JP2004183945A - Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas turbine combustor capable of reducing combustion vibration so as to consistently realize low NOx. <P>SOLUTION: The combustor 3 comprises a tail cylinder 7 connected to a front end of an inner cylinder 6 having a combustion area, and a bypass duct 11 in which one end 11a is opened in the tail cylinder 7 and the other end 11b is opened in a wheel chamber forming a periphery of the inner cylinder 6 and the tail cylinder 7, and a plate-like member 50 having a large number of through holes 52 and passing through a bypass duct 11 is disposed therein. Fluid particles which are vibrational elements of the combustion vibration occurred in the combustion area are introduced from one end 11a of the bypass duct 11 and effectively captured by each through hole 51 of the plate-like member 50, and vibrated through each through hole 51 in resonance with air in the wheel chamber 5 connected by the bypass duct 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gas turbine combustor (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a “combustor”) and a gas turbine including the same, and more particularly, to a gas that reduces combustion oscillation to realize low NOx (nitrogen oxide). The present invention relates to a turbine combustor and a gas turbine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a gas turbine has an air compressor (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a “compressor”), a combustor, and a turbine as main components, and a combustor is provided between a compressor and a turbine directly connected to each other by a main shaft. Air, which is a working fluid, is sucked into the compressor by the rotation of the main shaft and compressed, and the compressed air is introduced into the combustor and burns with fuel, and the high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas is discharged to the turbine. Then, the main shaft is rotationally driven together with the turbine. Such a gas turbine is used as a driving source by connecting a generator or the like to a front end of a main shaft, and is used as a jet engine by arranging an exhaust port for injecting combustion gas in front of the turbine. You.
[0003]
By the way, in recent years, it has been strongly desired to reduce, in particular, NOx in exhaust gas discharged from a gas turbine in response to an environmental problem which is one of the fundamentals of laws and regulations. Therefore, a combustor that actually produces NOx is required to have a technique for suppressing NOx production in particular. As a combustion method employed in the combustor to achieve this, the fuel and compressed air are mixed in advance and then burned. The premixed combustion method of making it prevail is the mainstream. In this premixed combustion system, since the fuel is dispersed in the compressed air in a uniform and lean state, it is possible to prevent a local rise in the combustion flame temperature, thereby increasing the NOx with the increase in the combustion flame temperature. Can be reduced.
[0004]
Here, a conventional general gas turbine to which a premixed combustion type combustor is applied will be described with reference to FIG. The gas turbine 1 mainly includes a compressor 2, a gas turbine combustor 3, and a turbine 4. The combustor 3 is attached to a vehicle compartment 5 having a cavity formed between the compressor 2 and the turbine 4, and has an inner cylinder 6 having a combustion area, and a transition piece 7 connected to a front end of the inner cylinder 6. An outer cylinder 8 arranged concentrically with the inner cylinder 6, a pilot nozzle 9 arranged from the rear end on the axis of the inner cylinder 6, and arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the pilot nozzle 9. A plurality of main nozzles 10, a bypass duct 11 connected to the side wall of the transition piece 7 and opening to the vehicle compartment 5, a bypass valve 12 provided in the bypass duct 11, and a bypass for adjusting the degree of opening and closing of the bypass valve 12. The variable valve mechanism 13 is provided.
[0005]
Under such a configuration, the compressed air compressed by the compressor 2 flows into the vehicle interior 5 (open arrow in the figure), and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 6 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 8 After passing through the tubular space formed by (1), it is inverted by almost 180 degrees (solid line arrow in the figure) and introduced into the inner cylinder 6 from the rear end side. Next, fuel is injected into a pilot burner (not shown) at the front end of the pilot nozzle 9 to perform diffusion combustion, and is mixed with fuel injected into a main burner (not shown) at the front end of each main nozzle 10 to perform premix combustion. And it becomes high temperature and high pressure combustion gas. The combustion gas is discharged from the front end through the transition piece 7 and drives the turbine 4. A part of the compressed air in the passenger compartment 5 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “bypass air”) is supplied from the bypass duct 11 into the transition piece 7, and this serves to adjust the concentration of the combustion gas. Fulfill.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-254634 A [Patent Document 2]
JP 2002-174427 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-mentioned premixed combustion method is superior in reducing NOx at first glance, but has a problem that the combustion energy per unit space becomes excessively large and the combustion oscillation easily occurs because the flame is thin and burns in a narrow range in a short time. is there. This combustion vibration is generated by converting a part of the combustion energy into vibration energy. When the combustion vibration propagates as a pressure wave and resonates with an acoustic system including a casing such as a combustor and a gas turbine, significant vibration or vibration occurs. Not only does it cause noise, but it also induces pressure fluctuations and heat generation fluctuations in the combustor, making the combustion state unstable, and as a result, hindering NOx reduction.
[0008]
Conventionally, in order to deal with such a problem of combustion vibration, regular operating conditions have been set as needed while appropriately operating the gas turbine while operating the gas turbine in a normal state. Therefore, complicated adjustment work was indispensable.
[0009]
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a gas turbine combustor and a gas turbine capable of reducing combustion vibration in order to stably realize low NOx. It is assumed that.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a gas turbine combustor according to the present invention includes a cylinder having a combustion region therein, one end of which is open to the combustion region or the downstream region of the cylinder, and the other end of which has a cylindrical shape. In a gas turbine combustor comprising a bypass duct opening into a vehicle interior forming a periphery of the gas turbine, a plate-like member having a large number of through holes and crossing the bypass duct is provided. Thereby, the fluid particles, which are the vibration elements of the combustion vibration generated in the combustion region, are introduced from one end of the bypass duct, are effectively captured in the respective through holes of the plate-like member, and are connected to the vehicle interior by the bypass duct. Resonates with the air and vibrates through each through-hole, and its amplitude is attenuated. Thus, combustion oscillation is reduced.
[0011]
In particular, the responsiveness of the damping to various frequency ranges in the combustion oscillation is determined to a first extent by the proportion of the opening area of the through hole in the area of the plate-like member corresponding to the cross section of the bypass duct. Therefore, in order to easily cope with various combustion vibrations having different frequency ranges, the plate-shaped member is slidable in a transverse direction with respect to the bypass duct, and is approximately the same as the cross section of the bypass duct. It is preferable to have a plurality of through-hole existence regions having the same size and different from each other in the proportion of the opening area of the through-hole.
[0012]
Here, the bypass duct is originally required to have a function of adjusting the concentration of the combustion gas by introducing the bypass air into the cylinder from the vehicle compartment, that is, a function of adjusting the flow rate of the bypass air. In such a case, the plate-shaped member may become an obstacle and the flow rate of the bypass air may become insufficient, and the original function of the bypass duct may not be achieved. Therefore, from the viewpoint of reducing combustion vibration without impairing the original function of the bypass duct, the flow rate of bypass air introduced into the cylinder through the bypass duct from the cabin is controlled by the degree of opening and closing. It is preferable that a bypass valve to be adjusted is disposed in the bypass duct, and the plate-shaped member has a penetration area penetrating with a size substantially equal to a cross section of the bypass duct.
[0013]
Similarly, from the viewpoint of reducing combustion vibration without impairing the original function of the bypass duct and further simplifying the configuration, the plate-shaped member has a size substantially the same as the cross section of the bypass duct. And a through-hole absent area having substantially the same size as the cross section of the bypass duct and having no through-hole.
[0014]
Further, the degree of reduction of combustion vibration varies depending on the distance from the opening end (the other end) of the bypass duct to the vehicle compartment to the plate-like member. It is preferable that a cylindrical member having a predetermined length, which can protrude in the axial direction, is fitted into the other end of the bypass duct.
[0015]
In addition, a gas turbine combustor according to the present invention that achieves the above object has a tubular body having a combustion region therein, one end of which is open to the combustion region in the tubular body or a downstream region thereof, and the other end of which is the cylindrical body. A bypass duct that opens into a vehicle cabin that forms a periphery of the gas turbine combustor, and a partition wall that crosses the vicinity of the one end of the bypass duct, and the partition wall fits through and projects from at least one surface of the partition wall. And a resistor having a large number of through holes inserted into the projecting tube. As a result, the fluid particles are effectively captured by the resistor, resonate with the air in the space from the partition to the other end in the bypass duct connected by the protruding pipe, vibrate near the resistor, and the amplitude is attenuated. Is done. Thus, combustion oscillation is reduced.
[0016]
Further, in order to efficiently reduce the combustion vibration, it is desirable to vibrate the fluid particles at many places. In order to achieve this, a plurality of the partition walls are connected in series, and each of the partition walls has the projecting tube and the resistance. Good to have a body.
[0017]
In addition, from the viewpoint of more sufficiently reducing combustion vibration, a box body that is provided outside the cylindrical body to form an internal space having a predetermined volume, and that opens to the combustion region or a downstream region thereof, and that the internal space And a throat having a predetermined length that opens into the throat, and a resistor having a large number of through holes is preferably inserted into the throat. As a result, the fluid particles resonate with the air in the internal space connected by the throat and vibrate near the resistor in the throat, in addition to the vibration near the resistor in the through hole in the plate-shaped member and the protruding tube of the partition wall. , Its amplitude is attenuated.
[0018]
In order to achieve the above object, a gas turbine according to the present invention includes an air compressor, any one of the gas turbine combustors described above, and a turbine.
[0019]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of a main part of the combustor. In the figure, the parts having the same names and the same functions as those in FIG. 14 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted. The same applies to the second to seventh embodiments described later.
[0020]
The combustor 3 of this embodiment is applied to a gas turbine 1 as shown in FIG. 14, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, is provided at a front end of an inner cylinder 6 (not shown) having a combustion area. A transition piece 7 is connected, and a cylinder is constituted by the inner cylinder 6 and a transition piece 7 in a downstream area thereof. A bypass duct 11 is connected to a side wall of the transition piece 7, and one end 11 a of the bypass duct 11 is opened in the transition piece 7, and the other end 11 b is opened in the cabin 5 forming the periphery of the cylinder.
[0021]
Further, a plate-like member 50 is disposed in the bypass duct 11 so as to cross the bypass duct 11, and a large number of through holes 51 are formed in the plate-like member 50. Such a plate-like member 50 is not limited to a metal plate in which the through-hole 51 is formed, but may be, for example, a punching metal, a ceramic sintered metal, or a sintered wire mesh.
[0022]
With such a configuration, with respect to the combustion vibration generated in the combustion region in the inner cylinder 6, the fluid particles as the vibration element propagate through the transition piece 7 and then from the one end 11 a of the bypass duct 11. It is introduced and is effectively captured in each through-hole 51 of the plate member 50. Then, it vibrates through the respective through holes 51 in resonance with the air in the passenger compartment 5 connected by the bypass duct 11. Due to this vibration, the amplitude of the fluid particles is attenuated, and the combustion vibration is reduced. As a result, stable NOx reduction can be realized.
[0023]
In FIG. 1, one plate-shaped member 50 is provided for the bypass duct 11, but two or more plate-shaped members 50 may be connected continuously.
[0024]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The features of the second embodiment are as follows. First, the combustion vibration can be reduced without impairing the original function of the bypass duct 11, and secondly, various combustion vibrations having different frequency ranges can be easily reduced. The point is to make it possible to deal with
[0025]
Regarding the first feature, the bypass duct 11 originally has a function of adjusting the concentration of combustion gas by introducing bypass air from the vehicle cabin 5 into the cylinder (tail tube 7), that is, adjusting the flow rate of the bypass air. However, if the configuration of the first embodiment is used, the plate-shaped member 50 may become an obstacle and the flow rate of bypass air may be insufficient, and the original function of the bypass duct 11 may not be fulfilled. It is.
[0026]
Regarding the second feature, the response of the damping to various frequency ranges in the combustion oscillation is, in one, in the area of the plate member 50 corresponding to the cross section of the bypass duct 11, the opening area of the through hole 51. This is because the occupancy is determined by the ratio (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “opening ratio”), and the response of damping may be significantly reduced depending on the frequency range of the oscillating combustion.
[0027]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the plate member 50 is slidable in a direction transverse to the bypass duct 11 (arrow X in the figure). As shown in FIG. 4, the plate-like member 50 has through-hole existence regions A1 and A2 having substantially the same size as the cross section 11c of the bypass duct 11 and different proportions of the opening area of the through-hole 51 from each other. Are formed, and a penetrating region B penetrating with the same size as the cross section 11c is formed. In FIG. 4, the aperture ratio of the through-hole existing region A2 is larger than that of the through-hole existing region A1.
[0028]
A bypass valve 12 is provided in the bypass duct 11 adjacent to the plate-shaped member 50, and the bypass valve 12 also crosses the bypass duct 11 similarly to the plate-shaped member 50 (see FIG. 3). Can be slid in the direction of arrow Y). Specifically, since the plurality of combustors 3 are arranged at equal angular intervals on the same circumference with respect to the main shaft of the gas turbine 1, the bypass valve 12 is connected to the gas turbine 1 as shown in FIG. A ring-shaped plate coaxial with the main shaft 1 is a substrate portion 12a, and the substrate portion 12a is disposed so as to cross the bypass duct 11 of each combustor 3. A through-hole 12b corresponding to each of the bypass ducts 11 is formed in the substrate portion 12a, and a lever protruding in the radial direction and connected to the bypass valve variable mechanism 13 (see FIG. 14) is provided on the outer periphery of the substrate portion 12a. 12c is fixed.
[0029]
Then, by driving the variable bypass valve mechanism 13, the lever 12c moves in the circumferential direction, and accordingly, the board portion 12a slides in the circumferential direction, that is, the transverse direction with respect to each bypass duct 11 (see FIG. 3). The slide movement is started at arrow Y).
[0030]
The operation of the combustor 3 having such a configuration will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, when adjusting the flow rate of the bypass air, which is an essential function of the bypass duct 11, the plate member 50 is slid and moved so that the penetration area B corresponds to the cross section of the bypass duct 11, as shown in FIG. Select the area that matches. By sliding the bypass valve 12 in this state, the degree of opening and closing of the bypass valve 12 is adjusted, whereby the flow rate of the bypass air, which is the primary function of the bypass duct 11, is adjusted.
[0031]
For example, when stopping the inflow of bypass air by closing the bypass duct 11, the plate-shaped member 50 is slid and selected so that the penetration region B coincides with a region corresponding to the cross section of the bypass duct 11. When the bypass valve 12 is slid so that the through-hole 12b is not engaged (see FIG. 6A), and when the bypass duct 11 is completely opened to completely inflow the bypass air, the cross section of the bypass duct 11 is required. The bypass valve 12 is slid so that the through-hole 12b coincides with the corresponding area (see FIG. 6B). In the case where the inflow of the bypass air is adjusted intermediately, it is sufficient to adjust the opening ratio so that the through-hole 12b partially covers an area corresponding to the cross section of the bypass duct 11.
[0032]
On the other hand, when reducing combustion vibration, as shown in FIG. 7, the bypass valve 12 is slid and selected so that the through-hole 12b coincides with a region corresponding to the cross section of the bypass duct 11. That is, the bypass duct 11 is completely opened. In this state, the plate member 50 is slid so that the through-hole existence regions A1, A2,... Corresponding to various frequency ranges in the combustion vibration coincide with the region corresponding to the cross section of the bypass duct 11. To be selected. For example, FIG. 7A shows a state in which a through-hole existing area A1 is selected, and FIG. 7B shows a state in which a through-hole existing area A2 is selected. Thereby, the response of the damping to the combustion vibration in the frequency range is secured, and the combustion vibration is reduced.
[0033]
Therefore, combustion vibrations in various frequency ranges can be reliably reduced without impairing the original function of the bypass duct.
[0034]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The feature of the third embodiment is that, similarly to the second embodiment, the combustion vibration can be reduced without impairing the original function of the bypass duct 11, and various combustion vibrations having different frequency ranges are reduced. The point is to make it easy to deal with, and to make the configuration simpler.
[0035]
That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the bypass valve 12 in the second embodiment is eliminated, and as an alternative, the plate-shaped member 50 has through-hole existence regions A1, A2,. In addition to the through area B, a through hole absence area C having substantially the same size as the cross section 11c of the bypass duct 11 and having no through hole 51 is formed.
[0036]
With such a configuration, when adjusting the flow rate of the bypass air, the plate-shaped member 50 is slidably moved as appropriate, and the through-hole existence areas A1, A2,. C is selected so as to coincide with a region corresponding to the cross section of the bypass duct 11. As a result, the degree of opening and closing of the bypass valve 12 is adjusted, and the flow rate of bypass air, which is an essential function of the bypass duct 11, is adjusted.
[0037]
On the other hand, when reducing the combustion vibration, the plate-like member 50 is slid and moved to a region corresponding to the cross section of the bypass duct 11 so that the through-hole existence regions A1, A2,.・ ・ Select so that they match. Thereby, the response of the damping to the combustion vibration in the frequency range is secured, and the combustion vibration is reduced.
[0038]
Therefore, similarly to the second embodiment, combustion vibrations in various frequency ranges can be reliably reduced without impairing the original function of the bypass duct, and the bypass valve 12 as in the second embodiment is separately provided. There is no need to provide, that is, since the function of the bypass valve 12 is shared by the plate-shaped member 50, there is an advantage that the configuration can be simplified.
[0039]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The feature of the fourth embodiment is that the degree of reduction of the combustion oscillation is adjustable in the combustor 3 of the first to third embodiments. This is because the degree of reduction in combustion vibration varies with the distance L from the opening end (the other end 11b in FIGS. 1, 3 and 8) of the bypass duct 11 to the plate member 50. .
[0040]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, a cylindrical member 55 having a predetermined length, which can protrude in the axial direction, is fitted into the other end 11b of the bypass duct 11. Thus, by projecting the tubular member 55, the distance L is substantially extended from the plate member 50 to the tip of the tubular member 55. Therefore, by adjusting the amount of protrusion of the cylindrical member 55, the distance L can be adjusted freely, so that it is possible to adjust the degree of reduction of the combustion vibration that fluctuates depending on the distance L. As a result, it can be set so that combustion oscillation can be sufficiently reduced.
[0041]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The feature of the fifth embodiment is that the resonance air that induces the vibration of the fluid particles is the air in the cabin 5 in the combustor 3 in the first to fourth embodiments, while the bypass air is used in the present embodiment. The point is that the air in the duct 11 is used.
[0042]
That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the partition wall 60 is disposed in the vicinity of the one end 11 a of the bypass duct 11 so as to cross the one end 11 a, and the partition wall 60 is inserted through the partition wall 60. A protruding tube 61 protruding from at least one surface is provided. Further, a resistor 62 having a large number of through holes is inserted into the protruding tube 61. As the resistor 62, for example, a punching metal, a ceramic sintered metal, or a sintered wire mesh is applied.
[0043]
With such a configuration, with respect to the combustion vibration generated in the combustion region in the inner cylinder 6, the fluid particles propagate through the transition piece 7, and then are introduced from one end 11a of the bypass duct 11 to project from the protruding pipe. It is effectively captured by the resistor 62 in 61. Then, from the partition wall 60 in the bypass duct 11 connected by the protruding pipe 61 to the other end 11 b, it resonates with the air in the space and vibrates near the resistor 62. Due to this vibration, the amplitude of the fluid particles is attenuated, and the combustion vibration is reduced. As a result, stable NOx reduction can be realized.
[0044]
In FIG. 11, one protruding tube 61 and one resistor 62 are provided for the partition wall 60, however, two or more protruding tubes 61 and two resistor members may be connected to each other.
[0045]
Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The feature of the sixth embodiment lies in that the combustion oscillation is efficiently reduced in the combustor 3 of the fifth embodiment.
[0046]
That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of partition walls 60 are provided in series, and each of the partition walls 60 is provided with a protruding tube 61 and a resistor 61. Thereby, the fluid particles resonate with air in each space between the partition walls 60 connected by each protruding tube 61, vibrate near each resistor 62, and the amplitude thereof is attenuated. Therefore, the fluid particles can be vibrated in many places, and the combustion vibration can be reduced efficiently.
[0047]
Finally, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. The feature of the seventh embodiment lies in that the combustion oscillation is more sufficiently reduced in the combustor 3 of the first to sixth embodiments, and an example of the configuration is shown in FIG.
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 13, in addition to the plate member 50 according to the first to fourth embodiments, a box 30 is disposed outside the side wall of the bypass duct 11, and a predetermined space is defined by a cavity in the box 30. A volume internal space 31 is formed. The box 30 is connected to a side wall of the bypass duct 11 via a tubular throat 32 having a predetermined length. The throat 32 opens into the bypass duct 11 and opens into the internal space 31. ing.
[0049]
Further, a resistor 33 having a large number of through holes is inserted into the throat 32. The resistor 33 is, for example, a punched metal, a ceramic sintered metal, or a sintered wire mesh, like the resistor 62 in the fifth and sixth embodiments.
[0050]
With such a configuration, regarding the combustion vibration generated in the combustion region in the inner cylinder 6, the fluid particles are not only vibrated in the through hole 51 in the plate-shaped member 50 but also in the internal space connected by the throat 32. Resonating with the air 31, it vibrates near the resistor 33 in the throat 32, and its amplitude is attenuated. Therefore, it becomes possible to reduce combustion oscillation more sufficiently.
[0051]
In FIG. 13, the box 30 and the like, which are the characteristic configurations of the present embodiment, are added based on the configuration according to the first to fourth embodiments. However, according to the fifth and sixth embodiments. It may be added to the configuration. The object to be connected by the throat 32 is not limited to the wall surface of the bypass duct 11, but may be the wall surface of the inner tube 6 or the tail tube 7.
[0052]
In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the gas turbine combustor of the present invention, a cylinder having a combustion region therein, one end of which opens into the combustion region of the cylinder or a downstream region thereof, and the other end of which has the cylinder In a gas turbine combustor comprising a bypass duct opening into a vehicle cabin forming a periphery of the gas turbine combustor, a plate-shaped member having a large number of through holes and crossing the bypass duct is disposed, so that a Fluid particles, which are the vibration elements of the combustion vibration, are introduced from one end of the bypass duct, are effectively captured in the respective through holes of the plate-like member, and resonate with the air in the passenger compartment connected by the bypass duct, Vibrates through each through hole, and its amplitude is attenuated. Thus, combustion oscillation can be reduced, and stable NOx reduction can be realized.
[0054]
In particular, the plate-shaped member is slidable in a transverse direction with respect to the bypass duct, and has a size substantially the same as a cross-section of the bypass duct, and a ratio of an opening area of the through-hole is different from each other. When there are a plurality of hole existing regions, the plate-like member can be slid and moved appropriately to select through-hole existing regions suitable for various frequency ranges in combustion vibration. Therefore, it is possible to easily respond to the damping response to various combustion vibrations having different frequency ranges.
[0055]
Here, a bypass valve that adjusts a flow rate of bypass air introduced into the cylinder via the bypass duct from the compartment through the bypass duct is provided in the bypass duct, and the plate-shaped member is Having a through area penetrating with the same size as the cross section of the bypass duct, by selecting the through area by sliding the plate member, and adjusting the degree of opening and closing of the bypass valve, Adjustment of the flow rate of bypass air, which is the original function of the duct, is sufficiently performed.On the other hand, after opening the bypass valve, the plate-like member is slid and moved appropriately, and there is a through hole suitable for various frequency ranges in combustion vibration. By selecting the region, it is possible to ensure the responsiveness of damping to combustion vibration in that frequency region. That is, combustion vibration can be reduced without impairing the original function of the bypass duct.
[0056]
On the other hand, the plate-shaped member has a through area penetrating with substantially the same size as the cross section of the bypass duct, and the same size as the cross section of the bypass duct, and the through hole does not exist. By having the through-hole non-existing area, the plate-shaped member is appropriately slid, and the through-area, the through-hole existing area, or each through-hole non-existing area is selected, so that the flow rate of the bypass air is sufficiently adjusted. On the other hand, by selecting the through-hole existence region corresponding to various frequency ranges in the combustion vibration, it is possible to ensure the responsiveness of damping to the combustion vibration in that frequency range. That is, similar to the above, the combustion vibration can be reduced without impairing the original function of the bypass duct, and further, since there is no need to separately provide the bypass valve as described above, the advantage that the configuration can be simplified. There is.
[0057]
Further, when a cylindrical member having a predetermined length, which can protrude in the axial direction and is inserted into the other end portion of the bypass duct, is inserted into the bypass duct so that the vehicle in the bypass duct is protruded. Since the distance from the opening end to the chamber to the plate-like member can be freely adjusted, it is possible to adjust the degree of reduction of the combustion vibration that fluctuates according to the distance, thereby setting the combustion vibration to be sufficiently reduced.
[0058]
Further, according to the gas turbine combustor of the present invention, a cylinder having a combustion region therein, one end of which opens into the combustion region or a downstream region of the cylinder, and the other end forms a periphery of the cylinder. A gas turbine combustor comprising a bypass duct that opens into the passenger compartment, a partition wall that crosses the vicinity of the one end of the bypass duct, and a projecting pipe that fits through the partition wall and projects from at least one surface of the partition wall. And a resistor having a large number of through-holes inserted into the projecting tube, so that the fluid particles are effectively captured by the resistor and from the partition wall in the bypass duct connected by the projecting tube. It resonates with the air in the space to the other end, vibrates near the resistor, and its amplitude is attenuated. Thus, combustion oscillation can be reduced, and stable NOx reduction can be realized.
[0059]
Furthermore, when a plurality of the partition walls are provided in series, and each of the partition walls is provided with the protruding tube and the resistor, the fluid particles further resonate with air in each space between the partition walls connected by each protruding tube, and It vibrates near the resistor and its amplitude is attenuated. Therefore, the fluid particles can be vibrated in many places, and the combustion vibration can be reduced efficiently.
[0060]
Further, a box disposed outside the cylindrical body to form an internal space having a predetermined volume, and a throat having a predetermined length, which opens into the combustion region or a downstream region thereof and opens into the internal space, When a resistor having a large number of through holes is inserted into the throat, the fluid particles are connected by the throat in addition to vibration near the resistor in the through hole in the plate-like member or the protruding tube of the partition wall. Resonates with the air in the internal space and vibrates near the resistor in the throat, and its amplitude is attenuated. Therefore, it becomes possible to reduce combustion oscillation more sufficiently.
[0061]
Further, since the gas turbine according to the present invention includes the air compressor, any one of the gas turbine combustors described above, and the turbine, the gas turbine combustor reduces combustion vibrations and achieves stable low NOx. Therefore, reduction of NOx in exhaust gas can be achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the combustor according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a plate-like member in a combustor according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a bypass valve in the combustor according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a main part showing an operation of adjusting a bypass air amount in a combustor according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a damping vibration reducing operation in a combustor according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a combustor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of a plate-like member in a combustor according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a combustor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a combustor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of a combustor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a vertical sectional view of a main part showing an example of a combustor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part near a combustor in a general gas turbine.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gas turbine 2 Compressor 3 Gas turbine combustor 4 Turbine 5 Chamber 6 Inner cylinder 7 Tail cylinder 8 Outer cylinder 9 Pilot nozzle 10 Main nozzle 11 Bypass duct 12 Bypass valve 12a Substrate part 12b Through port 12c Lever 13 Bypass valve variable mechanism Reference Signs List 30 Box 31 Internal space 32 Throat 33 Resistor 50 Plate member 51 Through hole 55 Cylindrical member 60 Partition wall 61 Projection tube 62 Resistors A1, A2 Through hole existing region B Through region C No through hole existing region

Claims (9)

A cylindrical body having a combustion region therein, and a bypass duct having one end opening to the combustion region or a downstream region of the cylindrical body and the other end opening to a vehicle interior forming a periphery of the cylindrical body. In gas turbine combustors,
A gas turbine combustor, wherein a plate-like member having a large number of through holes and crossing the bypass duct is provided. The plate-like member is slidable in a transverse direction with respect to the bypass duct, and has a through hole having a size substantially the same as a cross section of the bypass duct, and a ratio of an opening area of the through hole is different from each other. The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of regions. A bypass valve that adjusts a flow rate of bypass air introduced into the cylinder via the bypass duct from the compartment through the bypass duct is provided in the bypass duct, and the plate-shaped member is 3. The gas turbine combustor according to claim 2, wherein the gas turbine combustor has a penetration area having substantially the same size as the cross section of the duct. The plate-shaped member has a through area penetrating with a size substantially the same as the cross-section of the bypass duct, and a through-hole having a size substantially the same as the cross-section of the bypass duct and having no through-hole. The gas turbine combustor according to claim 2, comprising a region. The gas according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a cylindrical member having a predetermined length and capable of protruding in the axial direction is fitted into the other end of the bypass duct. Turbine combustor. A cylindrical body having a combustion region therein, and a bypass duct having one end opening to the combustion region or a downstream region of the cylindrical body and the other end opening to a vehicle interior forming a periphery of the cylindrical body. In gas turbine combustors,
A partition wall crossing in the vicinity of the one end of the bypass duct, a protruding tube fitted through the partition wall and protruding from at least one surface of the partition wall, a resistor having a large number of through holes inserted into the protruding tube, A gas turbine combustor comprising: The gas turbine combustor according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the partition walls are provided in series, and each of the partition walls includes the projecting tube and the resistor. A box disposed outside the cylinder to form an internal space having a predetermined volume, and a throat having a predetermined length that opens into the combustion region or a downstream region thereof and opens into the internal space, The gas turbine combustor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a resistor having a large number of through holes is inserted into the throat. A gas turbine comprising an air compressor, the gas turbine combustor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and a turbine.

Images