JP2004175593A - Laminated glass - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight glass product with increased sound insulation and solar screening properties. <P>SOLUTION: The laminated glass is composed of a sound-insulating film interposed between two interlayers having solar screening properties and has a total thickness of 4-5 mm. The thickness of each interlayer having the solar screening property is 0.3-0.4 mm. The laminated glass is lightweight and shows a sound insulation performance of ≥5 dB at 2,500-5,000 Hz, a visible light transmission of ≥70% and a solar transmission of ≤60%. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used in fields where laminated glass is used, such as window glasses for automobiles and railway vehicles and window glasses for construction, or in many fields where tempered glass or screened glass is used. In particular, it can also be used as an automobile windshield.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Laminated glass is a glass product obtained by laminating two or more sheets of glass with a laminated film, and has a feature that the glass is hardly scattered or dropped even when broken, and a feature that cuts ultraviolet rays. Taking advantage of this feature, laminated glass is used in many places, such as places where safety and security are required, and places where it is desired to prevent ultraviolet rays. There are many examples of its use, such as windshields of automobiles, doors and windows of buildings and railway vehicles, show windows, aquariums, peep windows of pools, and fences of verandas. In addition, as a laminated film often called an intermediate film, polyvinyl butyral (hereinafter, PVB) is often used.
[0003]
Since the laminated glass is composed of two or more sheets of glass and a material having different characteristics such as an interlayer film, it is possible to obtain not only safety, security, and ultraviolet blocking properties, but also characteristics that are difficult only with glass. Attention has also been paid to sound insulation and solar shading, and improvements have been attempted.
[0004]
With respect to sound insulation, the characteristics can be improved by using laminated glass. That is, the sound insulation characteristics are mainly determined by a mass law affected by the thickness of the glass and a decrease in sound insulation having a frequency dependence called a coincidence effect. In general, it is considered better to increase the thickness of the glass from the viewpoint of the mass law in order to increase sound insulation, but since the coincidence effect changes in many points such as the material itself and the thickness of the glass, In many cases, the sound insulation characteristic is mainly determined from the coincidence effect. However, in the presence of the coincidence effect, the thickness of the glass is often determined by factors other than sound insulation, such as breaking strength and weight. Therefore, in the case of single-pane glass, the two phenomena of the mass rule and the coincidence effect are inevitable, and it is very difficult to improve the sound insulation.
[0005]
On the other hand, since laminated glass also has a material with another property called an interlayer, the frequency that causes the coincidence effect is different, so improvement should be made by considering the respective coincidence frequencies of the interlayer and the glass plate. Can be.
[0006]
Further, by changing the material of the intermediate film, the sound insulation can be significantly improved. However, interlayers with improved sound insulation are generally soft and cannot pass, for example, strength testing of automotive glazing. Interlayer films with improved sound insulation cannot be used in automotive glazings, so another approach must be used to improve the sound insulation of automotive glazings. Increasing the thickness of the window glass for automobiles can improve the sound insulation and solve the problem of breaking strength, but the basic problem of weight increase becomes significant.
[0007]
According to publicly known documents, a laminated glass combining a PVB film and a sound insulating film (for example, see Patent Document 1), a sound insulating laminated glass containing plasticized polyvinyl butyral and dimethylformamide (for example, see Patent Document 2), and the like are disclosed. Have been.
[0008]
Attention has also been paid to solar shading from the viewpoint of energy saving. For example, on a hot summer day, the inside of a car is known to be quite hot, and many people respond with a cooler. However, excessive use of coolers, in addition to the use of petroleum resources, also induces the generation of carbon dioxide, which is a major environmental problem. This problem is not limited to cars, but applies to many buildings.
[0009]
For this reason, studies have been made to improve the solar radiation shielding properties, and techniques and glass products for preventing light in the infrared region called heat rays are being studied. For example, there is a heat ray reflective glass in which a film having solar reflection performance is provided on one or both sides of glass. Although this heat ray reflective glass has high performance in terms of heat ray reflection, it has a problem of lowering light transmission characteristics. For example, a problem arises when used as a windshield of an automobile. It is not easy to make a glass product having solar radiation shielding performance while having transparency to ensure transparency.
[0010]
According to the known documents, laminated glass for automobiles in which functional ultrafine particles are added to a resin film formed by using a plasticizer to improve solar radiation shielding properties (for example, see Patent Document 3), infrared shielding fine particles Glass (for example, see Patent Literature 4) in which an interlayer film containing iron and a glass containing 0.3 to 1% iron are contained, furthermore, the content of infrared shielding fine particles of 0.2 μm or less and the total sunlight transmission of the glass A laminated glass having a limited ratio (for example, see Patent Document 5) is disclosed.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 9-165235 A [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-3-112835 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-8-259279 [Patent Document 4]
JP 2001-151538 A [Patent Document 5]
JP 2002-173346 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to improve the sound insulation, a direction in which the plate thickness is increased shows a favorable result. However, even if the thickness is increased, sound insulation cannot be satisfied at all frequencies due to the coincidence effect, and environmental problems occur. As for solar shading, it is not easy to provide solar shading performance while maintaining transparency that ensures transparency. Furthermore, for example, when used as a windshield for automobiles, the total thickness is 5 mm or less due to the problem of weight reduction considering fuel efficiency, ensuring strength and transparency, and satisfying sound insulation and solar shading. There has never been a glass product.
[0013]
That is, in the case of the laminated glass disclosed in JP-A-9-165235 and JP-A-3-112835, sound insulation is good, but there is a problem in solar shading. On the other hand, the laminated glass disclosed in JP-A-8-259279, JP-A-2001-151439, and JP-A-2002-173346 has good solar radiation shielding properties, but has a problem in sound insulation properties.
[0014]
Thus, glass products with improved sound insulation and improved solar shading have been proposed, respectively, but lightweight glass products with improved sound insulation and solar shading have not been developed. Was.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present invention has been achieved. The present invention is a laminated glass having an interlayer film layer between two glass plate-like bodies, in which a sound insulating film is sandwiched between two interlayer films having solar shading performance. A laminated glass having performance and a total thickness of 4 mm or more and 5 mm or less.
[0016]
Further, the laminated glass is composed of two sheets of glass, an interlayer having solar radiation shielding performance, and a film having sound insulating performance, and has a total thickness of 4 mm or more and 5 mm or less.
[0017]
It is a laminated glass having a thickness of 0.3 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less per sheet having an interlayer film having solar radiation shielding performance.
[0018]
Furthermore, at 2500 to 5000 Hz, the laminated glass has a sound insulation performance of 5 dB or more, a visible light transmittance of 70% or more, and a solar transmittance of 60% or less.
[0019]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a laminated glass having a structure in which a sound insulating film 3 is sandwiched between two intermediate films 2 and 4 having solar radiation shielding performance between two glass plates 1 and 5. It is.
[0020]
The two outer glass plates are indispensable as materials for obtaining the transparency, chemical durability, strength, hardness and the like of the product of the present invention. The thickness of one glass plate is suitably about 2 mm ± 0.4, but some variation is allowed due to the other required physical properties.
[0021]
For a film having sound insulation properties, transparency and strength are also important in addition to sound insulation properties. Also, it is desirable that the thickness be small. As this film, a PET film is preferable.
[0022]
An interlayer having solar radiation shielding performance is important and indispensable. Generally, a PVB film is used for this intermediate film. As for the solar shading performance, a method of providing functional ultrafine particles or another method may be used. However, this intermediate film is important not only for solar shading performance but also for strength and transparency. In addition, an effect of bonding a glass plate and a film having sound insulation properties is also required.
[0023]
The total thickness must be 4 mm or more and 5 mm or less. If it is thinner than 4 mm, the sound insulation cannot be satisfied. When used as laminated glass for automobiles, the required strength cannot be satisfied. On the other hand, if it exceeds 5 mm, its weight increases, so that it cannot be used as, for example, a windshield of an automobile. Desirably, the thickness is 4.1 to 4.7 mm.
[0024]
It is also important that the thickness of the interlayer having solar radiation shielding performance be 0.3 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less per sheet. If the thickness is less than 0.3 mm, a problem in strength occurs. In addition, there is a problem with the ultraviolet ray cutoff effect, which is one of the great advantages of laminated glass. If it exceeds 0.4 mm, its weight increases, and it cannot be used, for example, as a windshield of an automobile. Desirably, the thickness is 4.1 to 4.7 mm.
[0025]
Further, at 2500 to 5000 Hz, it is necessary to improve the average sound insulation performance by 5 dB or more. The range of 2500 to 5000 Hz is because the difference due to the coincidence effect is large in this region, and the difference due to the material is most remarkable. If it is less than 5 dB, the sound insulation is too small and does not meet the requirements for sound insulation. The sound insulation performance is an average sound insulation characteristic at 2500 to 5000 Hz according to, for example, JIS A1416, and is an improvement performance in a coincidence effect region.
[0026]
Visible light transmittance needs to be 70% or more. If it is less than 70%, there is a problem in its transparency, and it cannot be used as, for example, an automobile windshield. Desirably, it is at least 75%.
[0027]
The solar transmittance must be 60% or less. If it exceeds 60%, the solar shading cannot be said to satisfy the required specifications. Desirably, it is 55% or less.
[0028]
Here, the visible light transmittance and the sunlight transmittance are values at 380 to 780 nm and 300 to 2500 nm of an A light source (tungsten light source) used for determination of so-called automotive glass, and the visible light transmittance. Is the average value based on the method determined by JISZ8722 and the solar transmittance determined by ISO-DIS13837.
[0029]
【Example】
Hereinafter, description will be given based on examples.
[0030]
(Example 1)
A float glass having a thickness of 2 mm and 300 mm × 300 mm and a PET film having a thickness of 0.1 mm and 300 mm × 300 mm were prepared. First, 10 g of dispersed ultrafine particles (material: 20 wt% ATO (conductive antimony-containing tin oxide), particle size: 0.02 μm or less) dispersed DOP (dioctyl phthalate) and normal DOP were added to 485 g of PVB resin, And about 15 minutes at about 70 ° C. and mixed. The obtained film-forming raw material resin was formed into a film having a thickness of about 0.38 mm at around 190 ° C. using a mold extruder, and wound up on a roll. At this time, unevenness called emboss was provided on the film surface.
[0031]
Next, the PVB film was cut into a size of 300 mm x 300 mm to obtain two PVB films. From above, a float glass, a PVB film, a PET film, a PVB film, and a float glass were stacked and subjected to a vitrification process. Lamination is performed in two stages: preliminary bonding (rubber vacuum bag, 80 to 110 ° C, 20 to 30 minutes) and final bonding (autoclave, 110 to 140 ° C, 20 to 40 minutes, 10 to 14 kgf / cm ² ). I went in.
[0032]
The following tests were performed on the obtained laminated glass. The results are shown in FIGS. The total thickness of the laminated glass sample is 4.7 mm.
[0033]
FIG. 2 shows the result of the sound insulation test at 20 ° C., and the data of 2 corresponds to the present invention. The vertical axis represents sound transmission loss (dB), and the horizontal axis represents frequency (Hz). 1 is a single float glass plate (4 mm) as a reference, and 3 is a case of conventional laminated glass. It can be seen that the value of 2 of the present invention has better sound insulation performance than the value of the float glass 1. That is, in the laminated glass according to the present invention, almost no coincidence effect was recognized, and the sound insulation performance at 2500 to 5000 Hz was about 9 dB, which was confirmed to be 5 dB or more. In addition, the measurement of the sound insulation performance was performed according to JISA1416.
[0034]
FIG. 3 is a spectral transmission curve. The vertical axis represents the transmittance (%) and the horizontal axis represents the wavelength (nm), where 1 indicates the present invention and 2 indicates the case of conventional laminated glass. In the laminated glass according to the present invention, while the transmittance is secured in the visible light range, the transmittance is significantly reduced in the infrared and far-infrared ranges, indicating that the solar shading property has been significantly increased. I have. As a result, the visible light transmittance at 380 to 780 nm is 77%, the solar transmittance at 300 to 2500 nm is 46%, the visible light transmittance is 70% or more, and the solar transmittance is 60% or less. confirmed. In addition, the visible light transmittance was measured according to JISZ8722, and the solar transmittance was measured according to ISO-DIS13837.
[0035]
In addition, a perspective distortion test, a double image test, a light resistance test, a heat resistance test, a moisture resistance test, a head form test, and the like based on JISR3211 were also performed, and it was confirmed that all tests were passed.
[0036]
(Example 2)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a PVB film having functional ultrafine particles of 0.32 mm was obtained, and a similar test was performed using laminated glass having the same dimensions. As a result, the sound insulation performance at 2500 to 5000 Hz was 8 dB, the visible light transmittance was 76%, and the solar radiation transmittance was 48%. In addition, a perspective distortion test, a double image test, a light resistance test, a heat resistance test, a moisture resistance test, a head form test, and the like based on JISR3211 were also performed, and it was confirmed that all tests were passed. The total thickness of the laminated glass sample was 4.7 mm.
[0037]
(Example 3)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a PVB film having 0.38 mm of functional ultrafine particles was obtained. A float glass having the same dimensions was changed to 1.8 mm, and the same test was performed on the laminated glass. As a result, the sound insulation performance at 2500 to 5000 Hz was 12 dB, the visible light transmittance was 78%, and the solar radiation transmittance was 40%. In addition, a perspective distortion test, a double image test, a light resistance test, a heat resistance test, a moisture resistance test, a head form test, and the like based on JISR3211 were also performed, and it was confirmed that all tests were passed. The total thickness of the laminated glass sample was 4.3 mm.
[0038]
(Comparative Example 1)
A laminated glass similar to that of Example 1 was produced without a PET film. A similar test was performed on the laminated glass. As a result, the sound insulation performance at 2500 to 5000 Hz was 4 dB, equivalent to that of ordinary laminated glass, and a problem occurred in the sound insulation performance. The total thickness of the laminated glass sample was 4.7 mm, the visible light transmittance was 77%, and the solar transmittance was 46%.
[0039]
(Comparative Example 2)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a PVB film having 0.28 mm of functional ultrafine particles was obtained, and a similar test was performed using laminated glass having the same dimensions. As a result, the sound insulation performance at 2500 to 5000 Hz was 8 dB, the visible light transmittance was 73%, and the sunlight transmittance was 51%. There was no major problem with the sound insulation performance and the sunlight transmittance. Did not pass. The total thickness of this sample was 4.64 mm.
[0040]
(Comparative Example 3)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a PVB film having 0.43 mm of functional ultrafine particles was obtained, and a similar test was performed using laminated glass having the same dimensions. At this time, the thickness of the float glass was 2.3 mm. As a result, the sound insulation performance at 2500 to 5000 Hz was 10 dB, the visible light transmittance was 74%, and the solar radiation transmittance was 39%. However, the total thickness of the laminated glass sample was 5.5 mm, which was about 17% larger than that of Example 1, and greatly exceeded the thickness of the conventional automobile windshield. It could not be practically used as glass.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the laminated glass of this invention, the lightweight laminated glass which improved both sound insulation and solar shading can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the results of a sound insulation test at 20 ° C. obtained in Example 1.
FIG. 3 shows the result of a spectral transmission curve obtained in Example 1.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Glass plate 2 Intermediate film 3 Sound insulation film 4 Intermediate film 5 Glass plate

Claims (4)

In a laminated glass having an interlayer film between two glass plates, a sound insulating film is sandwiched between two interlayer films having solar shading performance, and has solar shading performance and sound insulating performance. And a total thickness of 4 mm or more and 5 mm or less. 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the interlayer having solar radiation shielding performance is 0.3 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less per sheet. 3. 3. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the sound insulation performance is 5 dB or more at 2500 to 5000 Hz. 4. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a visible light transmittance is 70% or more and a solar transmittance is 60% or less.

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