JP2004192349A - Mileage charge on-board device and mileage charge system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make an on-board device appropriatly chargeable a vehicle passing a charged area at a low cost when performing a mileage charge. <P>SOLUTION: A positioning device 11 obtains vehicle position data depending on radio waves from a GPS satellite. A determination device 14 activates a base station supporting positioning, which supports positioning using position correction data according to an error between a position of the base station obtained based on the radio waves from the GPS satellite and a reference point disposing the base station if it is determined that the vehicle comes close to the charged area according to charged area information indicating the position of the charged area and the vehicle position data, and an error calculation device 12 calculates an error of the vehicle position data according to the position correction data. Then, an amount-of-charge calculation device 15 determines whether or not the vehicle is positioned in the charged area based on the vehicle position data, and decides the amount of charge according to the mileage and a charge rate when the vehicle is positioned in the charged area. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an in-vehicle charging apparatus mounted on a vehicle for processing usage fee payment in a charging area when the vehicle passes through a charging area, and in particular, distance charging for performing charging processing in proportion to a mileage. The present invention relates to an in-vehicle device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a system has been known which charges a vehicle passing through a specific area, that is, a vehicle passing through a specific area, in order to reduce traffic congestion, reduce air pollution, reduce noise, and secure local financial resources. In such a system, it is extremely difficult to set up a tollgate that collects tolls on each road in a specific area. For example, an automatic charging process is performed using a prepaid card.
[0003]
For example, when charging a vehicle passing through a specific area (charging area), a positioning device such as a GPS positioning device or a gyro navigation is mounted on the vehicle, and whether or not the vehicle is within the specific area is determined by the positioning device. For a single pass of the specific area, a predetermined charge amount corresponding to the mileage in the specific area is subtracted from the balance of the prepaid card, and the remaining amount is prepaid card. There is a system in which the balance is updated and recorded. Then, when a plurality of specific areas are set, charging is performed for each of these specific areas. Note that the billing amount (billing rate) may be different in each specific area.
[0004]
When the specific area is an area where charging is performed according to the mileage (distance charging area), when a vehicle enters the distance charging area, measurement of the mileage starts, and when the vehicle exits the distance charging area, " Billing fee = running distance × billing rate (distance unit price) ”is calculated and payment processing is performed. Then, when distance charging areas having different charging rates are continuously arranged, the charging rate is changed at the boundary of the distance charging area.
[0005]
For example, when the charging rate of the first distance charging area is the first charging rate and the charging rate of the second distance charging area is the second charging rate, “charging fee = (first charging rate) Of the distance charging area × first charging rate) + (distance of the second distance charging area × second charging rate) ”.
[0006]
By the way, when setting the charging area, there are various charging items other than the distance charging as described above. For example, the area entry charging to be charged when entering the charging area and the time spent in the charging area are described. There is an area transit time charge, etc., which is charged accordingly.
[0007]
As described above, even when the charging areas of various charging items are set, the charging rates are often different for each charging area. In this case as well, the charging rates are calculated for each charging area and summed up. There is a need. For example, the charging unit price (charging rate) of each charging item in a plurality of charging areas is stored in a unit price memory, the actual value of each charging item in each charging area is measured, and charging is performed according to the charging unit price and the actual value. The fee is calculated (see Patent Document 1).
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2000-163612 (pages 8 and 9; FIG. 5)
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when passing through charging areas having different charging rates, it is necessary to accurately measure the position of the vehicle because the charging rates are different for each charging area. However, when attempting to measure the position of a vehicle using a GPS device, especially in an urban area, there are many places where the reception state of the GPS radio wave is not good, and the number of GPS satellites necessary for measuring the position of the vehicle is reduced. It may not be possible to secure.
[0010]
On the other hand, when trying to measure the vehicle position using the inertial navigation device, the error between the actual position and the measured position increases according to the traveling of the vehicle, and as the vehicle travels, the position of the vehicle is changed. It is difficult to grasp accurately.
[0011]
Under such circumstances, if the vehicle leaves the charging area or moves to a charging area having a different charging rate, it is not possible to accurately grasp the time when the vehicle has passed the boundary of the charging area, and as a result, In some cases, the billing fee for each vehicle is greatly shifted from vehicle to vehicle.
[0012]
On the other hand, a method of positioning a position with the support of a mobile phone base station (base station assisted positioning) is known. However, when this base station assisted positioning is used, the usage fee for each call of the mobile phone base station is reduced. When the position of the vehicle is measured, a large usage fee will be collected separately from the charging fee, and it is difficult to use the base station assisted positioning in terms of cost. There is a problem that.
[0013]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a distance-charging in-vehicle apparatus and a distance-charging system that are inexpensive and can appropriately charge a vehicle passing through a charging area.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, when the vehicle travels through a predetermined charging area mounted on the vehicle, the vehicle is charged based on a charging rate determined for the charging area and a traveling distance in the charging area. A distance-charging in-vehicle apparatus for performing a first positioning means for obtaining a position of the vehicle with a first cost and a first positioning accuracy to obtain vehicle position data; and a second cost higher than the first cost. And second positioning means for obtaining the position of the vehicle with second positioning accuracy higher than the first positioning accuracy and obtaining vehicle position data, and charging area information indicating the position of the charging area are provided. Determining whether the vehicle has approached the charging area according to the position of the vehicle indicated by the vehicle position data obtained by the first positioning means and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information. Determining means for using the second positioning means only when the vehicle approaches the charging area, and determining whether or not the vehicle is located in the charging area according to the vehicle position data, An on-board distance charging device is provided, which includes a charging amount calculation unit that determines a charging amount according to a traveling distance when the vehicle is located in the charging area and the charging rate.
[0015]
In this manner, the first positioning means for obtaining the vehicle position data at the first cost and the first positioning accuracy to obtain the vehicle position data, the second positioning means having the second cost higher than the first cost and the first positioning means And second position obtaining means for obtaining the vehicle position data with the second position accuracy higher than the position accuracy of the vehicle, and obtaining the vehicle position data, wherein the vehicle position indicated by the vehicle position data obtained by the first position accuracy is The second positioning means is used only when the vehicle approaches the charging area according to the position and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information, and according to the mileage and the charging rate when the vehicle is located in the charging area. If the charging amount is determined, the cost required for positioning can be reduced when charging in the charging area, and moreover, appropriate charging can be performed for vehicles passing through the charging area.
[0016]
Further, the determination means uses the second positioning means when the positioning error in the first positioning means is equal to or larger than a preset threshold. As described above, when the positioning error in the first positioning means is equal to or larger than a preset threshold, if the second positioning means is used, positioning cost can be reduced and positioning can be performed accurately. Appropriate charging can be performed for vehicles passing through the charging area. Further, when a plurality of charging areas having different charging rates are set, the determination means uses the second positioning means when the vehicle approaches from one charging area to another charging area.
[0017]
According to the present invention, when the vehicle travels through a predetermined charging area mounted on the vehicle, the vehicle is charged based on a charging rate determined for the charging area and a traveling distance in the charging area. A positioning means for determining the position of the vehicle in accordance with radio waves from a GPS satellite to obtain vehicle position data; and charging area information indicating the position of the charging area. It is determined whether the vehicle has approached the charging area according to the position of the vehicle indicated by the charging area information and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information, and when it is determined that the vehicle has approached the charging area, Supports positioning using position correction data corresponding to an error between a position of a base station obtained in response to radio waves from the GPS satellites and a reference point where the base station is located. Determining means for activating base station assisted positioning, error correcting means for correcting the vehicle position data according to the position correction data, and determining whether the vehicle is located in the charging area according to the vehicle position data. And a billing amount calculating means for determining a billing amount according to the traveling distance when the vehicle is located in the billing area and the billing rate.
[0018]
In this manner, the position of the vehicle is obtained in accordance with the radio wave from the GPS satellite, the vehicle position data is obtained, and the vehicle is moved in accordance with the position of the vehicle indicated by the vehicle position data and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information. When approaching the charging area, the base station assisted positioning is activated, the vehicle position data is corrected according to the position correction data, and the charging amount is calculated according to the mileage when the vehicle is located in the charging area and the charging rate. If it is determined, the cost can be reduced and the vehicle passing through the charging area can be charged appropriately.
[0019]
Further, when the difference between the position of the vehicle indicated by the vehicle position data and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information becomes a first threshold set in advance, the determining means performs the base station assisted positioning. Used. For example, the positioning means sends out an estimation error for estimating an error range of the vehicle position data in accordance with the number of receivable GPS satellites, and the judging means sends the estimated error to a third position in which the estimation error is set in advance. When the threshold value is equal to or larger than 2, the base station assisted positioning is started. The second threshold is a first positioning error when the positioning means can use a sufficient number of satellites for positioning, and a second positioning error when the positioning means can use only an insufficient number of satellites. This is a value that distinguishes the positioning error.
[0020]
As described above, the estimation error for estimating the error range of the vehicle position data is obtained according to the number of receivable GPS satellites, and the base station assisted positioning is started when the estimation error becomes equal to or larger than the second threshold value set in advance. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the cost of positioning, perform positioning with high accuracy, and perform appropriate charging for vehicles passing through the charging area without increasing the cost.
[0021]
According to the present invention, when a plurality of charging areas having different charging rates are set, the determination means uses the base station assisted positioning when the vehicle approaches from one charging area to another charging area.
[0022]
Further, according to the present invention, when the vehicle travels through a predetermined charging area mounted on the vehicle, the vehicle is charged according to a charging rate determined for the charging area and a traveling distance in the charging area. An in-vehicle billing device for performing charging, wherein inertial navigation positioning means for obtaining vehicle position data according to inertial navigation and obtaining vehicle position data, and a position error of the vehicle according to a traveling distance or traveling time of the vehicle. When a vehicle position error obtained based on a specified error function is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold, an error between a position of the base station obtained in response to a radio wave from a GPS satellite and a reference point where the base station is located Determining means for activating base station-assisted positioning that supports positioning using position correction data corresponding to, and error correction means for correcting the vehicle position data according to the position correction data. A section for determining whether or not the vehicle is located in the charging area according to the vehicle position data and determining a charging amount according to a mileage when the vehicle is located in the charging area and the charging rate; A distance-charging in-vehicle apparatus characterized by having an amount calculating means is obtained.
[0023]
Further, according to the present invention, when the vehicle travels through a predetermined charging area mounted on the vehicle, the vehicle is charged according to a charging rate determined for the charging area and a traveling distance in the charging area. A distance billing system used for billing, comprising: a distance billing vehicle-mounted device mounted on a vehicle; and a base station that communicates with the distance billing vehicle-mounted device. Positioning means for determining the position of the vehicle in response to radio waves from the vehicle and obtaining vehicle position data, base station assisted positioning means for receiving position correction data from the base station, and charging area information indicating the position of the charging area. Determining whether the vehicle has approached the charging area according to the position of the vehicle indicated by the vehicle position data and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information. And determining that the vehicle has approached the charging area, determining the base station assisted positioning means, activating error correction means for correcting the vehicle position data according to the position correction data, Charge amount calculation for determining whether or not the vehicle is located in the charge area according to position data and determining the charge amount according to the mileage when the vehicle is located in the charge area and the charge rate Means, wherein the base station generates the position correction data according to an error between a position of the base station obtained in response to a radio wave from the GPS satellite and a reference point at which the base station is located. A distance billing system characterized by doing so is obtained.
[0024]
Further, in this distance billing system, the positioning means sends out an estimation error for estimating an error range of the vehicle position data according to the number of receivable GPS satellites. Is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, the base station assisted positioning means is activated. Further, in this distance charging system, when a plurality of charging areas having different charging rates are set, the determination means determines that the base station assists when the vehicle approaches from one charging area to another charging area. Use positioning means.
[0025]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention thereto, unless otherwise specified. It is only an example.
[0026]
Referring to FIG. 1, an illustrated distance-charging in-vehicle device (hereinafter, simply referred to as an in-vehicle device) 10 is mounted on a vehicle, and the vehicle enters a distance-charging area and exits the distance-charging area. Used to charge a fee. Here, the distance charging area refers to an area in which the vehicle is charged according to the traveling distance of the vehicle. For example, a plurality of such distance charging areas are set, and the charging rate (charge unit price) may be different for each distance charging area.
[0027]
The in-vehicle device 10 includes a positioning device 11, an error calculating device 12, a base station assisted positioning device 13, a base station assisted positioning necessity determining device 14, and a billing amount calculating device 15. It has a billing amount recording device 16, a storage device 17, and a communication device (wireless communication device) 18. Then, for example, a recording card such as an IC card (not shown) is inserted into the charge amount recording device 16, and the charge amount calculated by the charge amount calculation device 15 is written to the IC card as described later. . The storage device 17 includes a charging area database 17a and a charging rate database 17b, and charging area database 17a stores charging area information indicating position information for each charging area. The charging rate database 17b stores information indicating the charging rate of each charging area as charging rate information.
[0028]
Here, a description will be given assuming that the positioning device 11 shown in FIG. 1 is a GPS positioning device. The GPS positioning device 11 receives a vehicle via a GPS radio wave (GPS signal) antenna (not shown) transmitted from at least three GPS satellites (not shown), measures the current position of the vehicle, and obtains vehicle position data. (Hereinafter, this vehicle position data is referred to as GPS measured vehicle position data).
[0029]
By the way, the base station assisted positioning device 13 transmits and receives, for example, to and from the base station 21 of the mobile phone system as described later. The base station 21 is located at a reference point whose position is accurately grasped. Further, the base station 21 measures the position of the base station 21 in accordance with a GPS signal from a GPS satellite, and performs GPS measurement. Base station position data is being generated. Then, the base station 21 calculates a deviation (error) between the position data indicating the reference point and the GPS measurement base station position data, and transmits this error as position correction data. The position correction data is selectively provided to the in-vehicle device 10 (that is, the base station assisted positioning device 13).
[0030]
Here, referring also to FIG. 2, the vehicle now enters the charging area A1 from the non-charging area A0, passes through the charging area A2, reenters the charging area A1, and reaches the non-charging area A0. And That is, it is assumed that the vehicle has traveled along the route indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. Here, when entering the charging area A1 from the non-charging area A0, the distance traveled in the charging area A1 is L1 (km), the distance traveled in the charging area A2 is L2 (km), and the vehicle exits the charging area A2. The distance traveled in the charging area A1 before entering the non-charging area A0 is L3 (km), the charging rate in the charging area A1 is X1 (yen / km), and the charging rate in the charging area A2 is X2 (yen / km). ).
[0031]
Here, referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, as described above, the GPS measurement vehicle position data measured by the GPS positioning device 11 is transmitted to the base station assisted positioning necessity determination device (hereinafter simply referred to as a determination device) 14. Is given (step S1). The determination device 14 reads the position data (charging area position data) indicating the charging area from the charging area database 17a, and when the vehicle position indicated by the GPS measurement vehicle position data approaches the charging area A1 indicated by the charging area position data. When approaching the non-charging area A0 to the charging area A1 (step S2), the determination device 14 determines that the base station support positioning is required, and activates the base station support positioning device 13 (step S3). Specifically, when the difference between the vehicle position indicated by the GPS measurement vehicle position data and the position (boundary) of the charging area A1 indicated by the charging area position data becomes the first threshold set in advance, the determination device 14 determines It is determined that the base station support positioning is required, and the base station support positioning device 13 is activated.
[0032]
The base station assisted positioning device 13 calls the base station closest to the vehicle via the communication device 18 and receives position correction data from the base station (step S4). Then, the position correction data is provided to the error calculation device 12. Further, the error calculation device 12 is provided with GPS measurement vehicle position data from the GPS positioning device 11, and the error calculation device 12 calculates a position error of the vehicle in accordance with the GPS measurement vehicle position data and the position correction data. Output as position error data (step S5). The position error data is provided to the GPS positioning device 11, and the GPS positioning device 11 corrects the GPS measurement vehicle position data according to the position error data (step S6).
[0033]
As described above, when the vehicle approaches the charging area A1 from the non-charging area A0, the GPS positioning device 11 corrects the GPS measurement vehicle data, that is, the GPS measurement vehicle position using the base station assisted positioning. The data will be corrected. As a result, the measured position of the vehicle almost approximates the actual position (that is, there is almost no error between the measured position of the vehicle and the actual position).
[0034]
The GPS-measured vehicle position data from the GPS positioning device 11 is provided to the charging amount calculation device 15, and the charging amount calculation device 15 reads charging area information from the charging area database 17 a. From the GPS measurement vehicle position data and the charging area information, it is known whether or not the vehicle has entered the charging area A1 (step S7).
[0035]
When the vehicle enters the charging area A1, the charging amount calculation device 15 accesses the charging rate database 17b and reads the charging rate X1 of the charging area A1. The mileage is input from a distance meter (distance meter) 22 provided in the vehicle to the charge amount calculation device 15, and the charge amount calculation device 15 calculates the charge amount in the charge area A1 according to the mileage and the charge rate X1. The billing amount will be obtained.
[0036]
By the way, when measuring the position of the vehicle with the GPS positioning device 11, the positioning accuracy depends on the number of GPS signals received by the GPS positioning device 11 from the GPS satellites. For example, the difference between the positioning error when a sufficient number of satellites can be used for positioning (for example, four or more) and the positioning error when only an insufficient number of satellites can be used (for example, three) become. Therefore, the GPS measurement device 11 generates an estimation error according to the number of available GPS satellites (for example, the first positioning error and the positioning error when a sufficient number of satellites are used for positioning are calculated). Assuming that the positioning error when only an insufficient number of satellites are available is the second positioning error, the GPS positioning device 11 sends out the first and second positioning errors as estimation errors.)
[0037]
A second threshold for distinguishing the first and second positioning errors is set in the determination device 14 (this second threshold may be the same threshold as the first threshold), If the estimation error is equal to or greater than the second threshold (step S8), the determination device 14 determines that base station assisted positioning is necessary, and activates the base station assisted positioning device 13 (step S9).
[0038]
Thereby, as described above, the base station assisted positioning device 13 calls the base station closest to the vehicle, receives the position correction data from the base station, and the error calculation device 12 stores the GPS measurement vehicle position data and A position error of the vehicle is determined in accordance with the position correction data and output as position error data. Then, the GPS positioning device 11 corrects the GPS measurement vehicle data according to the position error data.
[0039]
In this way, for example, even if the vehicle is moving in the charging area A1, if the estimation error is equal to or larger than the second threshold, the base station assisted positioning is performed, and the position of the vehicle in the charging area A1 is accurately determined. The user will be well understood and will be charged (step S9).
[0040]
In FIG. 2, when the vehicle approaches the charging area A2 (the difference between the vehicle position indicated by the GPS measurement vehicle position data and the position (boundary) of the charging area A2 indicated by the charging area position data is set to a first predetermined value. When the threshold value is reached), the base station assisted positioning is performed as described above, and the GPS measured vehicle position data is corrected. Then, when the vehicle enters the charging area A2 (that is, when the vehicle exits the charging area A1), the charging amount calculation device 15 calculates the mileage (L1) from entering the charging area A1 to exit and the charging rate X1. Is calculated in accordance with the following equation.
[0041]
Further, the charging amount calculating device 15 accesses the charging rate database 17b and reads the charging rate X2 of the charging area A2. The charging amount calculation device 15 calculates the charging amount in the charging area A2 according to the traveling distance and the charging rate X2.
[0042]
Even while traveling in the charging area A2, the base station assisted positioning is used according to the estimation error as described above. When the vehicle approaches the charging area A1 again, the base station assisted positioning is performed as described above, and the GPS measured vehicle position data is corrected. Then, when the vehicle enters the charging area A1 (that is, when the vehicle exits the charging area A2), the charging amount calculation device 15 calculates the mileage (L2) from entering the charging area A2 to exiting, the charging rate X2, Is calculated according to the following equation.
[0043]
Further, the charging amount calculation device 15 accesses the charging rate database 17b and reads the charging rate X1 of the charging area A1. The billing amount calculation device 15 calculates the billing amount in the billing area A1 according to the traveling distance and the billing rate X1.
[0044]
Then, when the vehicle approaches the non-charging area A0 again, base station assisted positioning is performed, and the GPS measured vehicle position data is corrected. When the vehicle enters the charging area A0 (that is, when the vehicle exits the charging area A1: step S10), the charging amount calculation device 15 calculates the mileage (L3) from the time when the vehicle enters the charging area A1 until the vehicle exits and the charging. The charge amount M3 = L3 × X1 is obtained according to the rate X1.
[0045]
After the vehicle enters the non-charging area A0, the charging amount calculating device 15 calculates the total charging amount M = M1 + M2 + M3 (step S11), and sends the total amount M to the charging amount recording device 16. Then, the charging amount recording device 16 writes the total charging amount on the IC card (step S12).
[0046]
The above-described base station assisted positioning according to the estimation error is performed regardless of whether the vehicle is located in the charging area or the non-charging area, but is performed only when the vehicle is located in the charging area. Base station assisted positioning may be performed.
[0047]
In this way, while the vehicle is running, the position data of the vehicle is corrected using base station assisted positioning selectively in accordance with the estimation error, and the vehicle approaches the boundary between the non-charging area and the charging area. When and when approaching the boundary between different charging areas with different charging rates, the position data of the vehicle is corrected using the base station assisted positioning, so that the number of times the base station assisted positioning is used can be reduced, In addition, since the position of the vehicle can be accurately grasped, the cost for positioning can be reduced and the vehicle passing through the charging area can be charged appropriately.
[0048]
That is, in the above-described example, while measuring the vehicle position using the inexpensive GPS positioning device 11, when approaching the charging area or approaching another charging area having a different charging rate from one charging area, the cost is reduced. High base station assisted positioning is used, and if the estimation error is equal to or greater than the second threshold, cost-effective base station assisted positioning is used, so positioning is required when charging in a charging area. The cost can be reduced, and the vehicle passing through the charging area can be charged appropriately.
[0049]
In other words, in this billing device, a first vehicle position positioning device that is substantially inexpensive but has poor positioning accuracy and a second vehicle position positioning device that is expensive and has high positioning accuracy are prepared. Accordingly, when the vehicle position is measured using the first vehicle positioning device 11 and the vehicle approaches the charging area or approaches another charging area having a different charging rate from one charging area, the second vehicle positioning device is used. In addition, when the estimation error is equal to or more than the second threshold, the second vehicle positioning device is used, so that the cost required for positioning when charging in the charging area can be reduced, and Appropriate charging can be performed for vehicles passing through the charging area.
[0050]
In the above example, the case where the charging amount recording device 16 writes the total charging amount to the IC card has been described, but the charging amount calculation device 15 connects the communication device 18 and a base station (not shown) as indicated by a broken line. The total billing amount may be transmitted to a billing center (not shown) via an ID code for recognizing the vehicle via the billing center. Become.
[0051]
By the way, in the example shown in FIG. 1, the positioning device 11 has been described as a GPS positioning device, but an inertial navigation device (for example, having an accelerometer, a direction sensor, etc .: not shown) is used as the positioning device 11. It may be used. As described above, when the positioning device 11 uses the inertial navigation device, the distance-charging in-vehicle device determines the position of the vehicle using the inertial navigation device. Further, in the inertial navigation device, a model function that models the error of the vehicle position as a function of distance or time (travel time) is set. For example, if the model function is set as a function of time, Estimation error (t) = initial error (t0) + K · (t−t0) (K is a time proportional coefficient).
[0052]
In the inertial navigation device, while the vehicle is running, the vehicle position is measured by inertial navigation, and vehicle position data is obtained. On the other hand, the estimation error is obtained by the above-described model function, and when the estimation error becomes equal to or more than a predetermined threshold (for example, the above-described first threshold), the determination device 14 starts the base station assisted positioning device 13. . Thereby, the base station assisted positioning device 13 receives the position correction data from the base station. Then, the vehicle position data is corrected according to the position correction data.
[0053]
Specifically, the position correction data is provided to the error calculation device 12. Further, the vehicle position data from the inertial navigation device is given to the error calculation device 12, and the error calculation device 12 obtains a position error of the vehicle in accordance with the vehicle position data and the position correction data and outputs it as position error data. I do. The position error data is given to the inertial navigation device, and the inertial navigation device corrects the measured vehicle position data according to the position error data. After that, the inertial navigation device measures the vehicle position according to the inertial navigation, but when the estimation error again becomes equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold value, the base station assisted positioning is used.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a first positioning device that obtains vehicle position data by obtaining a position of the vehicle at a first cost and with a first positioning accuracy, and a first positioning device that is higher than the first cost. A second positioning device that obtains the vehicle position data by obtaining the vehicle position with the second positioning accuracy that is higher in cost than the first positioning accuracy at a second positioning accuracy, and obtained by the first positioning device. The travel distance when the vehicle is located in the charging area using the second positioning device only when the vehicle approaches the charging area according to the position of the vehicle indicated by the vehicle position data and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information. The charging amount is determined according to the charging rate and the charging rate, so that the cost required for positioning when charging in the charging area can be reduced, and appropriate charging for vehicles passing through the charging area can be performed. The effect that can be A.
[0055]
Further, in the present invention, when the positioning error in the first positioning device is equal to or larger than a preset threshold, the second positioning device is used, so that positioning cost is reduced and positioning is performed with high accuracy. As a result, there is an effect that the vehicle passing through the charging area can be charged appropriately.
[0056]
According to the present invention, the position of the vehicle is obtained in accordance with the radio wave from the GPS satellite, the vehicle position data is obtained, and the vehicle is charged according to the position of the vehicle indicated by the vehicle position data and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information. When approaching the area, start base station assisted positioning, correct the vehicle position data according to the position correction data, and determine the charging amount according to the mileage when the vehicle is located in the charging area and the charging rate Therefore, there is an effect that appropriate charging can be performed for vehicles passing through the charging area at low cost.
[0057]
Further, according to the present invention, an estimation error for estimating an error range of vehicle position data is obtained according to the number of receivable GPS satellites, and when the estimation error becomes equal to or larger than a second threshold value set in advance, base station assisted positioning is performed. Is activated, the positioning cost can be reduced and the positioning can be performed with high accuracy, so that there is an effect that the vehicle passing through the charging area can be charged appropriately without increasing the cost. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an on-board distance charging device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a traveling route of a vehicle equipped with the on-board distance charging device shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the on-board distance charging device shown in FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
10 In-vehicle charging device
11 Positioning device
12 Error calculation device
13 Base station assisted positioning device
14 Base station assisted positioning necessity determination device
15 Charge calculation device
16 Charge amount recording device
17 Storage device

Claims (12)

A distance-charging in-vehicle device that charges the vehicle according to a charging rate determined for the charging area and a mileage in the charging area when the vehicle travels through a predetermined charging area mounted on the vehicle. So,
First positioning means for determining the position of the vehicle at a first cost and with a first positioning accuracy to obtain vehicle position data;
Second positioning means for obtaining the vehicle position data at a second cost higher than the first cost and at a second positioning accuracy higher than the first positioning accuracy to obtain vehicle position data;
Charging area information indicating the position of the charging area is provided, and the vehicle is controlled according to the position of the vehicle indicated by the vehicle position data obtained by the first positioning means and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information. Determining whether or not the vehicle has approached the charging area, determining means using the second positioning means only when the vehicle has approached the charging area,
A section for determining whether or not the vehicle is located in the charging area according to the vehicle position data and determining a charging amount according to a mileage when the vehicle is located in the charging area and the charging rate; An in-vehicle distance billing device, comprising: an amount calculating unit. 2. The distance charging vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said determination means uses said second positioning means when a positioning error in said first positioning means is equal to or greater than a preset threshold. apparatus. A plurality of charging areas whose charging rates are different from each other are set, and the determination means uses the second positioning means when the vehicle approaches from one charging area to another charging area. The distance charging vehicle-mounted device according to claim 1. A distance-charging in-vehicle device that charges the vehicle according to a charging rate determined for the charging area and a mileage in the charging area when the vehicle travels through a predetermined charging area mounted on the vehicle. So,
Positioning means for determining the position of the vehicle according to radio waves from GPS satellites and obtaining vehicle position data;
Charging area information indicating the position of the charging area is provided, and whether or not the vehicle approaches the charging area according to the position of the vehicle indicated by the vehicle position data and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information When it is determined that the vehicle has approached the charging area, it is determined according to the error between the position of the base station obtained in response to the radio wave from the GPS satellite and the reference point where the base station is located. Judgment means for activating a base station assisted positioning that supports positioning using the position correction data,
Error correction means for correcting the vehicle position data according to the position correction data,
A section for determining whether or not the vehicle is located in the charging area according to the vehicle position data and determining a charging amount according to a mileage when the vehicle is located in the charging area and the charging rate; An in-vehicle distance billing device, comprising: an amount calculating unit. When the difference between the position of the vehicle indicated by the vehicle position data and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information becomes a first threshold set in advance, the determining unit uses the base station assisted positioning. The distance charging vehicle-mounted device according to claim 4, wherein The positioning means sends out an estimation error for estimating an error range of the vehicle position data according to the number of receivable GPS satellites,
5. The distance-charging in-vehicle device according to claim 4, wherein the determination unit activates the base station assisted positioning when the estimation error is equal to or larger than a second threshold value set in advance. The second threshold is defined as a first positioning error when the positioning means can use a sufficient number of satellites for positioning and a second positioning error when only an insufficient number of satellites can be used for positioning. 7. The distance charging in-vehicle device according to claim 6, wherein the value is a value for distinguishing the distance from the vehicle. A plurality of charging areas having different charging rates are set, and the determination means uses the base station assisted positioning when the vehicle approaches from one charging area to another charging area. The distance charging vehicle-mounted device according to claim 4. A distance-charging in-vehicle device that charges the vehicle according to a charging rate determined for the charging area and a mileage in the charging area when the vehicle travels through a predetermined charging area mounted on the vehicle. So,
Inertial navigation positioning means for determining the position of the vehicle according to inertial navigation and obtaining vehicle position data,
When a vehicle position error obtained based on a prescribed error function according to a travel error or a travel time of the vehicle is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the vehicle position error is obtained in response to a radio wave from a GPS satellite. Determining means for activating a base station assisted positioning that supports positioning using position correction data corresponding to an error between the position of the base station and the reference point where the base station is located,
Error correction means for correcting the vehicle position data according to the position correction data,
It is determined whether or not the vehicle is located in the charging area according to the vehicle position data, and a charging amount is determined according to a mileage when the vehicle is located in the charging area and the charging rate. An in-vehicle billing device comprising: a billing amount calculating unit. A distance used when charging the vehicle according to a charging rate determined for the charging area and a traveling distance in the charging area when the vehicle travels through a predetermined charging area mounted on the vehicle. A billing system,
A distance charging vehicle-mounted device mounted on the vehicle, and a base station that communicates with the distance charging vehicle-mounted device,
The distance charging in-vehicle device includes: positioning means for obtaining the position of the vehicle according to radio waves from a GPS satellite to obtain vehicle position data; base station assisted positioning means for receiving position correction data from the base station; Charging area information indicating an area position is given, and it is determined whether the vehicle has approached the charging area according to the position of the vehicle indicated by the vehicle position data and the position of the charging area indicated by the charging area information. Then, when it is determined that the vehicle has approached the charging area, a determination unit that activates the base station assisted positioning unit, an error correction unit that corrects the vehicle position data according to the position correction data, and the vehicle position It is determined whether or not the vehicle is located in the charging area according to the data, and the traveling distance and the charging rate when the vehicle is located in the charging area are determined. Flip and the billing amount calculation means for determining a charge amount is provided,
The base station generates the position correction data according to an error between a position of the base station obtained in response to a radio wave from the GPS satellite and a reference point where the base station is located. And distance billing system. The positioning means sends out an estimation error for estimating an error range of the vehicle position data according to the number of receivable GPS satellites. The distance charging system according to claim 10, wherein the base station assisted positioning means is activated when the distance becomes equal to or more than a threshold value. A plurality of charging areas whose charging rates are different from each other are set, and the determination means uses the base station assisted positioning means when the vehicle approaches from one charging area to another charging area. The distance billing system according to claim 10.

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