JP2004222374A - Monitoring system for electric equipment - Google Patents

Monitoring system for electric equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004222374A
JP2004222374A JP2003004850A JP2003004850A JP2004222374A JP 2004222374 A JP2004222374 A JP 2004222374A JP 2003004850 A JP2003004850 A JP 2003004850A JP 2003004850 A JP2003004850 A JP 2003004850A JP 2004222374 A JP2004222374 A JP 2004222374A
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feature
data
electric
load
characteristic amount
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JP2003004850A
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JP4048127B2 (en
Inventor
Akemi Shiokawa
明実 塩川
Yasuo Ichimura
安男 市村
Yoichi Kunimoto
洋一 国本
Takeshi Kuno
毅 久野
Atsushi Matsushita
温 松下
Masahito Ito
雅仁 伊藤
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/242Home appliances

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  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a monitoring system for an electric equipment which can identify used electric equipment and monitor the deterioration and the abnormal state of the electric equipment without change on the side of the electric equipment or addition of functions. <P>SOLUTION: A management device 1 receives data on the quantity of features being sent from quantity-of-load-feature detectors 9 and 9' via a communication line 3, and identify the electric equipment corresponding to the data on the quantity of features, and also monitors the state of electric equipment 20 in question by the data on the quantity of features of the specified electric equipment 20. When this judges that, for example, an overcurrent is flowing, this displays it on a display unit 7 and informs the user thereof. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電気機器の劣化や異常を監視する電気機器監視システムに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、宅内に設置された家電機器のオン/オフをネットワークを通じて制御する家電機器制御ネットワークシステムが提供されている(例えば特許文献1参照)。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−86572号公報(段落番号[0067]−[0070]、及び、第4図)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述の家電機器ネットワークシステムでは、使用する家電機器自体にネットワークを通じてコントローラとの間で通信を行うための通信機能を持たせる必要があり、コスト高となる問題があり、また通信機能を持たない既設の家電機器に代えて、通信機能を備えた家電機器を導入する必要があり、利用者の負担が大きいという問題もあった。
【0005】
また各家電機器の劣化や異常を監視するためには、これらの監視を行う手段を個々の家電機器に電力消費量を監視する手段が必要なり、コスト的にも高くなるという問題があった。
【0006】
本発明は上記問題点に鑑みて為されたものであり、その目的とするところは、使用されている電気機器の特定とその電気機器の劣化や異常状態を、電気機器側の変更や機能追加なしに監視することができる電気監視システムを提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項1の発明では、電気機器と電源との間に介在し、電気機器の通電中に電気機器に供給される電気量の挙動から特徴量を求める手段と、この求めた特徴量データを通信線を通じて送出する第1の通信手段とを有する1乃至複数の負荷特徴量検出装置と、
予め各種電気機器毎に対応する特徴量データを個別属性データに関連付けて格納している特徴量データベースと、上記負荷特徴量検出装置から送出されてくる特徴量データを受信する第2の通信手段と、上記特徴量データベースに登録されている特徴量データと第2の通信手段で受信した特徴量データとを照合して受信した特徴量データに対応する電気機器を特定する特定手段と、特定された電気機器の特徴量データにより当該電気機器の状態を監視する監視手段とを有する管理装置とを備えたことを特徴とする電気機器監視システム。
【0008】
請求項2の発明では、請求項1の発明において、上記負荷特徴量検出装置が個別の電気機器に対応して設けられ、管理装置の監視手段は、各特徴量検出装置からの特徴量データに基づいて夫々に対応する電気機器の劣化状態を診断することを特徴とする。
【0009】
請求項3の発明では、請求項1の発明において、負荷特徴量検出装置が、複数の同種の電気機器が接続されている電力線の始端側に挿入されて、これら複数の同種の電気機器全体に供給される電気量の挙動に対応した特徴量を求め、
管理装置の監視手段は、負荷特徴量検出装置からの特徴量データに基づいて上記複数の同種の電気機器の劣化状態を診断することを特徴とする。
【0010】
請求項4の発明では、請求項3の発明において、上記電気機器が街路灯、トンネル用照明器具、道路灯等の公共用照明負荷であって、管理者側に設置される管理装置と特徴量検出装置との間はLANやWANのネットワークを介して接続され、負荷特徴検出装置からの特徴量データを上記ネットワークの通信線を介して上記管理装置へ送出することを特徴とする。
【0011】
請求項5の発明では、請求項1乃至4の何れかの発明において、上記管理装置の監視手段は、特徴量検出装置からの特徴量データから過電流状態を検出する機能を備えていることを特徴とする。
【0012】
請求項6の発明では、請求項5の発明において、特徴量検出装置には、電気機器と電源との間に挿入され過電流状態の検出時に強制オフさせられるスイッチ部を備えていることを特徴とする。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明を実施形態により説明する。
(実施形態1)
図1は本実施形態のシステム構成図であり、この図示するシステムでは、住宅やビル内に設けた分電盤2内に収納した管理装置1と、この管理装置1から屋内に先行配線されたLANの通信線3に接続される10BASE−T及び100BASE−T等のモジュラージャック5を埋込型配線器具として設けたLAN端末を接続する接続ユニット4と、分電盤2から屋内に先行配線された電力線50と、電力線50に直接接続する電源接続端に後述する電流検出素子91(図2参照)を介して接続されるコンセント部6を備えるとともに、後述するLAN用の通信回路94(図2参照)の信号入出力端が接続されるモジュラージャック8を備え、埋込型配線器具と同様な形態でユニット化された負荷特徴量検出装置9と、電力線50に直接接続する電源接続端に後述する電流検出素子91を介して接続されるとともに恒久的に設置される設備的な電気機器(例えば照明器具)20を直接接続する負荷接続端子部を備えるとともに、当該電気機器20の操作スイッチSWを備えた壁スイッチ型であって、通信回路94の信号入出力端を上記通信線3に直接接続される信号線接続端を備えた負荷特徴量検出装置9’と、管理装置1からの表示データを受けて監視情報を表示する表示器7a及び操作部7bを備えた表示装置7とを基本的な構成要素としている。
【0014】
負荷特徴量検出装置9のコンセント部6には必要に応じてテレビ、掃除機、調理機器、空調設備等の電気機器20が、電源コード21の電源プラグ22によって接続され、またモジュラージャック8には接続ユニット4のモジュラージャック5に一端側をモジュラープラグ(図示せず)で接続したLANケーブル23の他端側のモジュラープラグ(図示せず)が接続されることで、通信線3に負荷特徴量検出装置9がLAN端末として接続するようになっている。
【0015】
ここで本実施形態ではLANとしてイーサネット(R)を用いているが、その他の方式でも勿論良く、更に無線等の信号媒体を用いても良い。また図1では通信線3が1本で示されているが、実際的には管理装置1側のハブ10(図4参照)から夫々の接続ユニット4や負荷特徴量検出装置9’へ配線されている。
【0016】
次に負荷特徴量検出装置9の構成を図2により説明する。
【0017】
負荷特徴量検出装置9は、電力線50を直接接続する電源接続端子部90と、電気機器20の電源プラグ22を挿脱自在に接続するためのコンセント部6を備え、接続される電気機器20には低インピーダンスの抵抗素子やCTなどからなる電流検出素子91を通じて電力線50から商用交流電源を供給することができるようになっている。そして電力線50を通じて印加される交流電源電圧を例えば抵抗で分圧する電圧分圧回路92からの分圧電圧波形と、電流検出素子91で検出した電流波形とに基づいて後述する方法により特徴量を演算する特徴量演算部93と、この特徴量演算部93に演算した特徴量データをLANへ送出するための通信回路94とを備えており、この通信回路94の信号入出力端としてモジュラージャック8を設けている。
【0018】
特徴量演算部93はマイクロコンピュータから構成され、電流検出素子91及び電圧分圧回路92からの入力を内蔵するA/Dコンバータ(図示せず)でA/D変換して取り込んでおり、電流検出素子91により負荷電流値に応じた検出出力と、電圧分圧回路92からの出力電圧とを用いて特徴量を演算により求めている。
【0019】
ここで特徴量としては種々のものがあるが、これらの特徴量は電流の大きさを表す特徴量、電流波形の形状を表す特徴量、電流と電圧の時間差を表す特徴量の3つに大きく分類され、それぞれの分類の特徴量として電気機器の機種や動作状態を特定するのに必要な特徴量を用いれば良い。ここで実際に家庭用電気機器に流れる消費電流を観測した結果、電流の大きさを表す特徴量として電流の平均値、電流の形状を表す特徴量としてピーク平均値(電流のピーク値を平均値で除した値)、電流と電圧の時間差を表す特徴量としてピーク時間差(電流のピークと電圧のピークの時間差)、通電時間、ピーク遅延率(通電開始から電流のピークまでの時間を通電時間で除した値)の5つの特徴量を用いれば電流波形から電気機器の機種やその動作状態を略確実に特定できることが判明したので、本実施形態では上記5つの特徴量を特徴量演算部93で演算し、その特徴量データを通信回路94とLANとを介して管理装置1へ送出するようになっている。
【0020】
尚負荷特徴量検出装置9’の場合にはコンセント部6に替えて電気機器20からの配線を直接的に接続するための負荷接続端子部(図示せず)を設け、また通電路に操作スイッチSWを挿入している点と通信回路94の信号入出力端として設けたモジュラージャックに通信線3側に設けたモジュラープラグを直接接続する点とで負荷特徴量検出装置9と相違する。
【0021】
また図1で示す負荷特徴量検出装置9は埋込型の配線器具の形態で構成されているが、テーブルタップのような形態で構成しても良く、この場合には電源接続端子部90が電源コード95の先部に設けた電源プラグ96により構成され、この電源プラグ96を部屋等に設置されている通常のコンセント装置24に接続することで、電力線50と接続される。またLANとの接続は装置本体に設けたモジュラージャック8と、接続ユニット4のモジュラージャック5との間をLANケーブル23で接続する。
【0022】
さて本実施形態の管理装置1は図3に示すように、負荷特徴量検出装置9の通信回路94との間で情報授受を行うためのイーサネット(R)による通信回路11と、通信回路11を複数のLAN端末に通信線3を介して接続するためのハブ10と、各負荷特徴量検出装置9,9’から送られてくる特徴量データに基づいて負荷特徴量検出装置9のコンセント部6や負荷接続端子部に接続されている電気機器20の特定を行うために、予め各種電気機器20の特徴量データ及び個別属性データとを登録している特徴量データベース12と、管理装置1の全体の中核を為すマイクロコンピュータから構成された監視処理部14と、表示装置7との間のデータの入出力のためのインターフェース部15とを備えている。
【0023】
本実施形態の監視処理部14は、特徴量データに基づく電気機器20を特定する特定手段の機能や、特定された電気機器20の接続位置の監視やデータベース12のデータの読み出し、書き込み等の処理を行うとともに、特徴データに基づいて電源コード等を含む電気機器20の正常/異常の判断を行う診断機能等により電気機器20の状態を監視する監視手段としての機能と、この監視結果を表示装置7に表示させるためのデータ処理を行う機能を備えている。
【0024】
尚特徴量データベース12に登録される各種電気機器の特徴量データや電気機器の個別属性データについては、予め電気機器メーカ側から提供されるこれらデータを登録するか、或いは実際にシステム設置場所で使用される電気機器20について、システムの初期スタート時に電気機器1台1台実際に動作させることで負荷特徴量検出装置9,9’から管理装置1側に特徴量データを送信させて収集するとともに、管理装置1側で当該特徴量データに関連付けて電気機器20の個別属性データを入力する学習登録方法がある。
【0025】
ここで学習登録方法の一例を図4により説明する。
【0026】
この場合、管理装置1の動作モードを登録モードと通常モードとに監視処理部14の動作を切り替えるように例えば表示装置7の操作部7bから指示を与えることができるようにしておく。そして登録モードでは、ある負荷特徴量検出装置9又は9’に接続されている電気機器20の機種名を含む個別属性データ(例えばカタログデータ)を操作部7bから入力すると(ステップS11)、管理装置1の監視処理部14に学習処理を行わせる指令と電気機器20の個別属性データとが送信される。その後、負荷特徴量検出装置9(或いは9’)のコンセント部6(或いは負荷接続端子部)に接続されている電気機器20の電源をオンして通電すると(ステップS12)、負荷特徴量検出装置9の特徴量演算部93が、電流検出素子91及び電圧分圧回路92からの入力をA/D変換して取り込み(ステップS13)、電流検出素子91を用いて求めた電流波形と、電圧分圧回路92の出力電圧波形から求めた電源電圧波形とをもとに電流波形の特徴量を算出し(ステップS14)、特徴量データを通信回路94により管理装置1へ送信する8ステップS15)。その後、しばらくの間ユーザは電気機器20の通電を継続させ、またステップS16の判定において動作状態が切り替え可能な電気機器20の場合は、ユーザが電気機器20の動作状態を切り替えた後(ステップS17)、ステップS13に戻って上述の動作を繰り返す。そして、動作状態を一通り変化させて各々の状態での特徴量データを順次管理装置1側へ通信回路94を介して転送させる。そして管理装置1の監視処理部14では予め決められた全ての特徴量データの受信が終了すると、入力された個別属性データと関連付けて受信する特徴量データデータを特徴量データベース12に登録する(ステップS18)。そして当該電気機器20の学習処理を終了させ、この終了を表示装置7側で表示させる。
【0027】
また、ステップS16の判定において動作状態を変更できないような電気機器の場合は学習処理を終了する。
【0028】
以上のようにしてシステムで接続される各電気機器20の特徴量データ及び個別属性データを管理装置1に設けた特徴量データベース12に順次登録する。そして接続される電気機器20の全ての特徴量データ及び個別属性データの登録が終了した後、ユーザは表示装置7の操作部7bから動作モードを通常モードへ切り替える指令を管理装置1へ送ることで、電気機器20の接続に対して待機する状態に入るのである。尚一例では表示装置7を利用しているが、LAN上に接続されるコンピュータを学習処理に用い、収集した特徴量データ及び個別属性データをコンピュータからLANを介して管理装置1へ転送して登録するようにしても良いし、管理装置1自体に操作部を設けて上記の操作ができるようにしても良い。
【0029】
次に本実施形態のシステムの動作を図6により説明する。
【0030】
今負荷特徴量検出装置9のコンセント部6に接続されている電気機器20の電源スイッチがオンされて通電が開始されると、電気機器20の挙動に応じた電流レベル、電圧レベルの検出出力が電流検出素子91から特徴量演算部93に取り込まれる。また電源電圧の変動に応じた分圧電圧が電圧分圧回路92から特徴量演算部93に取り込まれる。
【0031】
ここで特徴量演算部93は、図5に示すようにA/D変換部(図示せず)より電流検出素子91及び電圧分圧回路92の出力を取り込み(ステップS1)、取り込んだ値から電流値及び電圧値の数周期分の平均値を算出する(ステップS2)。次に特徴量演算部93では、管理装置1に特徴量データを送信したことがあるか否かを判定し(ステップS3)、一度も特徴量データを送信していない場合にはステップS5以降の処理を行い、特徴量データを送信したことがある場合にはステップS4の判定を行う。ステップS4の判定処理では、特徴量演算部93が、ステップS2で求めた平均値が前回管理装置1に送信した平均値から一定値以上変化しているか否かを判定し、平均値が一定値以上変化していればステップS5以降の処理を行い、平均値の変化量が一定値に満たない場合はステップS1に戻って上述の処理を繰り返している。
【0032】
ステップS5では特徴量演算部93が平均値以外の特徴量を演算により求めており、特徴量の演算が終了すると、通信回路94を通じて管理装置1へ特徴量データ及び当該負荷特徴量検出装置9の識別データ(IPアドレスや通信回路94のMACアドレスなど)とともに送信する(ステップS6)。
【0033】
管理装置1の監視処理部14では、通信回路11を通して受信した特徴量データと特徴量データベース12に登録されている特徴量データとの照合を行い、一致するものがあると、当該特徴量データに対応する個別属性データから電気機器20の機種名などを特定する(ステップS7)。
【0034】
この場合監視処理部14は受信する特徴量データデータと、特徴量データベース12に登録されている特徴量データとを比較し、受信する特徴量データデータに略一致する特徴量データを持った電気機器20を候補として選出する。そして、更に監視処理部14は、複数の特徴量データについてそれぞれ比較して、電気機器20の候補を選出した結果、最も多く候補として選出された電気機器20を最終的に選択決定する。監視処理部14は、接続された電気機器20を特定すると、この電気機器20の特徴量データを送信してきた負荷特徴量検出装置9の識別データと関連付けて電気機器20の接続位置を判断する。
【0035】
このようにして、管理装置1では電気機器20の接続位置を把握することができ、冷蔵庫、エアコン、照明器具などの接続位置が変わらないような電気機器20については当該負荷特徴量検出装置9から平均値が一定値以上変化に伴って送られてくる特徴量データの受信によって通電状態を継続して監視することができる。
【0036】
そして電気機器20が継続して動作している状態において、監視処理部14は負荷特徴量検出装置9或いは9’から送られてくる特徴量データが、上述した平均値の変化が予め設定している許容範囲を超え、当該電気機器20に流れている電流が過大であると判断した場合、これを表示装置7の表示器7aで表示させる診断機能も備えている。
【0037】
この過大な電流は、電源コードの判断線やトラッキング等によって流れることもあり、これらの過大な電流によりコードの発火、発熱などの危険性があるが、上述のように表示装置7の表示器7aで過電流表示させることで、家人に知らせることができ、そのため事故を未然に防ぐことが可能となる。
【0038】
ここで負荷特徴量検出装置9(或いは9’)に図6に示すように電気機器20への通電路にリレー装置の接点のようなスイッチ部97を挿入し、上述のように監視処理部14の診断機能が異常と判断した場合には監視処理部14に設けてある制御機能によりスイッチ部97をオフするためのオフ制御データを作成し、通信回路94を通じて対応する負荷特徴量検出装置9へ送信し、スイッチ部97を強制的にオフする機能を備えても良い。
(実施形態2)
上記実施形態1では過電流の監視に用いているが、本実施形態は、接続場所が変わらず、継続して使用される照明器具や空調設備のような電気機器20の場合の劣化を監視するシステムを構成するものである。そして、図7に示すように操作スイッチSWを備えず、直接電気機器20を負荷接続端子部に接続する負荷特徴量検出装置9’’を用いている。尚負荷特徴量検出装置9’’の内部構成は図2や図6の負荷特徴量検出装置9と同じ構成であるので、内部構成についての説明は省略する。また管理装置1及び表示装置7の内部構成も実施形態1と同じであるので、図示は省略する。
【0039】
而して本実施形態の管理装置1の監視処理部14は、各負荷特徴量検出装置9”…から送られくる特徴量データにより、接続されている電気機器20の特性変化を継続的に監視し、その電気機器20が劣化したと判断される特徴量データを受け取ったときに、表示装置7に当該電気機器20の劣化を表示する。
【0040】
これによりユーザは電気機器20が照明器具の場合であればランプ劣化などを知ることができ、交換が速やかに行えることになる。またその他の電気機器20の場合にも取り換えなければならないことを知ることができる。
【0041】
(実施形態3)
上記実施形態2のシステムでは使用される電気機器20の1台、1台に負荷特徴量検出装置9(或いは9’又は9’’)を設けているが、本実施形態では同じ特性を示す同種の電気機器20を複数用いるシステムを構成するものであって、図8に示すように分電盤2から分岐配線される電力線50には同種の複数の電気機器20を接続し、この電力線50の始端に負荷特徴量検出装置9’’を介在させたものである。そしてこの負荷特徴量検出装置9’’は分電盤2に設置されたもので、内部には回路遮断器をスイッチ部97の代わりに設けてものである。つまり複数の電気機器20を接続している電力線50に過電流や短絡電流が流れたときには電力線50を遮断することができるようなっている。
【0042】
尚その他の構成は実施形態1,2と同じであるので、管理装置1の構成や表示装置7の構成については説明を省略する。また同種の電気機器20のみに対応するため、特徴量データベース12に登録するデータは当該電気機器20の特徴量データのみで良く、この場合接続台数に対応したデータとしておけば、接続数に応じた状態監視ができることになる。
【0043】
而して管理装置1の監視処理部14は実施形態2の場合と同様に負荷特徴量検出装置1からの特徴量データに基づいて電気機器20…の劣化状態を監視し、劣化状態になって交換時期が来たと判断した場合には、表示装置7の表示器7aに判断結果を表示し、ユーザに知らせる。
【0044】
これによりユーザは電気機器20が照明器具の場合であればランプ劣化などを知ることができ、交換が速やかに行えることになる。
【0045】
尚負荷特徴量検出装置9’’に回路遮断器の代わりにスイッチ部97を設けるとともに監視処理部14で過大電流検出を行い、過大電流検出時にはオフ制御データを管理装置1から負荷特徴量検出装置9’’へ送りスイッチ部97を強制オフするようにしても良い。
【0046】
(実施形態4)
本実施形態は実施形態3のシステムを道路灯やトンネル用照明器具の劣化監視を行うシステムに発展させたもので、図9に示すよう道路に設置された道路灯20aやトンネルに設置された照明器具20bを実施形態3の場合と同様に同一の電力線50に複数台接続し、各電力線50に対応させて設けてある分電盤2’に負荷特徴量検出装置9”を収納し、これら負荷特徴量検出装置9”の通信回路97を専用或いはインターネット等のネットワークの通信線30に接続し、ネットワークを通じて道路管理事務所Xに設置している管理装置1に特徴量データを送信するようにしたものである。ここで管理装置1を、表示装置を備えたコンピュータシステムで構成し、監視処理部14の機能をコンピュータシステムの演算装置がアプリケーションソフトを実行することで実現し、特徴量データベースにはハードディスク装置等の外部記憶装置を用いる。
【0047】
而して本実施形態では、トンネルや道路から離れた場所に存在する道路管理事務所Xの管理装置1で、それぞれに設けてある道路灯20aや照明器具20bのランプの劣化を含めた動作状態の監視をそれぞれの負荷特徴量検出装置9’’から送られくる特徴量データにより行えることなる。
【0048】
(実施形態5)
本実施形態は実施形態3のシステムを集合住宅等の共用設備として設けられる街路灯の劣化監視を行うシステムに発展させたもので、図10に示すよう道路に設置された街路灯20cを実施形態3の場合と同様に同一の電力線50に複数台接続し、各電力線50に対応させて設けてある共用部の分電盤2’’に負荷特徴量検出装置9”を収納し、これら負荷特徴量検出装置9”の通信回路97をLAN等の通信線30’に接続し、該通信線30’を通じて管理人事務所Yに設置している管理装置1に特徴量データを送信するようにしたものである。尚ここで管理装置1を、表示装置を備えたコンピュータシステムで構成し、監視処理部14の機能をコンピュータシステムの演算装置がアプリケーションソフトを実行することで実現し、特徴量データベースにはハードディスク装置等の外部記憶装置を用いる。
【0049】
而して本実施形態では、街路灯20cから離れた場所に存在する道事務所Xの管理装置1で、それぞれに設けてある街路灯20cのランプの劣化を含めた動作状態の監視をそれぞれの負荷特徴量検出装置9’’から送られくる特徴量データにより行えることなる。
【0050】
ところで管理人が常駐しない集合住宅の場合には集合住宅の管理会社Zに設けた管理装置1にインターネット31を通じて負荷特徴量検出装置9’’から特徴量データを送るようにしても良い。
(実施形態6)
上述の監視対象となるものは家庭用電化機器のような電気機器20や道路灯20a、トンネル用照明器具20b、街路灯20cのような電気機器であったが、例えば実験設備や分析装置など研究機器の状態監視に用いたのが本実施形態であり、図11に示すように各研究機器20d…を接続する電力線50を研究機器用分電盤2’’’にそれぞれに対応した負荷特徴量検出装置9’’を収納し、例えば研究所の管理事務所Wに設けた管理装置1と各負荷特徴量検出装置9’’とをLAN等の通信線3を介して接続することで、過電流が流れるような異常状態発生の監視や、機器劣化の監視を行うようになっている。
【0051】
【発明の効果】
請求項1の発明では、電気機器と電源との間に介在し、電気機器の通電中に電気機器に供給される電気量の挙動から特徴量を求める手段と、この求めた特徴量データを通信線を通じて送出する第1の通信手段とを有する1乃至複数の負荷特徴量検出装置と、
予め各種電気機器毎に対応する特徴量データを個別属性データに関連付けて格納している特徴量データベースと、上記負荷特徴量検出装置から送出されてくる特徴量データを受信する第2の通信手段と、上記特徴量データベースに登録されている特徴量データと第2の通信手段で受信した特徴量データとを照合して受信した特徴量データに対応する電気機器を特定する特定手段と、特定された電気機器の特徴量データにより当該電気機器の状態を監視する監視手段とを有する管理装置とを備えているので、電気機器の使用状態を管理装置で一括監視することができ、特に電気機器側には特別な機能を付加する必要がないため、コスト的にも安価となる。
【0052】
請求項2の発明では、請求項1の発明において、上記負荷特徴量検出装置が個別の電気機器に対応して設けられ、管理装置の監視手段は、各特徴量検出装置からの特徴量データに基づいて夫々に対応する電気機器の劣化状態を診断するので、異なる電気機器の劣化状態を夫々に対して監視することができる。
【0053】
請求項3の発明では、請求項1の発明において、負荷特徴量検出装置が、複数の同種の電気機器が接続されている電力線の始端側に挿入されて、これら複数の同種の電気機器全体に供給される電気量の挙動に対応した特徴量を求め、
管理装置の監視手段は、負荷特徴量検出装置からの特徴量データに基づいて上記複数の同種の電気機器の劣化状態を診断するので、同様な特性を示す同種の複数の電気機器の特徴量データを1台の負荷特徴量検出装置で検出することができるので、コストが安価になる。
【0054】
請求項4の発明では、請求項3の発明において、上記電気機器が街路灯、トンネル用照明器具、道路灯等の公共用照明負荷であって、管理者側に設置される管理装置と特徴量検出装置との間はLANやWANのネットワークを介して接続され、負荷特徴検出装置からの特徴量データを上記ネットワークの通信線を介して上記管理装置へ送出するので、集合住宅の共用の場所に設置している街路灯や、或いは道路に設置されている道路灯、またトンネルに設置されているトンネル用照明灯の劣化を遠隔地において監視することができ、迅速にランプ交換等のメンテナンスが図れる。
【0055】
請求項5の発明では、請求項1乃至4の何れかの発明において、上記管理装置の監視手段は、特徴量検出装置からの特徴量データから過電流状態を検出する機能を備えているので、接続される電気機器側での異常による過電流状態を発見し、発火等の事故を未然に防ぐことが可能となる。
【0056】
請求項6の発明は、請求項5の発明において、特徴量検出装置には、電気機器と電源との間に挿入され過電流状態の検出時に強制オフさせられるスイッチ部を備えているので、過電流状態発生時に自動的に電源遮断が行えて発火等の事故を未然に防ぎ、安全性を高めることができる。
という効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態1のシステム構成図である。
【図2】同上に用いられる負荷特徴量検出装置の一例の構成図である。
【図3】同上に用いられる管理装置の構成図である。
【図4】同上の特徴量データベースに対する特徴量データの登録方法の一例を説明するフローチャートである。
【図5】同上に用いられる負荷特徴量検出装置の通常時の動作を説明するフローチャートである。
【図6】同上に用いられる負荷特徴量検出装置の別の構成図である。
【図7】本発明の実施形態2のシステム構成図である。
【図8】本発明の実施形態3のシステム構成図である。
【図9】本発明の実施形態4のシステム構成図である。
【図10】本発明の実施形態5のシステム構成図である。
【図11】本発明の実施形態6のシステム構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1 管理装置
2 分電盤
3 通信線
4 接続ユニット
5 モジュラージャック
6 コンセント部
7 表示装置
7a 表示器
7b 操作部
8 モジュラージャック
9、9’ 負荷特徴量検出装置
20 電気機器
21 電源コード
22 電源プラグ
50 電力線
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electric device monitoring system for monitoring deterioration and abnormality of electric devices.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a home electric appliance control network system that controls on / off of home electric appliances installed in a house through a network has been provided (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-86572 A (paragraph numbers [0067]-[0070] and FIG. 4)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described home appliance network system, it is necessary to provide the home appliance to be used with a communication function for performing communication with the controller through the network, which causes a problem of high cost, and the existing home system without the communication function has a problem. It is necessary to introduce a home electric appliance having a communication function instead of the home electric appliance, and there is a problem that a burden on a user is large.
[0005]
In addition, in order to monitor the deterioration and abnormality of each home electric device, a means for monitoring the deterioration and abnormality of each home electric device is required for each home electric device, and there is a problem that the cost becomes high.
[0006]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its object to specify an electric device being used and to determine whether the electric device is deteriorated or abnormal, by changing the electric device or adding a function. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric monitoring system that can be monitored without the use of such a system.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided means interposed between an electric device and a power supply, for obtaining a characteristic amount from a behavior of an electric amount supplied to the electric device while the electric device is energized, One or more load characteristic amount detecting devices having first communication means for transmitting the obtained characteristic amount data through a communication line;
A feature amount database in which feature amount data corresponding to each of various electric devices is stored in advance in association with the individual attribute data, and a second communication unit that receives the feature amount data transmitted from the load feature amount detection device. Identifying means for identifying the electric device corresponding to the received feature data by comparing the feature data registered in the feature database with the feature data received by the second communication means; A monitoring device for monitoring a state of the electrical device based on characteristic amount data of the electrical device.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the load characteristic amount detecting device is provided corresponding to an individual electric device, and the monitoring means of the management device is configured to output the characteristic amount data from each characteristic amount detecting device. It is characterized by diagnosing the deterioration state of the corresponding electric device based on each of them.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the load characteristic amount detecting device is inserted into a start end side of a power line to which a plurality of the same types of electric devices are connected, and the entirety of the plurality of the same types of electric devices is inserted. Find the characteristic amount corresponding to the behavior of the supplied electric quantity,
The monitoring means of the management device diagnoses the deterioration state of the plurality of same-type electrical devices based on feature amount data from the load feature amount detection device.
[0010]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the electric device is a public lighting load such as a street light, a tunnel lighting device, a road light, and the like. The detection device is connected via a LAN or WAN network, and transmits feature amount data from the load characteristic detection device to the management device via a communication line of the network.
[0011]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the monitoring means of the management device has a function of detecting an overcurrent state from feature amount data from the feature amount detection device. Features.
[0012]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the feature amount detecting device includes a switch unit inserted between the electric device and the power supply and forcibly turned off when an overcurrent state is detected. And
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of the present embodiment. In the illustrated system, a management device 1 housed in a distribution board 2 provided in a house or a building, and a pre-wired wiring from the management device 1 indoors A connection unit 4 for connecting a LAN terminal having a modular jack 5 such as a 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T connected to a LAN communication line 3 as an embedded wiring device, and a wiring which is pre-wired indoors from a distribution board 2. Power line 50, and a power supply connection end directly connected to the power line 50, an outlet portion 6 connected via a current detection element 91 (see FIG. 2) described later, and a LAN communication circuit 94 (see FIG. ), Which is connected to the signal input / output terminals of the load type characteristic detecting device 9 which is unitized in the same manner as the embedded wiring device, and which is directly connected to the power line 50. And a load connection terminal for directly connecting a permanent electrical equipment (for example, a lighting equipment) 20 connected to a power supply connection terminal via a current detection element 91 described later and the electrical equipment. A wall switch type having 20 operation switches SW, and a load characteristic amount detection device 9 ′ having a signal line connection terminal for directly connecting the signal input / output terminal of the communication circuit 94 to the communication line 3, A display device 7a that receives display data from the device 1 and displays monitoring information and a display device 7 that includes an operation unit 7b are basic components.
[0014]
An electric device 20 such as a television, a vacuum cleaner, a cooking appliance, and an air conditioner is connected to the outlet unit 6 of the load characteristic amount detecting device 9 by a power plug 22 of a power cord 21 as necessary. When a modular plug (not shown) on the other end of the LAN cable 23 whose one end is connected to the modular jack 5 of the connection unit 4 with a modular plug (not shown) is connected, the load characteristic amount is connected to the communication line 3. The detecting device 9 is connected as a LAN terminal.
[0015]
Here, in the present embodiment, Ethernet (R) is used as the LAN, but other methods may be used, and a signal medium such as wireless may be used. In FIG. 1, the communication line 3 is shown as a single line. However, actually, the communication line 3 is wired from the hub 10 (see FIG. 4) on the management device 1 side to the respective connection units 4 and the load characteristic amount detection devices 9 '. ing.
[0016]
Next, the configuration of the load characteristic amount detection device 9 will be described with reference to FIG.
[0017]
The load characteristic amount detection device 9 includes a power supply connection terminal portion 90 for directly connecting the power line 50 and an outlet portion 6 for removably connecting the power plug 22 of the electric device 20. Can supply a commercial AC power from the power line 50 through a current detecting element 91 made of a low impedance resistance element or CT. Then, based on a divided voltage waveform from a voltage dividing circuit 92 that divides an AC power supply voltage applied through the power line 50 by, for example, a resistor, and a current waveform detected by the current detecting element 91, a feature value is calculated by a method described later. And a communication circuit 94 for transmitting the feature data calculated by the feature calculation unit 93 to the LAN. The modular jack 8 is used as a signal input / output terminal of the communication circuit 94. Provided.
[0018]
The feature amount calculation unit 93 is configured by a microcomputer, and A / D-converted by an A / D converter (not shown) having a built-in input from the current detection element 91 and the voltage dividing circuit 92 to capture the current. The characteristic amount is calculated by the element 91 using the detection output corresponding to the load current value and the output voltage from the voltage dividing circuit 92.
[0019]
Here, there are various types of feature values, and these feature values can be broadly divided into three: a feature value representing the magnitude of the current, a feature value representing the shape of the current waveform, and a feature value representing the time difference between the current and the voltage. Classification is performed, and a characteristic amount necessary for specifying a model and an operation state of an electric device may be used as a characteristic amount of each classification. Here, as a result of observing the current consumption actually flowing to the household electric appliance, the average value of the current as a feature amount representing the magnitude of the current, and the peak average value (the peak value of the current is the average value) ), Peak time difference (time difference between current peak and voltage peak), energization time, peak delay rate (time from the start of energization to the peak of current is expressed as energization time) It has been found that the use of the five characteristic amounts (values obtained by dividing the characteristic amounts) makes it possible to almost certainly identify the model of the electric device and its operation state from the current waveform. The calculation is performed, and the feature amount data is sent to the management device 1 via the communication circuit 94 and the LAN.
[0020]
In the case of the load characteristic amount detecting device 9 ', a load connection terminal portion (not shown) for directly connecting the wiring from the electric device 20 is provided in place of the outlet portion 6, and an operation switch is provided on the current path. The difference from the load characteristic amount detection device 9 is that a SW is inserted and a modular plug provided on the communication line 3 side is directly connected to a modular jack provided as a signal input / output terminal of the communication circuit 94.
[0021]
Although the load characteristic amount detection device 9 shown in FIG. 1 is configured in the form of an embedded wiring device, it may be configured in a form such as a table tap. A power plug 96 is provided at the front end of the power cord 95, and the power plug 96 is connected to the power line 50 by connecting the power plug 96 to a normal outlet device 24 installed in a room or the like. For connection to a LAN, the modular jack 8 provided on the apparatus main body and the modular jack 5 of the connection unit 4 are connected by a LAN cable 23.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 3, the management device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a communication circuit 11 based on Ethernet (R) for exchanging information with the communication circuit 94 of the load characteristic amount detection device 9 and a communication circuit 11. A hub 10 for connecting to a plurality of LAN terminals via the communication line 3; and an outlet 6 of the load characteristic amount detection device 9 based on characteristic amount data sent from each of the load characteristic amount detection devices 9 and 9 '. Feature database 12 in which feature data and individual attribute data of various electrical devices 20 are registered in advance in order to identify electrical devices 20 connected to the load connection terminal unit, and the entire management device 1. A monitoring processing unit 14 composed of a microcomputer serving as the core of the system, and an interface unit 15 for inputting and outputting data to and from the display device 7 are provided.
[0023]
The monitoring processing unit 14 according to the present embodiment includes a function of a specifying unit that specifies the electric device 20 based on the feature amount data, a process of monitoring a connection position of the specified electric device 20, reading and writing data of the database 12, and the like. As a monitoring means for monitoring the state of the electric device 20 by a diagnostic function or the like for judging the normal / abnormal of the electric device 20 including a power cord or the like based on the characteristic data, and displaying the monitoring result on a display device. 7 is provided with a function of performing data processing for display.
[0024]
As for the characteristic amount data of various electric devices and the individual attribute data of the electric devices registered in the characteristic amount database 12, these data provided in advance from the electric device maker can be registered or actually used at the system installation location. At the initial start of the system, each of the electrical devices 20 is actually operated, and the feature data is transmitted from the load feature detection devices 9 and 9 ′ to the management device 1 and collected. There is a learning registration method in which the management device 1 inputs individual attribute data of the electric device 20 in association with the feature amount data.
[0025]
Here, an example of the learning registration method will be described with reference to FIG.
[0026]
In this case, for example, an instruction can be given from the operation unit 7b of the display device 7 to switch the operation of the monitoring processing unit 14 between the operation mode of the management device 1 and the normal mode. In the registration mode, when individual attribute data (for example, catalog data) including the model name of the electric device 20 connected to a certain load feature amount detection device 9 or 9 ′ is input from the operation unit 7b (step S11), the management device The instruction to cause the first monitoring processing unit 14 to perform the learning process and the individual attribute data of the electric device 20 are transmitted. Thereafter, when the electric device 20 connected to the outlet 6 (or the load connection terminal) of the load feature detection device 9 (or 9 ') is turned on and energized (step S12), the load feature detection device 9, the input from the current detecting element 91 and the voltage dividing circuit 92 is A / D converted and taken in (step S13), and the current waveform obtained by using the current detecting element 91 and the voltage dividing The characteristic amount of the current waveform is calculated based on the power supply voltage waveform obtained from the output voltage waveform of the voltage circuit 92 (step S14), and the characteristic amount data is transmitted to the management device 1 via the communication circuit 94 (step S15). Thereafter, the user keeps energizing the electric device 20 for a while, and in the case of the electric device 20 whose operation state can be switched in the determination in step S16, the user switches the operation state of the electric device 20 (step S17). ), And returns to step S13 to repeat the above operation. Then, the operation state is changed once, and the characteristic amount data in each state is sequentially transferred to the management device 1 via the communication circuit 94. Then, when the monitoring processing unit 14 of the management device 1 completes reception of all the predetermined feature data, it registers the received feature data in association with the input individual attribute data in the feature database 12 (step S1). S18). Then, the learning process of the electric device 20 is ended, and the end is displayed on the display device 7 side.
[0027]
Further, in the case of an electric device whose operation state cannot be changed in the determination in step S16, the learning process ends.
[0028]
As described above, the feature amount data and the individual attribute data of each electric device 20 connected in the system are sequentially registered in the feature amount database 12 provided in the management device 1. After the registration of all feature amount data and individual attribute data of the connected electric device 20 is completed, the user sends a command to switch the operation mode to the normal mode from the operation unit 7b of the display device 7 to the management device 1. , And enters a state of waiting for connection of the electric device 20. Although the display device 7 is used in the example, the computer connected to the LAN is used for the learning process, and the collected feature amount data and individual attribute data are transferred from the computer to the management device 1 via the LAN and registered. The management device 1 itself may be provided with an operation unit so that the above operation can be performed.
[0029]
Next, the operation of the system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
[0030]
When the power switch of the electric device 20 connected to the outlet unit 6 of the load characteristic amount detection device 9 is turned on and the energization is started, the detection output of the current level and the voltage level according to the behavior of the electric device 20 is performed. The characteristic amount is calculated from the current detection element 91 into the characteristic amount calculation unit 93. In addition, a divided voltage corresponding to the fluctuation of the power supply voltage is taken into the feature amount calculating unit 93 from the voltage dividing circuit 92.
[0031]
Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the characteristic amount calculation unit 93 takes in the outputs of the current detection element 91 and the voltage dividing circuit 92 from an A / D conversion unit (not shown) (step S1), and calculates the current from the taken-in value. An average value of the value and the voltage value for several cycles is calculated (step S2). Next, the feature value calculation unit 93 determines whether or not feature value data has been transmitted to the management device 1 (step S3). If no feature value data has been transmitted, the process after step S5 is performed. The process is performed, and if the feature amount data has been transmitted, the determination in step S4 is performed. In the determination process of step S4, the feature value calculation unit 93 determines whether the average value obtained in step S2 has changed by a certain value or more from the average value previously transmitted to the management device 1, and the average value is determined to be a certain value. If it has changed, the processing after step S5 is performed, and if the amount of change in the average value is less than the fixed value, the process returns to step S1 to repeat the above processing.
[0032]
In step S5, the feature value calculation unit 93 calculates a feature value other than the average value by calculation. When the calculation of the feature value is completed, the feature value data and the load feature value detection device 9 of the load feature value detection device 9 are transmitted to the management device 1 through the communication circuit 94. It is transmitted together with the identification data (such as the IP address and the MAC address of the communication circuit 94) (step S6).
[0033]
The monitoring processing unit 14 of the management device 1 compares the feature data received through the communication circuit 11 with the feature data registered in the feature database 12, and if there is a match, the feature data is The model name and the like of the electric device 20 are specified from the corresponding individual attribute data (step S7).
[0034]
In this case, the monitoring processing unit 14 compares the received feature data with the feature data registered in the feature database 12, and determines whether the electric device having the feature data substantially coincides with the received feature data. 20 is selected as a candidate. Then, the monitoring processing unit 14 further compares each of the plurality of feature amount data and selects a candidate for the electric device 20, and as a result, finally selects and determines the electric device 20 selected as the most candidate. When the monitoring processing unit 14 specifies the connected electric device 20, the monitoring processing unit 14 determines the connection position of the electric device 20 in association with the identification data of the load feature detection device 9 that has transmitted the characteristic data of the electric device 20.
[0035]
In this manner, the management device 1 can grasp the connection position of the electric device 20. For the electric device 20 whose connection position such as a refrigerator, an air conditioner, and a lighting fixture does not change, the management device 1 uses the load feature amount detection device 9. The energization state can be continuously monitored by receiving the feature amount data sent with the change of the average value by a certain value or more.
[0036]
Then, in a state where the electric device 20 is continuously operating, the monitoring processing unit 14 determines that the characteristic amount data sent from the load characteristic amount detecting device 9 or 9 ′ has the above-described average value change set in advance. If it is determined that the current flowing through the electric device 20 exceeds an allowable range and the current flowing through the electric device 20 is excessive, a diagnostic function of displaying the current on the display 7a of the display device 7 is also provided.
[0037]
The excessive current may flow due to a power cord determination line, tracking, or the like, and there is a danger of the cord igniting or generating heat due to the excessive current. However, as described above, the indicator 7a of the display device 7 may be used. By displaying the overcurrent in the, it is possible to notify the occupants, and thus it is possible to prevent an accident from occurring.
[0038]
Here, as shown in FIG. 6, a switch unit 97 such as a contact point of a relay device is inserted into the load characteristic amount detection device 9 (or 9 ′) in the current path to the electric device 20, and the monitoring processing unit 14 is connected as described above. If it is determined that the diagnosis function is abnormal, the control function provided in the monitoring processing unit 14 creates off-control data for turning off the switch unit 97, and sends it to the corresponding load characteristic amount detection device 9 through the communication circuit 94. A function for transmitting the signal and forcibly turning off the switch unit 97 may be provided.
(Embodiment 2)
Although the first embodiment is used for monitoring overcurrent, the present embodiment monitors the deterioration in the case of an electric device 20 such as a lighting fixture or an air conditioner which is used continuously without changing a connection place. It constitutes the system. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, a load feature detection device 9 ″ that does not include the operation switch SW and directly connects the electric device 20 to the load connection terminal is used. Note that the internal configuration of the load characteristic amount detection device 9 ″ is the same as that of the load characteristic amount detection device 9 of FIGS. 2 and 6, and a description of the internal configuration will be omitted. Also, the internal configurations of the management device 1 and the display device 7 are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not shown.
[0039]
Thus, the monitoring processing unit 14 of the management device 1 of the present embodiment continuously monitors the characteristic change of the connected electric device 20 based on the feature data sent from each load feature detection device 9 ″. Then, when receiving the characteristic amount data for determining that the electric device 20 has deteriorated, the display device 7 displays the deterioration of the electric device 20.
[0040]
Thus, if the electric device 20 is a lighting device, the user can know the lamp deterioration or the like, and the replacement can be performed promptly. In addition, it is possible to know that other electric devices 20 need to be replaced.
[0041]
(Embodiment 3)
In the system of the second embodiment, the load characteristic amount detection device 9 (or 9 ′ or 9 ″) is provided for each of the electric devices 20 used. A plurality of electric devices 20 of the same type are connected to a power line 50 branched from the distribution board 2 as shown in FIG. The load characteristic amount detection device 9 ″ is interposed at the start end. The load characteristic amount detection device 9 ″ is provided on the distribution board 2, and a circuit breaker is provided inside the switchboard 97 instead of the switch unit 97. That is, when an overcurrent or a short-circuit current flows in the power line 50 connecting the plurality of electric devices 20, the power line 50 can be cut off.
[0042]
Since other configurations are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, the description of the configuration of the management device 1 and the configuration of the display device 7 will be omitted. In addition, since only the same type of electric device 20 is supported, the data to be registered in the feature amount database 12 may be only the feature amount data of the electric device 20. In this case, if the data corresponds to the number of connected devices, the data corresponds to the number of connected devices. Status monitoring will be possible.
[0043]
Thus, the monitoring processing unit 14 of the management device 1 monitors the deterioration state of the electric devices 20 based on the characteristic amount data from the load characteristic amount detection device 1 as in the case of the second embodiment. When it is determined that the replacement time has come, the determination result is displayed on the display 7a of the display device 7 to notify the user.
[0044]
Thus, if the electric device 20 is a lighting device, the user can know the lamp deterioration or the like, and the replacement can be performed promptly.
[0045]
The load feature detection device 9 ″ is provided with a switch unit 97 instead of a circuit breaker, and the monitoring processing unit 14 detects an excessive current. When the excess current is detected, the off control data is sent from the management device 1 to the load feature detection device. Alternatively, the feed switch unit 97 may be forcibly turned off at 9 ″.
[0046]
(Embodiment 4)
This embodiment is obtained by developing the system of the third embodiment into a system for monitoring the deterioration of a road lamp or a lighting device for a tunnel, as shown in FIG. A plurality of the appliances 20b are connected to the same power line 50 as in the case of the third embodiment, and the load characteristic amount detecting device 9 ″ is housed in the distribution board 2 ′ provided corresponding to each power line 50, and these loads are loaded. The communication circuit 97 of the feature detection device 9 ″ is connected to a communication line 30 of a network such as a dedicated or Internet network, and the feature data is transmitted to the management device 1 installed in the road management office X through the network. Things. Here, the management device 1 is configured by a computer system including a display device, and the function of the monitoring processing unit 14 is realized by an arithmetic unit of the computer system executing application software, and the feature amount database includes a hard disk device or the like. Use an external storage device.
[0047]
Thus, in the present embodiment, the management device 1 of the road management office X, which is located away from the tunnel or the road, operates in a state including the deterioration of the lamps of the road lights 20a and the lighting fixtures 20b provided respectively. Can be monitored by the feature value data sent from each load feature value detection device 9 ″.
[0048]
(Embodiment 5)
The present embodiment is obtained by developing the system of Embodiment 3 into a system for monitoring the deterioration of street lights provided as shared facilities such as an apartment house, and uses a street light 20c installed on a road as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of units are connected to the same power line 50, and the load characteristic amount detection device 9 ″ is housed in the distribution board 2 ″ of the common unit provided corresponding to each power line 50. The communication circuit 97 of the quantity detection device 9 ″ is connected to a communication line 30 ′ such as a LAN, and the feature amount data is transmitted to the management device 1 installed in the management office Y through the communication line 30 ′. Things. Here, the management device 1 is configured by a computer system having a display device, and the function of the monitoring processing unit 14 is realized by the execution of application software by the computing device of the computer system. Is used.
[0049]
Thus, in the present embodiment, the management device 1 of the road office X, which is located away from the street light 20c, monitors the operation state including the deterioration of the lamp of the street light 20c provided for each. This can be performed by the feature amount data sent from the load feature amount detection device 9 ″.
[0050]
By the way, in the case of a condominium where no manager is resident, the feature data may be sent from the load feature detection device 9 ″ to the management device 1 provided in the management company Z of the condominium through the Internet 31.
(Embodiment 6)
The targets to be monitored are electrical devices 20 such as household appliances and electrical devices such as road lights 20a, lighting devices for tunnels 20b, and street lights 20c. This embodiment is used for monitoring the state of the device. As shown in FIG. 11, the power line 50 connecting the research devices 20d... Is connected to the load characteristic amount corresponding to the research device distribution board 2 ′ ″. By storing the detection device 9 ″ and connecting the management device 1 provided in the management office W of the research laboratory and each load characteristic amount detection device 9 ″ via the communication line 3 such as a LAN, It monitors the occurrence of an abnormal state in which a current flows, and monitors the deterioration of equipment.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, means for intervening between the electric device and the power supply for obtaining a characteristic amount from the behavior of the amount of electricity supplied to the electric device while the electric device is energized, and communicating the obtained characteristic amount data One or more load characteristic amount detection devices having first communication means for transmitting the data through a line;
A feature amount database in which feature amount data corresponding to each of various electric devices is stored in advance in association with the individual attribute data, and a second communication unit that receives the feature amount data transmitted from the load feature amount detection device. Identifying means for identifying the electric device corresponding to the received feature data by comparing the feature data registered in the feature database with the feature data received by the second communication means; A management device having monitoring means for monitoring the state of the electric device based on characteristic amount data of the electric device, so that the use state of the electric device can be collectively monitored by the management device, and particularly the electric device side Since there is no need to add a special function, the cost is low.
[0052]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the load characteristic amount detecting device is provided corresponding to an individual electric device, and the monitoring means of the management device is configured to output the characteristic amount data from each characteristic amount detecting device. Since the deterioration states of the electric devices corresponding to the respective electric devices are diagnosed on the basis thereof, the deterioration states of the different electric devices can be monitored for each.
[0053]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the load characteristic amount detecting device is inserted into a start end side of a power line to which a plurality of the same types of electric devices are connected, and the entirety of the plurality of the same types of electric devices is inserted. Find the characteristic amount corresponding to the behavior of the supplied electric quantity,
Since the monitoring means of the management device diagnoses the deterioration state of the plurality of similar electrical devices based on the feature value data from the load feature value detection device, the feature value data of the same plurality of similar electrical devices exhibiting similar characteristics. Can be detected by a single load characteristic amount detection device, so that the cost is reduced.
[0054]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the electric device is a public lighting load such as a street light, a tunnel lighting device, a road light, and the like. The detection device is connected via a LAN or WAN network, and the feature data from the load characteristic detection device is sent to the management device via the communication line of the network. Deterioration of installed street lights, road lights installed on roads, and tunnel illumination lights installed in tunnels can be monitored at remote locations, and maintenance such as lamp replacement can be performed quickly. .
[0055]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the monitoring means of the management device has a function of detecting an overcurrent state from feature amount data from the feature amount detection device. It is possible to detect an overcurrent state due to an abnormality on the connected electric device side, thereby preventing an accident such as ignition.
[0056]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the fifth aspect, the feature amount detection device includes a switch portion inserted between the electric device and the power supply and forcibly turned off when an overcurrent state is detected. When a current state occurs, the power supply can be automatically cut off, thereby preventing an accident such as a fire, and improving safety.
This has the effect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an example of a load feature amount detection device used in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a management device used in the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of registering feature data in the feature database according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a normal operation of the load feature amount detection device used in the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another configuration of the load characteristic amount detection device used in the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a system configuration diagram according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a system configuration diagram according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a system configuration diagram according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a system configuration diagram according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a system configuration diagram according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 management device
2 Distribution board
3 Communication line
4 Connection unit
5 Modular jack
6. Outlet
7 Display device
7a Display
7b Operation unit
8 modular jack
9, 9 'Load feature detection device
20 electrical equipment
21 Power cord
22 Power plug
50 power lines

Claims (6)

電気機器と電源との間に介在し、電気機器の通電中に電気機器に供給される電気量の挙動から特徴量を求める手段と、この求めた特徴量データを通信線を通じて送出する第1の通信手段とを有する1乃至複数の負荷特徴量検出装置と、
予め各種電気機器毎に対応する特徴量データを個別属性データに関連付けて格納している特徴量データベースと、上記負荷特徴量検出装置から送出されてくる特徴量データを受信する第2の通信手段と、上記特徴量データベースに登録されている特徴量データと第2の通信手段で受信した特徴量データとを照合して受信した特徴量データに対応する電気機器を特定する特定手段と、特定された電気機器の特徴量データにより当該電気機器の状態を監視する監視手段とを有する管理装置とを備えたことを特徴とする電気機器監視システム。
Means for intervening between the electric device and the power supply for obtaining a characteristic amount from the behavior of the amount of electricity supplied to the electric device during energization of the electric device; and a first means for transmitting the obtained characteristic amount data through a communication line. One or more load characteristic amount detection devices having communication means;
A feature amount database in which feature amount data corresponding to each of various electric devices is stored in advance in association with the individual attribute data, and a second communication unit that receives the feature amount data transmitted from the load feature amount detection device. Identifying means for identifying the electric device corresponding to the received feature data by comparing the feature data registered in the feature database with the feature data received by the second communication means; A monitoring device for monitoring a state of the electrical device based on characteristic amount data of the electrical device.
上記負荷特徴量検出装置が個別の電気機器に対応して設けられ、管理装置の監視手段は、各特徴量検出装置からの特徴量データに基づいて夫々に対応する電気機器の劣化状態を診断することを特徴とする請求項1記載の電気機器監視システム。The load characteristic amount detecting device is provided corresponding to the individual electric device, and the monitoring unit of the management device diagnoses the deterioration state of the corresponding electric device based on the characteristic amount data from each characteristic amount detecting device. The electrical equipment monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: 負荷特徴量検出装置が、複数の同種の電気機器が接続されている電力線の始端側に挿入されて、これら複数の同種の電気機器全体に供給される電気量の挙動に対応した特徴量を求め、
管理装置の監視手段は、負荷特徴量検出装置からの特徴量データに基づいて上記複数の同種の電気機器の劣化状態を診断することを特徴とする請求項1記載の電気機器監視システム。
A load feature detection device is inserted at the start end of a power line to which a plurality of similar electrical devices are connected, and obtains a feature corresponding to the behavior of the electrical quantity supplied to the plurality of similar electrical devices as a whole. ,
2. The electrical equipment monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring unit of the management device diagnoses the deterioration state of the plurality of same types of electrical equipment based on feature amount data from the load feature amount detection device.
上記電気機器が街路灯、トンネル用照明器具、道路灯等の公共用照明負荷であって、管理者側に設置される管理装置と特徴量検出装置との間はLANやWANのネットワークを介して接続され、負荷特徴検出装置からの特徴量データを上記ネットワークの通信線を介して上記管理装置へ送出することを特徴とする請求項3記載の電気機器監視システム。The electric device is a public lighting load such as a street light, a lighting device for a tunnel, a road light, and the like, and a management device installed on a manager side and a feature amount detection device are connected via a LAN or WAN network. 4. The electrical equipment monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein the electrical equipment monitoring system is connected and sends the feature data from the load feature detection apparatus to the management apparatus via a communication line of the network. 上記管理装置の監視手段は、特徴量検出装置からの特徴量データから過電流状態を検出する機能を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4の何れか記載の電気機器監視システム。The electrical equipment monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the monitoring unit of the management device has a function of detecting an overcurrent state from the feature data from the feature detection device. . 特徴量検出装置には、電気機器と電源との間に挿入され過電流状態の検出時に強制オフさせられるスイッチ部を備えていることを特徴とする請求項5記載の電気機器監視システム。6. The electric equipment monitoring system according to claim 5, wherein the characteristic amount detection device includes a switch unit inserted between the electric equipment and the power supply and forcibly turned off when an overcurrent state is detected.
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