JP2004161644A - Pancreatic lipase inhibitor and food product containing the inhibitor - Google Patents

Pancreatic lipase inhibitor and food product containing the inhibitor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004161644A
JP2004161644A JP2002327865A JP2002327865A JP2004161644A JP 2004161644 A JP2004161644 A JP 2004161644A JP 2002327865 A JP2002327865 A JP 2002327865A JP 2002327865 A JP2002327865 A JP 2002327865A JP 2004161644 A JP2004161644 A JP 2004161644A
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Prior art keywords
pancreatic lipase
mate
water
soluble
extract
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JP2002327865A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shuichi Kusano
崇一 草野
Atsunori Okada
篤典 岡田
Naoko Oki
直子 沖
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Fuji Sangyo Co Ltd
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Fuji Sangyo Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a pancreatic lipase inhibitor which has a high pancreatic lipase- inhibiting activity, is safe for human bodies, even when taken in as a food product, and is free from a side effect, and to provide the food product which contains the pancreatic lipase inhibitor and can inhibit the absorption of fats after meal to prevent, treat and improve diseases including life-style related diseases such as obesity, hyperlipemia, arteriosclerosis and diabetes. <P>SOLUTION: This pancreatic lipase inhibitor is characterized by containing as an active ingredient an Ilex paraguariensis extract obtained by extracting the paraguariensis. The food product contains the pancreatic lipase inhibitor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、膵リパーゼ阻害剤及び該阻害剤を含有する食品に関し、詳しくはマテの葉を抽出して得られるマテ葉抽出エキスを有効成分として含有する膵リパーゼ阻害剤、及び、前記阻害剤を含有し、肥満症の他、高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病等の生活習慣病を始めとする疾患を予防、治療及び改善するものとして有用な食品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
我が国では食生活が豊かになり、現在では飽食の時代とも呼ばれ、カロリー摂取過剰、運動不足も原因となり肥満或いは糖尿病が増加している。現在、30歳代の男性は3人に1人が過体重か肥満であり、40〜50歳代では4割近くが肥満である。肥満は合併症として高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病等の生活習慣病を始めとする疾患をもたらす。
【0003】
体脂肪量は、摂取カロリーと消費エネルギーのバランスにより決まる。
食事より摂取した脂肪は、腸管において胆汁酸により乳化され、膵臓から分泌されるリパーゼの作用を受けて分解が行われ、主にモノグリセラドにまでなり、吸収された後、小腸上皮細胞においてトリグリセライドに再合成され、カイロミクロンと呼ばれるリポタンパク粒子に取り込まれ、リンパを通じて血中に放出される。血中のリポタンパクに含まれるトリグリセライドを中性脂肪といい、筋肉などでエネルギーとして消費されるが、余分な中性脂肪は脂肪細胞に蓄積される。過剰に蓄積された状態が肥満である。食後、急激に血中の中性脂肪が上昇すると、脂肪が蓄積しやすい状態になる。
【0004】
また、近年、食後の高脂血症は、酸化ストレスを介して血管内皮細胞の機能障害を起こす原因になり、動脈硬化症のリスクファクターとして重要視されている。従って、食後の高脂血症を抑えることは、肥満、高脂血症、動脈硬化を予防、改善するために非常に重要である。
【0005】
そこで、食後の高脂血症を抑えるため、脂質分解酵素であるリパーゼを阻害する膵リパーゼ阻害剤が種々開発されており(例えば、特許文献1参照)、さらに膵リパーゼ阻害剤が薬剤として開発され、海外においては肥満患者を対象としてその有用性が確認されている。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開平9−40689号公報
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、必ずしも効果、安全性の点で充分なものとはいえず、現在、食後の高脂血症を抑えるため、日々食品としても摂取可能で、安全にこれらを予防、改善するようなものは知られていない。
【0008】
本発明は、上記従来の問題点を解消し、高い膵リパーゼ阻害活性を有し、しかも食品として摂取しても人体に安全で副作用のない膵リパーゼ阻害剤を供給することを目的とするものである。
また、本発明は、上記膵リパーゼ阻害剤を含有し、食後の脂肪の吸収を抑制することにより、肥満、高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病等の生活習慣病を始めとする疾患を予防、治療及び改善しうる食品を提供することをも目的とするものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の目的を達成すべく、食用とされている植物類約500種類を対象として、低極性、中極性、高極性有機溶媒可溶性画分及び水溶性画分とに分け、それぞれについて、in vitroでの系で膵リパーゼ阻害作用のある成分を検索した。
その結果、本発明者らは、驚くべきことに長年お茶として利用されてきたマテ(yerba mate;学名:Ilex paraguariensis)の葉の高極性有機溶媒可溶性画分に優れた膵リパーゼ阻害作用のあることを見出し、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
【0010】
すなわち、請求項1に係る本発明は、マテの葉を抽出して得られる、マテ葉抽出エキスを有効成分として含有することを特徴とする膵リパーゼ阻害剤を提供するものである。
請求項2に係る本発明は、マテ葉抽出エキスが、水、高極性有機溶媒及び中極性有機溶媒のうち少なくとも一つ以上に易溶なエキスである請求項1記載の膵リパーゼ阻害剤を提供するものである。
請求項3に係る本発明は、高極性有機溶媒が、エタノール、メタノール及びブタノールのうちのいずれか一つ以上である請求項2記載の膵リパーゼ阻害剤を提供するものである。
請求項4に係る本発明は、中極性有機溶媒が、酢酸エチルである請求項2記載の膵リパーゼ阻害剤を提供するものである。
請求項5に係る本発明は、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の膵リパーゼ阻害剤を含有する食品を提供するものである。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
請求項1に係る本発明の膵リパーゼ阻害剤は、マテの葉の抽出して得られる、マテ葉抽出エキスを有効成分として含有することを特徴とする。
マテ(yerba mate;学名:Ilex paraguariensis)とは、モチノキ科に属する植物の一種であり、その葉は茶として飲用されているものであるが、これまで膵リパーゼ阻害活性を有することは全く知られていなかった。マテの葉は、生の他、半乾燥物、乾燥物等があるが、本発明においてはこれらのいずれも使用することができる。マテの葉は、通常は、適度に粉砕又は細断して用いられる。
【0012】
ここでマテ葉抽出エキスは、請求項2に係る本発明の如く、水、高極性有機溶媒及び中極性有機溶媒のうち少なくとも一つ以上に易溶なエキスであることが好ましい。
高極性有機溶媒としては、具体的には例えば、エタノール、メタノール、ブタノール、イソプロピルアルコール等のアルコール類が挙げられる。
これらの中でも高極性有機溶媒としては、請求項3に係る本発明の如く、エタノール、メタノール及びブタノールのいずれか一つ以上を用いることが好ましい。
【0013】
一方、中極性有機溶媒としては、具体的には例えば酢酸エチル、ジクロロメタン、アセトン、クロロホルム等の有機溶媒が挙げられる。
これらの中で、中極性有機溶媒としては、特に請求項4に係る本発明の如く、酢酸エチルを用いることが好ましい。
【0014】
このような、水、高極性有機溶媒及び中極性有機溶媒のうち少なくとも一つ以上に易溶なマテ葉抽出エキスは、例えば以下の如き手法により得ることができる。
【0015】
まず、マテの葉は、そのままか、或いは必要に応じて粉砕又は細断して用いる。
このように、そのままか、或いは適度に粉砕又は細断されたマテの葉を、例えば、前記した水、高極性有機溶媒及び中極性有機溶媒のうち少なくとも一つ以上を用いて抽出する。これらの中でも、水エキスそのものでは必ずしも充分とは言い難いため、HP20等のカラムで水溶出成分は除いた高極性有機溶媒可溶性成分、特にエタノール溶出成分を用いることが望ましい。
【0016】
具体的には例えば、マテ葉に対し、重量で5〜30倍量の水を加え、沸騰浴中で5〜120分間、好ましくは20〜40分間加熱するか、或いは常温で1日以上静置して抽出を行う。
この操作により、マテ葉抽出エキスであって水に可溶なマテ葉抽出エキス(水可溶物)を得ることができる。
【0017】
この抽出物についてさらに、水と高極性有機溶媒(例えばブタノールなど)による液−液分配を行うことにより、水に可溶なマテ葉抽出エキス(水可溶物)と高極性有機溶媒に可溶なマテ葉抽出エキス(高極性有機溶媒可溶物)とを得ることができる。
【0018】
一方、続けてHP20等のカラムを用いたクロマトグラフィーにおいて水及び高極性有機溶媒で溶出することによっても、水に可溶なマテ葉抽出エキス(疎水性カラムによる水抽出物)とともに、高極性有機溶媒に可溶なマテ葉抽出エキス(疎水性カラムによる高極性有機溶媒抽出物)を得ることができる。上記したように、水エキスそのものでは必ずしも充分とは言い難いため、HP20等のカラムで水溶出成分は除いた高極性有機溶媒可溶性成分、特にエタノール溶出成分を用いることが望ましい。
【0019】
また、上記の例とは別に、高極性有機溶媒を、マテ葉に対し、重量で5〜30倍量、好ましくは7〜12倍量加え、1〜4時間、好ましくは2〜3時間還流し、必要に応じて濾過を行う。この操作は、2回以上繰り返して行うことが可能である。
この操作により、高極性有機溶媒に可溶なマテ葉抽出エキスを得ることができる。さらに、得られた濾液を合わせて乾燥し、さらに水と中極性有機溶媒による液−液分配を行うことにより、水に可溶なマテ葉抽出エキス(水可溶性画分)と中極性有機溶媒に可溶なマテ葉抽出エキス(中極性有機溶媒可溶性画分、中極性有機溶媒抽出物)をも得ることができる。続けて水可溶性画分について水と高極性有機溶媒による液−液分配を行うことにより、高極性有機溶媒に可溶なマテ葉抽出エキス(高極性有機溶媒抽出物)と水に可溶なマテ葉抽出エキス(水抽出物)を得ることができる。
【0020】
このようにして得られるマテ葉抽出エキスは、そのまま膵リパーゼ阻害剤として用いることができるが、さらに例えば、遠心分離、濾過、圧搾その他の固液分離手段によって、残留物を除去し、これを必要に応じてそのまま、或いは減圧下に濃縮後、減圧乾燥、凍結乾燥することにより、製剤化することもできる。
【0021】
このようにして、目的とする請求項1に係る本発明の膵リパーゼ阻害剤を得ることができる。
このようにして得られた請求項1に係る本発明の膵リパーゼ阻害剤は、膵リパーゼに対して優れた阻害活性を有する。
さらに、高脂肪食摂餌ラットにおいては、後述の実施例6から明らかな通り、中性脂肪であるトリグリセライドの血中における濃度を低く抑え体重増加を防ぐことができ、また、併せて血中のコレステロールを減少させることができると共に、血糖値も低下させられることが明らかとなった。これらの効果は、マテ葉抽出エキスの高い膵リパーゼ阻害活性によるものと考えられる。
【0022】
膵リパーゼ阻害活性の有無、程度は、膵リパーゼ阻害試験や、脂肪負荷試験により確認することができる。
膵リパーゼ阻害試験は、試料に膵リパーゼの基質である脂質と共に、マテ葉抽出エキスを添加して又は添加しないで反応させた後、それぞれ遊離する脂肪酸量を遊離脂肪酸定量キット(例えば、NEFAテストワコー)等により定量し、マテ葉抽出物無添加の場合の活性を100とし、抽出物添加時の活性を100から差し引いた分を阻害率(%)として評価する試験である。
また、脂肪負荷試験は、ラットに膵リパーゼの基質である脂質とマテ葉抽出エキス、或いは脂質のみを投与し、投与後の血中のトリグリセライド値を測定する試験である。
【0023】
請求項1に係る本発明の膵リパーゼ阻害剤は、他の任意成分と共に組み合わせることにより、種々の形態として利用することができる。特に、請求項5に係る本発明のように、食品の形態として利用することが好ましい。
即ち、請求項5に係る本発明は、上記請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の膵リパーゼ阻害剤を含有する食品を提供するものである。
【0024】
請求項5に係る本発明においては、例えば上記した如き水抽出物をそのまま膵リパーゼ阻害剤を含有する飲料とすることができるし、或いはエキス末としたものをそのまま製品としても良いが、効率的に効果を発揮するためには、好ましくはマテの葉の高極性有機溶媒可溶性成分を多く含有した抽出物、例えば、水抽出エキスをHP20等のカラムに通して水溶出成分は除いた後、吸着成分をアルコールで溶出させた抽出物を製品として用いるのが良い。さらには、このものを錠剤、カプセル剤、軟カプセル剤等の種々の形態にしても良く、また、これらの形態に適当な賦型剤(例えば、デキストラン、オリゴ糖、乳糖など)等を加えたものであっても良い。
【0025】
さらに、請求項5に係る本発明の食品は、上記膵リパーゼ阻害剤を含有するものであれば、必要に応じて、生薬成分、ビタミン剤、安定剤、防腐剤、抗酸化剤、甘味料、着色料、香料、果汁等を配合したものであっても良い。
ここで食品の形態としては特に制限はなく、飲料をはじめ、パンやビスケットなどの形態で、さらには菓子などの形態でも用いることができる。また、いわゆる健康食品として利用することもできる。さらには、ペットフードなどとして利用することも可能である。
【0026】
請求項5に係る本発明の食品中における上記膵リパーゼ阻害剤の配合量は特に限定されないが、0.1〜50質量%、好ましくは0.5〜5質量%、より好ましくは0.5〜1質量%程度である。
【0027】
【実施例】
以下に実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例にのみ限定されるものではない。
以下では、まず、in vitroでの膵リパーゼ阻害試験及び動物を用いた脂肪負荷試験の手順を示し、次に、マテ葉抽出エキスの調製の手順を示し(製造例1〜4)、そして調製したマテ葉抽出エキスの前記各種試験並びに酵素の性質を調べた結果を示す。
【0028】
〔膵リパーゼ阻害試験及び脂肪負荷試験〕
(1)膵リパーゼ阻害試験
トリオレイン80mg,フォスファジルコリン10mg,タウロコール酸ナトリウム5mgに9mlのHEPES緩衝液を加え超音波処理したものを基質として用いた。膵リパーゼはシグマ社製ヒト由来の酵素を用いた。被検物はHEPES緩衝液に溶かしたものを使用した。
酵素反応は基質20μl,被検物10μlを予め37℃5分間プレインキュベートした後、酵素溶液20μlを添加して反応を開始し、30分後に、沸騰浴中に3分間保温して反応を停止し、遊離した脂肪酸量を遊離脂肪酸定量キット(NEFAテストワコー)で測定した。被検物区(本発明区)では、被検物として製造例1〜4で得られたマテからの分画物を反応液に添加して反応させて、遊離脂肪酸量を定量した。一方、対照区では、被検物を添加しない他は、被検物区(本発明区)と同様に反応させて、遊離脂肪酸量を定量した。
阻害率は被検物無添加の場合の活性を100とし、被検物添加時の活性を100から差し引いた分を阻害率(%)として示した。
【0029】
(2)脂肪負荷試験
SD系雄性ラット(7週齢)を用い、一週間の予備飼育後、実験に供した。一夜絶食後、対照群にオリーブオイル5ml/kgをゾンデを用いて経口投与し、被検物群にはオリーブオイルと同時にマテの分画物を投与した。投与後経時的に尾静脈より採血し、血中トリグリセライドを測定した。
【0030】
製造例1
マテ乾燥葉1000gに水8000mlを加え、沸騰浴中で30分間抽出し、濾過を濃縮後、凍結乾燥して、マテ葉の熱水抽出物225gを得た。
【0031】
製造例2
製造例1で得られたマテ葉の熱水抽出物50gを水とブタノールによる液−液分配を行った。この操作により、水可溶物39.1gとブタノール可溶物10.7gを得た。
【0032】
製造例3
製造例1で得られたマテ葉の熱水抽出物について、HP20カラムクロマトグラフィーを行った。熱水抽出物25gを水に溶解し、水で平衡化したHP20カラム(商品名:ダイヤイオンHP20、製造元:三菱化学(株))にサンプリングして、カラムの5倍量の水で溶出した。その後、エタノールに換えて、同様に5倍量で溶出した。この操作により、HP20カラムによる水溶出物17.1gとエタノール溶出物7.8gを得た。
【0033】
製造例4
マテ乾燥葉200gにメタノール2000mlを加え、3時間還流し、濾過後、その残留物に再度2000mlのメタノールを加えて3時間還流した。濾液を合わせて濃縮乾固し、メタノールエキス39.7gを得た。
このメタノールエキス末について、さらに酢酸エチルと水の液−液分配を行い、酢酸エチル可溶性画分(酢酸エチル可溶物)と水可溶性画分とに分けた。水可溶性画分はブタノール/水の液−液分配を行い、ブタノール可溶性画分(ブタノール可溶物)と水可溶性画分(水可溶物)とに分けた。
この結果、酢酸エチル可溶物、ブタノール可溶物、水可溶物をそれぞれ、6.7g, 7.1g及び18.2gを得た。
【0034】
実施例1
製造例1で得られたマテ葉の熱水抽出物について、膵リパーゼ阻害試験及び脂肪負荷試験を行い、膵リパーゼ阻害作用と脂肪負荷後の血中脂質上昇抑制作用について検討した。
膵リパーゼ阻害試験の結果、反応液中1000μg/ml,100μg/ml濃度における膵リパーゼ阻害率は、各々73%,24%であった。一方、脂肪負荷試験の結果は、図1から明らかなとおり、投与60分後におけるマテ葉の熱水抽出物(図1中ではマテ熱水抽出物と表記)の血中トリグリセライドは、対照群(Control)に対して有意に低いものであった(p<0.05)。
これらのことから、製造例1で得られたマテ葉の熱水抽出物により、膵リパーゼが阻害され、脂肪負荷後の血中の中性脂肪の急激な上昇が抑制されることが明らかとなった。
【0035】
実施例2
製造例2で得られたマテ葉の熱水抽出物のブタノール可溶物及び水可溶物について、膵リパーゼ阻害試験及び脂肪負荷試験を行い、膵リパーゼ阻害作用と脂肪負荷後の血中脂質上昇抑制作用について検討した。
膵リパーゼ阻害試験の結果、反応液中1000μg/ml,100μg/ml濃度における膵リパーゼ阻害率は、ブタノール可溶物各々93%,66%,水可溶物各々3%,0%であった。一方、脂肪負荷試験の結果、ブタノール可溶物では、図2から明らかな通り、投与120分後、対照群に対して有意に低下した(p<0.01)のに対して、水可溶物では、図3から明らかな通り、有意な変化は認められなかった。
これらのことから、製造例2で得られたブタノール可溶物及び水可溶物により、膵リパーゼが阻害され、脂肪負荷後の血中の中性脂肪の急激な上昇が抑制されるが、水可溶物には膵リパーゼの阻害作用が殆どないことが明らかとなった。
【0036】
実施例3
製造例3で得られたマテ葉の熱水抽出物のHP20カラムでの水溶出物とエタノール溶出物について膵リパーゼ阻害試験を行い、膵リパーゼ阻害作用について検討した。その結果、反応液中1000μg/ml,100μg/ml濃度における膵リパーゼ阻害率は、水溶出物で各々23%,1%,エタノール溶出物で81%,43%であった。このことから、製造例3で得られたHP20カラムでの水溶出物とエタノール溶出物により、膵リパーゼが阻害され、脂肪負荷後の血中の中性脂肪の急激な上昇が抑制されることが明らかとなった。
【0037】
実施例4
製造例4で得られた、メタノール抽出後の酢酸エチル可溶物、ブタノール可溶物及び水可溶物について膵リパーゼ阻害試験及び脂肪負荷試験を行い、膵リパーゼ阻害作用と脂肪負荷後の血中脂質上昇抑制作用について検討した。
膵リパーゼ阻害試験の結果、反応液中1000μg/ml,100μg/ml濃度における膵リパーゼ阻害率は、酢酸エチル可溶物各々59%,16%、ブタノール可溶物各々77%,38%、水可溶物各々64%,28%であった。一方、脂肪負荷試験の結果、図4から明らかな通り、投与60分後、酢酸エチル可溶物及び水可溶物では対照群に対して低下傾向を示し(各p=0.06)、ブタノール可溶物では1%未満の強い抑制作用が示された。
これらのことから、製造例4で得られた酢酸エチル可溶物、ブタノール可溶物及び水可溶物において特にブタノール可溶物に強いリパーゼ阻害作用があり、それぞれの画分で脂肪負荷後血中脂質抑制作用が見られたが、ブタノール画分がより明瞭に抑制作用を示した。
【0038】
実施例5
製造例2で得られたマテ葉の熱水抽出物のブタノール分画物について、阻害形式を検討した。即ち、トリオレインを基質とし、ミカエリス定数Km値付近の基質濃度Sに対してブタノール分画物の濃度は一定の条件で、それぞれの基質濃度Sに対する反応速度Vを求めた。1/S(%−1)を横軸に、1/V(mg−トリオレイン/ml・min)を縦軸に1/S,1/Vプロットした。結果を図5に示す。
【0039】
図5から、ブタノール分画物の濃度が上昇するとプロットの勾配が大きくなり、かつ、各プロットによる直線は縦軸上で交差せず、横軸上で交わることが分かる。このことから、ブタノール分画物の膵リパーゼに対する阻害形式は、非拮抗型であることが示された。
【0040】
実施例6
製造例1で得られたマテの熱水抽出物について、高脂肪食摂餌ラットに対する連続投与試験を行った。即ち、36%脂肪を含む高脂肪食を摂餌させたものを高脂肪食群(対照群:HFD)、同様な組成の高脂肪食にマテ熱水抽出物を食餌中に1%濃度となるよう添加して摂餌させたものをマテ熱水抽出物投与群(HFD+M)、及び普通食(標準飼育飼料(CE−2))普通食群の計3群(各群6匹、試験期間は28日間)において連続摂取試験を行った。試験期間中、3〜5日おきに各群のラットの血液を採取し、血中トリグリセライド、血中コレステロール及び血糖値を測定し、それぞれについて各群の平均値を算出した。
【0041】
その結果、図6から明らかなように、高脂肪食群(HFD)においては普通食群(CE−2)を上回る体重増加が見られたが、マテ熱水抽出物投与群(HFD+M)においては、高脂肪食群と同様の高脂肪食を食べているにもかかわらず体重増加は顕著に抑えられ、普通食群(CE−2)と同様の体重増加であった。
なお、図7から明らかなように、試験期間中摂取したカロリー量について、いずれの群にも差はなかった。
また、図8から明らかなように、血中トリグリセライドは、マテ熱水抽出物投与群(HFD+M)が高脂肪食群(HFD)に対して有意に低下し、普通食群(CE−2)と同程度の数値を示した。
そして、図9及び図10から明らかなように、血中コレステロール、血糖値についてもマテ投与群(HFD+M)では高脂肪食群(HFD)に比べて有意に低く、普通食群(CE−2)と同程度の数値を示した。
【0042】
これらの結果から、高脂肪食摂餌ラットにおいて、マテ葉抽出エキスは、血中の中性脂肪を低く抑え、体重増加を防ぐことができ、また、併せて血中のコレステロールを減少させることができると共に、血糖値も低下させられることが明らかとなった。これらの効果は、マテ葉抽出エキスの高い膵リパーゼ阻害活性によるものと考えられる。
【0043】
【発明の効果】
以上のとおり、請求項1に係る本発明の膵リパーゼ阻害剤は、中性脂肪であるトリグリセライドに対して強い阻害作用を示し、脂肪の吸収を抑制することが示された。さらに、高脂肪食摂取ラットへの連続投与により、体重増加及びトリグリセライド、コレステロール、血糖値も低下させることが認められた。
従って請求項1に係る本発明の膵リパーゼ阻害剤は、高い膵リパーゼ阻害活性を示し、血中の中性脂肪増加を抑制することにより、肥満のほか、高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病等の生活習慣病に対して予防及び治療効果を示すものと考えられる。
【0044】
また、請求項5に係る本発明の食品は、長年食されてきた素材であるため、安全であり、日々摂取して利用するために非常に優れている。また、熱水処理により強い活性を有しているので、様々な食品や加工食品や医薬品等に添加して利用可能である。従って、肥満症の他、高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病等の生活習慣病の予防、治療及び改善しうる食品として有効に利用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例1におけるマテ葉の熱水抽出物の脂肪負荷試験の結果を示すグラフである。
【図2】実施例2におけるマテ葉のブタノール可溶物の脂肪負荷試験の結果を示すグラフである。
【図3】実施例2におけるマテ葉の水可溶物の脂肪負荷試験の結果を示すグラフである。
【図4】実施例4におけるマテ葉の酢酸エチル可溶物、ブタノール可溶物及び水可溶物の脂肪負荷試験の結果を示すグラフである。
【図5】実施例5におけるマテ葉のブタノール可溶物の1/S,1/Vプロットの結果を示すグラフである。
【図6】実施例6における高脂肪食摂餌ラットの体重の変化を示すグラフである。
【図7】実施例6における高脂肪食摂餌ラットの摂取カロリーの変化を示すグラフである。
【図8】実施例6における高脂肪食摂餌ラットの血中トリグリセライドの変化を示すグラフである。
【図9】実施例6における高脂肪食摂餌ラットの血中コレステロールの変化を示すグラフである。
【図10】実施例6における高脂肪食摂餌ラットの血糖値の変化を示すグラフである。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pancreatic lipase inhibitor and a food containing the inhibitor, and in particular, a pancreatic lipase inhibitor containing, as an active ingredient, a mate leaf extract obtained by extracting mate leaves, and the inhibitor. The present invention relates to a food which contains and is useful for preventing, treating and ameliorating diseases such as lifestyle-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes, in addition to obesity.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In Japan, eating habits have been enriched, and this is now called the period of satiety, and obesity or diabetes is increasing due to excessive calorie intake and lack of exercise. At present, one in three men in their thirties is overweight or obese, and nearly 40% of those in their forties and fifties are obese. Obesity causes complications such as lifestyle-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes.
[0003]
Body fat is determined by the balance between calorie intake and energy expenditure.
Fat ingested from the diet is emulsified by bile acids in the intestinal tract, is decomposed by the action of lipase secreted from the pancreas, becomes mainly monoglyceride, is absorbed, and is then converted to triglyceride in small intestinal epithelial cells. It is synthesized, taken up by lipoprotein particles called chylomicrons, and released into the blood through lymph. Triglycerides contained in blood lipoproteins are called triglycerides and are consumed as energy by muscles and the like, but extra triglycerides are accumulated in fat cells. An over-accumulated condition is obesity. When the neutral fat in the blood rapidly rises after a meal, the fat tends to accumulate.
[0004]
In recent years, postprandial hyperlipidemia causes dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells via oxidative stress and is regarded as an important risk factor for arteriosclerosis. Therefore, suppressing postprandial hyperlipidemia is very important for preventing and improving obesity, hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis.
[0005]
Therefore, in order to suppress postprandial hyperlipidemia, various pancreatic lipase inhibitors that inhibit lipase, which is a lipolytic enzyme, have been developed (for example, see Patent Document 1), and pancreatic lipase inhibitors have been further developed as drugs. Overseas, its usefulness has been confirmed for obese patients.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-40689
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, it is not necessarily sufficient in terms of efficacy and safety.Currently, in order to suppress postprandial hyperlipidemia, it can be ingested daily as a food, and there is nothing that can prevent or improve these safely. unknown.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to provide a pancreatic lipase inhibitor having high pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, which has a high pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, and which is safe and has no side effects even when ingested as food. is there.
Further, the present invention comprises the above-mentioned pancreatic lipase inhibitor and suppresses postprandial fat absorption to prevent diseases such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes and other lifestyle-related diseases. It is also an object to provide a food which can be treated and improved.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors, in order to achieve the above object, targeting about 500 kinds of plants that are edible, low-polarity, medium-polarity, high-polarity organic solvent-soluble fraction and water-soluble fraction, For each of them, components having a pancreatic lipase inhibitory action were searched in an in vitro system.
As a result, the present inventors have surprisingly found that a highly polar organic solvent-soluble fraction of leaves of yerba mate (scientific name: Ilex paraguariensis), which has been used as tea for many years, has an excellent pancreatic lipase inhibitory action. And completed the present invention based on this finding.
[0010]
That is, the present invention according to claim 1 provides a pancreatic lipase inhibitor comprising, as an active ingredient, a mate leaf extract obtained by extracting mate leaves.
The present invention according to claim 2 provides the pancreatic lipase inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the mate leaf extract is an extract easily soluble in at least one or more of water, a high-polarity organic solvent and a medium-polarity organic solvent. Is what you do.
The present invention according to claim 3 provides the pancreatic lipase inhibitor according to claim 2, wherein the highly polar organic solvent is at least one of ethanol, methanol and butanol.
The present invention according to claim 4 provides the pancreatic lipase inhibitor according to claim 2, wherein the medium-polar organic solvent is ethyl acetate.
The present invention according to claim 5 provides a food containing the pancreatic lipase inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The pancreatic lipase inhibitor of the present invention according to claim 1 is characterized by containing, as an active ingredient, a mate leaf extract obtained by extracting mate leaves.
Yerba mate (scientific name: Ilex paraguauriensis) is a kind of plant belonging to the family Ilex and its leaves are drinkable as tea, but it is quite known that it has pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. I didn't. Yerba mate leaves are not only raw but also semi-dried, dried and the like, and any of these can be used in the present invention. Yerba mate leaves are usually used after being appropriately ground or shredded.
[0012]
Here, the mate leaf extract is preferably an extract easily soluble in at least one of water, a high-polarity organic solvent and a medium-polarity organic solvent as in the present invention according to claim 2.
Specific examples of the highly polar organic solvent include alcohols such as ethanol, methanol, butanol, and isopropyl alcohol.
Among them, as the highly polar organic solvent, it is preferable to use any one or more of ethanol, methanol and butanol as in the present invention according to claim 3.
[0013]
On the other hand, specific examples of the medium-polar organic solvent include organic solvents such as ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, acetone, and chloroform.
Among them, it is particularly preferable to use ethyl acetate as the medium polar organic solvent as in the present invention according to claim 4.
[0014]
Such a yerba mate extract that is readily soluble in at least one of water, a high-polarity organic solvent and a medium-polarity organic solvent can be obtained, for example, by the following method.
[0015]
First, the mate leaves are used as they are, or crushed or shredded as necessary.
In this way, the mate leaves that have been left as they are or are appropriately ground or shredded are extracted using, for example, at least one of the above-mentioned water, a high-polarity organic solvent and a medium-polarity organic solvent. Among these, a water extract itself is not always sufficient, and it is desirable to use a high-polarity organic solvent-soluble component, particularly an ethanol-eluting component, in a column such as HP20 except for a water-eluting component.
[0016]
Specifically, for example, 5 to 30 times by weight of water is added to the mate leaf and heated in a boiling bath for 5 to 120 minutes, preferably 20 to 40 minutes, or left at room temperature for 1 day or more. And extract.
By this operation, a mate leaf extract (water-soluble substance) which is a mate leaf extract and is soluble in water can be obtained.
[0017]
The extract is further subjected to liquid-liquid partitioning with water and a highly polar organic solvent (such as butanol) to obtain a water-soluble mate leaf extract (water-soluble material) and a highly polar organic solvent. Mate leaf extract (soluble in a highly polar organic solvent).
[0018]
On the other hand, by continuously eluting with water and a highly polar organic solvent in chromatography using a column such as HP20, a highly polar organic extract can be obtained together with a water-soluble mate leaf extract (water extract by a hydrophobic column). A Yerba mate leaf extract (highly polar organic solvent extract using a hydrophobic column) soluble in a solvent can be obtained. As described above, it is not always sufficient to use a water extract itself. Therefore, it is desirable to use a high-polarity organic solvent-soluble component, particularly an ethanol-eluting component, in a column such as HP20 except for a water-eluting component.
[0019]
Separately from the above examples, a highly polar organic solvent is added to the mate leaf in an amount of 5 to 30 times, preferably 7 to 12 times, and refluxed for 1 to 4 hours, preferably for 2 to 3 hours. And, if necessary, filtration. This operation can be repeated two or more times.
By this operation, a mate leaf extract extract soluble in a highly polar organic solvent can be obtained. Further, the obtained filtrates are combined, dried, and further subjected to liquid-liquid partitioning with water and a medium-polar organic solvent, whereby a water-soluble mate leaf extract (water-soluble fraction) and a medium-polar organic solvent are added. A soluble mate leaf extract (medium-polar organic solvent-soluble fraction, medium-polar organic solvent extract) can also be obtained. Subsequently, the water-soluble fraction is subjected to liquid-liquid partitioning with water and a highly polar organic solvent to obtain a mate leaf extract (a highly polar organic solvent extract) soluble in the highly polar organic solvent and a mate leaf soluble in water. A leaf extract (water extract) can be obtained.
[0020]
The mate leaf extract thus obtained can be used as it is as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor, but the residue is further removed by, for example, centrifugation, filtration, squeezing, or other solid-liquid separation means. The preparation can be prepared as it is or after concentration under reduced pressure, followed by drying under reduced pressure and freeze-drying.
[0021]
Thus, the objective pancreatic lipase inhibitor of the present invention according to claim 1 can be obtained.
The pancreatic lipase inhibitor of the present invention according to claim 1 thus obtained has an excellent inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase.
Furthermore, in rats fed a high-fat diet, as is clear from Example 6 described below, the concentration of triglyceride, which is a neutral fat, in the blood can be suppressed to prevent weight gain, It has been found that cholesterol can be reduced and blood glucose can be reduced. These effects are considered to be due to the high pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of the mate leaf extract.
[0022]
The presence or absence and degree of pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity can be confirmed by a pancreatic lipase inhibition test or a fat tolerance test.
The pancreatic lipase inhibition test is carried out by reacting a sample with a lipid which is a substrate of pancreatic lipase, with or without the addition of a yerba mate extract, and then measuring the amount of each released fatty acid with a free fatty acid determination kit (eg, NEFA Test Wako). ) And the like, and the activity in the case where the mate leaf extract is not added is defined as 100, and the activity obtained by subtracting the activity when the extract is added from 100 is evaluated as an inhibition rate (%).
In addition, the fat tolerance test is a test in which a lipid, which is a substrate of pancreatic lipase, and a mate leaf extract or a lipid alone are administered to rats, and the blood triglyceride level after administration is measured.
[0023]
The pancreatic lipase inhibitor of the present invention according to claim 1 can be used in various forms by combining it with other optional components. In particular, as in the present invention according to claim 5, it is preferably used as a form of food.
That is, the present invention according to claim 5 provides a food containing the pancreatic lipase inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
[0024]
In the present invention according to claim 5, for example, the water extract as described above can be directly used as a beverage containing a pancreatic lipase inhibitor, or an extract powder can be used as a product as it is. In order to exhibit the effect, preferably, an extract containing a large amount of a highly polar organic solvent-soluble component of mate leaves, for example, an aqueous extract is passed through a column such as HP20 to remove water-eluting components, and then adsorbed. It is preferable to use an extract obtained by eluting components with alcohol as a product. Furthermore, this may be made into various forms such as tablets, capsules, soft capsules and the like, and appropriate excipients (eg, dextran, oligosaccharide, lactose, etc.) are added to these forms. It may be something.
[0025]
Furthermore, the foodstuff of the present invention according to claim 5, as long as it contains the pancreatic lipase inhibitor, if necessary, a crude drug component, a vitamin, a stabilizer, a preservative, an antioxidant, a sweetener, A colorant, a flavor, a fruit juice, and the like may be blended.
Here, the form of the food is not particularly limited, and it can be used in the form of beverages, breads, biscuits, and the like, and also in the form of confectionery. It can also be used as a so-called health food. Furthermore, it can be used as pet food or the like.
[0026]
The amount of the pancreatic lipase inhibitor in the food of the present invention according to claim 5 is not particularly limited, but is 0.1 to 50% by mass, preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass, and more preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass. It is about 1% by mass.
[0027]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
In the following, first, the procedure of an in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition test and a fat tolerance test using an animal is shown, and then the procedure of preparation of a yerba mate extract (Preparation Examples 1 to 4) was prepared and prepared. The results of the various tests and the properties of the enzymes of the mate leaf extract are shown.
[0028]
(Pancreatic lipase inhibition test and fat tolerance test)
(1) Pancreatic lipase inhibition test 80 ml of triolein, 10 mg of phosphadylcholine, and 5 mg of sodium taurocholate were added with 9 ml of a HEPES buffer solution and ultrasonically treated, and used as a substrate. As the pancreatic lipase, a human-derived enzyme manufactured by Sigma was used. The test substance used was dissolved in a HEPES buffer.
In the enzyme reaction, 20 μl of the substrate and 10 μl of the test substance were pre-incubated for 5 minutes at 37 ° C., and the reaction was started by adding 20 μl of the enzyme solution. After 30 minutes, the reaction was stopped by keeping the mixture in a boiling bath for 3 minutes. The amount of released fatty acids was measured with a kit for determining free fatty acids (NEFA Test Wako). In the test specimen section (the present invention section), the fractions obtained from the mate obtained in Production Examples 1 to 4 were added to the reaction solution as the test substance and reacted to determine the amount of free fatty acids. On the other hand, in the control section, the reaction was carried out in the same manner as in the test section (present invention section) except that no test substance was added, and the amount of free fatty acid was quantified.
The inhibition rate was defined as the inhibition rate (%), where the activity when no test substance was added was defined as 100, and the activity when the test substance was added was subtracted from 100.
[0029]
(2) Fat tolerance test Using SD male rats (7 weeks old), they were reared for one week, and then subjected to experiments. After an overnight fast, the control group was orally administered 5 ml / kg of olive oil using a sonde, and the test group was administered the mate fraction simultaneously with the olive oil. Blood was collected from the tail vein with time after administration, and blood triglyceride was measured.
[0030]
Production Example 1
8000 ml of water was added to 1000 g of dried mate leaves, extracted for 30 minutes in a boiling bath, filtered, concentrated and freeze-dried to obtain 225 g of hot water extract of mate leaves.
[0031]
Production Example 2
50 g of hot water extract of yerba mate leaves obtained in Production Example 1 was subjected to liquid-liquid partitioning with water and butanol. By this operation, 39.1 g of a water-soluble substance and 10.7 g of a butanol-soluble substance were obtained.
[0032]
Production Example 3
The hot water extract of mate leaves obtained in Production Example 1 was subjected to HP20 column chromatography. 25 g of the hot water extract was dissolved in water, sampled on an HP20 column (trade name: Diaion HP20, manufacturer: Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) equilibrated with water, and eluted with 5 times the amount of water of the column. After that, it was eluted in a 5-fold amount similarly in place of ethanol. By this operation, 17.1 g of a water eluate and 7.8 g of an ethanol eluate from the HP20 column were obtained.
[0033]
Production Example 4
To 200 g of the dried mate leaves, 2000 ml of methanol was added, and the mixture was refluxed for 3 hours. After filtration, 2000 ml of methanol was added to the residue, and the mixture was refluxed for 3 hours. The filtrates were combined and concentrated to dryness to obtain 39.7 g of a methanol extract.
The methanol extract powder was further subjected to liquid-liquid partitioning of ethyl acetate and water, and separated into an ethyl acetate-soluble fraction (ethyl acetate-soluble substance) and a water-soluble fraction. The water-soluble fraction was subjected to a liquid-liquid partition with butanol / water, and divided into a butanol-soluble fraction (butanol-soluble substance) and a water-soluble fraction (water-soluble substance).
As a result, 6.7 g, 7.1 g and 18.2 g of ethyl acetate soluble material, butanol soluble material and water soluble material were obtained, respectively.
[0034]
Example 1
The hot water extract of mate leaves obtained in Production Example 1 was subjected to a pancreatic lipase inhibition test and a fat tolerance test, and the pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity and the blood lipid elevation inhibitory activity after fat loading were examined.
As a result of the pancreatic lipase inhibition test, the pancreatic lipase inhibition rates at a concentration of 1000 μg / ml and 100 μg / ml in the reaction solution were 73% and 24%, respectively. On the other hand, the results of the fat tolerance test show that the triglyceride in the blood of the hot water extract of the mate leaf 60 minutes after administration (denoted as the mate hot water extract in FIG. 1) was 60 minutes after the administration, as is clear from FIG. Control) (p <0.05).
From these facts, it is clear that the hot water extract of the mate leaves obtained in Production Example 1 inhibits pancreatic lipase and suppresses a rapid rise in neutral fat in blood after fat loading. Was.
[0035]
Example 2
A butanol-soluble substance and a water-soluble substance of the hot water extract of mate leaves obtained in Production Example 2 were subjected to a pancreatic lipase inhibition test and a fat tolerance test, and a pancreatic lipase inhibitory action and an increase in blood lipid after fat loading were performed. The inhibitory effect was examined.
As a result of the pancreatic lipase inhibition test, the pancreatic lipase inhibition rates at a concentration of 1000 μg / ml and 100 μg / ml in the reaction solution were 93% and 66% for butanol-soluble substances, and 3% and 0% for water-soluble substances. On the other hand, as a result of the fat tolerance test, as shown in FIG. 2, the butanol-soluble substance significantly decreased (p <0.01) as compared to the control group 120 minutes after administration, whereas the water-soluble substance was soluble in water. As shown in FIG. 3, no significant change was observed.
From these, pancreatic lipase is inhibited by the butanol-soluble substance and the water-soluble substance obtained in Production Example 2, and a rapid rise in neutral fat in blood after fat loading is suppressed. It became clear that the soluble matter had almost no pancreatic lipase inhibitory action.
[0036]
Example 3
A pancreatic lipase inhibition test was performed on a water-eluted product and an ethanol-eluted product of the hot water extract of yerba mate leaves obtained in Production Example 3 on a HP20 column, and the pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity was examined. As a result, the pancreatic lipase inhibition rates at a concentration of 1000 μg / ml and 100 μg / ml in the reaction solution were 23% and 1% for the water eluate, and 81% and 43% for the ethanol eluate, respectively. From this, it can be seen that the water eluate and the ethanol eluate on the HP20 column obtained in Production Example 3 inhibit pancreatic lipase and suppress a rapid rise in neutral fat in blood after fat loading. It became clear.
[0037]
Example 4
A pancreatic lipase inhibition test and a fat tolerance test were performed on the ethyl acetate-soluble material, butanol-soluble material, and water-soluble material after methanol extraction obtained in Production Example 4, and the pancreatic lipase-inhibiting activity and blood after fat loading were performed. The effect of suppressing lipid elevation was examined.
As a result of the pancreatic lipase inhibition test, the pancreatic lipase inhibition rate at a concentration of 1000 μg / ml and 100 μg / ml in the reaction solution was 59% and 16% for ethyl acetate-soluble substances, 77% and 38% for butanol-soluble substances, and water-soluble. The melts were 64% and 28%, respectively. On the other hand, as a result of the fat tolerance test, as apparent from FIG. 4, 60 minutes after the administration, the ethyl acetate-soluble substance and the water-soluble substance showed a decreasing tendency with respect to the control group (p = 0.06 each), and butanol. Solubles showed a strong inhibitory effect of less than 1%.
From these facts, the ethyl acetate-soluble substance, butanol-soluble substance and water-soluble substance obtained in Production Example 4 have a strong lipase-inhibiting effect particularly on the butanol-soluble substance. The medium lipid inhibitory effect was observed, but the butanol fraction showed the inhibitory effect more clearly.
[0038]
Example 5
With respect to the butanol fraction of the hot water extract of mate leaves obtained in Production Example 2, the type of inhibition was examined. That is, using triolein as a substrate, the reaction rate V for each substrate concentration S was determined under the condition that the concentration of the butanol fraction was constant with respect to the substrate concentration S near the Michaelis constant Km value. 1 / S (% −1 ) was plotted on the horizontal axis, and 1 / V (mg-triolein / ml · min) was plotted on the vertical axis as 1 / S, 1 / V. FIG. 5 shows the results.
[0039]
From FIG. 5, it can be seen that as the concentration of the butanol fraction increases, the slope of the plot increases, and the straight lines of each plot do not intersect on the vertical axis but intersect on the horizontal axis. This indicated that the mode of inhibition of pancreatic lipase by the butanol fraction was non-antagonistic.
[0040]
Example 6
The hot water extract of yerba mate obtained in Production Example 1 was subjected to a continuous administration test to rats fed a high fat diet. That is, a high-fat diet containing 36% fat is fed to a high-fat diet group (control group: HFD), and a high-fat diet of the same composition has a 1% concentration of mate hot water extract in the diet. In addition, three groups of a mate hot water extract administration group (HFD + M) and a normal diet (standard breeding feed (CE-2)) were fed, and the normal diet group was added (6 animals in each group. 28 days). During the test period, blood of rats in each group was collected every 3 to 5 days, blood triglyceride, blood cholesterol, and blood sugar level were measured, and the average value of each group was calculated for each.
[0041]
As a result, as is clear from FIG. 6, the body weight gain was higher in the high fat diet group (HFD) than in the normal diet group (CE-2), but in the mate hot water extract-administered group (HFD + M). Despite eating the same high-fat diet as the high-fat diet group, weight gain was remarkably suppressed, and was similar to that of the normal diet group (CE-2).
As is clear from FIG. 7, there was no difference between the groups in the amount of calories ingested during the test period.
As is clear from FIG. 8, the blood triglyceride was significantly lower in the mate hot water extract-administered group (HFD + M) than in the high-fat diet group (HFD), and was lower than that in the normal diet group (CE-2). Similar values were shown.
As is clear from FIGS. 9 and 10, the blood cholesterol and blood glucose levels were significantly lower in the mate-administered group (HFD + M) than in the high-fat diet group (HFD), and the normal diet group (CE-2). The same value was shown.
[0042]
From these results, in rats fed a high-fat diet, mate leaf extract can reduce blood triglycerides, prevent weight gain, and also reduce blood cholesterol. It was found that blood sugar levels could be reduced as well as possible. These effects are considered to be due to the high pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of the mate leaf extract.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the pancreatic lipase inhibitor of the present invention according to claim 1 has a strong inhibitory effect on triglyceride, which is a neutral fat, and has been shown to suppress fat absorption. Furthermore, it was found that continuous administration to rats fed a high-fat diet also reduced weight gain and reduced triglyceride, cholesterol, and blood glucose levels.
Therefore, the pancreatic lipase inhibitor of the present invention according to claim 1 exhibits high pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity and suppresses an increase in triglyceride in the blood, thereby obesity, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes It is considered to show a preventive and therapeutic effect on lifestyle-related diseases such as.
[0044]
Further, the food of the present invention according to claim 5 is a material that has been eaten for many years, and is therefore safe and very excellent for daily ingestion and use. Further, since it has a strong activity by hot water treatment, it can be used by adding it to various foods, processed foods, pharmaceuticals and the like. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a food that can prevent, treat and improve lifestyle-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes in addition to obesity.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of a fat tolerance test of a hot water extract of mate leaves in Example 1.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of a fat tolerance test of a butanol-soluble matter in mate leaves in Example 2.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of a fat tolerance test on a water-soluble matter of mate leaves in Example 2.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of a fat tolerance test of ethyl acetate soluble material, butanol soluble material and water soluble material of mate leaves in Example 4.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of 1 / S and 1 / V plots of a butanol-soluble substance of mate leaves in Example 5.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes in body weight of rats fed a high fat diet in Example 6.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing changes in calorie intake of rats fed a high fat diet in Example 6.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing changes in blood triglycerides of rats fed a high fat diet in Example 6.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing changes in blood cholesterol of rats fed a high fat diet in Example 6.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing changes in blood glucose levels of rats fed a high fat diet in Example 6.

Claims (5)

マテの葉を抽出して得られる、マテ葉抽出エキスを有効成分として含有することを特徴とする膵リパーゼ阻害剤。A pancreatic lipase inhibitor comprising, as an active ingredient, a mate leaf extract obtained by extracting mate leaves. マテ葉抽出エキスが、水、高極性有機溶媒及び中極性有機溶媒のうち少なくとも一つ以上に易溶なエキスである請求項1記載の膵リパーゼ阻害剤。The pancreatic lipase inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the mate leaf extract is an extract readily soluble in at least one of water, a high-polarity organic solvent and a medium-polarity organic solvent. 高極性有機溶媒が、エタノール、メタノール及びブタノールのうちのいずれか一つ以上である請求項2記載の膵リパーゼ阻害剤。The pancreatic lipase inhibitor according to claim 2, wherein the highly polar organic solvent is at least one of ethanol, methanol, and butanol. 中極性有機溶剤が、酢酸エチルである請求項2記載の膵リパーゼ阻害剤。3. The pancreatic lipase inhibitor according to claim 2, wherein the medium-polar organic solvent is ethyl acetate. 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の膵リパーゼ阻害剤を含有する食品。A food containing the pancreatic lipase inhibitor according to claim 1.
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