JP2004170000A - Polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) incineration/melting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To render harmless a container from which PCB oil was drained and a PCB contaminated matter. <P>SOLUTION: In this PCB incineration/melting furnace, a primary combustion chamber 3 is formed in a furnace 1 on the lower side of a water-cooled grate 2 and a secondary combustion chamber 4 is formed on the upper side thereof. A PCB burner 6 burning the mixture of PCB oil and pure oxygen and an auxiliary burner 5 burning the mixture of auxiliary fuel and pure oxygen are installed in the primary combustion chamber 3, and the primary combustion chamber 3 is kept at a temperature of 1700°C or higher. An air supply port 15 for filling secondary combustion air enriched with oxygen is provided in the secondary combustion chamber 4 to keep the secondary combustion chamber 4 at a temperature of 1300 to 1500°C. An inlet port 7 for PCB contaminated matter is provided in the secondary combustion chamber 4, and a feeding device 8 is installed on the outside of the inlet 7. The PCB contaminated matter such as containers is thrown from the inlet 7 into the secondary combustion chamber 4 through the feeding device 8 and incinerated/molten. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a PCB oil, a container containing the PCB oil, and a PCB incineration / melting furnace that detoxifies and incinerates and contaminates PCB contaminants contaminated by the PCB such as waste cloth at a high temperature.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method of decomposing toxic PCBs to make them harmless, there are heat treatment and chemical decomposition treatment. In the case of heat treatment, PCB oil was sprayed into an incinerator heated to 1100 ° C. or more to thermally decompose. In this method, it is possible to treat at a thermal decomposition efficiency of 99.99999%, but the container such as a condenser, a transformer, a ballast, etc., which has previously contained the PCB oil, and a PCB, such as waste, generated during the handling thereof. Contaminants could not be treated. Similarly, in the case of a chemical decomposition treatment (dechlorination decomposition, hydrothermal oxidation decomposition, reduction thermochemical decomposition, photolysis, etc.), the PCB itself can be decomposed, but the PCB container and contaminants cannot be processed. There was a problem.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of decomposing PCB itself by heating and decomposing it, and at the same time decomposing PCB contaminants, such as PCB containers containing PCBs and waste materials generated during handling, by heat decomposition. The aim is to propose a possible PCB incineration and melting furnace.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the invention of claim 1 includes a primary combustion chamber formed below a water-cooled roaster in a furnace, a secondary combustion chamber formed above a water-cooled roster in a furnace,
A PCB burner installed in the primary combustion chamber to mix and burn PCB oil and pure oxygen, and a supplementary fuel mixed with pure oxygen installed in the primary combustion chamber to maintain the primary combustion chamber at 1700 ° C or more. An auxiliary burner that burns and burns; an inlet for PCB contaminants provided on the furnace wall above the position of the water-cooled roaster; and a device that is disposed outside the inlet and feeds the PCB contaminants to the inlet. And an air supply port provided in the secondary combustion chamber to inject oxygen-enriched secondary combustion air in order to maintain the secondary combustion chamber at 1300 to 1500 ° C.
[0005]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the water-cooled roaster is arranged in two or more stages so that the cross-section is staggered.
[0006]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, a pure oxygen burner is installed in the primary combustion chamber and / or the secondary combustion chamber.
[0007]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, the feeding device portion is covered with a closed container, the container is suctioned under vacuum to maintain a negative pressure, and the suction exhaust gas is supplied to the secondary combustion chamber. It is characterized by being connected to the air supply port.
[0008]
A fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the exhaust gas of the secondary combustion chamber is introduced into a gas cooling tower and cooled instantaneously to 200 ° C. or less.
[0009]
A sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, slaked lime and activated carbon are blown into exhaust gas discharged from an outlet of the gas cooling tower, and then collected by a bag filter.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a PCB incineration / melting furnace according to the present invention. In the middle of the furnace 1, water-cooled roastles 2 are arranged in two stages with a staggered cross section. The water-cooled roaster 2 can be arranged in three or more stages. A primary combustion chamber 3 is formed below the water-cooled roaster 2, and a secondary combustion chamber 4 is formed above the water-cooled roaster 2. An auxiliary burner 5 is installed in the primary combustion chamber 3 and mixes and burns auxiliary fuel (fuel oil A, kerosene, gas) and pure oxygen at startup. This combustion is automatically controlled, and the primary combustion chamber 3 is maintained at 1700 ° C. or higher. Further, a PCB burner 6 is installed in the primary combustion chamber 3, and in a state where the primary combustion chamber 3 is maintained at 1700 ° C. or more, the PCB oil and pure oxygen are mixed and burned to be thermally decomposed.
[0011]
An inlet 7 is provided in the furnace wall of the secondary combustion chamber 4 slightly above the water-cooled roster 2, and the PCB contaminants are injected. A device 8 for sending PCB contaminants to the inlet 7 is provided outside the inlet 7. The feeding device 8 is covered by a closed container 9. The feeding device 8 is constituted by a hopper 11, a double damper 12, and a pusher 14 driven by an air cylinder 13. PCB contaminants such as a container or a waste after extracting PCB oil are put into the hopper 11, After passing through the double damper 12, it is pushed out to the inlet 7 by the pusher 14.
[0012]
Normally, the feeding device 8 is covered with a closed container 9 and is sucked by a vacuum pump (not shown) to keep the inside of the closed container 9 at a negative pressure. The closed container 9 is opened only when a PCB contaminant such as a container is charged into the hopper 11, and otherwise closed and shut off from the atmosphere to prevent the PCB from scattering and diffusing from the contaminant. PCB contaminants, such as containers and waste, thrown into the water-cooled roaster 2 in the secondary combustion chamber 4 from the inlet 7 are heated by hot air of 1700 ° C. or more from below the water-cooled roaster 2, and combustible materials are gaseous. The residue is melted to become slag and metal, and falls into the primary combustion chamber 3 below the water-cooled roaster 2. The dropped slag and metal are separated, taken out of the primary combustion chamber 3, and recycled.
[0013]
The secondary combustion chamber 4 is supplied with combustion gas at 1700 ° C. or higher from the primary combustion chamber 3, is supplied with oxygen-enriched secondary combustion air from an air supply port 15, and is further supplied with pure oxygen burners 16 and 24. By injecting oxygen, the inside of the secondary combustion chamber 4 is kept at 1300 to 1500 ° C., and the combustibles are completely burned. The combustion state in the secondary combustion chamber 4 fluctuates due to the introduction of PCB contaminants or the like. The flow rate is automatically controlled in the secondary combustion chamber 4 so that the combustion gas stays for 2 seconds or more.
[0014]
Next, the exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber 4 is sent to the gas cooling tower 17. In the gas cooling tower 17, the exhaust water is instantaneously cooled to 200 ° C. or less by injecting the cooling water from the nozzle 18, thereby preventing the re-synthesis of the PCB. Next, activated carbon and slaked lime are blown into the exhaust gas discharged from the gas cooling tower 17 by the blowing device 19, and PCB contained in the exhaust gas is adsorbed, and then collected by the bag filter 21. Next, the exhaust gas is sucked by the induced exhaust fan 22 and discharged from the chimney 23 as clean exhaust gas.
[0015]
When the PCB oil is extracted from the container as a pre-incineration process, a vacuum pump is used and the exhaust of the vacuum pump is sent to the air supply port 15 of the secondary combustion chamber 4 without discharging the exhaust gas to the atmosphere. The air is sent into the secondary combustion chamber 4 together with the air. Similarly, the vacuum exhaust of the closed container 9 is also sent to the air supply port 15 so as not to be released to the atmosphere.
In addition, in the PCB burner 6 of the primary combustion chamber 3, pure oxygen is injected, so that the PCB oil and oxygen are easily mixed and the decomposition efficiency is improved. Similarly, the provision of the pure oxygen burners 16 and 24 in the secondary combustion chamber 4 increases the speed of incineration and melting of the PCB container and the PCB contaminants.
[0016]
The present invention eliminates the need for solvent washing, disassembly separation, and crushing and sorting steps that were performed in conventional PCB container processing, and ensures that the PCB container is directly put into the furnace, incinerated, and melted to ensure its safety. It is processed.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the PCB oil is burned together with the auxiliary fuel in the primary combustion chamber to be thermally decomposed, and at the same time, the PCB contaminants are heated and melted in the secondary combustion chamber to decompose the PCB. This makes it possible to detoxify PCB contaminants, which has been troublesome in the past.
[0018]
According to the invention of claim 2, by arranging the water-cooled roaster in two or more stages so that the cross section is staggered, the input PCB contaminants are held on the water-cooled roaster and heated and melted. In addition, the furnace does not fall from between the water-cooled roasters, and the inside of the furnace is stabilized.
[0019]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the pure oxygen burners are installed in the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, the respective combustion chambers are reliably maintained at a predetermined temperature, and the PCB is thermally decomposed.
[0020]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the feeding device is covered with a closed container, the container is suctioned under vacuum to maintain a negative pressure, and the suction exhaust gas is connected to the air supply port of the secondary combustion chamber. This prevents the PCB from scattering and diffusing from the part.
[0021]
According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention, the exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber is introduced into the gas cooling tower and is cooled to 200 ° C. or less instantaneously. After injecting slaked lime and activated carbon into the airbag and collecting the collected air with a bag filter, it is possible to reliably remove the PCB in the exhaust gas.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a PCB incineration / melting furnace according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace 2 Water-cooled roaster 3 Primary combustion chamber 4 Secondary combustion chamber 5 Auxiliary burner 6 PCB burner 7 Input port 8 Feeding device 9 Airtight container 11 Hopper 12 Double damper 13 Air cylinder 14 Pusher 15 Air supply port 16 Pure oxygen burner 17 Gas Cooling tower 18 Nozzle 19 Blower 21 Bag filter 22 Induced exhaust fan 23 Chimney 24 Pure oxygen burner

Claims (6)

A primary combustion chamber formed below a water-cooled roster in the furnace,
A secondary combustion chamber formed above a water-cooled roaster in the furnace,
A PCB burner installed in the primary combustion chamber for mixing and burning PCB oil and pure oxygen;
An auxiliary burner installed in the primary combustion chamber to maintain the primary combustion chamber at 1700 ° C. or higher and mix and burn auxiliary fuel and pure oxygen;
An inlet for PCB contaminants provided on the furnace wall above the position of the water-cooled roster,
A device disposed outside the input port for feeding PCB contaminants to the input port;
An inlet for injecting oxygen-enriched secondary combustion air provided in the secondary combustion chamber to maintain the secondary combustion chamber at 1300 to 1500 ° C;
A PCB incineration / melting furnace comprising: The PCB incineration / melting furnace according to claim 1,
The incineration / melting furnace, wherein the water-cooled roaster is arranged in two or more stages so that the cross section is staggered. The PCB incineration / melting furnace according to claim 1 or 2,
A PCB incineration / melting furnace, wherein a pure oxygen burner is installed in the primary combustion chamber and / or the secondary combustion chamber. The PCB incineration / melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A PCB incineration / melting furnace, wherein the feeding device is covered with a closed container, the container is suctioned under vacuum to maintain a negative pressure, and suction exhaust is connected to an air supply port of a secondary combustion chamber. The PCB incineration / melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A PCB incineration / melting furnace, wherein the exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber is introduced into a gas cooling tower and cooled instantaneously to 200 ° C. or lower. The PCB incineration / melting furnace according to claim 5,
A PCB incineration / melting furnace, wherein slaked lime and activated carbon are blown into exhaust gas discharged from an outlet of the gas cooling tower, and then collected by a bag filter.

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