JP2004156427A

JP2004156427A - Building material joining tool

Info

Publication number: JP2004156427A
Application number: JP2003096699A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Takao Hara; 孝夫原
Original assignee: HARA KOMUTEN KK
Current assignee: HARA KOMUTEN KK
Priority date: 2002-09-09
Filing date: 2003-03-31
Publication date: 2004-06-03
Anticipated expiration: 2023-03-31
Also published as: JP3632026B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building material joining tool for firmly and rigidly joining timbers mutually by embedding a metallic plate substitutive for a joint metal fitting in the timbers so as to form the substantially the same plane as the surface of the joining timbers. <P>SOLUTION: This building material joining tool has the first metallic plate having a plurality of through-holes in a surface and embedded in the first timber so as to form the substantially same plane as a surface of the first timer, a first bar inserted into the through-holes of this first metallic plate, having one end part fixed to the first metallic plate by a first fixture, having the other end part pushed in the first timer and fixing the first metallic plate to the first timber, the second metallic plate having a plurality of through-holes in a surface and embedded in the second timber so as to form the substantially same plane as a surface of the second timber, a second bar inserted into the through-holes of this second metallic plate, having one end part fixed to the second metallic plate by a second fixture, having the other end part pushed in the second timber and fixing the second metallic plate to the second timer, and a fastener for fastening the first metallic plate and the second metallic plate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、木造建築における木材の接合に用いる建材結合具に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、木造建築の工法には軸組構造（在来工法）と枠組壁工法（２×４工法）、大断面木造建築、丸太組構法の４種類があり、特に、大断面木造建築において柱や梁等で重さや地震の揺れ等を支える構造をラーメン構造という。
また、ラーメン構造では主に柱・梁部材にＬＶＬ（構造用単板積層材）を使用し柱・梁の接合部に穿孔して異形鉄筋を挿入したうえ接着剤（エポキシ樹脂）を孔の空隙に充填、硬化させることによって接合部を剛接合するＲＨ構法（鉄筋拘束接合による木質ラーメン構造）が用いられている。しかしながら、鉄と鉄とでは完全な接合が可能であるものの、大型木造において、木材と木材とでは接合金物を使用しても完全な剛接合を実現することが難しかった。
【０００３】このような課題に対処するため、いくつかの発明及び考案が開示されている。特に、ＲＨ構法の解決方法としては柱と梁の接合部の間に継手金具を挟み、ハイテンションボルトを柱と継手金具、梁に貫通させることによって摩擦接合する工法を用いたものが大多数を占めている。
【０００４】例えば、特許文献１には、「建材の結合具」という名称でボルトが貫通した柱材とボルトが押入した梁材を継手金具を用いて連結する発明が開示されている。
以下、図７を参照しながら、特許文献１に開示された技術について特許文献１における記載を引用しながら説明する。
図７において、符号３７は柱、符号３８は梁であり、継手金具６３と棒鋼３９，４５を用いてこれらを結合している。
【０００５】まずはじめに結合要素について説明する。
結合要素には棒鋼３９，４５と継手金具６３があり、棒鋼３９，４５は丸鋼であり、全外周に雄ネジ４２，４８が形成されると同時に全内周に雌ネジ４１，４７が形成されている。梁３８、柱３７の棒鋼挿入部分の内表面全体には雌ネジ４３，４９が形成され、雄ネジ４２，４８と螺合している。さらに、棒鋼３９，４５の内部には全外周に雄ネジ４０，４６を形成したボルトが挿入されており、棒鋼３９，４５の内部に形成された雌ネジ４１，４７と螺合している。
また、もう一つの結合要素である継手金具６３は、ジョイント板６１と、継手６２とからなっている。ジョイント板６１は一方の端部に複数のボルト孔５２を設けた当て板５３を備え、他方の端部には複数のボルト孔が設けられており、ボルト５９、ナット６０と継手６２を用いてジョイント板６１，６１を連結できるようになっており、さらには上下部に補強板５８が溶接されている。
【０００６】次に、各結合要素の結合関係について説明する。
棒鋼４５は柱３７を貫通しており、棒鋼４５の両端部４４は面５０及び面５１に設置されボルト孔５２を有する当て板５３を貫通してナット５４で固定されている。一方、棒鋼３９は梁３８に押入されており、棒鋼３９の端部４４は柱３７との接合面に設置されボルト孔５２を要する当て板５３を貫通してナット５４で固定されている。
さらに、柱３７に連結されたジョイント板６１と梁３８に連結されたジョイント板６１は、継手６２を介してボルト５９とナット６０を用いて結合されている。加えて、各々のジョイント板６１に垂直に溶接された上下二枚の補強板５８，５８はこれらを挟むように設置される取付用鉄板５７ａ，５７ｂとボルト５６とナット５５によって固定されている。
【０００７】このように継手金具６３と棒鋼３９，４５を用いて柱３７と梁３８とを剛接合することによって、棒鋼３９，４５の雄ネジ４２，４８が梁３８，柱３７の雌ネジ４３，４９の木質繊維に食い込んで、梁３８側から棒鋼３９，４５に伝達されるモーメントによる押圧力が棒鋼３９，４５の雄ネジ４２，４８からその周囲の木部にほぼ均等に分散して伝達され、柱３７の応力負担により梁３８をしっかりと支えることが可能となる。
【０００８】また、特許文献２には、「木構造における部材の接合方法」という名称で柱及び梁に挿入した鉄筋をボルトで螺着緊締し、さらに、鉄筋挿入部分に接着剤を注入することで柱と梁を連結する発明が開示されている。
以下、特許文献２に開示された技術について特許文献２における記載を引用しながら説明する。
【０００９】特許文献２の発明である木材の接合方法は、二つの木材、例えば、柱と梁を接合するのに使用される。接合の方法としては、まず、あらかじめ柱と梁に挿入孔を設け、これに先端にスリーブを固定した鉄筋を挿入しておく。また、この鉄筋先端のスリーブの内周面には雌ねじが設けられているため、接合する場合には梁を吊った状態で柱と梁に設けられた相対するスリーブが符合するように設置し、これらのスリーブをボルトで螺着緊締して梁を柱に圧着し接合する。そして、このように接合した柱と梁の間に生じる隙間に止水シールを設置し、さらに、梁上面に設けられ梁の挿入孔に貫通する注入口から接着剤を挿入孔と鉄筋との間に注入する。これによって、接合部にがたを生じることなく柱と梁を強固に接合することができる。
【００１０】
【特許文献１】
特開平８−１２０７９１号公報
【特許文献２】
特開平６−２０７４０１号公報
【００１１】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述の従来の技術においては、例えば特許文献１に開示された発明においては、棒鋼の雄ネジを梁及び柱の雌ネジの木質繊維に食い込ませ、梁側から棒鋼に伝達されるモーメントによる押圧力が棒鋼の雄ネジからその周囲の木部にほぼ均等に分散して伝達されるようにし、柱の応力負担によって梁をしっかりと支え、柱と梁の剛接合を可能とするものの、柱と梁の間に継手金具分の隙間が生じ、継手金具部分に大きな負担がかかるという構造力学的な課題があった。
また、柱と梁との接合作業において、予め柱と梁にジョイント板を固定しておき、建設現場でこれらのジョイント板と継手を突き合わせ、二つの継手に跨ぐように取付用鉄板を重ね合わせてボルトとナットによって固定することによって接合強度を向上させることができるものの、数箇所をボルトとナットで固定する必要があり、接合部の咬み合わせが悪い場合には接合作業に手間が生じるという施工上の課題があった。
さらに、継手金具分の隙間を生じるため、柱と梁が露出するような場合には見栄えが悪く、このような工法を採用するには外観上の課題もあった。
【００１２】また、特許文献２に開示された発明においては、隙間を生じることなく柱と梁を圧着して接合することができるものの、柱と梁を接合するボルトは両端をスリーブと螺合しなければならないため、梁を回転させながら螺合しなければならず接合作業に手間が生じるという課題があった。
【００１３】本発明はかかる従来の事情に対処してなされたものであり、接合する二つの木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように二つの木材に継手金具の代用となる金属板を埋設し、木造建築の美しさを損なうことなく、木材同士の強固な剛接合を可能とする建材の結合具を提供することを目的とする。
【００１４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、請求項１記載の発明である建材の結合具は、第一の木材と第二の木材を結合するために用いる建材の結合具であって、複数の貫通孔を表面に備え第一の木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように第一の木材に埋設される第一の金属板と、この第一の金属板の貫通孔に挿通され一の端部は第一の固定具で第一の金属板に固定され他の端部は第一の木材に押入されて第一の金属板を第一の木材に固定する第一の棒材と、複数の貫通孔を表面に備え第二の木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように第二の木材に埋設される第二の金属板と、この第二の金属板の貫通孔に挿通され一の端部は第二の固定具で第二の金属板に固定され他の端部は第二の木材に押入されて第二の金属板を第二の木材に固定する第二の棒材と、第一の金属板と第二の金属板とを締結する締結具とを有するものである。
上記構成の建材の結合具は、接合する二つの木材、すなわち、第一の木材及び第二の木材に棒材を押入することによって、第一の木材及び第二の木材に棒材を固定し、接合にかかる力を均等に分散させるという作用を有する。また、第一の木材及び第二の木材にそれぞれ金属板を埋設させ各木材の表面と略同一平面を形成することによって、第一の木材と第二の木材との隙間をほぼなくすという作用を有する。第一の木材及び第二の木材に埋設された金属板を締結具で締結することによって、二つの木材を剛接合するという作用を有する。
【００１５】また、請求項２に記載の発明である建材の結合具は、第一の木材と第二の木材を結合するために用いる建材の結合具であって、複数の貫通孔を表面に備え第一の木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように第一の木材に埋設される第一の金属板と、第一の木材の表面と対向する裏面において複数の貫通孔を表面に備え第一の木材の裏面と略同一平面を形成するように第一の木材に埋設される第三の金属板と、第一の金属板及び第三の金属板の貫通孔に挿通され一の端部は第一の固定具で第一の金属板に固定され他の端部は第一の木材を貫通して第三の固定具で第三の金属板に固定する第三の棒材と、複数の貫通孔を表面に備え第二の木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように第二の木材に埋設される第二の金属板と、この第二の金属板の貫通孔に挿通され一の端部は第二の固定具で第二の金属板に固定され他の端部は第二の木材に押入されて第二の金属板を第二の木材に固定する第二の棒材と、第一の金属板と第二の金属板とを締結する締結具とを有するものである。
上記の請求項２に記載されるような構成の建材の結合具においても、請求項１に記載の発明と同様の作用を有する。
【００１６】請求項３に記載の発明である建材の結合具は、第一の木材と第二の木材を結合するために用いる建材の結合具であって、第一の木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように第一の木材に埋設され表面に複数の貫通孔と少なくとも１の第一の溝を設けた第四の金属板と、この第四の金属板の貫通孔に挿通され一の端部は第一の木材に押入されて第四の金属板を前記第一の木材に固定する第四の棒材と、第二の木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように第二の木材に埋設され複数の貫通孔と第四の金属板に設けられた第一の溝と符合する少なくとも１の第二の溝を表面に設けた第五の金属板と、この第五の金属板の貫通孔に挿通され一の端部は第二の木材に押入されて第五の金属板を第二の木材に固定する第五の棒材と、第四の金属板に設けられた第一の溝と第五の金属板に設けられた第二の溝とに嵌合し第四の金属板と第五の金属板とを結合する連結具とを有するものである。
上記構成の建材の結合具の作用も請求項１及び請求項２に記載の発明と同様である。
【００１７】また、請求項４に記載の発明である建材の結合具は、第一の木材と第二の木材を結合するために用いる建材の結合具であって、第一の木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように第一の木材に埋設され表面に複数の貫通孔と少なくとも１の第一の溝を設けた第四の金属板と、この第四の金属板の貫通孔に挿通され一の端部は第四の固定具で第四の金属板に固定され他の端部は第一の木材に押入されて第四の金属板を第一の木材に固定する第四の棒材と、第二の木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように第二の木材に埋設され複数の貫通孔と第四の金属板に設けられた第一の溝と符合する少なくとも１の第二の溝を表面に設けた第五の金属板と、この第五の金属板の貫通孔に挿通され一の端部は第五の固定具で第五の金属板に固定され他の端部は第二の木材に押入されて第五の金属板を第二の木材に固定する第五の棒材と、第四の金属板に設けられた第一の溝と第五の金属板に設けられた第二の溝とに嵌合し第四の金属板と第五の金属板とを結合する連結具とを有するものである。
上記構成の建材の結合具においても、請求項１乃至請求項３に記載の発明の作用と同様である。
【００１８】請求項５に記載の発明である建材の結合具は、請求項３又は請求項４に記載の建材の結合具において、第四の金属板表面に第一の溝と垂直な方向に設けられる第三の溝と第四の溝とに嵌合する位置固定具を有するものである。
上記構成の建材の結合具においては、第三の溝と第四の溝を第一の溝と第二の溝と垂直方向に設けつつ位置固定具で嵌合させることによって、第四の金属板と第五の金属板とをしっかりと固定し、接合時に生じる可能性のある金属板の第一と第二の溝方向へのずれを防止するという作用を有する。
【００１９】また、請求項６に記載の発明である建材の結合具は、請求項１、請求項２、請求項４又は請求項５のいずれか１項に記載の建材の結合具において、固定具のうち少なくとも１は金属板に当接するテーパ部を有してなるものである。
上記構成の建材の結合具においては、請求項１、請求項２、請求項４又は請求項５に記載の発明の作用に加えて、金属板に当接するテーパ部を固定具に設けることによって、固定具が金属板に当接する表面積が大きくなり、接合面にかかる力がより分散されるという作用を有する。
【００２０】最後に、請求項７に記載の発明である建材の結合具は、請求項１、請求項２又は請求項４乃至請求項６のいずれか１項に記載の建材の結合具において、棒材のうち少なくとも１は棒材内部に雌ネジ部を有し、固定具は雌ネジ部に螺合する雄ネジ部を有するものである。
上記構成の建材の結合具においては、請求項１、請求項２又は請求項４乃至請求項６に記載の発明の作用に加えて、棒材内部に雌ネジ部を設け、この雌ネジ部に螺合する雄ネジ部を固定具に設けることによって、固定具と棒材の接触面積を増加させて固定を増強させる作用を有する。
【００２１】
【発明の実施の形態】
はじめに、本発明の第一の実施の形態に係る建材の結合具について、図１乃至図３に基づき説明する。（請求項１、請求項２及び請求項６に対応）
図１は本発明の第一の実施の形態に係る実施例における柱材と梁材の結合部分の概念図である。図１において、符号１は柱、符号２は梁であり、本実施の形態に係る建材の結合具は、柱１と梁２を接合するものである。
【００２２】建物の結合具は、柱１あるいは梁２に埋設された金属板３ａ，３ｂと、金属板３ａ，３ｂを固定し柱１あるいは梁２に貫通または押入する組込みスクリュー４ａ，４ｂと、柱１と梁２を接合するボルト９とを備えている。また、金属板３ａ，３ｂには組込みスクリュー４ａ，４ｂが貫通するための複数の孔７ｃとボルト９が貫通するための孔７ａ，７ｂとが設けられ、金属板３ａの孔７ｂ部分の裏側にはナット８が溶接されている。
【００２３】このように構成された建物の結合具を用いて、柱１に対して梁２を接合する手順について説明する。図１においては、柱１の両側に梁２を接合させる状態を示すものであるが、このような場合、はじめに柱１に貫通孔を設けてこの孔に組込みスクリュー４ａを押入する。そして、リング５を組込みスクリュー４ａの端部に挿通させてその上に金属板３ａを埋設し、金属板３ａを介して組込みスクリュー４ａに特殊ナット６を螺合させて固定する。
一方、梁２は挿入孔を設けてこの孔に組込みスクリュー４ｂを押入した後、リング５を組込みスクリュー４ｂの端部に挿通させ、さらに、その上に金属板３ｂを埋設し、金属板３ｂを介して組込みスクリュー４ｂに特殊ナット６を螺合させて固定する。これによって、柱１の両面及び梁２の接合面に金属板３ａ，３ｂが埋設した構造が形成される。また、梁２の上下部には溝１０を設け、接合終了後に溝１０を埋めるために適合する埋木を準備しておく。この段階までは工場などの作業場で行うとよい。
その後、建設現場にこれらの加工が施された柱１と梁２を搬入し、柱１に埋設された金属板３ａ上の孔７ｂと梁２に埋設された金属板３ｂ上の孔７ａを重ね合わせ、溝１０からボルト９を挿入してナット８とボルト９で柱１と梁２を剛接合する。これによって、柱１と梁２にかかる荷重や押圧力が組込みスクリュー４ａ，４ｂによってその周囲の木部にほぼ均等に分散して伝達され、柱１の応力負担によって梁２をしっかりと支え、柱１と梁２の剛接合を可能とするとともに、金属板３ａ，３ｂを柱１及び梁２に埋設することによって柱１と梁２との間の隙間を最小限に留め、金属板３同士の密着によって継手金具部分への負担を減少させ、接合強度の高い剛接合を行うことが可能となる。また、柱１と梁２との剛接合後、溝１０に埋木を施すことによって金属部分が外部に露出することがなく、美観の向上も可能となる。
【００２４】また、図２（ａ）は図１中符号Ａで示される方向への矢視図であり、図２（ｂ）は図１中符号Ｂで示される方向への矢視図である。図２（ａ）及び（ｂ）において、図１に示された部分と同一部分については同一符号を付し、その構成についての説明は省略する。図２（ａ）及び（ｂ）において、組込みスクリュー４ａ，４ｂ及びボルト９を金属板３ａ，３ｂに均等に配列することによって、柱１と梁２にかかる押圧力をほぼ均等に分散し、柱１と梁２とのより強固な剛接合を可能としている。また、金属板３ａ，３ｂを柱１及び梁２に埋設することによって、柱１と梁の金属板３ａ，３ｂ同士が密着し、柱１と梁２との間の隙間を小さくするため、金属部分が外部に露出することがなく、美観をより向上させることができる。
【００２５】さらに、図３（ａ）は組込みスクリューの外形図であり、（ｂ）は特殊ナットの側面図及び平面図を示したものである。図３（ａ）は柱１に押入する組込みスクリュー４ａを示したものであり、表面に雄ネジが形成されており、柱にねじ込めるようになっている。また、図面には示していないが、梁に押入する組込みスクリューは、組込みスクリュー４ａの両端に備えられた小径の雄ネジ部４ｃのうち、一方の小径の雄ネジ部４ｃを備えていないものである。
図３（ｂ）において、特殊ナット６の中央には孔１１があり、頭部には四方に均等に切り欠き１２が設けられている。特殊ナット６はこの切り欠き１２に工具を係合させることによって組込みスクリュー４ａの雄ネジ部４ｃに螺着される。前述のとおり梁に押入される組込みスクリューには雄ネジ部４ｃが一の端部にのみ設けられているが、これは、金属板側で特殊ナット６を用いて固定させるためである。したがって、柱の場合でも柱が大きく表裏両面の金属板間を挿通させるような組込みスクリューを使用しない場合には、梁に押入されるスクリューと同様に、雄ネジ４ｃを金属板を設置する側の端部にのみ設けてもよい。さらに、特殊ナット６は金属板３ａ，３ｂに当接するテーパ部を有しているため、市販のナットよりも表面積が大きい。このため、接合面の表面積が増加し、特殊ナット６にかかる押圧力が分散され、柱１と梁２にかかる力をより均等に分散させることができ、より強固な剛接合を可能にする。
【００２６】なお、図１及び図２においては柱の両側から梁を接合する場合の実施例を取り上げたが、単に柱と梁の片面同士を剛接合することも可能である。この場合には、図１及び図２に示すように金属板３ｂを梁２に埋設固定し、かつ、柱１の片面のみに組込みスクリューと特殊ナット６を用いて金属板３ａを埋設固定し、ボルト９とナット８で柱１と梁２を剛接合する。また、このとき柱１及び梁２に押入する組込みスクリューは組込みスクリュー４ａの形状のものではなく組込みスクリュー４ｂと同様の形状のものを用いる。
【００２７】次に、本発明の第二の実施の形態に係る建材の結合具について、図４乃至図６に基づき説明する。（請求項３乃至請求項７に対応）
図４は本発明の第二の実施の形態に係る実施例における二つの木材の接合部分の概念図である。図４において、符号１３及び符号２０は木材であり、本実施の形態に係る建材の結合具は、この二つの木材１３，２０を接合するものである。
【００２８】建物の結合具は、木材１３，２０に埋設された金属板１４，２１と、金属板１４，２１を木材１３，２０に固定し木材１３，２０に押入する組込みスクリュー１８，２５と、金属板１４，２１を接合するクサビ２８と、接合時に金属板１４，２１を固定する金属棒３０とから構成されている。
金属板１４，２１は長方形状をしており、横幅が木材１３，２０の横幅よりも短く、縦幅が木材１３，２０の縦幅と略同一長さとなっている。したがって、木材１３，２０の上面及び下面と金属板１４，２１が同一表面を形成するように木材１３，２０に埋設することができる。
これらの金属板１４，２１表面にはその上下端部にクサビ２８を嵌め込むための溝１５，２２が符合するように設けられており、また、表面中央部にはこれらの溝１５，２２に対して略垂直方向となるように、金属棒３０を嵌め込むための溝１７，２４が同様に符合するように設けられている。
さらに、溝１５，２２の両側には組込みスクリュー１８，２５が貫通するための複数の孔１６，２３が設けられている。
【００２９】このように構成された建物の結合具を用いて、木材１３と木材２０を接合する手順について説明する。図４は、同じ大きさの木材を接合させる状態を示すものであるが、このような場合、木材１３，２０にはあらかじめ組込みスクリューを押入するための複数の貫通孔と金属板を埋設するための溝を施しておく。そして、木材１３，２０に設けられた複数の貫通孔に組込みスクリュー１８，２５をねじ込み、さらに、その上に金属板１４，２１を埋設する。組込みスクリュー１８，２５は金属板１４，２１を介してボルト１９，２６と螺合させ、金属板１４，２１を木材１３，２０に固定する。これにより、木材１３，２０の接合面に金属板１４，２１が埋設された構造が形成される。この段階までは工場などの作業場で行うとよい。
【００３０】次に、建設現場にこれらの加工が施された木材１３，２０を搬入し、木材１３と木材２０の接合作業を行う。まず、木材１３に埋設された金属板１４上の溝１７と木材２０に埋設された金属板２１上の溝２４の両方に金属棒３０が嵌合するように金属板１４と金属板２１を重ねあわせる。そして、接合部分の上面及び下面側から溝１５と溝２２によって形成される溝に、断面が台形の上底（短辺）を併せたような形状であるクサビ２８を嵌設して木材１３と木材２０を剛接合する。クサビ２８の断面を台形の上底（短辺）を併せたような形状とすることで、金属板１４，２１の接合を確実にし、容易に外れないように作用させている。
このように剛接合することで、木材１３，２０にかかる荷重や押圧力が組込みスクリュー１８，２５によってその周囲の木部にほぼ均等に分散して伝達され、木材１３，２０の剛接合を可能とする。しかも、金属板１４，２１を木材１３，２０に埋設することによって木材１３，２０との間の隙間を最小限に留め、クサビ２８を溝１５，２２に挿入するという簡単な作業によって接合強度の高い剛接合を行うことが可能となる。
【００３１】また、クサビ２８の金属板１４，２１との接触面とクサビ２８が嵌設される溝１５，２２の形状を長方形形状ではなく、端部側で広く内部側で狭い台形形状にすることで、より高い応力がかかる金属板１４，２１の端部においてより強固に接合させることが可能である。
さらに、金属板１４，２１の横幅を木材１３，２０の横幅よりも短くすることで金属棒３０を嵌合する溝１７，２４が木材１３，２０を貫通しない形状となるため、接合された状態では金属棒３０が外部から見えず外観を向上させることができる。
【００３２】なお、図４では金属板１４，２１を長方形状としたが、正方形状となるようにしてもよい。加えて、金属板１４，２１の横幅が木材１３，２０の横幅より短くなるように図示したが、金属板１４，２１の横幅が木材１３，２０の横幅と同じ長さになるようにしてもよい。このようにすれば、金属棒３０をクサビ２８の嵌設後に接合部分の側面から溝１７，２４によって形成される溝に挿入することもできる。ただし、金属板１４，２１の側面が木材１３，２０の接合後に見えるため美観の点からすれば好ましくないとも言える。
また、接合後にはクサビ２８を容易に抜き取ることができないため、接合を解除する場合には内側に雌ネジ部が設けられたボルト穴２９にこの雌ネジと螺合する雄ネジを有したボルト２７を挿入して螺合させクサビ２８を引き抜いて行うことができる。なお、溝１５，２２の形状が台形形状である場合には、嵌合するクサビ２８の挿脱作業においても好都合である。
【００３３】また、図５（ａ）は図４中符号Ｃで示される方向への矢視図であり、図５（ｂ）は図４中符号Ｄで示される方向への矢視図である。図５（ａ）及び（ｂ）において、図４に示された部分と同一部分については同一符号を付し、その構成についての説明は省略する。図５（ａ）及び（ｂ）において、組込みスクリュー１８，２５を均等に配列し、かつ、接合面の中心軸上に溝１５，１７，２２，２４を配列することによって、木材１３，２０にかかる押圧力をほぼ均等に分散し、木材１３，２０のより強固な剛接合を可能としている。また、金属板１４，２１を木材１３，２０に埋設し、これらをクサビ２８で接合することによって、木材１３，２０の金属板１４，２１同士が密着し、木材１３，２０の間の隙間を小さくするため、接合部分が外部に露出することがなく、美観をより向上させることができる。
【００３４】さらに、図６（ａ）は組込みスクリューの外形図であり、（ｂ）はボルトの側面図であり、（ｃ）は組込みスクリューの外形図であり、（ｄ）は特殊ナットの側面図及び平面図である。
図６（ａ）は木材１３に挿入する組込みスクリュー１８を示したものであり、表面に雄ネジが形成されており、木材にねじ込めるようになっている。また、組込みスクリュー１８の一端の内部に形成されたボルト穴３１の内側には雌ネジが形成されており、図６（ｂ）に示すボルト１９表面に形成された雄ネジと螺合可能となっている。このため、木材１３にねじ込まれた組込みスクリュー１８のボルト穴３１を金属板１４の孔１６と重ね合わせた状態で孔１６及びボルト穴３１からボルト１９を螺合させることで金属板１４を木材１３に埋設及び固定することができる。さらに、ボルト穴３１内側の雌ネジをＪＩＳ規格ボルトの雄ネジと螺合可能な形状に加工すれば、特殊なボルトを用いなくても市販のボルトで金属板１４を木材１３に埋設及び固定することが可能となる。図面には図示していないが、組込みスクリュー２５及びボルト２６も同様の構造である。
【００３５】また、図４及び図５に図示した本発明の第二の実施の形態の実施例においては図６（ａ）及び（ｂ）に示すような組込みスクリューとボルトを使用したが、孔１６，２３をテーパー形状に形成し、組込みスクリュー１８，２５とボルト１９，２６の代わりに図６（ｃ）及び（ｄ）に示すような組込みスクリュー３２と特殊ナット３４を使用して金属板１４，２１を木材１３，２０に埋設固定してもよい。図６（ｄ）に示すように、特殊ナット３４の中央には孔３５があり、頭部には四方に均等に切り欠き３６が設けられているため、この切り欠き３６に工具を係合させることによって孔１６から突出した組込みスクリュー３２の雄ネジ部３３に特殊ナット３４を螺着し、金属板１４，２１を木材１３，２０に埋設固定することができる。特殊ナット３４と組込みスクリュー３２を使用する接合においては、特殊ナット３４が金属板に当接するテーパ部を有しているため、市販のナットよりも表面積が大きく、これによって接合面の表面積が増加して特殊ナット３４にかかる押圧力が分散される。このため、接合する二つの木材１３，２０にかかる力をより均等に分散させることができ、より強固な剛接合を可能にする。
【００３６】図７（ａ）は図４及び図５において金属板を木材に固定した部分の詳細図（実施例１）であり、（ｂ）は金属板固定方法の実施例２の概念図であり、（ｃ）は金属板固定方法の実施例３の概念図である。
図７（ａ）では、ボルト１９と組込みスクリュー１８を用いて金属板１４を木材１３に固定している。したがって、組込みスクリュー１８の上側の端面は、金属板１４の下面と当接するため、木材１３内においてぐらつくことがなく、また、金属板１４も木材１３に食い込むことがないという効果がある。また、ボルト１９は組込みスクリュー１８内に形成された雌ネジに螺合するため、接触面積が増え、より堅固に金属板１４を木材１３に固定することができる。
図７（ｂ）は（ａ）のボルト１９を設けることなく、組込みスクリュー１８ａによって木材１３と金属板１４が当接するように固定したものであるが、上述のとおり木材１３内で組込みスクリュー１８ａがぐらついたり、金属板１４が木材１３に食い込むといった可能性があるものの、組込みスクリュー１８ａのみで金属板１４を木材１３に容易に固定することができるという利点がある。また、（ｃ）は図６の（ｃ）に示す組込みスクリュー３２にナット３２ａを溶接したものと図６（ｄ）に示す特殊ナット３４とを用いて金属板１４を木材１３に固定するものである。このような固定方法においては、金属板１４と接触する金属の接触面が（ａ）よりも大きく、組込みスクリュー３２のぐらつきや金属板１４が木材１３に食い込むのをさらに抑制するという効果に加えて、特殊ナット３４が金属板に当接するテーパ部を備えていることで市販のナットよりも表面積が大きくなり、これによって接合面の表面積が増加して特殊ナット３４にかかる押圧力が分散され、接合する二つの木材１３，２０にかかる力をより均等に分散させることができ、より強固な剛接合を可能にする。
【００３７】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の請求項１に記載の建材の結合具においては、複数の貫通孔を表面に備え第一の木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように第一の木材に埋設され、一の端部が第一の木材に押入された第一の棒材の他端部と第一の固定具を用いて固定された第一の金属板と、複数の貫通孔を表面に備え第二の木材の表面と略同一平面を形成するように第二の木材に埋設され、一の端部が第二の木材に押入された第二の棒材の他端部と第二の固定具を用いて固定された第二の金属板とを締結することによって、第一の木材及び第二の木材にかかる押圧力が第一の木材及び第二の木材に押入された第一の棒材及び第二の棒材によってその周囲の木部にほぼ均等に分散して伝達され、第一の木材と第二の木材の剛接合を可能とすることができるとともに、金属板を第一の木材及び第二の木材に埋設することによって第一の木材及び第二の木材との間の隙間を最小限に留め、しかも、金属板同士が密着することによって結合具への負担を減少させ、接合強度の高い剛接合を行うことが可能となる。さらに、接合部分が木材から見えることがなく美観の点で優れた効果を有する。
【００３８】特に、本発明の請求項２に建材の結合具においては、第一の木材の両側で第一の木材へ係る応力を負担することで片面で応力を負担するよりもより均等に応力を分散させることができる。
また、請求項１に記載の発明と同様に金属板を第一の木材及び第二の木材に埋設することによって第一の木材と第二の木材の間の隙間を最小限に留めて、結合具への負担を減少させ、接合強度の高い剛接合を行うことが可能となる。また、美観の点でも請求項１に記載の発明と同様に優れた効果を奏する。
【００３９】
請求項３及び請求項４に記載された発明においても請求項１の発明と同様の効果を有する。
【００４０】また、特に、本発明の請求項５に記載の建材の結合具においては、第一の溝及び第二の溝に垂直に設けられた第三の溝と第四の溝とを位置固定具で嵌合させることによって、第四の金属板と第五の金属板とをしっかりと固定し接合時に生じる第一の溝と第二の溝と平行な方向へのずれを防ぐことができ、より強固な接合を実現することができる。
【００４１】特に、本発明の請求項６に記載の建材の結合具においては、固定具に金属板に当接するテーパ部を設けることによって、固定具の接合面の表面積を増加させ、固定具にかかる押圧力を分散し、結合具にかかる力を均等に分散することができ、より強固な接合を可能とすることができる。
【００４２】最後に、本発明の請求項７に記載の建材の結合具においては、固定具と棒材の接触面積を増加させて金属板の固定を増強させ、建材をより強固に結合させることが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第一の実施の形態に係る建材の結合具の実施例における柱材と梁材の結合部分の概念図である。
【図２】（ａ）は図１中符号Ａで示される方向への矢視図であり、（ｂ）は図１中符号Ｂで示される方向への矢視図である。
【図３】（ａ）は組込みスクリューの外形図であり、（ｂ）は特殊ナットの側面図及び平面図である。
【図４】本発明の第二の実施の形態に係る建材の結合具の実施例における木材と木材の結合部分の概念図である。
【図５】（ａ）は図４中符号Ｃで示される方向への矢視図であり、（ｂ）は図４中符号Ｄで示される方向への矢視図である。
【図６】（ａ）は組込みスクリューの外形図であり、（ｂ）はボルトの側面図であり、（ｃ）は組込みスクリューの外形図であり、（ｄ）は特殊ナットの側面図及び平面図である。
【図７】（ａ）は図４及び図５において金属板を木材に固定した部分の詳細図（実施例１）であり、（ｂ）は金属板固定方法の実施例２の概念図であり、（ｃ）は金属板固定方法の実施例３の概念図である。
【図８】従来技術に係る建材の結合具の概念図である。
【符号の説明】
１…柱２…梁３，３ａ，３ｂ…金属板４ａ，４ｂ…組込みスクリュー４ｃ…雄ネジ部５…リング６…特殊ナット７ａ，７ｂ，７ｃ…孔８…ナット９…ボルト１０…溝１１…孔１２…切り欠き１３…木材１４…金属板１５…溝１６…孔１７…溝１８…組込みスクリュー１８ａ…組込みスクリュー１９…ボルト２０…木材２１…金属板２２…溝２３…孔２４…溝２５…組込みスクリュー２６…ボルト２７…ボルト２８…クサビ２９…ボルト穴３０…金属棒３１…ボルト穴３２…組込みスクリュー３２ａ…ナット３３…雄ネジ部３４…特殊ナット３５…孔３６…切り欠き３７…柱３８…梁３９…棒鋼４０…雄ネジ４１…雌ネジ４２…雄ネジ４３…雌ネジ４４…端部４５…棒鋼４６…雄ネジ４７…雌ネジ４８…雄ネジ４９…雌ネジ５０…面５１…面５２…ボルト孔５３…当て板５４…ナット５５…ナット５６…ボルト５７ａ，５７ｂ…取付用鉄板５８…補強版５９…ボルト６０…ナット６１…ジョイント板６２…継手６３…継手金具[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a building material coupler used for joining wood in a wooden building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, there are four types of wooden construction methods: frame construction (conventional construction method), frame wall construction method (2 × 4 construction method), large section wooden construction, and log construction method. A structure that supports the weight, earthquake shaking, etc. with beams is called a ramen structure.
In the case of a rigid frame structure, LVL (structural veneer laminate) is mainly used for pillars and beams, drilled at the joints of pillars and beams, and deformed reinforcing bars are inserted, and adhesive (epoxy resin) is used as the gap between the holes. The RH construction method (wooden ramen structure by rebar constrained joining) is used in which the joint is rigidly joined by filling and hardening. However, although complete joining is possible between iron and iron, it has been difficult to achieve complete rigid joining even when a metal joint is used between wood and wood in a large wooden structure.
In order to address such problems, several inventions and devices have been disclosed. In particular, as a solution for the RH construction method, most of the methods using friction welding by inserting a joint fitting between a column and a beam joint and penetrating a high tension bolt through the column, the joint fitting and the beam are used. is occupying.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention in which a column member through which a bolt penetrates and a beam member into which the bolt is inserted are connected by using a joint fitting under the name “building material coupler”.
Hereinafter, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 7, reference numeral 37 denotes a column, and reference numeral 38 denotes a beam, which are coupled using a joint fitting 63 and steel bars 39 and 45.
First, the coupling element will be described.
The coupling elements include bar steels 39 and 45 and a joint fitting 63. The bar steels 39 and 45 are round steels, and male screws 42 and 48 are formed on the entire outer periphery, while female screws 41 and 47 are formed on the entire inner periphery. Has been. Female threads 43 and 49 are formed on the entire inner surface of the steel bar insertion portion of the beam 38 and the column 37, and are engaged with the male screws 42 and 48. Further, bolts having male screws 40 and 46 formed on the entire outer periphery are inserted into the steel bars 39 and 45, and are screwed into female screws 41 and 47 formed inside the steel bars 39 and 45.
Further, the joint fitting 63 as another coupling element includes a joint plate 61 and a joint 62. The joint plate 61 includes a contact plate 53 provided with a plurality of bolt holes 52 at one end, and a plurality of bolt holes are provided at the other end, using bolts 59, nuts 60, and joints 62. The joint plates 61, 61 can be connected, and further, reinforcing plates 58 are welded to the upper and lower portions.
Next, the connection relationship of each connection element will be described.
The steel bar 45 passes through the column 37, and both end portions 44 of the steel bar 45 are fixed to the surface 50 and the surface 51 through a contact plate 53 having a bolt hole 52 and fixed with a nut 54. On the other hand, the steel bar 39 is pressed into the beam 38, and the end 44 of the steel bar 39 is installed on the joint surface with the pillar 37, passes through a contact plate 53 that requires a bolt hole 52, and is fixed with a nut 54.
Further, the joint plate 61 connected to the column 37 and the joint plate 61 connected to the beam 38 are coupled using a bolt 59 and a nut 60 via a joint 62. In addition, the two upper and lower reinforcing plates 58 and 58 welded perpendicularly to each joint plate 61 are fixed by mounting iron plates 57a and 57b, bolts 56, and nuts 55 installed so as to sandwich them.
In this way, the column 37 and the beam 38 are rigidly joined using the joint fitting 63 and the bar steels 39 and 45, so that the male screws 42 and 48 of the bar steels 39 and 45 become the female screw 43 of the beam 38 and the column 37. , 49 bite into the wood fiber, and the pressing force due to the moment transmitted from the beam 38 side to the steel bars 39, 45 is distributed almost uniformly from the male threads 42, 48 of the steel bars 39, 45 to the surrounding wood parts. Thus, the beam 38 can be firmly supported by the stress load of the column 37.
Also, in Patent Document 2, a reinforcing bar inserted into a column and a beam with the name of “method of joining members in a wooden structure” is screwed and tightened with a bolt, and an adhesive is injected into the reinforcing bar insertion portion. The invention which connects a column and a beam is disclosed.
Hereinafter, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 will be described with reference to the description in Patent Document 2.
The wood joining method according to the invention of Patent Document 2 is used to join two pieces of wood, for example, a column and a beam. As a joining method, first, an insertion hole is provided in advance in a column and a beam, and a reinforcing bar having a sleeve fixed to the tip is inserted into the insertion hole. In addition, since the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve at the end of the reinforcing bar is provided with a female thread, when joining, the column and the opposite sleeve provided on the beam are installed so that the opposite sleeves coincide with each other, These sleeves are screwed and tightened with bolts, and the beams are pressed and joined to the columns. Then, a waterproof seal is installed in the gap generated between the column and the beam joined in this way, and further, an adhesive is provided between the insertion hole and the reinforcing bar from the injection port provided on the beam upper surface and penetrating the beam insertion hole. Inject. As a result, the column and the beam can be firmly joined without causing rattling at the joint.
[0010]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-120791 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-207401
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional technology, for example, in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1, the male screw of the steel bar is bitten into the wood fiber of the female screw of the beam and the column, and the moment transmitted from the beam side to the steel bar Although the pressing force is transmitted almost uniformly distributed from the male screw of the steel bar to the surrounding wood, the beam is firmly supported by the stress load of the column, and the column can be rigidly connected. There was a structural mechanical problem that a gap corresponding to the fitting was generated between the beam and the beam, and a large burden was placed on the fitting.
In addition, in the joining work between the column and the beam, joint plates are fixed to the column and the beam in advance, the joint plate and the joint are butted together at the construction site, and the mounting iron plate is overlapped so as to straddle the two joints. Although it is possible to improve the joint strength by fixing with bolts and nuts, it is necessary to fix several places with bolts and nuts. There was a problem.
Furthermore, since a gap corresponding to the fitting is generated, the appearance is poor when the column and the beam are exposed, and there is a problem in appearance in adopting such a construction method.
In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, the column and the beam can be joined by crimping without generating a gap, but the bolt for joining the column and the beam is screwed to the sleeve at both ends. Therefore, there is a problem in that it is necessary to screw the beam while rotating the beam, and the joining work is troublesome.
The present invention has been made in response to such a conventional situation, and a metal plate serving as a substitute for a joint fitting is embedded in two pieces of wood so as to form a plane substantially identical to the surfaces of the two pieces of wood to be joined. And it aims at providing the coupling | bonding material of the building material which enables the strong rigid joining of timbers, without impairing the beauty of wooden construction.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a building material coupler according to claim 1 is a building material coupler used for bonding a first wood and a second wood, and has a plurality of through holes on the surface. The first metal plate embedded in the first wood so as to form a substantially same plane as the surface of the first wood, and one end portion inserted through the through hole of the first metal plate A first bar that is fixed to the first metal plate with one fixture and the other end is pressed into the first wood to fix the first metal plate to the first wood, and a plurality of through holes A second metal plate embedded in the second wood so as to form a substantially flush surface with the surface of the second wood, and one end portion inserted through the through hole of the second metal plate Is fixed to the second metal plate with the second fixture, and the other end is pushed into the second wood, and the second bar for fixing the second metal plate to the second wood, and the first Those having a fastener for fastening the metal plate and the second metal plate.
The construction material coupler having the above structure fixes the bar material to the first wood and the second wood by pressing the bar material into the two woods to be joined, that is, the first wood and the second wood. And, it has the effect of dispersing the force applied to the bonding evenly. In addition, by embedding a metal plate in each of the first and second timbers to form a substantially same plane as the surface of each timber, there is an effect of substantially eliminating the gap between the first and second timbers. Have. By fastening a metal plate embedded in the first wood and the second wood with a fastener, the two woods are rigidly joined.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building material coupler which is used for bonding the first wood and the second wood, and has a plurality of through holes on the surface. The first metal plate embedded in the first wood so as to form substantially the same plane as the surface of the first wood, and a plurality of through holes on the back surface facing the surface of the first wood A third metal plate embedded in the first wood so as to form substantially the same plane as the back surface of the first wood, and one end inserted through the first metal plate and the through hole of the third metal plate The third fixing member is fixed to the first metal plate with the first fixing tool and the other end is fixed to the third metal plate with the third fixing tool through the first wood; A second metal plate embedded in the second wood so as to form a plurality of through-holes on the surface and substantially flush with the surface of the second wood, and the second gold One end is inserted into the through-hole of the plate, and one end is fixed to the second metal plate by the second fixing tool, and the other end is pushed into the second wood, and the second metal plate is used as the second wood. A second bar to be fixed and a fastener for fastening the first metal plate and the second metal plate are provided.
The construction material coupler having the structure described in claim 2 has the same function as that of the invention described in claim 1.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a construction material coupler used for coupling the first wood and the second wood, which is substantially the same as the surface of the first wood. A fourth metal plate embedded in the first wood so as to form a flat surface and provided with a plurality of through holes and at least one first groove on the surface, and inserted into the through holes of the fourth metal plate. The end of the second wood is pushed into the first wood to form a fourth bar for fixing the fourth metal plate to the first wood, and the second wood so as to form a substantially flush surface with the surface of the second wood. A fifth metal plate provided on the surface with a plurality of through holes and at least one second groove coinciding with the first groove provided in the fourth metal plate embedded in the wood, and the fifth metal A fifth bar that is inserted into the through-hole of the plate and one end is pressed into the second wood to fix the fifth metal plate to the second wood, and a fourth metal plate Fitted into the first groove provided with a second groove provided in the fifth metal plate and a fourth metal plate is one having a connector for coupling the fifth metal plate.
The operation of the construction material coupler having the above-described structure is the same as that of the first and second aspects of the invention.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building material coupler, which is a building material coupler used for bonding the first wood and the second wood. A fourth metal plate embedded in the first wood so as to form substantially the same plane and provided with a plurality of through holes and at least one first groove on the surface, and inserted into the through holes of the fourth metal plate One end is fixed to the fourth metal plate by a fourth fixing tool, and the other end is pushed into the first wood to fix the fourth metal plate to the first wood. At least one first material that is embedded in the second wood so as to form substantially the same plane as the surface of the second wood and the first groove provided in the plurality of through holes and the fourth metal plate. A fifth metal plate provided with a second groove on the surface, and one end is fixed to the fifth metal plate with a fifth fixing tool through the through hole of the fifth metal plate. The other end is pressed into the second wood to fix the fifth metal plate to the second wood, a first bar provided in the fourth metal plate, and a fifth It has a connector that fits into a second groove provided in the metal plate and connects the fourth metal plate and the fifth metal plate.
The construction material coupler having the above-described configuration is the same as the operation of the invention according to claims 1 to 3.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building material coupler according to the third or fourth aspect, wherein the fourth metal plate surface is perpendicular to the first groove. It has a position fixing tool fitted to the third groove and the fourth groove provided.
In the building material coupler having the above-described structure, the fourth metal plate is formed by fitting the third groove and the fourth groove with the position fixing tool while providing the third groove and the fourth groove in a direction perpendicular to the first groove and the second groove. And the fifth metal plate are firmly fixed, and the metal plate which may occur during joining is prevented from shifting in the first and second groove directions.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building material coupler as defined in any one of the first, second, fourth, and fifth aspects. At least one of the tools has a tapered portion that comes into contact with the metal plate.
In the building material coupler having the above structure, in addition to the action of the invention according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 4 or claim 5, by providing a taper portion contacting the metal plate in the fixture, The surface area with which the fixture comes into contact with the metal plate is increased, and the force applied to the joint surface is more dispersed.
Finally, the building material coupler according to claim 7 is the building material coupler according to any one of claims 1, 2, or 4 to 6. At least one of the bar members has a female screw part inside the bar member, and the fixture has a male screw part screwed into the female screw part.
In the construction material coupler having the above structure, in addition to the action of the invention according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 4 to claim 6, a female screw part is provided inside the bar, and the female screw part is provided in the female screw part. By providing a male screw part to be screwed to the fixture, the contact area between the fixture and the bar is increased, and the fixation is enhanced.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, a construction material coupler according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. (Corresponding to Claims 1, 2 and 6)
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a connecting portion between a column member and a beam member in an example according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a column, and reference numeral 2 is a beam. The building material coupler according to the present embodiment joins the column 1 and the beam 2.
The building coupler includes metal plates 3a and 3b embedded in the pillar 1 or beam 2, and built-in screws 4a and 4b that fix the metal plates 3a and 3b and penetrate or push into the pillar 1 or beam 2. A bolt 9 for joining the column 1 and the beam 2 is provided. The metal plates 3a and 3b are provided with a plurality of holes 7c through which the built-in screws 4a and 4b pass and holes 7a and 7b through which the bolts 9 pass, and on the back side of the hole 7b portion of the metal plate 3a. The nut 8 is welded.
The procedure for joining the beam 2 to the column 1 using the thus constructed building coupler will be described. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the beam 2 is joined to both sides of the column 1. In such a case, a through hole is first provided in the column 1, and the built-in screw 4 a is pushed into this hole. Then, the ring 5 is inserted into the end of the built-in screw 4a, the metal plate 3a is embedded thereon, and the special nut 6 is screwed and fixed to the built-in screw 4a via the metal plate 3a.
On the other hand, the beam 2 is provided with an insertion hole, and after inserting the built-in screw 4b into the hole, the ring 5 is inserted through the end of the built-in screw 4b, and a metal plate 3b is embedded thereon, and the metal plate 3b is Then, the special nut 6 is screwed and fixed to the built-in screw 4b. As a result, a structure in which the metal plates 3a and 3b are embedded on both surfaces of the pillar 1 and the joint surface of the beam 2 is formed. Moreover, the groove | channel 10 is provided in the upper and lower parts of the beam 2, and the suitable buried wood for filling up the groove | channel 10 after completion | finish of joining is prepared. Until this stage, it is better to work in a workshop such as a factory.
Then, the pillar 1 and the beam 2 subjected to these processes are carried into the construction site, and the hole 7b on the metal plate 3a embedded in the column 1 and the hole 7a on the metal plate 3b embedded in the beam 2 are overlapped. In addition, the bolt 9 is inserted from the groove 10, and the column 1 and the beam 2 are rigidly joined with the nut 8 and the bolt 9. As a result, the load and pressing force applied to the column 1 and the beam 2 are transmitted by the built-in screws 4a and 4b to be distributed almost evenly to the surrounding wooden parts, and the beam 2 is firmly supported by the stress load of the column 1, 1 and the beam 2 can be rigidly connected, and by embedding the metal plates 3a and 3b in the column 1 and the beam 2, the gap between the column 1 and the beam 2 is minimized, and the metal plates 3 It is possible to reduce the burden on the joint fitting portion by the close contact and perform a rigid joint with a high joint strength. Moreover, after the rigid connection between the column 1 and the beam 2, a metal part is not exposed to the outside by embedding a groove in the groove 10, and the appearance can be improved.
2A is an arrow view in the direction indicated by symbol A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is an arrow view in the direction indicated by symbol B in FIG. . 2A and 2B, the same parts as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the configuration is omitted. 2 (a) and 2 (b), by arranging the built-in screws 4a and 4b and the bolts 9 evenly on the metal plates 3a and 3b, the pressing force applied to the column 1 and the beam 2 is almost evenly distributed. 1 and the beam 2 can be more firmly rigidly joined. Further, by embedding the metal plates 3a and 3b in the column 1 and the beam 2, the metal plates 3a and 3b of the column 1 and the beam are in close contact with each other, and the gap between the column 1 and the beam 2 is reduced. The portion is not exposed to the outside, and the aesthetics can be further improved.
FIG. 3A is an external view of the built-in screw, and FIG. 3B is a side view and a plan view of the special nut. FIG. 3 (a) shows the built-in screw 4a that is pushed into the column 1, and a male screw is formed on the surface, so that it can be screwed into the column. Although not shown in the drawings, the built-in screw to be pushed into the beam does not include one of the small-diameter male screw portions 4c provided at both ends of the built-in screw 4a. is there.
In FIG.3 (b), the hole 11 is provided in the center of the special nut 6, and the notch 12 is provided in the head equally in the four directions. The special nut 6 is screwed to the male screw portion 4c of the built-in screw 4a by engaging a tool with the notch 12. As described above, the built-in screw that is pushed into the beam is provided with the male screw portion 4c only at one end, which is for fixing with the special nut 6 on the metal plate side. Therefore, even in the case of a pillar, if a built-in screw that inserts between the metal plates on both the front and back surfaces is not used, the male screw 4c on the side on which the metal plate is installed is similar to the screw pushed into the beam. You may provide only in an edge part. Furthermore, since the special nut 6 has a taper part which contacts the metal plates 3a and 3b, the surface area is larger than a commercially available nut. For this reason, the surface area of a joint surface increases, the pressing force concerning special nut 6 is disperse | distributed, the force concerning pillar 1 and beam 2 can be disperse | distributed more uniformly, and a stronger rigid joint is attained.
Although FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment in which beams are joined from both sides of a column, it is also possible to simply join one side of a column and a beam rigidly. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the metal plate 3b is embedded and fixed in the beam 2, and the metal plate 3a is embedded and fixed only on one side of the column 1 using a built-in screw and a special nut 6. The column 1 and the beam 2 are rigidly joined with the bolt 9 and the nut 8. At this time, the built-in screw to be pushed into the column 1 and the beam 2 is not in the shape of the built-in screw 4a, but has the same shape as the built-in screw 4b.
Next, a construction material coupler according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. (Corresponding to claims 3 to 7)
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a joining portion of two timbers in an example according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the code | symbol 13 and the code | symbol 20 are wood, and the coupling | bonding material of the building material which concerns on this Embodiment joins these two woods 13 and 20. FIG.
The building coupler includes metal plates 14 and 21 embedded in the woods 13 and 20, and built-in screws 18 and 25 for fixing the metal plates 14 and 21 to the woods 13 and 20 and pushing them into the woods 13 and 20. , A wedge 28 for joining the metal plates 14 and 21 and a metal rod 30 for fixing the metal plates 14 and 21 at the time of joining.
The metal plates 14 and 21 have a rectangular shape, the horizontal width is shorter than the horizontal width of the woods 13 and 20, and the vertical width is substantially the same as the vertical width of the woods 13 and 20. Therefore, the upper and lower surfaces of the timbers 13 and 20 and the metal plates 14 and 21 can be embedded in the timbers 13 and 20 so as to form the same surface.
Grooves 15 and 22 for fitting the wedges 28 are provided on the upper and lower ends of the surfaces of the metal plates 14 and 21 so as to coincide with each other. On the other hand, grooves 17 and 24 for fitting the metal rod 30 are provided so as to coincide with each other so as to be in a substantially vertical direction.
Further, a plurality of holes 16 and 23 through which the built-in screws 18 and 25 pass are provided on both sides of the grooves 15 and 22.
A procedure for joining the timber 13 and the timber 20 using the building coupler thus constructed will be described. FIG. 4 shows a state in which timbers of the same size are joined. In such a case, the timbers 13 and 20 are embedded with a plurality of through holes and a metal plate for inserting a built-in screw in advance. Make a groove. Then, the built-in screws 18 and 25 are screwed into a plurality of through holes provided in the woods 13 and 20, and the metal plates 14 and 21 are embedded thereon. The built-in screws 18 and 25 are screwed to the bolts 19 and 26 via the metal plates 14 and 21 to fix the metal plates 14 and 21 to the woods 13 and 20. Thereby, the structure by which the metal plates 14 and 21 were embed | buried under the joining surface of the timbers 13 and 20 is formed. Until this stage, it is better to work in a workshop such as a factory.
Next, the timbers 13 and 20 subjected to these processes are carried into the construction site, and the timber 13 and the timber 20 are joined. First, the metal plate 14 and the metal plate 21 are overlapped so that the metal rod 30 fits into both the groove 17 on the metal plate 14 embedded in the wood 13 and the groove 24 on the metal plate 21 embedded in the wood 20. Combine. Then, a wedge 28 having a cross-sectional shape combined with a trapezoidal upper base (short side) is fitted in the groove formed by the groove 15 and the groove 22 from the upper surface and the lower surface side of the joint portion, and the wood 13 The wood 20 is rigidly joined. By making the cross-section of the wedge 28 into a shape that combines the upper base (short side) of the trapezoidal shape, the metal plates 14 and 21 are reliably joined and acted so as not to easily come off.
By rigidly joining in this way, the load and pressing force applied to the woods 13 and 20 are transmitted almost uniformly and distributed to the surrounding wood parts by the built-in screws 18 and 25, so that the woods 13 and 20 can be rigidly joined. And Moreover, by embedding the metal plates 14 and 21 in the woods 13 and 20, the gap between the woods 13 and 20 is kept to a minimum, and the wedge 28 is inserted into the grooves 15 and 22 so that the bonding strength is increased. High rigidity can be achieved.
Further, the contact surfaces of the wedges 28 with the metal plates 14 and 21 and the grooves 15 and 22 into which the wedges 28 are fitted are not in the rectangular shape, but in a trapezoidal shape that is wide on the end side and narrow on the inner side. Thus, it is possible to bond more firmly at the end portions of the metal plates 14 and 21 to which higher stress is applied.
Furthermore, since the groove | channels 17 and 24 which fit the metal rod 30 become a shape which does not penetrate the woods 13 and 20 by making the horizontal width of the metal plates 14 and 21 shorter than the horizontal width of the woods 13 and 20, the joined state Then, the metal rod 30 cannot be seen from the outside, and the appearance can be improved.
Although the metal plates 14 and 21 are rectangular in FIG. 4, they may be square. In addition, although the width of the metal plates 14 and 21 is illustrated to be shorter than the width of the woods 13 and 20, the width of the metal plates 14 and 21 may be the same as the width of the woods 13 and 20. Good. In this way, the metal rod 30 can be inserted into the groove formed by the grooves 17 and 24 from the side surface of the joint portion after the wedge 28 is fitted. However, since the side surfaces of the metal plates 14 and 21 are visible after the joining of the woods 13 and 20, it can be said that it is not preferable from the point of view of beauty.
In addition, since the wedge 28 cannot be easily removed after joining, when releasing the joining, the bolt 27 having a male screw threadedly engaged with the female screw in the bolt hole 29 provided with the female screw portion on the inner side. Can be inserted and screwed, and the wedge 28 can be pulled out. In addition, when the shape of the groove | channels 15 and 22 is trapezoid shape, it is convenient also in the insertion / extraction operation | work of the wedge 28 to fit.
FIG. 5 (a) is an arrow view in the direction indicated by symbol C in FIG. 4, and FIG. 5 (b) is an arrow view in the direction indicated by symbol D in FIG. . 5A and 5B, the same parts as those shown in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description of the configuration is omitted. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the built-in screws 18 and 25 are evenly arranged, and the grooves 15, 17, 22, and 24 are arranged on the central axis of the joining surface, whereby the woods 13 and 20 are arranged. Such pressing force is distributed almost evenly, and the woods 13 and 20 can be more firmly rigidly joined. Further, by embedding the metal plates 14 and 21 in the woods 13 and 20 and joining them with the wedges 28, the metal plates 14 and 21 of the woods 13 and 20 are in close contact with each other, and a gap between the woods 13 and 20 is formed. In order to make it small, the joint portion is not exposed to the outside, and the aesthetics can be further improved.
Further, FIG. 6 (a) is an outline view of the built-in screw, (b) is a side view of the bolt, (c) is an outline view of the built-in screw, and (d) is a side view of the special nut. It is a figure and a top view.
FIG. 6 (a) shows the built-in screw 18 to be inserted into the wood 13. A male screw is formed on the surface, and the screw can be screwed into the wood. Further, a female screw is formed inside the bolt hole 31 formed in one end of the built-in screw 18 and can be screwed with a male screw formed on the surface of the bolt 19 shown in FIG. ing. For this reason, the metal plate 14 is screwed into the wood 13 by screwing the bolt 19 from the hole 16 and the bolt hole 31 with the bolt hole 31 of the built-in screw 18 screwed into the wood 13 being overlapped with the hole 16 of the metal plate 14. Can be embedded and fixed in Furthermore, if the female screw inside the bolt hole 31 is processed into a shape that can be screwed with a male screw of a JIS standard bolt, the metal plate 14 is embedded and fixed to the wood 13 with a commercially available bolt without using a special bolt. It becomes possible. Although not shown in the drawing, the built-in screw 25 and the bolt 26 have the same structure.
In the embodiment of the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, built-in screws and bolts as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and (b) are used. 16 and 23 are formed in a taper shape, and instead of the built-in screws 18 and 25 and the bolts 19 and 26, a built-in screw 32 and a special nut 34 as shown in FIGS. , 21 may be embedded and fixed in the woods 13,20. As shown in FIG. 6 (d), the special nut 34 has a hole 35 in the center, and the head is provided with notches 36 equally on all sides, so that the tool is engaged with the notches 36. As a result, the special nut 34 can be screwed onto the male screw portion 33 of the built-in screw 32 protruding from the hole 16 so that the metal plates 14 and 21 can be embedded and fixed to the woods 13 and 20. In joining using the special nut 34 and the built-in screw 32, the special nut 34 has a taper portion that comes into contact with the metal plate. Therefore, the surface area is larger than that of a commercially available nut, thereby increasing the surface area of the joining surface. Thus, the pressing force applied to the special nut 34 is dispersed. For this reason, the force applied to the two woods 13 and 20 to be joined can be more evenly distributed, and a stronger rigid joining is possible.
FIG. 7 (a) is a detailed view (Embodiment 1) of a portion where the metal plate is fixed to wood in FIGS. 4 and 5, and FIG. 7 (b) is a conceptual diagram of Embodiment 2 of the metal plate fixing method. Yes, (c) is a conceptual diagram of Example 3 of the metal plate fixing method.
In FIG. 7A, the metal plate 14 is fixed to the wood 13 using bolts 19 and built-in screws 18. Therefore, since the upper end surface of the built-in screw 18 contacts the lower surface of the metal plate 14, there is no wobbling in the wood 13, and the metal plate 14 does not bite into the wood 13. Further, since the bolt 19 is screwed into a female screw formed in the built-in screw 18, the contact area is increased and the metal plate 14 can be more firmly fixed to the wood 13.
In FIG. 7B, the bolt 13 of FIG. 7A is not provided and the wood 13 and the metal plate 14 are fixed by the built-in screw 18a, but the built-in screw 18a is within the wood 13 as described above. Although there is a possibility that the metal plate 14 is wobbled or bites into the wood 13, there is an advantage that the metal plate 14 can be easily fixed to the wood 13 only by the built-in screw 18a. FIG. 6 (c) is a view of fixing the metal plate 14 to the wood 13 by using a nut 32a welded to the built-in screw 32 shown in FIG. 6 (c) and a special nut 34 shown in FIG. 6 (d). is there. In such a fixing method, the contact surface of the metal that contacts the metal plate 14 is larger than (a), and in addition to the effect of further suppressing the wobbling of the built-in screw 32 and the metal plate 14 from biting into the wood 13. Since the special nut 34 has a taper portion that comes into contact with the metal plate, the surface area of the special nut 34 is larger than that of a commercially available nut, thereby increasing the surface area of the joint surface and dispersing the pressing force applied to the special nut 34. Thus, the force applied to the two woods 13 and 20 can be more evenly distributed, and a stronger rigid joint can be achieved.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the building material coupler according to claim 1 of the present invention, the first wood is provided with a plurality of through holes on the surface so as to form substantially the same plane as the surface of the first wood. The first metal plate fixed by using the other end portion of the first bar, the first end of which is embedded in the first wood, and the first fixing tool, and the plurality of through holes are surfaced. The second end of the second bar member embedded in the second timber so as to form substantially the same plane as the surface of the second timber, and one end pushed into the second timber, and the second The first metal and the second wood are pressed into the first wood and the second wood by fastening the second metal plate fixed using the fixing tool. The first and second timbers are transmitted evenly distributed to the surrounding xylem by the second and second bar members, enabling rigid joining of the first and second timbers. By embedding the metal plate in the first wood and the second wood, the gap between the first wood and the second wood is minimized, and the metal plates are in close contact with each other It is possible to reduce the burden on the coupler and perform a rigid joint with a high joint strength. Further, the joint portion is not visible from the wood, and has an excellent effect in terms of aesthetics.
In particular, in the construction material coupler according to claim 2 of the present invention, the stress applied to the first wood on both sides of the first wood is more even than the stress applied on one side. Can be dispersed.
Further, the metal plate is embedded in the first wood and the second wood in the same manner as in the first aspect of the invention, thereby minimizing the gap between the first wood and the second wood, and combining them. It is possible to reduce the burden on the tool and perform a rigid joint with a high joint strength. Also, from the point of view of beauty, the same effect as the invention of claim 1 can be obtained.
[0039]
The invention described in claim 3 and claim 4 has the same effect as that of the invention of claim 1.
In particular, in the construction material coupler according to claim 5 of the present invention, the third groove and the fourth groove provided perpendicular to the first groove and the second groove are positioned. By fitting with the fixing tool, the fourth metal plate and the fifth metal plate can be firmly fixed, and the shift in the direction parallel to the first groove and the second groove can be prevented. A stronger bond can be realized.
In particular, in the construction material coupler according to claim 6 of the present invention, the surface area of the joint surface of the fixture is increased by providing the fixture with a tapered portion that abuts the metal plate. Such pressing force can be dispersed, the force applied to the coupler can be evenly dispersed, and stronger bonding can be achieved.
Finally, in the building material coupler according to claim 7 of the present invention, the contact area between the fixture and the bar is increased to enhance the fixation of the metal plate, thereby bonding the building material more firmly. Is possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a connecting portion between a column member and a beam member in an example of a building material coupler according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2A is an arrow view in a direction indicated by a symbol A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is an arrow view in a direction indicated by a symbol B in FIG.
3A is an external view of a built-in screw, and FIG. 3B is a side view and a plan view of a special nut.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a wood-to-wood joint portion in an example of a building material joint according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
5A is an arrow view in a direction indicated by a symbol C in FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B is an arrow view in a direction indicated by a symbol D in FIG.
6A is an external view of a built-in screw, FIG. 6B is a side view of a bolt, FIG. 6C is an external view of the built-in screw, and FIG. 6D is a side view and a plan view of a special nut. FIG.
7A is a detailed diagram (Example 1) of a portion where a metal plate is fixed to wood in FIGS. 4 and 5, and FIG. 7B is a conceptual diagram of Example 2 of a metal plate fixing method. (C) is a conceptual diagram of Example 3 of the metal plate fixing method.
FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of a building material coupler according to the prior art.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Column 2 ... Beam 3, 3a, 3b ... Metal plate 4a, 4b ... Built-in screw 4c ... Male screw part 5 ... Ring 6 ... Special nut 7a, 7b, 7c ... Hole 8 ... Nut 9 ... Bolt 10 ... Groove 11 ... Hole 12 ... Notch 13 ... Wood 14 ... Metal plate 15 ... Groove 16 ... Hole 17 ... Groove 18 ... Built-in screw 18a ... Built-in screw 19 ... Bolt 20 ... Wood 21 ... Metal plate 22 ... Groove 23 ... Hole 24 ... Groove 25 ... Built-in screw 26 ... Bolt 27 ... Bolt 28 ... Wedge 29 ... Bolt hole 30 ... Metal rod 31 ... Bolt hole 32 ... Built-in screw 32a ... Nut 33 ... Male screw part 34 ... Special nut 35 ... Hole 36 ... Notch 37 ... Notch 37 ... Column 38 ... Beam 39 ... Steel bar 40 ... Male screw 41 ... Female screw 42 ... Male screw 43 ... Female screw 44 ... End 45 ... Steel bar 46 ... Male screw 47 ... Female screw 48 ... Male G 49 ... Female screw 50 ... Surface 51 ... Surface 52 ... Bolt hole 53 ... Contact plate 54 ... Nut 55 ... Nut 56 ... Bolt 57a, 57b ... Mounting iron plate 58 ... Reinforcement plate 59 ... Bolt 60 ... Nut 61 ... Joint plate 62 ... Fitting 63 ... Fitting fitting

Claims

A building material coupler used to join a first wood and a second wood, wherein the first wood is provided with a plurality of through holes on the surface so as to form substantially the same plane as the surface of the first wood. A first metal plate embedded in the wood and a through hole of the first metal plate, and one end is fixed to the first metal plate by a first fixture and the other end is A first bar that is pressed into the first wood and fixes the first metal plate to the first wood; and a plurality of through holes on the surface, and is substantially flush with the surface of the second wood. A second metal plate embedded in the second wood so as to form a second metal plate, and one end of the second metal plate is inserted into a through-hole of the second metal plate and the second metal plate And the other end is pushed into the second wood to fix the second metal plate to the second wood, the first metal plate and the front Fitting of building materials, characterized in that it comprises a fastener for fastening the second metal plate.

A building material coupler used to join a first wood and a second wood, wherein the first wood is provided with a plurality of through holes on the surface so as to form substantially the same plane as the surface of the first wood. The first metal plate embedded in the timber and a back surface facing the surface of the first timber with a plurality of through holes on the surface so as to form substantially the same plane as the back surface of the first timber. A third metal plate embedded in the first wood, and the first metal plate and the through hole of the third metal plate, and one end is the first fixture and the first metal plate The other end portion fixed to the metal plate has a third bar that penetrates the first wood and is fixed to the third metal plate with a third fixture, and a plurality of through holes on the surface. A second metal plate embedded in the second wood so as to form substantially the same plane as the surface of the second wood, and a penetration of the second metal plate. One end is inserted into the hole and fixed to the second metal plate by a second fixing tool, and the other end is pushed into the second wood, and the second metal plate is inserted into the second wood. A building material coupler, comprising: a second bar member fixed to the first metal plate; and a fastener for fastening the first metal plate and the second metal plate.

A building material coupler used for joining the first wood and the second wood, and a plurality of the materials are embedded in the first wood so as to form a substantially flush surface with the surface of the first wood. A fourth metal plate provided with at least one first groove, and a first end inserted into the first metal through the through hole of the fourth metal plate and the fourth metal plate. A fourth bar for fixing the metal plate to the first wood, a plurality of through-holes embedded in the second wood so as to form substantially the same plane as the surface of the second wood A fifth metal plate provided on the surface with at least one second groove coinciding with the first groove provided on the fourth metal plate, and one end inserted through the through hole of the fifth metal plate; The portion is provided on the fourth metal plate and a fifth bar member that is pressed into the second wood and fixes the fifth metal plate to the second wood. A fitting that fits into the first groove and the second groove provided in the fifth metal plate and couples the fourth metal plate and the fifth metal plate. This is a building material coupler.

A building material coupler used for joining the first wood and the second wood, and a plurality of the materials are embedded in the first wood so as to form substantially the same plane as the surface of the first wood. A fourth metal plate provided with at least one first groove, and a fourth fixing member having one end inserted through the through hole of the fourth metal plate. And the other end is pressed into the first wood to fix the fourth metal plate to the first wood, and substantially flush with the surface of the second wood. A fifth groove provided on the surface with at least one second groove that is embedded in the second wood and coincides with the first groove provided in the fourth metal plate. The metal plate and the fifth metal plate are inserted through the through hole of the fifth metal plate, and one end is fixed to the fifth metal plate by a fifth fixture, and the other end is A fifth bar that is pressed into a second wood to fix the fifth metal plate to the second wood, the first groove and the fifth metal provided in the fourth metal plate A construction material coupling tool, comprising: a coupling tool that fits into the second groove provided on the plate and couples the fourth metal plate and the fifth metal plate.

A third groove provided on the fourth metal plate surface in a direction perpendicular to the first groove, and a fourth groove coinciding with the third groove provided on the fifth metal plate surface; 5. The building material coupler according to claim 3, further comprising a position fixing member that fits into the third groove and the fourth groove. 6.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the fixtures has a tapered portion that contacts the metal plate. Building material coupler.

The at least one of the bar members has a female screw part inside the bar member, and the fixture has a male screw part screwed into the female screw part. The building material coupler according to any one of claims 4 to 6.