JP2004202331A5 - - Google Patents

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JP2004202331A5
JP2004202331A5 JP2002373328A JP2002373328A JP2004202331A5 JP 2004202331 A5 JP2004202331 A5 JP 2004202331A5 JP 2002373328 A JP2002373328 A JP 2002373328A JP 2002373328 A JP2002373328 A JP 2002373328A JP 2004202331 A5 JP2004202331 A5 JP 2004202331A5
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sludge
water
organic polymer
water content
soil
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JP2002373328A
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JP2004202331A (en
JP4162483B2 (en
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無機汚泥を有機高分子物質と混合して脱水せずに粒状化改良土を得ることは、特公6−31514において提案されている。しかし、この方法で処理できる汚泥は、含水比が、砂質系で60%以下、粘土系で120%以下のものであり、それ以上の含水比では、粒状改良土を得ることはできない。そこで、汚泥に予め、吸水性の高い回収古紙や木材加工品を加えて見かけ上の含水比を低下させ、それから有機高分子物質と混合して粒状化改良土とする方法が提案されている(特開2000−254699)。しかし、この方法によると、水が吸水材に吸収固定されているだけであるから、処理物の密度が小さく、強度も弱く、再利用の途が限定され、処理コストも高い。 It has been proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-31514 to obtain an improved granulated soil without dewatering by mixing inorganic sludge with an organic polymer substance. However, the sludge that can be treated by this method has a water content of 60% or less in a sandy system and 120% or less in a clay system. When the water content is higher than that, it is not possible to obtain a granular improved soil. In view of this, a method has been proposed in which recovered paper or wood products having high water absorption is added to sludge in advance to reduce the apparent water content, and then mixed with an organic polymer substance to obtain granulated improved soil ( JP-A-2000-254699). However, according to this method, since the water is merely absorbed and fixed to the water absorbing material, the density of the processed material is low, the strength is weak, the way of reuse is limited, and the processing cost is high.

また、含水比を低下させる有力な手段として、汚泥に熱を加えて水分を蒸発除去させる方法がある。この方法は簡単であるが産業界で採用されていない。その理由は、無機汚泥が粘土分や粘着物質を含む場合、熱を加えて水分を蒸発させる過程で、急激に内容物が乾燥機の内壁に張り付く現象が生じるためである。 As an effective means for lowering the water content, there is a method of applying heat to sludge to evaporate and remove water. This method is simple but not used in industry. The reason is that, when the inorganic sludge contains a clay component or an adhesive substance, a phenomenon occurs in which the contents rapidly adhere to the inner wall of the dryer in a process of applying heat to evaporate water .

一般に、高含水率のスラリーの水分を加熱により蒸発させ低下させていく場合、とくに、スラリーに含まれる粉末の粒度が微粉末の領域にある場合や、粉末物質が粘着物質を含む場合には、どろどろ(Slurry域)、ネバネバ(Capillary域)、パサパサ(Funicular域又はPendular域)という過程を経ることが知られている。
建設汚泥やボーリング汚泥は、多くの微粉末を含んでおり、また、ベントナイトや水溶性高分子などの粘着物質を含むことが多いから、乾燥を進めるうち、必ず、このネバネバ(Capillary域)の過程を通過する。このとき、汚泥が濃縮乾燥機の内壁に張り付く現象がおき、乾燥の続行を不可能にする。本発明者らは、この張り付き現象を回避し、効率良く水分を蒸発させる方法について、鋭意、研究を進め、本発明に至ったものである。
In general, when the water content of the slurry having a high water content is reduced by evaporating by heating , particularly when the particle size of the powder contained in the slurry is in the fine powder area, or when the powder material contains an adhesive material, It is known to go through the process of muddy (Slurry range), sticky (Capillary range), and sparse (Funicular range or Pendular range).
Construction sludge and boring sludge contain many fine powders, and often contain sticky substances such as bentonite and water-soluble polymers. Therefore, as drying proceeds, the process of this sticky (Capillary area) must be ensured. Pass through. At this time, a phenomenon occurs in which the sludge sticks to the inner wall of the concentration dryer, making it impossible to continue drying. The present inventors have intensively studied on a method of avoiding this sticking phenomenon and evaporating water efficiently, and have reached the present invention.

本発明は、粘土分や粘着物質を含む無機汚泥に予め無機塩類を加え撹拌したのち、流動性を失わない範囲で出来る限り高濃度まで加熱濃縮して含水比を低下させる前工程と、濃縮物に有機高分子物質を加えて混合し粒状化改良土を得る後工程の2つの工程を組み合わせることからなる。
上記汚泥は、粘土分や粘着物質を含み、かつ比較的水分の多いもので、例えば、含水比50〜800%のものである。「粘土分」とは、例えばベントナイトや0.002mm以下の土粒子をいう。また「粘着物質」とは、例えばカルボキシメチルセルローズ、グアガム、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリアクリルアミドの部分加水分解物などをいう。これら「粘土分」と「粘着物質」が0.1〜20%含まれている汚泥がおおむね対象となる。
「無機塩類」は、2価または3価の金属塩またはそれを含有する無機物質、例えば硫酸ばん土やポリ塩化アルミニウムであり、「有機高分子物質」は、加熱濃縮物から急速に水分を吸収する性質をもつものであり、例えば、ポリアクリルアミドやポリアクリル酸ナトリウムが好ましい。
「流動性を失わない範囲」とは、汚泥がポンプで輸送できる液体の状態、又は、容器に入れて傾けたとき液面がすみやかに水平となる液体の状態を示す範囲をいう。数値的には、円筒フローコーンによるフロー値が12〜30cmの範囲に入る状態を指す。ここで円筒フローコーンによるフロー値とは、モルタルのコンシステンシー測定法として広く知られている値で、径50cm程度の水平な鉄板の上に内径8cm、高さ8cmの円筒を置き、この中に検体を満たした後、円筒を静かに持ち上げ、その時の検体の広がり(直径)を測定し、cmを持って表わす値である。そのときの含水比は、例えば30〜60%である。
上記各工程においては、撹拌手段と加熱手段のみを用い、脱水機などは用いない。
The present invention is a pre-process of reducing the water content by heating and concentrating to the highest possible concentration within a range that does not lose fluidity, after adding inorganic salts to the inorganic sludge containing a clay component and an adhesive substance and stirring the concentrate, And adding and mixing an organic polymer substance to the mixture to obtain a granulated improved soil.
The above-mentioned sludge contains a clay component and an adhesive substance, and has a relatively high moisture content. For example, the sludge has a water content of 50 to 800%. "Clay content" refers to, for example, bentonite or soil particles of 0.002 mm or less. The term "adhesive substance" refers to, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose, guar gum, sodium polyacrylate, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, and the like. Sludge containing 0.1 to 20% of these "clay components" and "adhesive substances" is generally targeted.
"Inorganic salts" are divalent or trivalent metal salts or inorganic substances containing them, for example, sodium sulfate or polyaluminum chloride. "Organic polymer substances" rapidly absorb moisture from heat concentrates. It is those having a property of, for example, sodium polyacrylamide and polyacrylic acid are preferred.
The term "range in which fluidity is not lost" refers to a range in which the sludge can be transported by a pump or a state in which the liquid level is immediately horizontal when the sludge is tilted in a container. Numerically, it refers to a state where the flow value of the cylindrical flow cone falls within the range of 12 to 30 cm. Here, the flow value by the cylindrical flow cone is a value widely known as a method for measuring the consistency of mortar. A cylinder having an inner diameter of 8 cm and a height of 8 cm is placed on a horizontal iron plate having a diameter of about 50 cm. After the sample is filled, the cylinder is gently lifted, the spread (diameter) of the sample at that time is measured, and the value is expressed in cm. The water content at that time is, for example, 30 to 60%.
In each of the above steps, only a stirring means and a heating means are used, and a dehydrator is not used.

次に、濃縮液に高分子物質を加え粒状化土を得る後工程について説明する。図1において濃縮物を濃縮工程から混合・粒状化工程に移し、そこで有機高分子を加え撹拌すると、有機高分子は、濃縮物から急速に水分を吸収するから、濃縮物は液状から固体状に姿を変え、撹拌力で造粒されて粒状になる。
好ましい有機高分子物質の添加量は、水を除いた汚泥100重量部に対して、0.05〜0.45重量部が好ましい。とくに0.15〜0.3重量部が好ましい。
図2は、含水比が高めの汚泥を対象とする場合を示す。この場合、濃縮物に有機高分子を加え撹拌しても、有機高分子の粘着性が残り、団子状の固形物は出来るが粒状化しない。このような場合、助剤として無機塩類を加える。すると、有機高分子の粘着性が失われ、ただちに、見掛け上、川砂に近い形の粒状の改良土が得られる。上記無機塩の添加量は水を除いた汚泥100重量部に対して1.5〜20重量部が好ましい。
Next, a post-process in which a polymer substance is added to the concentrate to obtain granulated soil will be described. In FIG. 1, the concentrate is transferred from the concentration step to the mixing / granulation step, and when the organic polymer is added and stirred, the organic polymer rapidly absorbs water from the concentrate. It changes shape and is granulated by stirring power to become granular.
The preferable addition amount of the organic polymer substance is preferably 0.05 to 0.45 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the sludge excluding water. Particularly, 0.15 to 0.3 parts by weight is preferable.
FIG. 2 shows a case where sludge having a high water content is targeted. In this case, even if the organic polymer is added to the concentrate and stirred, the stickiness of the organic polymer remains, and a dumpling-like solid is formed but does not granulate. In such a case, an inorganic salt is added as an auxiliary. Then, the tackiness of the organic polymer is lost, and immediately, an improved granular soil having a shape similar to river sand is obtained. The amount of the inorganic salt to be added is preferably 1.5 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of sludge excluding water.

本発明の加熱濃縮工程で用いる濃縮装置は、加熱容器外面にスチームジャケットを有し、内部に汚泥を撹拌できる羽根を有する縦型または横型のものである。その他、同様の装置で羽根の内部にもスチームが通るようにしたもの、内部を加熱された多数のチューブ上に被濃縮液を降らして濃縮するものなど、効率よく加熱濃縮できる装置であれば、機種を問わない。装置内部は、常圧でも負圧(真空を含む)でも良い。市販品のうちの代表的なものとして、(株)オカドラのサイクロンドライヤーや東芝機械(株)のリサイクル乾燥機などがある。
混合・造粒工程で用いる粒状化装置は、濃縮液と高分子物質を良く混合することができ、かつ、処理物に回転運動を与え、粒状化を促す機能を有するものであれば、機種を問わない。市販品のうちの代表的なものとして、太平洋機工(株)のターボミキサー、(株)マツボーのレディゲミキサー、(株)三井三池製作所のヘンシェルミキサーなどがある。
加熱機構を備えた混合、粒状化装置を用いて、前工程と後工程をひとつの装置で行ってもよい。 得られた粒状改良土は、造成用土壌、裏込め材などとして活用できる。
The concentrating device used in the heat concentrating step of the present invention is a vertical or horizontal type having a steam jacket on the outer surface of the heating vessel and having blades capable of stirring the sludge inside. In addition, any device that can heat and concentrate efficiently, such as a device that allows steam to pass through the inside of the blade with the same device, a device that lowers and concentrates the liquid to be concentrated on a number of tubes heated inside, Regardless of the model. The inside of the apparatus may be at normal pressure or negative pressure (including vacuum). Typical examples of commercially available products include a cyclone dryer manufactured by Okadora Co., Ltd. and a recycle dryer manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd.
The granulation device used in the mixing / granulation process may be any type as long as it can mix the concentrated liquid and the polymer substance well, and has a function of giving a rotating motion to the processed material and promoting the granulation. It doesn't matter. Representative examples of commercially available products include a turbo mixer manufactured by Taiheiyo Kiko Co., Ltd., a Ladyge mixer manufactured by Matsubo Corporation, and a Henschel mixer manufactured by Mitsui Miike Works.
The pre-process and the post-process may be performed by one device using a mixing and granulating device provided with a heating mechanism. The obtained granular improved soil can be used as construction soil, backfill material, and the like.

JP2002373328A 2002-12-25 2002-12-25 Concentrated granulation method for inorganic sludge Expired - Fee Related JP4162483B2 (en)

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CN107500627A (en) * 2017-09-07 2017-12-22 霍邱县红顺生态建材科技有限责任公司 A kind of preparation method of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND modular brick
JP2020069452A (en) * 2018-11-01 2020-05-07 株式会社小池建材 Producing method of improved soil
CN112534984B (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-07-05 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 Method for improving soft clay into planting soil

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