JP2004164905A - Film-armored battery and battery pack - Google Patents

Film-armored battery and battery pack Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004164905A
JP2004164905A JP2002326824A JP2002326824A JP2004164905A JP 2004164905 A JP2004164905 A JP 2004164905A JP 2002326824 A JP2002326824 A JP 2002326824A JP 2002326824 A JP2002326824 A JP 2002326824A JP 2004164905 A JP2004164905 A JP 2004164905A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
battery
film
covered
lead terminal
electrode lead
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JP2002326824A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Makihiro Otohata
牧宏 乙幡
Hiroshi Yagata
弘志 屋ケ田
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NEC Lamilion Energy Ltd
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NEC Lamilion Energy Ltd
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Priority to JP2002326824A priority Critical patent/JP2004164905A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2003/014299 priority patent/WO2004045006A1/en
Publication of JP2004164905A publication Critical patent/JP2004164905A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/10—Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules
    • H01G11/12—Stacked hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/74—Terminals, e.g. extensions of current collectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/74—Terminals, e.g. extensions of current collectors
    • H01G11/76—Terminals, e.g. extensions of current collectors specially adapted for integration in multiple or stacked hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
    • H01M50/51—Connection only in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H01M50/516—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by welding, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H01M50/557—Plate-shaped terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a film-armored battery allowing electrode lead terminals to be easily connected with each other in serially connecting a plurality of the batteries, and hardly causing rise of resistance due to the connection. <P>SOLUTION: This film-armored battery is armored by an armoring body film provided with a recessed part for housing a battery element, and has flat surfaces on the front and back sides sealed and formed by thermally welding the joint surface of the armoring film around the battery element. The film-armored battery is characterized by that the positive electrode lead terminal and the negative electrode lead terminal are extracted from the thermally welding surface on one side of the film-armored battery and the thermally welding surface on the side opposite to it, respectively; and the height of the positive electrode lead terminal and that of the negative electrode lead terminal from one of the flat surfaces are different from each other at the respective extraction parts. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電池要素をフィルム外装体に収納したフィルム外装電池およびこのフィルム外装電池を２つ以上直列に接続してなる組電池に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年、携帯機器等の電源としての電池は、軽量化、薄型化が強く要求されており、電池の外装体に関しても、軽量化、薄型化に限界のある従来の金属缶に代わり、軽量化、薄型化が可能であり、金属缶に比べて自由な形状を採ることが可能である外装体として、金属薄膜フィルムまたは金属薄膜と熱融着性樹脂フィルムからなるラミネートフィルムを用いたものが使用されるようになった。
【０００３】
ラミネートフィルムとしては、金属薄膜としてアルミニウム薄膜を用い、この両面に熱融着性樹脂フィルム層を積層したラミネートフィルムが用いられている。ラミネートフィルムを用いたフィルム外装電池においては、通常、外装体外面にナイロン層やポリエチレンテレフタレート層が、内面にポリエチレン層やポリプロピレン層がくるように配置される。このラミネートフィルムからなる外装体の内部に、正極、負極、電解質からなる電池要素が収納され、当該外装体の周囲は熱融着によって接合される。
【０００４】
ある程度の厚みを持った電池要素をラミネートフィルムから成る外装体に収納する場合、例えば、特許文献１に開示されているように、ラミネートフィルムに電池要素の厚みとほぼ等しい皿形の電池要素収納部を設ける手法が一般的に用いられる。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特開昭６３−３１８０６６号公報
また、ハイブリッド自動車などの大型機器向けの電池においても、外装体にフィルムを用いることで、金属缶を用いた電池に比べて薄型・軽量ながら電極面積を大きくすることができるため、高出力・大容量の電池用外装体として使われ始めており、数十〜数百個のフィルム外装電池を接続して用いることもある。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ハイブリッド自動車用電池などの用途では、高出力での使用が頻繁に発生する。高出力時すなわち大電流放電時には、わずかな電気抵抗が無視できない電圧低下（ＩＲドロップ）を引き起こし、放電時にカットオフ電圧に早く到達してしまい、電池から取り出せる容量を著しく低下させてしまうことがある。
【０００７】
従来のフィルム外装電池では、電池要素周囲のフィルム熱融着面がフィルム外装電池平坦面と平行に設けられているので、正極のリード端子および負極のリード端子が熱融着面の間から外装電池平坦面と平行に突出する。このため複数のフィルム外装電池の平坦面を重ねてリード同士を直列接続するには、例えば、一方のリード端子を折り曲げて隣接するフィルム外装電池の対極リード端子に近接させることが必要である。このリード端子の折り曲げに起因し、フィルム外装電池の厚み分以上の長さのリードが必要になり、その経路分のリードの電気抵抗が発生する。またリード端子を折り曲げずに接続部材で接続するとしても、接続部材が余計な電気抵抗部となり、高出力で使用する時に、前述のように電池容量の低下を引き起こすことがある。
【０００８】
本発明の第１の目的は、複数の電池を直列接続する際に、電極リード端子同士を容易に接続でき、接続による電気抵抗上昇の小さいフィルム外装電池およびこのフィルム外装電池を用いた組電池を提供することにある。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するための、本発明の、電池要素を収納するための凹部が設けられてなる外装体フィルムにより外装され、前記電池要素の周囲の前記外装フィルムの接合面を熱融着して密封形成された表裏に平坦面を有するフィルム外装電池は、正極リード端子および負極リード端子が、前記フィルム外装電池の一つの辺の熱融着面と、対向する逆側の辺の熱融着面とからそれぞれ引き出され、前記一つの平坦面からの高さが、正極リード端子、負極リード端子それぞれの引き出し部で異なることを特徴とする。
【００１０】
また上記目的を達成するための、本発明の、上記（１）記載のフィルム外装電池は、さらに、少なくとも対向する２辺の少なくとも一部の熱融着面が、前記平坦面と平行とならないように形成されていることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
また上記目的を達成するための、本発明の、上記（１）または（２）記載のフィルム外装電池は、さらに、一方の極のリード端子が、前記フィルム外装電池の一方の前記平坦面と略同じ高さに、他方の極のリード端子が、他方の前記平坦面と略同じ高さに配置されていることを特徴とする。
【００１２】
また上記目的を達成するための、本発明の、上記（１）ないし（３）のいずれかに記載のフィルム外装電池は、さらに、前記電池要素が、化学電池またはキャパシタの電池要素であることを特徴とする。
【００１３】
また上記目的を達成するための、本発明の、複数のフィルム外装電池から成る組電池は、上記（１）ないし（４）のいずれかに記載のフィルム外装電池の少なくとも２つを、前記平坦面同士を対向させて積み重ね、直列に接続して成る電池群を少なくとも一つ有することを特徴とする。
【００１４】
このように、本発明のフィルム外装電池では一つの平坦面からの高さが、正極リード端子、負極リード端子それぞれの引き出し部で異なっているため、複数のフィルム外装電池を重ねる場合、隣り合うフィルム外装電池のリード端子が近接するように配置できる。これにより、容易にリード端子同士の接続をすることができ、接続部の電気抵抗を抑えることができる。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の実施の形態について図を参照して説明する。
【００１６】
本発明の実施形態の一例によるフィルム外装電池の斜視図を図１に、図１に示すフィルム外装電池の分解斜視図を図２に、図２に示すフィルム外装電池の分解斜視図の視点を電池要素５の側面に移して見た場合の図（側面図と表すことがある）を図３に示す。
【００１７】
図２に示すように、フィルム外装電池１は電池要素５を収納した外装体フィルム２と、電池要素５と接続されて外装体フィルム２の外部に突出した正極リード端子３および負極リード端子４から成り、図１に示されているように、外装体フィルム２は電池要素５を収納する凹部に収納され、凹部の周囲に設けられた接合面で熱融着されて密封封止されている。
【００１８】
外装体フィルム２は電池要素５を収納するための凹部が絞り成型により形成されており、フィルム外装電池１の一方の平坦面からの高さが、正極リード端子、負極リード端子それぞれの引き出し部で異なる形状を有している。
【００１９】
複数のフィルム外装電池１を重ね合わせて直列接続した外観を示す斜視図を図４に、図４に示した直列接続状態の分解図を図５に示す。
【００２０】
図５に示すように、本発明の複数のフィルム外装電池１は、その向きを１８０度回転させて平坦部を重ね合わせていくことで、上下に隣接するそれぞれのフィルム外装電池１の正極リード端子３と負極リード端子４とを近接して向かい合わせることができる。これにより、本発明のフィルム外装電池１は、直列接続を容易に行なうことができる。
【００２１】
以上説明したように、フィルム外装電池の一方の平坦面からの高さが、正極リード端子、負極リード端子それぞれの引き出し部で異なっているため、複数のフィルム外装電池１を重ね合わせて直列接続する際に、リード端子を大きく折り曲げるなどの手法をとる必要がなく、公知の方法にて容易に複数のフィルム外装電池１を直列接続することができる。また、各リード端子の突出部を近接して接続できるため、接続による電気抵抗増加を抑えることができ、高出力使用時においての電池容量低下が抑制される。
【００２２】
【実施例】
（実施例１）
次に、具体的な実施例を用いてさらに本発明を説明する。
【００２３】
〈正極の製作〉
スピネル構造を持つマンガン酸リチウム粉末、炭素質導電性付与材、およびポリフッ化ビニリデンを９０：５：５の重量比でＮ−メチルピロリドン（ＮＭＰと表すことがある）に混合分散、攪拌してスラリーとした。ＮＭＰの量はスラリーが適当な粘度になるように調整した。このスラリーを、ドクターブレードを用いて、正極集電体となる厚さ２０ミクロンのアルミニウム箔の片面に均一に塗布した。塗布時には、わずかに未塗布部（集電体が露出している部分）が筋状にできるようにした。次にこれを１００℃で２時間真空乾燥させた。同様にもう一方の面にもスラリーを塗布し、真空乾燥させた。この際、表裏の未塗布部が一致するようにした。
【００２４】
このようにして両面に活物質を塗布したシートをロールプレスした。これを未塗布部を含めて矩形に切り出したものを正極電極板６とした。活物質未塗布部は片側の一部を矩形に残した他は切り取り、残った部分をリード部とした。
【００２５】
〈負極の製作〉
アモルファスカーボン粉末、ポリフッ化ビニリデンを９１：９の重量比でＮＭＰに混合、分散、攪拌してスラリーとした。ＮＭＰの量はスラリーが適当な粘度になるように調整した。このスラリーを、ドクターブレードを用いて負極集電体となる厚さ１０ミクロンの銅箔の片面に均一に塗布した。塗布時には、わずかに未塗布部（集電体が露出している部分）が筋状にできるようにした。次にこれを１００℃で２時間真空乾燥した。なお、このとき負極層の単位面積あたりの理論容量と正極層の単位面積あたりの理論容量を１：１となるように活物質層の膜厚を調整した。同様にもう一方の面にもスラリーを塗布し真空乾燥した。
【００２６】
このようにして両面に活物質を塗布したシートをロールプレスした。これを正極のサイズよりも縦横２ｍｍずつ大きいサイズに、未塗布部を含めて矩形に切り出したものを負極電極板７とした。活物質未塗布部は片側の一部を矩形に残した他は切り取り、残った部分をリード部とした。
【００２７】
〈電池要素の製作〉
上記のようにして作製した正極電極板６と負極電極板７、およびポリプロピレン層／ポリエチレン層／ポリプロピレン層の三層構造を持つマイクロポーラスセパレーター８を図６に示すように交互に積層した。電極の最外側は負極となるようにし、その負極のさらに外側にセパレーターを設置した（セパレーター／負極電極板／セパレーター／正極電極板／セパレーター／・・・・・・／負極電極板／セパレーター、という順番）。
【００２８】
積層した正極電極板６のリード部と、正極のリード端子３としてのアルミニウム板（厚さ０．１ｍｍ）を、一方の電極積層体平坦面と正極リード端子３が略同じ高さになるようにして、一括して超音波溶接した。同様に負極電極板７のリード部と負極のリード端子４としてのニッケル板（厚さ０．１ｍｍ）を、正極とは反対側の平坦面と負極リード端子４が略同じ高さになるようにして、一括して超音波溶接した。
【００２９】
〈フィルム外装電池の製作〉
ナイロン層／アルミニウム層／酸変性ポリプロピレン層／ポリプロピレン層の四層構造を持つアルミラミネートフィルムである外装体フィルム２に、電池要素５よりも一回り大きいサイズの深絞り加工による収納部をポリプロピレン側が凹状となるように設けた。図２および３に示すように、電池要素５収納部の平坦面と、対向する２辺の接合面が作る面とが平行とならないように外装体フィルム２を形成し、２枚の外装体フィルム２を組み合わせることで電池要素５を収納できるようにした。
【００３０】
上記の電池要素５を、図２および３に示すように、正極リード端子３および負極リード端子４のみが外装体フィルム２から突出するようにして、２枚の外装体フィルム２を用いて電池要素を収納部に収納し、接合部を重ね合わせて熱融着し外装体の周囲三辺を接合した。
【００３１】
次に接合してない残りの１辺から電池要素５収納部に電解液を注液した。
【００３２】
電解液は、１ｍｏｌ／ＬのＬｉＰＦ６を支持塩とし、プロピレンカーボネートとエチレンカーボネートの混合溶媒（重量比５０：５０）を溶媒とするものを用いた。電解液を注液した後、真空中にて外装体を封止し、ラミネートフィルム外装体を有するリチウム二次電池であるフィルム外装電池１を得た。
【００３３】
〈フィルム外装電池の直列接続〉
複数の上記フィルム外装電池１を、図５に示すように、１８０度回転させて平坦部を重ね合わせると、隣接するフィルム外装電池１同士の正極リード端子３と負極リード端子４が近接して向かい合わせになる。それぞれの向かい合ったリード端子を超音波溶接にて接続し、図４に示すフィルム外装電池１を直列に接続して成る電池群を有する組電池を得た。
【００３４】
なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されず、本発明の技術思想の範囲内において、適宜変更され得ることは明らかである。
【００３５】
例えば、外装体フィルムなどの材料を同様の効果が見込まれる他の材料とすることができる。また、フィルム外装電池平坦面から各電極のリード端子までの高さを変えるために、フィルム外装電池平坦面と平行とはならない部分は熱融着辺の一部のみとして、熱融着辺が段差形状を有していても良い。また、外装体フィルムは２枚とも同じ形状でなくても良く、一方の外装体フィルムは絞り加工がされていないものでも良い。また、１枚の外装体フィルムを折り曲げて３辺を接合して電池要素を収納しても良い。また、上述した実施例では電池要素としてリチウム二次電池の電池要素を例にして説明したが、ニッケル水素電池、ニッケルカドミウム電池、リチウムメタル一次電池あるいは二次電池、リチウムポリマー電池等の他の種類の化学電池の電池要素、さらにはキャパシタ要素やコンデンサ要素などにも適用することができる。
【００３６】
本発明においては、前記キャパシタ要素およびコンデンサ要素も本発明の電池要素に含めるものとし、これらをも含めて電池要素と表す。また、キャパシタおよびコンデンサも本発明の電池に含めるものとし、これらをも含め電池と表す。
【００３７】
（比較例１）
図７に従来の技術によるフィルム外装電池１の斜視図を、図８に、図７に示した従来の技術によるフィルム外装電池１の分解斜視図を示す。
【００３８】
電池要素５および電極リード端子３、４は本発明の実施例と同様であるが、一方の外装体フィルム２ａにのみ電池要素５の収納部が略直方体形状にて絞り成型されており、もう一方の外装体フィルム２ｂには電池要素５収納部は形成されていない。図７に示した従来のフィルム外装電池１を複数重ね合わせて直列接続するためには、例えば、図９に示すように各電極リード端子３、４を折り曲げて近接する形状に加工してから接続する必要があった。また、この従来のフィルム外装電池１を直列に接続して得られる組電池では、図１０に示すようにフィルム外装電池１から突出した電極リード端子が、フィルム外装電池１の厚さ分の距離を超えて隣接するフィルム外装電池１と接続されるため、図４に示す本発明の実施例と比べて接続部の長さが増え、電気抵抗が増加してしまう。
【００３９】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明のフィルム外装電池は、フィルム外装電池平坦面からの高さが熱融着面の間から突出する正極リード端子、負極のそれぞれのリード端子で異なるため、複数のフィルム外装電池を重ね合わせて直列接続する際に、リード端子を大きく折り曲げるなどの手法をとる必要がなく、容易に複数のフィルム外装電池を直列に接続することができる。また、各リード端子の突出部を近接して接続できるため、接続部の電気抵抗を抑えることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態のフィルム外装電池の外観を示す斜視図である。
【図２】図１に示した本発明のフィルム外装電池の構成を示す分解斜視図である。
【図３】図１に示した本発明のフィルム外装電池の構成を示す側面図である。
【図４】本発明の一実施形態の組電池の外観を示す斜視図である。
【図５】図４に示した本発明の組電池の構成を示す分解斜視図である。
【図６】本発明の実施例の製造方法を示す斜視図である。
【図７】従来の技術によるフィルム外装電池の外観を示す斜視図である。
【図８】従来の技術によるフィルム外装電池の構成を示す分解斜視図である。
【図９】従来の技術によるフィルム外装電池を複数直列接続する方法を示す斜視図である。
【図１０】従来の技術によるフィルム外装電池を複数直列接続した組電池の外観を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１ フィルム外装電池
２、２ａ、２ｂ 外装体フィルム
３ 正極リード端子
４ 負極リード端子
５ 電池要素
６ 正極電極板
７ 負極電極板
８ セパレーター[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a film-covered battery in which battery elements are housed in a film-covered body, and an assembled battery including two or more film-covered batteries connected in series.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, batteries as a power source for portable devices and the like have been strongly demanded to be lightweight and thin, and the outer package of the battery has been reduced in weight and weight in place of conventional metal cans, which are limited in weight and thickness. As an exterior body that can be made thinner and can take a free shape compared to a metal can, one using a metal thin film or a laminate film composed of a metal thin film and a heat-fusible resin film is used. It became so.
[0003]
As the laminate film, a laminate film in which an aluminum thin film is used as a metal thin film, and a heat-fusible resin film layer is laminated on both surfaces thereof is used. In a film-covered battery using a laminate film, usually, a nylon layer or a polyethylene terephthalate layer is disposed on the outer surface of the package, and a polyethylene layer or a polypropylene layer is disposed on the inner surface. A battery element composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte is housed inside the package made of the laminated film, and the periphery of the package is joined by heat fusion.
[0004]
When a battery element having a certain thickness is housed in an outer package made of a laminate film, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a dish-shaped battery element housing portion having a thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the battery element is provided in the laminate film. Is generally used.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-318066 Also, in a battery for a large-sized device such as a hybrid car, the use of a film for the outer package makes it possible to increase the electrode area while being thinner and lighter than a battery using a metal can. Therefore, it has begun to be used as a high-output, large-capacity battery exterior body, and tens to hundreds of film exterior batteries may be connected and used.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In applications such as batteries for hybrid vehicles, use at high output frequently occurs. At the time of high output, that is, at the time of large current discharge, a slight electric resistance causes a non-negligible voltage drop (IR drop), and reaches a cutoff voltage quickly at the time of discharge, which may significantly reduce the capacity that can be taken out of the battery. .
[0007]
In a conventional film-covered battery, the heat-sealed surface of the film around the battery element is provided in parallel with the flat surface of the film-covered battery. Projects parallel to the flat surface. For this reason, in order to connect the leads in series by overlapping the flat surfaces of a plurality of film-covered batteries, it is necessary, for example, to bend one lead terminal so as to be close to the counter electrode lead terminal of the adjacent film-covered battery. Due to the bending of the lead terminal, a lead having a length equal to or more than the thickness of the film-covered battery is required, and the electrical resistance of the lead for the path is generated. Even if the lead terminals are connected by a connecting member without being bent, the connecting member becomes an unnecessary electric resistance portion, and when used at a high output, the battery capacity may be reduced as described above.
[0008]
A first object of the present invention is to provide a film-covered battery that can easily connect electrode lead terminals when a plurality of batteries are connected in series and has a small increase in electric resistance due to the connection, and a battery pack using the film-covered battery. To provide.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is provided with an outer package film provided with a recess for accommodating a battery element, which is thermally fused to a bonding surface of the outer film around the battery element. In a film-covered battery having flat surfaces on the front and back, which are sealed and formed, the positive electrode lead terminal and the negative electrode lead terminal have a heat-bonded surface on one side of the film-covered battery and a heat-bonded surface on the opposite side opposite to the heat-bonded surface. And the height from the one flat surface is different between the lead portions of the positive lead terminal and the negative lead terminal.
[0010]
Further, in order to achieve the above object, in the film-covered battery according to the above (1) of the present invention, at least a part of the heat-sealed surface of at least two opposing sides is not parallel to the flat surface. It is characterized by being formed in.
[0011]
In order to achieve the above object, the film-covered battery according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the lead terminal of one of the poles is substantially equal to the one flat surface of the film-covered battery. The lead terminals of the other pole are arranged at the same height and at substantially the same height as the other flat surface.
[0012]
Further, in order to achieve the above object, the film-covered battery according to any one of (1) to (3) of the present invention further includes that the battery element is a battery element of a chemical battery or a capacitor. Features.
[0013]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided an assembled battery including a plurality of film-covered batteries, wherein at least two of the film-covered batteries according to any one of the above (1) to (4), It is characterized by having at least one battery group that is stacked facing each other and connected in series.
[0014]
As described above, in the film-covered battery of the present invention, since the height from one flat surface is different at the lead portion of each of the positive electrode lead terminal and the negative electrode lead terminal, when stacking a plurality of film-covered batteries, It can be arranged so that the lead terminals of the external battery are close to each other. Accordingly, the lead terminals can be easily connected to each other, and the electric resistance of the connection portion can be suppressed.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0016]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a film-covered battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the film-covered battery shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 3 shows a view (sometimes referred to as a side view) when viewed from the side of the element 5.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 2, the film-covered battery 1 is composed of an exterior film 2 containing a battery element 5, and a positive electrode lead terminal 3 and a negative electrode lead terminal 4 connected to the battery element 5 and protruding outside the exterior film 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the outer package film 2 is housed in a recess for housing the battery element 5, and is thermally sealed and hermetically sealed at a bonding surface provided around the recess.
[0018]
The package body film 2 has a concave portion for accommodating the battery element 5 formed by drawing, and the height from one flat surface of the film package battery 1 is determined by the lead portion of each of the positive electrode lead terminal and the negative electrode lead terminal. It has different shapes.
[0019]
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an appearance in which a plurality of film-covered batteries 1 are stacked and connected in series, and FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the series connection state shown in FIG.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of film-covered batteries 1 of the present invention are rotated by 180 degrees so that the flat portions overlap each other, so that the positive electrode lead terminals of the respective film-covered batteries 1 vertically adjacent to each other. 3 and the negative electrode lead terminal 4 can be closely opposed to each other. Thereby, the film-covered battery 1 of the present invention can easily perform series connection.
[0021]
As described above, since the height from one flat surface of the film-covered battery is different at each of the lead portions of the positive electrode lead terminal and the negative electrode lead terminal, a plurality of film-covered batteries 1 are stacked and connected in series. At this time, it is not necessary to take a method such as bending the lead terminal largely, and a plurality of film-covered batteries 1 can be easily connected in series by a known method. In addition, since the protruding portions of the lead terminals can be connected close to each other, an increase in electrical resistance due to the connection can be suppressed, and a decrease in battery capacity during high output use can be suppressed.
[0022]
【Example】
(Example 1)
Next, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
[0023]
<Production of positive electrode>
A lithium manganate powder having a spinel structure, a carbonaceous conductivity-imparting material, and polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed and dispersed in N-methylpyrrolidone (sometimes referred to as NMP) at a weight ratio of 90: 5: 5, and the slurry is stirred. And The amount of NMP was adjusted so that the slurry had an appropriate viscosity. This slurry was uniformly applied to one surface of a 20-μm-thick aluminum foil serving as a positive electrode current collector using a doctor blade. At the time of coating, a slightly uncoated portion (a portion where the current collector is exposed) was formed into a streak shape. Next, it was vacuum dried at 100 ° C. for 2 hours. Similarly, the slurry was applied to the other surface and dried under vacuum. At this time, the uncoated portions on the front and back sides were made to coincide.
[0024]
The sheet coated with the active material on both sides in this manner was roll-pressed. This was cut into a rectangular shape including the uncoated portion to obtain a positive electrode plate 6. The active material non-applied portion was cut off except for leaving a portion of one side in a rectangular shape, and the remaining portion was used as a lead portion.
[0025]
<Production of negative electrode>
Amorphous carbon powder and polyvinylidene fluoride were mixed in NMP at a weight ratio of 91: 9, dispersed and stirred to form a slurry. The amount of NMP was adjusted so that the slurry had an appropriate viscosity. This slurry was uniformly applied to one surface of a 10-μm-thick copper foil serving as a negative electrode current collector using a doctor blade. At the time of coating, a slightly uncoated portion (a portion where the current collector is exposed) was formed into a streak shape. Next, it was vacuum dried at 100 ° C. for 2 hours. At this time, the thickness of the active material layer was adjusted so that the theoretical capacity per unit area of the negative electrode layer and the theoretical capacity per unit area of the positive electrode layer were 1: 1. Similarly, the slurry was applied to the other surface and dried under vacuum.
[0026]
The sheet coated with the active material on both sides in this manner was roll-pressed. The negative electrode plate 7 was obtained by cutting this into a size larger by 2 mm in length and width than the size of the positive electrode and including an uncoated portion in a rectangular shape. The active material non-applied portion was cut off except for leaving a portion of one side in a rectangular shape, and the remaining portion was used as a lead portion.
[0027]
<Production of battery element>
The positive electrode plate 6, the negative electrode plate 7, and the microporous separator 8 having a three-layer structure of polypropylene layer / polyethylene layer / polypropylene layer, which were manufactured as described above, were alternately laminated as shown in FIG. The outermost side of the electrode was a negative electrode, and a separator was provided outside the negative electrode (separator / negative electrode plate / separator / positive electrode plate / separator /.../ negative electrode plate / separator). Order).
[0028]
The lead portion of the laminated positive electrode plate 6 and an aluminum plate (thickness 0.1 mm) as the positive electrode lead terminal 3 were placed such that the flat surface of one of the electrode laminates and the positive electrode lead terminal 3 had substantially the same height. And ultrasonic welding at once. Similarly, a lead portion of the negative electrode plate 7 and a nickel plate (0.1 mm in thickness) as the negative lead terminal 4 are set so that the flat surface on the opposite side to the positive electrode and the negative lead terminal 4 have substantially the same height. And ultrasonic welding at once.
[0029]
<Production of film-covered battery>
An outer laminate film 2 which is an aluminum laminated film having a four-layer structure of a nylon layer / aluminum layer / acid-modified polypropylene layer / polypropylene layer is provided with a concave portion on the polypropylene side by deep drawing of a size slightly larger than the battery element 5. It was provided so that As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the outer package film 2 is formed so that the flat surface of the battery element 5 housing portion and the surface formed by the joining surfaces of the two opposing sides are not parallel to each other. By combining them, the battery element 5 can be stored.
[0030]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the battery element 5 is formed by using two exterior films 2 so that only the positive electrode lead terminal 3 and the negative electrode lead terminal 4 protrude from the exterior film 2. Was housed in a housing part, and the joining parts were overlapped and heat-sealed to join three sides around the exterior body.
[0031]
Next, an electrolytic solution was injected into the battery element 5 housing portion from the other side that was not joined.
[0032]
The electrolyte used was 1 mol / L LiPF 6 as a supporting salt and a mixed solvent of propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate (weight ratio 50:50) as a solvent. After the electrolyte solution was injected, the package was sealed in a vacuum to obtain a film package battery 1 which is a lithium secondary battery having a laminate film package.
[0033]
<Series connection of battery with film exterior>
As shown in FIG. 5, when the plurality of film-covered batteries 1 are rotated by 180 degrees and the flat portions are overlapped, the positive electrode lead terminal 3 and the negative electrode lead terminal 4 of the adjacent film-covered batteries 1 face each other. Be together. The facing lead terminals were connected by ultrasonic welding to obtain an assembled battery having a battery group formed by connecting the film-covered batteries 1 shown in FIG. 4 in series.
[0034]
It is to be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be appropriately modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.
[0035]
For example, a material such as an exterior body film can be another material that is expected to have the same effect. Also, in order to change the height from the flat surface of the film-covered battery to the lead terminals of each electrode, only the part that is not parallel to the flat surface of the film-covered battery is part of the heat-bonded side, and the heat-bonded side has a step. It may have a shape. In addition, the two exterior films need not have the same shape, and one exterior film may not be drawn. In addition, one exterior film may be bent and three sides thereof may be joined to accommodate the battery element. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the battery element of the lithium secondary battery has been described as an example of the battery element. The present invention can be applied to a battery element of a chemical battery, a capacitor element, a capacitor element, and the like.
[0036]
In the present invention, the capacitor element and the capacitor element are also included in the battery element of the present invention, and are also referred to as a battery element. Further, a capacitor and a capacitor are also included in the battery of the present invention, and these are also referred to as a battery.
[0037]
(Comparative Example 1)
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the conventional film-covered battery 1 and FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the conventional film-covered battery 1 shown in FIG.
[0038]
The battery element 5 and the electrode lead terminals 3 and 4 are the same as those in the embodiment of the present invention, but the housing part of the battery element 5 is drawn only in one of the outer body films 2a in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The battery element 5 accommodating portion is not formed in the exterior film 2b. In order to stack a plurality of the conventional film-covered batteries 1 shown in FIG. 7 and connect them in series, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, each of the electrode lead terminals 3 and 4 is bent into a close shape and then connected. I needed to. Further, in the battery pack obtained by connecting the conventional film-covered batteries 1 in series, the electrode lead terminals protruding from the film-covered battery 1 as shown in FIG. Since the battery is connected to the film-covered battery 1 that is adjacent to the battery, the length of the connection portion is increased and the electric resistance is increased as compared with the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the film-covered battery of the present invention has a plurality of films because the height from the flat surface of the film-covered battery is different between the positive lead terminal and the negative lead terminal projecting from between the heat-sealed surfaces. When the external batteries are overlapped and connected in series, it is not necessary to take a method such as bending the lead terminal largely, and a plurality of film external batteries can be easily connected in series. Further, since the protruding portions of the respective lead terminals can be connected close to each other, the electrical resistance of the connecting portions can be suppressed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a film-covered battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the film-covered battery of the present invention shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of the film-covered battery of the present invention shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the battery pack of the present invention shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a conventional film-covered battery.
FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a conventional film-covered battery.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a method of connecting a plurality of film-covered batteries in series according to a conventional technique.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the appearance of an assembled battery in which a plurality of film-covered batteries according to a conventional technique are connected in series.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Film exterior battery 2, 2a, 2b Exterior film 3 Positive lead terminal 4 Negative lead terminal 5 Battery element 6 Positive electrode plate 7 Negative electrode plate 8 Separator

Claims (5)

電池要素を収納するための凹部が設けられてなる外装体フィルムにより外装され、前記電池要素の周囲の前記外装フィルムの接合面を熱融着して密封形成された表裏に平坦面を有するフィルム外装電池において、正極リード端子および負極リード端子が、前記フィルム外装電池の一つの辺の熱融着面と、対向する逆側の辺の熱融着面とからそれぞれ引き出され、前記一つの平坦面からの高さが、正極リード端子、負極リード端子それぞれの引き出し部で異なることを特徴とするフィルム外装電池。A film package which is packaged with a package film provided with a concave portion for accommodating a battery element, and has flat surfaces on the front and back sides which are formed by heat-sealing a bonding surface of the package film around the battery element. In the battery, the positive electrode lead terminal and the negative electrode lead terminal are respectively drawn out from the heat-sealing surface on one side of the film-covered battery and the heat-sealing surface on the opposite side opposite to the one side, and from the one flat surface. Characterized in that the height of the battery is different between the lead portions of the positive electrode lead terminal and the negative electrode lead terminal. 請求項１記載のフィルム外装電池において、少なくとも対向する２辺の少なくとも一部の熱融着面が、前記平坦面と平行とならないように形成されていることを特徴とするフィルム外装電池。2. The film-covered battery according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the heat-sealed surface of at least two opposing sides is formed so as not to be parallel to the flat surface. 請求項１または２記載のフィルム外装電池において、一方の極のリード端子が、前記フィルム外装電池の一方の前記平坦面と略同じ高さに、他方の極のリード端子が、他方の前記平坦面と略同じ高さに配置されていることを特徴とするフィルム外装電池。3. The film-covered battery according to claim 1, wherein one of the lead terminals has substantially the same height as one of the flat surfaces of the film-covered battery, and the other has a lead terminal on the other of the flat surfaces. 4. A film-covered battery, wherein the battery is disposed at substantially the same height as the above. 前記電池要素が、化学電池またはキャパシタの電池要素であることを特徴とする請求項１ないし３のいずれかに記載のフィルム外装電池。The film-covered battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the battery element is a battery element of a chemical battery or a capacitor. 複数のフィルム外装電池から成る組電池において、請求項１ないし４のいずれかに記載のフィルム外装電池の少なくとも２つを、前記平坦面同士を対向させて積み重ね、直列に接続して成る電池群を少なくとも一つ有することを特徴とする組電池。A battery group comprising a plurality of film-covered batteries, wherein at least two of the film-covered batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are stacked with their flat surfaces facing each other, and connected in series. A battery pack comprising at least one battery.
JP2002326824A 2002-11-11 2002-11-11 Film-armored battery and battery pack Pending JP2004164905A (en)

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KR101245280B1 (en) 2010-10-14 2013-03-25 주식회사 엘지화학 Secondary battery with differential electrode structure
WO2015138490A1 (en) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Insulation for high voltage capacitors
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US20180151853A1 (en) * 2016-11-28 2018-05-31 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Laminated battery for serial connection and battery pack
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