだ鋼板をプレス成形すると共に、成形された部品が優れた衝撃特性を有するプレス成形方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記のような課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を行い、高温での最適なプレス加工条件を見出し、この問題を解決した。
本発明の要旨とするところは、Alを多く含んだ鋼板を高温でプレス加工することにより、衝撃特性に優れた軽量部品を製造する方法であり、以下の構成からなる。
【0006】
(1)質量%で、
C :0.001〜1.2%、 Al:7〜30%
を含有し、残部が鉄及び不可避的不純物からなる鋼板を1000℃以下の温度に加熱し、600℃以上、1000℃以下の温度においてプレス加工をすることを特徴とする軽量鋼板の成形方法。
(2)鋼板が、更に質量%で、Mn,Si,Nb,Ti,Ni,Mo,Cuの一種あるいは二種以上を合計で0.1〜10%含有することを特徴とする前記(1)記載の軽量鋼板の成形方法。
(3)鋼板が、更に質量%で、B:0.0002〜0.1%を含有することを特徴とする前記(1)又は(2)記載の軽量鋼板の成形方法。
(4)鋼板が、更に質量%で、Cr:0.1〜10%を含有することを特徴とする前記(1)〜(3)の何れか1項に記載の軽量鋼板の成形方法。
(5)鋼板が、更に質量%で、Zr,Ceの一種あるいは二種を合計で0.01〜0.5%含有することを特徴とする前記(1)〜(4)の何れか1項に記載の軽量鋼板の成形方法。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、適正な成分設計ならびに高温でプレス加工する条件を最適化することにより、衝撃特性に優れた軽量部品を製造できることを示すもので、以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0008】
C:C量の下限を0.001%にしたのは、これ未満になるとプレス時にわれの発生する頻度が増えるためである。また、上限を1.2%としたのも同様の理由で、C量については最適な添加量が存在する。
【0009】
Al:Alの下限を7%としたのは、これ未満の添加量では鋼板の軽量化が十分に果たせないためである。一方、上限を30%としたのは、これより多い添加は衝撃特性を確保するのが難しくなるためである。
【0010】
Mn,Si,Nb,Ti,Ni,Mo,Cuの添加は、高強度化を図るのに有効である。その効果が顕在化するには、これらの元素の一種あるいは二種以上の合計添加量が0.1%以上必要であるが、過度の添加はコストが上がるので、上限を10%とした。
【0011】
Bは、所定の条件でホットプレスを行った部品の衝撃特性を向上させる効果がある。その効果が顕在化するには、0.0002%以上必要であるが、過度の添加は効果が飽和し、コストが上がるので、上限を0.1%とした。
【0012】
Crも、所定の条件でホットプレスを行った部品の衝撃特性を向上させる効果がある。その効果が顕在化するには0.1%以上必要であるが、過度の添加は効果が飽和し、コストが上がるので、上限を10%とした。
【0013】
ZrとCeも、所定の条件でホットプレスを行った部品の衝撃特性を向上させる効果がある。その効果が顕在化するには、両元素の一種あるいは二種の合計添加量が0.01%以上必要であるが、過度の添加は効果が飽和し、コストが上がるので、上限を0.5%とした。
【0014】
次に製造方法の限定条件について述べる。
プレス加工を行う時の加熱温度の上限を1000℃としたのは、これより高い温度に加熱すると成形した部品の衝撃特性が劣化する頻度が増えるためである。これは結晶粒の成長と関連があるものと思われる。加熱温度の下限は後述のプレス加工温度を確保するために、600℃以上とすることが好ましい。
【0015】
プレス加工温度の限定が本発明の重要なポイントで、600〜1000℃の温度域でプレス加工することにより優れた衝撃特性が得られる。その理由は明らかではないが、この温度域でプレス加工され、金型の抜熱で急冷された材料の組織が衝撃特性に対して好ましい転位構造の組織になっている可能性がある。
また、600℃未満のプレス加工で衝撃特性が劣化する頻度が増えるのは、好ましい転位構造の組織が発達しないことのほかに、プレス成形性が劣化し、表面微細割れのような欠陥が生じやすいためと思われる。
プレス加工温度を確保するために、加工中保温又は加熱を行っても良い。
【0016】
【実施例】
表1に示す成分を持つ鋼を3mm厚に熱延し、酸洗後に1mm厚に冷延し、連続焼鈍炉で850℃で再結晶焼鈍を行った。この冷延鋼板を表2に示すホットプレス条件でプレス加工を行なった。その鋼板から60φの円板を打ち抜き、絞り比1.5で円筒絞りした後、イヤリング部を切断除去し、端面を研磨した。
試験時に円筒の底にぶつからないように、先端角が135度の円錐の先端部を切断した拡管用ポンチを円筒に挿入し、2kgの錘を1mの高さから落下させて割れの有無を判定し、衝撃特性を評価した。0℃でのn数5の実験で割れが生じないものを○とした。
【0017】
表3は、表1に示す成分を有する鋼を1.2mm厚に熱延し、それをホットプレスしたときの結果を示す。
表2,3の衝撃試験結果が示すように、本発明鋼は0℃の衝撃実験で割れを発生せずに優れた耐衝撃特性を示し、自動車部品として使用できることが実証された。
【0018】
【表1】

Figure 2004223581
【0019】
【表2】
Figure 2004223581
【0020】
【表3】
Figure 2004223581
【0021】
【発明の効果】
本発明は自動車部品の軽量化に寄与し、地球環境保全に貢献するものである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a method for forming a lightweight steel sheet by applying a high-strength and low-specific-gravity steel sheet to parts around a vehicle, such as members of a vehicle, and reducing the weight of a vehicle body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to reduce the weight of automotive parts, high-tensile steel sheets are being developed to increase strength and reduce sheet thickness. However, there is a limit to weight reduction only by increasing the strength, and particularly when the plate thickness is too thin, the rigidity is reduced, and the function as a part may not be exhibited. On the other hand, a non-ferrous metal such as aluminum or magnesium or a plastic having a small specific gravity is sometimes applied to an automobile part for weight reduction. However, these materials have high manufacturing costs and have a problem in recyclability.
[0003]
By the way, it is well known that Al is added to steel in order to obtain necessary properties, but the amount of Al added is kept relatively low, and the production of lightweight steel sheets utilizing the low specific gravity of Al has not been achieved. The major reason is that when a large amount of Al is added, the steel sheet becomes brittle, and a strongly processed part such as an automobile part is cracked by press working and cannot be formed into a predetermined shape. High-temperature processing has been proposed as a method for improving moldability. However, there is no example of manufacturing parts by press working at high temperature, and there is no report on impact characteristics of the formed parts.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A steel sheet containing a large amount of Al is brittle, and cracks frequently occur in normal press working. Even if press molding is possible, it has never been adopted because it has insufficient impact characteristics when applied to automotive parts.
An object of the present invention is to provide a press forming method in which a steel sheet containing a large amount of Al is press-formed and a formed part has excellent impact characteristics.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-described problems, found optimal press working conditions at a high temperature, and solved this problem.
The gist of the present invention is a method of producing a lightweight component having excellent impact characteristics by pressing a steel sheet containing a large amount of Al at a high temperature, and has the following configuration.
[0006]
(1) In mass%,
C: 0.001 to 1.2%, Al: 7 to 30%
The method of forming a lightweight steel sheet, comprising heating a steel sheet containing iron and inevitable impurities to a temperature of 1000 ° C. or less, and pressing at a temperature of 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C.
(2) The steel sheet according to (1), wherein the steel sheet further contains one or more of Mn, Si, Nb, Ti, Ni, Mo, and Cu in a total mass of 0.1 to 10%. The method for forming a lightweight steel sheet according to the above.
(3) The method for forming a lightweight steel sheet according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the steel sheet further contains B: 0.0002 to 0.1% by mass%.
(4) The method for forming a lightweight steel sheet according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the steel sheet further contains Cr: 0.1 to 10% by mass%.
(5) The steel sheet further comprises one or more of Zr and Ce in a mass% of 0.01 to 0.5% in total, in any one of the above (1) to (4). 3. The method for forming a lightweight steel sheet according to item 1.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention shows that a lightweight component having excellent impact characteristics can be manufactured by optimizing the appropriate component design and the conditions for pressing at a high temperature. The present invention will be described in detail below.
[0008]
C: The lower limit of the amount of C is set to 0.001%, because if it is less than this, the frequency of occurrence of cracks during pressing increases. For the same reason that the upper limit is set to 1.2%, there is an optimum amount of C to be added.
[0009]
Al: The lower limit of Al is set to 7% because the addition of less than this amount cannot sufficiently reduce the weight of the steel sheet. On the other hand, the upper limit is set to 30% because the addition of more than this makes it difficult to secure impact characteristics.
[0010]
The addition of Mn, Si, Nb, Ti, Ni, Mo, and Cu is effective for increasing the strength. In order for the effect to become apparent, the total amount of one or more of these elements must be 0.1% or more. However, excessive addition increases the cost, so the upper limit was set to 10%.
[0011]
B has the effect of improving the impact characteristics of a component that has been hot pressed under predetermined conditions. 0.0002% or more is required for the effect to become apparent, but excessive addition saturates the effect and increases the cost. Therefore, the upper limit was set to 0.1%.
[0012]
Cr also has the effect of improving the impact characteristics of components hot-pressed under predetermined conditions. 0.1% or more is required for the effect to become apparent, but an excessive addition saturates the effect and increases the cost. Therefore, the upper limit is set to 10%.
[0013]
Zr and Ce also have the effect of improving the impact characteristics of components that have been hot pressed under predetermined conditions. In order for the effect to become apparent, the total amount of one or two of the two elements must be 0.01% or more. However, excessive addition saturates the effect and increases the cost. %.
[0014]
Next, the limiting conditions of the manufacturing method will be described.
The reason why the upper limit of the heating temperature during the press working is set to 1000 ° C. is that when heated to a temperature higher than 1000 ° C., the frequency of deterioration of the impact characteristics of the molded part increases. This seems to be related to the growth of crystal grains. The lower limit of the heating temperature is preferably set to 600 ° C. or higher in order to secure a pressing temperature described later.
[0015]
The limitation of the pressing temperature is an important point of the present invention, and excellent impact characteristics can be obtained by pressing in a temperature range of 600 to 1000 ° C. Although the reason is not clear, there is a possibility that the structure of the material pressed in this temperature range and quenched by the removal of heat from the mold may be a structure having a dislocation structure preferable for impact characteristics.
In addition, the frequency at which the impact characteristics are deteriorated by pressing at a temperature lower than 600 ° C. is increased not only because the structure of the preferred dislocation structure is not developed but also the press formability is deteriorated and defects such as surface fine cracks are likely to occur. It seems to be.
Heating or heating may be performed during processing to secure the pressing temperature.
[0016]
【Example】
Steel having the components shown in Table 1 was hot-rolled to a thickness of 3 mm, cold-rolled to a thickness of 1 mm after pickling, and recrystallized and annealed at 850 ° C. in a continuous annealing furnace. This cold-rolled steel sheet was subjected to press working under hot press conditions shown in Table 2. A 60φ disc was punched out of the steel sheet, and the cylinder was drawn at a drawing ratio of 1.5. Thereafter, the earring portion was cut and removed, and the end face was polished.
In order to avoid hitting the bottom of the cylinder during the test, insert a pipe-punching tube with a 135 ° conical tip cut into the cylinder and drop a 2kg weight from a height of 1m to determine the presence or absence of cracks. Then, the impact characteristics were evaluated. A sample that did not crack in the experiment of n number 5 at 0 ° C. was evaluated as ○.
[0017]
Table 3 shows the results when steel having the components shown in Table 1 was hot-rolled to a thickness of 1.2 mm and hot-pressed.
As shown in the impact test results in Tables 2 and 3, the steel of the present invention exhibited excellent impact resistance without cracking in an impact test at 0 ° C., and it was demonstrated that the steel can be used as an automobile part.
[0018]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004223581
[0019]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004223581
[0020]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004223581
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention contributes to weight reduction of automobile parts and contributes to global environmental protection.

Claims (5)

質量%で、
C :0.001〜1.2%、
Al:7〜30%
を含有し、残部が鉄及び不可避的不純物からなる鋼板を1000℃以下の温度に加熱し、600℃以上、1000℃以下の温度においてプレス加工をすることを特徴とする軽量鋼板の成形方法。
In mass%,
C: 0.001-1.2%,
Al: 7 to 30%
A steel sheet comprising iron and inevitable impurities is heated to a temperature of 1000 ° C. or less, and pressed at a temperature of 600 ° C. or more and 1000 ° C. or less.
鋼板が、更に質量%で、Mn,Si,Nb,Ti,Ni,Mo,Cuの一種あるいは二種以上を合計で0.1〜10%含有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の軽量鋼板の成形方法。2. The lightweight steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the steel sheet further contains 0.1 to 10% by mass of one or more of Mn, Si, Nb, Ti, Ni, Mo, and Cu. Molding method. 鋼板が、更に質量%で、B:0.0002〜0.1%を含有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の軽量鋼板の成形方法。The method for forming a lightweight steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the steel sheet further contains B: 0.0002 to 0.1% by mass%. 鋼板が、更に質量%で、Cr:0.1〜10%を含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の軽量鋼板の成形方法。The method for forming a lightweight steel sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the steel sheet further contains Cr: 0.1 to 10% by mass%. 鋼板が、更に質量%で、Zr,Ceの一種あるいは二種を合計で0.01〜0.5%含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の軽量鋼板の成形方法。The lightweight steel sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the steel sheet further contains, in mass%, one or two of Zr and Ce in a total amount of 0.01 to 0.5%. Molding method.
JP2003015648A 2003-01-24 2003-01-24 Method for forming lightweight steel sheet Withdrawn JP2004223581A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007247001A (en) * 2006-03-16 2007-09-27 Nippon Steel Corp High-strength steel sheet for die quenching
JP2008261023A (en) * 2007-04-13 2008-10-30 Nippon Steel Corp High-strength low-specific gravity steel sheet having excellent ductility and workability, and its production method
CN108220807A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-06-29 钢铁研究总院 A kind of low-density high alumina superelevation carbon bearing steel and preparation method thereof
CN114752867A (en) * 2022-04-25 2022-07-15 燕山大学 High-strength and high-toughness lightweight steel and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007247001A (en) * 2006-03-16 2007-09-27 Nippon Steel Corp High-strength steel sheet for die quenching
JP2008261023A (en) * 2007-04-13 2008-10-30 Nippon Steel Corp High-strength low-specific gravity steel sheet having excellent ductility and workability, and its production method
CN108220807A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-06-29 钢铁研究总院 A kind of low-density high alumina superelevation carbon bearing steel and preparation method thereof
CN114752867A (en) * 2022-04-25 2022-07-15 燕山大学 High-strength and high-toughness lightweight steel and preparation method and application thereof

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