JP2004176452A

JP2004176452A - Spreading method for tide preventive breakwater, and tide preventive breakwater

Info

Publication number: JP2004176452A
Application number: JP2002345537A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Shinkichi Tanigaki; 信吉谷垣; Masami Matsuura; 正己松浦; Akihiro Honda; 明弘本田; Shigetaka Hirai; 滋登平井; Atsushi Isoda; 厚志磯田
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date: 2002-11-28
Filing date: 2002-11-28
Publication date: 2004-06-24

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spreading method for a tide preventive breakwater for carrying out rapid spreading, and the tide preventive breakwater. <P>SOLUTION: In the spreading method for the tide preventive breakwater provided with a membrane structure 1 extending over the whole water depth in the depth direction of a channel and extending over the channel in the width direction, both ends of the membrane structure 1 positioned at the center part of the channel and put in the folded state in the water depth direction and in the longitudinal direction are spread to both banks of the channel and then spread in the depth direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、防潮・防波堤に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
図１１〜図１４に従来の防潮・防波堤の構成を示した。従来の防潮・防波堤では、海側と川側の境界位置において、川を挟んで左右両側で海に面して配置された防波堤３Ｒ、３Ｌは、川の両側で対峙する両端位置にそれぞれアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌを設け、同アンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌに端部を係止されてその間に延び、前記防波堤３Ｒ，３Ｌで入口を規制された水路を開閉する遮蔽体となる膜構造物１を設けている。
そしてこの膜構造物１は、図１３，図１４に示すように、軸剛性抵抗を受けるケーブルワイヤ１ｂを上下方向（水深方向）で互いに所定間隔離して複数本配置し、各ケーブルワイヤ１ｂを支持すべく複数の梁部材１ｃ（鉄鋼材、樹脂材等）をケーブルワイヤ１ｂの長手方向で所定間隔離した位置で水深方向に伸ばして各ケーブルワイヤ１ｂと直交させて設け、同ケーブルワイヤ１ｂと梁部材１ｃを係止させ、これにテフロン（登録商標）膜、アラミド繊維、ＦＲＰ等の材質で形成した膜部材１ａを海側より張り付く形に係止させ、テンション構造で構成している。
【０００３】
左右両側の防波堤３Ｒ，３Ｌで入口を規制した水路を閉塞したときには、図１１に示すように、港外側の水位上昇により、展張された膜構造物には図示矢印方向からの水圧を受ける。
その断面内の水圧に対しては、前記膜部材１ａで支持させ、その水圧により生ずる軸方向（水路幅方向）への引張力はケーブルワイヤ１ｂで受け、その引張力に対向させるべく反力（図中矢印）に対してはアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌにより支持する（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開２０００−２８２４３４号公報（第３頁、第１図）
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように構成された上記従来の防潮・防波堤は、締め切る部分が航路であることを考慮すると、なるべく最小限の時間で開閉できる構造であることが望まれている。その展張をスムーズに行う技術の開発が望まれている。
【０００６】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みて成されたものであり、迅速に展張を行うことができる防潮・防波堤の展張方法および防潮・防波堤を提供することを目的とする。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１に記載の発明は、水路の深さ方向全水深に亘って延びるとともに幅方向で前記水路間に亘って延びる膜構造物を備えた防潮・防波堤の展張方法において、水路中央部に位置し水深方向及び長手方向に畳まれた状態の膜構造物の両端を水路の両岸に展張させ、次いで深さ方向に展張することを特徴とする。
【０００８】
この発明においては、膜構造物を水路の一方の岸から他方の岸に展張するよりも、展張距離が半分で済むため、迅速に展張を行うことができる。
【０００９】
請求項２に記載の発明は、水路の深さ方向全水深に亘って延びるとともに幅方向で前記水路間に亘って延びる膜構造物を備えた防潮・防波堤の展張方法において、水路にせり出した状態と、水路から退いた状態とに位置することができる梁に、前記膜構造物が上端を固定され、かつ格納自在に設けられ、前記膜構造物を前記梁に格納した状態で該梁を水路にせり出させ、次いで膜構造物を水中に展張することを特徴とする。
【００１０】
この発明においては、梁を移動させることで、迅速に膜構造物を展張することができる。また、梁を移動させる際には膜構造物を梁に格納することで、水の抵抗を防ぐ。
梁を水路にせり出させるためには、例えば、梁の一端を岸にて回転自在に支持し、梁の他端側を岸側と水路側とに回動自在にすることが挙げられる。また、梁は、剛構造物、または、浮体を用いることが考えられる。剛構造物の場合には、ワイヤで吊っておくことで重量を支持することができる。
【００１１】
請求項３に記載の発明は、水路の深さ方向全水深に亘って延びるとともに幅方向で前記水路間に亘って延びる膜構造物を備えた防潮・防波堤において、水路にせり出した状態と、水路から退いた状態とに位置することができる梁を備え、該梁に、前記膜構造物が上端を固定され、かつ格納自在に設けられていることを特徴とする。
【００１２】
この発明においては、膜構造物を梁に格納した状態で梁を水路にせり出させ、次いで膜構造物を水中に展張する。このようにすることで、迅速に膜構造物を展張することができる。
梁を水路にせり出させるためには、例えば、梁の一端を岸にて回転自在に支持し、梁の他端側を岸側と水路側とに回動自在にすることが挙げられる。また、梁は、剛構造物、または、浮体を用いることが考えられる。剛構造物の場合には、ワイヤで吊っておくことで重量を支持することができる。
【００１３】
請求項４に記載の発明は、水路の深さ方向全水深に亘って延びるとともに幅方向で前記水路間に亘って延びる膜構造物を備えた防潮・防波堤の展張方法において、両端がそれぞれ梁に固定された膜構造物を、水底または水面において、前記膜構造物が略水平面を向いた状態のまま展張し、次いで前記両方の梁を略垂直姿勢とすることを特徴とする。
【００１４】
この発明によれば、膜構造物の両端には梁が設けられ、この梁を水路両岸に固定することで膜構造物を展張することができる。したがって膜構造物が備えるケーブルワイヤを逐一固定する必要が無く、迅速に展張できる。
【００１５】
請求項５に記載の発明は、水路の深さ方向全水深に亘って延びるとともに幅方向で前記水路間に亘って延びる膜構造物を備えた防潮・防波堤において、前記膜構造物は、梁と梁との間に張られ、該梁は、前記水路両岸に設けられた基礎に、前記水路に沿って一方向からの水圧により脱落可能に固定されていることを特徴とする。
【００１６】
この発明によれば、膜構造物の両端には梁が設けられ、この梁を水路両岸に固定することで膜構造物を展張することができる。したがって膜構造物が備えるケーブルワイヤを逐一固定する必要が無く、迅速に展張できる。
さらに、展張された膜構造物を挟んで一側（例えば港内）の水位が高くなった場合、水圧により膜構造物が基礎から脱落するから、港内の水を港外へ逃がすことができる。
【００１７】
請求項６に記載の発明は、水路の深さ方向全水深に亘って延びるとともに幅方向で前記水路間に亘って延びる膜構造物を備えた防潮・防波堤の展張方法において、膜構造物の上端に浮体が設けられていると共に、該膜構造物は前記浮体に格納可能に設けられ、該浮体は、長手方向の一端を回転中心として水路の長手方向に沿った方向の姿勢と、水路を横断する方向の姿勢とを取ることができ、前記膜構造物を前記浮体に格納した状態で該浮体を水路を横断する方向に変え、次いで膜構造物を水中に展張させることを特徴とする。
【００１８】
この発明においては、浮体を移動させることで、迅速に膜構造物を展張することができる。また、浮体を移動させる際には膜構造物を浮体に格納することで、水の抵抗を防ぐ。
【００１９】
請求項７に記載の発明は、水路の深さ方向全水深に亘って延びるとともに幅方向で前記水路間に亘って延びる膜構造物を備えた防潮・防波堤において、前記膜構造物の上端に浮体が設けられていると共に、該膜構造物は前記浮体に格納可能に設けられ、前記浮体は、長手方向の一端を回転中心として水路の長手方向に沿った方向の姿勢と、水路を横断する方向の姿勢とを取ることができることを特徴とする。
【００２０】
この発明においては、膜構造物を浮体に格納した状態で、浮体を水路を横断する方向に移動させる。そして膜構造物を水中に展張させる。このようにすることで、迅速に膜構造物を展張することができる。また、浮体を移動させる際には膜構造物を浮体に格納することで、水の抵抗を防ぐ。
【００２１】
請求項８に記載の発明は、水路の深さ方向全水深に亘って延びるとともに幅方向で前記水路間に亘って延びる膜構造物を備えた防潮・防波堤の展張方法において、膜構造物の上端に浮体が設けられていると共に、前記膜構造物は前記浮体に格納可能に設けられ、前記浮体は、伸長して水路の両岸に渡された状態と、長手方向一端部側に収縮した状態とを取ることができ、前記膜構造物を前記浮体に格納した状態で該浮体を伸長して水路を渡し、次いで膜構造物を水中に展張させることを特徴とする。
【００２２】
この発明においては、浮体を伸長させることで、迅速に膜構造物を展張することができる。また、浮体を伸長させる際には膜構造物を浮体に格納することで、水の抵抗を防ぐ。
【００２３】
請求項９に記載の発明は、水路の深さ方向全水深に亘って延びるとともに幅方向で前記水路間に亘って延びる膜構造物を備えた防潮・防波堤において、膜構造物の上端に浮体が設けられていると共に、前記膜構造物は前記浮体に格納可能に設けられ、前記浮体は、伸長して水路の両岸に渡された状態と、長手方向一端部側に収縮した状態とを取ることができることを特徴とする。
【００２４】
この発明においては、膜構造物を浮体に格納した状態で、浮体を伸長させて水路の両岸に渡された状態とする。そして膜構造物を水中に展張させる。このようにすることで、容易に膜構造物を展張することができる。また、浮体を伸長させる際には膜構造物を浮体に格納することで、水の抵抗を防ぐ。
【００２５】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の第１実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。なお、従来と同一の構成については同一の符号を用い、その説明を省略する。
図１は本実施形態の防潮堤であり、符号５は浮体である。本実施形態においては、ケーブルワイヤ１ｂ、膜部材１ａ等が浮体５に巻き上げられた状態で格納されている。浮体５は図３のように、膜部材１ａの上部に複数設けられており、図１の格納状態では、浮体５に膜部材１ａが巻き上げられ、さらに長手方向に折り畳まれている。
本膜構造物では、図１のように折り畳まれた浮体５をアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌ間の水上に移動させ、次いで図２のように浮体５をアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌ間に亘って左右に広げ、さらに図３のように膜部材１ａを下方に展張する。そして膜部材１ａ（ケーブルワイヤ１ｂ）の端部をアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌに固定する。このように展張を行うことで、膜構造物を広げる距離はアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌ間の距離の半分で済むため、迅速に展張を行うことができる。また、左右のアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌからそれぞれ水路中央まで膜構造物を広げ、水路中央部でこれら左右の膜構造物をつきあわせて固定することに比べると、以下の点で有利である。すなわち、左右の膜構造物を水路中央でつきあわせる場合には、ケーブルワイヤ１ｂを互いに連結するような構成が必要であり、構造が複雑になってしまうと共にケーブルワイヤ１ｂのフレキシブル性が失われる。一方、本実施形態のように取り付ける場合には、ケーブルワイヤ１ｂをアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌに固定するための構造は、アンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌ側に設けておくことができる。したがって、膜構造物のフレキシブル性は失われないし、取り付け作業も容易である。
【００２６】
次に、本発明の第２実施形態について説明する。なお、従来と同一の構成については同一の符号を用い、その説明を省略する。
図４において、符号６は梁部材である。梁部材６は、展張した膜構造物１の上縁長手方向に連続して複数設けられている。また膜構造物１は梁部材６に巻き上げられ格納可能となっている（梁部材６と一体とすることが可能である）。
少なくとも一方のアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌは従来より高さが高く、各梁部材６がワイヤ７により吊られている。また、同アンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌは鉛直方向の回転軸を以て回転自在となっている。
このように構成された本防潮・防波堤においては、膜構造物は以下のように展張される。
まず、格納状態（不使用状態）においては、図５の符号Ａで示したように梁部材６とともに一方のアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌが水路から退行した状態となっている。また、膜構造物１は上昇した状態であって梁部材６側に格納されている。
この状態から一方のアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌを回転させて梁部材６を水路に出す。次いで膜構造物１を降ろして水中に展張する。そしてケーブルワイヤ１ｂの端部をアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌに固定する。
以上のように、本実施形態によれば迅速に展張を行うことができる。
なお、水路幅が小さい場合には、一方のアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌを上記のように回転させて展張を行うようにしてよいが、水路幅が大きい場合には、両方のアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌを回転自在として、水路の中央部で左右の膜構造物を相互に固定するようにしても良い。
なお、上記の梁部材６は剛体であってワイヤ７で重量が支持されているが、剛体の代わりに浮体を用いても良い。この場合には吊るためのワイヤ７を不用とすることができる。
【００２７】
次に、本発明の第３実施形態について説明する。なお、従来と同一の構成については同一の符号を用い、その説明を省略する。
図６に示したように、本実施形態の防潮堤においては、膜構造物１が海底にて展張される。図において符号１０は梁部材であり、これら梁部材１０の間に各ケーブルワイヤ１ｂが固定されている。
まず、格納状態においては、膜構造物は海底面に寝た状態となっており、左右の梁部材１０は接近した状態（膜構造物が畳まれた状態）となっている。使用時には、この状態から梁部材１０を水路の左右に広げる。（図６の符号Ａで示した状態）。そして、梁部材１０を海底上の下端を回転中心として起こして垂直の姿勢にする（図６の符号Ｂで示した状態）。この回転は、梁部材１０内部のバラスト調整または機械的に回転させることにより行う。
図７は梁部材１０の取り付け構造である。梁部材１０は、アンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌに設けられた凹部１１に嵌め込まれる。この際、梁部材１０と凹部１１とは完全には固定されず、離脱可能となっている。なお、凹部１１は港外側に設けられている。
このような構成となっていることにより、膜構造物１を迅速に展張することができるだけではなく、以下の効果を得ることができる。すなわち、港外が港内より高水位となっている場合には、水圧によって膜構造物１が港内側へ押され、梁部材１０は凹部１１に押し付けられる。したがって港外の水は膜構造物１により遮水され、港内には流れ込まない。一方、港内側の水位が港外側より高くなった場合には、膜構造物１は水圧によって港外側へ押され、梁部材１０は凹部１１からはずれて港内の水は港外へ流れ出すことができる。
【００２８】
なお、変形例として、以下の第４実施形態としても良い。
図８に示すように、海上で展張させても良い。海上で梁部材１０を離して膜構造物１を略水平状態に展張させてから、梁部材１０の一端をアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌに回動自在に固定し、次いで梁部材１０内部のバラスト調整または機械的に梁部材１０を回転させ、一端を水中に移動させる。
以上の展張方法を採用することにより、本実施形態によれば迅速に展張を行うことができる。
【００２９】
次に、本発明の第５実施形態について説明する。なお、従来と同一の構成については同一の符号を用い、その説明を省略する。
図９に示したものは本実施形態の防潮堤であり、符号Ａは格納された状態であり、符号Ｂは使用されている状態である。また、符号１５は浮体であり、剛性を有する。膜構造物１の上端がこの浮体１５に固定されており、格納状態Ａでは膜構造物１は上方に巻き上げられ、浮体１５に格納されている（浮体１５と一体となっている）。また、浮体１５は一端が水路の一側において回転自在に支持されている。
このように構成された防潮堤では、格納状態Ａにある防潮堤を、曳航船などによりＢの位置に回転移動させる。そして、膜構造物１を水中に展張し、両端をアンカレイジ２Ｒ、２Ｌに固定する。
以上の展張方法を採用することにより、本実施形態によれば迅速に展張を行うことができる。
【００３０】
なお、上記実施形態の変形例として以下のように構成しても良い。
図１０に示すように、浮体１５’を長手方向に伸縮自在とする。すなわち、伸長して水路の両岸に渡された状態Ｂと、長手方向一端部側に収縮した状態Ａとを取ることができる。
このように構成することで、浮体１５’を伸長させることで容易に膜構造物１を展張することができる。また、浮体１５’を伸長させる際には膜構造物１を浮体に格納することで、水の抵抗を防ぐことができる。
【００３１】
なお、以上各実施形態が適用される場所は、港内と港外との境界に限らず、水路であれば、いかなる場所（河川、運河など）であっても良いのはもちろんである。
また、上記各実施形態の防潮堤を防波堤として適用することも可能である。
【００３２】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明においては以下の効果を得ることができる。
請求項１に記載の発明によれば、膜構造物を水路の一方の岸から他方の岸に展張するよりも、展張距離が半分で済むため、迅速に展張を行うことができる。
請求項２に記載の発明によれば、梁を移動させることで、迅速に膜構造物を展張することができる。
請求項３に記載の発明によれば、膜構造物を梁に格納した状態で梁を水路にせり出させ、次いで膜構造物を水中に展張する。このようにすることにより、迅速に膜構造物を展張することができる。
請求項４に記載の発明によれば、膜構造物が備えるケーブルワイヤを逐一固定する必要が無いので、迅速に展張できる。
請求項５に記載の発明によれば、膜構造物が備えるケーブルワイヤを逐一固定する必要が無く、迅速に展張できる。
請求項６に記載の発明によれば、浮体を移動させることで、容易に膜構造物を展張することができる。
請求項７に記載の発明によれば、膜構造物を浮体に格納した状態で、浮体を水路を横断する方向に移動させる。そして膜構造物を水中に展張させる。このようにすることで、迅速に膜構造物を展張することができる。
請求項８に記載の発明によれば、浮体を伸長させることで、迅速に膜構造物を展張することができる。
請求項９に記載の発明によれば、膜構造物を浮体に格納した状態で、浮体を伸長させる。そして膜構造物を水中に展張させる。このようにすることで、迅速に膜構造物を展張することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１実施形態として示した防潮堤の概略斜視図であり、膜構造物の展張前の状態である。
【図２】同膜構造物の展張中の状態である。
【図３】同膜構造物の展張後の状態である。
【図４】本発明の第２実施形態の防潮堤を示した斜視図である。
【図５】同防潮堤において、梁部材を回転させて水路にせり出させる状態を示した図である。
【図６】本発明の第３実施形態として示した防潮堤の概略斜視図である。
【図７】同防潮堤における梁部材の取り付け構造について示した図である。
【図８】同防潮堤の変形例としての第４実施形態について示した図である。
【図９】本発明の第５実施形態として示した防潮堤の平面図である。
【図１０】同防潮堤の変形例について示した平面図である。
【図１１】従来の防潮・防波堤の平面図である。
【図１２】同防潮・防波堤の格納時の状態を示した図である。
【図１３】同防潮・防波堤体の側断面図である。
【図１４】同防潮・防波堤の部分を示した正面図である。
【符号の説明】
１膜構造物
２Ｒ、２Ｌアンカレイジ
５浮体
６梁部材
１５浮体
１５’ 浮体[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tide breakwater.
[0002]
[Prior art]
11 to 14 show the configuration of a conventional tide breakwater. In the conventional tide breakwater, at the boundary position between the sea side and the river side, the breakwaters 3R and 3L arranged facing the sea on both the left and right sides of the river have anchorage 2Rs at both end positions facing each other on both sides of the river. 2L, the anchor structure 2R, 2L is provided with a membrane structure 1 whose end is locked and extends therebetween, and serves as a shield for opening and closing a water channel whose entrance is regulated by the breakwaters 3R, 3L.
As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the membrane structure 1 includes a plurality of cable wires 1b that receive axial rigidity and are separated from each other by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction (water depth direction) to support each cable wire 1b. In order to extend a plurality of beam members 1c (steel material, resin material, etc.) in the water depth direction at a position separated by a predetermined distance in the longitudinal direction of the cable wire 1b to be provided orthogonal to each cable wire 1b, The member 1c is locked, and a film member 1a formed of a material such as Teflon (registered trademark) film, aramid fiber, FRP, or the like is locked so as to be stuck from the sea side, thereby forming a tension structure.
[0003]
When the water channel whose entrance is restricted by the breakwaters 3R and 3L on both the left and right sides is closed, as shown in FIG. 11, due to the rise in the water level outside the port, the expanded membrane structure receives water pressure in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure.
The membrane member 1a supports the water pressure in the cross section, and the cable wire 1b receives the tensile force generated in the axial direction (water channel width direction) by the water pressure, and the reaction force ( An arrow (in the figure) is supported by anchorages 2R and 2L (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-282434 A (Page 3, FIG. 1)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the fact that the part to be closed off is a sea route, it is desired that the above-mentioned conventional tide and breakwater constructed as described above has a structure that can be opened and closed in the minimum possible time. There is a need for the development of a technology that smoothly performs the expansion.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tide / breakwater extension method and a tide / breakwater that can be quickly expanded.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is a method for extending a tide / breakwater having a membrane structure extending over the entire depth of a waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction. It is characterized in that both ends of the membrane structure folded in the depth direction and the longitudinal direction are extended on both banks of the waterway, and then extended in the depth direction.
[0008]
In the present invention, the extension distance can be reduced to half compared with the case where the membrane structure is extended from one shore of the water channel to the other shore, so that the membrane structure can be rapidly expanded.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method for extending a tide / breakwater provided with a membrane structure extending over the entire depth of the waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction, the state of projecting into the waterway is provided. And a beam that can be positioned in a state of being retracted from the waterway, the upper end of the membrane structure is fixed and provided so as to be retractable, and the beam is placed in a waterway with the membrane structure stored in the beam. And then spreading the membrane structure in water.
[0010]
According to the present invention, the membrane structure can be quickly expanded by moving the beam. When the beam is moved, the membrane structure is stored in the beam to prevent water resistance.
In order to protrude the beam into the channel, for example, one end of the beam is rotatably supported on the shore, and the other end of the beam is rotatable between the shore and the channel. In addition, a rigid structure or a floating body may be used for the beam. In the case of a rigid structure, the weight can be supported by hanging it with a wire.
[0011]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tide / breakwater having a membrane structure extending over the entire water depth in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction, the state of projecting into the waterway, A beam that can be positioned in a retracted state, wherein the membrane structure has an upper end fixed and provided so as to be retractable.
[0012]
In the present invention, with the membrane structure stored in the beam, the beam is protruded into the waterway, and then the membrane structure is spread in water. By doing so, the membrane structure can be quickly spread.
In order to protrude the beam into the channel, for example, one end of the beam is rotatably supported on the shore, and the other end of the beam is rotatable between the shore and the channel. In addition, a rigid structure or a floating body may be used for the beam. In the case of a rigid structure, the weight can be supported by hanging it with a wire.
[0013]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the method for extending a tide / breakwater having a membrane structure extending over the entire depth of the waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction, both ends of the watershed / breakwater are each provided with beams. The fixed membrane structure is extended on a water floor or a water surface with the membrane structure facing a substantially horizontal plane, and then the two beams are set to a substantially vertical posture.
[0014]
According to the present invention, the beam is provided at both ends of the membrane structure, and the beam can be extended by fixing the beam to both banks of the waterway. Therefore, it is not necessary to fix the cable wires included in the membrane structure one by one, and the wire can be quickly expanded.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 5 is a tide / breakwater provided with a membrane structure extending over the entire depth of the waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending across the waterway in the width direction, wherein the membrane structure comprises a beam and It is stretched between the beam and the beam, and the beam is fixed to a foundation provided on both sides of the channel so as to be detachable along the channel by water pressure from one direction.
[0016]
According to the present invention, the beam is provided at both ends of the membrane structure, and the beam can be extended by fixing the beam to both banks of the waterway. Therefore, it is not necessary to fix the cable wires included in the membrane structure one by one, and the wire can be quickly expanded.
Furthermore, when the water level on one side (for example, in the harbor) becomes high with the expanded membrane structure interposed therebetween, the water in the harbor can escape to the outside of the harbor because the membrane structure falls off from the foundation due to the water pressure.
[0017]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for extending a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending over the entire water depth in the depth direction of the waterway and extending across the waterway in the width direction. A floating structure is provided on the floating structure, and the membrane structure is provided so as to be stored in the floating structure. And the floating structure is stored in the floating body, the floating body is changed to a direction crossing a waterway, and then the membrane structure is extended in water.
[0018]
In the present invention, the membrane structure can be quickly expanded by moving the floating body. When the floating body is moved, the membrane structure is stored in the floating body to prevent water resistance.
[0019]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tide and breakwater having a membrane structure extending over the entire water depth in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction, and a floating body is provided at an upper end of the membrane structure. Is provided, and the membrane structure is provided so as to be stored in the floating body, and the floating body has a posture in a direction along the longitudinal direction of the water channel with one end in the longitudinal direction as a rotation center, and a direction traversing the water channel. It is characterized by being able to take a posture.
[0020]
In the present invention, the floating body is moved in a direction crossing the water channel while the membrane structure is stored in the floating body. Then, the membrane structure is spread in water. By doing so, the membrane structure can be quickly spread. When the floating body is moved, the membrane structure is stored in the floating body to prevent water resistance.
[0021]
The invention according to claim 8 is a method for expanding a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending over the entire water depth in the depth direction of the waterway and extending across the waterway in the width direction. And the membrane structure is provided so as to be stowable in the floating body, and the floating body is extended and extended to both banks of the waterway, and contracted to one end in the longitudinal direction. In a state where the membrane structure is stored in the floating body, the floating body is extended to pass through a water channel, and then the membrane structure is expanded in water.
[0022]
In the present invention, the membrane structure can be quickly expanded by extending the floating body. When the floating body is extended, the membrane structure is stored in the floating body to prevent water resistance.
[0023]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in a tide / breakwater provided with a membrane structure extending over the entire water depth in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction, a floating body is provided at an upper end of the membrane structure. While being provided, the membrane structure is provided so as to be retractable in the floating body, and the floating body takes a state in which the floating body is extended and passed to both banks of the waterway and a state in which the floating body is contracted to one end in the longitudinal direction. It is characterized by being able to.
[0024]
In the present invention, in a state where the membrane structure is stored in the floating body, the floating body is extended to be in a state of being passed to both banks of the waterway. Then, the membrane structure is spread in water. By doing so, the membrane structure can be easily spread. When the floating body is extended, the membrane structure is stored in the floating body to prevent water resistance.
[0025]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The same components as those of the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
FIG. 1 shows a tide embankment of the present embodiment, and reference numeral 5 denotes a floating body. In the present embodiment, the cable wire 1b, the membrane member 1a, and the like are stored in a state of being wound up by the floating body 5. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of floating bodies 5 are provided above the membrane member 1a. In the retracted state shown in FIG. 1, the membrane member 1a is wound up on the floating body 5 and further folded in the longitudinal direction.
In the present membrane structure, the floating body 5 folded as shown in FIG. 1 is moved on the water between the anchorages 2R and 2L, and then the floating body 5 is spread right and left over the anchorages 2R and 2L as shown in FIG. The film member 1a is extended downward as shown in FIG. Then, the ends of the membrane member 1a (cable wire 1b) are fixed to the anchorages 2R and 2L. By performing the expansion in this way, the distance for spreading the membrane structure can be half of the distance between the anchorages 2R and 2L, so that the expansion can be performed quickly. Further, as compared with the case where the membrane structure is extended from the left and right anchorages 2R and 2L to the center of the channel and the left and right membrane structures are fixed together at the center of the channel, the following is advantageous. That is, when the left and right membrane structures are brought together at the center of the water channel, it is necessary to provide a configuration in which the cable wires 1b are connected to each other, which complicates the structure and reduces the flexibility of the cable wires 1b. On the other hand, in the case of attachment as in the present embodiment, a structure for fixing the cable wire 1b to the anchorages 2R, 2L can be provided on the anchorages 2R, 2L. Therefore, the flexibility of the membrane structure is not lost, and the mounting operation is easy.
[0026]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The same components as those of the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
In FIG. 4, reference numeral 6 denotes a beam member. A plurality of beam members 6 are provided continuously in the longitudinal direction of the upper edge of the expanded membrane structure 1. Further, the membrane structure 1 is wound up and stored in the beam member 6 (it can be integrated with the beam member 6).
At least one of the anchorages 2R and 2L is higher than the conventional one, and each beam member 6 is suspended by a wire 7. The anchorages 2R and 2L are rotatable about a vertical rotation axis.
In the tide and breakwater thus configured, the membrane structure is extended as follows.
First, in the retracted state (unused state), one of the anchorages 2R and 2L is retracted from the water channel together with the beam member 6 as shown by reference numeral A in FIG. In addition, the membrane structure 1 is stored in the raised state on the beam member 6 side.
From this state, one of the anchorages 2R and 2L is rotated to take out the beam member 6 to the water channel. Next, the membrane structure 1 is lowered and spread in water. Then, the ends of the cable wires 1b are fixed to the anchorages 2R and 2L.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the expansion can be performed quickly.
When the width of the channel is small, one of the anchorages 2R and 2L may be rotated as described above to perform expansion. However, when the width of the channel is large, both anchorages 2R and 2L are rotatable. Alternatively, the left and right membrane structures may be fixed to each other at the center of the water channel.
The beam member 6 is a rigid body and the weight is supported by the wire 7, but a floating body may be used instead of the rigid body. In this case, the wire 7 for hanging can be omitted.
[0027]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The same components as those of the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
As shown in FIG. 6, in the seawall of the present embodiment, the membrane structure 1 is spread on the sea floor. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a beam member, between which the respective cable wires 1b are fixed.
First, in the retracted state, the membrane structure is lying on the sea floor, and the left and right beam members 10 are in a close state (the membrane structure is folded). At the time of use, the beam member 10 is expanded from this state to the left and right of the water channel. (The state indicated by reference symbol A in FIG. 6). Then, the beam member 10 is raised with the lower end on the seabed as a center of rotation, and is brought into a vertical posture (the state indicated by reference numeral B in FIG. 6). This rotation is performed by adjusting the ballast inside the beam member 10 or mechanically rotating it.
FIG. 7 shows a mounting structure of the beam member 10. The beam member 10 is fitted into a concave portion 11 provided in the anchorages 2R and 2L. At this time, the beam member 10 and the concave portion 11 are not completely fixed and can be separated. The recess 11 is provided outside the port.
With such a configuration, not only can the film structure 1 be quickly expanded, but also the following effects can be obtained. That is, when the outside of the port has a higher water level than the inside of the port, the membrane structure 1 is pushed toward the inside of the port by the water pressure, and the beam member 10 is pressed against the concave portion 11. Therefore, the water outside the port is blocked by the membrane structure 1 and does not flow into the port. On the other hand, when the water level inside the port becomes higher than the outside of the port, the membrane structure 1 is pushed to the outside of the port by the water pressure, the beam member 10 is disengaged from the concave portion 11, and the water inside the port can flow out of the port. .
[0028]
As a modification, the following fourth embodiment may be adopted.
As shown in FIG. 8, it may be extended at sea. After separating the beam member 10 from the sea and extending the membrane structure 1 in a substantially horizontal state, one end of the beam member 10 is rotatably fixed to the anchorages 2R and 2L, and then ballast adjustment or mechanical adjustment inside the beam member 10 is performed. The beam member 10 is rotated to move one end into the water.
By adopting the above-described expansion method, according to the present embodiment, expansion can be performed quickly.
[0029]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The same components as those of the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
FIG. 9 shows a tide embankment according to the present embodiment, in which a symbol A indicates a stored state and a symbol B indicates a used state. Reference numeral 15 denotes a floating body having rigidity. The upper end of the membrane structure 1 is fixed to the floating body 15. In the storage state A, the membrane structure 1 is wound up and stored in the floating body 15 (integrated with the floating body 15). The floating body 15 has one end rotatably supported on one side of the water channel.
In the seawall having such a configuration, the seawall in the storage state A is rotated to the position B by a towing ship or the like. Then, the membrane structure 1 is spread in water, and both ends are fixed to the anchorages 2R and 2L.
By adopting the above-described expansion method, according to the present embodiment, expansion can be performed quickly.
[0030]
In addition, you may comprise as follows as a modification of the said embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 10, the floating body 15 'is made to be able to expand and contract in the longitudinal direction. That is, it can take a state B that is extended to both banks of the waterway and a state A that is contracted to one end in the longitudinal direction.
With this configuration, the membrane structure 1 can be easily expanded by extending the floating body 15 ′. Further, when the floating body 15 ′ is extended, the membrane structure 1 is stored in the floating body, so that resistance of water can be prevented.
[0031]
The location to which each of the embodiments is applied is not limited to the boundary between the inside and outside of the port, but may be any location (a river, a canal, etc.) as long as it is a waterway.
Further, the seawall of each of the above embodiments can be applied as a breakwater.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the following effects can be obtained in the present invention.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the extension distance can be reduced to half as compared with the case where the membrane structure is extended from one shore of the water channel to the other shore, so that the membrane structure can be quickly expanded.
According to the invention described in claim 2, by moving the beam, the membrane structure can be quickly expanded.
According to the third aspect of the invention, with the membrane structure stored in the beam, the beam is made to protrude into the water channel, and then the membrane structure is extended in water. By doing so, the membrane structure can be quickly spread.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to fix the cable wires included in the membrane structure one by one, so that the cable can be quickly expanded.
According to the invention described in claim 5, it is not necessary to fix the cable wires included in the membrane structure one by one, and the cable can be quickly expanded.
According to the invention described in claim 6, the membrane structure can be easily extended by moving the floating body.
According to the invention described in claim 7, the floating body is moved in a direction crossing the water channel in a state where the membrane structure is stored in the floating body. Then, the membrane structure is spread in water. By doing so, the membrane structure can be quickly spread.
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the membrane structure can be quickly expanded by extending the floating body.
According to the ninth aspect, the floating body is extended while the membrane structure is stored in the floating body. Then, the membrane structure is spread in water. By doing so, the membrane structure can be quickly spread.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a seawall shown as a first embodiment of the present invention, in a state before a membrane structure is expanded.
FIG. 2 shows a state in which the membrane structure is being extended.
FIG. 3 shows a state after the membrane structure is expanded.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a seawall according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a state in which the beam member is rotated to protrude into a water channel in the tide embankment.
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a tide embankment shown as a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a mounting structure of a beam member in the tide embankment.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a fourth embodiment as a modification of the tide embankment.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of a seawall shown as a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a modification of the tide embankment.
FIG. 11 is a plan view of a conventional tide breakwater.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a state when the tide and breakwater are stored.
FIG. 13 is a side sectional view of the tide and breakwater body.
FIG. 14 is a front view showing a part of the tide breakwater.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Membrane structure 2R, 2L Anchorage 5 Floating body 6 Beam member 15 Floating body 15 'Floating body

Claims

A method for extending a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending across the entire depth of a waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction,
A method for extending a tide / breakwater, comprising: extending both ends of a membrane structure located in the center of a waterway and folded in a depth direction and a longitudinal direction on both banks of the waterway, and then expanding in a depth direction.

A method for extending a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending across the entire depth of a waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction,
The membrane structure is fixed to the upper end of the beam that can be positioned in a state protruding into the water channel and in a state retreated from the water channel, and is provided so as to be retractable,
A method for extending a tide / breakwater, comprising: projecting the beam into a water channel with the membrane structure stored in the beam, and then extending the membrane structure in water.

In a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending over the entire depth of the waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction,
A beam that can be positioned between a state protruding into the waterway and a state retreating from the waterway is provided. The upper end of the beam structure is fixed to the beam, and the beam structure is provided so as to be retractable. Tide breakwater.

A method for extending a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending across the entire depth of a waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction,
The membrane structure having both ends fixed to the beams, respectively, is stretched on a water floor or a water surface while the membrane structure faces a substantially horizontal plane, and then the both beams are set to a substantially vertical posture. How to extend tide and breakwaters.

In a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending over the entire depth of the waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction,
The membrane structure is stretched between beams, and the beams are fixed to a foundation provided on both sides of the waterway so as to be detachable along the waterway by water pressure from one direction. A tide and breakwater characterized by:

A method for extending a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending across the entire depth of a waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction,
A floating body is provided at an upper end of the membrane structure, and the membrane structure is provided so as to be stored in the floating body, and the floating body has a posture in a direction along a longitudinal direction of the water channel with one longitudinal end as a rotation center. And a posture that crosses the waterway,
A method for spreading a tide / breakwater, comprising: changing the direction of a floating body in a direction crossing a water channel while storing the membrane structure in the floating body, and then expanding the membrane structure in water.

In a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending over the entire depth of the waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction,
A floating body is provided at an upper end of the membrane structure, and the membrane structure is provided so as to be retractable in the floating body, and the floating body is arranged in a direction along the longitudinal direction of the water channel with one longitudinal end as a rotation center. A tide and breakwater characterized by being able to take a posture and a posture in a direction crossing a waterway.

A method for extending a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending across the entire depth of a waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction,
A floating body is provided at an upper end of the membrane structure, and the membrane structure is provided so as to be retractable in the floating body. The floating body is extended and extended to both banks of a waterway, and one end in a longitudinal direction. Can be taken to the state contracted to the side,
A method for extending a tide and breakwater, comprising extending the floating body over a water channel while storing the membrane structure in the floating body, and then expanding the membrane structure in water.

In a tide / breakwater comprising a membrane structure extending over the entire depth of the waterway in the depth direction of the waterway and extending between the waterways in the width direction,
A floating body is provided at an upper end of the membrane structure, and the membrane structure is provided so as to be retractable in the floating body. The floating body is extended and extended to both banks of a waterway, and one end in a longitudinal direction. A tide and breakwater characterized by being able to assume a contracted state to the side.