JP2004212231A - Prism unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a prism unit wherein both superior operability in multi-point survey and high surveying accuracy in fixed-point survey are secured. <P>SOLUTION: A pole 10 is passed through inside a slide type flame 30, and the frame 30 is slide-freely mounted to the pole 10. A rotating-type holder 40 is mounted to the frame 30. The holder 40 is constituted in such a way that a prism main body 50 mounted to each mounting part is in a different locational relation to the center of rotation A-A when a prism mounting part 43a is directed forward and when a prism mounting part 43b is directed forward. More specifically, with one prism mounting part 43 directed forward, the prism main body 50 mounted to the mounting part is separated from the center of rotation A-A of the holder 40 and does not interfere with the hole 10 passed through the frame 30. With the other prism mounting part 43b directed forward, the intersecting point O of a rear cut surface of the prism main body 50 mounted to the mounting part is matched with the center of rotation A-A of the holder 40. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a prism unit used for surveying work, and more particularly, to a prism unit particularly suitable for use in combination with a surveying device equipped with an automatic collimation mechanism.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the surveying work, a prism unit is used in combination with a surveying device called a total station. In Japan, a pole-mounted / sliding operation type prism unit as shown in FIG. 4 is most commonly used as this prism unit. This prism unit includes a holder 1 through which a pole 10 penetrates, a prism body 2 attached to a front portion of the holder 1, and a level 3 incorporated in a rear portion of the holder 1. The holder 1 is slidable along the pole 10 and is fixed at an arbitrary position in the pole longitudinal direction by fixing screws on both sides or one side.
[0003]
When the work is performed using an old type surveying device having no automatic collimating function, first, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the surveying device 20 is moved in the direction of the pole 10 erected at the surveying point. To measure the horizontal angle of the center of the pole, which is the measuring point. Next, the distance to the pole center is measured by the surveying device 20. In this distance measuring operation, the distance to the front of the prism main body 2 is measured. In the prism unit, the distance from the front of the prism body 2 to the pole center position is set as a constant, and the distance to the pole center is calculated by adding this constant to the measured distance.
[0004]
Apart from the pole-mounting / sliding-operation type prism unit shown in FIG. 4, the prism unit shown in FIG. 6 is also frequently used in other countries. In this prism unit, the pole 10 does not penetrate the holder 1. The pole 10 is screwed into the upper and lower surfaces of the holder 1, and the length of the pole 10 is adjusted by adding.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, these prism units have the following problems. First, the problem of the former prism unit will be described.
[0006]
When using a conventional surveying device having no automatic collimation function, the surveying device 20 always performs an operation of measuring the angle of the pole 10. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5B, even if the prism unit attached to the pole 10 faces away from the surveying device 20, no error occurs in the measured horizontal angle.
[0007]
However, when a new type of surveying device having an automatic collimation function is used, as shown in FIG. 5C, the operation of turning the surveying device 20 toward the pole 10 becomes unnecessary, and instead, the surveying device 20 is automatically turned on. Face the prism unit. This is the automatic collimation function. In this function, the direction in which the surveying device 20 faces is the intersection O of the rear cut surface of the prism main body 2. That is, this intersection O is the automatic collimation position of the surveying device 20.
[0008]
In the former prism unit shown in FIG. 4, the pole 10 passes through the holder 1 because the unit needs to be slid. The prism body 2 is disposed in front of the pole 10 in order to avoid interference with the pole 10, and the intersection O of the rear cut surface of the prism body 2 does not coincide with the pole center. For this reason, when the prism unit is not correctly oriented in the direction of the surveying device 20, an error d due to the misalignment occurs in the horizontal angle.
[0009]
In addition, when the prism man carries out multi-point surveying (moving surveying) with the prism unit together with the pole 10, the prism unit can be oriented in the direction of the surveying device 20 with a certain degree of accuracy. d hardly matters. However, in fixed-point surveying in which the prism unit is attached to a structure and its behavior is regularly observed, particularly in fixed-point surveying in which the surveying device 20 is replaced for each survey, the direction with respect to the prism unit is different each time, and the error d Is a big problem.
[0010]
On the other hand, in the latter prism unit shown in FIG. 6, since the pole 10 does not penetrate the holder 1 and there is no interference between the pole 10 and the prism main body 2, the intersection O of the rear cut surface in the prism main body 2 is Match the center. Therefore, there is no horizontal angle error d due to the misalignment of the prism unit. However, sliding operation of the prism body is impossible. Therefore, the operability when the prism man carries out the multi-point survey by holding the prism unit together with the pole 10 is not good. In other words, this type of prism unit gives priority to accuracy even at the expense of operability in multipoint surveying.
[0011]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a prism unit that can selectively prioritize operability and accuracy in multipoint surveying and enables highly accurate surveying in fixed point surveying. To provide.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a prism unit according to the present invention includes a sliding frame which is slidably mounted on a pole through which a pole penetrates the inside thereof, and which is rotatably mounted on the frame. The two portions facing the front are prism mounting portions for mounting the prism body, and are mounted on each mounting portion when one of the prism mounting portions faces the front and the other prism mounting portion faces the front. A rotating holder configured so that the prism body has a different positional relationship with respect to the center of rotation.
[0013]
Preferably, in a state in which the one prism mounting portion faces the front, the rotary holder is configured such that the prism body mounted on the mounting portion is separated from the rotation center of the holder and does not interfere with the pole penetrating the frame, When the other prism mounting portion faces the front, the intersection O of the rear cut surface of the prism main body mounted on the mounting portion is configured to coincide with the rotation center of the holder.
[0014]
The method of using the prism unit according to the present invention is as follows.
[0015]
When a prism man carries out multi-point surveying (moving surveying) by holding a prism unit together with a pole, one prism attaching portion is directed to the front, and the prism main body attached to the attaching portion performs the moving surveying.
[0016]
When performing fixed-point surveys such as attaching the prism unit to a structure and observing its behavior regularly, especially when performing fixed-point surveying such as replacing the surveying equipment for each survey, turn the other prism mounting part toward the front and The fixed point survey is performed by the prism body attached to the attachment portion.
[0017]
In each of the surveys, the prism body attached to the prism holder of the rotary holder with its front face is located at a different position with respect to the rotation center of the rotary holder. Thereby, in the multipoint survey, the prism body can be positioned so as not to interfere with the pole, and in the fixed point survey, the intersection point O of the rear cut surface in the prism body can be matched with the rotation center of the rotary holder.
[0018]
As a result, in multi-point surveying, the prism body moves away from the center of rotation of the rotary holder and does not interfere with the pole that penetrates the frame, so that the pole penetrates the frame and the prism unit slides along the pole. Can be. In the fixed point survey, since the intersection point O of the rear cut surface in the prism main body coincides with the rotation center of the rotary holder, accurate surveying can be performed without being affected by the rotational position. This high-precision survey is also possible in a multi-point survey by combining with an extension pole.
[0019]
A more rational configuration of the rotary holder is that, when one of the prism mounting portions faces forward, the pole slidably penetrates the holder, the pole center intersects the rotation center of the holder, and the other prism In a state where the mounting portion faces the front, the intersection O of the rear cut surface of the prism main body mounted on the mounting portion coincides with the center of the pole together with the rotation center of the holder.
[0020]
In fixed point surveying, it is desirable to use a mounting base that rotatably supports the rotary frame around a line that intersects the rotation center with the rotation center as the rotation center. If a pole screw hole is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the mounting base, where the pole is mounted concentrically with the rotation center of the rotary frame, multipoint surveying can be performed with high accuracy using the mounting base as well as fixed point surveying. It can be carried out.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B show a structure and a method of using a prism unit according to an embodiment of the present invention in multipoint surveying, where FIG. 1A is a front view, and FIG. 1B is a longitudinal side view. 2 (a) and 2 (b) show a structure and a method of using the same prism unit in fixed point surveying, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a longitudinal side view. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view showing another method of using the prism unit in multipoint surveying.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 1, the prism unit according to the present embodiment includes a sliding frame 30 attached to a pole 10, a rotatable holder 40 rotatably supported in the frame 30, and a rotatable holder 40 attached to the holder 40. And a prism main body 50.
[0023]
The frame 30 is a rectangular frame whose center is oriented in the horizontal direction, and has through holes 31, 31 through which the pole 10 penetrates at right angles at the upper side and the lower side. The frame 30 is vertically slidable along a vertical pole 10 passing through the through holes 31, 31, and is fixed at an arbitrary sliding position by a fixing screw 32. A level 33 is attached to the upper surface of the upper side of the frame 30 at a position behind the through hole 31.
[0024]
The holder 40 is a cylindrical body whose outer shape is a square cross-section and whose inner shape is a circular cross-section, and is rotatably mounted on both sides of the frame 30 by horizontal support shafts 41 on both sides perpendicular to the center line. Have been. On the upper and lower surfaces of the holder 40, through holes 42, 42 through which the pole 10 passes are provided at right angles. In order not to hinder the rotation of the holder 40, the through holes 42, 42 are elongated holes extending in the center line direction of the holder 40. Both ends of the holder 40 are prism mounting portions 43a and 43b, into which the prism main body 50 is screwed and mounted.
[0025]
Here, the horizontal rotation center AA of the holder 40 is orthogonal to the vertical pole center BB, that is, the center line of the through holes 31, and the intersection O ′ is located on the center line of the holder 40. are doing. More specifically, when the holder 40 is rotated around the rotation center AA and the prism mounting portion 43a is directed toward the front side of the frame 30, the prism body 50 mounted here does not interfere with the pole 10, On the other hand, when the prism mounting portion 43b is directed toward the front side of the frame 30, the intersection O of the rear cut surface of the prism main body 50 mounted here is aligned with the intersection O '(see FIG. 2). The center AA is displaced from the center of the holder 40 in the center line direction toward the prism mounting portion 43b.
[0026]
Next, a method of using the prism unit according to the present embodiment will be described.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 1, the prism mounting portion 43a of the holder 40 faces the front side of the frame 30, and the prism body 50 is mounted on the prism mounting portion 43a. The pole 10 is passed through the through holes 31, 31 of the frame 30 and the through holes 42, 42 of the holder 40. The pole 10 is set up at the measurement point, and the prism unit is slid vertically along the pole 10. The height of the prism unit is adjusted by this slide, and the prism unit is fixed to the adjustment position by the fixing screw 32.
[0028]
Thus, multipoint surveying (moving surveying) is performed. The prism body 50 is located on the front side of the pole 10 and does not interfere with the pole 10. Therefore, multipoint surveying can be performed efficiently with the same manner as the conventional prism unit shown in FIG. As described above, when the prism man directs the prism unit in the direction of the measuring device, the horizontal angle error d due to the misalignment is suppressed to a level that does not cause a problem. In this state, the prism main body 50 is capable of biaxial rotation about a horizontal rotation center AA and a vertical pole center BB.
[0029]
On the other hand, when performing fixed point surveying, the mounting base 60 is used as shown in FIG. The mounting base 60 is a C-shaped member that holds the frame 30 from the rear side, and more specifically, a vertical support shaft 61 that is vertically fitted into the through holes 31, 31 through which the pole 10 passes. , 61, the frame 30 is rotatably supported around the center of the vertical through holes 31, 31 (corresponding to the pole center BB).
[0030]
Here, the mounting base 60 is made of resin, like the frame 30 and the holder 40. The support shafts 61, 61 of the mounting base 60 are provided facing the distal ends of the upper and lower horizontal arms of the mounting base 60, and are fitted into the through holes 31, 31 from above and below by the elastic deformation of the mounting base 60. Also, it escapes from the through holes 31. At the vertical portion of the mounting base 60, a horizontal screw portion 62 for mounting is provided so that the center thereof intersects the intersection point O '. On the other hand, screw holes 63, 63 into which the extension pole 10 is screwed are provided on the upper surface of the upper horizontal arm and the lower surface of the lower horizontal arm of the mounting base 60, respectively. The screw holes 63, 63 are concentric with the support shafts 61, 61 such that the pole center BB coincides with the rotation center of the mounting base 60.
[0031]
To perform fixed point surveying, the frame 30 is attached to the attachment base 60. Further, the prism mounting portion 43b of the holder 40 faces the front side of the frame 30, and the prism body 50 is mounted on the prism mounting portion 43b. In this state, the mounting base 60 is screwed into the head of the anchor driven into the wall or the like. Thus, the prism unit is fixed at the fixed point.
[0032]
In this state, fixed point surveying is performed. The intersection point O of the rear cut surface of the prism body 50 matches the intersection point O '. For this reason, even if the fixed point surveying in which the surveying device is replaced for each surveying is performed, the horizontal angle error d due to the change in the direction of the prism body 50 with respect to the measuring device does not occur. In this state, the prism main body 50 can rotate three axes around the rotation center AA, around the centers of the through holes 31, 31 (coincident with the pole center BB), and around the center of the screw portion 62. .
[0033]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the extension pole 10 is screwed into the screw holes 63 of the mounting base 60. As in the case of fixed point surveying, the holder 40 has the prism mounting portion 43b facing the front side of the frame 30 and mounts the prism body 50 on the prism mounting portion 43b. Thus, the intersection O of the rear cut surface of the prism body 50 coincides with the intersection O '.
[0034]
If the multipoint survey is performed in this state, the horizontal angle error d due to the change in the direction of the prism body 50 with respect to the measuring device does not occur. This enables high-precision multi-point surveying, as in the prism unit of FIG. In this state, the prism body 50 can be biaxially rotated around the rotation center AA and around the center of the through holes 31 and 31 (coincident with the pole center BB), so that the operability is relatively good. It is.
[0035]
As described above, the prism unit according to the present embodiment selects the direction of the holder 40 and selectively uses the mounting base 60, so that the operability shown in FIG. It is possible to use both the prism unit and the high-precision prism unit shown in FIG. As for fixed point surveying, highly accurate surveying is possible by selecting the orientation of the holder 40 and using the mounting base 60.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the prism unit according to the present invention, the rotary holder is mounted on the slide type frame slidably mounted on the pole, and the mounting position of the prism main body in the holder is changed by rotating the holder. With this configuration, the slide operation along the pole can be performed in the multi-point survey, so that excellent operability can be secured. On the other hand, in fixed-point surveying, it is possible to remove an angle error due to a change in the direction of the prism main body with respect to the surveying device, so that high surveying accuracy can be ensured even when the surveying device is replaced for each survey. This highly accurate survey is possible not only in fixed point survey but also in multipoint survey.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 (a) and 1 (b) show a structure and a method of using a prism unit according to an embodiment of the present invention in multi-point surveying, where (a) is a front view, and (b) is a longitudinal side view. is there.
2 (a) and 2 (b) show a structure and a method of using the same prism unit in fixed point surveying, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a longitudinal side view.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view showing another method of using the same prism unit in multipoint surveying.
FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C show the configuration of a conventional prism unit, wherein FIG. 4A is a front view, FIG. 4B is a plan view, and FIG. 4C is a side view.
FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C are principle diagrams of angle measurement using the same prism unit, and are plan views.
6 (a), 6 (b) and 6 (c) show a configuration of another conventional prism unit, where (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a side view. .
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 pole 20 surveying device 30 frame 31 through hole 32 fixing screw 40 holder 41 support shaft 42 through hole 43a, 43b prism mounting portion 50 prism body 60 mounting base 61 support shaft 62 screw portion 63 pole screw hole A-A rotation of holder 40 Center BB Pole center O Intersection O 'of the rear cut surface in the prism body 50 Intersection of the rotation center AA and the pole center BB

Claims (5)

A sliding frame that penetrates the inside of the pole and is slidably mounted on the pole, and a prism mounting portion that is rotatably mounted on the frame and faces the front at two different rotational positions, and that mounts the prism body. When one of the prism mounting portions faces the front and the other prism mounting portion faces the front, the prism bodies mounted on the mounting portions have different positional relationships with respect to the rotation center. A prism unit, comprising: a rotating holder configured as described above. In a state where one prism mounting portion faces the front, the prism main body mounted on the mounting portion is separated from the rotation center of the rotary holder, does not interfere with the pole penetrating the frame, and the other prism mounting portion is in the front. 2. The prism unit according to claim 1, wherein in a state facing the center, the intersection O of the rear cut surface of the prism body attached to the attachment portion coincides with the rotation center of the rotary holder. 3. In the state where one prism mounting part faces the front, the pole slidably penetrates the rotary holder, the pole center crosses the rotation center of the rotary holder, and the other prism mounting part faces the front, 3. The prism unit according to claim 2, wherein an intersection point O of a rear cut surface of the prism body attached to the attachment portion coincides with the center of the pole together with the rotation center of the rotary holder. The prism unit according to claim 1, further comprising a mounting base that rotatably supports the rotary frame around a line intersecting the center of rotation of the rotary frame. 5. The prism unit according to claim 4, wherein the mounting base has pole screw holes on upper and lower surfaces on which a pole is mounted concentrically with the rotation center of the rotary frame. 6.

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