JP2004202659A

JP2004202659A - Tool installing device in lathe

Info

Publication number: JP2004202659A
Application number: JP2002377586A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Takio Nakamura; 多喜夫中村; Yoshiaki Matsumoto; 義明松本; Tatsuo Shimizu; 達雄清水; Hiroshi Wakatsuki; 若月　　博
Original assignee: OM Ltd
Current assignee: OM Ltd
Priority date: 2002-12-26
Filing date: 2002-12-26
Publication date: 2004-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2022-12-26
Also published as: JP3875949B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an epoch-making tool installing device in a lathe sufficiently endurable against a large cutting force, eliminating a hydraulic system without hindering the machining function thereby, and saving energy and resources by using an air cylinder device as a driving source. <P>SOLUTION: A draw bar clamp mechanism 7 is advanced-retreated to a ram 4 by a draw bar driving device 5 by arranging an installing engaging part 3 in the ram 4 for engaging with a taper shank part 2 of a machining tool 1. When installing and fixing the tool 1 on and to the ram 4 by pullingly moving a clamp shaft 6, a wedge engaging part 8 is arranged in this clamp shaft 6 or a pullingly moving part 6A pulled and moved together with the clamp shaft 6. A wedge part 9 for engaging with this wedge engaging part 8 is arranged so as to freely advance and retreat, and a wedge mechanism 11 is provided for locking and holding a pulling-moving clamp position of the clamp shaft 6 by pressing and engaging the wedge part 9 advanced and retreated by a wedge driving device 10 to and with the wedge engaging part 8 by moving the part by driving or energization. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ドローバー機構により旋削工具を着脱自在にラムに取り付ける旋盤における工具取付装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
旋盤における工具取付装置は、一般に次のような構成である。
【０００３】
旋削工具の基端部に設けたテーパシャンク部が係合するテーパ状の取付係合部をラムに設け、このラムにドローバー駆動装置によって進退させるクランプ軸を駆動若しくは付勢により引動することで、前記テーパシャンク部のクランプ用突出部をクランプしてこのテーパシャンク部を前記取付係合部に押圧係合し前記工具をラムに着脱自在に取り付け固定するドローバークランプ機構を設けた構成としている。
【０００４】
即ち、例えばバネによる付勢によってクランプ軸が引動されると、チャック部がテーパシャンク部のクランプ用突出部（プルトップ）をチャックしつつ引動し、このテーパシャンク部をラム下端のテーパ状の取付係合部に引き寄せ係合して工具をクランプ固定し、逆にこの引動付勢に抗してドローバー駆動装置の駆動によってクランプ軸を押圧すると、チャックが外れて工具を外せるように構成している。
【０００５】
また、バネの付勢によってのみ引動チャックする構成とせずに、ドローバー駆動装置の駆動によってクランプ軸を引動して（勿論バネ付勢に加えて引動するようにしても良い。）チャックし、逆方向への駆動によってクランプ軸を押動すれば（バネ付勢に抗して押動するようにしても良い。）チャックが外れるように構成するものもある。
【０００６】
いずれにしても、ドローバー機構のクランプ軸を引動することで工具をチャック保持する構成である。
【０００７】
しかしながら、旋削工具をチャック固定して施削する場合、この工具の自重のみならず、旋削時には大きな負荷がかかる。
【０００８】
即ち、大きな切削力が工具に加わるため、大きなクランプ力を必要とする。
【０００９】
そのため、大きな引動力でクランプ軸を引動しなければならないため、これを引動駆動あるいはバネ付勢で引動する場合でも解除時にはこのバネ付勢に抗してクランプ軸を押動駆動する必要があることからこの押動駆動を行なうドローバー機構のドローバー駆動装置は、大きな駆動力の出せる大径の油圧シリンダ装置を用いなければならず、またそのため油圧二段シリンダとするものもある。
【００１０】
従って、従来の旋盤における工具取付装置は、必ず油圧シリンダ装置を必要とするために油圧レス化できず、省エネや省資源が図れない。
【００１１】
本発明は、油圧レス化の大きな阻害要因となっていた旋盤における工具取付装置の駆動源に着目し、従来の固定観念を打破してエアシリンダ装置によって旋盤における工具取付装置を実現できるようにしたもので、直に加わる大きな切削力に対して直接対向できる駆動力は生じ得ないエアシリンダ装置を駆動源としても、大きな切削力に十分耐えられ、これによって旋削機能に支障を与えずに油圧レス化が実現でき、省エネ，省資源を図れる画期的な旋盤における工具取付装置を提供することを目的としている。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】
添付図面を参照して本発明の要旨を説明する。
【００１３】
旋削工具１の基端部に設けたテーパシャンク部２が係合する取付係合部３をラム４に設け、このラム４にドローバー駆動装置５によって進退させるクランプ軸６を駆動若しくは付勢により引動することで、前記テーパシャンク部２のクランプ用突出部２Ａをクランプしてこのテーパシャンク部２を前記取付係合部３に押圧係合し前記工具１をラム４に着脱自在に取り付け固定するドローバークランプ機構７を設けた旋盤における工具取付装置において、前記ドローバークランプ機構７のクランプ軸６を引動して工具１をラム４に取り付け固定した際、このクランプ軸６若しくはクランプ軸６と共に引動される引動部６Ａにクサビ係合部８を設け、このクサビ係合部８に係合するクサビ部９を進退自在に設け、クサビ駆動装置10により進退させる前記クサビ部９を駆動若しくは付勢により移動させて前記クサビ係合部８に押圧係合することで、前記クランプ軸６の引動クランプ位置が係止保持されるクサビ機構11を備えたことを特徴とする旋盤における工具取付装置に係るものである。
【００１４】
また、前記ドローバー駆動装置５及び前記クサビ駆動装置10を油圧シリンダ装置ではなく、エアシリンダ装置で構成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の旋盤における工具取付装置に係るものである。
【００１５】
また、少なくとも前記クサビ係合部８若しくは前記クサビ部９の押圧係合部分に、クサビ部９の進退方向に対して傾斜したクサビテーパ面12を形成したことを特徴とする請求項１，２のいずれか１項に記載の旋盤における工具取付装置に係るものである。
【００１６】
また、前記クサビ部９を移動して前記クサビ係合部８に押圧係合した際には、前記クランプ軸６の引動クランプ位置が係止保持されて前記工具１は前記ラム４に強固に取り付け固定され、前記クサビ部９を戻動させた際には、前記クランプ軸６をクランプ方向とは逆方向のクランプ解除方向に移動し得るクランプ作動・解除用スペースが生じるように前記クサビ係合部８並びに前記クサビ部９を構成したことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の旋盤における工具取付装置に係るものである。
【００１７】
また、前記クランプ軸６若しくはこのクランプ軸６と共に引動される引動部６Ａに前記クサビ係合部８を移動調整自在に設けて、前記クサビ機構11による前記クランプ軸６の引動係止保持位置を微調整し得るように構成したことを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の旋盤における工具取付装置に係るものである。
【００１８】
【発明の実施の形態】
好適と考える本発明の実施の形態（発明をどのように実施するか）を、図面に基づいてその作用効果を示して簡単に説明する。
【００１９】
工具１をクランプ固定する場合は、従来通りドローバークランプ機構７によってクランプ固定、即ち、クランプ軸６を付勢若しくはドローバー駆動機構５の駆動によって引動してクランプ固定するが、この際、更にこの引動した状態でクサビ機構11によってこのクランプ軸６の引動位置を係止保持する。
【００２０】
即ち、クランプ軸６を引動した際、クサビ係合部８も所定の位置まで引動され、このクサビ係合部８に対してクサビ部９を付勢若しくは押圧駆動装置10の駆動により、例えばクランプ軸６の進退方向と直交する方向に移動させてクサビ係合部８にクサビ部９を押圧係合させる。
【００２１】
これにより工具１はクランプ軸６の引動によって取付係合部３に係合固定される上、クサビ機構11によってこのクランプ軸６の引動位置がクサビロックされることとなるため、旋削加工時に大きな切削力がこの工具１に加わった場合、この大きな切削力に対してクランプ軸６を引動した付勢力やドローバー駆動装置５の駆動力が直接には対向できなくても、クサビ機構11のクサビ係合部８とクサビ部９との係合によってこのクランプ軸６の引動位置がロックされているため、たとえ大きな切削力でもこの力が直ちにこのクサビ係合部８とクサビ部９との係合を離脱させる力とならないため、クサビ係合部８とクサビ部９との係合のための付勢力や駆動力が十分に大きくなくても、またクランプ軸６の引動のための付勢力や駆動力が十分に大きくなくても、大きな切削力に十分に抗し得ることとなる。
【００２２】
従って、ドローバー駆動装置５もクサビ駆動装置10も大きな切削力に直接対向し得るような大きな力を生じ得る油圧シリンダ装置でなくても、エアシリンダ装置でも構成でき、油圧レス化を実現できることとなる。
【００２３】
即ち、言い換えれば、従来は工具を直接引っ張り上げていたため、切削力に対向する大きな力を必要としたが、クランプ装置にクサビ機構を持たせることにより、クサビのセルフロック機構によって、外力とクランプ軸６の軸力が作用・反作用の関係となり、シリンダの推力に依存しないため、シリンダ推力の小さなエアシリンダで十分となり、油圧レスが可能となると共に、クサビそのものが工具１の落下防止となるため安全性にも秀れる。
【００２４】
【実施例】
本発明の具体的な実施例について図面に基づいて説明する。
【００２５】
本実施例では、ドローバークランプ機構７のドローバー駆動装置５も、クサビ機構11のクサビ駆動装置10も、油圧シリンダ装置ではなく、エアシリング装置で構成し油圧レス化を実現した実施例であって、いずれもこのエアシリンダ装置によりクランプ軸６あるいはクサビ部９を進退駆動制御する構成としている。
【００２６】
即ち、移動制御自在に設けたラム４の下端部にテーパ状の取付係合部３を設け、ドローバークランプ機構７のドローバー駆動装置５によって進退させるクランプ軸６を引動駆動することで、テーパシャンク部２のクランプ用突出部２Ａをクランプしてこのテーパシャンク部２を前記取付係合部３に押圧係合し前記工具１をラム４に着脱自在に取り付け固定するドローバークランプ機構７を設けた構成とし、このドローバークランプ機構７のクランプ軸６を引動して工具１をラム４に取り付け固定した際、クランプ軸６と共に引動されて所定位置に位置する引動部６Ａにクサビ係合部８を設け、このクサビ係合部８に係合するクサビ部９をクサビ駆動装置10によりクランプ軸６の進退方向と直交する方向に進退駆動させて前記クサビ係合部８に押圧係合することで、前記クランプ軸６の引動クランプ位置が係止保持されるクサビ機構11を設けた構成としている。
【００２７】
具体的には前記クサビ係合部８および前記クサビ部９の押圧係合部分にクサビ部９の進退方向に対して傾斜したクサビテーパ面12を形成している。即ち、クサビ係合部８は、クランプ軸６と連動して進退させるクサビ係合部形成部材８Ａを引動部６Ａとしてクランプ軸６に固定し、この形成部材８Ａとクランプ軸６の軸受部８Ｂとによって、クサビ部９が挿入進退できる凹部あるいは孔部を形成することで構成し、この係合部（凹部あるいは孔部）の内面の一方に前記テーパ面12を形成し他方をストレート面（本実施例では形成部材８Ａにテーパ面12を形成し、不動の軸受部８Ｂの前記形成部材８Ａと対向する端面をストレート面）とすると共に、クサビ部９の一方の外面は前記ストレート面をガイドとして進退するようにストレート面とし、対向側の外面には、前記テーパ面12とテーパ面接するテーパ面12を形成している。
【００２８】
従って、クサビ部９が移動してこのテーパ面12同志が押圧面接することでクサビ係合部８にクサビ部９がクサビ係止するように構成している。
【００２９】
また、前記クサビ部９を移動して前記クサビ係合部８に押圧係合（クサビ係止）した際には、前記クランプ軸６の引動クランプ位置が係止保持されて前記工具１は前記ラム４に強固に取り付け固定され、前記クサビ部９を戻動させた際には、前記クランプ軸６をクランプ方向とは逆方向のクランプ解除方向に移動し得るクランプ作動・解除用スペースが生じるように前記クサビ係合部８並びに前記クサビ部９の形状を設定している。
【００３０】
具体的には、クサビ係合部形成部材８Ａに軸受部８Ｂの端面との対向距離が変化することとなる段差部８Ｃをクランプ軸６をまたいで対向位置に２箇所設けると共に、クサビ部９にはその先端面が押圧係合部となる突出部９Ａを前記対向方向にクランプ軸６をまたいだ２箇所に突出形成し、クサビ部９をクサビ駆動装置10によりクランプ軸６の進退方向と直交する方向に引動駆動した際、このクサビ部９の突出部９Ａが段差部８Ｃ上に乗り上がり、この段差部８Ｃ近傍に設けたテーパ面12と突出部９Ａ先端面に設けたテーパ面12同志がテーパ面接してクサビ係止するように構成し、逆にクサビ駆動装置10によって反対方向に押圧駆動するとテーパ面12同志の係止が外れ、クサビ部９の突出部９Ａは段差部８Ｃより落ち、このクサビ部９に対して、クランプ軸６に設けた形成部材８Ａの移動が許容されるクリアランスが形成される構成とし、突出部９Ａが段差部８Ｃから外れ落ちて押圧係合が解除された状態では、クランプ作動・解除用のスペースが確保される形状にクサビ係合部８とクサビ部９を設計している。
【００３１】
また、本実施例では、クサビ係合部８、即ちクサビ係合部形成部材８Ａを移動調整自在に設けて、前記クサビ機構11による前記クランプ軸６の引動係止保持位置を微調整し得るように構成している。即ち、クサビ係合部８を形成する前記形成部材８Ａはクランプ軸６に設けたネジ部に螺動自在に設けられ、この螺動調整した位置をダブルナット方式で固定ナット８Ｄで固定する構成しと、クランプ軸６を引動して工具１を取付固定した位置で、工具１が弛み外れることなく、クサビ機構11のクサビ係合によって更に微妙に引き上げロックされてクサビ係止が確実に行なわれるように構成している。
【００３２】
また、前記クサビ部９若しくは前記クサビ係合部８には転動部13（例えばローラ）を設け、この転動部13がテーパ面12に圧接してクサビ部９とクサビ係合部８とが押圧係合してクサビの食い付きを防止するように構成しても良い。
【００３３】
例えば、前記転動部13は前記クサビ係合部８の対向内面若しくは前記クサビ部９の対向外面の一側のクサビ部９の進退方向に複数設け、反対側にも複数若しくは前記一側の複数の転動部13間の対向位置に少なくとも設け、例えば、できるだけクサビ部９自体に回動力が生じないようにし、仮にクサビ部９に回動力が生じても転動部13で受け、スムーズにクサビ部９の進退駆動が行え、クサビ係合の係脱がスムーズに行えるようにしても良い。
【００３４】
また、クサビ駆動装置10の引動駆動力と押動駆動力が同等である場合（転動部13によって圧接してクサビ係合する構成とせず）、単なるテーパ面接によるクサビ係合とすると、動摩擦より静止摩擦の方がはるかに大きくなってしまうため、引動してクサビ係合させる場合、同等の力で押動駆動してもクサビ係合が外れない場合がある。
【００３５】
そのため、エアシリンダ装置の受圧面積が多少異なる程度ではこの問題が解消し得ないことから動摩擦と静止摩擦に大きな差がある場合には、クサビ係合させる方向（例えば引動）の駆動力を弱める減圧回路を必要とする場合がある。
【００３６】
この点転動部13によって圧接しクサビ係合させることで動摩擦と静止摩擦の差や静止摩擦を極力小さくできることから、このような減圧回路を構じる必要もなく、常にスムーズにクサビ駆動装置10の駆動によりクサビ係合の係脱が行えることとなる。
【００３７】
尚、本実施例のクサビ係合部８は、不動となる（固定された）軸受部８Ｂの端面に対してクランプ軸６と共に移動するクサビ係合部形成部材８Ａを（引動部６Ａとしてあるいは引動部６Ａに設ける構成として）対向状態に設けて、この軸受部８Ｂとクサビ係合部形成部材８Ａとでクサビ係合部８を構成したが、クランプ軸６に固定する引動部６Ａにクサビ部９が挿入される係合部を形成し、このクサビ部９をクサビ係合時には固定されるように構成して、軸受部８Ｂによらずにクサビ係合部８を構成するように設計しても良い。
【００３８】
尚、本発明は、本実施例に限られるものではなく、各構成要件の具体的構成は適宜設計し得るものである。
【００３９】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上述のように構成したから、直に加わる大きな切削力に対して直接対向できる駆動力は生じ得ないエアシリンダ装置を駆動源としても、大きな切削力に十分耐えられ、これによって旋削機能に支障を与えずに油圧レス化が実現でき、省エネ，省資源を図れる画期的な旋盤における工具取付装置となる。
【００４０】
即ち、工具はクランプ軸の引動によって取付係合部に係合固定される上、クサビ機構によってこのクランプ軸の引動位置が係合保持されることとなるため、旋削加工時に大きな切削力がこの工具に加わった場合、この大きな切削力に対してクランプ軸を引動した付勢力やドローバー駆動装置の駆動力が直接には対向できなくても、クサビ機構のクサビ係合部とクサビ部との係合によってこのクランプ軸の引動位置がロックされているため、たとえ大きな切削力でもこの力が直ちにこのクサビ係合部とクサビ部との係合を離脱させる力とならないため、クサビ係合部とクサビ部との係合のための付勢力や駆動力が十分に大きくなくても、またクランプ軸の引動のための付勢力や駆動力が十分に大きくなくても、大きな切削力に十分に抗し得ることとなる。
【００４１】
従って、ドローバー駆動装置もクサビ駆動装置も大きな切削力に直接対向し得るような大きな力を生じ得る油圧シリンダ装置でなくても、引動チャックでき、またクサビ係脱し得るに十分なエアシリンダ装置でも構成でき、油圧レス化を実現できる画期的な旋盤における工具取付装置となる。
【００４２】
また、請求項２，３，４記載の発明においては、簡易な構成にして前記作用・効果が確実に発揮される本発明を一層容易に実現できる実用性に秀れた画期的な旋盤における工具取付装置となる。
【００４３】
また、請求項５記載の発明においては、クランプ機能が常に保持され、且つ良好なクサビ機能が係脱自在に発揮されるように微調整できるため、極めて実用性に秀れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本実施例のクランプ時のクサビ係止状態の説明正断面図である。
【図２】本実施例のクランプ時のクサビ係止状態の要部の拡大正断面図である。
【図３】本実施例のクランプ時のクサビ係止状態の要部の拡大説明平断面図である。
【図４】本実施例の（クサビ係止解除時での）クランプ解除状態を示す説明正断面図である。
【図５】本実施例の（クサビ係止解除時での）クランプ解除状態を示す要部の拡大説明正断面図である。
【図６】本実施例の（クサビ係止解除時での）クランプ解除状態を示す要部の拡大説明平断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１工具
２テーパシャンク部
２Ａクランプ用突出部
３取付係合部
４ラム
５ドローバー駆動装置
６クランプ軸
６Ａ引動部
７ドローバークランプ機構
８クサビ係合部
９クサビ部
10 クサビ駆動装置
11 クサビ機構
12 テーパ面
13 転動部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tool attachment device in a lathe that attaches a turning tool to a ram in a detachable manner by a draw bar mechanism.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
A tool mounting apparatus in a lathe generally has the following configuration.
[0003]
By providing the ram with a tapered mounting engagement portion that engages with a tapered shank portion provided at the base end portion of the turning tool, and pulling the ram with a drawbar drive device by driving or biasing it, A clamp bar projecting portion of the taper shank portion is clamped, the taper shank portion is pressed and engaged with the mounting engagement portion, and a draw bar clamp mechanism for detachably mounting and fixing the tool on the ram is provided.
[0004]
That is, for example, when the clamp shaft is pulled by urging by a spring, the chuck portion moves while chucking the clamp protrusion (pull top) of the taper shank portion, and this taper shank portion is attached to the taper-shaped attachment member at the lower end of the ram. The tool is clamped and fixed by pulling and engaging the joint, and conversely, when the clamp shaft is pressed by driving the draw bar drive device against this pulling bias, the chuck is detached and the tool can be removed.
[0005]
In addition, instead of a configuration in which the chucking is performed only by the biasing of the spring, the clamp shaft is pulled by driving the draw bar driving device (of course, it may be pulled in addition to the spring biasing) and chucked in the reverse direction. In some cases, the chuck may be detached if the clamp shaft is pushed by driving (to be pushed against the spring bias).
[0006]
In any case, the tool is chucked by pulling the clamp shaft of the draw bar mechanism.
[0007]
However, when machining with the turning tool fixed to the chuck, not only its own weight but also a large load is applied during turning.
[0008]
That is, since a large cutting force is applied to the tool, a large clamping force is required.
[0009]
For this reason, the clamp shaft must be pulled with a large pulling force. Therefore, even when this is driven by a pull drive or a spring bias, it is necessary to push the clamp shaft against the spring bias when releasing. Therefore, the drawbar drive device of the drawbar mechanism that performs this pushing drive must use a large-diameter hydraulic cylinder device that can generate a large driving force, and there is also a hydraulic two-stage cylinder.
[0010]
Therefore, the conventional tool mounting device in a lathe requires a hydraulic cylinder device, so that it cannot be hydraulicless, and energy and resources cannot be saved.
[0011]
The present invention focuses on the driving source of a tool mounting device in a lathe, which has been a major impediment to the reduction of hydraulic pressure, and breaks down the conventional fixed idea so that a tool mounting device in a lathe can be realized by an air cylinder device. However, even if an air cylinder device that cannot directly face the large cutting force applied directly can be generated, it can sufficiently withstand the large cutting force, and without hydraulic pressure without hindering the turning function. The purpose is to provide an innovative tool mounting device in a lathe that can be realized and can save energy and resources.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0013]
A mounting engagement portion 3 that engages a tapered shank portion 2 provided at the base end portion of the turning tool 1 is provided in the ram 4, and a clamp shaft 6 that is advanced and retracted by the draw bar driving device 5 is driven or biased by the ram 4. Thus, the draw bar for clamping the projecting portion 2A for clamping of the taper shank portion 2 and press-engaging the taper shank portion 2 with the mounting engagement portion 3 so that the tool 1 can be detachably attached to the ram 4 and fixed. In a tool mounting device in a lathe provided with a clamp mechanism 7, when the clamp shaft 6 of the draw bar clamp mechanism 7 is pulled and the tool 1 is mounted and fixed to the ram 4, the pulling motion that is pulled together with the clamp shaft 6 or the clamp shaft 6. The wedge engaging portion 8 is provided in the portion 6A, and the wedge portion 9 that engages with the wedge engaging portion 8 is provided so as to freely advance and retract, and is advanced and retracted by the wedge driving device 10. A wedge mechanism 11 is provided that moves the wedge portion 9 by driving or biasing and press-engage with the wedge engaging portion 8 so that the pulling clamp position of the clamp shaft 6 is latched and held. This relates to a tool mounting apparatus in a lathe.
[0014]
2. The tool mounting device in a lathe according to claim 1, wherein the draw bar driving device 5 and the wedge driving device 10 are constituted by air cylinder devices instead of hydraulic cylinder devices.
[0015]
Further, the wedge taper surface 12 inclined with respect to the advancing / retreating direction of the wedge portion 9 is formed at least in the pressing engagement portion of the wedge engaging portion 8 or the wedge portion 9. This relates to a tool mounting apparatus in a lathe according to item 1.
[0016]
When the wedge portion 9 is moved and pressed into the wedge engaging portion 8, the pulling clamp position of the clamp shaft 6 is locked and held, and the tool 1 is firmly attached to the ram 4. When the wedge portion 9 is fixed and the wedge portion 9 is moved back, the wedge engaging portion is formed such that a space for clamping operation / release is generated that can move the clamp shaft 6 in a clamp releasing direction opposite to the clamping direction. 8 and the wedge part 9 are configured according to the tool mounting device in a lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
[0017]
Further, the wedge engaging portion 8 is provided in the clamp shaft 6 or a pulling portion 6A that is pulled together with the clamp shaft 6 so as to be movable and adjustable, so that the wedge lock mechanism 11 can move the holding position of the clamp shaft 6 slightly. The tool mounting device for a lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tool mounting device is configured to be adjustable.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention (how to carry out the invention) considered to be suitable will be briefly described with reference to the drawings, showing its effects.
[0019]
When the tool 1 is clamped and fixed, it is clamped by the drawbar clamp mechanism 7 as usual, that is, the clamp shaft 6 is urged or driven by the drawbar drive mechanism 5 to be clamped. In this state, the wedge mechanism 11 locks and holds the pulling position of the clamp shaft 6.
[0020]
That is, when the clamp shaft 6 is moved, the wedge engaging portion 8 is also moved to a predetermined position, and the wedge portion 9 is urged against the wedge engaging portion 8 or driven by the pressing drive device 10, for example, the clamp shaft. The wedge portion 9 is pressed and engaged with the wedge engaging portion 8 by moving in a direction orthogonal to the forward / backward direction 6.
[0021]
As a result, the tool 1 is engaged and fixed to the mounting engagement portion 3 by the pulling of the clamp shaft 6, and the wedge mechanism 11 is wedge-locked by the wedge mechanism 11. When a force is applied to the tool 1, the wedge engagement of the wedge mechanism 11 is possible even if the urging force that pulled the clamp shaft 6 and the drive force of the draw bar drive device 5 cannot directly face this large cutting force. Since the pulling position of the clamp shaft 6 is locked by the engagement between the portion 8 and the wedge portion 9, even if a large cutting force is applied, this force immediately releases the engagement between the wedge engaging portion 8 and the wedge portion 9. Therefore, even if the urging force or driving force for engaging the wedge engaging portion 8 and the wedge portion 9 is not sufficiently large, the urging force or driving force for pulling the clamp shaft 6 is not sufficient. Big enough Even without this, it can sufficiently resist a large cutting force.
[0022]
Therefore, both the draw bar driving device 5 and the wedge driving device 10 can be configured by an air cylinder device, not a hydraulic cylinder device that can generate a large force that can directly face a large cutting force, and the hydraulic pressure can be reduced. .
[0023]
In other words, in the past, the tool was directly pulled up, so a large force opposed to the cutting force was required, but by providing the wedge mechanism in the clamping device, the wedge force self-locking mechanism allowed the external force and the clamping shaft to Since the axial force of 6 is an action / reaction relationship and does not depend on the thrust of the cylinder, an air cylinder with a small cylinder thrust is sufficient, making it possible to eliminate hydraulic pressure, and the wedge itself prevents the tool 1 from dropping. It excels in sex.
[0024]
【Example】
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0025]
In this embodiment, both the draw bar drive device 5 of the draw bar clamp mechanism 7 and the wedge drive device 10 of the wedge mechanism 11 are configured by an air shilling device instead of a hydraulic cylinder device, thereby realizing hydraulic pressure reduction. In any case, the clamp shaft 6 or the wedge portion 9 is controlled to advance and retract by this air cylinder device.
[0026]
In other words, a tapered attachment engaging portion 3 is provided at the lower end portion of the ram 4 provided so as to be movable, and the taper shank portion is driven by pulling and driving the clamp shaft 6 that is advanced and retracted by the draw bar drive device 5 of the draw bar clamp mechanism 7. 2 is provided with a draw bar clamp mechanism 7 that clamps the clamp projection 2A, presses and engages the taper shank 2 with the mounting engagement 3 and attaches and fixes the tool 1 to the ram 4 in a detachable manner. When the clamp shaft 6 of the draw bar clamp mechanism 7 is pulled and the tool 1 is attached and fixed to the ram 4, the wedge engaging portion 8 is provided in the pulling portion 6A which is pulled together with the clamp shaft 6 and located at a predetermined position. The wedge portion 9 engaged with the wedge engaging portion 8 is driven to advance and retract in the direction orthogonal to the advancing and retreating direction of the clamp shaft 6 by the wedge driving device 10. By pressure coefficient case, 引動 clamping position of the clamp shaft 6 has a configuration in which a wedge mechanism 11 to be locking retained.
[0027]
Specifically, a wedge taper surface 12 that is inclined with respect to the advancing and retreating direction of the wedge portion 9 is formed at the pressing engagement portion of the wedge engaging portion 8 and the wedge portion 9. That is, the wedge engaging portion 8 fixes a wedge engaging portion forming member 8A that moves forward and backward in conjunction with the clamp shaft 6 to the clamp shaft 6 as a moving portion 6A, and this forming member 8A and the bearing portion 8B of the clamp shaft 6 Thus, the wedge portion 9 is formed by forming a concave portion or a hole portion into which the insert portion can be inserted and retracted. The tapered surface 12 is formed on one of the inner surfaces of the engaging portion (the concave portion or the hole portion), and the other is a straight surface (this embodiment). In the example, a taper surface 12 is formed on the forming member 8A, and the end surface of the stationary bearing portion 8B facing the forming member 8A is a straight surface), and one outer surface of the wedge portion 9 advances and retreats with the straight surface as a guide. Thus, a straight surface is formed, and a tapered surface 12 in contact with the tapered surface 12 is formed on the outer surface on the opposite side.
[0028]
Accordingly, the wedge portion 9 moves and the tapered surfaces 12 come into contact with the pressing surface, so that the wedge portion 9 is wedge-locked to the wedge engaging portion 8.
[0029]
Further, when the wedge portion 9 is moved and pressed and engaged (wedge locking) with the wedge engaging portion 8, the pulling clamp position of the clamp shaft 6 is locked and held, and the tool 1 is moved to the ram. When the wedge portion 9 is moved back and forth, the clamping shaft 6 is moved and moved in the clamping release direction opposite to the clamping direction so that a space for clamping operation / release is generated. The shapes of the wedge engaging portion 8 and the wedge portion 9 are set.
[0030]
Specifically, the wedge engaging portion forming member 8A is provided with two stepped portions 8C at opposite positions across the clamp shaft 6 that will change the facing distance from the end surface of the bearing portion 8B. Has a protruding portion 9A whose tip surface is a pressing engagement portion protruding in two directions across the clamp shaft 6 in the opposite direction, and the wedge portion 9 is orthogonal to the advancing and retreating direction of the clamp shaft 6 by the wedge driving device 10. When pulling and driving in the direction, the protruding portion 9A of the wedge portion 9 rides on the stepped portion 8C, and the tapered surface 12 provided near the stepped portion 8C and the tapered surface 12 provided at the tip end surface of the protruding portion 9A are tapered. When the wedge drive device 10 is driven to push in the opposite direction, the taper surfaces 12 are released from each other, and the protruding portion 9A of the wedge portion 9 falls from the step portion 8C. For the wedge part 9, In a state in which a clearance that allows movement of the forming member 8A provided on the clamp shaft 6 is formed, and the protruding portion 9A is detached from the stepped portion 8C and the press engagement is released, the clamp operation / release operation is performed. The wedge engaging portion 8 and the wedge portion 9 are designed in a shape that secures a space.
[0031]
Further, in this embodiment, the wedge engaging portion 8, that is, the wedge engaging portion forming member 8A, is provided so as to be movable and adjustable, so that the movement lock holding position of the clamp shaft 6 by the wedge mechanism 11 can be finely adjusted. It is configured. In other words, the forming member 8A forming the wedge engaging portion 8 is provided so as to be freely screwed on a screw portion provided on the clamp shaft 6, and the screw-adjusted position is fixed by a fixing nut 8D by a double nut method. Then, at the position where the clamp 1 is pulled and the tool 1 is mounted and fixed, the tool 1 does not loosen and is further lifted and locked by the wedge engagement of the wedge mechanism 11 so that the wedge is reliably engaged. It is configured.
[0032]
The wedge part 9 or the wedge engaging part 8 is provided with a rolling part 13 (for example, a roller), and the rolling part 13 is pressed against the tapered surface 12 so that the wedge part 9 and the wedge engaging part 8 are connected. You may comprise so that a wedge may be prevented from biting by press-engaging.
[0033]
For example, a plurality of rolling portions 13 are provided in the advancing and retreating direction of the wedge portion 9 on one side of the opposed inner surface of the wedge engaging portion 8 or the opposed outer surface of the wedge portion 9, and plural on the opposite side or plural on the one side. For example, the wedge part 9 itself is prevented from generating rotational force as much as possible, and even if the wedge part 9 has rotational power, it is received by the rolling part 13 and smoothly wedged. The part 9 can be driven forward and backward so that the wedge engagement can be smoothly engaged and disengaged.
[0034]
Further, when the driving force of the wedge driving device 10 is equal to the driving force of the pushing force (not configured to be pressed and wedge-engaged by the rolling portion 13), if the wedge is simply engaged by the taper surface contact, Since the static friction becomes much larger, when the wedge is engaged by being pulled, the wedge may not be disengaged even if it is driven by the same force.
[0035]
Therefore, this problem cannot be solved if the pressure receiving area of the air cylinder device is slightly different. Therefore, if there is a large difference between the dynamic friction and the static friction, the pressure reduction that weakens the driving force in the direction of wedge engagement (for example, pulling). A circuit may be required.
[0036]
Since the difference between the dynamic friction and the static friction and the static friction can be reduced as much as possible by press-contacting by this point rolling part 13 and the wedge engagement, there is no need to construct such a decompression circuit, and the wedge drive device 10 is always smoothly provided. The wedge engagement can be engaged and disengaged by driving the motor.
[0037]
The wedge engaging portion 8 according to the present embodiment has a wedge engaging portion forming member 8A that moves together with the clamp shaft 6 with respect to the end surface of the fixed (fixed) bearing portion 8B (as a pulling portion 6A or a pulling portion). The wedge engaging portion 8 is configured by the bearing portion 8B and the wedge engaging portion forming member 8A provided in an opposed state (as a configuration provided in the portion 6A). However, the wedge portion 9 is attached to the pulling portion 6A fixed to the clamp shaft 6. Even if the wedge portion 9 is formed and the wedge portion 9 is configured to be fixed at the time of the wedge engagement, the wedge engagement portion 8 is designed not to depend on the bearing portion 8B. good.
[0038]
Note that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the specific configuration of each component can be designed as appropriate.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, it can sufficiently withstand a large cutting force even with an air cylinder device that cannot generate a driving force that can be directly opposed to a directly applied large cutting force. This makes it possible to reduce the hydraulic pressure without causing any troubles, and it is an innovative tool mounting device for lathes that can save energy and resources.
[0040]
That is, the tool is engaged and fixed to the mounting engagement portion by the pulling movement of the clamp shaft, and the pulling position of the clamp shaft is engaged and held by the wedge mechanism, so that a large cutting force is applied during turning. If the urging force that pulled the clamp shaft against the large cutting force or the drive force of the drawbar drive device cannot be directly opposed to each other, the wedge engagement portion of the wedge mechanism is engaged with the wedge portion. Since the pulling position of the clamp shaft is locked by this, even if a large cutting force is applied, this force does not immediately become a force for releasing the engagement between the wedge engaging portion and the wedge portion, so the wedge engaging portion and the wedge portion Even if the urging force and driving force for engagement with the clamp shaft are not sufficiently large, and even if the urging force and driving force for pulling the clamp shaft are not sufficiently large, it can sufficiently resist a large cutting force This To become.
[0041]
Therefore, even if the drawbar drive device and the wedge drive device are not hydraulic cylinder devices that can generate a large force that can be directly opposed to a large cutting force, the draw bar drive device and the wedge drive device can be pulled and chucked, and the air cylinder device that is sufficient to engage and disengage the wedge is also configured. This is an innovative tool mounting device for a lathe that can be hydraulic-less.
[0042]
Further, in the inventions according to claims 2, 3 and 4, in a revolutionary lathe excellent in practicality, which can easily realize the present invention in which the functions and effects are reliably exhibited with a simple configuration. It becomes a tool mounting device.
[0043]
Further, in the invention described in claim 5, since the clamping function is always maintained and fine adjustment can be performed so that a good wedge function is releasably exerted, it is extremely practical.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory front sectional view of a wedge locking state at the time of clamping according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged front sectional view of a main part in a wedge locking state at the time of clamping according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory plan cross-sectional view of a main part in a wedge locking state at the time of clamping according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory front sectional view showing a clamp release state (when releasing the wedge lock) of the present embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged front sectional view of a main part showing a clamp release state (when releasing the wedge lock) of the present embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged explanatory plan cross-sectional view of a main part showing a clamp release state (when releasing the wedge lock) of the present embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tool 2 Tapered shank part 2A Clamping protrusion part 3 Mounting engagement part 4 Ram 5 Drawbar drive device 6 Clamp shaft 6A Pulling part 7 Drawbar clamp mechanism 8 Wedge engagement part 9 Wedge part
10 Wedge drive
11 Wedge mechanism
12 Tapered surface
13 Rolling part

Claims

A taper shank provided on the base end portion of the turning tool is provided in the ram, and the taper shank is moved by driving or biasing a clamp shaft that is advanced and retracted by a draw bar driving device to the ram. In a tool mounting apparatus in a lathe provided with a draw bar clamp mechanism that clamps a projecting part for clamping of a part and presses and engages the taper shank part with the mounting engaging part and detachably attaches and fixes the tool to a ram. When the clamp shaft of the draw bar clamp mechanism is pulled and the tool is attached and fixed to the ram, a wedge engaging portion is provided in the clamp shaft or a pulling portion that is moved together with the clamp shaft, and the wedge portion is engaged with the wedge engaging portion. The wedge portion that is advanced and retracted by the wedge driving device is moved by driving or urging to move the wedge. By pressing engagement with the bi-engaging portion, the tool mounting device of the lathe, characterized in that 引動 clamp position of the clamp shaft is provided with a wedge mechanism that is locking retained.

2. The tool mounting device for a lathe according to claim 1, wherein the draw bar driving device and the wedge driving device are constituted by air cylinder devices instead of hydraulic cylinder devices.

The wedge taper surface inclined with respect to the advancing / retreating direction of the wedge portion is formed at least on the wedge engaging portion or the pressing engagement portion of the wedge portion, according to any one of claims 1 and 2. Tool mounting device in a lathe.

When the wedge portion is moved and pressed into the wedge engaging portion, the traction clamp position of the clamp shaft is locked and held, and the tool is firmly attached and fixed to the ram. The wedge engaging portion and the wedge portion are configured so that a clamp actuating / releasing space that can move the clamp shaft in a clamp releasing direction opposite to the clamping direction is generated when the clamp shaft is moved back. The tool mounting apparatus in the lathe of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.

The wedge engaging portion is provided on the clamp shaft or a pulling portion that is moved together with the clamp shaft so as to be movable and adjustable so that the movement lock holding position of the clamp shaft by the wedge mechanism can be finely adjusted. The tool attachment apparatus in the lathe of any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by these.