JP2004176798A - Liquefied gas container - Google Patents

Liquefied gas container Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004176798A
JP2004176798A JP2002342845A JP2002342845A JP2004176798A JP 2004176798 A JP2004176798 A JP 2004176798A JP 2002342845 A JP2002342845 A JP 2002342845A JP 2002342845 A JP2002342845 A JP 2002342845A JP 2004176798 A JP2004176798 A JP 2004176798A
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Prior art keywords
liquefied gas
heat insulating
container
resistant material
gas container
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masateru Irie
政輝 入江
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Individual
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a container for storing a liquefied gas which can withstand shocks and vibrations even under an extremely low temperature and also has high thermal insulation effects. <P>SOLUTION: A heat insulating layer 3 is formed by winding a tubular or planar cold resistant material with a constitution that a cavity part is formed inside and the inside of the cavity part is vacuum or sealed with dry air. The heat insulating layer 3 is provided between an inner vessel 1 to store the liquefied gas and an outer vessel 2 to be exposed to the outside air in the liquefied gas container. Materials such as polyester elastomers, polyamide elastomers, and silicone rubber or a material which is formed by mixing carbon particles to the above materials can be used for the cold resistant material. By this constitution, the vacuum parts or the dry air in multiple layers have thermal insulation action and also the cold resistant material becomes a shock absorbing material. As a result, the liquefied gas container can withstand the shocks and the vibrations. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、液化ガスを外気と遮断した状態でかつ外部からの衝撃に耐える構造で貯蔵する液化ガス容器に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
液化ガスとしては、液体水素（１ａｔｍにおける沸点−２５３℃）、液化天然ガス（ＬＮＧ、１ａｔｍにおける沸点−１６２℃）、液体窒素（１ａｔｍにおける沸点−１９６℃）、液体酸素（１ａｔｍにおける沸点−１８３℃）、液体空気（１ａｔｍにおける沸点−１９４℃）、液化プロパンガス（１ａｔｍにおける沸点−４２℃）などがある。
【０００３】
これらの液化ガスを収納する断熱容器としては、図４に示すように、内容器２１と外容器２２の間の空隙２３を真空にして、外気温（３０〜４０℃）が内容器２１に伝熱されないようにする、いわゆる魔法瓶タイプの断熱容器２０が考えられる。しかしこの魔法瓶タイプは、基本的には内容器２１が外容器２２から浮いているので、外部からの衝撃や振動に弱く、車載の容器として用いる場合には不向きであるという欠点があった。
【０００４】
特開平１０−１４１５９６号公報（特許文献１）には、図５に示すように、低温の液化ガス３１を貯留する貯槽３２の外側をポリウレタンフォームなどの発泡性断熱材３３で覆い、その外側を真空容器３４で包囲した低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク３０が開示されている。このように、貯槽３２と真空容器３４の間を発泡性断熱材３３で充填することにより、衝撃や振動に耐える断熱容器が得られる。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特開平１０−１４１５９６号公報
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特許文献１に記載された低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク３０においては、１ａｔｍにおける沸点が−２５３℃である水素ガスを貯槽３２に収容するものでは発泡性断熱材３３が固化するため、低温の液化ガスを貯める容器としては不適当であり、衝撃や振動には耐え難くなってしまうという問題があった。
【０００７】
本発明は、極低温下においても、衝撃や振動に耐えることができ、断熱効果も高い液化ガスを貯める容器を提供することを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の液化ガス容器は、液化ガスが収納される内容器と外気に曝される外容器の間に、内部に空洞部が形成されその空洞部内が真空または乾燥空気が封入された構成のチューブ状または面状の耐寒性材料を巻き付けて形成した断熱層を設けたものである。
【０００９】
この発明では、内容器と外容器の間の断熱層を、内部に空洞部が形成されその空洞部内が真空または乾燥空気が封入された構成のチューブ状または面状の耐寒性材料を巻き付けて形成したことにより、幾層にもなっている真空部ないし乾燥空気が断熱作用を有し、また耐寒性材料が緩衝材となるため、衝撃や振動に耐える作用を有する。
【００１０】
耐寒性材料としては、ポリエステルエラストマー、ポリアミドエラストマー、シリコーンゴムの中から選ばれた一つあるいはそれに耐寒性を増すためにカーボン粒子を混合した材料を用いることができる。
また、耐寒性材料の空洞部を、所定の大きさで閉鎖された多数のセル内に形成することにより、一つのセルが外力で破損しても、残りのセルによる断熱作用、緩衝作用が保持される。
【００１１】
更に、内容器を、複数の球状の容器が管状部で連通された構造とすることにより、耐圧を高くし、自動車のトランクなどに収容できる細長い液化ガス容器を作ることができる。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図１〜図３を用いて説明する。
【００１３】
＜第１実施形態＞
図１は本発明の第１実施形態を示す一部切欠断面図である。この第１実施形態の液化ガス容器１０は、内容器１の周囲に、図２（ａ）に示すような中空のチューブ４を幾重にも巻き付けて断熱層３を形成し、その外側に外容器２を被せた構造である。図中７はチューブ４を巻始めるための巻芯、８はバルブを示す。
【００１４】
内容器１と外容器２はステンレス鋼等の高強度、耐食性の材質とする。断熱層３を形成する中空のチューブ４は、極低温でも固化しない耐寒性プラスチック、例えばポリエステルエラストマー、ポリアミドエラストマー、シリコーンゴム、あるいはそれに耐寒性を増すためにカーボン粒子を混合した材料を用いる。
【００１５】
チューブ４内は真空（減圧状態）とするか、乾燥空気を封入する。乾燥空気とは、水分を９９．９％以上除去した乾燥空気である。これは、極低温でチューブ４内の空気に含まれる水分が凍ってチューブ４が収縮しないようにするためである。
【００１６】
なお、チューブ４としては、全長にわたって空間が連通している図２（ａ）に示すような構成のほかに、図２（ｂ）に示すように、所定間隔でチューブを熱などで融着して空気のセルを形成した構成でもよい。
【００１７】
また、チューブ４の代わりに、図２（ｃ）に示すように、２枚のシートの間に乾燥空気を入れた状態で格子状の部分を融着して２次元的な乾燥空気のセルを形成した断熱シート５、または図２（ｄ）に示すように、２枚のシートの一方に多数の凸部を形成して融着した断熱シート６を用いて、内容器１の周囲を包むようにして断熱層３を形成することもできる。
チューブ４と断熱シート５または６を組み合わせて断熱層３を形成することもできる。
【００１８】
このようにして、内部が真空状態または乾燥空気が封入されたチューブ４または断熱シート５、６により断熱層３を形成したことにより、極低温下においても、衝撃や振動に耐えることができ、断熱効果も高い液化ガス容器が得られる。
【００１９】
＜第２実施形態＞
図３は本発明の第２実施形態を示す断面図である。この第２実施形態の液化ガス容器１１は、球状の複数の容器が管状部１２ａで連結された内容器１２の外周に、図２に示したチューブ４（または断熱シート５、６）を巻き付けて断熱層１３を形成し、その外側を外容器１４で覆ったものである。なお、管状部１２ａの部分は、強度を上げるために二重管１２ｂとするとよい。
【００２０】
図１の構造の液化ガス容器を長い構造とすると、中央部に圧力が集中して高圧に耐えにくく、細長い構造にしにくいが、球状の容器を連結することで、見かけ上長い液化ガス容器を作ることができる。
【００２１】
このように細長い形状にして容量を大きくすることで、自動車のトランクに収納することができる。
【００２２】
なお、将来の、水素を燃料とする自動車に適用するには、複数の液化ガス容器を車に積む場合、複数の液化ガス容器を均圧器で連結し、外部に供給する構成とする。
【００２３】
【発明の効果】
上述したように、本発明によれば、内容器と外容器の間の断熱層を、内部に空洞部が形成されその空洞部内が真空または乾燥空気が封入された構成のチューブ状または面状の耐寒性材料を巻き付けて形成したことにより、幾層にもなっている乾燥空気が断熱作用を有し、また耐寒性材料が緩衝材となるため、衝撃や振動に耐える作用を有することにより、極低温下においても、衝撃や振動に耐えることができ、断熱効果も高い液化ガス容器を得ることができる。
【００２４】
耐寒性材料の空洞部を、所定の大きさで閉鎖された多数のセル内に形成することにより、一つのセルが外力で破損しても、残りのセルによる断熱作用、緩衝作用が保持される。
【００２５】
更に、内容器を、複数の球状の容器が管状部で連通された構造とすることにより、耐圧を高くし、自動車のトランクなどに収容できる細長い液化ガス容器を作ることができ、ガス容器を複数利用する際の設置スペースを小さくすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１実施形態の構造を示す一部切欠断面図である。
【図２】本発明の第１実施形態の断熱層を構成するチューブおよび断熱シートを示す図である。
【図３】本発明の第２実施形態の構造を示す断面図である。
【図４】従来の魔法瓶タイプの断熱容器を示す断面図である。
【図５】従来の発泡性断熱材を用いた断熱容器を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 内容器
２ 外容器
３ 断熱層
４ チューブ
５，６ 断熱シート
７ 巻芯
８ バルブ
１０，１１ 液化ガス容器
１２ 内容器
１２ａ 管状部
１２ｂ 二重管
１３ 断熱層
１４ 外容器[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquefied gas container that stores a liquefied gas in a state in which the liquefied gas is shielded from the outside air and has a structure that can withstand an external impact.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Examples of the liquefied gas include liquid hydrogen (boiling point at 1 atm -253 ° C), liquefied natural gas (LNG, boiling point at -atm -162 ° C), liquid nitrogen (boiling point at -atm -196 ° C), and liquid oxygen (boiling point at 1atm -183 ° C). ), Liquid air (boiling point at 1 atm -194 ° C.), liquefied propane gas (boiling point at 1 atm -42 ° C.), and the like.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 4, as a heat insulating container for storing these liquefied gases, the space 23 between the inner container 21 and the outer container 22 is evacuated so that the outside air temperature (30 to 40 ° C.) is transmitted to the inner container 21. A so-called thermos-type insulated container 20 for preventing heat is conceivable. However, this thermos bottle type has a drawback that the inner container 21 is basically floated from the outer container 22 and thus is susceptible to external shocks and vibrations, and is not suitable for use as a container mounted on a vehicle.
[0004]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-141596 (Patent Document 1) discloses that, as shown in FIG. 5, the outside of a storage tank 32 for storing a low-temperature liquefied gas 31 is covered with a foaming heat insulating material 33 such as polyurethane foam, and the outside is covered. A low temperature liquefied gas storage tank 30 surrounded by a vacuum vessel 34 is disclosed. Thus, by filling the space between the storage tank 32 and the vacuum container 34 with the foamable heat insulating material 33, a heat insulating container that can withstand shock and vibration can be obtained.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-141596 [0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank 30 described in Patent Document 1, when hydrogen gas having a boiling point of −253 ° C. at 1 atm is stored in the storage tank 32, the foamable heat insulating material 33 is solidified, and thus the low-temperature liquefaction is performed. It is unsuitable as a container for storing gas and has a problem that it becomes difficult to withstand shock and vibration.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a container for storing a liquefied gas that can withstand shock and vibration even at extremely low temperatures and has a high heat insulating effect.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The liquefied gas container of the present invention is a tube having a configuration in which a hollow portion is formed between an inner container in which a liquefied gas is stored and an outer container exposed to outside air, and a vacuum or dry air is sealed in the hollow portion. It is provided with a heat insulating layer formed by winding a cold-resistant material in the shape of a sheet or a sheet.
[0009]
According to the present invention, the heat-insulating layer between the inner container and the outer container is formed by winding a tubular or planar cold-resistant material having a configuration in which a cavity is formed and a vacuum or dry air is sealed in the cavity. As a result, the vacuum portion or dry air having a plurality of layers has a heat insulating effect, and the cold-resistant material serves as a cushioning material, and thus has an effect of withstanding shock and vibration.
[0010]
As the cold-resistant material, one selected from a polyester elastomer, a polyamide elastomer, and silicone rubber, or a material in which carbon particles are mixed to increase the cold resistance can be used.
In addition, by forming cavities of cold-resistant material in a large number of closed cells of a predetermined size, even if one cell is damaged by external force, the heat insulation and cushioning effect of the remaining cells is maintained. Is done.
[0011]
Further, by making the inner container a structure in which a plurality of spherical containers are communicated with each other by a tubular portion, it is possible to increase the pressure resistance and to make an elongated liquefied gas container that can be accommodated in a trunk of an automobile or the like.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0013]
<First embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In the liquefied gas container 10 according to the first embodiment, a heat insulating layer 3 is formed by winding a hollow tube 4 as shown in FIG. 2 is covered. In the figure, reference numeral 7 denotes a winding core for starting to wind the tube 4, and reference numeral 8 denotes a valve.
[0014]
The inner container 1 and the outer container 2 are made of a high-strength, corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel. The hollow tube 4 forming the heat insulating layer 3 is made of a cold-resistant plastic that does not solidify even at an extremely low temperature, for example, a polyester elastomer, a polyamide elastomer, a silicone rubber, or a material mixed with carbon particles to increase the cold resistance.
[0015]
The inside of the tube 4 is evacuated (in a reduced pressure state) or filled with dry air. The dry air is dry air from which 99.9% or more of water has been removed. This is to prevent the moisture contained in the air in the tube 4 from freezing at an extremely low temperature and prevent the tube 4 from shrinking.
[0016]
In addition, as the tube 4, in addition to the configuration shown in FIG. 2A in which the space communicates over the entire length, as shown in FIG. 2B, the tube is fused at predetermined intervals by heat or the like. Alternatively, a configuration in which an air cell is formed may be used.
[0017]
Also, instead of the tube 4, as shown in FIG. 2C, a grid-like portion is fused in a state where dry air is inserted between two sheets to form a two-dimensional dry air cell. As shown in FIG. 2 (d), the formed heat insulating sheet 5 is used to wrap around the inner container 1 by using a heat insulating sheet 6 formed by fusing a large number of convex portions on one of two sheets. The heat insulating layer 3 can also be formed.
The heat insulating layer 3 can be formed by combining the tube 4 and the heat insulating sheet 5 or 6.
[0018]
In this way, the heat insulating layer 3 is formed by the tube 4 or the heat insulating sheets 5 and 6 in which the inside is in a vacuum state or in which dry air is sealed. A liquefied gas container having a high effect can be obtained.
[0019]
<Second embodiment>
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In the liquefied gas container 11 of the second embodiment, the tube 4 (or the heat insulating sheets 5, 6) shown in FIG. 2 is wound around the inner periphery of the inner container 12 in which a plurality of spherical containers are connected by the tubular portion 12a. The heat insulating layer 13 is formed, and the outside is covered with an outer container 14. Note that the tubular portion 12a may be a double tube 12b in order to increase strength.
[0020]
If the liquefied gas container having the structure shown in FIG. 1 has a long structure, the pressure is concentrated at the central portion and it is difficult to withstand high pressure, and it is difficult to form a long and thin structure. be able to.
[0021]
By increasing the capacity in such an elongated shape, it can be stored in the trunk of an automobile.
[0022]
In addition, in order to apply to a future car using hydrogen as a fuel, when a plurality of liquefied gas containers are loaded on a vehicle, the plurality of liquefied gas containers are connected by an equalizer and supplied to the outside.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the heat-insulating layer between the inner container and the outer container is formed into a tubular or planar shape having a configuration in which a cavity is formed therein and the cavity is filled with vacuum or dry air. By forming the cold-resistant material by winding it, the dry air in multiple layers has a heat insulating effect, and the cold-resistant material serves as a cushioning material. A liquefied gas container that can withstand shock and vibration even at low temperatures and has a high heat insulating effect can be obtained.
[0024]
By forming cavities of the cold-resistant material in a large number of closed cells of a predetermined size, even if one cell is damaged by external force, the heat insulation and cushioning effects of the remaining cells are maintained. .
[0025]
Furthermore, by making the inner container a structure in which a plurality of spherical containers are communicated with a tubular portion, the pressure resistance can be increased and an elongated liquefied gas container that can be accommodated in a trunk of an automobile can be made. Installation space for use can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a tube and a heat insulating sheet constituting a heat insulating layer according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional thermos type heat insulating container.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional heat insulating container using a foamable heat insulating material.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 inner container 2 outer container 3 heat insulating layer 4 tubes 5, 6 heat insulating sheet 7 core 8 valve 10, 11 liquefied gas container 12 inner container 12a tubular portion 12b double tube 13 heat insulating layer 14 outer container

Claims (5)

液化ガスが収納される内容器と外気に曝される外容器の間に、内部に空洞部が形成されその空洞部内が真空または乾燥空気が封入された構成のチューブ状または面状の耐寒性材料を巻き付けて形成した断熱層を設けたことを特徴とする液化ガス容器。A tube-shaped or planar cold-resistant material having a configuration in which a cavity is formed between the inner container in which the liquefied gas is stored and the outer container exposed to the outside air, and the cavity is filled with vacuum or dry air. A liquefied gas container provided with a heat insulating layer formed by winding the liquefied gas. 前記耐寒性材料は、ポリエステルエラストマー、ポリアミドエラストマー、シリコーンゴムの中から選ばれた一つである請求項１記載の液化ガス容器。The liquefied gas container according to claim 1, wherein the cold-resistant material is one selected from a polyester elastomer, a polyamide elastomer, and silicone rubber. 前記耐寒性材料に、カーボン粒子を混合したことを特徴とする請求項２記載の液化ガス容器。The liquefied gas container according to claim 2, wherein carbon particles are mixed with the cold-resistant material. 前記耐寒性材料の空洞部は、所定の大きさで閉鎖された多数のセル内に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれかの項に記載の液化ガス容器。The liquefied gas container according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cavity portion of the cold-resistant material is formed in a large number of cells closed with a predetermined size. 前記内容器は、複数の球状の容器が管状部で連通された構造を有している請求項１から４のいずれかの項に記載の液化ガス容器。The liquefied gas container according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner container has a structure in which a plurality of spherical containers are connected by a tubular portion.
JP2002342845A 2002-11-26 2002-11-26 Liquefied gas container Pending JP2004176798A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007016968A (en) * 2005-07-11 2007-01-25 Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The Open rack type carburetor
JP2008122326A (en) * 2006-11-15 2008-05-29 Jeol Ltd Scanning probe microscope
WO2014054251A1 (en) * 2012-10-05 2014-04-10 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Pressure vessel and production method therefor
RU2649725C1 (en) * 2016-12-28 2018-04-04 Российская Федерация, От Имени Которой Выступает Министерство Промышленности И Торговли Российской Федерации Liquefied gas storage tank
WO2023135830A1 (en) * 2022-01-11 2023-07-20 株式会社Space Walker Method for manufactureing liquified gas container and liquified gas container

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007016968A (en) * 2005-07-11 2007-01-25 Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The Open rack type carburetor
JP2008122326A (en) * 2006-11-15 2008-05-29 Jeol Ltd Scanning probe microscope
WO2014054251A1 (en) * 2012-10-05 2014-04-10 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Pressure vessel and production method therefor
CN104662355A (en) * 2012-10-05 2015-05-27 丰田自动车株式会社 Pressure vessel and production method therefor
US9464758B2 (en) 2012-10-05 2016-10-11 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Pressure vessel and production method thereof
RU2649725C1 (en) * 2016-12-28 2018-04-04 Российская Федерация, От Имени Которой Выступает Министерство Промышленности И Торговли Российской Федерации Liquefied gas storage tank
WO2023135830A1 (en) * 2022-01-11 2023-07-20 株式会社Space Walker Method for manufactureing liquified gas container and liquified gas container

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