JP2004217763A - Process for producing polyvinyl acetal resin - Google Patents

Process for producing polyvinyl acetal resin Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004217763A
JP2004217763A JP2003006019A JP2003006019A JP2004217763A JP 2004217763 A JP2004217763 A JP 2004217763A JP 2003006019 A JP2003006019 A JP 2003006019A JP 2003006019 A JP2003006019 A JP 2003006019A JP 2004217763 A JP2004217763 A JP 2004217763A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
reactor
polyvinyl acetal
acid catalyst
acetal resin
polyvinyl alcohol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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JP2003006019A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP3933584B2 (en
Inventor
Yoshihiro Masuko
芳弘 増子
Yukimi Goto
幸己 後藤
Hitoshi Watanabe
均 渡辺
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Denka Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to JP2003006019A priority Critical patent/JP3933584B2/en
Application filed by Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK filed Critical Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
Priority to PCT/JP2003/001327 priority patent/WO2003066690A1/en
Priority to CNB038035634A priority patent/CN1282666C/en
Priority to KR1020047011620A priority patent/KR100993160B1/en
Priority to AU2003207182A priority patent/AU2003207182B2/en
Priority to NZ534383A priority patent/NZ534383A/en
Priority to EP03703265A priority patent/EP1473309B1/en
Priority to US10/503,123 priority patent/US7385005B2/en
Priority to DE60334523T priority patent/DE60334523D1/en
Priority to CA2475255A priority patent/CA2475255C/en
Publication of JP2004217763A publication Critical patent/JP2004217763A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3933584B2 publication Critical patent/JP3933584B2/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for producing a high-quality polyvinyl acetal resin with a very low metal component content by using a rational reaction apparatus capable of inhibiting the adhesion of the polyvinyl acetal resin to the reactor, a pipeline, etc., without requiring a large production facility. <P>SOLUTION: The process for producing the polyvinyl acetal resin by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst comprises steps of charging water or an aqueous solution of the acid catalyst dissolved therein in the reactor, feeding polyvinyl alcohol, the aldehyde, and the acid catalyst to the reactor, then stopping feeding the raw materials, and conducting acetalization and aging reaction in the reactor to cause the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal to reach at least 60 mol%. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、反応器に予め水あるいは酸触媒を溶解した水溶液を仕込み、ポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドと酸触媒を供給し、原料の供給を停止し、次いで該反応器内でアセタール化反応及び熟成反応させて、ポリビニルアセタールのアセタール化度を少なくとも60モル%にすることを特徴とするポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造方法、及び金属成分含有量の少ないポリビニルアセタール樹脂に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂は、塗料、接着剤、バインダー、及び成形体等に広く用いられている。従来、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂は、バッチ的に水溶液中のポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドを酸触媒の存在下で反応させ、生成するポリビニルアセタールの樹脂スラリーをアルカリで中和し、脱水、洗浄した後に乾燥して粉粒状の形態として製造する方法が一般的である。
【0003】
これまで、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂に関する報告は多いが、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を製造する反応装置に関する報告は少なく、例えば、ループ状反応器(例えば、特許文献1参照)、平滑表面を有する反応器(例えば、特許文献2参照)、耐腐食性材料からなる反応器(例えば、特許文献3参照)、高撹拌機付反応器(例えば、特許文献4参照)などがある。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平5−59117号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平4−275310号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平5−140216号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平11−349629号公報
【0005】
従来、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂は、製造工程において、水酸化ナトリウムなどのアルカリ中和剤を使用すると、未反応のアルカリ中和剤や酸触媒、及びアルカリ中和剤が酸触媒と反応して生成した金属塩などが、後のポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造工程において、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の粒子中に取り込まれたり、樹脂粒子表面に付着して製品中に残存する。こうした樹脂中に残存する金属成分、例えばアルカリ金属は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の特性である、例えば、透明性、耐湿性、電気絶縁性などを損なわせ、透明性や耐湿性が高度に要求される成形体や、電気絶縁性が要求される電子材料用接着剤用途で品質上の問題を引き起こす。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、樹脂中の金属成分が少ない高品質のポリビニルアセタール樹脂を製造するためには、十分な反応時間を確保するために大型の製造設備が必要であったり、反応器や配管などへのポリビニルアセタール樹脂の付着を抑えるために、高度な設備設計と材料選定が必要であった。従って、こうした問題を回避するために、より合理的な製造設備の開発が望まれていた。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、ポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドを酸触媒の存在下で反応させてポリビニルアセタール樹脂を製造する方法において、反応器に予め水あるいは酸触媒を溶解した水溶液を仕込み、ポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドと酸触媒を供給し、原料の供給を停止し、次いで該反応器内でアセタール化反応及び熟成反応させて、ポリビニルアセタールのアセタール化度を少なくとも60モル%にすることを特徴とするポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造方法であり、予め、反応器に仕込む水あるいは酸触媒を溶解した水溶液の容積と、反応器に供給するポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドと酸触媒の単位時間当たりの容積が(a式)の関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造方法であり、
V/v ≧ 0.5 (a式)
ここで、V[L]は反応器に予め仕込む水あるいは酸触媒を溶解した水溶液の容積であり、v[L/hr]は反応器に供給するポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドと酸触媒の単位時間当たりの容積である。更に、反応器内の反応温度が20〜50℃の範囲であるポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造方法であり、得られたポリビニルアセタール樹脂をアルカリで中和し、水洗、脱水、乾燥して得られる、金属含有量が80ppm以下である、多孔質ポリビニルアセタール樹脂である。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。尚、以下の説明において特に断りのない限り部および%は質量基準で示す。
本発明の原料として使用するポリビニルアルコールは、平均重合度200〜4000、ケン化度が80%以上のものを用いる。また、本発明に使用するポリビニルアルコールは、反応器に連続的に供給するため、適正な粘度を示す3〜15%の水溶液として使用することが好ましい。
【0009】
本発明の原料として使用するアルデヒドは、広くポリビニルアセタール樹脂の合成に用いられるアルデヒドを用いることができ、一例を示せば、ホルムアルデヒド、アセトアルデヒド、プロピオンアルデヒド、n−ブチルアルデヒド、tert−ブチルアルデヒド、アミルアルデヒド、ヘキシルアルデヒド、2−エチルヘキシルアルデヒドなどの脂肪族アルデヒド類、シクロヘキシルアルデヒド、フルフラールなどの脂環族アルデヒド類、ベンズアルデヒド、アルキル置換ベンズアルデヒド、ハロゲン置換ベンズアルデヒド、フェニル置換アルキルアルデヒドなどの芳香族アルデヒド類などがある。これらの中で、アセトアルデヒド、ブチルアルデヒドが好ましく用いられる。これらのアルデヒドは単独で用いてもよく、二種以上併用してもよい。
【0010】
本発明に使用する酸触媒としては、例えば、塩酸、リン酸、硫酸、クエン酸、パラトルエンスルホン酸などを、一種で、あるいは、二種以上混合して用いる。酸触媒を用いる場合の水溶液濃度は、0.01〜35%の範囲で任意に選定できる。酸触媒は、通常、反応液のpHが0.3〜2.0となるように適量添加する。
【0011】
次に、本発明のポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造方法は、反応器に予め水あるいは酸触媒を溶解した水溶液を仕込み、ポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドと酸触媒を供給し、原料の供給を停止し、次いで該反応器内でアセタール化反応させて、ポリビニルアセタールのアセタール化度を少なくとも60モル%以上にすることを特徴としている。
【0012】
ここで、本発明のポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造方法は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の原料であるポリビニルアルコール、アルデヒド、酸触媒の、反応装置と反応方法に特徴がある。まず、反応器内に水または酸触媒を溶解した水溶液を所定量仕込む。水または酸触媒を溶解した水溶液の仕込量V[L]は、三種類の原料の単位時間当たりの合計供給容積をv[L/hr]とした時に、
V/v ≧ 0.5 (a式)
の関係を満たすことが好ましい。上記(a式)を満足させることにより、反応器内で反応初期に生成するポリビニルアセタール樹脂の缶壁への付着を抑制できる。次に、撹拌した状態で、ポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドと酸触媒を連続的に供給し、反応器を満たす様に、またはそれ以前に所望する液レベルまでで原料の供給を停止し、次いで該反応器内でアセタール化反応及び熟成反応させて、アセタール化度を少なくとも60モル%以上に到達させる。
【0013】
反応器へのポリビニルアルコール水溶液、アルデヒド、及び酸触媒の供給方法は、特に限定されないが、▲1▼ポリビニルアルコール水溶液、アルデヒド、及び酸触媒を三つの供給口から別々に供給する方法、▲2▼ポリビニルアルコールと酸触媒を予め混合し、ポリビニルアルコールと酸触媒の混合液と、アルデヒドとを別々に供給口から供給する方法、▲3▼ポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドを予め混合し、ポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドの混合液と、酸触媒とを別々に供給口から供給する方法などが採用できる。これらのうち、反応制御の観点から、▲1▼、▲2▼が好ましい。
【0014】
本発明で用いる反応器は、フィードしたポリビニルアルコール水溶液、アルデヒド、酸触媒を均一場で反応させる観点から、撹拌機構の付いた槽状反応器、あるいは管型反応器が好ましい。また、反応器としては満液型反応器、気液界面を有する開放型反応器などの反応器を使用できる。撹拌条件としては、適正な混合撹拌を発現させる観点から、単位体積当たりの撹拌動力が0.05kW/m以上となるように実施することが好ましい。
【0015】
反応器内の反応液を撹拌するために用いる撹拌翼としては、三枚後退翼、パドル翼、アンカー翼、マックスブレンド翼、フルゾーン翼などがある。混合を十分に達成させる観点からは、マックスブレンド翼、フルゾーン翼などのいわゆる大型翼を使用することが好ましい。
【0016】
撹拌方式としては、撹拌翼及び撹拌軸への付着を抑制する観点から、下部撹拌方式が好ましい。また、バッフルについても付着を抑制する観点から、下部バッフル方式が好ましい。
【0017】
本発明では、ポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドと酸触媒を連続的あるいは断続的に供給し、反応器を満たす様に、またはそれ以前に所望する液レベルに達した時点で供給を停止し、撹拌した状態でアセタール化反応を実施する。一般に、アセタール化反応の反応温度は、0〜90℃の範囲に設定される。しかしながら、アセタール化反応は、この0〜90℃の温度範囲の中温付近(20〜50℃)で行われることは一般的ではなく、通常、洗浄性に優れた樹脂を得るために、10℃以下の低温、あるいは、逆に意図的に60℃以上の高温で行われる。しかしながら、本発明においては、このアセタール化反応は、一般に行われている0〜90℃の温度範囲の中で特に中温付近、すなわち20〜50℃、好ましくは25〜45℃が選定される事を特徴としている。このように、20〜50℃の”中温”における反応によって、洗浄性のよい多孔質の(比表面積が大きい)樹脂が得られることが本発明の特徴の一つである。反応時間は、10分〜10時間、好ましくは30分〜4時間の範囲で選定する。
【0018】
次いで、該反応器内で引き続き熟成反応を実施し、アセタール化度を少なくとも60モル%以上に到達させる。この熟成反応の反応温度は室温〜90℃、好ましくは30〜70℃の範囲であり、反応時間はアセタール化反応が所望するアセタール化度まで到達、完結する様に設定され、通常1〜24時間、好ましくは1〜5時間の範囲である。アセタール化反応と熟成反応を、同一反応器を用いて実施できることも本発明の特徴の一つである。
【0019】
こうして得られたポリビニルアセタール反応液(以下、しばしばスラリーと言い換える)は、酸触媒により酸性を呈している。このスラリーを中和するために、水酸化ナトリウムや重炭酸ナトリウムなどのアルカリ中和剤を添加する。通常、pHが7〜11となるように調整する。
【0020】
次に、脱水と水洗を繰り返して、粉粒体の空隙や表面に残留している金属成分を除去する。この他、残留する酸触媒、アルデヒドなどの反応残さも除去する。
【0021】
この水洗は、室温〜60℃の温度で行う。一般には、40℃以上が好ましいが、本発明による樹脂粉粒体は比表面積が大きいので、室温での水洗浄でも十分な洗浄性を有することも、本発明の特徴の一つである。
【0022】
乾燥方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、真空乾燥法、熱風流動乾燥法などの従来の方法を採用できる。
【0023】
本発明で得られるポリビニルアセタール樹脂は多孔質であることを特徴としている。多孔質の一つの指標となる比表面積は、水銀圧入法測定装置を用いて測定できる。本発明においては、島津製作所(株)製自動ポロジメータオートポアIV500を用い、以下の手順、条件で測定した。まず、試料約0.6gを試料セルに取り、秤量した後、装置にセットし、次に、装置内で50μmHg(6.7Pa)まで真空排気処理した後、測定した。水銀注入圧力1psia(6900Pa)、最大水銀頭圧力44500psia(290MPa)、平衡時間10秒の条件で行った。
【0024】
一次粒子径は、5000倍で撮影した走査型電子顕微鏡写真を基に、少なくともn=20以上の粒子について計測し、これら測定結果から平均粒子径として算出した。
【0025】
本発明で得られるポリビニルアセタール樹脂は比表面積が大きく、金属成分の洗浄除去性に優れるため、結果として樹脂中の金属成分含有量が極めて少なく、いろいろな塗料、接着剤、バインダー、成型体などの原料樹脂として好適に用いることができる。
【0026】
本発明で得られるポリビニルアセタール樹脂には、可塑剤、滑剤、充填剤、安定剤などを適宜選定、添加することができる。配合剤を配合する方法は、通常、樹脂加工分野で用いる任意の方法が採用できる。例えば、ミキシングロール、ニーダーなどの密閉混合機、混練機能を有する押出機などが使用できる。
【0027】
【実施例】
以下に実施例により本発明を詳しく説明するが、本発明は下記の実施例により限定されるものではない。
【0028】
実施例1
原料の一つであるポリビニルアルコール水溶液は以下の手順で調整した。15LのSUS製溶解槽に、純水9000部、及び、平均重合度1800、ケン化度99.1モル%のポリビニルアルコール1000部を投入し、加温してポリビニルアルコールを完溶させた。その後、ポリビニルアルコール水溶液を50℃に保持した。
【0029】
撹拌機構の付いた(撹拌翼はd/D=0.65のテフロン(登録商標)製アンカー翼)、実容積6Lのガラス製槽型反応器を用意した。反応器上部三箇所から、バッフルを兼ねた三本の挿入管を取り付けた。純水1Lを仕込み、35℃に温調した。次に、撹拌した状態(撹拌回転数65rpm)で、各々の挿入管から、10%ポリビニルアルコール水溶液、ブチルアルデヒド、20%塩酸をフィードした。各々の供給速度は16.7mL/min、1.30mL/min、1.09mL/minで実施した(単位時間当たりの原料供給容積1.15L/hr、V/v≒0.87)。フィード中、液面の上昇と共に、撹拌回転数を徐々に上げた(65→120rpm)。この一連の操作中、反応器ジャケットを使って内温を制御し、30℃に保持した。反応器フィード総量が4Lになった(予め仕込んだ20%塩酸を加えた総液量5L)時点で、原料フィードを停止した。この状態で1時間保持し、アセタール化反応を継続した。1時間経過後、ジャケットに温水を流し、反応器を加温し、内温を55℃に保持した。この状態で撹拌回転数を120→140rpmに上げて、2時間保持した。こうしてポリビニルアセタール(スラリー)を得た。
【0030】
次いで、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加し、pH9に調整した。
【0031】
常温まで冷却した後、このスラリーを遠心分離器により含水率45%に脱水し、樹脂分に対して10倍量の水を添加して希釈し、30分間撹拌して水洗した。
【0032】
この脱水、水洗操作を三回繰り返し、得られたスラリーを再度脱水した後、乾燥して白色粉粒状のポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。なお、水洗に用いた水の温度はいずれも25℃であった。
【0033】
島津製作所(株)製自動ポロシメータオートポアIV500を用いて測定した樹脂粉粒体単位重量当たりの比表面積は3.3m/gであった。
【0034】
ICP発光元素分析で測定した樹脂中のナトリウム元素含有量は11ppmであった。
【0035】
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度、ポロシメータで測定した樹脂粉粒体の比表面積、粒子径、ICPで測定した樹脂中のナトリウム量の結果をまとめて表1に示した。
【0036】
実施例2
実施例1において、反応器内温を25℃とし、予め反応器に1%塩酸を1L仕込み、その他は同じ条件で実施した。
【0037】
実施例3
実施例1において、ポリビニルアルコール水溶液、ブチルアルデヒド、20%塩酸の供給速度を9.8mL/min、0.77mL/min、0.64mL/minで実施した(単位時間当たりの原料供給容積0.67L/hr、V/v≒1.49)。
【0038】
実施例4
実施例1において、撹拌翼として三枚後退翼(d/D=0.64)と中段パドル翼(d/D=0.60)を用いて実施した。
【0039】
実施例5
実施例1において、反応器下部に撹拌機構の付いた(撹拌翼はd/D=0.65のテフロン(登録商標)製アンカー翼)、実容積6Lのガラス製槽型反応器を用いて実施した。
【0040】
実施例6
原料の一つであるポリビニルアルコール水溶液は以下の手順で調整した。2mのSUS製溶解槽に、純水900000部、及び、平均重合度1800、ケン化度99.0モル%のポリビニルアルコール100000部を投入し、加温してポリビニルアルコールを完溶させ、その後、45℃に保持した。
【0041】
撹拌機構の付いた(撹拌翼は、テフロン(登録商標)コーティングした住友重機械(株)製マックスブレンド翼(d/D=0.55))、容積1mの槽型反応器(内面グラスライニング)を用意した。反応器上部三箇所から、バッフルを兼ねた三本の挿入管を取り付けた。純水150Lを仕込み、32℃に温調した。次に、撹拌した状態(撹拌回転数50rpm、単位体積当たりの動力Pv=0.15kW/m)で、各々の挿入管から、10%ポリビニルアルコール水溶液、ブチルアルデヒド、35%塩酸をフィードした。各々の供給速度は100L/hr、7.7L/hr、3.1L/hrで実施した(単位時間当たりの合計供給容積110.8L/hr、V/v≒1.35)。フィード中、液面の上昇と共に、撹拌回転数を徐々に上げた(50→60rpm、原料フィード終了時の単位体積当たりの動力Pv=0.14kW/m)。この間、反応器ジャケットで水冷し、内温を32℃に制御した。反応器内総液量が900Lになった時点で、原料フィードを停止した。この状態で1時間保持し、アセタール化反応を継続した。次に、反応器内温を55℃に昇温し、2時間保持し、熟成反応を実施した。こうしてポリビニルアセタール(スラリー)を得た。以下、実施例1と同様の手順でポリビニルアセタール粉粒体を作製した。
【0042】
比較例1
実施例1と類似ではあるが、反応器下部に供給口が無い内容積2Lのガラス製反応器を準備した。10%ポリビニルアルコール水溶液、ブチルアルデヒド、20%塩酸を、単位時間当たりの反応器仕込量が実施例1とほぼ同じ比率となる条件、すなわち、各々900g、68g、59g準備した。反応器の撹拌翼を回転させた状態で、三種類の原料を反応器上部の別々の供給口から同時に添加した。1時間経過後、内温を55℃に昇温し、2時間保持して熟成反応を実施した。以下、実施例1の手順に準拠し、最終的にポリビニルブチラール樹脂粉粒体を得た。
【0043】
比較例2
実施例1において、反応器に予め純水を仕込まないで実施した。ポリビニルアルコール水溶液、ブチルアルデヒド、20%塩酸をフィードした直後に反応器底部に樹脂の白色ブロックが生成し、原料供給口が閉塞した。
【0044】
【表1】

Figure 2004217763
【0045】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、大型の製造設備が必要をせず、反応器や配管などへのポリビニルアセタール樹脂の付着を抑えるたことができる合理的な反応装置を使って、金属成分の含有量が極めて少ない高品質のポリビニルアセタール樹脂を製造することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin. More specifically, water or an aqueous solution in which an acid catalyst is dissolved in advance is charged into a reactor, polyvinyl alcohol, an aldehyde, and an acid catalyst are supplied, supply of raw materials is stopped, and then an acetalization reaction and an aging reaction are performed in the reactor. A polyvinyl acetal resin having a degree of acetalization of at least 60 mol%, and a polyvinyl acetal resin having a low metal component content.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Polyvinyl acetal resins are widely used in paints, adhesives, binders, molded articles, and the like. Conventionally, a polyvinyl acetal resin is prepared by reacting polyvinyl alcohol and an aldehyde in an aqueous solution in a batch in the presence of an acid catalyst, neutralizing a resin slurry of the generated polyvinyl acetal with an alkali, dehydrating, washing, drying, and then drying the powder. A method of manufacturing as a granular form is generally used.
[0003]
To date, there have been many reports on polyvinyl acetal resins, but few reports on reactors for producing polyvinyl acetal resins. For example, loop reactors (see, for example, Patent Document 1) and reactors having a smooth surface (for example, Patent Reference 2), a reactor made of a corrosion-resistant material (for example, see Patent Literature 3), and a reactor with a high stirrer (for example, see Patent Literature 4).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-5-59117 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-4-275310 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-5-140216 [Patent Document 4]
JP-A-11-349629
Conventionally, when a polyvinyl acetal resin uses an alkali neutralizer such as sodium hydroxide in a manufacturing process, an unreacted alkali neutralizer or an acid catalyst, and a metal formed by reacting an alkali neutralizer with an acid catalyst. Salts and the like are taken into particles of the polyvinyl acetal resin in a later step of producing the polyvinyl acetal resin, or adhere to the surface of the resin particles and remain in the product. Metal components remaining in such resins, for example, alkali metals, impair the properties of polyvinyl acetal resins, for example, transparency, moisture resistance, electrical insulation, etc., and moldings that require high transparency and moisture resistance are required. This causes quality problems in the body and in adhesive applications for electronic materials that require electrical insulation.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, in order to produce a high-quality polyvinyl acetal resin with a small amount of metal components in the resin, a large-scale production facility is required to secure a sufficient reaction time, and polyvinyl acetal to a reactor or a pipe is used. Advanced equipment design and material selection were necessary to suppress resin adhesion. Therefore, in order to avoid such a problem, development of a more rational manufacturing facility has been desired.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a method for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin by reacting polyvinyl alcohol and an aldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst. Supplying the raw material, stopping the supply of the raw materials, and then performing an acetalization reaction and an aging reaction in the reactor to make the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal at least 60 mol%. The volume of water or an aqueous solution in which an acid catalyst is previously dissolved in a reactor, and the volume per unit time of polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde, and an acid catalyst supplied to the reactor satisfy the relationship of (a). A method for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin according to claim 1, wherein
V / v ≧ 0.5 (Formula a)
Here, V [L] is the volume of water or an aqueous solution in which an acid catalyst is previously dissolved in the reactor, and v [L / hr] is the volume of polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde, and acid catalyst supplied to the reactor per unit time. Volume. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin in which a reaction temperature in a reactor is in a range of 20 to 50 ° C., wherein the obtained polyvinyl acetal resin is neutralized with an alkali, washed with water, dehydrated, and dried to obtain a metal. It is a porous polyvinyl acetal resin having a content of 80 ppm or less.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. In the following description, parts and percentages are by mass unless otherwise specified.
The polyvinyl alcohol used as a raw material of the present invention has an average degree of polymerization of 200 to 4000 and a degree of saponification of 80% or more. Further, the polyvinyl alcohol used in the present invention is preferably used as a 3 to 15% aqueous solution having an appropriate viscosity in order to continuously supply the polyvinyl alcohol to the reactor.
[0009]
As the aldehyde used as a raw material of the present invention, an aldehyde widely used in the synthesis of a polyvinyl acetal resin can be used. For example, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, tert-butyraldehyde, amylaldehyde And aliphatic aldehydes such as hexylaldehyde and 2-ethylhexylaldehyde, alicyclic aldehydes such as cyclohexylaldehyde and furfural, and aromatic aldehydes such as benzaldehyde, alkyl-substituted benzaldehyde, halogen-substituted benzaldehyde, and phenyl-substituted alkylaldehyde. . Of these, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde are preferably used. These aldehydes may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0010]
As the acid catalyst used in the present invention, for example, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and the like are used singly or as a mixture of two or more kinds. When the acid catalyst is used, the concentration of the aqueous solution can be arbitrarily selected in the range of 0.01 to 35%. The acid catalyst is usually added in an appropriate amount so that the pH of the reaction solution is 0.3 to 2.0.
[0011]
Next, in the method for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin of the present invention, water or an aqueous solution in which an acid catalyst is dissolved in advance is charged into a reactor, polyvinyl alcohol, an aldehyde, and an acid catalyst are supplied. It is characterized in that the acetalization reaction is carried out in a vessel so that the degree of acetalization of polyvinyl acetal is at least 60 mol% or more.
[0012]
Here, the method for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin of the present invention is characterized by a reaction apparatus and a reaction method of polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde, and an acid catalyst, which are raw materials of the polyvinyl acetal resin. First, a predetermined amount of water or an aqueous solution in which an acid catalyst is dissolved is charged into a reactor. The charged amount V [L] of the aqueous solution in which water or the acid catalyst is dissolved is represented by v [L / hr], where the total supply volume per unit time of the three kinds of raw materials is v [L / hr].
V / v ≧ 0.5 (Formula a)
It is preferable to satisfy the following relationship. By satisfying the expression (a), the adhesion of the polyvinyl acetal resin generated in the initial stage of the reaction in the reactor to the can wall can be suppressed. Next, while stirring, the polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde and acid catalyst are continuously supplied, and the supply of the raw material is stopped so as to fill the reactor or before reaching a desired liquid level. The acetalization reaction and the aging reaction are carried out in the reaction so that the acetalization degree reaches at least 60 mol% or more.
[0013]
The method of supplying the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde, and the acid catalyst to the reactor is not particularly limited. (1) A method of separately supplying the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, the aldehyde, and the acid catalyst from three supply ports, (2) A method in which polyvinyl alcohol and an acid catalyst are mixed in advance, and a mixed solution of polyvinyl alcohol and an acid catalyst and an aldehyde are separately supplied from a supply port. A method in which the liquid and the acid catalyst are separately supplied from the supply port can be employed. Of these, (1) and (2) are preferable from the viewpoint of reaction control.
[0014]
The reactor used in the present invention is preferably a tank reactor with a stirring mechanism or a tubular reactor from the viewpoint of reacting the fed polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, aldehyde, and acid catalyst in a uniform field. In addition, as the reactor, a reactor such as a full reactor or an open reactor having a gas-liquid interface can be used. The stirring conditions are preferably set such that the stirring power per unit volume is 0.05 kW / m 3 or more from the viewpoint of developing appropriate mixing and stirring.
[0015]
As a stirring blade used for stirring the reaction solution in the reactor, there are three swept blades, a paddle blade, an anchor blade, a max blend blade, a full zone blade, and the like. From the viewpoint of achieving sufficient mixing, it is preferable to use a so-called large blade such as a max blend blade or a full zone blade.
[0016]
As the stirring method, a lower stirring method is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing adhesion to the stirring blade and the stirring shaft. Also, from the viewpoint of suppressing the adhesion of the baffle, the lower baffle method is preferable.
[0017]
In the present invention, the polyvinyl alcohol, the aldehyde, and the acid catalyst are supplied continuously or intermittently, and the supply is stopped so as to fill the reactor or when a desired liquid level has been reached before that, and the mixture is stirred. Perform the acetalization reaction. Generally, the reaction temperature of the acetalization reaction is set in the range of 0 to 90 ° C. However, it is not common that the acetalization reaction is carried out around the middle temperature (20 to 50 ° C) in the temperature range of 0 to 90 ° C. , Or conversely, intentionally at a high temperature of 60 ° C. or higher. However, in the present invention, the acetalization reaction is performed at a temperature in the range of 0 to 90 ° C. which is generally performed, particularly at a medium temperature, that is, 20 to 50 ° C., preferably 25 to 45 ° C. Features. As described above, it is one of the features of the present invention that a porous resin (having a large specific surface area) having good detergency can be obtained by the reaction at "intermediate temperature" of 20 to 50C. The reaction time is selected in the range of 10 minutes to 10 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 4 hours.
[0018]
Next, a ripening reaction is continuously carried out in the reactor to reach a degree of acetalization of at least 60 mol% or more. The reaction temperature of this aging reaction is in the range of room temperature to 90 ° C, preferably 30 to 70 ° C, and the reaction time is set so that the acetalization reaction reaches and completes a desired degree of acetalization, and is usually 1 to 24 hours. , Preferably in the range of 1 to 5 hours. One of the features of the present invention is that the acetalization reaction and the aging reaction can be performed using the same reactor.
[0019]
The thus-obtained polyvinyl acetal reaction liquid (hereinafter often referred to as slurry) exhibits acidity by an acid catalyst. To neutralize the slurry, an alkali neutralizer such as sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate is added. Usually, the pH is adjusted to be 7 to 11.
[0020]
Next, dehydration and water washing are repeated to remove metal components remaining in the voids and surfaces of the granular material. In addition, the reaction residue such as the remaining acid catalyst and aldehyde is removed.
[0021]
This water washing is performed at a temperature of room temperature to 60 ° C. In general, the temperature is preferably 40 ° C. or higher, but one of the features of the present invention is that since the resin powder according to the present invention has a large specific surface area, it has sufficient detergency even with water washing at room temperature.
[0022]
The drying method is not particularly limited, and for example, a conventional method such as a vacuum drying method and a hot air fluidized drying method can be employed.
[0023]
The polyvinyl acetal resin obtained in the present invention is characterized by being porous. The specific surface area, which is one index of the porosity, can be measured using a mercury porosimetry measuring device. In the present invention, measurement was carried out under the following procedure and conditions using an automatic porosimeter Autopore IV500 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. First, about 0.6 g of a sample was taken in a sample cell, weighed, set in the apparatus, and then evacuated to 50 μmHg (6.7 Pa) in the apparatus, and then measured. The mercury injection pressure was 1 psia (6900 Pa), the maximum mercury head pressure was 44500 psia (290 MPa), and the equilibration time was 10 seconds.
[0024]
The primary particle diameter was measured for at least n = 20 or more particles based on a scanning electron micrograph taken at 5000 times, and calculated as an average particle diameter from these measurement results.
[0025]
The polyvinyl acetal resin obtained in the present invention has a large specific surface area and is excellent in the removability of metal components, and as a result, the content of metal components in the resin is extremely small, and various kinds of paints, adhesives, binders, molded articles, etc. It can be suitably used as a raw material resin.
[0026]
A plasticizer, a lubricant, a filler, a stabilizer, and the like can be appropriately selected and added to the polyvinyl acetal resin obtained in the present invention. As a method of compounding the compounding agent, any method usually used in the field of resin processing can be adopted. For example, a closed mixer such as a mixing roll and a kneader, and an extruder having a kneading function can be used.
[0027]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.
[0028]
Example 1
An aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution, which is one of the raw materials, was prepared by the following procedure. Into a 15 L SUS dissolution tank, 9000 parts of pure water and 1000 parts of polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization of 1800 and a saponification degree of 99.1 mol% were charged, and heated to completely dissolve the polyvinyl alcohol. Thereafter, the aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution was kept at 50 ° C.
[0029]
A glass tank reactor with an actual volume of 6 L equipped with a stirring mechanism (the stirring blade was a Teflon (registered trademark) anchor blade with d / D = 0.65) was prepared. Three insertion tubes serving also as baffles were attached from three places at the top of the reactor. 1 L of pure water was charged and the temperature was adjusted to 35 ° C. Next, a 10% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, butyraldehyde, and 20% hydrochloric acid were fed from each insertion tube while stirring (65 rpm). The supply rates were 16.7 mL / min, 1.30 mL / min, and 1.09 mL / min (raw material supply volume per unit time: 1.15 L / hr, V / v ≒ 0.87). During the feeding, the rotation speed of the stirring was gradually increased with the rise of the liquid level (65 → 120 rpm). During this series of operations, the internal temperature was controlled using a reactor jacket and maintained at 30 ° C. When the total amount of the reactor feed became 4 L (5 L of total liquid to which 20% hydrochloric acid was added in advance), the raw material feed was stopped. This state was maintained for 1 hour, and the acetalization reaction was continued. After one hour, warm water was flowed through the jacket, the reactor was heated, and the internal temperature was maintained at 55 ° C. In this state, the rotation speed of the stirring was increased from 120 to 140 rpm, and the mixture was maintained for 2 hours. Thus, a polyvinyl acetal (slurry) was obtained.
[0030]
Next, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to adjust the pH to 9.
[0031]
After cooling to room temperature, this slurry was dehydrated to a water content of 45% by a centrifugal separator, diluted by adding 10 times the amount of water to the resin, stirred for 30 minutes, and washed with water.
[0032]
This dehydration and washing operation was repeated three times, and the obtained slurry was again dehydrated and dried to obtain a white powdery polyvinyl butyral resin. The temperature of the water used for washing was 25 ° C. in each case.
[0033]
The specific surface area per unit weight of the resin powder measured by using an automatic porosimeter Autopore IV500 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was 3.3 m 2 / g.
[0034]
The sodium element content in the resin measured by ICP emission elemental analysis was 11 ppm.
[0035]
Table 1 summarizes the results of the butyralization degree of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, the specific surface area of the resin particles measured by a porosimeter, the particle diameter, and the amount of sodium in the resin measured by ICP.
[0036]
Example 2
In Example 1, the internal temperature of the reactor was 25 ° C., and 1 L of 1% hydrochloric acid was charged to the reactor in advance, and the other conditions were the same.
[0037]
Example 3
In Example 1, the supply rates of the aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution, butyraldehyde, and 20% hydrochloric acid were set at 9.8 mL / min, 0.77 mL / min, and 0.64 mL / min (the raw material supply volume per unit time was 0.67 L). / Hr, V / v ≒ 1.49).
[0038]
Example 4
In Example 1, the test was performed using three retreating blades (d / D = 0.64) and a middle stage paddle blade (d / D = 0.60) as stirring blades.
[0039]
Example 5
In Example 1, the reaction was carried out using a glass tank reactor having an actual volume of 6 L with a stirring mechanism provided at the lower part of the reactor (the stirring blade was a Teflon (registered trademark) anchor blade having d / D = 0.65). did.
[0040]
Example 6
An aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution, which is one of the raw materials, was prepared by the following procedure. 90000 parts of pure water, and 100,000 parts of polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization of 1800 and a saponification degree of 99.0 mol% are put into a 2 m 3 SUS dissolving tank, and heated to completely dissolve the polyvinyl alcohol. , 45 ° C.
[0041]
With a stirring mechanism (stirring blade, Teflon coated Shigeru Sumitomo Industries, Ltd. MAX BLEND impeller (d / D = 0.55)), tank-type reactor volume 1 m 3 (the inner surface glass lining ) Was prepared. Three insertion tubes serving also as baffles were attached from three places at the top of the reactor. 150 L of pure water was charged and the temperature was adjusted to 32 ° C. Next, a 10% aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution, butyl aldehyde, and 35% hydrochloric acid were fed from each insertion tube in a stirring state (stirring rotation speed 50 rpm, power Pv per unit volume = 0.15 kW / m 3 ). Each feed rate was carried out at 100 L / hr, 7.7 L / hr, 3.1 L / hr (total supply volume per unit time 110.8 L / hr, V / v) 1.35). During the feed, the stirring rotation speed was gradually increased along with the rise in the liquid level (50 → 60 rpm, power Pv per unit volume at the end of the raw material feed = 0.14 kW / m 3 ). During this time, the inside of the reactor was cooled with water using a reactor jacket, and the internal temperature was controlled at 32 ° C. When the total liquid volume in the reactor reached 900 L, the raw material feed was stopped. This state was maintained for 1 hour, and the acetalization reaction was continued. Next, the internal temperature of the reactor was raised to 55 ° C. and maintained for 2 hours to carry out an aging reaction. Thus, a polyvinyl acetal (slurry) was obtained. Hereinafter, a polyvinyl acetal powder was produced in the same procedure as in Example 1.
[0042]
Comparative Example 1
A glass reactor having an internal volume of 2 L similar to that of Example 1 but having no supply port at the bottom of the reactor was prepared. A 10% aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution, butyraldehyde, and 20% hydrochloric acid were prepared under the conditions where the amount of reactor charged per unit time was almost the same as in Example 1, that is, 900 g, 68 g, and 59 g, respectively. With the stirring blades of the reactor being rotated, the three kinds of raw materials were added simultaneously from separate supply ports at the top of the reactor. After 1 hour, the internal temperature was raised to 55 ° C. and maintained for 2 hours to carry out the aging reaction. Hereinafter, in accordance with the procedure of Example 1, a polyvinyl butyral resin powder was finally obtained.
[0043]
Comparative Example 2
In Example 1, the reaction was performed without charging pure water to the reactor in advance. Immediately after feeding the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, butyraldehyde, and 20% hydrochloric acid, a white block of resin was formed at the bottom of the reactor, and the raw material supply port was blocked.
[0044]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004217763
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the content of the metal component is extremely reduced using a rational reaction apparatus that does not require a large-scale production facility and can suppress the adhesion of polyvinyl acetal resin to a reactor or a pipe. It is possible to produce a few high-quality polyvinyl acetal resins.

Claims (4)

ポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドを酸触媒の存在下で反応させてポリビニルアセタール樹脂を製造する方法において、反応器に予め水、あるいは酸触媒を溶解した水溶液を仕込み、次に該反応器にポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドと酸触媒を供給し、次に原料の供給を停止し、次に該反応器内でアセタール化反応及び熟成反応させて、ポリビニルアセタールのアセタール化度を少なくとも60モル%にする工程を有することを特徴とするポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造方法。In a method for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin by reacting polyvinyl alcohol and an aldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst, water or an aqueous solution in which an acid catalyst is dissolved in a reactor is charged in advance, and then the polyvinyl alcohol and the aldehyde are added to the reactor. Supplying an acid catalyst, then stopping the supply of the raw material, and then performing an acetalization reaction and an aging reaction in the reactor so that the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal is at least 60 mol%. A method for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin. 予め反応器に仕込む水、あるいは酸触媒を溶解した水溶液の容積と、反応器に供給するポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドと酸触媒の単位時間当たりの容積が(a式)の関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造方法。
V/v ≧ 0.5 (a式)
ここで、V[L]は反応器に予め仕込む水、あるいは酸触媒を溶解した水溶液の容積であり、v[L/hr]は反応器に供給するポリビニルアルコールとアルデヒドと酸触媒の単位時間当たりの容積である。
It is characterized in that the volume of water or an aqueous solution in which an acid catalyst is previously dissolved in a reactor and the volume of polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde and acid catalyst to be fed to the reactor per unit time satisfy the relationship of (a formula). A method for producing the polyvinyl acetal resin according to claim 1.
V / v ≧ 0.5 (Formula a)
Here, V [L] is the volume of water or an aqueous solution in which an acid catalyst is dissolved in advance in the reactor, and v [L / hr] is the volume of polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde, and acid catalyst supplied to the reactor per unit time. Is the volume of
反応器内の反応温度が20〜50℃の範囲である請求項1〜2項記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造方法。The method for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature in the reactor is in a range of 20 to 50 ° C. 4. 金属含有量が80ppm以下である、請求項1、2または3項記載の製造方法で製造された多孔質ポリビニルアセタール樹脂。The porous polyvinyl acetal resin produced by the production method according to claim 1, wherein the metal content is 80 ppm or less.
JP2003006019A 2002-02-07 2003-01-14 Production method of polyvinyl acetal resin Expired - Lifetime JP3933584B2 (en)

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DE60334523T DE60334523D1 (en) 2002-02-07 2003-02-07 POLYVINYL ACETAL RESIN AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR
KR1020047011620A KR100993160B1 (en) 2002-02-07 2003-02-07 Polyvinylacetal resin and process for producing the same
AU2003207182A AU2003207182B2 (en) 2002-02-07 2003-02-07 Polyvinylacetal resin and process for producing the same
NZ534383A NZ534383A (en) 2002-02-07 2003-02-07 Polyvinylacetal resin and process for its production
EP03703265A EP1473309B1 (en) 2002-02-07 2003-02-07 Polyvinylacetal resin and process for producing the same
PCT/JP2003/001327 WO2003066690A1 (en) 2002-02-07 2003-02-07 Polyvinylacetal resin and process for producing the same
CNB038035634A CN1282666C (en) 2002-02-07 2003-02-07 Polyvinylacetal resin and process for producing the same
CA2475255A CA2475255C (en) 2002-02-07 2003-02-07 Polyvinylacetal resin and process for its production
US10/503,123 US7385005B2 (en) 2002-02-07 2003-02-07 Polyvinylacetal resin and process for producing the same

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JP2004217764A (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-08-05 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Process for producing polyvinyl acetal resin
JP2004256764A (en) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-16 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Poly(vinyl acetal) resin and its production process
WO2007132666A1 (en) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Polyvinyl acetal powder and powder coating material using the same
WO2011102197A1 (en) * 2010-02-16 2011-08-25 株式会社クラレ Polyvinyl acetal resin for ceramic green sheets, process for production thereof, slurry composition, ceramic green sheets, and laminted ceramic capacitor
WO2012043455A1 (en) * 2010-09-28 2012-04-05 株式会社クラレ Polyvinyl acetal resin for thermoforming
JP5060496B2 (en) * 2007-02-02 2012-10-31 株式会社クラレ Method for producing polyvinyl acetal resin

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JP2000038456A (en) * 1997-10-29 2000-02-08 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Polyvinyl acetal resin and its production, interlayer for laminated glass, and laminated glass
JP2003226714A (en) * 2002-02-07 2003-08-12 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Method for manufacturing poly(vinyl acetal) resin
JP2003335817A (en) * 2002-05-22 2003-11-28 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Method for producing polyvinyl acetal resin
JP2004217764A (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-08-05 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Process for producing polyvinyl acetal resin

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JP2000038456A (en) * 1997-10-29 2000-02-08 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Polyvinyl acetal resin and its production, interlayer for laminated glass, and laminated glass
JPH11349629A (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-21 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Preparation of polyvinyl butyral resin
JP2003226714A (en) * 2002-02-07 2003-08-12 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Method for manufacturing poly(vinyl acetal) resin
JP2003335817A (en) * 2002-05-22 2003-11-28 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Method for producing polyvinyl acetal resin
JP2004217764A (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-08-05 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Process for producing polyvinyl acetal resin

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004217764A (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-08-05 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Process for producing polyvinyl acetal resin
JP2004256764A (en) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-16 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Poly(vinyl acetal) resin and its production process
WO2007132666A1 (en) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Polyvinyl acetal powder and powder coating material using the same
US7968639B2 (en) 2006-05-15 2011-06-28 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Polyvinyl acetal powder and powder coating material using the same
JP5060496B2 (en) * 2007-02-02 2012-10-31 株式会社クラレ Method for producing polyvinyl acetal resin
WO2011102197A1 (en) * 2010-02-16 2011-08-25 株式会社クラレ Polyvinyl acetal resin for ceramic green sheets, process for production thereof, slurry composition, ceramic green sheets, and laminted ceramic capacitor
WO2012043455A1 (en) * 2010-09-28 2012-04-05 株式会社クラレ Polyvinyl acetal resin for thermoforming
JP5940301B2 (en) * 2010-09-28 2016-06-29 株式会社クラレ Polyvinyl acetal resin for thermoforming

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