JP2004211719A - Flow control mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flow control mechanism for effectively restricting the flow rate of fluid even when it has a limited length. <P>SOLUTION: A multistage orifice 1 consists of a plurality of orifice members 14A, 14B, 14C having orifice holes and a plurality of packings (a center packing 18A and end packings 18B, 18C), which are provided alternately ranging into an oil return passage 10. The center packing 18A has a center packing hole communicating the orifice holes with one another to form ranging direction flow paths 30a, 30b, 30c. The end packings 18B, 18C have an end packing hole and a return packing hole communicating the downstream end of one ranging direction flow path 30a with the upstream end of the other ranging direction flow path 30b adjacent thereto, respectively. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【００２８】
上記数式（１）において、油量Ｑを得るには、流路面積Ａを小さくするか、または、オリフィス部材の枚数Ｎを多くするかの方法がある。流路面積Ａを小さくすることは、加工上の限界があるので、オリフィス部材の枚数Ｎが油量Ｑから決定される。このため、内部流路を折返す構造とすることにより、一のオリフィス部材が複数のオリフィスを形成することができるので、高圧側からの油供給であっても確実かつ細密に油の戻し量を設定することが可能となる。
【００２９】
次に、上記の構成からなる本実施形態の多段オリフィス１による流体制御方法について説明する。
油戻し通路１０に導入された潤滑油は、流入孔２４ａから流入し、端部パッキン１８Ｂの端部パッキン孔１８ｄを通って、この孔と孔軸を同一とするオリフィス孔１２ａと中央部パッキン孔１８ａとから形成される連設方向流路３０ａを通過して、端部パッキン１８Ｃの端部パッキン孔１８ｄに至る。この間、潤滑油量は、３個のオリフィス孔１２ａを通過するときに数式（１）に従って調整される。
【００３０】
続いて、潤滑油の流れが折返し用パッキン孔１８ｅで折返されて、オリフィス孔１２ｂとこの孔軸を同一とする中央部パッキン孔１８ｂとからなる連設方向流路３０ｂを逆方向に通過して、再び端部パッキン１８Ｂに至る。この間も同様に、潤滑油量は、３個のオリフィス孔１２ｂを通過することになって、数式（１）に従って潤滑油量が調整される。
【００３１】
さらに、潤滑油の流れが折返し用パッキン孔１８ｅで折返されて、オリフィス孔１２ｃとこの孔軸を同一とする中央部パッキン孔１８ｃとからなる連設方向流路３０ｃを逆方向に通過して、再び端部パッキン１８Ｃに至る。この間も同様に、潤滑油量は、３個のオリフィス孔１２ｃを通過することになって、数式（１）に従って潤滑油量が調整される。
【００３２】
このようにして、潤滑油量は、オリフィス孔を一つだけ有するオリフィス部材が連設された多段オリフィスに比べて、連設方向流路３０ａ，３０ｂ，３０ｃからなる長さを有する流路によってΔＰの値が相対的に大きくなるので、大きな絞り量が得られる。
【００３３】
上記の多段オリフィス１によれば、スクロール型圧縮機を小型化したことに起因してスクロール部分の幅が小さくなり、油戻し通路がその長さを十分に確保できない場合であっても、油戻し通路１０を流通する潤滑油量の絞り機能を向上させることができる。
【００３４】
なお、オリフィス部材１４Ａ，１４Ｂ，１４Ｃ、中央部パッキン１８Ａ及び端部パッキン１８Ｂ，１８Ｃの形状は上述に示す場合に限定されるものではなく、図６に示すオリフィス部材１４Ｄ、図７に示す中央部パッキン１８Ｄ、図８に示す端部パッキン１８Ｅ，１８Ｆの形状のものを使用しても、多段オリフィス１内部において折り返し流路を形成することができ、油量制御においては同等の作用・効果が得られる。
【００３５】
なお、図３、図４、図５に示したように縦長小判型のオリフィス１４Ａ，１４Ｂ，１４Ｃおよびパッキン１８Ａ，１８Ｂ，１８Ｃを用いた場合には、内部流路の折り返し部を形成する端部パッキン１８Ｂ，１８Ｃの上下方向のみ注意して取り付けるだけで、多段オリフィス１を簡易に形成できるという利点がある。
【００３６】
一方、図６、図７、図８に示したように円形のオリフィス１４Ｄおよびパッキン１８Ｄ，１８Ｅ，１８Ｆを用いた場合には、取付対象物の設置方向による影響をより少なくすることができるので、多段オリフィス１を容易に形成できるという利点がある。
【００３７】
次に、本発明に係る第２の実施形態について、図９を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００３８】
第２の実施形態と上記第１の実施形態との異なる点は、多段オリフィス１内部での折り返し流路を第１の実施形態では連設方向、すなわち流入部から流出部へ向かう方向に沿って形成したのに対し、本実施形態では、連設方向に対して交差する方向に流路を形成した点である。
【００３９】
より具体的には、第１の実施形態では１つのオリフィス部材に複数のオリフィス孔が設けられ、連接された複数のオリフィス部材の連設方向に孔軸を同じとするオリフィス孔を連設させて連設方向流路が形成されているのに対し、第２の実施形態では、多段オリフィス３５のオリフィス部材４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃ，４０Ｄに一つのオリフィス孔１２を設け、中央部パッキン４２に、４つの中央部パッキン孔４４ａ，４４ｂ，４４ｃ，４４ｄと、これらを連通させるパッキン内微細孔４６ａ，４６ｂ，４６ｃとを設け、パッキン内にもオリフィス機能を備えた点である。
【００４０】
すなわち、図９に示すように、本実施形態は、中央部パッキン４２が、上流側に対向して配設されたオリフィス孔１２に連通する一つの中央部パッキン孔４４ａから、下流側に隣接して配設された他のオリフィス孔１２に連通する他の中央部パッキン孔４４ｄまでを、中央部パッキン孔４４ｂ，４４ｃを介して連通させるパッキン内微細孔４６ａ，４６ｂ，４６ｃとを備える。これらのオリフィス部材４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃ，４０Ｄと中央部パッキン４２とは、油戻し通路１０内に連設されている。
【００４１】
次に、上記の構成からなる本実施形態の多段オリフィス３５による流体制御方法について説明する。
図９（ａ）に示すオリフィス部材４０Ａを通過した潤滑油が、図９（ｂ）に示す一つ目の中央部パッキン４２の中央部パッキン孔４４ａに導入されると、パッキン内微細孔４６ａを介して隣接する中央部パッキン孔４４ｂに至る。続いてパッキン内微細孔４６ｂ，４６ｃを介して、それぞれ中央部パッキン孔４４ｃ，４４ｄに潤滑油が至って排出され、図９（ｃ）に示す下流側のオリフィス部材４０Ｂに至り、オリフィス孔１２を貫通する。続いて図９（ｄ）に示す中央部パッキン４２内でも上述のように潤滑油がパッキン内を循環し、中央部パッキン孔４４ｄから排出される。
【００４２】
上述の潤滑油が、図９（ｅ）に示すオリフィス部材４０Ｃに至ると同様の流れによって、図９（ｆ）に示す中央部パッキン４２内を循環し、図９（ｇ）に示すオリフィス部材４０Ｄのオリフィス孔１２を貫通して排出される。
【００４３】
上記の多段オリフィス３５によれば、オリフィス部材４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃ，４０Ｄが備えるオリフィス孔１２と当該オリフィス孔１２が開口する空間となる中央部パッキン４２が備えるパッキン孔４４ａとによりオリフィス機構が形成される。また、オリフィス部材４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃ，４０Ｄの壁面（表面）が中央部パッキン４２を挟持することにより形成されるパッキン内微細孔４６ａ，４６ｂ，４６ｃと当該微細孔４６ａ，４６ｂ，４６ｃが開口する空間となるパッキン孔４４ｂ，４４ｃ，４４ｄとによってもオリフィス機構が形成され、両者をあわせたオリフィス機構を備える構成が実現される。
【００４４】
そして、本実施形態では略直交するようになるが、連設方向に交差するように多段オリフィス３５内部に折り返し流路を形成するべく、パッキン内微細孔４６ａ，４６ｂ，４６ｃもオリフィスとしての機能を有することになるので、油戻し通路１０の長さを変えなくても流通する流量の絞り機能を向上させることができる。具体的には、オリフィス部材４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃ，４０Ｄに中央部パッキン４２が挟持されて形成されるパッキン孔４４ｂ，４４ｃとパッキン内微細孔４６ｂが流路折り返し部として機能する。
【００４５】
次に、本発明に係る第３の実施形態について、図１０、図１１を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００４６】
第３の実施形態と第２の実施形態との異なる点は、第２の実施形態では、中央部パッキンにパッキン内微細孔を設けてパッキンにオリフィス機能を付加しているのに対して、第３の実施形態の多段オリフィス４８では、図１０に示すように油戻し通路１０内に配設された中央部パッキン５０Ａ，５０Ｂが、図１１に示すように中央部パッキン孔５２ａ，５２ｂを直接連通させるパッキン内毛細管５４を備え、流路折り返し部を形成するとともにパッキンにキャピラリ機能を付加している点である。
【００４７】
ここで、中央部パッキン孔５２ａは、上流側に隣接して配設されているオリフィス孔１２に連通するように配設され、中央部パッキン孔５２ｂは、下流側に隣接して配設されている他のオリフィス孔１２に連通するように配設されている。これらオリフィス部材４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃと、中央部パッキン５０Ａ，５０Ｂとともに、１つの端部パッキン孔５８ａを有する端部パッキン５８Ａ，５８Ｂが多段オリフィス４８の両端部に配設されている。
【００４８】
上記の構成からなる多段オリフィス４８において、潤滑油が図１１（ａ）に示すオリフィス部材４０Ａのオリフィス孔１２から図１１（ｂ）に示す中央部パッキン５０Ａの中央部パッキン孔５２ａに流れると、パッキン内毛細管路５４を流通して他の中央部パッキン孔５２ｂに至って排出される。その後、図１１（ｃ）に示す下流側の他のオリフィス部材４０Ｂに至りオリフィス孔１２を貫通する。同様に図１１（ｄ）に示す中央部パッキン５０Ｂ、図１１（ｅ）に示すオリフィス部材４０Ｃを流通する。
【００４９】
この多段オリフィス４８によれば、パッキン内毛細管５４がキャピラリとしての機能を有することになるので、油戻し通路１０の長さを変えなくても流通する流量の絞り機能を向上させることができる。
【００５０】
次に、本発明に係る第４の実施形態について、図１２を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００５１】
第４の実施形態と上記第３の実施形態との異なる点は、第４の実施形態における多段オリフィス６０は、図１２（ａ）及び（ｂ）に示すように、外周部に位置決め用の凸部（部材側凸部）６２ａ，６４ａがそれぞれ形成されたオリフィス部材６２と、パッキン６４とを備えている点である。
また、油戻し通路６６の内周部には、凸部６２ａ，６４ａとそれぞれ係合する位置決め用の凹部（孔側凹部）６６ａが形成されている。
【００５２】
上記の構成からなる多段オリフィス６０は、油戻し通路６６内での組立て時に、オリフィス部材６２とパッキン６４の凸部６２ａ，６４ａを、油戻し通路６６の凹部６６に係合させることによって組み立てられる。
【００５３】
この多段オリフィス６０によれば、オリフィス部材やパッキンの組立時に特別な道具を使用することなく、容易に油戻し通路内に位置決めして配設することができるので、組立作業性が向上する。
【００５４】
なお、上記実施の形態では、オリフィス部材やパッキン側に位置決め用の凸部が設けられているが、オリフィス部材やパッキン側が凹部であって、油戻し通路側が凸部であっても、上記と同様の作用・効果を得ることができる。
また、上記第１から第３実施形態の何れかに、上述の凹部及び凸部形状を適用しても構わない。
【００５５】
次に、本発明に係る第５の実施形態について、図１３を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００５６】
第５の実施形態と第３の実施形態との異なる点は、多段オリフィス７０が、オリフィス部材４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃの上流側の流路内に配設されオリフィス孔１２の径よりも小さい網目から構成されているフィルタ（メッシュ部材）７２を備えていることである。
【００５７】
上記の構成からなる多段オリフィス７０においては、潤滑油内に異物等が混入していてもフィルタ７４の網目でせき止められるので、下流側に異物が流がれず、オリフィス孔１２が異物によって塞がれることを抑制することができる。
【００５８】
したがって、この多段オリフィス７０によれば、潤滑油が必要とされる部分に、安定した潤滑油量とともに異物が抑えられた潤滑油を提供することができる。
【００５９】
次に、本発明に係る第６の実施形態について、図１４を参照して説明する。
なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００６０】
第６の実施形態と第３の実施形態との異なる点は、第３の実施形態では単に油戻し通路１０内にオリフィス部材４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃと中央部パッキン５０Ａ，５０Ｂ及び端部パッキン５８Ａ，５８Ｂが挿入されているのに対し、第６の実施形態の多段オリフィス７５が、内部が貫通されたプラグ部材８０内に、オリフィス部材４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃと中央部パッキン５０Ａ，５０Ｂ及び端部パッキン５８Ａ，５８Ｂとが交互に連設されて構成され、油戻し通路８２内にねじ止めされている点である。
すなわち、本実施形態のプラグ部材８０には、外周面に雄ねじ部（着脱機構）８４が形成され、油戻し通路８２内面には、雄ねじ部８４と螺合される雌ねじ部（着脱機構）８６が形成されている。
【００６１】
上記の構成からなる多段オリフィス７５は、あらかじめプラグ部材８０内に複数個のオリフィス部材４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃと中央部パッキン５０Ａ，５０Ｂ，及び端部パッキン５８Ａ，５８Ｂとが配設された後、油戻し通路８２内の雌ねじ部８６に雄ねじ部８４とを螺着させて組み立てられる。すなわち、プラグ部材８０の雄ねじ部８４と油戻し通路８２の雌ねじ部８６とは、着脱機構として機能する。
【００６２】
この多段オリフィス７５によれば、取付対象物とは別に組み立てられるので、取扱性や組立性が向上するとともに、取外し可能となるためメンテナンス性も向上する。なお、取付対象物としては、スクロール型圧縮機に限られず、ロータリ型、スクリュー型、遠心型などの圧縮機や、さらには、アクチュエータなど圧縮機以外の潤滑油量制御を行う機械などが挙げられる。また、水量調節を必要とする配管内部への使用しても好適に機能するものである。
【００６３】
【発明の効果】
以上説明した本発明の流量制御機構においては以下の効果を奏する。
本発明は、複数のオリフィスを備える流量制御機構の内部流路を折り返す構成としたので、流量制御機構を設けるためのスペースが少なくても好適に流量制御のためのオリフィス数を確保できる。
【００６４】
さらに、本発明は、パッキンに折返し用パッキン孔を備え、複数の連設方向流路が折返されて一つの流路として連通されている。また、本発明は、パッキンにパッキン孔と、パッキン内微細孔又はパッキン孔毛細管路とが設けられているので、より長い流体の流路長を確保でき、圧力損失量を増加させることができる。
【００６５】
したがって、これらの本発明によれば、流量制御機構を小型化でき、流路長さ寸法の制約を受ける部位にも取付できる。特に、冷凍空調用圧縮機の油戻し通路に好適である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１の実施形態における多段オリフィスを示す断面図である。
【図２】本発明の第１の実施形態のスクロール型圧縮機の要部を示す断面図である。
【図３】本発明の第１の実施形態の多段オリフィスにおけるオリフィス部材を示す平面図である。
【図４】本発明の第１の実施形態の多段オリフィスにおける中央部パッキンを示す平面図である。
【図５】本発明の第１の実施形態の多段オリフィスにおける端部パッキンを示す平面図である。
【図６】本発明の第１の実施形態におけるオリフィス部材の他の例を示す平面図である。
【図７】本発明の第１の実施形態における中央部パッキンの他の例を示す平面図である。
【図８】本発明の第１の実施形態における端部パッキンの他の例を示す平面図である。
【図９】本発明の第２の実施形態の多段オリフィスにおけるオリフィス部材とパッキンとを上流側から連設順に示す平面図である。
【図１０】本発明の第２の実施形態の多段オリフィスを示す断面図である。
【図１１】本発明の第３の実施形態の多段オリフィスにおけるオリフィス部材とパッキンとを上流側から連設順に示す平面図である。
【図１２】本発明の第４の実施形態において取付状態の多段オリフィスにおけるオリフィス部材とパッキンを示す軸方向に直交した方向の断面図である。
【図１３】本発明の第５の実施形態の多段オリフィスを示す断面図である。
【図１４】本発明の第６の実施形態の多段オリフィスを示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１、３５、４８、６０、７０、７５ 多段オリフィス（流量制御機構）
２ スクロール型圧縮機（取付対象物）
１０、６６、８２ 油戻し通路（貫通孔）
１２ａ、１２ｂ、１２ｃ オリフィス孔
１４Ａ、１４Ｂ、１４Ｃ、４０Ａ、４０Ｂ、４０Ｃ、４０Ｄ、６２ オリフィス部材
１８Ａ、５０Ａ、５０Ｂ 中央部パッキン（パッキン）
１８Ｂ、１８Ｃ、１８Ｅ、１８Ｆ、５８Ａ、５８Ｂ 端部パッキン（パッキン）
１８ａ、１８ｂ、１８ｃ、４４ａ、４４ｂ、４４ｃ、４４ｄ 中央部パッキン孔（パッキン孔）
１８ｄ、５８ａ 端部パッキン孔（パッキン孔）
１８ｅ 折返し用パッキン孔（パッキン孔）
３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃ 連設方向流路
４６ａ、４６ｂ、４６ｃ パッキン内微細孔
５４ パッキン内毛細管路
６２ａ、６４ａ 凸部（部材側凸部）
６４ パッキン
６６ａ 凹部（孔側凹部）
７２ フィルタ（メッシュ部材）
８０ プラグ部材
８４ 雄ねじ部（着脱機構）
８６ 雌ねじ部（着脱機構）[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fluid control mechanism for controlling a flow rate of a fluid flowing through a water supply pipe, an oil supply pipe, or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a valve, an orifice, or the like is known as a flow rate control mechanism that controls a flow rate in a fluid flow path such as a water supply pipe or an oil supply pipe.
In particular, when the flow rate is adjusted by reducing the flow rate, an orifice capable of reducing the flow rate with a simple structure has been often used.
[0003]
The orifice is configured to reduce a flow rate by utilizing a pressure loss when a fluid passes through a small hole provided in a flat plate. In order to improve the effect of the pressure loss, a multi-stage orifice having a plurality of orifice members connected in the flow direction is used (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-25094 (FIGS. 1 and 6)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-292087 (FIG. 1)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional multistage orifice, the length of the water supply pipe or the oil supply pipe is restricted, so that the number of the plurality of orifice members and packings that support the orifice members at appropriate intervals is limited. You. For this reason, depending on the throttle amount, it may be difficult to obtain a sufficient throttle amount even when a plurality of orifice members are inserted.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid control mechanism capable of effectively reducing the flow rate of a fluid even with a limited length.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
According to the present invention, an orifice member having an orifice hole and a packing having a packing hole are alternately provided in a through hole of an object to be mounted, and the orifice hole and the packing hole are connected to each other to form a fluid flow path. In the formed flow control mechanism, a plurality of orifice holes are formed in the orifice member, and the packing disposed between the plurality of orifice members is one of the ones adjacent in the connecting direction. It has a plurality of the packing holes that form a plurality of continuous direction flow paths by respectively communicating the orifice holes, and the packing disposed at both ends of the plurality of orifice members is one of the continuous direction flow paths. It has a folded packing hole for communicating the downstream end with the upstream end of the other adjacent connection direction flow path, and a plurality of the connection direction flow paths are communicated as one flow path. That.
[0008]
In this flow rate control mechanism, since a plurality of continuous direction flow paths are folded and communicated as one flow path, a longer flow path length of the fluid can be secured through a larger number of orifice holes, and the pressure loss amount Can be increased.
[0009]
According to the present invention, an orifice member having an orifice hole and a packing having a packing hole are alternately provided in a through hole of an object to be mounted, and the orifice hole and the packing hole are connected to each other to form a fluid flow path. A flow control mechanism to be formed, wherein a plurality of packing holes are formed in the packing, one packing hole communicating with the orifice hole on the upstream side, and another packing hole communicating with the orifice hole on the downstream side. It is characterized in that a micro hole in the packing or a packing hole capillary channel which connects the packing hole directly or through another different packing hole is provided.
[0010]
In this flow rate control mechanism, since the packing is provided with the packing hole and the fine hole in the packing or the capillary hole of the packing hole, the packing itself can secure a longer fluid flow path length and increase the pressure loss amount. Can be.
[0011]
The present invention is the flow rate control mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the orifice member and the packing each have a positioning member-side concave portion or a member-side convex portion formed on an outer peripheral portion thereof, and In the through hole, a hole-side convex portion or a hole-side concave portion that engages with the member-side concave portion or the member-side convex portion is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the through hole.
[0012]
In this flow rate control mechanism, a concave portion or a convex portion is formed in the orifice member and the packing, and a convex portion or a concave portion engaging with the concave portion or the convex portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole of the mounting object. The engagement between the two makes it easy to position the orifice member and the packing during assembly.
[0013]
The present invention is the flow control mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a mesh of a mesh smaller than a diameter of the orifice hole in a flow path of the fluid upstream of at least one orifice member. A member is provided.
[0014]
In this flow control mechanism, since a mesh member having a mesh smaller than the diameter of the orifice hole is disposed on the upstream side of the orifice member, foreign matter that is going to flow into the flow control mechanism is removed by the mesh and the orifice hole is removed. Clogging of foreign matter is suppressed.
[0015]
The present invention is the flow rate control mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a plug member formed by connecting the orifice member and the packing to an internal through-hole, An attachment / detachment mechanism for attaching / detaching to / from the through hole of the attachment target is provided.
[0016]
The flow rate control mechanism includes a plug member and an attachment / detachment mechanism for attaching / detaching the plug member to / from the through-hole of the object to be attached. Therefore, when the flow rate control amount is changed or when maintenance is performed, it can be easily removed. Replacement becomes possible.
[0017]
The present invention is the flow rate control mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the attachment / detachment mechanism includes a male screw portion formed on an outer peripheral surface of the plug member, and the male screw portion formed on an inner surface of the through hole of the mounting object. And a female screw part to be screwed.
[0018]
In this flow rate control mechanism, a male screw portion is formed on the plug member surface, and a female screw portion is formed on the inner surface of the through hole of the mounting object, so that the orifice member and the packing are assembled to the mounting object by a screw method after assembly. It can be easily attached and detached.
[0019]
The present invention is a flow control mechanism including an orifice member having a plurality of orifice holes in an internal flow path communicating an inflow portion and an outflow portion,
The orifice member forming the orifice hole forms a wall of a folded portion forming a folded flow passage in the internal flow passage, and the folded portion and the orifice hole communicate with each other.
[0020]
This flow rate control mechanism has a configuration in which the folded portion forming the folded flow path of the internal flow path and the orifice hole communicate with each other, so that a plurality of orifices can be provided in a limited space, and It is possible to finely control the flow rate.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a multi-stage orifice (flow control mechanism) according to the present embodiment. As a flow control mechanism using the multi-stage orifice 1, for example, a scroll compressor (FIG. The lubricating oil amount control mechanism of the object 2 to be mounted.
[0022]
The scroll compressor 2 includes a cylindrical housing 3 and a scroll compression mechanism 5 disposed inside the housing 3 via a rotary shaft 4. The housing 3 is provided with a suction port 6 for sucking the working fluid and a discharge port 7 for discharging the refrigerant compressed by the scroll-type compression mechanism 5. Further, the housing 3 is provided with an oil separation mechanism 8 for centrifugally separating the lubricating oil mixed in the refrigerant from the refrigerant, and an oil reservoir 9 for storing the lubricating oil separated from the oil separation mechanism 8. Further, an oil return passage (through-hole) 10 for flowing lubricating oil (fluid) from the oil reservoir 9 to the scroll-type compression mechanism 5 is formed. The multi-stage orifice 1 is provided in the oil return passage 10 and adjusts the amount of oil supplied from the oil reservoir 9 to the scroll-type compression mechanism 5. The oil whose oil amount has been adjusted flows out from the discharge hole 10a functioning as an outflow portion of the flow control mechanism.
[0023]
Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the multi-stage orifice 1 is composed of a plurality of orifice members 14A, 14B, 14C having orifice holes 12 and a plurality of packings (central packing 18A, end packings 18B, 18C). Be composed. The orifice members 14A, 14B, 14C and the packings 18A, 18B, 18C are alternately provided in the oil return passage 10 and are fixed by a retaining ring 24. An inflow hole 24a is formed in the retaining ring 24. The inflow hole 24a functions as an inflow portion of the flow control mechanism and also functions as an orifice member forming the first orifice mechanism in a broad sense.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 3, three orifice holes 12a, 12b, and 12c are formed in the orifice members 14A, 14B, and 14C, which become elements connected in the multistage orifice 1 and form a plurality of orifice mechanisms. I have. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the orifice holes 12a, 12b, and 12c of the orifice members 14A, 14B, and 14C that face each other in the connecting direction are respectively connected to the central packing 18A, which is also a connected element. The central packing holes 18a, 18b, 18c which form the continuous direction flow paths 30a, 30b, 30c (see FIG. 1) are provided. As shown in FIG. 5, the end packings 18B and 18C have the end packing holes 18d and the other end adjacent to the downstream end of one continuous direction flow path 30a (the orifice hole 12a of the orifice member 14C). A return packing hole 18e is provided for communicating with the upstream end (orifice hole 12b of the orifice member 14C) of the continuous direction flow path 30b.
[0025]
By the folded packing hole 18e, the continuous direction flow paths 30a, 30b, and 30c communicate as one flow path, whereby the internal flow path through which the oil serving as the flow control target medium flows inside the multistage orifice 1. A configuration is provided that is folded twice with respect to the setting direction. More specifically, the orifice members 14A and 14C and the packing hole 18e form a flow path folded portion.
[0026]
Hereinafter, as an example of the flow rate control in the multistage orifice 1, a method of determining the flow path area and the number of orifice holes of the orifice member according to the required oil amount will be described. Here, the required oil amount is determined from the lubricating oil supply conditions (pressure, flow rate, etc.) on the scroll-type compression mechanism 5 side. ).
In this equation (1), Q is the oil amount after control, α is the flow coefficient, A is the flow path area of the orifice hole, ΔP is the pressure loss generated when passing through the orifice hole, and ρ is the density of the lubricating oil. , N is the number of orifice members.
[0027]
(Equation 1)

[0028]
In the above formula (1), to obtain the oil amount Q, there is a method of reducing the flow path area A or increasing the number N of the orifice members. Since reducing the flow path area A has a processing limit, the number N of orifice members is determined from the oil amount Q. For this reason, by employing a structure in which the internal flow path is turned back, one orifice member can form a plurality of orifices. It can be set.
[0029]
Next, a fluid control method using the multi-stage orifice 1 of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described.
The lubricating oil introduced into the oil return passage 10 flows from the inflow hole 24a, passes through the end packing hole 18d of the end packing 18B, and the orifice hole 12a having the same hole axis as the hole and the central packing hole. 18A, and passes through the continuous direction flow path 30a formed from the end packing 18C and reaches the end packing hole 18d of the end packing 18C. During this time, the amount of the lubricating oil is adjusted according to equation (1) when passing through the three orifice holes 12a.
[0030]
Subsequently, the flow of the lubricating oil is folded back at the folding packing hole 18e, and passes through the continuous direction flow path 30b formed of the orifice hole 12b and the central packing hole 18b having the same hole axis in the reverse direction. Again to the end packing 18B. During this time, similarly, the amount of the lubricating oil passes through the three orifice holes 12b, and the amount of the lubricating oil is adjusted according to the equation (1).
[0031]
Further, the flow of the lubricating oil is folded back at the folding packing hole 18e, and passes in the opposite direction through the continuous direction flow path 30c including the orifice hole 12c and the central packing hole 18c having the same hole axis, and It reaches the end packing 18C again. During this time, similarly, the amount of the lubricating oil passes through the three orifice holes 12c, and the amount of the lubricating oil is adjusted according to the equation (1).
[0032]
In this manner, the amount of lubricating oil can be increased by ΔP due to the flow path having the length of the continuous direction flow paths 30a, 30b, and 30c, as compared with the multistage orifice in which the orifice member having only one orifice hole is continuously provided. Becomes relatively large, so that a large aperture amount can be obtained.
[0033]
According to the multi-stage orifice 1, even if the scroll portion has a reduced width due to the reduced size of the scroll compressor and the oil return passage cannot have a sufficient length, the oil return can be performed. The function of restricting the amount of lubricating oil flowing through the passage 10 can be improved.
[0034]
The shapes of the orifice members 14A, 14B, 14C, the center packing 18A and the end packings 18B, 18C are not limited to those described above, and the orifice member 14D shown in FIG. 6 and the center part shown in FIG. Even if the packing 18D and the end packings 18E and 18F shown in FIG. 8 are used, the folded flow path can be formed inside the multistage orifice 1, and the same operation and effect can be obtained in controlling the oil amount. Can be
[0035]
As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, when the vertically long orifices 14A, 14B, and 14C and the packings 18A, 18B, and 18C are used, the end portions forming the folded portions of the internal flow paths. There is an advantage that the multistage orifice 1 can be easily formed only by carefully attaching the packings 18B and 18C only in the vertical direction.
[0036]
On the other hand, when circular orifices 14D and packings 18D, 18E, and 18F are used as shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, the influence of the installation direction of the mounting object can be further reduced. There is an advantage that the multistage orifice 1 can be easily formed.
[0037]
Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0038]
The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in the first embodiment, the folded flow path inside the multi-stage orifice 1 extends in the continuous direction, that is, along the direction from the inflow section to the outflow section. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the flow path is formed in a direction intersecting with the continuous direction.
[0039]
More specifically, in the first embodiment, a plurality of orifice holes are provided in one orifice member, and an orifice hole having the same hole axis is continuously provided in the direction in which the plurality of orifice members connected are connected. In the second embodiment, one orifice hole 12 is provided in the orifice members 40A, 40B, 40C, and 40D of the multistage orifice 35, while the central packing 42 has It is characterized in that two central packing holes 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d and micro holes 46a, 46b, 46c in the packing which communicate with each other are provided, and the packing also has an orifice function.
[0040]
That is, as shown in FIG. 9, in the present embodiment, the central packing 42 is adjacent to the downstream from one central packing hole 44 a communicating with the orifice hole 12 disposed facing the upstream. And packing minute holes 46a, 46b, 46c communicating with the other central packing holes 44d communicating with the other orifice holes 12 arranged through the central packing holes 44b, 44c. The orifice members 40A, 40B, 40C, 40D and the center packing 42 are connected in the oil return passage 10.
[0041]
Next, a description will be given of a fluid control method using the multi-stage orifice 35 of the present embodiment having the above configuration.
When the lubricating oil that has passed through the orifice member 40A shown in FIG. 9A is introduced into the central packing hole 44a of the first central packing 42 shown in FIG. To the adjacent central packing hole 44b. Subsequently, the lubricating oil reaches the central packing holes 44c and 44d through the fine holes 46b and 46c in the packing, respectively, and reaches the downstream orifice member 40B shown in FIG. I do. Subsequently, the lubricating oil circulates through the packing in the center packing 42 shown in FIG. 9D as described above, and is discharged from the center packing hole 44d.
[0042]
The above-described lubricating oil circulates in the center packing 42 shown in FIG. 9F by the same flow as reaching the orifice member 40C shown in FIG. 9E, and the orifice member 40D shown in FIG. Is discharged through the orifice hole 12.
[0043]
According to the multistage orifice 35, the orifice mechanism is formed by the orifice hole 12 provided in the orifice members 40A, 40B, 40C, and 40D and the packing hole 44a provided in the center packing 42 which is a space where the orifice hole 12 is opened. You. In addition, the fine holes 46a, 46b, 46c in the packing formed by the wall surfaces (surfaces) of the orifice members 40A, 40B, 40C, 40D sandwiching the center packing 42 and the fine holes 46a, 46b, 46c are opened. An orifice mechanism is also formed by the packing holes 44b, 44c, and 44d which are spaces, and a configuration including an orifice mechanism combining the two is realized.
[0044]
In this embodiment, the micro holes 46a, 46b, and 46c also function as orifices in order to form a folded flow path inside the multi-stage orifice 35 so as to intersect with the continuous direction. As a result, it is possible to improve the function of restricting the flow rate of the flowing oil without changing the length of the oil return passage 10. Specifically, the packing holes 44b, 44c formed by sandwiching the central packing 42 between the orifice members 40A, 40B, 40C, 40D and the fine holes 46b in the packing function as a flow path turn-back portion.
[0045]
Next, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0046]
The difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment is that, in the second embodiment, an orifice function is added to the packing, while a fine hole in the packing is provided in the center packing and the packing is added. In the multi-stage orifice 48 according to the third embodiment, the central packings 50A and 50B disposed in the oil return passage 10 as shown in FIG. 10 directly communicate with the central packing holes 52a and 52b as shown in FIG. The point is that a capillary tube 54 inside the packing is provided to form a folded portion of the flow path and a capillary function is added to the packing.
[0047]
Here, the central packing hole 52a is disposed so as to communicate with the orifice hole 12 disposed adjacent to the upstream side, and the central packing hole 52b is disposed adjacent to the downstream side. Is provided so as to communicate with another orifice hole 12. Along with these orifice members 40A, 40B, 40C and central packings 50A, 50B, end packings 58A, 58B having one end packing hole 58a are arranged at both ends of the multistage orifice 48.
[0048]
In the multi-stage orifice 48 having the above configuration, when the lubricating oil flows from the orifice hole 12 of the orifice member 40A shown in FIG. 11A to the central packing hole 52a of the central packing 50A shown in FIG. The gas flows through the inner capillary channel 54 and is discharged to another central packing hole 52b. After that, it reaches another orifice member 40B on the downstream side shown in FIG. 11C and penetrates the orifice hole 12. Similarly, the gas flows through the central packing 50B shown in FIG. 11D and the orifice member 40C shown in FIG. 11E.
[0049]
According to the multi-stage orifice 48, the inner capillary 54 of the packing has a function as a capillary, so that it is possible to improve the function of restricting the flow rate without changing the length of the oil return passage 10.
[0050]
Next, a fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0051]
The difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is that, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the multistage orifice 60 in the fourth embodiment has a positioning protrusion on the outer peripheral portion. This is a point that an orifice member 62 in which portions (member-side convex portions) 62a and 64a are formed and a packing 64 are provided.
Further, in the inner peripheral portion of the oil return passage 66, there are formed positioning concave portions (hole side concave portions) 66a which engage with the convex portions 62a and 64a, respectively.
[0052]
The multi-stage orifice 60 having the above configuration is assembled by engaging the orifice member 62 and the convex portions 62a and 64a of the packing 64 with the concave portion 66 of the oil return passage 66 during assembly in the oil return passage 66.
[0053]
According to the multistage orifice 60, the orifice member and the packing can be easily positioned and disposed in the oil return passage without using a special tool when assembling the orifice member and the packing, so that the assembling workability is improved.
[0054]
In the above-described embodiment, the positioning convex portion is provided on the orifice member or the packing side. However, even if the orifice member or the packing side is a concave portion and the oil return passage side is a convex portion, the same as above. Function and effect can be obtained.
Further, the above-described concave and convex shapes may be applied to any of the first to third embodiments.
[0055]
Next, a fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0056]
The difference between the fifth embodiment and the third embodiment is that the multi-stage orifice 70 is arranged in the flow path on the upstream side of the orifice members 40A, 40B, 40C and is smaller than the diameter of the orifice hole 12. The filter (mesh member) 72 is provided.
[0057]
In the multi-stage orifice 70 having the above configuration, even if foreign matter or the like is mixed in the lubricating oil, the foreign matter does not flow downstream because the mesh is blocked by the mesh of the filter 74, and the orifice hole 12 is blocked by the foreign matter. Can be suppressed.
[0058]
Therefore, according to the multi-stage orifice 70, it is possible to provide a stable lubricating oil amount and a lubricating oil in which foreign matter is suppressed in a portion where lubricating oil is required.
[0059]
Next, a sixth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0060]
The difference between the sixth embodiment and the third embodiment is that, in the third embodiment, the orifice members 40A, 40B, 40C, the center packings 50A, 50B and the end packings 58A, 58B is inserted, while the multi-stage orifice 75 of the sixth embodiment is provided with orifice members 40A, 40B, 40C, central packings 50A, 50B, and end packings in a plug member 80 having a penetrated inside. 58A and 58B are connected alternately and are screwed into the oil return passage 82.
That is, in the plug member 80 of this embodiment, a male screw portion (detachment mechanism) 84 is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and a female screw portion (detachment mechanism) 86 screwed with the male screw portion 84 is formed on the inner surface of the oil return passage 82. Is formed.
[0061]
The multi-stage orifice 75 having the above-described configuration is provided with a plurality of orifice members 40A, 40B, 40C, central packings 50A, 50B, and end packings 58A, 58B in a plug member 80 in advance. The male screw portion 84 is screwed into the female screw portion 86 in the return passage 82 and assembled. That is, the male screw portion 84 of the plug member 80 and the female screw portion 86 of the oil return passage 82 function as a detachable mechanism.
[0062]
According to the multi-stage orifice 75, since the orifice is assembled separately from the object to be mounted, handleability and assemblability are improved, and since the orifice can be detached, maintainability is also improved. The mounting object is not limited to a scroll type compressor, but includes a rotary type, a screw type, a centrifugal type, etc., and a machine that controls the amount of lubricating oil other than the compressor, such as an actuator. . Also, it can function favorably even when used inside a pipe requiring water volume adjustment.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
The flow rate control mechanism of the present invention described above has the following effects.
According to the present invention, since the internal flow path of the flow control mechanism having a plurality of orifices is folded back, the number of orifices for flow control can be suitably secured even if the space for providing the flow control mechanism is small.
[0064]
Further, according to the present invention, the packing is provided with a folding packing hole, and a plurality of connecting direction flow paths are turned up and communicated as one flow path. Further, according to the present invention, since the packing is provided with the packing hole and the fine hole in the packing or the capillary hole of the packing hole, a longer flow path length of the fluid can be secured, and the pressure loss can be increased.
[0065]
Therefore, according to these aspects of the present invention, the flow control mechanism can be downsized and can be attached to a part which is restricted by the flow path length. In particular, it is suitable for an oil return passage of a compressor for refrigeration and air conditioning.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a multistage orifice according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a main part of the scroll compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an orifice member in the multistage orifice according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a center packing in the multistage orifice according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an end packing in the multistage orifice according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing another example of the orifice member according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing another example of the center packing in the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another example of the end packing according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an orifice member and a packing in a multistage orifice according to a second embodiment of the present invention in the order of continuous installation from the upstream side.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a multistage orifice according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an orifice member and a packing in a multistage orifice according to a third embodiment of the present invention in the order in which the orifice members and the packing are connected in order from the upstream side.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction showing an orifice member and packing in a multi-stage orifice in a mounted state in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a multistage orifice according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a multi-stage orifice according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 35, 48, 60, 70, 75 Multi-stage orifice (flow control mechanism)
2 Scroll compressor (object to be mounted)
10, 66, 82 Oil return passage (through hole)
12a, 12b, 12c Orifice hole
14A, 14B, 14C, 40A, 40B, 40C, 40D, 62 Orifice member
18A, 50A, 50B Central packing (packing)
18B, 18C, 18E, 18F, 58A, 58B End packing (packing)
18a, 18b, 18c, 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d Central packing hole (packing hole)
18d, 58a End packing hole (packing hole)
18e Folded packing hole (packing hole)
30a, 30b, 30c Continuous direction flow path
46a, 46b, 46c Micro holes in packing
54 Capillary tube inside packing
62a, 64a convex part (member side convex part)
64 packing
66a recess (hole side recess)
72 Filter (mesh member)
80 Plug member
84 Male thread (removal mechanism)
86 Female thread (Removable mechanism)

Claims (7)

An orifice member having an orifice hole and a packing having a packing hole are alternately connected in a through hole of an object to be mounted, and the orifice hole and the packing hole communicate with each other to form a fluid flow path. A control mechanism,
A plurality of the orifice holes are formed in the orifice member,
The packing provided between the plurality of orifice members has a plurality of the packing holes forming a plurality of continuous direction flow paths by communicating the orifice holes facing each other in the connecting direction,
The packing provided at both ends of the plurality of orifice members has a folded packing hole for communicating a downstream end of one of the connecting direction flow paths and an upstream end of the other of the connecting direction flow paths. A flow control mechanism, wherein the plurality of connecting direction flow paths are communicated as one flow path. An orifice member having an orifice hole and a packing having a packing hole are alternately connected in a through hole of an object to be mounted, and the orifice hole and the packing hole communicate with each other to form a fluid flow path. A control mechanism,
A plurality of the packing holes are formed in the packing,
One packing hole communicating with the orifice hole on the upstream side, and the other packing hole communicating with the orifice hole on the downstream side, or a fine hole in the packing communicating directly or through another different packing hole. A flow rate control mechanism comprising a packing hole capillary channel. The orifice member and the packing are each formed with a member-side concave portion or a member-side convex portion for positioning at an outer peripheral portion,
The through-hole of the mounting object is formed with a hole-side convex portion or a hole-side concave portion that engages with the member-side concave portion or the member-side convex portion on an inner peripheral surface. Flow control mechanism as described. The mesh member having a mesh smaller than the diameter of the orifice hole is disposed in the fluid flow path located upstream of at least one of the orifice members. 2. The flow control mechanism according to 1. A plug member configured by connecting the orifice member and the packing to an internal through hole;
The flow rate control mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an attachment / detachment mechanism for attaching / detaching the plug member to / from the through hole of the attachment target. The attachment / detachment mechanism includes a male screw portion formed on an outer peripheral surface of the plug member, and a female screw portion formed on an inner surface of a through hole of the mounting object and screwed with the male screw portion. The flow control mechanism according to claim 5, wherein A flow control mechanism including an orifice member having a plurality of orifice holes in an internal flow path communicating the inflow portion and the outflow portion,
A flow control mechanism, wherein the orifice member forming the orifice hole forms a wall of a folded portion forming a folded flow passage in the internal flow passage, and the folded portion communicates with the orifice hole. .

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