JP2004163528A - Three-dimensional display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-dimensional display device which uses a projector and a holographic screen, and is simple in configuration and compact in structure. <P>SOLUTION: The three-dimensional display device is equipped with the holographic screen, a reflection mirror arranged at the rear of the holographic screen, 1st and 2nd projectors arranged in front of the holographic screen and a means for changing the luminance of two-dimensional images projected from the 1st and the 2nd projectors independently in each of the 1st and 2nd projectors. The holographic screen transmits light projected from the 1st projector, scatters the light projected from the 1st projector and reflected by the reflection mirror to an observer side and scatters the light projected from the 2nd projector to the reflection mirror side, and then transmits the scattered light of the light projected from the 2nd projector and reflected by the reflection mirror. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a three-dimensional display device, and more particularly to a three-dimensional display device that displays a three-dimensional stereoscopic image by independently changing the brightness of two-dimensional images displayed on a plurality of display surfaces using a projector. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The present inventors display a two-dimensional image on a plurality of display surfaces at different depth positions as viewed from an observer, and independently change the luminance of the two-dimensional image displayed on each display surface. By doing so, it is possible to suppress inconsistency between physiological factors of stereoscopic vision, and to display a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of a color image without using glasses. A three-dimensional display device to be used has been proposed (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[0003]
Prior art document information related to the invention of the present application includes the following.
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 3022558 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-250944 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a conventional three-dimensional display device, and is a diagram illustrating the three-dimensional display device described in FIG. 21 of Patent Document 1 described above.
The three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 10 includes a plurality of projector-type two-dimensional display devices (for example, CRT type, LCD type, ILV type, DMD type, etc.) (161 to 165) and scattering plates (166 to 170). It is used.
Here, the scattering plates (166 to 170) are scattered / transmitted or reflected, for example, like a polymer dispersed liquid crystal element, a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal element, or a combination element of a liquid crystal and a multi-lens array. And the shutters (171 to 175) can control the transmission / blocking like a twisted nematic liquid crystal element, a ferroelectric liquid crystal element, or a mechanical shutter element, for example.
However, in the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 10, it is necessary to control the scattering plates (166 to 170) in a scattering / transmission state in a time-sharing manner. Therefore, in the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. To 170) in a scattering / transmission state, a control device is required, and there is a problem that the device configuration becomes complicated.
[0005]
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating another example of the conventional three-dimensional display device, and is a diagram illustrating the three-dimensional display device described in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2 described above.
The three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 11 uses a plurality of projector-type two-dimensional display devices (161, 162) and reflective holographic diffusers (131, 132).
In the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 11, since the reflection type holographic diffusion plates (131, 132) are used, the scattering plates (166 to 170) are time-divided as in the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. Since the shutters (171 to 175) do not need to be in the transmission / blocking state at the timing of the scattering / transmission state, the shutters (171, 172) are controlled as compared with the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. Control mechanism can be simplified.
However, in the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 11, since it is necessary to arrange a plurality of reflective holographic diffusers in the depth direction when viewed from the observer 100, the depth of the three-dimensional display device becomes long, and the three-dimensional display device becomes compact. There was a problem that it could not be configured.
[0006]
As described above, the three-dimensional display device using the conventional projector-type two-dimensional display device has a problem that the configuration is complicated and the configuration cannot be made compact.
The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to use a projector and a holographic screen to provide a simple and compact three-dimensional display device. Is to provide.
The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the present specification and the accompanying drawings.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The following is a brief description of an outline of typical inventions disclosed in the present application.
That is, the present invention provides a holographic screen, a reflection mirror disposed behind the holographic screen as viewed from an observer, and a holographic screen disposed in front of the holographic screen as viewed from the observer. The first and second projectors projecting a two-dimensional image to the projector and the brightness of the two-dimensional images projected from the first and second projectors are independently controlled for each of the first and second projectors. Means for changing, wherein the first and second projectors project a display target object from two directions of the observer's line of sight to two display surfaces at different depth positions as viewed from the observer. This is a three-dimensional display device that projects a two-dimensional image.
[0008]
In the present invention, the holographic screen transmits light projected from the first projector, and transmits light projected from the first projector reflected by the reflection mirror. The light projected from the second projector is scattered toward the observer and the light projected from the second projector is scattered toward the reflection mirror, and the light projected from the second projector reflected by the reflection mirror is reflected by the reflection mirror. The scattered light is transmitted.
Further, the holographic screen transmits light projected from the first projector, and scatters the light projected from the first projector reflected by the reflection mirror toward the reflection mirror, And transmitting the scattered light of the light projected from the first projector reflected by the reflection mirror, and further scattering the light projected from the second projector toward the observer. Features.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In all the drawings for describing the embodiments, components having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof will be omitted.
[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the three-dimensional display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional display device according to the present embodiment includes a transmission type holographic screen 10, a reflection mirror 15 arranged behind the holographic screen 10 when viewed from an observer, and a reflection mirror 15 when viewed from the observer. First and second projector type two-dimensional display devices (for example, a CRT type, an LCD type, an ILV type, and a DMD type) which are arranged in front of the holographic screen 10 and project a two-dimensional image onto the holographic screen 10. Etc .; hereinafter, simply referred to as a projector.) (11, 12).
The transmission type holographic screen 10 scatters only light from a certain incident angle direction to a side opposite to the light incident side (hereinafter referred to as forward scattered light), and the incident angle of the forward scattered light is reduced. The case where light enters from the observer side is different from the case where light enters from the reflection mirror side.
In the present embodiment, the holographic screen 10 scatters light incident from the first projector 11 to the reflection mirror side, and transmits the light reflected by the reflection mirror 15 with the scattered light.
In addition, the light transmitted from the second projector 12 is transmitted, and the light transmitted through the holographic screen 10 and reflected by the reflection mirror 15 is scattered toward the observer.
[0010]
[Display principle of three-dimensional display device as a basis of the present invention]
Hereinafter, the display principle of the three-dimensional display device which is the basis of the present invention will be described.
2 to 7 are diagrams for explaining the principle of the three-dimensional display device which is the basis of the present invention.
In the three-dimensional display device illustrated in FIG. 2, a plurality of display surfaces, for example, display surfaces (101, 102) (the display surface 101 is closer to the observer 100 than the display surface 102) are set in front of the observer 100. An optical system 103 is constructed using a two-dimensional display device and various optical elements in order to display a plurality of two-dimensional images on the display surfaces (101, 102).
As shown in FIG. 3, an image obtained by projecting a three-dimensional object 104 to be presented to the observer 100 from the viewing directions of both eyes of the observer 100 onto the above-described display surfaces (101, 102) (hereinafter, “2D image”) (105, 106).
As a method of generating the 2D image, for example, a method using a two-dimensional image of the object 104 captured by a camera from the line of sight, a method of synthesizing a plurality of two-dimensional images captured from another direction, or a computer graphic There are various methods such as a method using a synthesis technique and a modeling method.
[0011]
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the 2D image (105, 106) is viewed from one point on a line connecting the right eye and the left eye of the observer 100 on both the display surface 101 and the display surface 102. Display so that they overlap.
This can be achieved, for example, by controlling the arrangement of the center position and the position of the center of gravity of the 2D images (105, 106) and the enlargement / reduction of each image.
An important point of the three-dimensional display device that is the basis of the present invention is that the brightness of each of the 2D images (105, 106) is kept constant on the device having the above-described configuration while the overall brightness viewed from the observer 100 is constant. While changing the depth corresponding to the depth position of the three-dimensional object 104.
An example of the change is described below. In this case, since the drawing is a black and white drawing, the one having higher luminance is shown darker in the following drawings for easy understanding.
For example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is on the display surface 101, as shown in FIG. 4, the luminance of the 2D image 105 on the three-dimensional object 104 is made equal to the luminance of the three-dimensional object 104, The luminance of the chemical image 106 is set to zero.
[0012]
Next, for example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is located slightly away from the observer 100 and slightly closer to the display surface 102 side than the display surface 101, as shown in FIG. The brightness is slightly lowered and the brightness of the 2D image 106 is raised slightly.
Further, for example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is further away from the observer 100 and further closer to the display surface 102 than the display surface 101, the luminance of the 2D image 105 is further increased as shown in FIG. The brightness of the 2D image 106 is further increased.
Finally, for example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is on the display surface 102, the luminance of the 2D image 106 on the three-dimensional object 104 is made equal to the luminance of the three-dimensional object 104 as shown in FIG. Of the 2D image 105 is zero.
By displaying in this manner, even if the displayed image is a 2D image (105, 106) due to physiological or psychological factors or an illusion of the observer (person) 100, the observer 100 is as if it were. It is felt that the three-dimensional object 104 is located between the display surfaces (101, 102).
That is, for example, when the 2D images (105, 106) of substantially equal luminance are displayed on the display surface (101, 102), the three-dimensional object 104 is located near the middle of the depth position of the display surface (101, 102). It feels like it is.
[0013]
In the present embodiment, light incident on the holographic screen 10 from the second projector 12 passes through the holographic screen 10, is reflected by the reflection mirror 15, is again incident on the holographic screen 10, and is observed. The light is scattered toward the observer and reaches the observer.
Therefore, the two-dimensional image projected from the second projector 12 on the holographic screen 10 is observed by a viewer as a two-dimensional image of the position of the holographic screen 10.
On the other hand, light incident on the holographic screen 10 from the first projector 11 is scattered by the holographic screen 10 toward the reflection mirror, and the scattered light is reflected by the reflection mirror 15 and transmitted through the holographic screen 10. To the observer side.
Therefore, the two-dimensional image projected from the first projector 11 onto the holographic screen 10 is observed by the observer as a two-dimensional image at a position 2T away from the position of the holographic screen 10.
Here, T is the distance between the holographic screen 10 and the reflecting mirror 15 shown in FIG.
[0014]
Therefore, the three-dimensional display device of the present embodiment is optically equivalent to the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG.
In FIG. 8, reference numeral 111 denotes a display surface composed of a two-dimensional image projected from the second projector 12 on the holographic screen 10, and 112 denotes a display surface from the first projector 11 on the holographic screen 10. And the distance between the display surface 111 and the display surface 112 is 2T described above.
Then, the two-dimensional image projected from the second projector 12 onto the holographic screen 10 is converted into the 2D image 105 described with reference to FIG. The two-dimensional image projected to the image is the 2D image 106 described in FIG. 3, and the luminance of the 2D image (105, 106) is changed as described in FIGS. By doing so, also in the present embodiment, it is possible to display a three-dimensional stereoscopic image according to the principle described in [Display Principle of Three-Dimensional Display Device as Basic of this Embodiment].
[0015]
[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional display device according to the present embodiment includes a reflective holographic screen 20, a reflective mirror 15 arranged behind the holographic screen 20 when viewed from an observer, and a reflective holographic screen 20 when viewed from the observer. First and second projector type two-dimensional display devices (for example, CRT type, LCD type, ILV type, DMD type) which are arranged in front of the holographic screen 20 and project a two-dimensional image onto the holographic screen 20. Etc .; hereinafter, simply referred to as a projector.) (11, 12).
The reflective holographic screen 20 scatters only light from a certain incident angle direction to the same side as the light incident side (hereinafter referred to as backscattered light), and the incident angle of the backscattered light is reduced. The case where light enters from the observer side is different from the case where light enters from the reflection mirror side.
In the present embodiment, holographic screen 20 scatters light incident from first projector 11 toward the observer.
In addition to transmitting the light incident from the second projector 12, the light transmitted through the holographic screen 20 scatters the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 15 toward the reflecting mirror, and the arrow in FIG. As shown in A and B, the light reflected by the reflection mirror 15 is transmitted by the light scattered toward the reflection mirror.
[0016]
In the present embodiment, the light incident on the holographic screen 20 from the second projector 12 passes through the holographic screen 20, is reflected by the reflection mirror 15, and then re-enters the holographic screen 20 and is reflected. After being scattered to the mirror side, it is reflected by the reflection mirror 15 and reaches the observer side. Therefore, the two-dimensional image projected on the holographic screen 20 from the second projector 12 is observed by the observer as a two-dimensional image at a position 2T away from the position of the holographic screen 20.
On the other hand, light incident on the holographic screen 20 from the first projector 11 is scattered by the holographic screen 20 toward the observer and reaches the observer.
Therefore, the two-dimensional image projected on the holographic screen 20 from the first projector 11 is observed by a viewer as a two-dimensional image of the position of the holographic screen 20.
[0017]
Here, T is the distance between the holographic screen 20 and the reflection mirror 15 shown in FIG.
Therefore, the three-dimensional display device of the present embodiment is also optically equivalent to the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG.
Then, the two-dimensional image projected from the first projector 11 onto the holographic screen 20 is converted into the 2D image 105 described with reference to FIG. 3 described above, and from the second projector 12 onto the holographic screen 20. The two-dimensional image projected to the image is the 2D image 106 described in FIG. 3, and the luminance of the 2D image (105, 106) is changed as described in FIGS. By doing so, also in the present embodiment, it is possible to display a three-dimensional stereoscopic image according to the principle described in [Display Principle of Three-Dimensional Display Device as Basic of this Embodiment].
[0018]
As described above, in the three-dimensional display device according to each embodiment of the present invention, only the reflection mirror 15 is disposed behind one holographic screen (10, 20). In the three-dimensional display device, the configuration can be simplified and the depth of the three-dimensional display device can be reduced as compared with the conventional three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. It becomes possible.
In each of the embodiments of the present invention, the video signal supplied to first projector 11 and second projector 12 may be a monochrome or color video signal.
In the above description, for example, a method and an apparatus for expressing the depth position of the entire three-dimensional object by using a 2D image projected from the first projector 11 and the second projector 12 have been mainly described. However, the three-dimensional display device according to each embodiment of the present invention can also be used as a method and a device for expressing the depth of a three-dimensional object itself, as described in Patent Document 1 described above.
[0019]
Similarly, the three-dimensional display device according to each of the embodiments of the present invention can be used even when the three-dimensional object itself moves as described in Patent Document 1 described above.
When the 2D image moves three-dimensionally, moving the user in the left, right, up, and down directions is similar to the case of a normal two-dimensional display device, and is a moving image in the first and second projectors (11, 12). The movement in the depth direction is possible by reproduction, and as described in Patent Document 1 described above, the change in the luminance of the 2D image projected from the first projector 11 and the second projector 12 is time-dependent. By doing so, a moving image of a three-dimensional image can be expressed.
As described above, the invention made by the inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the invention. Needless to say,
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
The following is a brief description of an effect obtained by a representative one of the inventions disclosed in the present application.
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a compact three-dimensional display device having a simple configuration using a projector and a holographic screen.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a method of generating a 2D image to be displayed on each display surface in a three-dimensional display device that is a basis of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a display principle of a three-dimensional display device which is a basis of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a display principle of a three-dimensional display device which is a basis of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a display principle of a three-dimensional display device which is a basis of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a display principle of a three-dimensional display device which is a basis of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a three-dimensional display device equivalent to the three-dimensional display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an example of a conventional three-dimensional display device.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of another example of a conventional three-dimensional display device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Transmission holographic screen, 11,12,161-165 ... Projector type two-dimensional display device, 15 ... Reflection mirror, 20 ... Reflection holographic screen, 100 ... Observer, 101,102 ... Display surface, 104 ... 3D object, 105, 106: 2D image, 131, 132: reflective holographic diffuser, 166 to 170: scattering plate, 171 to 175: shutter.

Claims (2)

Holographic screen,
A reflection mirror disposed behind the holographic screen as viewed from an observer,
First and second projectors arranged in front of the holographic screen as viewed from the observer and projecting a two-dimensional image onto the holographic screen;
Means for independently changing the luminance of a two-dimensional image projected from the first and second projectors for each of the first and second projectors,
The first and second projectors respectively project a two-dimensional image obtained by projecting a display target object from a line of sight of the observer on two display surfaces at different depth positions as viewed from the observer. ,
The holographic screen transmits light projected from the first projector, and scatters light projected from the first projector reflected by the reflection mirror toward the observer, Light projected from the second projector is scattered to the reflection mirror side, and the scattered light of light projected from the second projector reflected by the reflection mirror is transmitted. 3D display device. Holographic screen,
A reflection mirror disposed behind the holographic screen as viewed from an observer,
First and second projectors arranged in front of the holographic screen as viewed from the observer and projecting a two-dimensional image onto the holographic screen;
Means for independently changing the luminance of a two-dimensional image projected from the first and second projectors for each of the first and second projectors,
The first and second projectors respectively project a two-dimensional image obtained by projecting a display target object from a line of sight of the observer on two display surfaces at different depth positions as viewed from the observer. ,
The holographic screen transmits light projected from the first projector, and scatters light projected from the first projector reflected by the reflection mirror toward the reflection mirror, and Transmitting the scattered light of the light projected from the first projector reflected by the reflection mirror, and further scattering the light projected from the second projector toward the observer. 3D display device.

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