JP2004182801A - Alkaline aqueous solution composition - Google Patents

Alkaline aqueous solution composition Download PDF

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JP2004182801A
JP2004182801A JP2002349441A JP2002349441A JP2004182801A JP 2004182801 A JP2004182801 A JP 2004182801A JP 2002349441 A JP2002349441 A JP 2002349441A JP 2002349441 A JP2002349441 A JP 2002349441A JP 2004182801 A JP2004182801 A JP 2004182801A
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acid
iii
carbon atoms
solubilizing agent
alkaline aqueous
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JP3676339B2 (en
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Mitsuhiro Fukushima
光博 福島
Toshimasa Hamai
利正 濱井
Hiroyuki Matsuda
弘之 松田
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an alkaline aqueous solution composition which can solubilize a nonionic surface active agent into a high concentration alkaline aqueous solution with a small amount of a solubilizing agent, and furthermore has excellent low temperature stability without depositing a crystal even when stored at a low temperature of -10°C. <P>SOLUTION: The alkaline aqueous solution composition comprises (a) an alkali agent, (b) a nonionic surface active agent, and (c) a solubilizing agent composed of a solubilizing agent (I) of formula (I): R<SP>1</SP>-X-(CH<SB>2</SB>)<SB>m</SB>COOM<SP>1</SP>(wherein R<SP>1</SP>is a 4-22C aliphatic hydrocarbon group or the like; X is >NH, >N(CH<SB>2</SB>)<SB>n</SB>COOM<SP>1</SP>or the like; M<SP>1</SP>is H, an alkali metal or the like; and m and n are each an integer of 1-3), a solubilizing agent (II) of formula (II): R<SP>2</SP>COOM<SP>2</SP>(wherein R<SP>2</SP>is a 3-22C straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group or the like; and M<SP>2</SP>is H, an alkali metal or the like), and a solubilizing agent (III) of formula (III): R<SP>3</SP>COOM<SP>3</SP>(wherein R<SP>3</SP>is a 4-22C branched-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group or the like; and M<SP>3</SP>is H, an alkali metal or the like) at a compounding weight ratio of the solubilizing agent(I) to [the solubilizing agent (II)+the solubilizing agent (III)] of 95:5 to 35:65 and at a compounding weight ratio of the solubilizing agent (II) to the solubilizing agent (III) of 70:30 to 30:70. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、アルカリ剤と非イオン界面活性剤を安定に含有し、特に低温域での安定性に優れたアルカリ性水溶液組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、水溶性アルカリ剤、例えば水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、オルソ珪酸ナトリウム、メタ珪酸ナトリウム等は酸の中和、油脂類の鹸化、油性汚れの洗浄など種々の用途に使用されている。また、非イオン界面活性剤は、浸透性、乳化性、分散性を有し、各種洗浄剤の有効成分として有用であり、金属、ガラス、繊維等の硬質表面の洗浄に適している。そこで、アルカリ剤及び非イオン界面活性剤を組み合わせて使用することにより、浸透性、乳化性、分散性、洗浄性を有する優れた強アルカリ洗浄剤を得ることができる。この場合、これらを一液化して、均一透明な濃縮製品を作成することができれば、これらの成分を使用する際に混合するよりも、計量、運搬、保存等が簡単になり、実用上極めて有用性が高い。アルカリ剤と非イオン界面活性剤を含む一液性高濃度アルカリ性水溶液を得る試みは従来から種々なされているが、一般に容易ではなく、例えば一液化の為に、特許文献1、特許文献2等に見られるように、脂肪酸又はその塩を用いたり、これに更にアラニンを加える等の工夫が行われている。
【0003】
このような工夫によって、非イオン界面活性剤を含有した高濃度のアルカリ性水溶液を得ることが可能となったが、可溶化できる非イオン界面活性剤の種類には制限があり、容易に可溶化が可能な非イオン界面活性剤は、ポリオキシエチレン(以下POEという)アルキルフェニルエーテルタイプのみであり、それ以外のPOEアルキルエーテル、POE・ポリオキシプロピレン(以下POPという)アルキルエーテル、POE・POPアルキルフェニルエーテル、POE・POP・POEアルキルエーテル、POE・POP・POEアルキルフェニルエーテル等の非イオン界面活性剤の可溶化は非常に困難であった。
【0004】
これらの非イオン界面活性剤を可溶化する場合、可溶化剤を大量に用いると同時に、水溶液中の非イオン界面活性剤の配合割合を削減することで対処してきた。しかし、この様な方法では可溶化剤コストの点で経済性が悪く、また、有効界面活性剤濃度が低下するため洗浄不足が起きるという問題があった。また、可溶化剤量の低減のために直鎖脂肪酸との併用を行っても、冬季に屋外貯蔵した際に氷点下では結晶として析出する場合があった。逆に、これを防止しようと分岐鎖脂肪酸のみを用いても充分な可溶化が実現できず製品分離が起きる問題があった。
【0005】
一方、特許文献3では非イオン界面活性剤として、アルキル基が分岐化したものを用いることにより、−5℃までの低温域での安定性を確保していた。しかしながら、冬季は−5℃を下回る地域があるため、更なる低温域での安定性が望まれていた。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開平1−4226号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平1−123622号公報
【特許文献3】
特開2001−64675号公報
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、非イオン界面活性剤の種類によらず、少量の可溶化剤量で高濃度のアルカリ水溶液中へ非イオン界面活性剤を可溶化することができ、更に、−5℃以下、特に−10℃の低温下で貯蔵しても結晶が析出しない低温安定性に優れたアルカリ性水溶液組成物を提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、(a)アルカリ剤、(b)非イオン界面活性剤及び(c)可溶化剤を含有し、可溶化剤が、一般式(I)で表されるカルボン酸又はその塩(以下可溶化剤(I)という)、一般式(II)で表されるカルボン酸又はその塩(以下可溶化剤(II)という)及び一般式(III)で表されるカルボン酸又はその塩(以下可溶化剤(III)という)からなり、且つ可溶化剤(I)、(II)及び(III)の配合割合が重量比で、(I):[(II)+(III)]=95:5〜35:65、(II):(III)=70:30〜30:70である、アルカリ性水溶液組成物を提供する。
【0009】
−X−(CHCOOM (I)
COOM (II)
COOM (III)
〔式中、Rは炭素数4〜22の飽和もしくは不飽和の直鎖もしくは分岐鎖の脂肪族炭化水素基又は炭素数5〜18の芳香族炭化水素基を示し、Xは基 >NH、>N(CHCOOM又は>CHCOOMを示す。Rは炭素数3〜22の飽和もしくは不飽和の直鎖の脂肪族炭化水素基又は炭素数5〜18の芳香族炭化水素基を示す。Rは炭素数4〜22の飽和もしくは不飽和の分岐鎖の脂肪族炭化水素基を示す。M、M、Mはそれぞれ水素原子、アルカリ金属、炭素数1〜4の脂肪族アミン、アンモニア又はアルカノールアミンを示し、m及びnはそれぞれ1〜3の整数を示す。〕
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
[(a)成分:アルカリ剤]
アルカリ剤としては、水溶性であればいずれのものも使用できる。具体例として、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ金属の水酸化物、オルソ珪酸ナトリウム、メタ珪酸ナトリウム、セスキ珪酸ナトリウム等の珪酸塩、リン酸三ナトリウム等のリン酸塩、炭酸二ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸二カリウム等の炭酸塩、ホウ酸ナトリウム等のホウ酸塩等が挙げられる。2種以上のアルカリ剤を組み合わせても良い。好ましくは水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、オルソ珪酸ナトリウム、メタ珪酸ナトリウムであり、より好ましくは水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、オルソ珪酸ナトリウムである。
【0011】
[(b)成分:非イオン界面活性剤]
非イオン界面活性剤としては、優れた硬質表面の洗浄性を得る観点、及び非イオン界面活性剤の分離を抑制する観点から、HLB(デイビス法による)が4〜8のものが好ましく、5〜8のものが更に好ましい。
【0012】
本発明に用いられる非イオン界面活性剤の具体例としては、POEアルキルエーテル、POE・POPアルキルエーテル、POE・POP・POEアルキルエーテル等のポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル、POE・POPアルキルフェニルエーテル、POE・POP・POEアルキルフェニルエーテル等のポリオキシアルキレンアルキルフェニルエーテルが挙げられる。
【0013】
これらのうち、POE・POPアルキルエーテル及びPOE・POPアルキルフェニルエーテルのエチレンオキサイド平均付加モル数は0〜8、更に3〜8が好ましく、プロピレンオキサイド平均付加モル数は0〜5が好ましい(ただし、両者が共に0であることはない)。また、POE・POP・POEアルキルエーテル及びPOE・POP・POEアルキルフェニルエーテルのエチレンオキサイド平均付加モル数は合計で4〜20、更に6〜15が好ましく、プロピレンオキサイド平均付加モル数は0.5〜6、更に1〜5が好ましい。
【0014】
本発明において特に好ましい非イオン界面活性剤は、一般式(IV)〜(VI)で表される化合物である。
【0015】
−O−(EO)x1−(PO)y1−(EO)x2−H (IV)
−O−[(EO)x3/(PO)y2]−(EO)x4−H (V)
−O−(EO)x5−[(EO)x6/(PO)y3]−(PO)y4−[(EO)x7/(PO)y5]−(EO)x8−H (VI)
〔式中、Rは炭素数6〜24の直鎖もしくは分岐鎖のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基又は
【0016】
【化2】

Figure 2004182801
【0017】
を示す。ただし、R及びRは、それぞれ炭素数1〜22の直鎖のアルキル基を示し、その炭素数の和は5〜23である。また、EOはオキシエチレン基、POはオキシプロピレン基を示す。x1、x2、x3、x4、x5、x6、x7及びx8はエチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数を示す数で、x1、x2、x3、x4、x5及びx8はそれぞれ1以上の数、x1+x2≧4、x3+x4≧4、x5+x6+x7+x8≧4、x6+x7≧1である。y1、y2、y3、y4及びy5はプロピレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数を示す数で、0<y1<x1+x2、0<y2<x3+x4、y3+y5≧0.1、y3≧0、y4≧0、y5≧0、y3+y4+y5<x5+x6+x7+x8である。また、[]で囲まれた部分はランダム付加、()で囲まれた部分はブロック付加であることを示す。〕
一般式(IV)〜(VI)において、Rのうち、炭素数6〜24の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基又はアルケニル基としては、優れた洗浄性能を得る観点から、好ましくは炭素数8〜20の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基又はアルケニル基であり、更に好ましくは炭素数10〜18の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基又はアルケニル基であり、特に好ましくは炭素数10〜16の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基又はアルケニル基である。更に、
【0018】
【化3】
Figure 2004182801
【0019】
において、R及びRは、それぞれ炭素数1〜22の直鎖のアルキル基であり、RとRの炭素数の和は、洗浄性を向上させる観点から、5〜23であり、好ましくは7〜19、特に好ましくは9〜15である。
【0020】
一般式(IV)で表される非イオン界面活性剤において、エチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数を示すx1及びx2はそれぞれ1以上の数であり、x1とx2の和は4以上である。x1とx2の和が4以上であると、一般式(IV)で表される非イオン界面活性剤と水との相溶性が良くなる。またx1とx2の和が20を越えても洗浄性能は変わらないが、排水処理や発泡等の問題が生じる可能性があるために、x1とx2の和は、好ましくは20以下、さらに好ましくは6〜15である。
【0021】
また、一般式(IV)で表される非イオン界面活性剤のプロピレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数y1は0より大きく、エチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数であるx1とx2の和より小さい数であり、好ましくは0.5〜6、さらに好ましくは1〜5である。y1がx1とx2の和より小さい数であると洗浄性、生分解性等が良くなるため好ましい。
【0022】
一般式(V)で表される非イオン界面活性剤において、エチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数を示すx3及びx4はそれぞれ1以上の数であり、x3とx4の和は4以上である。x3とx4の和が4以上であると、一般式(V)で表される非イオン界面活性剤と水との相溶性が良くなる。またx3とx4の和が20を越えても洗浄性能は変わらないが、排水処理や発泡等の問題が生じる可能性があるために、x3とx4の和は、好ましくは20以下、さらに好ましくは6〜15である。
【0023】
また、一般式(V)で表される非イオン界面活性剤のプロピレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数y2は0より大きく、エチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数であるx3とx4の和より小さい数であり、好ましくは0.5〜6、さらに好ましくは1〜5である。y2がx3とx4の和より小さい数であると洗浄性、生分解性等が良くなるため好ましい。
【0024】
一般式(VI)で表される非イオン界面活性剤において、エチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数を示すx5及びx8はそれぞれ1以上の数であり、x6とx7の和は1以上、x5とx6とx7とx8の和は4以上である。x5とx6とx7とx8の和が4以上であると、一般式(VI)で表される非イオン界面活性剤と水との相溶性が良くなる。またx5とx6とx7とx8の和が20を越えても洗浄性能は変わらないが、排水処理や発泡等の問題が生じる可能性があるために、x5とx6とx7とx8の和は、好ましくは20以下、さらに好ましくは6〜15である。
【0025】
また、一般式(VI)で表される非イオン界面活性剤のプロピレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数y3、y4、y5はそれぞれ0以上であり、y3+y5≧0.1である。y3とy4とy5の和はエチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数であるx5とx6とx7とx8の和より小さい数であり、好ましくは0.5〜6、さらに好ましくは1〜5である。y3とy4とy5の和がx5とx6とx7とx8の和より小さい数であると洗浄性、生分解性等が良くなるため好ましい。
【0026】
非イオン界面活性剤は、上記した一般式(IV)〜(VI)から選ばれる2種以上のものを組み合わせてもよい。
【0027】
また、上記以外の非イオン界面活性剤としては、特開2000−104099号、特開平10−21656号、特開2000−169894号、特開平11−222687号に記載されているものを用いることができる。
【0028】
[(c)成分:可溶化剤]
本発明に用いられる可溶化剤のうち、可溶化剤(I)としては、Rが炭素数5〜17のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基、又はフェニル基、Xが>NH又は>N(CHCOOM、m及びnがそれぞれ1〜3の整数であるものが好ましい。具体的には、次のようなものが例示される。
【0029】
【化4】
Figure 2004182801
【0030】
〔式中、Mは前記と同じ意味を示す。〕
可溶化剤(II)は、炭素数4〜23の直鎖飽和脂肪酸もしくは直鎖不飽和脂肪酸、又は芳香族基を有する炭素数6〜19のカルボン酸又はこれらの塩である。直鎖飽和脂肪酸の例として、カプロン酸、エナント酸、カプリル酸、ペラルゴン酸、カプリン酸、ウンデカン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、マルガリン酸、ステアリン酸、酪酸、吉草酸等が挙げられる。直鎖不飽和脂肪酸の例として、カプロレイン酸、オレイン酸、9−ウンデシレン酸、エライジン酸、10−ウンデシレン酸、2−ラウロレイン酸、パセニン酸、リンデル酸、トウハク酸、5−ラウロレイン酸、11−ラウロレイン酸、2−パルミトレイン酸、7−パルミトレイン酸、cis−9−パルミトレイン酸、ゾーマリン酸、trans−9−パルミトレイン酸、ツズ酸、5−ミリストレイン酸、ミリストレイン酸、ペトロセリン酸、ペトロセニライジン酸等が挙げられる。芳香族基を有するカルボン酸として、フェニル酢酸、β−フェニルプロピオン酸、γ−フェニル酢酸、δ−フェニル吉草酸、τ−フェニルカプロン酸、ζ−フェニルエナトン酸、η−フェニルカプリル酸、θ−フェニルペラルゴン酸、ι−フェニルカプリン酸、ナフテン酸およびトルイル酸等が挙げられる。
【0031】
これらの中では、炭素数4〜18の直鎖飽和脂肪酸もしくは直鎖不飽和脂肪酸又はそれらの塩が好ましく、炭素数4〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸が特に好ましい。
【0032】
可溶化剤(III)は、炭素数5〜23の分岐鎖飽和脂肪酸もしくは分岐鎖不飽和脂肪酸又はこれらの塩である。分岐鎖飽和脂肪酸の例として、2−エチルヘキサン酸、イソパルミチン酸、イソステアリン酸、ネオヘプタン酸、2−ブチル−5−メチルペンタン酸、2−イソブチル−5−メチルペンタン酸、4,6−ジメチルオクタン酸、4,7−ジメチルオクタン酸、2,3−ジメチルオクタン酸、2,3−ジメチルノナン酸、4,8−ジメチルノナン酸、2−ブチル−5−メチルヘキサン酸、2−メチルウンデカン酸、10−メチルウンデカン酸、4,4−ジメチルデカン酸、2−エチル−3−メチルノナン酸、2,2−ジメチル−4−エチルオクタン酸、2−メチルドコサン酸、3−メチルドコサン酸、(+)−3D−メチルドコサン酸、2−プロピル−3−メチルノナン酸、12−メチルトリデカン酸、2,2−ジメチルドデカン酸、2,3−ジメチルドデカン酸、4,10−ジメチルドデカン酸、2−ブチル−3−メチルノナン酸等が挙げられる。分岐鎖不飽和脂肪酸の例として、trans−2−メチル−2−ペンテン酸、trans−4−メチル−3−ペンテン酸、cis−2−メチル−2−ヘキセン酸、trans−2−メチル−2−ヘキセン酸、2−メチレン−ヘキサン酸、3,4−ジメチル−3−ペンテン酸、trans−2−メチル−2−ヘプテン酸、3−メチル−2−ノネン酸、3−メチル−3−ノネン酸、5−メチル−2−ウンデセン酸、2,4−ジメチル−2−デセン酸、5,9−ジメチル−2−デセン酸、2−メチル−2−ドデセン酸、(−)−5−メチル−2−トリデセン酸、L(+)−2,4−ジメチル−2−ドデセン酸、L(+)−2,5−ジメチル−2−トリデセン酸等が挙げられる。
【0033】
これらの中では、炭素数5〜18の分岐鎖飽和脂肪酸もしくは分岐鎖不飽和脂肪酸又はそれらの塩が好ましく、炭素数5〜12の分岐鎖飽和脂肪酸が特に好ましい。
【0034】
一般式(I)〜(III)において、M、M、Mで示されるアルカリ金属としては、カリウム、ナトリウム等、炭素数1〜4の脂肪族アミンとしては、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、プロピルアミン、ブチルアミン、エチレンジアミン、ジエチレントリアミン等、アルカノールアミンとしては、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、他の炭素数2〜10のアルカノールアミン等が挙げられる。M、M、Mとしては、水素原子、アルカリ金属が好ましい。
【0035】
本発明の可溶化剤中の可溶化剤(I)、(II)及び(III)の配合割合は、低温安定性の観点から、重量比で、(I):[(II)+(III)]=95:5〜35:65であり、80:20〜50:50が好ましく、70:30〜60:40が更に好ましい。また、(II):(III)=70:30〜30:70であり、60:40〜40:60が好ましく、50:50が更に好ましい。
【0036】
本発明においては、可溶化剤(I)、(II)及び(III)を、上記の割合で組み合わせて配合することにより、少量の可溶化剤量で、高濃度のアルカリ水溶液中への非イオン界面活性剤の可溶化を実現することができる。高濃度のアルカリ水溶液中への非イオン界面活性剤の可溶化は、親水性の低下した非イオン界面活性剤に、親水性の高い可溶化剤(I)が配向し、棚層ミセルを作ることで可溶化していると推定される。しかし、耐塩基性に優れる可溶化剤(I)の溶解量が多く、効率的にミセル形成に寄与できていないと推定されることから、アルカリ水溶液中での溶解度が低い可溶化剤(II)を併用し、可溶化剤(I)へ配向させることにより効率的に混合ミセルが形成され、可溶化剤(I)の使用量の削減が可能となった。しかし、可溶化剤(II)の併用は、冬季の製品保管において、析出物を発生させる原因となることから、更に可溶化剤(III)を用いてそれを回避し、−10℃までの低温安定性を満足させることができた。
【0037】
[アルカリ性水溶液組成物]
本発明の組成物中の(a)成分の含有量は、非イオン界面活性剤の分離や結晶の析出を防止する観点から、3〜50重量%が好ましく、5〜40重量%が更に好ましく、10〜30重量%が特に好ましい。
【0038】
本発明の組成物中の(b)成分の含有量は、洗浄性能を向上させ、また水溶液の発泡を抑えて良好な使用性を得る観点から、0.01〜30重量%が好ましく、0.1〜10重量%が更に好ましく、0.2〜5重量%が特に好ましい。
【0039】
本発明の組成物中の(c)成分の含有量は、可溶化性能及び経済的観点から、0.01〜30重量%が好ましく、0.1〜20重量%が更に好ましく、0.5〜15重量%が特に好ましい。
【0040】
本発明の組成物は、更にエチルアルコールを含有してもよい。本発明の組成物中のエチルアルコールの含有量は、0.001〜30重量%が好ましく、0.01〜20重量%が更に好ましい。
【0041】
本発明の組成物は、更にキレート剤を含有することが好ましい。キレート剤としては、グリセリン酸、テトロン酸、ペントン酸、ヘキソン酸、ヘプトン酸等のアルドン酸類のアルカリ金属塩もしくは低級アミン塩、ニトリロ三酢酸、エチレンジアミン四酢酸、エチレンジアミン二酢酸、テトラエチレンテトラミン六酢酸等のアミノカルボン酸類のアルカリ金属塩もしくは低級アミン塩、クエン酸、リンゴ酸等のオキシカルボン酸類のアルカリ金属塩もしくは低級アミン塩、アミノトリメチレンホスホン酸、ヒドロキシエチリデンジホスホン酸、エチレンジアミンテトラメチレンホスホン酸、ジエチレントリアミンペンタメチレンホスホン酸等のホスホン酸類のアルカリ金属塩もしくは低級アミン塩、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン等のアルカノールアミン塩が挙げられ、好ましくはグルコン酸、グルコヘプトン酸、エチレンジアミン四酢酸、クエン酸、リンゴ酸、ヒドロキシエチリデンジホスホン酸のアルカリ金属塩もしくは低級アミン塩であり、特に好ましくは、グルコン酸ナトリウム、グルコヘプトン酸ナトリウム、エチレンジアミン四酢酸ナトリウム、クエン酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシエチリデンジホスホン酸ナトリウムである。
【0042】
キレート剤は、これらの中の少なくとも1種を用いることができ、アミノカルボン酸類の塩と、アルドン酸類又はオキシカルボン酸類の塩とを併用することが好ましい。本発明の組成物中のキレート剤の含有量は、0.01〜10重量%が好ましく、0.05〜7重量%が更に好ましい。
【0043】
本発明のアルカリ性水溶液組成物は、洗浄剤、特に金属、ガラス、陶磁器、プラスチックス等の硬質表面を低温で洗浄する際の洗浄剤として有用である。
【0044】
【実施例】
実施例1〜25及び比較例1〜13
下記に示す各成分を用い、表1〜3に示す組成を有するアルカリ性水溶液組成物を調製した。これらの組成物について、下記方法で一液化性並びに低温域での結晶析出の有無を評価した。結果を表1〜3に示す。
【0045】
<(a)成分>
a−1:水酸化ナトリウム
<(b)成分>
b−1:POE(5)・POP(2)・POE(5)セカンダリーアルコール(C12)エーテル
b−2:POE(8)・POP(4)デシルエーテル
b−3:POE(9)ラウリルエーテル
b−4:POE(7)・POP(1.5)・POE(7)アルキル(C12/C14=7/3重量比)エーテル
尚、POE,POPの次のかっこ内の数字は、それぞれエチレンオキサイド又はプロピレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数を示す。
【0046】
<(c)成分>
可溶化剤(I)
I−1:2−エチルヘキシルアミノジプロピオン酸ナトリウム
可溶化剤(II)
II−1:オクタン酸
II−2:ヘプタン酸
可溶化剤(III)
III−1:2−エチルヘキサン酸
III−2:ネオヘプタン酸
<キレート剤>
d−1:グルコン酸ナトリウム
d−2:エチレンジアミン四酢酸四ナトリウム
<評価方法>
アルカリ性水溶液組成物を30分間30〜40℃で撹拌後、目視により濁り及び沈殿のない最低の可溶化剤量を求めた。この時の一液化性を下記基準で評価した。
【0047】
○:均一透明溶液
×:溶液分離
更に、一液化が確認できた組成物を、−5℃及び−10℃で1ヶ月の静置保管を行った後、目視により結晶及び濁りの有無を確認した。
【0048】
【表1】
Figure 2004182801
【0049】
【表2】
Figure 2004182801
【0050】
【表3】
Figure 2004182801
【0051】
以上の結果から、可溶化剤(I)、(II)及び(III)を、本発明の範囲内で併用することにより、低添加量の可溶化剤量で一液化が可能であり、−5℃、さらに−10℃での結晶析出も起こらないことがわかる。一方、可溶化剤(I)、(II)及び(III)の配合割合が本発明の範囲外である比較例においては、一液化が不十分であったり、一液化できても−5℃、さらに−10℃で結晶が析出した。
【0052】
【発明の効果】
本発明のアルカリ性水溶液組成物は、少量の可溶化剤量で、高濃度のアルカリ水溶液中への非イオン界面活性剤の可溶化を実現することができ、また、−5℃以下、更には−10℃の極寒においても結晶が析出せず、低温安定性が良好である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aqueous alkaline solution composition that contains an alkali agent and a nonionic surfactant stably and has excellent stability especially in a low temperature range.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, water-soluble alkali agents such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium orthosilicate, sodium metasilicate and the like have been used for various purposes such as neutralization of acids, saponification of oils and fats, and washing of oily stains. Further, the nonionic surfactant has permeability, emulsifying property, and dispersing property, is useful as an active ingredient of various cleaning agents, and is suitable for cleaning hard surfaces such as metals, glass, and fibers. Therefore, by using an alkali agent and a nonionic surfactant in combination, it is possible to obtain a strong alkaline detergent having excellent permeability, emulsifying property, dispersing property and detergency. In this case, if these can be made into one liquid to produce a uniform and transparent concentrated product, the measurement, transportation, storage, etc. are easier than mixing these components when they are used, and are extremely useful in practice High. Various attempts have been made to obtain a one-part, high-concentration alkaline aqueous solution containing an alkali agent and a nonionic surfactant. However, in general, this is not easy. As can be seen, some contrivances have been made such as using a fatty acid or a salt thereof, and further adding alanine thereto.
[0003]
Such a device made it possible to obtain a high-concentration alkaline aqueous solution containing a nonionic surfactant, but the types of nonionic surfactants that could be solubilized were limited, and solubilization was easy. Possible nonionic surfactants are only polyoxyethylene (hereinafter referred to as POE) alkyl phenyl ether types, other POE alkyl ethers, POE / polyoxypropylene (hereinafter referred to as POP) alkyl ethers, POE / POP alkyl phenyl It was very difficult to solubilize nonionic surfactants such as ethers, POE.POP.POE alkyl ethers, and POE.POP.POE alkylphenyl ethers.
[0004]
In the case of solubilizing these nonionic surfactants, measures have been taken by using a large amount of the solubilizing agent and reducing the blending ratio of the nonionic surfactant in the aqueous solution. However, there is a problem that such a method is not economical in terms of the cost of the solubilizing agent and that the concentration of the effective surfactant is reduced, resulting in insufficient washing. Even when used in combination with a linear fatty acid to reduce the amount of the solubilizing agent, crystals may be precipitated as crystals below freezing when stored outdoors in winter. Conversely, even if only a branched fatty acid is used to prevent this, sufficient solubilization cannot be realized, and there is a problem that product separation occurs.
[0005]
On the other hand, in Patent Document 3, stability in a low temperature range up to -5 ° C was secured by using a nonionic surfactant having a branched alkyl group. However, since there are regions where the temperature is lower than −5 ° C. in winter, stability in a lower temperature region has been desired.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-4226 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-1-123622 [Patent Document 3]
JP 2001-64675 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to be able to solubilize a nonionic surfactant into a high-concentration aqueous alkali solution with a small amount of a solubilizing agent, regardless of the type of the nonionic surfactant, and further, at -5 ° C or lower. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide an alkaline aqueous solution composition having excellent low-temperature stability in which crystals are not precipitated even when stored at a low temperature of -10 ° C.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention comprises (a) an alkali agent, (b) a nonionic surfactant, and (c) a solubilizing agent, wherein the solubilizing agent is a carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (I) or a salt thereof (hereinafter, referred to as a salt thereof). Solubilizing agent (I)), a carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (II) or a salt thereof (hereinafter referred to as a solubilizing agent (II)) and a carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (III) or a salt thereof (hereinafter referred to as a solubilizing agent (II)). (Referred to as solubilizer (III)), and the mixing ratio of the solubilizers (I), (II) and (III) is in a weight ratio of (I): [(II) + (III)] = 95: An alkaline aqueous composition is provided, wherein the composition has a ratio of 5 to 35:65 and (II) :( III) = 70: 30 to 30:70.
[0009]
R 1 -X- (CH 2 ) m COOM 1 (I)
R 2 COOM 2 (II)
R 3 COOM 3 (III)
[Wherein, R 1 represents a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, and X represents a group> NH, > N (CH 2 ) n COOM 1 or> CHCOOM 1 . R 2 represents a saturated or unsaturated linear aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms. R 3 represents a saturated or unsaturated branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms. M 1 , M 2 and M 3 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an aliphatic amine having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ammonia or an alkanolamine, and m and n each represent an integer of 1 to 3. ]
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[Component (a): alkaline agent]
Any alkali agent can be used as long as it is water-soluble. Specific examples include sodium hydroxide, alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium hydroxide, sodium orthosilicate, sodium metasilicate, silicates such as sodium sesquisilicate, phosphates such as trisodium phosphate, disodium carbonate, Carbonates such as sodium hydrogen carbonate and dipotassium carbonate; borates such as sodium borate; Two or more alkaline agents may be combined. Preferred are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium orthosilicate and sodium metasilicate, and more preferred are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and sodium orthosilicate.
[0011]
[Component (b): nonionic surfactant]
As the nonionic surfactant, those having an HLB (by the Davis method) of 4 to 8 are preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining excellent hard surface detergency and suppressing the separation of the nonionic surfactant, 8 is more preferred.
[0012]
Specific examples of the nonionic surfactant used in the present invention include polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers such as POE alkyl ether, POE.POP alkyl ether, POE.POP.POE alkyl ether, POE.POP alkyl phenyl ether, POE. And polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ethers such as POP / POE alkyl phenyl ether.
[0013]
Of these, POE.POP alkyl ether and POE.POP alkylphenyl ether have an average addition mole number of ethylene oxide of 0 to 8, preferably 3 to 8, and an average addition mole number of propylene oxide of 0 to 5 (however, Both are never 0). Moreover, the average addition mole number of ethylene oxide of POE.POP.POE alkyl ether and POE.POP.POE alkylphenyl ether is preferably 4 to 20, more preferably 6 to 15, and the average addition mole number of propylene oxide is 0.5 to 6, more preferably 1 to 5.
[0014]
Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants in the present invention are compounds represented by formulas (IV) to (VI).
[0015]
R 4 -O- (EO) x1 - (PO) y1 - (EO) x2 -H (IV)
R 4 -O - [(EO) x3 / (PO) y2] - (EO) x4 -H (V)
R 4 -O- (EO) x5 - [(EO) x6 / (PO) y3] - (PO) y4 - [(EO) x7 / (PO) y5] - (EO) x8 -H (VI)
[Wherein, R 4 represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms or
Embedded image
Figure 2004182801
[0017]
Is shown. Here, R 5 and R 6 each represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and the sum of the carbon atoms is 5 to 23. EO indicates an oxyethylene group, and PO indicates an oxypropylene group. x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6, x7 and x8 are numbers indicating the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added, x1, x2, x3, x4, x5 and x8 are each 1 or more, x1 + x2 ≧ 4, x3 + x4 ≧ 4, x5 + x6 + x7 + x8 ≧ 4, and x6 + x7 ≧ 1. y1, y2, y3, y4 and y5 are numbers indicating the average number of moles of propylene oxide added, and 0 <y1 <x1 + x2, 0 <y2 <x3 + x4, y3 + y5 ≧ 0.1, y3 ≧ 0, y4 ≧ 0, y5 ≧ 0, y3 + y4 + y5 <x5 + x6 + x7 + x8. A portion enclosed by [] indicates that random addition is performed, and a portion enclosed by () indicates that block addition is performed. ]
In the general formulas (IV) to (VI), among R 4 , a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms is preferably 8 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of obtaining excellent washing performance. A linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 20 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a straight or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms. It is a chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl group. Furthermore,
[0018]
Embedded image
Figure 2004182801
[0019]
In the formula, R 5 and R 6 are each a linear alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and the sum of the carbon numbers of R 5 and R 6 is 5 to 23 from the viewpoint of improving detergency, It is preferably from 7 to 19, particularly preferably from 9 to 15.
[0020]
In the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (IV), x1 and x2 indicating the average addition mole number of ethylene oxide are each 1 or more, and the sum of x1 and x2 is 4 or more. When the sum of x1 and x2 is 4 or more, the compatibility between the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (IV) and water is improved. Although the cleaning performance does not change even when the sum of x1 and x2 exceeds 20, the sum of x1 and x2 is preferably 20 or less, more preferably, because problems such as wastewater treatment and foaming may occur. 6 to 15.
[0021]
The average addition mole number y1 of propylene oxide of the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (IV) is larger than 0 and smaller than the sum of x1 and x2, which are the average addition mole numbers of ethylene oxide. Preferably it is 0.5-6, More preferably, it is 1-5. It is preferable that y1 is a number smaller than the sum of x1 and x2 because the washing property and the biodegradability are improved.
[0022]
In the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (V), x3 and x4 indicating the average addition mole number of ethylene oxide are each 1 or more, and the sum of x3 and x4 is 4 or more. When the sum of x3 and x4 is 4 or more, the compatibility between the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (V) and water is improved. Although the cleaning performance does not change even if the sum of x3 and x4 exceeds 20, the sum of x3 and x4 is preferably 20 or less, more preferably, because problems such as wastewater treatment and foaming may occur. 6 to 15.
[0023]
The average addition mole number y2 of propylene oxide of the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (V) is larger than 0 and smaller than the sum of x3 and x4, which are the average addition mole numbers of ethylene oxide, Preferably it is 0.5-6, More preferably, it is 1-5. When y2 is a number smaller than the sum of x3 and x4, the washing property, the biodegradability and the like are improved, which is preferable.
[0024]
In the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (VI), x5 and x8 indicating the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added are respectively 1 or more, and the sum of x6 and x7 is 1 or more, and x5 and x6 are The sum of x7 and x8 is 4 or more. When the sum of x5, x6, x7, and x8 is 4 or more, the compatibility between the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (VI) and water is improved. Although the cleaning performance does not change even if the sum of x5, x6, x7, and x8 exceeds 20, the sum of x5, x6, x7, and x8 is Preferably it is 20 or less, more preferably 6 to 15.
[0025]
The average addition mole number y3, y4, y5 of propylene oxide of the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (VI) is each 0 or more, and y3 + y5 ≧ 0.1. The sum of y3, y4 and y5 is a smaller number than the sum of x5, x6, x7 and x8, which is the average addition mole number of ethylene oxide, preferably 0.5 to 6, more preferably 1 to 5. It is preferable that the sum of y3, y4, and y5 is smaller than the sum of x5, x6, x7, and x8 because the washing properties, biodegradability, and the like are improved.
[0026]
The nonionic surfactant may be a combination of two or more selected from the above general formulas (IV) to (VI).
[0027]
In addition, as the nonionic surfactant other than the above, those described in JP-A-2000-104099, JP-A-10-21656, JP-A-2000-169894, and JP-A-11-222687 may be used. it can.
[0028]
[Component (c): solubilizer]
Among the solubilizers used in the present invention, as the solubilizer (I), R 1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 5 to 17 carbon atoms or a phenyl group, and X is> NH or> N (CH 2 ). those n COOM 1, m and n are an integer of 1 to 3 respectively are preferred. Specifically, the following are exemplified.
[0029]
Embedded image
Figure 2004182801
[0030]
[Wherein, M 1 has the same meaning as described above. ]
The solubilizer (II) is a linear saturated fatty acid or linear unsaturated fatty acid having 4 to 23 carbon atoms, a carboxylic acid having 6 to 19 carbon atoms having an aromatic group, or a salt thereof. Examples of linear saturated fatty acids include caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, and the like. Examples of straight-chain unsaturated fatty acids include caproleic acid, oleic acid, 9-undecylenic acid, elaidic acid, 10-undecylenic acid, 2-lauroleic acid, pasenic acid, lindelic acid, succinic acid, 5-lauroleic acid, and 11-laurolein. Acids, 2-palmitoleic acid, 7-palmitoleic acid, cis-9-palmitoleic acid, zomalic acid, trans-9-palmitoleic acid, tuzuic acid, 5-myristoleic acid, myristoleic acid, petroselinic acid, petroseniladinic acid And the like. As the carboxylic acid having an aromatic group, phenylacetic acid, β-phenylpropionic acid, γ-phenylacetic acid, δ-phenylvaleric acid, τ-phenylcaproic acid, ζ-phenylenatonic acid, η-phenylcaprylic acid, θ- Phenylperargonic acid, ι-phenylcapric acid, naphthenic acid, toluic acid and the like.
[0031]
Among these, straight-chain saturated fatty acids or straight-chain unsaturated fatty acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms or salts thereof are preferable, and straight-chain saturated fatty acids having 4 to 12 carbon atoms are particularly preferable.
[0032]
The solubilizer (III) is a branched saturated fatty acid or a branched unsaturated fatty acid having 5 to 23 carbon atoms, or a salt thereof. Examples of branched saturated fatty acids include 2-ethylhexanoic acid, isopalmitic acid, isostearic acid, neoheptanoic acid, 2-butyl-5-methylpentanoic acid, 2-isobutyl-5-methylpentanoic acid, and 4,6-dimethyloctane Acid, 4,7-dimethyloctanoic acid, 2,3-dimethyloctanoic acid, 2,3-dimethylnonanoic acid, 4,8-dimethylnonanoic acid, 2-butyl-5-methylhexanoic acid, 2-methylundecanoic acid, 10-methylundecanoic acid, 4,4-dimethyldecanoic acid, 2-ethyl-3-methylnonanoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-4-ethyloctanoic acid, 2-methyldocosanoic acid, 3-methyldocosanoic acid, (+)-3D -Methyl docosanoic acid, 2-propyl-3-methylnonanoic acid, 12-methyltridecanoic acid, 2,2-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 2,3-di Chirudodekan acid, 4,10-dimethyl dodecanoic acid, and 2-butyl-3-methylnonanoic acid. Examples of branched unsaturated fatty acids include trans-2-methyl-2-pentenoic acid, trans-4-methyl-3-pentenoic acid, cis-2-methyl-2-hexenoic acid, trans-2-methyl-2- Hexenoic acid, 2-methylene-hexanoic acid, 3,4-dimethyl-3-pentenoic acid, trans-2-methyl-2-heptenoic acid, 3-methyl-2-nonenoic acid, 3-methyl-3-nonenoic acid, 5-methyl-2-undecenoic acid, 2,4-dimethyl-2-decenoic acid, 5,9-dimethyl-2-decenoic acid, 2-methyl-2-dodecenoic acid, (-)-5-methyl-2- Tridecenoic acid, L (+)-2,4-dimethyl-2-dodesenic acid, L (+)-2,5-dimethyl-2-tridecenoic acid and the like can be mentioned.
[0033]
Among these, a branched saturated fatty acid having 5 to 18 carbon atoms or a branched unsaturated fatty acid or a salt thereof is preferable, and a branched saturated fatty acid having 5 to 12 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
[0034]
In the general formulas (I) to (III), examples of the alkali metal represented by M 1 , M 2 and M 3 include potassium and sodium, and examples of the aliphatic amine having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include methylamine, ethylamine and propyl. Examples of alkanolamines such as amine, butylamine, ethylenediamine, and diethylenetriamine include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and other alkanolamines having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. As M 1 , M 2 and M 3 , a hydrogen atom and an alkali metal are preferable.
[0035]
The mixing ratio of the solubilizers (I), (II) and (III) in the solubilizer of the present invention is expressed by weight ratio of (I): [(II) + (III) from the viewpoint of low-temperature stability. ] = 95: 5 to 35:65, preferably 80:20 to 50:50, more preferably 70:30 to 60:40. Also, (II) :( III) = 70: 30 to 30:70, preferably 60:40 to 40:60, and more preferably 50:50.
[0036]
In the present invention, the solubilizers (I), (II) and (III) are combined and blended in the above ratio, so that a small amount of the solubilizer and a non-ionic Solubilization of the surfactant can be achieved. The solubilization of a nonionic surfactant in a high-concentration alkaline aqueous solution is achieved by aligning a highly hydrophilic solubilizing agent (I) with a nonionic surfactant with reduced hydrophilicity to form shelf-layer micelles. It is presumed that it has been solubilized. However, since the solubility of the solubilizing agent (I) having excellent base resistance is large and it is estimated that the solubilizing agent (I) does not efficiently contribute to micelle formation, the solubilizing agent (II) having low solubility in an alkaline aqueous solution is used. In combination, and by orienting to the solubilizing agent (I), mixed micelles were efficiently formed, and the amount of the solubilizing agent (I) used could be reduced. However, the combined use of the solubilizing agent (II) may cause a precipitate to be generated in the storage of products in winter, so that it is further avoided by using the solubilizing agent (III), and the temperature is reduced to -10 ° C. The stability could be satisfied.
[0037]
[Alkaline aqueous solution composition]
The content of the component (a) in the composition of the present invention is preferably from 3 to 50% by weight, more preferably from 5 to 40% by weight, from the viewpoint of preventing separation of the nonionic surfactant and precipitation of crystals. Particularly preferred is 10 to 30% by weight.
[0038]
The content of the component (b) in the composition of the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 30% by weight, from the viewpoint of improving the cleaning performance and suppressing foaming of the aqueous solution to obtain good usability, and is preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight. The content is more preferably 1 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 0.2 to 5% by weight.
[0039]
The content of the component (c) in the composition of the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 30% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, and more preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight from the viewpoint of solubilization performance and economical efficiency. 15% by weight is particularly preferred.
[0040]
The composition of the present invention may further contain ethyl alcohol. The content of ethyl alcohol in the composition of the present invention is preferably 0.001 to 30% by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 20% by weight.
[0041]
The composition of the present invention preferably further contains a chelating agent. Examples of the chelating agent include alkali metal salts or lower amine salts of aldonic acids such as glyceric acid, tetronic acid, pentonic acid, hexonic acid, and heptonic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediaminediacetic acid, tetraethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid, and the like. Alkali metal salts or lower amine salts of aminocarboxylic acids, citric acid, alkali metal salts or lower amine salts of oxycarboxylic acids such as malic acid, aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid, hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid, Alkali metal salts or lower amine salts of phosphonic acids such as diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid; and alkanolamine salts such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine. Preferably, gluconic acid, glucoheptonic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, alkali metal salts or lower amine salts of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, particularly preferably sodium gluconate, sodium glucoheptonate, sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate , Sodium citrate and sodium hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate.
[0042]
At least one of these can be used as the chelating agent, and it is preferable to use a salt of an aminocarboxylic acid and a salt of an aldonic acid or an oxycarboxylic acid in combination. The content of the chelating agent in the composition of the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 7% by weight.
[0043]
The alkaline aqueous solution composition of the present invention is useful as a cleaning agent, particularly when cleaning hard surfaces such as metals, glass, ceramics, and plastics at low temperatures.
[0044]
【Example】
Examples 1 to 25 and Comparative Examples 1 to 13
Using the components shown below, alkaline aqueous compositions having the compositions shown in Tables 1 to 3 were prepared. With respect to these compositions, the following methods were used to evaluate the liquefaction and the presence or absence of crystal precipitation in a low temperature range. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.
[0045]
<(A) component>
a-1: Sodium hydroxide <component (b)>
b-1: POE (5) · POP (2) · POE (5) secondary alcohol (C 12) ether b-2: POE (8) · POP (4) decyl ether b-3: POE (9) lauryl ether b-4: POE (7) · POP (1.5) · POE (7) alkyl (C 12 / C 14 = 7/3 weight ratio) ether The numbers in parentheses following POE and POP are respectively Shows the average number of moles of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide added.
[0046]
<(C) component>
Solubilizer (I)
I-1: Sodium solubilizing agent for sodium 2-ethylhexylaminodipropionate (II)
II-1: Octanoic acid II-2: Heptanoic acid solubilizer (III)
III-1: 2-ethylhexanoic acid III-2: Neoheptanoic acid <chelating agent>
d-1: Sodium gluconate d-2: Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate <Evaluation method>
After stirring the alkaline aqueous solution composition for 30 minutes at 30-40 ° C., the minimum amount of solubilizer without turbidity and precipitation was visually determined. The one liquefaction at this time was evaluated according to the following criteria.
[0047]
:: Uniform transparent solution X: Solution separation Further, after the composition, which was confirmed to be one-part liquefied, was allowed to stand at -5 ° C and -10 ° C for one month, the presence or absence of crystals and turbidity was visually confirmed. .
[0048]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004182801
[0049]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004182801
[0050]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004182801
[0051]
From the above results, by using the solubilizing agents (I), (II) and (III) together within the scope of the present invention, it is possible to form a single solution with a small amount of solubilizing agent, and -5 It turns out that crystal precipitation does not occur at ℃, further -10 ℃. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples in which the blending ratios of the solubilizers (I), (II) and (III) are out of the range of the present invention, one-packing is insufficient, or even if one-pack can be obtained, -5 ° C. Further, crystals were precipitated at -10 ° C.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
The alkaline aqueous solution composition of the present invention can realize solubilization of a nonionic surfactant in a high-concentration aqueous alkaline solution with a small amount of a solubilizing agent, and has a temperature of −5 ° C. or lower, and further − Crystals do not precipitate even in extreme cold at 10 ° C., and the low-temperature stability is good.

Claims (5)

(a)アルカリ剤、(b)非イオン界面活性剤及び(c)可溶化剤を含有し、可溶化剤が、一般式(I)で表されるカルボン酸又はその塩(以下可溶化剤(I)という)、一般式(II)で表されるカルボン酸又はその塩(以下可溶化剤(II)という)及び一般式(III)で表されるカルボン酸又はその塩(以下可溶化剤(III)という)からなり、且つ可溶化剤(I)、(II)及び(III)の配合割合が重量比で、(I):[(II)+(III)]=95:5〜35:65、(II):(III)=70:30〜30:70である、アルカリ性水溶液組成物。
−X−(CHCOOM (I)
COOM (II)
COOM (III)
〔式中、Rは炭素数4〜22の飽和もしくは不飽和の直鎖もしくは分岐鎖の脂肪族炭化水素基又は炭素数5〜18の芳香族炭化水素基を示し、Xは基 >NH、>N(CHCOOM又は>CHCOOMを示す。Rは炭素数3〜22の飽和もしくは不飽和の直鎖の脂肪族炭化水素基又は炭素数5〜18の芳香族炭化水素基を示す。Rは炭素数4〜22の飽和もしくは不飽和の分岐鎖の脂肪族炭化水素基を示す。M、M、Mはそれぞれ水素原子、アルカリ金属、炭素数1〜4の脂肪族アミン、アンモニア又はアルカノールアミンを示し、m及びnはそれぞれ1〜3の整数を示す。〕
It contains (a) an alkali agent, (b) a nonionic surfactant, and (c) a solubilizer, and the solubilizer is a carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (I) or a salt thereof (hereinafter, a solubilizer ( I)), a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof represented by the general formula (II) (hereinafter referred to as a solubilizing agent (II)) and a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof represented by the general formula (III) (hereinafter referred to as a solubilizing agent ( III)), and the mixing ratio of the solubilizers (I), (II) and (III) is by weight ratio, (I): [(II) + (III)] = 95: 5-35: 65, an alkaline aqueous solution composition wherein (II) :( III) = 70: 30 to 30:70.
R 1 -X- (CH 2 ) m COOM 1 (I)
R 2 COOM 2 (II)
R 3 COOM 3 (III)
[Wherein, R 1 represents a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, and X represents a group> NH, > N (CH 2 ) n COOM 1 or> CHCOOM 1 . R 2 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having a saturated or aliphatic straight-chain unsaturated hydrocarbon group or a C 5-18 having a carbon number of 3 to 22. R 3 represents a saturated or unsaturated branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms. M 1 , M 2 and M 3 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an aliphatic amine having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ammonia or an alkanolamine, and m and n each represent an integer of 1 to 3. ]
非イオン界面活性剤が、一般式(IV)〜(VI)で表される化合物から選ばれる1種以上である請求項1記載のアルカリ性水溶液組成物。
−O−(EO)x1−(PO)y1−(EO)x2−H (IV)
−O−[(EO)x3/(PO)y2]−(EO)x4−H (V)
−O−(EO)x5−[(EO)x6/(PO)y3]−(PO)y4−[(EO)x7/(PO)y5]−(EO)x8−H (VI)
〔式中、Rは炭素数6〜24の直鎖もしくは分岐鎖のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基又は
Figure 2004182801
を示す。ただし、R及びRは、それぞれ炭素数1〜22の直鎖のアルキル基を示し、その炭素数の和は5〜23である。また、EOはオキシエチレン基、POはオキシプロピレン基を示す。x1、x2、x3、x4、x5、x6、x7及びx8はエチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数を示す数で、x1、x2、x3、x4、x5及びx8はそれぞれ1以上の数、x1+x2≧4、x3+x4≧4、x5+x6+x7+x8≧4、x6+x7≧1である。y1、y2、y3、y4及びy5はプロピレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数を示す数で、0<y1<x1+x2、0<y2<x3+x4、y3+y5≧0.1、y3≧0、y4≧0、y5≧0、y3+y4+y5<x5+x6+x7+x8である。また、[]で囲まれた部分はランダム付加、()で囲まれた部分はブロック付加であることを示す。〕
The alkaline aqueous solution composition according to claim 1, wherein the nonionic surfactant is at least one selected from compounds represented by formulas (IV) to (VI).
R 4 -O- (EO) x1 - (PO) y1 - (EO) x2 -H (IV)
R 4 -O - [(EO) x3 / (PO) y2] - (EO) x4 -H (V)
R 4 -O- (EO) x5 - [(EO) x6 / (PO) y3] - (PO) y4 - [(EO) x7 / (PO) y5] - (EO) x8 -H (VI)
[In the formula, R 4 is a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms or
Figure 2004182801
Is shown. Here, R 5 and R 6 each represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and the sum of the carbon atoms is 5 to 23. EO indicates an oxyethylene group, and PO indicates an oxypropylene group. x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6, x7 and x8 are numbers indicating the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added, x1, x2, x3, x4, x5 and x8 are each 1 or more, x1 + x2 ≧ 4, x3 + x4 ≧ 4, x5 + x6 + x7 + x8 ≧ 4, and x6 + x7 ≧ 1. y1, y2, y3, y4 and y5 are numbers indicating the average number of moles of propylene oxide added, and 0 <y1 <x1 + x2, 0 <y2 <x3 + x4, y3 + y5 ≧ 0.1, y3 ≧ 0, y4 ≧ 0, y5 ≧ 0, y3 + y4 + y5 <x5 + x6 + x7 + x8. A portion enclosed by [] indicates that random addition is performed, and a portion enclosed by () indicates that block addition is performed. ]
組成物中の(a)成分の含有量が3〜50重量%、(b)成分の含有量が0.01〜30重量%、(c)成分の含有量が0.01〜30重量%である請求項1又は2記載のアルカリ性水溶液組成物。In the composition, the content of the component (a) is 3 to 50% by weight, the content of the component (b) is 0.01 to 30% by weight, and the content of the component (c) is 0.01 to 30% by weight. The alkaline aqueous solution composition according to claim 1 or 2. 更に、キレート剤を含有する請求項1〜3いずれかに記載のアルカリ性水溶液組成物。The alkaline aqueous composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a chelating agent. 洗浄剤用である請求項1〜4いずれかに記載のアルカリ性水溶液組成物。The alkaline aqueous composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is used for a cleaning agent.
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