JP2004178788A - Recording device and recording method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a digital recording device for effectively performing recovery processing to remove the inconsistency between management information remaining in a disk and AV data in the case that power supply is interrupted during video recording such as when power failure or a power source receptacle fallout occurs. <P>SOLUTION: By writing recovery data to be used for data recovery processing after the power supply interrupt such as power failure in a disk during recording, when the power is supplied again, the management information is created on the basis of the recovery data and the inconsistency between the AV data and the management information is removed. In doing so, the AV data and the recovery data are written in a consecutive area on the disk by turns. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

  The present invention relates to a digital recording device, and more particularly to a technology for improving the efficiency of a recovery process for correcting inconsistency between management information and AV data remaining on a disk when power supply is cut off.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, video taken by a television program or movie has been recorded on a digital recording device such as a hard disk drive (hereinafter referred to as an HDD), a digital versatile disk (hereinafter referred to as a DVD), or a Blu-ray Disc (hereinafter referred to as a BD). Digital recording devices are becoming widespread.

  In such a digital recording apparatus, in addition to coded AV data such as MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group), title, recording date / time, aspect, and AV data configuration information (data size, time table, frame number) of the AV data ) Is recorded on a digital recording device.

  In the conventional example (Patent Document 1), an information recording apparatus using a digital recording device such as an optical disk or a magneto-optical disk is used. It is intended to shorten.

  In this (Patent Document 1), a recording area is divided into a plurality of zones, and management information is recorded in an AV management area of a zone where the magnetic head is currently located or a zone closest to the current location of the magnetic head. In addition, the address of the area where the management information is recorded is held in the nonvolatile memory built in the recording medium cartridge, and when the power is turned on and the disc is inserted, the management information is read by referring to the address held in the nonvolatile memory. It is characterized by.

  As a result, the seek time of the magnetic head for writing the management information can be shortened, and the time required for processing when turning on / off the power and inserting / ejecting the disk can be shortened.

JP-A-2002-260368

  In the conventional example, the purpose is to shorten the magnetic head seek processing time for writing the management information when turning on / off the power and inserting / ejecting the disk, and the timing for writing the management information to the digital recording device is determined by turning off the power. Only when the disc is ejected.

  However, if the power supply is interrupted during a recording operation such as a power outage or the power outlet is disconnected, the management information during recording is not written to the digital recording device, so the next time power is supplied However, the management information during the period in which the data has not been written is lost. In such a case, the contradiction between the management information remaining on the disc and the AV data will occur when the power is supplied next time, and a recovery process for correcting the contradiction will be required.

  As a method of correcting inconsistency between the AV data and the management information at the time of the recovery processing, there are a method of interpolating the management information that has been lost according to the AV data remaining on the disk, and a method of correcting the AV data according to the management information remaining on the disk. There is a way to delete it. The former has a problem that it takes time to analyze the AV data because the management information is interpolated based on the analysis result of the AV data. In the latter case, since only the management information written to the digital recording device at the time when the disk was previously taken out or the time when the power was last turned off remains, it corresponds to the AV data that was recorded immediately before the power supply was cut off due to a power failure or the like. There is a problem that the management information is lost due to the interruption of the power supply, and the AV data of the program recorded until immediately before the power supply is cut off is deleted.

  In addition, real-time processing is not necessarily required for recording recovery data for general data, but real-time processing is required for recording recovery data for AV data. This is because a head seek occurs during the recording of AV data, the recovery data is recorded in another area, the seek is performed to the original location, and when the AV data is subsequently recorded, two seeks are performed. During the period when the recovery data is recorded, it is necessary to store the AV data in the buffer memory. If a sufficient buffer memory is provided to store AV data generated during this period, there is a problem in that the cost of the device increases.

  According to the present invention, when the power supply is interrupted, such as when a power failure or a power outlet is disconnected during the above-described recording operation, a recovery process for correcting inconsistency between management information and AV data remaining on the disk is efficiently realized. It is an object of the present invention to provide a digital recording device.

A first invention provides AV data including at least one of audio data and video data, and recovery data for restoring management information of the AV data when recording of the AV data has not been completed normally. And a recording medium for recording
Means for generating recovery data for each fixed or fluctuating period;
Means for generating AV data;
A recording apparatus, comprising recording means for recording the restoration data while interleaving the AV data when recording the AV data.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided AV data including at least one of audio data and video data, and recovery data for restoring management information of the AV data when recording of the AV data is not completed normally. Is recorded on a recording medium,
Generate recovery data for each fixed or fluctuating period,
Generate AV data,
The recording method is characterized in that the restoration data is recorded while interleaving the AV data when recording the AV data.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce a decrease in the recording rate of AV data even when recording of restoration data occurs during recording of AV data.

  Further, according to the invention, it is possible to perform a restoration process of AV data.

  According to the present invention, the restoration data includes file management information of the recorded AV data.

  According to this, restoration processing of AV data is enabled.

  According to the present invention, the restoration data includes information on a reproduction time of the recorded AV data.

  According to this, the time required for the recovery process can be reduced.

  In the present invention, the AV data is data compressed by the MPEG system, and the restoration data includes a head address of an I picture of the recorded AV data.

  According to this, the restoration process can be easily realized.

  The present invention is characterized in that restoration data position information indicating an address of restoration data is held in a predetermined area.

  According to this, the restoration process can be easily realized.

  The present invention is characterized in that the recovery data position information includes a plurality of banks.

  According to this, the restoration process can be easily realized even on a recording medium having a limited number of recordings.

  The present invention is characterized in that recovery data position information indicating an address of recovery data is held in a recovery data file having a predetermined specific name.

  According to this, the restoration process can be easily realized even on a recording medium having a limited number of recordings.

  The present invention is characterized by having a plurality of restoration data files.

  According to this, the restoration process can be easily realized even on a recording medium having a limited number of recordings.

  The present invention is characterized in that the recovery data position information has a serial number or time information.

  According to this, it is possible to easily determine the latest restoration position information from a plurality of pieces of restoration data position information.

  The present invention is characterized in that there are at least two or more pieces of restoration data, each of which is recorded while interleaving the AV data when recording the AV data.

  According to this, it is possible to reduce a decrease in the recording rate of AV data even if recording of recovery data occurs during recording of AV data.

  The present invention is characterized in that the restoration data includes recording position information of previously recorded restoration data.

  According to this, it is possible to easily search for restoration data.

  According to the present invention, the restoration data includes difference information from previously recorded restoration data.

  According to this, it is possible to reduce a decrease in the recording rate of AV data even if recording of recovery data occurs during recording of AV data.

  According to the present invention, the restoration data has the following restoration data position information.

  According to this, it is possible to easily search for the next restoration data.

  The present invention is characterized in that recovery data identification information is recorded in the recovery data.

  According to this, it is possible to easily determine the AV data and the recovery data.

  The present invention is characterized in that restoration data is interleaved for each predetermined size of AV data.

  According to this, it is possible to easily search for restoration data.

  The present invention is characterized in that the restoration data is interleaved every time AV data is recorded for a predetermined time.

  According to this, it is possible to easily search for restoration data.

  The present invention is characterized in that the recovery data is interleaved every time a predetermined unit of AV data is recorded.

  According to this, restoration processing of restoration data can be easily performed.

  The present invention is characterized in that address information in which restoration data is recorded is recorded on a recording member, for example, a nonvolatile memory.

  According to this, the latest recovery data position information can be held in the non-volatile memory every time the recording position of the recovery data is updated, and the latest recovery data position can be easily obtained at the time of the recovery processing. Become.

  The present invention is characterized in that the nonvolatile memory for recording the address information on which the restoration data is recorded is configured to be removable.

  According to this, recovery can be performed by a device different from the device that has recorded the AV data, and it is possible to cope with a case where the device that has performed the recording becomes unusable.

According to the present invention, the restoration data has a serial number or time information.
According to this, the latest restoration data can be found by using the serial number or the time information recorded in the restoration data.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently perform a recovery process for correcting inconsistency between management information and AV data remaining on a disk when a power supply is interrupted such as a power failure or a power outlet being disconnected during a recording operation. Can be realized well.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a digital recording apparatus and a recording method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(1st Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the recording apparatus according to the first embodiment. The recording apparatus according to the first embodiment includes an encoding unit 101, a recording unit 102, and a control unit 103. The input AV signal includes at least one of audio data and video data.

  The encoding unit 101 performs compression encoding such as MPEG on an input AV signal, and outputs AV data. Also, the control unit 103 is notified of parameters such as the GOP (Group Of Picture) data size of the AV data, the I picture data size (Intra picture data size), the number of frames, and audio attribute information (monaural, stereo, audio multiplex, etc.). . In the present embodiment, the compression encoding method is described as MPEG, but the compression encoding method is not limited to MPEG, and another compression encoding method may be used.

  The recording unit 102 includes a recording device that performs a recording operation on a recording medium such as an optical disk such as an HDD, a DVD, and a BD, and a magneto-optical disk. The recording unit 102 receives the AV data from the encoding unit 101, the management information and the recovery data from the control unit 103, and performs recording control and recording and storage of the AV data. The recovery data is auxiliary data that enables the management information of the AV data to be restored when the power supply is interrupted due to a power failure during the recording and the recording of the AV data is not completed normally. .

  The control unit 103 performs control to record the management information and the restoration data of the AV data in the recording unit 102. The management information includes information on AV data such as data size, I picture size, number of frames, and audio attribute information of AV data based on parameters from the encoding unit 101, as well as program title name, broadcast date and time information, broadcast channel information, and program information. Includes information about program content such as genre information. The recovery data is composed of various parameters required for creating management information. Writing of the management information to the recording unit 102 is performed when the power is turned off, when the storage medium is taken out, or when the recording ends.

  The recording unit 102 includes a recording position information generation unit 104, a previous restoration data position information generation unit 105, a subsequent restoration data position information generation unit 106, a difference information generation unit 107, a restoration data division unit 108, an interleave unit 109, an end flag. It has a recording unit 110. The recording unit 102 configures restoration data by means of 104 to 110 and controls writing to a disk or the like.

  The recording position information generating means 104 generates recording position information of the recorded AV data and the recovered data. The previous restoration data position information generating means 105 generates recording position information of the restoration data recorded immediately before. The subsequent recovery data position information generating means 106 generates the subsequent recovery data position information. The difference information generating means 107 generates difference information from previously recorded restoration data. The restoration data dividing unit 108 divides the restoration data into at least two pieces of data. The interleaver 109 records the AV data and the recovery data while interleaving. The end flag recording unit 110 generates an end flag in an OFF state when newly recording AV data, and turns an ON state when all information such as AV data and file management information is recorded by the recording unit 102. Generate an end flag for The generated end flag is recorded in a memory (for example, a flash memory) provided in the device. This end flag indicates that the data recording on the recording medium (HDD, disk, etc.) has not been completed when the power supply is interrupted due to a power failure or the like, and that a recovery process is required using the recovery data. That is, when the power is turned on, the end flag is referred to as ON or OFF. If the end flag is OFF, it is determined that the data recording has not been normally completed, and the recovery process is performed using the recovery data. No processing is performed.

The control unit 103 has a recovery data creation unit 111. The restoration data creation unit 111 creates and acquires various parameters of the restoration data, and creates restoration data. The created data is written in the recording unit 102. The restoration data creation unit 111 includes a file management information creation unit 112, a reproduction time acquisition unit 113, an I picture address acquisition unit 114, a serial number creation unit 115, a time information creation unit 116, and an identification information creation unit 117.
The file management information generating means 112 generates file management information of the recorded AV data. The reproduction time acquisition unit 113 acquires information on the reproduction time of the recorded AV data. If the AV data is data compressed by the MPEG method, the I-picture address obtaining means 114 obtains the start address of the I-picture of the recorded AV data. The serial number generation unit 115 generates a serial number for each piece of restoration data position information or restoration data. The time information generating means 116 generates recovery data position information or time information in which the recovery data is recorded. The identification information generating means 117 generates identification information for distinguishing the recovered data from other recorded data.
Although FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the recovery data creation unit 111 having 112 to 117 and the recording unit 102 having each of the units 104 to 110, the recovery data creation unit 111 creates recovery data. If so, another configuration may be used. Further, not all of 112 to 117 but any means may be provided. Further, the recording unit 102 only needs to include at least the interleaving unit 109.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an image in which AV data and restoration data recorded by the recording unit 102 are arranged on a recording medium (a disk, an HDD, and the like; a disk will be described below). As shown in FIG. 2, the disc 201 has an area 202 for recording an AV data stream 205, an area 203 for recording a super block 206, and an area 204 for recording restoration data position information 207. An area 203 for recording a super block is provided, for example, in a lead-in area. An area 204 for recording the recovery data position information is provided near the recording area 203 of the super block. In the AV data stream recorded in the AV data recording area 202, AV data and restoration data are interleaved alternately. AV data sandwiched between two pieces of restoration data is called an AV data piece.
The restoration data includes a restoration data identifier 211, file management information 212, information 213 on reproduction time, an I picture head address 214, previous restoration data position information 215, next restoration data position information 216, and a serial number 217. At least one of them may be included.

  The recovery data identifier 211 is generated by the identification information generation unit 117 and is arranged at the head of the recovery data. When the restoration data position information 207 cannot be read, the restoration data can be found by detecting the restoration data identifier 211. The file management information 212 is generated by the file management information generation unit 112 and includes file and directory names, arrangement sector positions, data sizes, user names, access authority information, and the like. The information on the arrangement sector position includes information indicating the addresses of all the sectors used in the recording area 202 by the file. This file management information corresponds to file management information (also referred to as file attribute information) included in the super block. The information 213 on the reproduction time is generated by the reproduction time acquisition unit 113 and includes information on the reproduction time. The I picture head address 214 is generated by the I picture acquisition unit 114, and includes the head address information of all I pictures included in the AV data fragment. For simplicity, only the start address information of the first I picture may be used instead of all I pictures. The previous restoration data position information 215 is generated by the previous restoration data position information generation means 105 and includes the position information of the immediately preceding restoration data. The next restoration data position information 216 is generated by the later restoration data position information generating means 106 and includes the position information of the next restoration data. The serial number 217 is generated by the serial number generation means 115, and a serial number is given to the recovery data. As this serial number, a continuous serial number that is not duplicated is assigned to one recording medium.

The recording of the AV data stream will be described.
When the recording of the AV data stream is started, the end flag recorded in the flash memory of the device is turned off, and the first restoration data is created. The first restoration data is written from a selected position in the AV data recording area 202. Address information (indicated by using LBA or CHS) of the selected position is written in the area 204 as restoration data position information.
Next, an AV data piece is written, second recovery data is created, and written after the just written AV data piece.
When the recording of the last AV data piece is completed, the last recovery data is created and written after the last AV data piece.
Management information regarding the AV data is created, and the management information is recorded in the super block 203. Thereafter, the end flag is turned ON. This completes the recording of the AV data stream.
When reproducing normally recorded AV data, first, the area 203 in which the super block is written is accessed, management information on the AV data is read, and the recorded AV data is read based on the management information.

If the power supply is interrupted before the recording of the AV data stream is completed, for example, due to a power failure, the management information on the AV data ends without being recorded in the super block area 203. For example, it is assumed that the supply of power is interrupted at time Tx in FIG. After the interruption, when the power is restored, the recording device detects the end flag. Since the end flag remains OFF, it is detected that the recording of the AV data stream has not been completed. In this case, the user accesses the area 204, reads the recovery data position information, accesses the first recovery data, reads the recovery data, accesses the next recovery data, and reads the recovery data. In this way, all the recorded restoration data are read. In the case shown in FIG. 2, four pieces of restoration data can be read. Based on the read restoration data, management information for the AV data that has been recorded halfway is created and written to a super block. In this case, management information for the first three AV data pieces is created and written to the super block. Therefore, the first three AV data pieces can be reproduced.
By alternately interleaving and writing the AV data and the restoration data in this manner, the writing can be performed without causing a head seek caused by recording the restoration data during the recording of the AV data. Therefore, AV data and restoration data can be recorded in the recording area 202 without lowering the write bit rate due to head seek.

Next, the timing at which the restoration data is interleaved with the AV data will be described.
FIG. 3A shows a case where recovery data is interleaved every time AV data is recorded by a fixed data amount. For example, the recovery data is interleaved every time 256 MB of AV data is recorded. In this case, the recording position information generating means 104 of FIG. 1 generates the address information AD1 of the position where the recording of the first restoration data starts. This address information AD1 is written in the area 204 as the recovery data position information 207. Since there is no recovery data at a position before the first recovery data, nothing is generated from the previous recovery data position information generation means 105. On the other hand, since the recovery data exists at the position after the head, the address information AD2 of the position where the recording of the second recovery data is started is generated. In this case, the following relationship is established.
AD2 = AD1 + C1
Here, C1 is a fixed value, for example, an address offset amount corresponding to an amount obtained by adding the size of the recovery data to 256 MB. It is assumed that the recovery data is also a fixed amount.
Generally, when the n-th recovery data is recorded, the recording position information generation means 104 generates an address ADn at which the n-th recovery data is recorded, and the previous recovery data position information generation means 105 generates n-1. An address AD (n-1) at which the nth recovery data is recorded is generated, and an address AD (n + 1) at which the (n + 1) th recovery data is recorded is generated at the subsequent recovery data position information generating means 106.

FIG. 3B shows a case where recovery data is interleaved every time AV data is recorded for a fixed time. For example, the recovery data is interleaved every time 30 seconds of AV data is recorded or every 900 frames of AV data is recorded. In this case, since the data amount of the AV data piece is not constant, the address information AD1 at the position where the recording of the first restoration data starts and the address information AD2 at the position where the recording of the second restoration data starts are: Therefore, it is possible to provide a buffer capable of holding at least one piece of AV data, acquire the data size of the piece of AV data, and generate post-restoration data position information.
FIG. 3C shows a case where recovery data is interleaved every time AV data is recorded in fixed AV data units. For example, the recovery data is interleaved every time 40 GOP AV data is recorded or every time a 40 frame intra picture is recorded. Also in this case, since the data amount of the AV data piece is not constant, it is necessary to provide a buffer capable of holding at least one AV data piece.
Further, based on the remaining amount of the temporary buffer for reading / writing AV data, the number of read / write requests in a waiting state for read / write processing, and the like, the timing at which read access or write access to the recording area 202 is less than a certain frequency (ie, The recovery data can be interleaved with the AV data at a timing when there is enough access to the recording area 202 and there is a margin for writing the recovery data into the recording area 202).
The recovery data is interleaved with the AV data at the above-described timing or a timing based on a combination of these, and is written to the recording area 202.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating the relationship between each piece of restoration data and the corresponding AV data. As the number of pieces of AV data increases and the amount of recorded AV data increases, the amount of restoration data necessary for restoring the entire AV data up to the point of recording also increases. For example, since the number of I-pictures increases, the information of the I-picture start address also increases. Further, since the number of sectors to be used is increased, the file management information including the arrangement sector position information is also increased.
FIG. 4A shows a case where restoration data necessary for restoring all pieces of AV data recorded since the file was opened is written. Therefore, in the case of FIG. 4A, as the recording time of the AV data becomes longer, the amount of data to be written in one piece of recovery data gradually increases.
On the other hand, FIG. 4B shows a case where restoration data (that is, data of only a difference) necessary for restoring the immediately preceding AV data piece is written. In FIG. 4B, the restoration data necessary to restore only the immediately preceding piece of AV data is written, so that the amount of data to be written in one piece of restoration data is constant or almost irrespective of the recording time of the AV data. It is constant.
FIG. 4B can reduce the information amount of the recovery data as compared with FIG. However, in the case of FIG. 4A, all the AV data pieces can be recovered only by the last recovery data, whereas in the case of FIG. 4B, the first recovery data to the last recovery data are restored. All can be collected and all AV data pieces can be restored.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, if the information amount of the restoration data is reduced, the size of the buffer memory for storing the AV data can be reduced while the restoration data is being recorded. I can do it.

  When the recovery data does not include the next recovery data position information 216 but includes the previous recovery data position information 215, all the recovery data is collected by collecting the previous recovery data from the latest recovery data position information in order. Data can be obtained. In this case, the position information of the latest restoration data may be recorded in the area 204 as the restoration data position information.

  When the recovery data does not include the previous recovery data position information 215 but includes the next recovery data position information 216, all the recovery data is collected by sequentially collecting the recovery data one position after the position information of the first recovery data. Data can be obtained. In this case, the position information of the first restoration data may be recorded in the area 204 as the restoration data position information.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining restoration data position information.

  FIG. 5A shows an example of a case where recovery data position information is recorded in the area 204. The area 204 is provided, for example, in the first 4-byte area of the lead-in area, the outermost circumference or the innermost circumference of the disc. The area 204 is different from the data content recorded in the recording area 202 and is an area that can be uniquely specified and read / written. The restoration data position information 207 is, for example, sector position information such as an LBA (Logical Block Addressing) or a CHS (Cylinder Head Sector) indicating the position where the restoration data is located. Any information other than LBA and CHS may be used as long as the information can uniquely specify the location.

In the example shown in FIG. 5A, a plurality of banks, for example, bank 1, bank 2, and bank 3 are provided in the area 204. When recording the first AV data stream (for example, a movie), the position information where the first restoration data of the AV data stream is recorded is recorded in the bank 1 in, for example, the LBA format. Further, in this example, the serial number of the first restoration data is also recorded. The serial number may be omitted. When recording the second AV data stream (for example, baseball broadcast), the position information of the first restoration data of the AV stream is recorded using the bank 2. When recording the third AV data stream (for example, a news program), the position information of the first restoration data of the AV stream is recorded using the bank 3. When recording the fourth AV data stream (for example, a golf relay), the position information of the first restoration data of the AV stream is recorded using the bank 1.
The number of banks may be one. However, by providing a plurality of banks, for example, bank 1, bank 2, and bank 3, the plurality of banks can be used by sequentially overwriting the recovery data position information. As a result, the number of rewrites per bank of the area 204 can be reduced. Therefore, in the case of a recording medium such as an optical disk or a flash memory in which the number of times of rewriting is limited at one location, the number of times of rewriting of the entire recording medium can be increased. By adding a serial number to the recovery data position information, it is possible to determine the latest recovery data from a plurality of banks. Time information may be added instead of the serial number.

  Also, by setting the recovery data position information to be sequentially recorded in a plurality of banks, even if writing fails due to power supply cutoff during rewriting of the recovery data position information, the recovery data position information is written earlier. The restoration can be performed using the restored data position information.

  FIG. 5B shows an example in which restoration data position information is held as a file. In addition to recording in the predetermined specific area 204 as described above, the recovery data position information is held in a file having a predetermined specific name. When there are a plurality of files holding the restoration data, the latest file can be determined from the plurality of files by adding a serial number or time information to the file name or the restoration data.

  Even without the recovery data location information, the recovery data can be found using the identification information of the recovery data. That is, since the head of the recovery data has the identification information of the bit pattern that does not exist in the AV data, the recovery data can be determined by searching this identification information.

As described above, when the identification information is recorded in the restoration data, the position information of the restoration data may not be recorded on the disc. When the AV data is MPEG data, it can be seen from the MPEG header information that the AV data is recorded. Thus, it can be easily recognized whether AV data is recorded. For this reason, by recording identification information different from the AV data in the recovery data, it is possible to search for the recovery data after recognizing that the AV data is recorded, and to combine the data other than the AV data with the recovery data. Can be more reliably distinguished.
Note that a serial number or time information may be used to indicate the latest restoration data. In this case, it is found that the restoration data having the largest serial number or the latest time information is the latest data. For this reason, even if a plurality of pieces of recovery data are detected on the disk, the latest recovery data can be detected.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 3A, when the AV data and the restoration data are interleaved alternately with a predetermined fixed length size (byte number, sector number, block number, etc.), the identification information is not present. Also, the arrangement position of the next restoration data can be determined.

  Also, the recovery data has the start position information of the next recovery data (such as LBA or CHS or byte or sector offset information). In this case, after the size of the AV data piece to be written next is determined, the writing of the restoration data is followed by writing of the AV data piece of that size.

  The restoration data includes position information of the recording area 202 of the AV data being recorded. For example, this position information is sector position information such as LBA and CHS information where the AV data is located. By including the position information of the AV data in the restoration data, it is possible to restore the AV data arrangement position information of the file system when performing the restoration process after the power supply is cut off.

  Since the AV data and the restoration data are interleaved and recorded, in the present invention, the file management information for the AV data recorded up to the position of the latest restoration data can be restored. In the case where AV data is recorded on a disk in which free areas are dispersed, according to the present invention, the location information of the previously recorded AV data is recorded in the recovery data to determine where in the dispersed free areas the data is recorded. Understand, you can recover using the recovery data.

  The restoration data includes file management information of the AV data being recorded. This makes it possible to restore the file management information of the file system before the power supply was cut off.

  Generally, when a new file is created and data is written, an area for recording the data is secured in advance. For this purpose, the file system updates the bitmap for managing the free space, and adds information of a new file to the file management information. At this time, the changed file management information is temporarily stored in the cache. However, if the power supply is interrupted before the contents held in the cache are written to the disk, the file management information on the cache is lost. According to the present invention, since the AV data and the restoration data are recorded while interleaving, the file management information can be restored using the restoration data interleaved with the AV data.

  Further, the restoration data may include information on the reproduction time of the AV data. The information on the reproduction time includes a time table in which the reproduction time is associated with the GOP data size of the AV data, the I picture data size, the number of frames, the audio attribute information, and the like. By using the time table, special reproduction (fast rewind, fast forward, reproduction of a frame of a designated time, etc.) becomes possible. The information on the reproduction time can be reconstructed by analyzing the AV data at the time of the recovery processing, but it takes time to analyze the AV data. Therefore, by recording the information about the reproduction time as a part of the restoration data, it is possible to acquire the information about the reproduction time without analyzing the AV data in the restoration processing, and to shorten the time required for the restoration processing. can do.

  Further, the restoration data includes the head address of the I picture of the AV data. The head address of an I picture is not limited to information represented by LBA or CHS, but can be represented by a byte offset from the head of a file of AV data or a fixed byte offset such as a sector block. The head address of the I picture can be reconstructed by analyzing the AV data at the time of restoration processing, but the analysis of the AV data takes time. Therefore, by recording the head address of the I picture as the recovery data, the head address of the I picture can be obtained without analyzing the AV data in the recovery processing, and the time required for the recovery processing is reduced. be able to.

  The GOP data size, I picture data size, number of frames, and audio attribute information are generated in real time when the encoder unit 101 generates AV data. For this reason, if such information is recorded as a part of the recovery data while interleaving it with the AV data, the relationship between the information and the AV data is maintained, and the recovery can be performed efficiently.

  Subsequently, a flowchart of the recording process shown in FIG. 6 will be described.

  This recording method includes a restoration data creation step 401, a recording position information generation step 408, a previous restoration data position information generation step 409, a subsequent restoration data position information generation step 410, a difference information generation step 411, a restoration data division step 412, An interleaving step 413 is provided.

In the recovery data creation step 401, various parameters of the recovery data are generated to configure the recovery data. The restoration data creation step 401 includes a file management information creation step 402, a reproduction time acquisition step 403, an I picture address acquisition step 404, a serial number creation step 405, a time information creation step 406, and an identification information creation step 407.
The file management information generation step 402 generates file management information of the recorded AV data. The reproduction time obtaining step 403 obtains information on the reproduction time of the recorded AV data. The I picture address obtaining step 404 obtains the start address of the I picture of the recorded AV data when the AV data is data compressed by the MPEG method. The serial number generation step 405 assigns a serial number to each of the recovery data position information and the recovery data. The time information generating step 406 generates time information in which the recovered data position information or the recovered data is recorded. The identification information generation step 407 generates identification information for distinguishing the recovered data from other recorded data.

The recording position information generation step 408 generates recording position information of the recorded AV data and the recovery data. The previous recovery data position information generation step 409 generates recording position information of the recovery data recorded immediately before. The subsequent recovery data location information generation step 410 generates subsequent recovery data location information. The difference information generation step 411 generates difference information from previously recorded restoration data (for example, head address information of an I picture that exists only in the current AV data piece among all the recorded AV data pieces). . The restoration data dividing step 412 divides the restoration data into at least two or more data. The interleave step 413 records the AV data and the recovery data while interleaving.
In FIG. 6, the restoration data creation step 401 may be at least any one of steps 402 to 407. Also, in each of the steps 408 to 413, it is sufficient that at least the interleave step 413 is provided.

Although the present embodiment has been described using a configuration in which an input AV signal is compression-encoded in the encoding unit 101, a case where an already compressed and encoded AV signal is recorded as it is, such as in BS digital broadcasting, etc. In the encoding unit 101, only the parameters are extracted from the input AV signal without compressing and encoding the input AV signal. Also in this case, the effects of the present invention can be obtained similarly.
Next, a description will be given of a flow of processing in a case where recovery processing at the time of starting power supply is performed.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a restoration process required for reproduction. First, in an end flag determination step 701, it is determined with reference to the end flag whether or not the previous data recording process has been correctly completed. The end flag is OFF when the data recording process has not been properly completed, and is ON when the data recording process has been correctly completed. If the end flag is OFF, the process proceeds to the restoration data position information reading step 702. In the restoration data position information reading step 702, the restoration data position information recorded in the area 204 is read. The recovery data position information holds LBA and CHS indicating the position where the recovery data in the recording area 202 is recorded. Thereafter, in a recovery data reading step 703, the recovery data is read. Next, in the next restoration data position information reading step 704, the next restoration data position information is obtained. Next, in the recovery data end determination step 705, it is determined whether or not the next recovery data exists and whether or not there is recovery data to be read. At this time, the presence / absence of the next recovery data is determined, for example, when 0 is recorded in the acquired next recovery data position information, it is determined that the next recovery data does not exist. In step 705, when the next restoration data exists, the process proceeds to step 703 to read the next restoration data. When there is no next restoration data, the process proceeds to a file system restoration process step 706. In step 706, the file system is restored using the read restoration data. For example, by using the file management information in the recovery data, the file attribute information (the name of the file or directory, the location of the arranged sector, the data size, the user name, the access right information, etc.) ) Recovery. Thereafter, in a mount processing step 707, the file system is mounted on the recording medium. Next, in the AV data recovery processing step 708, recovery of AV data management information used in trick play (fast-forward, rewind, etc.) is performed using information on the reproduction time in the recovery data and the I picture start address. Do. If the end flag is ON in the end flag determination step 701, the previous recording has been completed normally, so the file system is mounted in the mount processing step 709 and the recovery processing sequence is performed without performing the recovery processing. finish.

If the area where the recovery data is recorded is registered in the disk management information as if it were a disk failure area, the area where the recovery data was recorded can be skipped during normal AV data reading other than during the recovery processing. AV data can be read continuously. FIG. 9A is an explanatory diagram in a case where the area where the recovery data is recorded is registered in the disk management information as a disk defective area. As shown in FIG. 9A, reading of AV data can be performed by skipping the recovery data by the same mechanism as the processing of skipping the unnecessary area of the disk.
In general, for efficient writing and reading, AV data is recorded in a continuous area of a certain size (for example, 256 MB) or more on a disc. Also, AV data is recorded only in an area in which the size and the number of defective disk areas included in the continuous area of a certain size are equal to or less than a certain number. The size of the continuous area used for recording the AV data at this time and the upper limit of the size and number of defective disk areas included in the continuous area are defined in the file system standard for recording AV data such as DVD and BD (Blu-ray Disc). Respectively. When the area where the recovery data is recorded is handled in the same way as the disk defective area, the size and number of the area where the recovery data is recorded are added to the size and number of the original disk defective area, and the file system standard defines it. AV data is recorded in an area satisfying the standard. As a result, even when recovery data is recorded, efficient writing and reading that satisfy the file system standard can be performed. FIGS. 9B and 9C show an example in which the file system standard specifies that the recording area of the AV data has less than three defective disk areas within a continuous section of N bytes. FIG. In FIG. 9B, since two disk failure areas and one piece of recovery data exist in a total of three N-byte sections, the condition of less than three file system standards is not satisfied. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9C, the AV data is recorded by shifting X bytes so that the total of the disk defective area and the area of the recovery data is less than three places within N bytes. FIG. 9C shows an example in which the recording area of the AV data is shifted by X bytes. However, when the total number of the disk defective area and the recovery data area is three or more in N bytes, the recovery data The condition can be satisfied by canceling the recording or delaying the recording timing of the recovery data.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a recording apparatus according to the second embodiment. The recording apparatus according to the second embodiment has a configuration including an encoding unit 501, a recording unit 502 for recording on a recording medium, a control unit 503, and a recording member, for example, a nonvolatile memory 504. The input AV signal includes at least one of audio data and video data.

  The encoding unit 501, the recording unit 502, and the control unit 503 are the same as in the first embodiment, and the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a nonvolatile memory 504 is provided.

  The recording unit 502 and the control unit 503 have the same configurations as those of the first embodiment described with reference to FIG. However, the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the restoration data position information generated by the recording position information generation means 104 of the recording unit 502 is passed to the control unit 503, and the control unit 503 The point is that the position information is recorded in the nonvolatile memory 504.

  The nonvolatile memory 504 holds the recovery data position information shown in FIG. The recovery data position information shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is the same as in the first embodiment. As described above, even when the restoration data position information is recorded in the non-volatile memory 504 instead of the recording medium, the effect of the present invention shown in the first embodiment can be similarly obtained.

  When the recovery data position information is recorded in the non-volatile memory 504 instead of the recording medium, the recovery data position information in the non-volatile memory 504 is updated every time the recovery data is updated during the recording of the AV data. Therefore, head seek of the recording medium does not occur. Therefore, the search for the restoration data at the time of the restoration processing can be realized at a higher speed than in the first embodiment without lowering the write bit rate of the AV data.

  The recording / reproducing method according to the present embodiment has the same procedure as that of the first embodiment described with reference to FIGS. However, the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the recovery data position information generated in the recording position information generation step 408 is instructed to be recorded in the nonvolatile memory 504. The restored data position information read in the restored data position information reading step 702 is a point read from the nonvolatile memory 504.

  Also, there is a general AV device in which restoration data is recorded in a non-volatile memory without being recorded on a disk. If the restoration data is recorded on the disc and the recording position information of the restoration data is recorded on the non-volatile memory, the required size of the non-volatile memory can be reduced, so that the cost of the AV equipment can be reduced.

  Furthermore, if the recording unit 502 and the non-volatile memory 504 are made detachable from the main body of the recording apparatus, it is possible to perform the recovery processing by another device having a recovery processing function. In particular, in the case of a movie, even if the main body of the movie becomes inoperable due to running out of battery or equipment damage during recording, the recording unit 502 and the non-volatile memory 504 are removed from the main body of the movie, and the detached recording unit 502 and the non-volatile memory 504 are separated. If the device is mounted on another device, the data can be restored to a reproducible state by another device. The contents of the recovery data are the same as the contents described in the first embodiment.

  Although the present embodiment has been described using a configuration in which an input AV signal is compression-encoded in the encoding unit 501, a case where an already compressed and encoded AV signal is recorded as it is, as in BS digital broadcasting, is described. The encoding unit 501 only extracts parameters from the input AV signal without compression-coding the input AV signal. Also in this case, the effects of the present invention can be obtained similarly.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The recording apparatus and recording method according to the present invention can be used in the field of recording various data in addition to audio and video.

1 is a block diagram of a recording apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a data arrangement on a recording medium according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Explanatory diagram of interleaving arrangement between AV data and restoration data according to the first embodiment of the present invention Explanatory diagram of interleaving arrangement between AV data and restoration data according to the first embodiment of the present invention FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a restoration data arrangement position in the first embodiment of the present invention. Flow chart of recording processing according to the first embodiment of the present invention Flow chart of recovery processing required for reproduction in the first embodiment of the present invention Block diagram of a recording apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention Explanatory diagram explaining the operation of the present invention

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Encoding part 102 Recording part 103 Control part 104 Recording position information generation means 105 Previous restoration data position information generation means 106 Subsequent restoration data position information generation means 107 Difference information generation means 108 Restoration data division means 109 Interleave means 110 End flag recording Means 111 Recovery data creation means 112 File management information creation means 113 Playback time acquisition means 114 I picture address acquisition means 115 Serial number creation means 116 Time information creation means 117 Identification information creation means 401 Recovery data creation step 402 File management information creation step 403 Reproduction time acquisition step 404 I picture address acquisition step 405 Serial number generation step 406 Time information generation step 407 Identification information generation step 408 Recording position information Report generation step 409 Previous recovery data position information generation step 410 Subsequent recovery data position information generation step 411 Difference information generation step 412 Recovery data division step 413 Interleave step 501 Recording unit 502 Recording unit 503 Control unit 504 Non-volatile memory

Claims (42)

AV data including at least one of audio data and video data, and restoration data for restoring management information of the AV data when recording of the AV data is not completed normally, is recorded on a recording medium. Device for performing
Means for generating recovery data for each fixed or fluctuating period;
Means for generating AV data;
A recording apparatus, comprising recording means for recording the restoration data while interleaving the AV data when recording the AV data.   2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data includes recording position information of the recorded AV data.   2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data includes file management information of the recorded AV data.   2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data includes information on a reproduction time of the recorded AV data.   2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the AV data is data compressed by an MPEG method, and the restoration data includes a head address of an I picture of the recorded AV data.   2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data includes a serial number or time information.   The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data includes recording position information of previously recorded restoration data.   The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data includes difference information from previously recorded restoration data.   The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data includes information obtained from previously recorded restoration data.   2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data includes next restoration data position information.   2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data includes identification information for identifying the restoration data.   2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data is interleaved for each predetermined size of the AV data.   2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data is interleaved every time the AV data is recorded for a predetermined time.   The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the restoration data is interleaved every time the AV data is recorded in a predetermined unit.   2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for storing restoration data position information indicating an address of the restoration data at a predetermined location.   16. The recording apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the predetermined location is a location provided on the recording medium.   17. The recording apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the location provided on the recording medium is a specific position on the recording medium, and has one or a plurality of banks.   17. The recording apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the location provided on the recording medium is one or more predetermined files existing on the recording medium.   16. The recording apparatus according to claim 15, wherein a recording member different from the recording medium is provided, and the predetermined location is a location provided on the recording member.   20. The recording apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the recording member is provided so as to be removable.   16. The recording apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the restoration data position information includes a serial number or time information of the restoration data. AV data including at least one of audio data and video data, and restoration data for restoring management information of the AV data when recording of the AV data is not completed normally, is recorded on a recording medium. A way to
Generate recovery data for each fixed or fluctuating period,
Generate AV data,
A recording method, wherein the recovery data is recorded while interleaving the AV data when recording the AV data.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data includes recording position information of the recorded AV data.   The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data includes file management information of the recorded AV data.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data includes information on a reproduction time of the recorded AV data.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the AV data is data compressed by an MPEG method, and the restoration data includes a head address of an I picture of the recorded AV data.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data includes a serial number or time information.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data includes recording position information of previously recorded restoration data.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data includes difference information from previously recorded restoration data.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data includes information obtained from previously recorded restoration data.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data includes next restoration data position information.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data includes identification information for identifying the restoration data.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data is interleaved for each predetermined size of the AV data.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data is interleaved every time the AV data is recorded for a predetermined time.   23. The recording apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the restoration data is interleaved every time the AV data is recorded in a predetermined unit.   23. The recording method according to claim 22, wherein restoration data position information indicating an address of the restoration data is stored in a predetermined location.   The recording method according to claim 36, wherein the predetermined location is a location provided on the recording medium.   The recording method according to claim 37, wherein the location provided on the recording medium is a specific position on the recording medium, and is one or a plurality of banks.   The recording method according to claim 37, wherein the location provided on the recording medium is one or more predetermined files existing on the recording medium.   37. The recording apparatus according to claim 36, wherein the predetermined location is a location provided on a recording member different from the recording medium.   The recording method according to claim 40, wherein the recording member is provided so as to be removable.   37. The recording apparatus according to claim 36, wherein the recovery data position information includes a serial number or time information of the recovery data.

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