JP2004204606A - Building panel and heat insulation structure of building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building panel capable of surely and firmly mounting a bar member used for a venting furring strip and an external facing and an external substrate material mounted thereon to a structural material such as a column and a beam or the like and a heat insulation structure of a building. <P>SOLUTION: An air-tight layer 2 of an air-tight sheet is formed in an outdoor side of a wall framework 1, and the bar member 3 used for the venting furring strip and a bar member 4 are mounted to the outdoor side. A heat insulating layer 5 consisting of a heat insulating material is formed in the outdoor side of the air-tight layer 2, a vapor-proof waterproofing sheet and the external facing 6 are mounted to the outdoor side thereof, and the aeration layer 7 is formed between the heat insulating material 5 and the external facing 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a building panel and a heat insulating structure of a building, and is mainly applied to an outer wall and a roof of a steel building or a wooden building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When the outer wall of a steel building or a wooden building has an outer heat-insulating structure, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, an airtight material such as a polyethylene film or a plywood is provided on the outdoor side of a structural member (frame member) 10 such as a pillar or a beam. In addition to attaching a bearing surface material such as the above, each joint portion of these members is taped to form an airtight layer 11, and a heat insulating material is attached outside the room to form a heat insulating layer 12.
[0003]
A ventilation shell 14 for forming the ventilation layer 13 is attached to the outdoor side of the heat insulating layer 12, and a nonflammable exterior material 15 is directly or externally provided on the exterior of the ventilation shell 14. Has been installed through.
[0004]
In this case, the ventilation shell 14 is fixed to the structural material 10 such as a pillar or a beam by nails or screws (not shown) penetrating the heat insulating layer 12, and the exterior material 15 or the exterior base material is made of stainless steel. It is fixed with ring nails, screws, etc. (not shown). Further, a ventilation layer 13 is formed between the heat insulating layer 12 and the exterior material 15 or the exterior base material.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Patent No. 2700935 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-10-46743
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described structure, nails or screws for fixing the ventilation shell 14 to the structural material 10 can be driven into the structural material 10 such as a pillar or a beam only at a small part of the tip. 15 may not be able to be firmly attached to the structural material 10. Therefore, nails or screws for fixing the ventilation shell 14 to the structural material 10 may be thick or long, and the driving pitch may be reduced. Needed to be quite small.
[0007]
Even if such measures are taken, cracks may occur at joints due to an earthquake or the like, and there is a risk that rainwater may enter. Furthermore, as a means of integrating the face material and the heat insulating material, when an adhesive is used, not only separation and disassembly cannot be performed later, but also there are problems such as an increase in manufacturing cost. On the other hand, when a nail or a screw is used, the heat insulating material is generally used. There was a problem that it was difficult to integrate because of the soft material.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and has a high heat insulating property and air permeability, and a structure such as a pillar or a beam, which has a ventilation trunk, and further includes an exterior material and an exterior base material attached thereon. It is an object of the present invention to provide an architectural panel and a heat insulating structure of a building that can be securely and firmly attached to a material.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The architectural panel according to claim 1, wherein the architectural panel is attached to a wall or a roof of a building, wherein the architectural panel is formed of a heat insulating material, a face material attached to at least one side thereof, and a plurality of cross members, wherein the heat insulating material is It is characterized by being fixed to one side of the face material by the crosspiece member.
[0010]
For example, in the case of an architectural panel attached as a roof panel, a heat insulating material and a plurality of cross members are attached below the face material, and the heat insulating material is fixed to the lower side of the face material by the cross member. It can be easily formed.
[0011]
In the case of a building panel attached as a wall panel, a heat insulating material and a plurality of cross members are attached to the outside of the face material, and the heat insulating material is fixed to the outside of the face material by the bar members. It can be easily formed.
[0012]
The invention of the present application, in particular, since the bar member can be directly nailed or screwed to the shaft assembly and attached, the bar member and the exterior material or both members of the exterior material and the exterior base material are connected to the shaft assembly via the bar member. It can be securely and firmly attached. Further, since the three members of the face material, the crosspiece member, and the heat insulating material are integrally connected to form a panel, the attachment of the three members can be performed in one operation.
[0013]
Furthermore, in the case of building panels for walls, the necessary ventilation layer can be easily formed simply by attaching a ventilation shell to the exterior of the facing material and attaching an exterior material to the exterior of the panel. In the case of a panel, a necessary ventilation layer can be easily formed only by attaching a pier to the indoor side of a face material (a base plate or a plywood under a roof).
[0014]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the architectural panel according to the first aspect, wherein the crosspiece is formed to have a substantially T-shaped section, an L-shaped, an H-shaped, an I-shaped, a groove shape, or a substantially cross-shaped cross section. It is characterized by the following.
[0015]
In particular, by using a bar member formed in such a cross-sectional shape as the cross member, the edge of the heat insulating material is hooked to the bar member, so that the heat insulating material is extremely simple without using any nails or screws. Not only can it be securely attached, but also separation and disassembly can be easily performed.
[0016]
A building panel according to a third aspect is the building panel according to the first or second aspect, wherein a vacuum heat insulating panel material is used as a heat insulating material.
[0017]
The heat insulation structure of a building according to claim 4, wherein a heat insulation layer is formed on the outside of the frame, a ventilation layer is formed on the outside, and an exterior material is further attached on the outside of the frame. A beam member serving also as a ventilation trunk edge is attached to the outside of the shaft assembly, and the exterior material is attached to the beam member.
[0018]
The invention of the present application is particularly directed to a case in which a bar member for attaching an exterior material or an exterior material and an exterior base material is directly nailed or screwed to a shaft assembly and attached to the shaft member. The exterior base material can be securely and firmly attached to the frame.
[0019]
In addition, the ventilation layer in this case is generally desirably about 18 mm to 40 mm. In addition, a siding board, a mortar, an ALC plate, a metal plate, or the like can be used as the exterior material. Further, as the crosspiece member, a wooden crosspiece member is usually used, but a crosspiece member made of a synthetic resin (including a low foamed product) can also be used.
[0020]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating structure for a building, wherein an airtight layer is formed between the frame and the heat insulating layer. In this case, the airtight layer can be easily formed by attaching a moisture-proof airtight sheet, for example, a polyethylene resin-based sheet having a thickness of 0.1 mm or more, a plywood, or a particle board. Furthermore, a nonflammable airtight layer can be formed by using a steel plate or a flexible board.
[0021]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating structure for a building according to the fourth or fifth aspect, wherein a heat insulating material is attached between the cross members to form a heat insulating layer. Things. Although the heat insulating material in this case is not particularly limited, for example, a synthetic resin foam such as a polystyrene resin, a polyolefin resin, a polyurethane resin, and a phenol resin and a fibrous heat insulating material, particularly glass wool with a moisture-proof layer, etc., are insulated. It can be used as a material.
[0022]
The heat insulating structure for a building according to claim 7 is the heat insulating structure for a building according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the crosspiece is substantially T-shaped, L-shaped, H-shaped, I-shaped, grooved, or substantially cross-sectional. It is characterized by being formed in a cross shape. Generally, the cross-section member having a substantially rectangular cross section can be used. In particular, by using the cross-section member having a substantially T-shaped cross section as described above, the edge of the heat insulating material is hooked on the cross-section member. Since the heat insulating material can be stopped, the heat insulating material can be extremely easily and reliably attached to the outdoor side of the frame without using any adhesive, nails, screws, or the like.
[0023]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the heat insulating structure of a building according to the sixth or seventh aspect, a synthetic resin foam material or a vacuum heat insulating panel is attached as the heat insulating material.
[0024]
Vacuum insulation panels must be completely degassed from the gas inside the extruded polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam that has been made into open cells, and then vacuum-packed with a material with high gas barrier properties (for example, aluminum foil laminated film, aluminum evaporated film, etc.). And generally suppresses the heat transfer of the gas phase, and has heat insulation 2 to 3 times that of ordinary extruded polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam.
[0025]
In particular, by using a vacuum heat insulating panel as a heat insulating material, a vacuum state can be prevented from being broken by a nail or the like, and a heat insulating wall or a heat insulating roof having extremely high heat insulating performance can be formed. For example, a vacuum insulation panel (thermal conductivity) required to have an average heat transmission coefficient equivalent to that of a 50 mm heat insulating material of three types of extruded polystyrene foam (thermal conductivity: 0.028 W / m · K) of normal JIS A 9511 The required thickness of 0.01 W / m · K) is 30 mm, and the heat insulating material can be reduced by about 40%. For this reason, especially in a cold region where a thick heat insulating material (80 mm or more) is required, using a heat insulating material thinner than the sash window frame has advantages such as easy installation and construction.
[0026]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1A and 1B show an example of a heat insulating structure applied to heat insulation of a wall of a building. In FIG. 1, an airtight layer 2 made of an airtight sheet is formed on the outdoor side of a wall frame assembly 1, and on the outdoor side. A beam member 3 and a beam member 4 which also serve as a ventilation trunk edge are respectively attached.
[0027]
Further, a heat insulating layer 5 made of a heat insulating material is formed on the outdoor side of the airtight layer 2, and a moisture-proof waterproof sheet (not shown) and an exterior material 6 are attached on the outdoor side in an overlapping manner, respectively. A gas permeable layer 7 is formed between the gas permeable layer 6 and the gas permeable layer 6.
[0028]
For the airtight layer 2, a moisture-proof airtight sheet, for example, a polyethylene resin sheet having a thickness of 0.1 mm or more is used, and the airtight sheet is fixed to the columns 1a and the studs 1b of the wall frame 1 by staples (not shown). I have.
[0029]
Further, the crosspiece 3 and the crosspiece 4 are both formed of wood or a synthetic resin material (including a low-foaming material), and the crosspiece 3 is formed in a substantially T-shaped cross section and the crosspiece 4 is formed in a substantially L-shaped cross section. Have been. Further, the cross member 3 is attached to the outside of the stud 1b, and the cross member 4 is attached to the outside of the columns 1a, 1a installed on both sides of the stud 1b from the outside of the airtight sheet, respectively. 1a is fixed with nails or screws.
[0030]
In this case, in particular, the cross-section member 3 is formed to have a substantially T-shaped cross section, and the cross-section member 4 is formed to have a substantially L-shaped cross section. Engageable engagement pieces 3a and 4a are formed respectively.
[0031]
The heat insulating material of the heat insulating layer 5 is formed from a synthetic resin foam such as polystyrene resin, and the heat insulating material is fitted between the cross members 3 and 4, and the edges are hooked on the engaging pieces 3a and 4a, respectively. It is fixed by that.
[0032]
The exterior material 6 is formed from a siding board, lath mortar, an ALC plate, a metal plate, or the like. Further, the exterior material 6 is fixed to the beam members 3 and 4 with nails or screws.
[0033]
2A and 2B show another example of the heat insulating structure of the present invention, in which a vacuum heat insulating panel is used as the heat insulating material 5 in particular. In this case, a large number of rectangular punched holes are formed in a substrate 8 formed in a rectangular plate shape from a hard resin plate such as an extruded polystyrene plate, and a heat insulating material 5 formed in a panel shape is provided in each of the punched holes. , Is fitted in the shape of a rice field.
[0034]
Further, the substrate 8 is fitted between the crosspiece members 3 and 4, and is fixed by hooking the edges to the engaging pieces 3a and 4a, respectively. Therefore, also in this example, the heat insulating material 5 can be attached very easily and securely without using an adhesive or a nail.
[0035]
3 (a), 3 (b), 3 (c) and 3 (d) show an example of a building panel formed as a roof panel. In the figure, the lower side of the plywood (field board or plywood under the roof) 2 is shown. The beam members 3 and 4 are attached to the center and both ends of the plywood 2 respectively, and a heat insulating layer 5 made of a heat insulating material is formed between the beam members 3 and 4. In addition, the ventilation layer 7 is formed between the plywood (field board or plywood under the roof) 2 and the heat insulating layer 5 by forming the heat insulating layer 5 to be thin.
[0036]
Both the crosspiece member 3 and the crosspiece member 4 are formed of wood or a synthetic resin material, and a synthetic resin foam such as a polystyrene resin is used as a heat insulating material of the heat insulating layer 5, and the heat insulating material in this case is (a) In the example of (2), the rails 3 and 4 are fixed to the rails 3 and 4 with nails or screws.
[0037]
In the example of (b), the crosspiece 3 is formed in a substantially T-shaped cross section and the crosspiece 4 is formed in a substantially L-shaped cross section, whereby the engagement pieces 3a are provided on the side of the crosspiece 3 and the crosspiece 4. And 4a are respectively formed. Further, the heat insulating material of the heat insulating layer 5 is fitted between the bar member 3 at the center and the bar members 4 at both ends, and is fixed by hooking the edges to the engaging pieces 3a and 4a, respectively. .
[0038]
3 (c) and 3 (d), the cross-member 3 is formed in a substantially H-shaped (or I-shaped) cross-section, and the cross-member 4 is formed in a substantially groove-shaped cross-section. Engagement grooves 3b and 4b are formed on the side of the crosspiece member 4, respectively.
[0039]
The heat insulating material of the heat insulating layer 5 is fitted between the bar member 3 at the center and the bar members 4 at both ends, and the edges are engaged with the engaging grooves 3b and 4b, respectively. It is fixed without using such as. Further, in the example of FIG. 3D, the lower end surface of the heat insulating layer 5 and the lower end surfaces of the bar members 3 and the bar members 4 are formed to be flush.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
The invention of the present application is as described above, and in particular, since the bar member also serving as the ventilation trunk is directly attached to the outside of the shaft assembly without interposing the heat insulating material, the outer member is provided via the bar member and the bar member. Can be securely and firmly nailed to the frame.
[0041]
This also eliminates the need for measures such as increasing the diameter of the nail or reducing the pitch of the nails in order to increase the mounting strength of the beam member and the exterior material, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
[0042]
Further, by using a cross-section member having a substantially T-shaped, L-shaped, H-shaped, I-shaped, groove-shaped or cross-shaped cross-section, the heat-insulating material can be used as a frame without using any adhesive, nails, screws, or the like. There is also an effect that it can be mounted very easily.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B show an example of a heat insulating wall structure of a wooden building, wherein FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 1B is a side view.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show another example of a heat insulating wall structure of a wooden building, wherein FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 2B is a side view.
FIGS. 3 (a), (b), (c), and (d) are cross-sectional views of a building panel formed as a roof panel.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example of a heat insulating wall structure of a wooden building.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wall frame set 1a Column 1b Stud 2 Airtight layer 3 Bar member 3a Engagement piece 3b Engagement groove 4 Bar member 4a Engagement piece 4b Engagement groove 5 Heat insulation layer 6 Exterior material 7 Vent layer 8 Substrate

Claims (8)

An architectural panel attached to a wall or roof of a building, comprising: a heat insulating material; a face material attached to at least one side thereof; An architectural panel characterized by being fixed by: The architectural panel according to claim 1, wherein the crosspiece is formed in a substantially T-shaped, L-shaped, H-shaped, I-shaped, groove-shaped, or substantially cross-shaped cross-section. 3. The building panel according to claim 1, wherein a vacuum heat insulating panel material is used as the heat insulating material. A heat insulating layer is formed on the outdoor side of the frame, a ventilation layer is formed on the outdoor side, and further, an exterior material is attached to the outdoor side. A heat insulating structure for a building, wherein a cross-bar member is also mounted, and the exterior material is mounted to the cross-bar member. The heat insulating structure for a building according to claim 4, wherein an airtight layer is formed between the frame and the heat insulating layer. The heat insulating structure for a building according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a heat insulating material is attached between the cross members to form a heat insulating layer. The heat insulating structure for a building according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the crosspiece is formed in a substantially T-shaped, L-shaped, H-shaped, I-shaped, groove-shaped, or substantially cross-shaped cross-section. 8. The heat insulating structure for a building according to claim 6, wherein a synthetic resin foam material or a vacuum heat insulating panel material is attached as the heat insulating material.

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