JP2004142593A - Battery device for electric automobile - Google Patents

Battery device for electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004142593A
JP2004142593A JP2002309648A JP2002309648A JP2004142593A JP 2004142593 A JP2004142593 A JP 2004142593A JP 2002309648 A JP2002309648 A JP 2002309648A JP 2002309648 A JP2002309648 A JP 2002309648A JP 2004142593 A JP2004142593 A JP 2004142593A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
housing
battery unit
battery
flanges
divided
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JP2002309648A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4039207B2 (en
Inventor
Tatsuo Kiuchi
木内　達雄
Nobuhide Shiga
志賀　信秀
Ikuo Kaneko
金子　育夫
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Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corp
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Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corp
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Priority to JP2002309648A priority Critical patent/JP4039207B2/en
Publication of JP2004142593A publication Critical patent/JP2004142593A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/36—Vehicles designed to transport cargo, e.g. trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a battery device for an electric automobile capable of securing collision safety, water proofing property, electromagnetic shield property of a battery unit with simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: The battery device has a casing 23 covering the circumference of the battery unit 22, a plurality of parts of the casing 24a to 24c having anti-magnetic property, and a flange 50 provided on the divided surfaces of respective divided parts of the casing 24a to 24c. Safety for collision is secured making flanges each other interposing an anti-magnetic seal material 51 as a rim part R by using structure fastening the flanges each other with a fastening member 52 by interposing the anti-magnetic seal material 51, and water proof preventing water from entering from the divided surface and anti-magnetic property preventing emission of electromagnetic waves are secured. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えば電気自動車、特にハイブリッド電気自動車を含むトラック用の電気自動車のバッテリ装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
モータを駆動源とした電気自動車や、エンジンとモータを組合わせたハイブリッド電気自動車では、車体にバッテリユニットを搭載して、モータに電力を供給することが行われている。
【０００３】
こうした電気自動車におけるバッテリユニットの車載は、乗用車では、荷室内の一部やサイドシルで囲まれるフロア下面にバッテリユニットを据付けることが行われている（例えば特許文献１を参照）。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開平１１−６７１７７号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
乗用車は、バッテリユニットが車体の構造部分で周囲が覆われるため、衝突時、直接、バッテリユニットに対して車両がぶつかるおそれがない。
【０００６】
ところで、電気自動車やハイブリッド電気自動車がトラックの場合、積載能力を確保するために、トラックの車体構造の観点から、バッテリユニットは、荷箱下に配置されているシャシフレーム（車体フレーム）の側部に設置せざるを得ない。
【０００７】
ところが、トラックのシャシフレームは、外部に剥き出しの部品であるために、同シャシフレームに付くバッテリユニットも、外部に剥き出しとなる。このため、トラックでは、バッテリユニットが外気に晒されるために、乗用車とは異なった種々の性能が求められる。
【０００８】
すなわち、バッテリユニットには、衝突に対する安全性が求められるうえ、雨などの水に対する防水性が求められる。しかも、バッテリユニットから発生する車載の各種電子機器への影響を避けることも求められる。
【０００９】
そこで、バッテリユニットの周囲を筐体で覆うことが考えられるが、多くの部材を多用するばかりで、簡単には求められる性能が確保できない。
【００１０】
そこで、本発明は、簡単な構造で、バッテリユニットの衝突安全性、防水性、電磁シールド性を確保できる電気自動車のバッテリ装置を提供することにある。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために請求項１に記載の発明は、バッテリユニットの周囲を筐体で覆う構造を前提としたうえで、筐体は、分割された複数の防磁性を有する筐体部分と、分割された各筐体部分の分割面に設けたフランジとを有し、フランジ同士をフランジ間に防磁性シール材を挟んで締結部材で締結することにより、シール材を挟んだフランジ同士が外部の衝撃から内部のバッテリユニットを保護するリブ部としてなる筐体構造を形成したことにある
これにより、バッテリユニットは、外部からの衝撃に耐えうる剛性をもたらすリブ部をもつ筐体内に収められるから、簡単な構造で、衝突に対する安全性が確保される。しかも、筐体はフランジ結合を解けば簡単に分解できるから、バッテリユニットの整備性も容易である。そのうえ、筐体部分の分割面間は、シール材でシールされているので、筐体の外部から水が進入することはなく、防水性が確保される。と同時に筐体部分およびシール材は防磁性を有しているので、バッテリユニットの周囲はシールドされ、併せて電磁シールド性も確保される。
【００１２】
好ましくは、筐体は３分割の筐体構造すればよく、このようにすれば中央の筐体部分のみを取り替えるだけで、筐体は種々の大きさのバッテリユニットに利用でき、バッテリユニットを覆うコストが抑えられる。また筐体内に収められるバッテリユニットが、バッテリ本体およびそのバッテリ本体を制御する制御機器を有して構成されると、バッテリに関する機器が集中するので、筐体を分解するだけで、多くの機器が一度に整備できるようになる（整備性の向上）。
【００１３】
請求項２に記載の発明は、上記目的に加え、安全にバッテリユニットの整備が行えるよう、バッテリユニットは、スイッチの操作でバッテリユニットからの給電を遮断する遮断装置を有して構成し、筐体は、遮断装置のスイッチを操作する操作部を外部に露出させる開口部と、同開口部を着脱可能に塞ぐ蓋部と、同蓋部から延びてフランジ同士を締結している締結部材の解除操作を邪魔するように形成された操作障害部とを有した構成として、筐体を分解するべくフランジ同士の締結を解除するときは、必ず蓋部を取り外さなければ作業が進まない構造にし、筐体の分解作業時、蓋部の取り外しにより、必ず遮断装置の操作部を作業者の目に触れさせて、同遮断装置の操作をうながし、バッテリユニットからの給電が遮断された状態から分解作業が行えるようにした。
【００１４】
請求項３に記載の発明は、上記目的に加え、簡単な構造で、筐体からのアースが行われるよう、筐体は金属部材で形成し、この筐体に、電気自動車の車体へアースするアース線を接続する構成とした。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を図１ないし図７に示す一実施形態にもとづいて説明する。
【００１６】
図１は電気自動車、例えばトラック用のハイブリッド電気自動車の側面図を示し、図２は同電気自動車の平面図をそれぞれ示していて、同図中１はシャシフレームである。シャシフレーム１は、車両前後方向に延びる一対のサイドフレーム２を有するラダー構造で形成してある。
【００１７】
このシャシフレーム１の前部両側には前輪３が懸架させてあり、後部両側には後輪４が懸架させてある。そして、シャシフレーム１の前部にはキャブ５が搭載され、後部には同キャブ５と隣接して、架装物、例えば荷箱６が搭載され、車体を構成している。
【００１８】
シャシフレーム１の前部には、サイドフレーム２間に位置して、例えば走行用（車両駆動用）のエンジン７、クラッチ装置８、モータ装置９、トランスミッション１０を組合わせた動力ユニット１１が据付けてある。そして、トランスミッション１０の出力部が、例えばプロペラシャフト１２、デファレンシャル１３を介して後輪４に接続され、エンジン７あるいはモータ装置９からの動力、又は双方の動力で、後輪４を駆動できるようにしている。
【００１９】
一方、２１はモータ装置９へ電力を供給するバッテリ装置を示す。このバッテリ装置２１は、トラックの各部を考慮して、車体フレームを構成するシャシフレーム１、例えば図１および図２に示されるように前・後輪３，４間から外部に臨むサイドフレーム２の側部に据付けてある。
【００２０】
バッテリ装置２１には、バッテリユニット２２と、そのバッテリユニット２２の周囲全体を覆う筐体２３とを組合わせた構造が用いてある。このバッテリ装置２１の全体の外観が図３に示され、同バッテリ装置２１の分解した構造が図４に示され、同バッテリ装置２１の断面が図５に示してある。
【００２１】
バッテリユニット２２は、バッテリ本体となる例えば図４に示されるような多数のバッテリセル２５を集約して構成されるセルモジュール２６に加えて、セルモジュール２６を制御する各種の制御装置、例えばセルモジュール２６を冷却するファンＢＯＸ３０（冷却装置）、キーオフ操作に連動して給電経路をリレー（図示しない）で遮断するジャンクションＢＯＸ３５、遮断装置としての安全スイッチ４０、各バッテリセルを平滑化するなどバッテリ管理を行うバッテリ管理装置４５を有して構成してある。
【００２２】
各部を説明すると、セルモジュール２６は、例えば図４および図５に示されるように車両前後方向に沿って延びる略角筒形のケース２７を有している。このケース２７の内部は、例えば仕切部２８によって上下二段に区画してある。この区画した上下の室には、例えば隙間を存して多数のバッテリセル２５が設置され、該バッテリセル２５を集約させてある。つまり、各バッテリセル２５は、出入り口をもつ通風路２９に集中して設置させてある。これにより、通風冷却可能なセルモジュール２６を構成している。
【００２３】
上下のセルモジュール群は、セルモジュール２６を幅方向から挟んだ片側に組付けた上記安全スイッチＢＯＸ４０を介して直列に接続してある。そして、これらバッテリセルモジュール群はモータ装置８の給電系統などに接続され、バッテリセル２５を直列につないで得られる電力がモータ装置８へ供給されるようにしてある。また安全スイッチＢＯＸ４０は、上下のバッテリセル群が直列につながる経路に介装された遮断スイッチ４１、同遮断スイッチ４１を収めたケース４２、同ケース４２の外部に露出する車幅方向側面に設けたスイッチ操作用のノブ４３（遮断装置の操作部に相当）を有して構成されている。つまり、ノブ４３を遮断側へ操作すると、遮断スイッチ４１が開放して、バッテリユニット２２の給電経路が遮断されるようにしてある。
【００２４】
ケース２７の車両後方側の端部には、上記ファンＢＯＸ３５が接続してある。ファンＢＯＸ３５は、図４および図５に示されるようにケース２７の後端とつらなる箱形のケース３６と、このケース３６内に収容された複数の冷却ファン、例えば２個づつ上下段に設置されたブロア形の電動式冷却ファン３７（以下、単に冷却ファンという）とを有している。このうち冷却ファン３７の吸込口部３７ａは、各段（上下段）毎にケース２７内に連通させてある。また各吹出し口部３７ｂは、ケース３６内に開口して、ケース３６の上壁部に形成した通孔、例えば幅方向に延びる長方形状の通孔３８と連通させてある。
【００２５】
また連なるケース２７およびケース３６の側部には、安全スイッチＢＯＸ４０と隣接して、上記バッテリ管理装置４５が組付けてある。これと反対側のケース２７およびケース３６の側部には、上記ジャンクションＢＯＸ３５が組付けてあり、バッテリに関する機器を１個所に集約させたバッテリユニット２２を構成している。
【００２６】
またバッテリユニット２２の周りを覆う筐体２３は、複数に分割、例えば上下方向に３分割された構造が用いてある。具体的には、図４および図５に示されるように筐体２３は、上部が開放する略皿状の下部筐体部分２４ａ、上部と下部との双方が開放している略短筒状の中央筐体部分２４ｂ、下部が開放する略蓋状の上部筐体部分２４ｃ（いずれも本願の筐体部分に相当）とに分割してある。このうちベースとなる下部筐体部分２４ａの底面に、バッテリユニット２２が据付けてある。なお、各筐体部分２４ａ〜２４ｃは、防磁性材料、例えば金属プレート（Ｆｅ，Ａｌ等）を加工した金属製の部品を用いて構成してある。また各筐体部分２４ａ〜２４ｃの開口端の外周部には、分割面を囲うようにフランジ、例えばシャシフレーム１の厚みと同等の厚み寸法を有する金属製（Ｆｅ，Ａｌ等）のフランジ５０が溶接などで環状に取着してある。そして、隣接するフランジ５０，５０同士が、それらフランジ５０，５０間に防磁性のシール部材、例えばゴムに金属材料を練り込んで形成される枠状のシール材５１（防磁性シール材）を挟み込んで、締結部材、例えば複数のボルトナット５２（図５〜図７に図示）で着脱可能に締結してある。この筐体２３でバッテリユニット２２に収納させる構造により、バッテリユニット２２の周囲を防水構造にし、さらに防磁構造、すなわちバッテリユニット２２の周囲をシールドしている。また図４に示されるように上部筐体部分２４ｃの上壁部５３のち、車両前方側の地点と、通孔３８と対応した車両後方側の地点には、通孔、例えば車幅方向に延びる長方形状の通孔５４，５５が形成してある。そして、前側に配置された通孔５４と合致させて、上壁部５３の上面には、ダクト、例えば吸込ダクト５６が立位の姿勢で固定、例えばボルトナット５３ａ（図５しか図示せず）で締結してある。また後側に配置された通孔５５と合致させて、上壁部５３の上面には、ダクト、例えば排気ダクト５７が立位の姿勢（立位）で固定、例えばボルトナット５３ｂ（図５しか図示せず）で同様に締結してある。排気ダクト５７は、通孔５５とその直下の通孔３８との間に介装した中継ダクト５８を経て、冷却ファン３７の吹出し口部３７ｂと連通させてあり、冷却ファン３７が作動すると、吸込ダクト５６の先端に形成された吸込口５６ａから外気を吸込み、同空気がケース２７内の通風路２９、中継ダクト５８および排気ダクト５７を流れて、排気ダクト５７の先端に形成された排気口５７ａから外気へ吹き出される（排気）ようにしている。そして、通風路２９での空気の流通により、ケース２７内に収められた各バッテリセル２５が冷却されるようにしてある。なお、冷却ファン３７は、例えばバッテリ管理装置４５によって、例えばバッテリセル２５が所定温度まで上昇すると、作動する制御が採用してある。また筐体２３の吸・排経路の途中の部位、例えば通孔５４，５５の双方には、その開口を裏側から遮るように防磁フィルタ、例えば防磁性を有するエアフィルタ３１（例えばエアフィルタに防磁性材料を取着した部品）が取付けられていて、吸・排経路からも電磁波が漏れない構造にしている。吸込ダクト５６および排気ダクト５７には、いずれも先端が上部筐体部分２４ａの上面に向かう形状、例えば上部筐体部分２４ｃの中央側へコ字形に曲げた部品が用いてある。このダクト形状で、吸込ダクト５６の先端の吸込口５６ａ、排気ダクト５７の先端の排気口５７ａを、上部筐体部分２４ｃの上面に対し近接させて向き合わせている（近接対向）。この吸込口５６ａ、排気口５７ａを筐体上面で外部から見えなくする構造、コ字形のダクト形状がもたらす吸・排経路のラビリンス構造により、外部から異物や水などが吸・排気口５６ａ，５７ａへ進入するのを防ぐ構造としている。またラビリンス化された吸・排経路の途中の部位、例えばダクトの曲り部をなす内周側の内面部分には、一部通路遮るように邪魔板部３２が取付けられ、異物や水に対する進入防止構造を強化している。また筐体２３には、安全性のために、筐体２３を分解してバッテリユニット２２を整備（メンテナンス）する際、安全スイッチＢＯＸ４０のスイッチ操作をうながす安全構造が設けてある。同構造は、例えば図３、図４および図６に示されるように中央筐体部分２４ｂのうち、安全スイッチＢＯＸ４０と向き合う壁部分に形成された、同ＢＯＸ４０の側面に有るノブ４３を外部に露出させる開口部４７と、同開口部４７を外方から固定具、例えばボルトナット４８ａで着脱可能に塞ぐ例えば蓋板４８（蓋部）と、この蓋板４８の一部に形成された邪魔板部４９（操作障害部に相当）を有して構成してある。詳しくは、邪魔板部４９は、図６および図７に示されるように蓋板４８の下端部から逆Ｌ字状に突出させた帯板部から形成してあり、この帯板部の先端の水平方向に延びる部分４９ａで、例えば開口部４７の直下に存するボルトナット５２（上部筐体部分２４ａと下部筐体部分２４ｃとを締結する部品）の頭部の直上を遮る構造にしてある。すなわち、邪魔板部４９の先端部で、ボルトナット５２の解除操作を邪魔する構造にしてある。つまり、蓋板４８を取り外さないと、ボルトナット５２の解除操作が行えないようにしている。これにより、中央筐体部分２４ｂと下部筐体部分２４ａとの締結を解く作業（筐体２３の分解作業）の際、蓋板４８を取り外す作業を強制して、分解作業の途中で、必ず安全スイッチＢＯＸ４０のノブ４３を作業者の目に触れさせ、同ノブ４３の操作をうながすようにしてある。
【００２７】
このバッテリ装置２１が、例えば図１〜図３に示されるようにサイドフレーム２の側部に取着してある複数のＬ字形のサポート部材６０に載せ、各サポート部材６０から延びる複数本のバンド６１でサポート部材６０に挟み付けという据付構造で、サイドフレーム２の側部に固定してある。この据付構造により、バッテリ装置２１は、フランジ５０が車体前後および車幅方向両側に張り出させた姿勢に固定してある。つまり、バッテリユニット２２は、筐体２３、すなわちフランジ同士が外部からの衝撃に耐えるリブ部Ｒをなす筐体構造によって、外部の衝撃から内部のバッテリユニット２２が守られる構造にしてある。
【００２８】
またバッテリ装置２１は、筐体２３の吸込口５６ａおよび排気口５７ａが前輪３や後輪４（いずれもタイヤ）の中心位置Ａよりも上側になる地点に据付けてある。これにより、求められるトラックの渡渉性を確保している。
【００２９】
なお、筐体２３の一部、例えば下部筐体部分２４ａのフランジ５０からは、一端部がフランジ５０に例えば溶接で取着されたアース線６３が延びている。このアース線６３の他端部は、車体、例えば近くのサイドフレーム部分に接続されていて、バッテリユニット２２をシールドしている筐体２３を車体へアースしている。
【００３０】
このように構成されたトラックは、エンジン７の動力、バッテリセル２５から供給される電力で作動するモータ装置９の動力、それら双方の動力を併用して走行が行われる。
【００３１】
このとき、シャシフレーム１に組付けてあるバッテリユニット２２は、その周囲が分割式の筐体２３で覆われている。しかも、筐体２３の締結部を形成している、シール材５１を挟んだフランジ５０，５０同士は、外部から加わる衝撃に対して高い剛性をもたらすリブ部Ｒをなしている。
【００３２】
したがって、バッテリユニット２２は、シャシフレーム１に据付られても、筐体２３により、高い衝突に対する安全性が確保できる。しかも、リブＲは、筐体２３の締結部をなすフランジ５０をそのまま用いるから、別途、補強のための部材を用いずにすみ、構造的に簡単ですむ。
【００３３】
そのうえ、筐体２３は、フランジ結合を解けば簡単に分解されるから、バッテリユニット２２の整備性も容易である。特に筐体２３内には、バッテリ本体としてのセルモジュール２６だけでなく、そのセルモジュール２６に付随する機器、例えばファンＢＯＸ３０、ジャンクションＢＯＸ３５、安全スイッチ４０およびバッテリ管理装置４５なども収納してあるから、筐体２３を分解するだけで、バッテリ装置２１に関する機器を一度に集中して整備することができ、高い整備性をもたらす。さらに３分割式の筐体構造の採用により、中央筐体部分２４ｂのみを取り替えるだけで、種々の大きさのバッテリユニット２２を収めることができ、バッテリユニット２２を収納するに必要なコストが抑えられる利点もある。
【００３４】
しかも、筐体２３には、必ず蓋板４８を取り外さなければ分解作業が進まない構造（蓋板４８でボルトナット５２の解除操作を邪魔する構造）が採用してあるので、筐体２３を分解するときは、分解の途中、例えば図７に示されるように上部筐体部分２４ｃを取り外し後、中央筐体部分２４ｂと下部筐体部分２４ａとを分解する際、蓋板４８の取り外し作業が強制されるが、この蓋板４８の取り外しによって、必ず分解の途中で安全スイッチ４０の操作部であるノブ４３を作業者の目に触れさせる。つまり、筐体２３の分解するときは、必ず安全スイッチ４０の操作をうながす。これにより、ノブ４３を操作してバッテリユニット２２からの給電を断ち切ってから、つぎの分解作業、すなわち中央筐体部分２４ｂと下部筐体部分２４ａとを締結しているボルトナット５２を解除する作業へと進むから、未然に整備作業中における感電を防止でき、安全性に優れた状況のもとで整備作業を進めることができる。
【００３５】
また筐体２３の筐体部分の分割面間は、シール材５１でシールされているので、分割面間から水が進入することはなく、冷却風を吸排する吸・排口５６ａ，５７ａ以外における防水性を確保できる。特に吸・排口５６ａ，５７ａは、吸込ダクト５６や排気ダクト５７を用いて、高い地点に配置されたり、開口を壁面に接近させたりして、外部から水が進入しにくくしてあるので、かなり高い防水性が得られる。しかも、各筐体部分２４ａ〜２４ｃ，シール材５１には、防磁性を有した部材が用いてあるので、バッテリユニット２２の周囲は電磁シールドされ、バッテリユニット２２が発する電磁波を遮断でき、同電磁波による影響を防ぐことができる。そのうえ、筐体２３に帯電した静電気は、筐体２３から延びるアース線６３を通じて、車体、例えばシャシフレーム２へアースされるから、帯電した静電気の影響もない。特に冷却ファン３７の吸排経路に防磁性のエアフィルタ３１（防磁性フィルタ）を設けると、格段に高い電磁シールド性が確保できる。
【００３６】
またアース線６３は、金属製、すなわち金属部材で形成された筐体２３に対して直付けする構造なので、導通状態を得るために塗装を剥がす必要があるボルト止めで固定する構造に比べ、手間が省ける、すなわち少ない工数でアース線６３を接続することができる利点がある。
【００３７】
なお、本発明は上述した一実施形態に限定されることなく、本発明の主旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々変更して実施しても構わない。例えば一実施形態では、上下方向に分割した筐体部分の分割面にフランジを設けた構造を挙げたが、これに限らず、例えば筐体を車体前後方向から分割したり、あるいは車体幅方向から分割して、これら分割した筐体部分の分割面にフランジを設けた構造でもよい。また一実施形態では、蓋板を取り外すと隠れていた安全スイッチ（遮断装置）の操作部が表れて、作業者に同安全スイッチの操作をうながす構造を用いたが、これに限らず、蓋板を取り外すと、安全スイッチが作動して給電が遮断されるようにしてもよい。また一実施形態では、防磁性の筐体として、筐体そのものが金属（Ｆｅ，Ａｌなど）で形成した例を挙げたが、これに限らず、例えば筐体はプラスチックとしその内面に防磁性材料からなるフィルム、シート等を貼り付けた構造でもよく、防磁性の筐体構造には限定されるものではなく、要は筐体自身が防磁性をもつものであればよい。さらに一実施形態では、３分割式の筐体を用いた例を挙げたが、これに限らず、２分割でも、４分割でも、それ以上に分割される筐体を用いてもよい。また一実施形態では、バッテリユニットとして、バッテリ本体となるセルモジュールに、ファンＢＯＸ、ジャンクションＢＯＸ、安全スイッチ、バッテリ管理装置を組合わせた構造を挙げたが、セルモジュールだけや他の組み合わせでもよく、バッテリユニットの構造には限定されるものではない。さらに一実施形態では、本発明をハイブリッド電気自動車に適用したが、これに限らず、バッテリユニットの電力で作動するモータ装置だけで走行を行う電気自動車に本発明を適用してもよい。
【００３８】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように請求項１に記載の発明によれば、バッテリユニットを覆う筐体として、分割された複数の防磁性を有する筐体部分の分割面にフランジを設け、フランジ同士をフランジ間に防磁性シール材を挟んで締結部材で締結して、フランジ同士を外部からの衝撃からバッテリユニットを保護するリブ部とする構造を採用したから、簡単な構造で、筐体は、内部のバッテユニットを保護する衝突に対する安全性、同じく防水性、外部の電磁波の放出を防ぐ防磁性を確保することができる。しかも、筐体はフランジ結合を解けば簡単に分解できるから、バッテリユニットの整備性もよい。
【００３９】
請求項２に記載の発明によれば、上記効果に加え、バッテリユニットの整備をするときは、筐体の分解作業の途中で、必ず遮断装置の操作部を作業者の目に触れさせて、遮断装置の操作をうながすことができ、バッテリユニットからの給電が遮断された状態から、筐体の分解作業、さらにはバッテリユニットの整備作業へと続くので、安全にバッテリユニットの整備ができるという効果を奏する。
【００４０】
請求項３に記載の発明によれば、上記効果に加え、手間のかからない構造で、筐体にアース線を接続することができるという効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態に係るバッテリ装置を、そのバッテリ装置を搭載した電気自動車と共に示す側面図。
【図２】同じくその平面図。
【図３】同バッテリ装置の外観を示す斜視図。
【図４】同バッテリ装置を分解した分解斜視図。
【図５】図３中のＸ−Ｘ線に沿うバッテリ装置の断面図。
【図６】図３中のＹ線に沿う蓋部の断面図。
【図７】蓋部を取り外して安全スイッチの操作部が表れた状態を示す斜視図。
【符号の説明】
１…シャシフレーム（車体フレーム）
２１…バッテリ装置
２２…バッテリユニット
２３…筐体
２４ａ〜２４ｃ…筐体部分
２６…セルモジュール（バッテリ本体）
３０…ファンＢＯＸ
４０…安全スイッチ（遮断装置）
４３…ノブ（操作部）
４５…バッテリ管理装置
４７…開口部
４８…蓋板（蓋部）
４９…邪魔板部（操作障害部）
５０…フランジ
５１…防磁性シール材
５２…ボルトナット（締結部材）
５６…吸込ダクト
５６ａ…吸込口
５７…排気ダクト
５７ａ…排気口
６３…アース線。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a battery device of an electric vehicle for a truck including an electric vehicle, particularly a hybrid electric vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art In an electric vehicle using a motor as a drive source or a hybrid electric vehicle in which an engine and a motor are combined, a battery unit is mounted on a vehicle body to supply electric power to the motor.
[0003]
As for the mounting of a battery unit in such an electric vehicle, in a passenger car, the battery unit is installed on a part of a luggage compartment or on a lower surface of a floor surrounded by a side sill (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-67177
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a passenger car, since the periphery of the battery unit is covered by the structural part of the vehicle body, there is no possibility that the vehicle will directly hit the battery unit in the event of a collision.
[0006]
By the way, when an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle is a truck, in order to secure the loading capacity, from the viewpoint of the body structure of the truck, the battery unit is located on a side of a chassis frame (body frame) disposed under the packing box. I have to install it.
[0007]
However, since the chassis frame of the truck is a part that is exposed to the outside, the battery unit attached to the chassis frame is also exposed to the outside. For this reason, in a truck, since the battery unit is exposed to the outside air, various performances different from those of a passenger car are required.
[0008]
That is, the battery unit is required to have safety against collision and also to be waterproof against water such as rain. In addition, it is also required to avoid the influence on various on-vehicle electronic devices generated from the battery unit.
[0009]
Therefore, it is conceivable to cover the periphery of the battery unit with a housing. However, since many members are frequently used, the required performance cannot be easily ensured.
[0010]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery device for an electric vehicle that has a simple structure and can ensure the collision safety, waterproofness, and electromagnetic shielding of a battery unit.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is based on the premise that a structure surrounding a battery unit is covered with a housing, and the housing is provided with a plurality of divided anti-magnetic housing portions. A flange provided on a divided surface of each of the divided housing portions, and the flanges sandwiching the seal material are fastened by fastening members with the anti-magnetic sealing material sandwiched between the flanges, so that the flanges sandwiching the seal material are external. The battery unit is housed in a housing having a rib that provides rigidity that can withstand an external shock. With a simple structure, safety against collision is ensured. Moreover, since the housing can be easily disassembled by releasing the flange connection, the maintenance of the battery unit is easy. In addition, since the space between the divided surfaces of the housing portion is sealed by the seal material, water does not enter from the outside of the housing, and waterproofness is secured. At the same time, since the housing portion and the sealing material have anti-magnetism, the periphery of the battery unit is shielded, and the electromagnetic shielding property is also secured.
[0012]
Preferably, the housing may have a three-part housing structure. In this case, the housing can be used for battery units of various sizes by only replacing the central housing part, and covers the battery unit. Costs can be reduced. Further, if the battery unit housed in the housing is configured to include the battery body and a control device for controlling the battery body, devices related to the battery are concentrated. Maintenance can be done at once (improvement of maintenance).
[0013]
In addition to the above object, the invention according to claim 2 is configured such that the battery unit has a shutoff device that shuts off power supply from the battery unit by operating a switch so that the battery unit can be safely maintained. The body has an opening for exposing an operation unit for operating a switch of the shut-off device to the outside, a lid for detachably closing the opening, and release of a fastening member extending from the lid and fastening the flanges to each other. When the flanges are disassembled to disassemble the housing, the structure must not be removed without removing the lid. When disassembling the body, always remove the lid to make the operator of the shut-off device visible to the operator, prompt the operator to operate the shut-off device, and disassemble from the state where the power supply from the battery unit is cut off. Work was to allow.
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above object, the housing is formed of a metal member so as to be grounded from the housing with a simple structure, and the housing is grounded to the body of the electric vehicle. It was configured to connect the ground wire.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on one embodiment shown in FIGS.
[0016]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an electric vehicle, for example, a hybrid electric vehicle for a truck, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the electric vehicle. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a chassis frame. The chassis frame 1 is formed in a ladder structure having a pair of side frames 2 extending in the vehicle front-rear direction.
[0017]
A front wheel 3 is suspended on both front sides of the chassis frame 1, and a rear wheel 4 is suspended on both rear sides. A cab 5 is mounted on a front portion of the chassis frame 1, and a bodywork, for example, a packing box 6 is mounted on the rear portion adjacent to the cab 5 to form a vehicle body.
[0018]
At the front of the chassis frame 1, a power unit 11, which is a combination of, for example, a traveling (vehicle driving) engine 7, a clutch device 8, a motor device 9, and a transmission 10, is installed between the side frames 2. is there. An output portion of the transmission 10 is connected to the rear wheel 4 via, for example, a propeller shaft 12 and a differential 13, so that the rear wheel 4 can be driven by power from the engine 7 or the motor device 9 or both powers. ing.
[0019]
On the other hand, 21 denotes a battery device for supplying electric power to the motor device 9. The battery device 21 is provided with a chassis frame 1 constituting a vehicle body frame in consideration of each part of a truck, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. It is installed on the side.
[0020]
The battery device 21 has a structure in which a battery unit 22 and a housing 23 that covers the entire periphery of the battery unit 22 are combined. 3 shows an overall appearance of the battery device 21, FIG. 4 shows an exploded structure of the battery device 21, and FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the battery device 21.
[0021]
The battery unit 22 includes, in addition to a cell module 26 configured by integrating a large number of battery cells 25 as shown in FIG. 4 serving as a battery main body, various control devices for controlling the cell module 26, for example, a cell module A fan BOX 30 (cooling device) that cools 26, a junction BOX 35 that shuts off a power supply path with a relay (not shown) in conjunction with a key-off operation, a safety switch 40 as an interrupting device, and battery management such as smoothing each battery cell. It has a battery management device 45 for performing.
[0022]
Explaining each part, the cell module 26 has a substantially rectangular cylindrical case 27 extending along the vehicle front-rear direction, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The interior of the case 27 is divided into, for example, upper and lower stages by a partition portion 28. In the divided upper and lower chambers, for example, a large number of battery cells 25 are installed with a gap, and the battery cells 25 are integrated. That is, each battery cell 25 is installed in a concentrated manner in the ventilation path 29 having an entrance. Thereby, the cell module 26 capable of ventilation cooling is configured.
[0023]
The upper and lower cell module groups are connected in series via the safety switch BOX 40 mounted on one side sandwiching the cell module 26 from the width direction. These battery cell module groups are connected to a power supply system of the motor device 8 and the like, and electric power obtained by connecting the battery cells 25 in series is supplied to the motor device 8. The safety switch BOX 40 is provided on a cutoff switch 41 interposed in a path connecting the upper and lower battery cells in series, a case 42 containing the cutoff switch 41, and a vehicle width direction side exposed to the outside of the case 42. A switch operation knob 43 (corresponding to the operation unit of the shut-off device) is provided. That is, when the knob 43 is operated to the cutoff side, the cutoff switch 41 is opened, and the power supply path of the battery unit 22 is cut off.
[0024]
The fan BOX 35 is connected to an end of the case 27 on the vehicle rear side. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the fan BOX 35 has a box-shaped case 36 connected to the rear end of the case 27, and a plurality of cooling fans housed in the case 36, for example, two fans are installed in upper and lower stages. And a blower-type electric cooling fan 37 (hereinafter simply referred to as a cooling fan). The suction port 37a of the cooling fan 37 is connected to the inside of the case 27 for each stage (upper and lower stages). Each outlet 37b is opened in the case 36 and communicates with a through hole formed in the upper wall of the case 36, for example, a rectangular through hole 38 extending in the width direction.
[0025]
The battery management device 45 is mounted on the side of the continuous case 27 and the case 36 adjacent to the safety switch BOX40. The junction box 35 is mounted on the side of the case 27 and the case 36 on the opposite side, and constitutes a battery unit 22 in which devices related to the battery are integrated in one place.
[0026]
The housing 23 that covers the periphery of the battery unit 22 has a structure that is divided into a plurality of parts, for example, three parts vertically. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the housing 23 has a substantially dish-shaped lower housing portion 24a having an open upper portion, and a substantially short cylindrical shape having both upper and lower portions opened. It is divided into a central housing portion 24b and a substantially lid-like upper housing portion 24c whose lower portion is open (both correspond to the housing portion of the present application). The battery unit 22 is installed on the bottom surface of the lower housing portion 24a serving as a base. Each of the housing portions 24a to 24c is formed using a magnetic component, for example, a metal part obtained by processing a metal plate (Fe, Al, or the like). A flange, for example, a metal (Fe, Al, etc.) flange 50 having a thickness dimension equivalent to the thickness of the chassis frame 1 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the opening end of each of the housing portions 24a to 24c so as to surround the divided surface. It is attached in a ring by welding or the like. Then, the adjacent flanges 50, 50 sandwich a magnetically-proof sealing member, for example, a frame-shaped sealing material 51 (magnetic-proof sealing material) formed by kneading a metal material into rubber, between the flanges 50, 50. Thus, a fastening member, for example, a plurality of bolts and nuts 52 (shown in FIGS. 5 to 7) is detachably fastened. With the structure of being housed in the battery unit 22 with the housing 23, the periphery of the battery unit 22 is made waterproof, and the magnetic shield structure, that is, the periphery of the battery unit 22 is shielded. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, after the upper wall portion 53 of the upper housing portion 24c, a point on the vehicle front side and a point on the vehicle rear side corresponding to the through hole 38 extend through the through hole, for example, in the vehicle width direction. Rectangular through holes 54 and 55 are formed. Then, a duct, for example, a suction duct 56 is fixed in an upright position on the upper surface of the upper wall portion 53 in conformity with the through hole 54 arranged on the front side, for example, a bolt nut 53a (only FIG. 5 is shown). Has been concluded. Further, a duct, for example, an exhaust duct 57 is fixed in an upright position (upright position) on the upper surface of the upper wall portion 53 so as to match with the through hole 55 arranged on the rear side. (Not shown)). The exhaust duct 57 communicates with the outlet 37b of the cooling fan 37 through a relay duct 58 interposed between the through hole 55 and the through hole 38 immediately below the through hole 55. Outside air is sucked from a suction port 56a formed at the tip of the duct 56, and the air flows through the ventilation path 29, the relay duct 58, and the exhaust duct 57 in the case 27, and the exhaust port 57a formed at the tip of the exhaust duct 57. From the outside air (exhaust). Each battery cell 25 housed in the case 27 is cooled by the flow of air in the ventilation passage 29. The cooling fan 37 is controlled to operate when the battery cell 25 rises to a predetermined temperature by, for example, the battery management device 45. In addition, a magnetic shield filter, for example, an air filter 31 (for example, a magnetic shield for the air filter) having a magnetic shield, is provided in a portion of the housing 23 in the suction / discharge path, for example, both the through holes 54 and 55 so as to block the opening from the back side. (A component to which a conductive material is attached) is attached so that electromagnetic waves do not leak from the suction / discharge path. Each of the suction duct 56 and the exhaust duct 57 has a shape whose tip is directed toward the upper surface of the upper housing portion 24a, for example, a part bent in a U-shape toward the center of the upper housing portion 24c. In this duct shape, the suction port 56a at the tip of the suction duct 56 and the exhaust port 57a at the tip of the exhaust duct 57 face each other so as to be close to the upper surface of the upper housing portion 24c (close proximity). The suction port 56a and the exhaust port 57a are made invisible from the outside on the top surface of the housing, and the labyrinth structure of the suction / exhaust path provided by the U-shaped duct shape allows foreign substances and water to enter and exit from the outside. The structure is designed to prevent entry into the area. In addition, a baffle plate 32 is attached to a part of the labyrinth in the suction / discharge path, for example, an inner surface on the inner peripheral side forming a bent part of the duct so as to partially block the passage, thereby preventing foreign substances and water from entering. The structure has been strengthened. Further, the housing 23 is provided with a safety structure for prompting a switch operation of the safety switch BOX 40 when disassembling the housing 23 and performing maintenance on the battery unit 22 for safety. For example, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 6, the knob 43 formed on a wall portion of the central housing portion 24b facing the safety switch BOX 40 is exposed to the outside. An opening 47 to be closed, a cover plate 48 (lid) for detachably closing the opening 47 with a fixing tool, for example, a bolt nut 48a, and a baffle plate formed in a part of the cover plate 48 49 (corresponding to an operation obstacle). More specifically, the baffle plate portion 49 is formed from a band portion protruding in an inverted L-shape from the lower end portion of the cover plate 48 as shown in FIGS. The portion 49a extending in the horizontal direction is configured to block, for example, a portion just above the head of a bolt nut 52 (a component for fastening the upper housing portion 24a and the lower housing portion 24c) located immediately below the opening 47. That is, the distal end of the baffle plate portion 49 is configured to obstruct the releasing operation of the bolt and nut 52. In other words, the bolt nut 52 cannot be released unless the cover plate 48 is removed. Thereby, in the work of releasing the connection between the central housing part 24b and the lower housing part 24a (disassembly work of the housing 23), the work of removing the cover plate 48 is forcibly performed, and during the disassembly work, safety is ensured. The operator touches the knob 43 of the switch BOX 40 to the operator's eyes, and prompts the operation of the knob 43.
[0027]
The battery device 21 is mounted on a plurality of L-shaped support members 60 attached to the side of the side frame 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, for example, and a plurality of bands extending from each support member 60. At 61, it is fixed to the side of the side frame 2 by an installation structure of being sandwiched between the support members 60. With this installation structure, the battery device 21 is fixed in a posture in which the flange 50 projects to the front and rear of the vehicle body and both sides in the vehicle width direction. That is, the battery unit 22 has a structure in which the internal battery unit 22 is protected from external impacts by the housing 23, that is, a housing structure in which the flanges form a rib portion R that withstands external impacts.
[0028]
The battery device 21 is installed at a point where the suction port 56a and the exhaust port 57a of the housing 23 are located above the center position A of the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4 (both are tires). As a result, the required track transmissibility is ensured.
[0029]
A ground wire 63 whose one end is attached to the flange 50 by welding, for example, extends from a part of the housing 23, for example, the flange 50 of the lower housing portion 24a. The other end of the ground wire 63 is connected to a vehicle body, for example, a nearby side frame portion, and grounds the housing 23 that shields the battery unit 22 to the vehicle body.
[0030]
The truck configured as described above travels using the power of the engine 7, the power of the motor device 9 operated by the power supplied from the battery cell 25, and the power of both of them.
[0031]
At this time, the periphery of the battery unit 22 attached to the chassis frame 1 is covered with the split casing 23. In addition, the flanges 50, 50 forming the fastening portion of the housing 23 and sandwiching the sealing material 51, form a rib portion R that provides high rigidity against an external impact.
[0032]
Therefore, even when the battery unit 22 is installed on the chassis frame 1, the housing 23 can ensure high safety against collision. Moreover, since the rib R uses the flange 50 as the fastening portion of the housing 23 as it is, there is no need to separately use a reinforcing member, and the structure is simple.
[0033]
In addition, since the housing 23 is easily disassembled when the flange connection is released, the maintainability of the battery unit 22 is also easy. In particular, the housing 23 contains not only the cell module 26 as a battery body, but also devices associated with the cell module 26, such as a fan box 30, a junction box 35, a safety switch 40, and a battery management device 45. By simply disassembling the housing 23, the equipment related to the battery device 21 can be intensively repaired at a time, resulting in high maintainability. Furthermore, by adopting a three-part housing structure, battery units 22 of various sizes can be accommodated simply by replacing only the central housing part 24b, and the cost required for housing the battery unit 22 can be suppressed. There are benefits too.
[0034]
In addition, the housing 23 has a structure in which the disassembling operation does not proceed unless the cover plate 48 is necessarily removed (a structure in which the cover plate 48 hinders the release operation of the bolt nut 52). During the disassembly, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, after removing the upper housing portion 24c, when disassembling the central housing portion 24b and the lower housing portion 24a, the removal work of the cover plate 48 is forcibly performed. However, the removal of the cover plate 48 causes the operator to touch the knob 43, which is the operation unit of the safety switch 40, during the disassembly without fail. That is, when disassembling the housing 23, the operation of the safety switch 40 is always prompted. As a result, after the power supply from the battery unit 22 is cut off by operating the knob 43, the next disassembly operation, that is, the operation of releasing the bolt nut 52 that fastens the central housing portion 24b and the lower housing portion 24a is performed. Therefore, electric shock during maintenance work can be prevented, and maintenance work can be performed under a condition excellent in safety.
[0035]
In addition, since the space between the divided surfaces of the housing portion of the housing 23 is sealed by the seal material 51, water does not enter from between the divided surfaces, and the air is not provided except at the suction / discharge ports 56a and 57a for sucking and discharging the cooling air. Waterproofness can be secured. In particular, since the suction / discharge ports 56a and 57a are arranged at a high point by using the suction duct 56 and the exhaust duct 57, and the openings are made close to the wall surface, water is hardly introduced from the outside. Very high waterproofness can be obtained. In addition, since the casing portions 24a to 24c and the sealing member 51 are made of a material having anti-magnetism, the periphery of the battery unit 22 is electromagnetically shielded, so that the electromagnetic wave generated by the battery unit 22 can be blocked. Can be prevented. In addition, since the static electricity charged on the housing 23 is grounded to the vehicle body, for example, the chassis frame 2 through the ground wire 63 extending from the housing 23, there is no influence of the charged static electricity. In particular, when a magnetically proof air filter 31 (magnetically proof filter) is provided in the suction / discharge path of the cooling fan 37, extremely high electromagnetic shielding properties can be secured.
[0036]
Further, since the ground wire 63 is a structure that is directly attached to the case 23 made of metal, that is, a metal member, it is troublesome as compared with a structure in which the paint needs to be peeled off in order to obtain a conductive state. In other words, there is an advantage that the earth wire 63 can be connected with a small number of steps.
[0037]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be implemented with various modifications without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, in one embodiment, a structure in which a flange is provided on a division surface of a casing portion divided in the up-down direction is described, but the invention is not limited thereto.For example, the casing may be divided from the vehicle front-rear direction, or from the vehicle width direction. It is also possible to adopt a structure in which the housing is divided and a flange is provided on the divided surface of the divided housing portion. Further, in one embodiment, when the cover plate is removed, the operation part of the hidden safety switch (interrupting device) appears, and a structure that prompts the operator to operate the safety switch is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this. When the power supply is removed, the safety switch may be activated to cut off the power supply. Further, in one embodiment, an example in which the casing itself is formed of a metal (Fe, Al, or the like) is given as an example of a magnet-proof casing. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A structure in which a film, a sheet, or the like made of is adhered may be used, and the structure is not limited to the magnetically proof casing structure. Further, in one embodiment, an example is described in which a three-partition type housing is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a two-part, four-part, or more-part housing may be used. Further, in one embodiment, as the battery unit, a structure in which a fan box, a junction box, a safety switch, and a battery management device are combined with a cell module serving as a battery main body, but the cell module alone or another combination may be used. The structure of the battery unit is not limited. Further, in one embodiment, the present invention is applied to a hybrid electric vehicle. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention may be applied to an electric vehicle that runs only with a motor device that operates using the power of a battery unit.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a flange is provided on a divided surface of a plurality of divided magnetically-shielded housing portions as a housing for covering the battery unit, and the flanges are disposed between the flanges. The structure uses a structure in which the flanges are fastened with fastening members with the anti-magnetic sealing material in between, and the flanges are used as ribs to protect the battery unit from external impacts. In addition, it is possible to ensure the safety against collision, the waterproof property, and the anti-magnetic property for preventing the emission of external electromagnetic waves. In addition, since the housing can be easily disassembled by releasing the flange connection, the battery unit is easy to maintain.
[0039]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described effects, when the battery unit is maintained, the operating unit of the shutoff device must be exposed to the operator during the disassembly of the housing. The operation of the shutoff device can be encouraged, and the power supply from the battery unit is interrupted, and then the disassembling operation of the housing and the maintenance operation of the battery unit are continued, so that the battery unit can be safely maintained. To play.
[0040]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described effects, there is an effect that a ground wire can be connected to the housing with a structure that does not require much labor.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a battery device according to one embodiment of the present invention, together with an electric vehicle equipped with the battery device.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the battery device.
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the battery device disassembled.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the battery device taken along line XX in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the lid taken along line Y in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which an operation unit of the safety switch is shown with a lid removed.
[Explanation of symbols]
1… Chassis frame (body frame)
21 battery device 22 battery unit 23 housings 24a to 24c housing portion 26 cell module (battery body)
30 ... Fan BOX
40 Safety switch (interrupting device)
43 ... knob (operation unit)
45: Battery management device 47: Opening 48: Lid plate (lid)
49 ... Baffle part (operation obstacle part)
Reference numeral 50: Flange 51: Anti-magnetic sealing material 52: Bolt and nut (fastening member)
56 ... suction duct 56a ... suction port 57 ... exhaust duct 57a ... exhaust port 63 ... ground wire.

Claims (3)

バッテリユニットと該バッテリユニットの周囲を覆う筐体とを有し、
前記筐体は、
複数に分割された防磁性を有する筐体部分と、分割された各筐体部分の分割面を囲うように形成されたフランジとを有するとともに、前記フランジ同士を当該フランジ間に防磁性シール材を挟んで締結部材で締結して、前記シール材を挟んだフランジ同士が外部の衝撃から内部のバッテリユニットを保護するリブ部とした筐体構造で構成される
ことを特徴とする電気自動車のバッテリ装置。A battery unit and a housing that covers the periphery of the battery unit,
The housing is
A plurality of divided housing parts having magnetism prevention, and a flange formed so as to surround the divided surface of each of the divided housing parts, and a magnetic-proof sealing material is provided between the flanges. A battery device for an electric vehicle, comprising: a housing structure in which flanges sandwiching the sealing member are secured to each other by a fastening member to protect the internal battery unit from external impact. . 前記バッテリユニットは、スイッチの操作で前記バッテリユニットからの給電を遮断する遮断装置を有し、
前記筐体は、前記遮断装置のスイッチを操作する操作部を外部に露出させるための開口部と、同開口部を着脱可能に塞ぐ蓋部と、同蓋部から延びて前記フランジ同士を締結している締結部材の解除操作を邪魔するように形成された操作障害部とを有して構成してある
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電気自動車のバッテリ装置。The battery unit has a cutoff device that cuts off power supply from the battery unit by operating a switch,
The housing includes an opening for exposing an operation unit that operates a switch of the shutoff device to the outside, a lid that removably covers the opening, and a flange that extends from the lid and fastens the flanges to each other. The battery device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising: an operation obstructing portion formed to hinder the releasing operation of the fastening member. 前記筐体は、金属部材で形成され、
同筐体には、電気自動車の車体へアースするアース線が取着してある
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電気自動車のバッテリ装置。The housing is formed of a metal member,
2. The battery device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a ground wire for grounding the vehicle body of the electric vehicle is attached to the housing.
JP2002309648A 2002-10-24 2002-10-24 Electric vehicle battery device Expired - Fee Related JP4039207B2 (en)

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