JP2004147966A - Elevatable small-animal fixing implement - Google Patents

Elevatable small-animal fixing implement Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004147966A
JP2004147966A JP2002318248A JP2002318248A JP2004147966A JP 2004147966 A JP2004147966 A JP 2004147966A JP 2002318248 A JP2002318248 A JP 2002318248A JP 2002318248 A JP2002318248 A JP 2002318248A JP 2004147966 A JP2004147966 A JP 2004147966A
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Japan
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small animal
main body
limb
rat
elevated
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JP2002318248A
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JP3813569B2 (en
Inventor
Yasuo Watanabe
泰雄 渡辺
Toshiaki O
暁明 王
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SHINATSUPUSU KK
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SHINATSUPUSU KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-animal fixing implement which enables a pain reaction of an unanesthetized small animal to be easily and objectively measured and analyzed. <P>SOLUTION: This elevatable small-animal fixing implement 10 is equipped with an implement body 12 for firmly fixing regions except limb regions, in the free state of the limb regions of the small animal serving as objects of measurement and analysis, and a support base 14 for supporting the instrument body 12 at a height at which the limb regions of the small animal, fixed to the instrument body 12 is prevented from coming into contact with ground. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は高架型小動物固定器、特に無麻酔の小動物を固定し、疼痛発現時あるいは疼痛の程度を測定する際に、その小動物を載置する本体構造の改良に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、医薬品研究、疼痛研究、鍼灸研究、生理学研究等の痛みに関与する各種の研究分野では、ラット、マウス等の小動物実験が行われている。
例えば、疼痛治療に対しては、例えば鍼、電気、神経節ブロック、薬物療法等が、有効な手段の1つになっており、疼痛の診断と治療研究のために、小動物に対し、後肢の疼痛反応の測定解析、後肢への刺激物投入、後肢への測定器の設置、後肢の浮腫等の観察、脳や脊髄内へ薬物投与、生体内微量物質変動のリアルタイム測定等が要望されている。
【0003】
ところで、疼痛の程度を正確に、且つ、詳細に検索するためには無麻酔動物の使用が必要とされる。特に、扱い易く生理解剖学的に良く研究のなされている小動物は疼痛反応の研究に適している。
【0004】
従来は、前記研究のため、小動物用の透明なプラスチックケージ内での行動観察や観察者が小動物を保持して直接疼痛程度を測定する器機で解析を行っていた。
しかしながら、前記従来の方法では、結果の判定には観察者の主観が入る欠点があった。
これに対し、従来は無麻酔の小動物を機械的に不安定に固定し疼痛観察を行うことも考えられるが、客観的に観察をすることが可能としても、不安定なストレス状態が影響し正確な成績が得られないので、この点に関しては改善の余地が残されていた。
【0005】
また疼痛反応の測定の一つとして、小動物の後肢の側背部にフォルマリンのような刺激物を注入することによって生じる同側の足のフリンチング反応(足振り反応)測定が一般的に用いられている。
この反応は、従来では無麻酔状態の小動物を小動物用のプラスチックケージに入れて自由に歩行させながら観察を行っていた(例えば、非特許文献1,2参照)。
【0006】
【非特許文献1】
高橋俊明、外4名、フォルマリン誘発疼痛反応における脳ならびに腰髄内GABA受容体サブタイプの機能的役割、日本ペインクリニック学会誌、2001年、Vol.8 No.2、p.64−73
【非特許文献2】
YUTAKA SOGABE、外4名、Pharmacological Analysis of Formalin−incluced Pain Response Based on Spinal Arachidonic Acid Cascade、Pharmacology Reviews and Communications、2002年、2:p.139−150
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、無麻酔状態の小動物を小動物用のプラスチックケージに入れて自由に歩行させながら観察を行う方法では、歩行中のフリンチング反応は明確に区別することが困難な場合も多く、成績にバラツキが認められた。
このため無麻酔の小動物の疼痛反応の一つであるフリンチング反応の測定解析の分野では、これを容易に及び客観的に行うことのできる技術の開発が急務であった。
【0008】
本発明は前記従来技術の課題に鑑みなされたものであり、その目的は無麻酔の小動物の疼痛反応の一つであるフリンチング反応の測定解析を容易に及び客観的に行うことのできる小動物固定器を提供することにある。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らにより、無麻酔の小動物における疼痛の程度を一般的なフリンチング反応によって容易に及び客観的に解析するためには後肢を地面につけさせない方法がもっとも良いことが判った。
【0010】
すなわち前記目的を達成するために本発明にかかる高架型小動物固定器は、無麻酔小動物を半身固定する高架型の小動物固定器であって、本体と、支台と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
ここで、前記本体は、小動物の測定解析対象となる肢部が自由な状態で、該肢部以外の部位はしっかり固定する。
また前記支台は、前記本体に固定された小動物の肢部が接地しない高さで、該本体を支持する。
【0011】
ここにいう測定解析とは、肢部の観察を行うこと、肢部への処理、例えば測定器の設置や薬物投入、採血等を含めていう。
【0012】
また本発明において、前記本体は、中空部と、切欠部と、を備え、小動物の測定解析対象となる肢部は前記切欠部より本体の外部に出て自由になるが、該肢部以外の部位は前記中空部の内周壁にぴったりと収納され、その胴径方向より保持されることが好適である。
ここで、前記中空部は、小動物を通常に近い体型で収容し、その胴径方向より保持する。
また前記切欠部は、小動物の測定解析対象となる肢部に応じた部位に設けられ、前記中空部内の小動物の測定解析対象となる肢部を、前記本体の外部に出す。
【0013】
また本発明において、前記本体は複数の設置部を備え、また仕切り部材を備え、前記小動物の体長に応じて、前記設置部に固定する前記仕切り部材の位置を、前記複数の設置部の中より選択することが好適である。
ここで、前記設置部は、小動物の体長方向に、所定の離隔距離をおいて設けられる。
また前記仕切り部材は、前記設置部のうちの、小動物の体長に応じた位置に設けられ、小動物をその体長方向より保持する。
【0014】
また本発明において、前記本体は、孔部を備えることが好適である。
ここで、前記孔部は、小動物の脳ないし脊髄に応じた部位に設けられ、該本体に固定された小動物の脳ないし脊髄に対し、該本体の外部よりアクセスするためのものとする。
ここにいう小動物の脳ないし脊髄に対し、該本体の外部よりアクセスするとは、例えば鍼、電極処理等の処理を行うことが一例として挙げられる。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に基づき本発明の好適な実施形態について説明する。
図1には本発明の一実施形態にかかる高架型小動物固定器の外観斜視図(仕切り部材は本体より取外した状態)が示されており、図2にはその本体を上方より見た図が示されている。
【0016】
本実施形態にかかる高架型小動物固定器10は、ラット(小動物)の後肢(測定解析対象となる肢部)は自由な状態で、後肢以外の上半身はしっかり固定する本体12と、本体12に固定されたラットの後肢が接地しないで自由に動かせる高さで本体12を支持し、本体12を高架式とする支台14を備える。小動物固定器10は、ラットの上半身の固定を無麻酔で行う高架式のもので、頭側以外を透明なプラスチック製としている。
【0017】
すなわち、本体12は、ラットの頭部側が中空の円錐台で形成され、それ以外の部位が円筒体で形成され、また中空部16と、角孔(切欠部)18を備える。本体12のラットの頭部寄りは、ラットの視界を遮るように黒くしており、固定時のラットのストレスを大幅に低減している。
中空部16は、ラットの上半身が、中空部16の内周壁にぴったり密着される程度の径を有し、ラットをうつ伏せの状態(通常に近い体型)で収容し、その胴径方向より保持する。
またこの中空部16は、ラットの出し入れはできないが、呼吸が行える程度の内径を有する頭側開口部20と、ラットを出し入れ可能であるが、ラットの上半身が中空部16の内周壁にぴったりと密着(収納)される程度の内径を有する尻側開口部22を備える。
【0018】
角孔18は、ラットの後肢に応じた部位に設けられ、中空部16内のラットの後肢を、本体12の外部に出すものとする。
また本体12は複数の位置調節用長孔(設置部)24a〜24cを備え、また仕切り板(仕切り部材)26を備える。
位置調節用長孔24a〜24cは、本体12の側壁上方に、長手方向に所定の離隔距離をおいて設けられる。
【0019】
仕切り部材26は、位置調節用長孔24a〜24cのうちの、ラットの体長に応じた位置に設けられ、ラットの尻を押すことで、本体12の頭側との間で、ラットをその頭から尻方向(体長方向)より保持する。
また本体12は、処理用長孔(孔部)28を備える。
処理用長孔28は、ラットの脳から脊髄に応じた部位に設けられる。そして、例えば鍼、電極処理等の処理が処理用長孔28を介して、ラットの脳や脊髄の所望の部位に対して行われる。
【0020】
本実施形態にかかる高架型小動物固定器10は概略以上のように構成され、図3〜4を参照しつつ、その使用状態について説明する。なお、図3は図1に示した小動物固定器10によるラット固定状態を側方の斜め方向より見た図、図4は本体12によるラット固定状態を上方の斜め方向より見た図である。
疼痛部位では筋肉の萎縮が起こり易く、無麻酔の小動物の後肢の生理的・運動機能的反応の観察は非常に重要であり、小動物では特に後肢がその観察がし易い。
【0021】
本実施形態においては、無麻酔のラットの固定を行うので、麻酔を行うものに比較し固定作業を迅速に行う必要がある。この際には、ラット30の後肢38は自由に動けるようにした状態で、その上半身34はしっかり固定することが重要である。
【0022】
そこで、本実施形態においては、小動物固定器10に対し、ラット30を頭から、角孔18或いは尻側開口部22より、うつ伏せの状態(通常の体型)で本体12内に入れる。ラット30の鼻ないし口32が、本体12の頭側開口部20のすぐ近くとなるまで押し込むだけで、ラット30の上半身34は、前肢36が自然にちぢこまれた状態で、中空部16の内周壁にぴったりと密着(収納)されるので、その胴径方向よりしっかり保持される。
【0023】
一方、ラット30の後肢38は角孔18より本体12の外部に出ており、自由に動くようにしている。また尾40は尻側開口部22より本体12の外部に出ている。
そして、仕切り板26を、ラット30の体長に応じた最適な位置の位置調整用長孔、例えば位置調整用長孔24aに設置すると、ラット30の尻42はその頭方向に押され、体長方向より挟持されるので、その体長方向よりもしっかり保持される。
【0024】
このようにラット30を本体12内に挿入するのみで、ラット30はその後肢38が自由な状態でその上半身34がしっかり固定される。
ここで、ラットの固定は、無麻酔で行われ、またその後肢が自由な状態なので、ラットの肢部が動き、接地すると、小動物固定器10がぐらつき、その安定性が悪くなるので、測定解析が適正に行えないことがある。
このため、本実施形態では、小動物固定器10を高架式としている。すなわち、本体12は支台14により、本体12に固定されたラット30が後肢38を接地しないで自由に動かせる高さで支持されている。
【0025】
したがって、本実施形態では、ラット30の上半身34の固定を無麻酔で行い、その後肢38が自由な状態でも、その肢部38は接地しない。このため小動物固定器10の安定性を良好に維持することができるので、後述する測定解析が容易に及び客観的に行える。
【0026】
例えば小動物固定器10に固定されたラット30の後肢38の萎縮等の生理的・運動機能的反応の観察が容易に行える。しかも、この際には、ラット30の上半身34は前述のようにしっかり固定されているので、ラット30の後肢38への刺激物投入、測定器の取付け、浮腫等の観察、後肢38より注射器44による採血等も容易に行える。
【0027】
<鍼等の処理>
疼痛の治療法としては、普通鍼、電気鍼(例えば鍼を電極として低周波の通電を行う低周波鍼通電療法)等の処理が有効な治療法の一つであり、鍼麻酔時に起る疼痛症状の緩和状態等の測定解析を行い、その結果を治療に応用することも重要である。
【0028】
この際には、ラット30の脳ないし脊髄に鍼、電極処理等の処理を行って、その後肢38の生理的・運動機能的反応を観察することが多いが、一般的な全身固定等では、処理を行うたびにラットを固定器より取外している。しかしながら、この場合は、作業が面倒であり、また処理直後より、生体内微量物質のリアルタイム測定が開始できない。
【0029】
一方、本実施形態の場合は、本体12の、ラット30の脳から脊髄の真上に位置する部位に、処理用長孔28を設けている。
そして鍼、電極処理等の処理の際には、処理用長孔28より、ラット30の脳から脊髄の所望の部位に鍼、電極46を容易に刺すことができる。しかも、この際には、ラット30の上半身34は前述のようにしっかり固定されているので、前記処理がラット30の脳から脊髄の所望の部位に確実に行える。
【0030】
このため小動物固定器10にラット30を固定したまま、その脳ないし脊髄への鍼、電極処理等の処理が容易に行える。したがって本実施形態においては、ラット30の脳ないし脊髄に薬物を投与したり、処理の直後より、その生体内微量物質のリアルタイム測定が容易に行える。
【0031】
<仕切り板の位置>
ところで、本実施形態においては、無麻酔のラットの半身固定を行うので、麻酔のラットの全身固定を行う場合に比較し、小動物の測定解析対象となる後肢以外の部位、特に上半身等は、測定解析結果に影響が生じないように、しっかり固定する必要がある。このため前述のように本体12の中空部16の内壁部によるラット30の胴径方向よりの保持に加えて、仕切り板26によりラットの尻42を押している。この結果、本体12の頭部側と仕切り板26との間で、ラット30の頭から尻42をしっかり保持している。
【0032】
一方、小動物固定器10に固定する小動物の全長は種類によっては勿論、同じ種類、例えばラット30であっても個体差があり、本実施形態の固定を、よりしっかり行うためには、小動物の体長によって、その仕切り板26の位置を変える必要がある。
ここで、仕切り板26の位置が固定されていたのでは、小動物固定器には、特定の体長の小動物しか、しっかり固定できない。一方、小動物の体長に応じて、本体に対する仕切り板の位置が異なる小動物固定器を幾つも用意していたのでは、コストがかかる。
【0033】
そこで、本実施形態においては、本体12の側壁の上方の長手方向に、所定の離隔距離をおいて複数の位置調節用長孔24a,24b,24cを設けている。そして、これらの位置調節用長孔24a,24b,24cのいずれかに、仕切り板26を着脱自在に設けている。
仕切り板26は、図5(A)に示すように略T字状に形成され、またその下端から上方の途中まで切欠部50が形成されている。
実験者は仕切り板26を本体12に設ける際には、ラット30の体長に応じた最適な位置調節用長孔を選択し、例えば同図(B)に示すような位置調節用長孔24aに、仕切り板26を設けている。
【0034】
すなわち、仕切り板26に形成された切欠部50を介して小動物30の尾40を本体12の尻側開口部22より外部に出した状態で、該切欠部50の頂点52が小動物30の尾40を上方からしっかり押さえており、仕切り板26の側壁部54が小動物30の尻42を押している。
このように本体12は、小動物を固定するための仕切り板26を備えており、小動物の体長に応じて、仕切り板26を固定する位置を、例えば切欠部50の4〜6段階の中から選択して小動物を仕切ることができる。つまり複数の位置調節用長孔24a〜24cの中より、ラット30の体長に応じて、仕切り板26を設けるのに最適な位置調節用長孔の位置を選択することにより、一の小動物固定器10を用いて、ラット30の体長にかかわらず、無麻酔のラット30の半身固定をしっかり行うことができる。
また仕切り板26は紛失防止のため、例えば鎖等によって、本体12や支台14等につながっていることが好ましい。
【0035】
以上のように本実施形態にかかる高架型小動物固定器10によれば、従来方式、つまり小動物の全身固定を麻酔で行うものでは極めて困難であった、無麻酔の小動物の半身固定を容易に行うことができる。したがって、無麻酔の小動物の肢部の測定解析が容易に及び客観的に行える。例えば無麻酔で小動物の後肢の反応観察が容易に行え、さらに小動物の後肢、脳ないし脊髄への外部よりの処理が容易に行える。
【0036】
なお、本実施形態においては、ラット以外の小動物、例えばマウス等にも適用することができる。
また本体の中空部の内径等の大きさ、その形状等は、固定対象となる小動物に最適なものとすることができる。
【0037】
また本発明の小動物固定器の材質は任意のものを使用可能である。
さらに本発明の小動物固定器は疼痛観察の際だけでなく、その他、例えば生理学研究、薬物代謝的研究における薬物投与のうち、非経口投与等の際にも使用可能である。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明にかかる高架型小動物固定器によれば、小動物の肢部が自由な状態で、それ以外の半身をしっかり固定する本体と、その肢部が接地しない高さで本体を支持する支台を備えることとしたので、無麻酔の小動物の測定解析を容易に及び客観的に行うことができる。
また本発明においては、小動物の肢部は本体の切欠部より外部に出て自由になるが、それ以外の半身は胴径方向より本体の中空部の内周壁により保持されることにより、無麻酔の小動物の測定解析を、より容易に及び客観的に行うことができる。
また本発明においては、本体の長手方向に複数の設置部を設け、小動物の体長に応じた位置に、小動物をその体長方向より保持する仕切り部材を設けることにより、無麻酔の小動物の測定解析を、より容易に及び客観的に行うことができる。
さらに本発明においては、本体は小動物の脳ないし脊髄に応じた位置に孔部を設けることにより、無麻酔の小動物の測定解析を、より容易に及び客観的に行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態にかかる高架型小動物固定器の外観斜視図である。
【図2】図1に示した小動物固定器の本体を上方より見た図である。
【図3】図1に示した小動物固定器による小動物固定状態の説明図である。
【図4】図1に示した小動物固定器による小動物固定状態の説明図である。
【図5】図1に示した小動物固定器の仕切り部材の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
10 高架型小動物固定器
12 本体
14 支台
16 中空部
18 角孔(切欠部)
24a,24b,24c 位置調節用長孔(設置部)
26 仕切り板(仕切り部材)
28 処理用長孔(孔部)
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an elevated small animal fixation device, and more particularly to an improvement in the structure of a main body on which an unanesthetized small animal is fixed and the small animal is placed when pain is developed or the degree of pain is measured.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in various research fields related to pain, such as drug research, pain research, acupuncture and moxibustion research, and physiological research, small animal experiments on rats, mice, and the like have been performed.
For example, acupuncture, electricity, ganglion block, pharmacotherapy, etc. have become one of the effective means for pain treatment. Measurement and analysis of pain response, injection of stimulus to hind limb, installation of measuring instrument on hind limb, observation of edema of hind limb, administration of drug into brain and spinal cord, real-time measurement of trace substance fluctuation in living body, etc. are demanded. .
[0003]
By the way, in order to search for the degree of pain accurately and in detail, it is necessary to use an anesthetized animal. In particular, small animals that are easy to handle and well studied in physiology and anatomy are suitable for studying pain response.
[0004]
Conventionally, for the above-mentioned research, behavior observation in a transparent plastic cage for small animals and analysis using an instrument for measuring the degree of pain directly by an observer holding the small animal have been performed.
However, the conventional method has a disadvantage in that the judgment of the result involves subjectivity of the observer.
On the other hand, conventionally, it is conceivable to mechanically unstablely stabilize an unanesthetized small animal to perform pain observation.However, even if it is possible to observe objectively, unstable stress conditions affect accurate observation. There was still room for improvement in this regard, as the results were not as good.
[0005]
In addition, as one of the pain response measurements, a flinching response (foot swing response) of the ipsilateral foot caused by injecting a stimulant such as formalin into the back of the hind limb of a small animal is generally used. I have.
Conventionally, this reaction was observed while a small animal in a non-anesthetized state was placed in a plastic cage for small animals and allowed to walk freely (for example, see Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[0006]
[Non-patent document 1]
Takahashi Toshiaki, et al., Et al., Functional role of GABA receptor subtype in brain and lumbar spinal cord in formalin-induced pain response, Journal of Japan Society of Pain Clinicians, 2001, Vol. 8 No. 2, p. 64-73
[Non-patent document 2]
Pharmaceutical Analysis of Formalin-Included Pain Response Based on Spinal Arachidonic Acids Cascade, Pharmaconomy Co., Ltd., Pharmacognostics, YUTAKA SOGABE, and 4 others. 139-150
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the method of observing an anesthetized small animal while walking freely in a plastic cage for small animals, it is often difficult to clearly distinguish the flinching reaction during walking, and the results vary. Was done.
For this reason, in the field of measurement and analysis of the flinching reaction, which is one of the pain responses of unanesthetized small animals, there has been an urgent need to develop a technology that can easily and objectively perform this.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and a purpose thereof is to provide a small animal fixation device capable of easily and objectively performing measurement analysis of a flinching reaction, which is one of pain responses of a non-anesthetized small animal. Is to provide.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have found that in order to easily and objectively analyze the degree of pain in a small unanesthetized animal by a general flinching reaction, a method in which the hind limb is not attached to the ground is best.
[0010]
That is, in order to achieve the object, the elevated small animal fixation device according to the present invention is an elevated small animal fixation device for fixing a non-anesthetized small animal to a half body, comprising a main body and an abutment, I do.
Here, in the main body, the limb to be measured and analyzed for the small animal is in a free state, and a portion other than the limb is firmly fixed.
The abutment supports the main body at a height at which the limb of the small animal fixed to the main body does not touch the ground.
[0011]
The measurement analysis referred to here includes observing the limb, processing the limb, for example, installing a measuring instrument, introducing a drug, and collecting blood.
[0012]
Further, in the present invention, the main body includes a hollow portion and a notch, and the limb to be measured and analyzed for the small animal is free to come out of the main body from the notch and is free. It is preferable that the part is exactly accommodated in the inner peripheral wall of the hollow part and is held from the body radial direction.
Here, the hollow portion accommodates a small animal in a body shape close to normal and holds the small animal from its trunk diameter direction.
The notch is provided at a site corresponding to the limb to be measured and analyzed for the small animal, and the limb to be measured and analyzed for the small animal in the hollow portion is taken out of the main body.
[0013]
Further, in the present invention, the main body includes a plurality of installation portions, and further includes a partition member, and according to the body length of the small animal, positions of the partition member to be fixed to the installation portion, from among the plurality of installation portions. It is preferred to choose.
Here, the installation portion is provided at a predetermined separation distance in the body length direction of the small animal.
The partition member is provided at a position corresponding to the body length of the small animal in the installation section, and holds the small animal from the body length direction.
[0014]
Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the main body includes a hole.
Here, the hole is provided at a site corresponding to the brain or spinal cord of the small animal, and is for accessing the brain or spinal cord of the small animal fixed to the main body from outside the main body.
Accessing the brain or spinal cord of a small animal from outside the main body includes, for example, performing a treatment such as acupuncture or electrode treatment.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an elevated small animal fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention (with a partition member removed from a main body), and FIG. 2 is a diagram of the main body viewed from above. It is shown.
[0016]
The elevated small animal fixation device 10 according to this embodiment has a main body 12 in which the hind limbs (limbs to be measured and analyzed) of the rat (small animal) are free, and the upper body other than the hind limbs is firmly fixed, and the main body 12 is fixed to the main body 12. An abutment 14 is provided that supports the main body 12 at a height that allows the hind limb of the rat to move freely without touching the ground, and makes the main body 12 elevated. The small animal fixation device 10 is of an elevated type that fixes the upper body of the rat without anesthesia, and is made of transparent plastic except for the head side.
[0017]
That is, the main body 12 is formed of a hollow truncated cone on the head side of the rat, a cylindrical body at the other part, and includes a hollow portion 16 and a square hole (notch portion) 18. The rattle of the main body 12 near the head of the rat is blackened so as to obstruct the rat's view, so that the rat's stress during fixing is greatly reduced.
The hollow portion 16 has a diameter such that the upper body of the rat is tightly fitted to the inner peripheral wall of the hollow portion 16, and accommodates the rat in a prone state (a body shape close to normal) and holds the rat from its trunk radial direction. .
In addition, the hollow part 16 cannot be moved in and out of the rat, but has a head-side opening 20 having an inner diameter enough to allow breathing, and the rat can be moved in and out, but the upper body of the rat fits perfectly on the inner peripheral wall of the hollow part 16. A tail-side opening 22 having an inner diameter enough to be closely contacted (stored) is provided.
[0018]
The square hole 18 is provided at a site corresponding to the hind limb of the rat, and the hind limb of the rat in the hollow portion 16 is to be projected outside the main body 12.
Further, the main body 12 includes a plurality of position adjusting slots (installation portions) 24 a to 24 c and a partition plate (partition member) 26.
The position adjusting slots 24a to 24c are provided above the side wall of the main body 12 at a predetermined separation distance in the longitudinal direction.
[0019]
The partition member 26 is provided at a position corresponding to the body length of the rat among the position adjustment slots 24a to 24c. By pressing the buttocks of the rat, the rat is moved between the head side of the main body 12 and the rat. From the buttocks direction (body length direction).
Further, the main body 12 includes a processing long hole (hole) 28.
The treatment slot 28 is provided at a site corresponding to the spinal cord from the rat brain. Then, processes such as acupuncture and electrode treatment are performed on desired portions of the brain or spinal cord of the rat via the treatment slots 28.
[0020]
The elevated small animal fixation device 10 according to the present embodiment is configured as outlined above, and its use state will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a view of the rat fixed state by the small animal fixing device 10 shown in FIG. 1 viewed from an oblique side, and FIG. 4 is a view of the rat fixed state by the main body 12 viewed from an upper oblique direction.
Muscle atrophy is likely to occur at the pain site, and it is very important to observe the physiological and motor function response of the hind limb of a small animal without anaesthesia. In a small animal, the hind limb is particularly easy to observe.
[0021]
In the present embodiment, since a non-anesthetized rat is fixed, it is necessary to perform the fixing operation more quickly than in anesthetized rats. At this time, it is important that the upper body 34 of the rat 30 is firmly fixed while the hind limbs 38 of the rat 30 are freely movable.
[0022]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the rat 30 is put into the main body 12 from the head of the small animal fixation device 10 through the square hole 18 or the buttocks side opening 22 in a prone state (normal body shape). By simply pushing the nose or mouth 32 of the rat 30 close to the head opening 20 of the body 12, the upper body 34 of the rat 30 is placed in the hollow part 16 with the forelimbs 36 naturally retracted. Because it is tightly attached (stored) to the inner peripheral wall of the body, it is more firmly held than the body diameter direction.
[0023]
On the other hand, the hind limbs 38 of the rat 30 extend out of the main body 12 through the square hole 18 so as to freely move. The tail 40 extends out of the main body 12 through the tail side opening 22.
When the partition plate 26 is installed in a position adjusting slot at an optimal position according to the body length of the rat 30, for example, the position adjusting slot 24a, the buttocks 42 of the rat 30 are pushed in the head direction, and the body direction is changed. Because it is pinched more, it is held more firmly than the body length direction.
[0024]
By simply inserting the rat 30 into the main body 12 in this manner, the rat 30 has its upper body 34 firmly fixed with its hind legs 38 free.
Here, the fixation of the rat is performed without anesthesia, and the hind limb is in a free state. Therefore, when the limb of the rat moves and touches the ground, the small animal fixation device 10 becomes unstable and its stability deteriorates. May not be performed properly.
For this reason, in this embodiment, the small animal fixing device 10 is of an elevated type. That is, the main body 12 is supported by the abutment 14 at a height at which the rat 30 fixed to the main body 12 can be freely moved without touching the hind limbs 38.
[0025]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the upper body 34 of the rat 30 is fixed without anesthesia, and even when the limbs 38 are free, the limbs 38 do not touch the ground. For this reason, the stability of the small animal fixation device 10 can be maintained satisfactorily, and measurement analysis described later can be performed easily and objectively.
[0026]
For example, it is possible to easily observe a physiological / motor function response such as atrophy of the hind leg 38 of the rat 30 fixed to the small animal fixing device 10. In addition, at this time, since the upper body 34 of the rat 30 is firmly fixed as described above, the stimulus is injected into the hind leg 38 of the rat 30, a measuring device is attached, edema and the like are observed, and the syringe 44 is inserted from the hind leg 38. Blood collection can be easily performed.
[0027]
<Acupuncture processing>
Treatment of pain, such as ordinary acupuncture or electric acupuncture (for example, low-frequency acupuncture, which uses acupuncture as an electrode to conduct low-frequency electricity), is one of the effective treatments. It is also important to perform measurement and analysis of the alleviation of symptoms and apply the results to treatment.
[0028]
At this time, the brain or spinal cord of the rat 30 is subjected to treatment such as acupuncture and electrode treatment, and the physiological and motor function response of the hind limb 38 is often observed. Rats are removed from the fixator after each treatment. However, in this case, the operation is troublesome, and the real-time measurement of the trace substance in the living body cannot be started immediately after the processing.
[0029]
On the other hand, in the case of the present embodiment, the processing long hole 28 is provided in a portion of the main body 12 located directly above the spinal cord from the brain of the rat 30.
At the time of treatment such as acupuncture and electrode treatment, the acupuncture and electrode 46 can be easily stabbed from the brain of the rat 30 to a desired site in the spinal cord through the treatment slot 28. In addition, at this time, since the upper body 34 of the rat 30 is firmly fixed as described above, the above-mentioned processing can be reliably performed from the brain of the rat 30 to a desired portion of the spinal cord.
[0030]
Therefore, while the rat 30 is fixed to the small animal fixation device 10, the brain or spinal cord can be easily subjected to acupuncture, electrode treatment and the like. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a drug can be administered to the brain or spinal cord of the rat 30 or the real-time measurement of the trace substance in the living body can be easily performed immediately after the treatment.
[0031]
<Position of partition plate>
By the way, in the present embodiment, since the half-body fixation of an anesthetized rat is performed, compared to the case where the whole body fixation of an anesthetized rat is performed, sites other than the hind limbs to be measured and analyzed for small animals, particularly the upper body, etc. are measured. It is necessary to fix firmly so as not to affect the analysis result. For this reason, as described above, in addition to holding the rat 30 in the radial direction of the rat by the inner wall portion of the hollow portion 16 of the main body 12, the buttocks 42 of the rat are pushed by the partition plate 26. As a result, between the head side of the main body 12 and the partition plate 26, the buttocks 42 are firmly held from the head of the rat 30.
[0032]
On the other hand, the total length of the small animals to be fixed to the small animal fixing device 10 is not limited to the kind, and there is an individual difference even for the same kind, for example, the rat 30. In order to fix the present embodiment more firmly, the length of the small animals is required. Therefore, the position of the partition plate 26 needs to be changed.
Here, if the position of the partition plate 26 is fixed, only the small animal of a specific length can be firmly fixed to the small animal fixing device. On the other hand, if a number of small animal fixing devices having different positions of the partition plate with respect to the main body are prepared according to the length of the small animal, the cost increases.
[0033]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, a plurality of position adjusting long holes 24a, 24b, 24c are provided at a predetermined separation distance in the longitudinal direction above the side wall of the main body 12. Further, a partition plate 26 is detachably provided in any of the position adjusting long holes 24a, 24b, 24c.
The partition plate 26 is formed in a substantially T-shape as shown in FIG. 5 (A), and has a cutout portion 50 formed from the lower end to the upper halfway.
When providing the partition plate 26 on the main body 12, the experimenter selects an optimal position adjusting slot corresponding to the body length of the rat 30, and for example, inserts it into the position adjusting slot 24a as shown in FIG. , A partition plate 26 is provided.
[0034]
That is, in a state where the tail 40 of the small animal 30 is protruded outside through the buttocks side opening 22 of the main body 12 through the notch 50 formed in the partition plate 26, the apex 52 of the notch 50 Is firmly pressed from above, and the side wall 54 of the partition plate 26 presses the buttocks 42 of the small animal 30.
As described above, the main body 12 includes the partition plate 26 for fixing the small animal, and selects a position for fixing the partition plate 26 from, for example, 4 to 6 stages of the notch 50 according to the body length of the small animal. To separate small animals. That is, by selecting an optimal position of the position adjustment slot for providing the partition plate 26 according to the body length of the rat 30 from among the plurality of position adjustment slots 24a to 24c, one small animal fixing device can be obtained. With the use of 10, the anaesthetized rat 30 can be firmly fixed on the half body regardless of the length of the rat 30.
In order to prevent the partition plate 26 from being lost, it is preferable that the partition plate 26 is connected to the main body 12, the support 14, and the like by, for example, a chain.
[0035]
As described above, according to the elevated small animal fixation device 10 according to the present embodiment, it is extremely difficult to fix the whole body of a small animal by anesthesia using the conventional method, that is, it is very difficult to fix the half body of an unanesthetized small animal easily. be able to. Therefore, it is possible to easily and objectively measure and analyze the limb of a non-anesthetized small animal. For example, the reaction observation of the hind limb of the small animal can be easily performed without anesthesia, and the processing of the hind limb, brain or spinal cord of the small animal from the outside can be easily performed.
[0036]
In this embodiment, the present invention can be applied to small animals other than rats, such as mice.
Further, the size such as the inner diameter of the hollow portion of the main body, its shape, and the like can be optimized for the small animal to be fixed.
[0037]
Further, any material can be used for the small animal fixing device of the present invention.
Further, the small animal fixation device of the present invention can be used not only for pain observation but also for parenteral administration among other drug administration in physiological studies and drug metabolism studies.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the elevated small animal fixing device of the present invention, the limb of the small animal is in a free state, the main body firmly fixing the other half body, and the main body at a height where the limb does not touch the ground. Since the supporting abutment is provided, it is possible to easily and objectively perform measurement analysis of a small animal that is not anaesthetized.
Further, in the present invention, the limb of the small animal comes out of the cutout portion of the main body and becomes free, but the other half body is held by the inner peripheral wall of the hollow portion of the main body from the radial direction of the body, so that the anaesthetized animal becomes Measurement and analysis of small animals can be performed more easily and objectively.
Further, in the present invention, by providing a plurality of installation portions in the longitudinal direction of the main body, at a position corresponding to the body length of the small animal, by providing a partition member for holding the small animal from the body length direction, measurement analysis of unanesthetized small animals. Can be done more easily and objectively.
Further, in the present invention, by providing a hole at a position corresponding to the brain or spinal cord of the small animal, the measurement and analysis of the unanesthetized small animal can be performed more easily and objectively.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an elevated small animal fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the main body of the small animal fixator shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a small animal fixed state by the small animal fixing device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a small animal fixed state by the small animal fixing device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a partition member of the small animal fixing device shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 10 Elevated small animal fixation device 12 Main body 14 Abutment 16 Hollow portion 18 Square hole (notch)
24a, 24b, 24c Position adjustment slot (installation part)
26 Partition plate (partition member)
28 Slot for processing (hole)

Claims (4)

無麻酔小動物を半身固定する高架型の小動物固定器であって、
小動物の測定解析対象となる肢部が自由な状態で、該肢部以外の部位はしっかり固定する本体と、
前記本体に固定された小動物の肢部が接地しない高さで、該本体を支持する支台と、
を備えたことを特徴とする高架型小動物固定器。
An elevated small animal fixation device for fixing a non-anesthetized small animal half-body,
With the limb to be measured and analyzed for the small animal in a free state, a body other than the limb firmly fixed,
An abutment supporting the main body at a height at which the limb of the small animal fixed to the main body does not touch the ground,
An elevated small animal fixation device comprising:
請求項1記載の高架型小動物固定器において、
前記本体は、小動物を通常に近い体型で収容し、その上半身を保持する中空部と、
小動物の測定解析対象となる肢部に応じた部位に設けられ、前記中空部内の小動物の測定解析対象となる肢部を、前記本体の外部に出すための切欠部と、
を備え、小動物の測定解析対象となる肢部は前記切欠部より本体の外部に出て自由になるが、該肢部以外の部位は前記中空部の内周壁にぴったりと収納され、その胴径方向より保持されることを特徴とする高架型小動物固定器。
The elevated small animal fixation device according to claim 1,
The main body accommodates a small animal in a body shape close to normal, a hollow portion holding the upper body,
A cutout portion is provided at a site corresponding to the limb to be measured and analyzed for the small animal, and the limb to be measured and analyzed for the small animal in the hollow portion is provided outside the main body.
The limb to be measured and analyzed for the small animal comes out of the main body from the cutout portion and becomes free, but the portion other than the limb portion is exactly housed in the inner peripheral wall of the hollow portion, and its body diameter is An elevated small animal fixation device characterized by being held from a direction.
請求項1又は2記載の高架型小動物固定器において、
前記本体は、小動物の体長方向に、所定の離隔距離をおいて設けられた複数の設置部を備え、
また前記設置部のうちの、小動物の体長に応じた位置に設けられ、小動物をその体長方向より保持する仕切り部材を備え、
前記小動物の体長に応じて、前記設置部に固定する前記仕切り部材の位置を、前記複数の設置部の中より選択することを特徴とする高架型小動物固定器。
The elevated small animal fixation device according to claim 1 or 2,
The main body includes a plurality of installation portions provided at a predetermined separation distance in the length direction of the small animal,
Further, of the installation portion, provided with a partition member provided at a position corresponding to the body length of the small animal, holding the small animal from the body length direction,
An elevated small animal fixing device, wherein a position of the partition member fixed to the installation portion is selected from among the plurality of installation portions according to a body length of the small animal.
請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の高架型小動物固定器において、
前記本体は、小動物の脳ないし脊髄に応じた部位に設けられ、該本体に固定された小動物の脳ないし脊髄に対し、該本体の外部よりアクセスするための孔部を備えたことを特徴とする高架型小動物固定器。
The elevated small animal fixation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The main body is provided at a site corresponding to the brain or spinal cord of the small animal, and has a hole for accessing the brain or spinal cord of the small animal fixed to the main body from outside the main body. Elevated small animal fixator.
JP2002318248A 2002-10-31 2002-10-31 Elevated small animal fixator Expired - Fee Related JP3813569B2 (en)

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