JP2004114151A - Surface treatment mold for molding magnesium alloy - Google Patents

Surface treatment mold for molding magnesium alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004114151A
JP2004114151A JP2002315052A JP2002315052A JP2004114151A JP 2004114151 A JP2004114151 A JP 2004114151A JP 2002315052 A JP2002315052 A JP 2002315052A JP 2002315052 A JP2002315052 A JP 2002315052A JP 2004114151 A JP2004114151 A JP 2004114151A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
mold
magnesium
layer
sulfide
injection molding
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Pending
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JP2002315052A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shuichi Takizawa
滝澤 秀一
Junichi Yamamoto
山本 潤一
Shinichi Yasuzawa
安澤 真一
Hiroo Nomura
野村 博郎
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MATSUYAMA GIKEN KK
Nagano Prefecture
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MATSUYAMA GIKEN KK
Nagano Prefecture
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Priority to JP2002315052A priority Critical patent/JP2004114151A/en
Publication of JP2004114151A publication Critical patent/JP2004114151A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface treatment mold of a material equivalent to generally, widely used SKD 61 in which seizure resistance and the mold releasability of the object to be molded are improved, and the improvement of the service life and the reduction of a release agent sprayed on molding to be used are possible by reducing the wettability between its surface and the molten metal of magnesium in die casting or injection molding for a magnesium alloy. <P>SOLUTION: The surface of a mold for die casting or injection molding to a magnesium material, formed of a material equivalent to SKD 61 is subjected to gas nitrosulfurizing treatment under suitable conditions. Thus, a sulfide layer having excellent adhesion with a base material and low wettability with the molten metal of magnesium is formed on the outermost surface of the mold without requiring a complicated process. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、マグネシウム材をダイカスト又は射出成形により成形するときに用いる金型に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】近年、マグネシウム材(マグネシウム及びその合金を意味する。)をダイカストや射出成形により成形した部材が、携帯性の向上に有利な軽量性、あるいは優れた放熱性、電磁シールド性などの特性により、家電機器、OA機器などを中心に広く利用されている。また、自転車用フレームや自動車用部品など、高い比強度を利用した構造材料としても採用されている。さらに、環境問題の高まりにより、金属材料としての優れたリサイクル性が注目され、従来プラスチックで製造されていた部品が、マグネシウム合金に置き換わる例が見られる。このような状況により、マグネシウム合金の需要が高まっている。
【0003】上記の製品例のような大量生産を前提としたマグネシウム材の加工法としては、マグネシウム材が冷間での塑性加工性に劣ることから、ダイカストあるいは射出成形などによる金型鋳造法が一般的である。マグネシウム材のダイカストや射出成形に用いる金型としては、高温強度、耐衝撃特性、寸法安定性、コストなどの観点から、一般に、JIS鋼種のSKD61相当材を成形、加工したものが用いられている。しかし、マグネシウム材を溶解したマグネシウム溶湯は、非常に活性で且つ、被成形物は軽量化のための薄肉製品が主流であることから、金型への充填性を確保するために、成形条件が高温、高圧、高速となり、金型表面との反応が促進されやすい条件にある。このとき、金型表面とマグネシウム溶湯との反応を抑えるためには、両者の濡れ性が低いことが有利であり、加えて、両者の濡れ性を低下させると、被成形物の型離れ抵抗が低くなり離型性を向上させる効果がある。本来、鉄系材料であるSKD61材は、マグネシウム溶湯との濡れ性が比較的低い材料であるが、このような過酷な成形条件下でマグネシウム材の成形を行うと、マグネシウム溶湯と金型材が早期に反応して、金型を浸食したり焼き付きを起こしてしまう。その結果、金型の寿命が低下するという問題があった。同時に、被成形物の離型性の確保のためには離型剤の使用が不可欠であり、離型剤の使用に伴う設備の停止や金型温度の低下による作業能率及び歩留まりの低下、さらには工場内の作業環境の悪化が避けられなかった。
【0004】SKD61相当材で成形された金型の長寿命化の対策としては、金型の表面に各種の窒化処理(塩浴軟窒化処理、ガス軟窒化処理、イオン窒化処理など)を施し、金型の硬度を高めて且つ、表面処理層に適度な圧縮残留応力を付与することで、熱衝撃などによる金型の損傷を遅らせることが行われている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、通常の窒化処理のみでは、表面の硬化及び適度な圧縮応力の発生によって金型の耐熱衝撃性などが向上し、寿命の改善にある程度効果があるものの、金型表面とマグネシウム溶湯との濡れ性がほとんど変化しないため、金型の焼き付きや被成形物の離型性の改善には十分な効果が得られなかった。
【0006】そこで、本発明の目的は、成形金型用材料としてのSKD61相当材の優れた点を生かしながら、この材料を用いた金型へのマグネシウム溶湯の焼き付きを防いで耐久性を向上させるとともに、被成形物との濡れ性を低下させ離型性を改善することで、作業時の離型剤の使用を抑えうる金型を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】上掲の目的実現に向けた研究の中で、発明者らは、SKD61相当材の調質材に、緻密な窒素層に加えて、その上に窒化層との密着性に優れた硫化物層を有する浸硫窒化処理被膜を形成させることが有効であるとの知見を得て、本発明を開発するに到った。
【0008】即ち、本発明は、SKD61材の調質材を金型に加工した後、適切なガス浸硫窒化処理を施すことにより、完成品たる金型の表面に、緻密な窒素化合物層及び窒素拡散硬化層を形成し、さらに、最表面には潤滑作用があり、マグネシウム溶湯との濡れ性が低い硫化物層を有する浸硫窒化処理被膜を形成する。これにより、表面硬度の上昇及び適度な圧縮応力の付与に加えて、金型表面とマグネシウム溶湯の濡れ性の低下を図り、マグネシウム材のダイカスト又は射出成形において、金型に良好な耐焼き付き性と被成形物の離型性を、ただ一度の処理で付与することを特徴とする。
【0009】本発明によれば、マグネシウム材のダイカスト又は射出成形の成形用として広く用いられているSKD61相当材を使用し、従来の窒化処理に変えて適切なガス浸硫窒化処理を施すことで、複雑な工程や後加工を必要とせずに、優れた耐焼き付き性と被成形物の離型性を有する金型を提供することが可能となる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】以下、この発明の実施形態を説明する。この発明に係る浸硫窒化処理皮膜を有する金型とは、母材にSKD61材を用い、これを調質して金型の形状に加工した後、窒素雰囲気ガスにガス状の硫化物を添加した浸硫窒化雰囲気中において、熱処理処理を行い、金型全体又は金型のマグネシウム溶湯と接触する部分に浸硫窒化処理皮膜を形成したものである。
【0011】この処理によって得られた浸硫窒化処理皮膜は、図1に示す通り、最表面に潤滑作用に優れ母材との密着性の良好な軟質の硫化物層を有しており、さらに、その下層には、緻密な窒素化合物層及び窒素拡散硬化層を有していることを特徴とする。
【0012】本処理における窒素化合物層及び窒素拡散硬化層は、高い硬度と適度な圧縮応力により金型の耐久性を高める一方、いわゆる白層と呼ばれる脆い化合物層を持たないため硫化物層との密着性に優れている。
【0013】金型の最表面に形成された硫化物層は、固体潤滑作用を持ちマグネシウム溶湯との濡れ性が低いため、マグネシウム材の成形において、被成形物と金型表面との離型性向上に寄与している。
【0014】なお、一般の浸硫窒化処理では、白層と呼ばれる脆い化合物層が生成するため、耐衝撃性、耐チッピング性に劣り、硫化物層の密着性が十分ではないことから、潤滑性に優れた硫化物層を有していながら短期間で硫化物層が剥離してしまい、硫化物層の特性を十分生かすことができなかった。本発明に用いたガス浸硫窒化法によれば、脆い白層の生成がないため、硫化物層の密着性に優れ、硫化物層の剥離に対しても優れた特性を示す。
【0015】
【実施例】本発明の効果を評価するために、上記のガス浸硫窒化処理皮膜とマグネシウム溶湯との濡れ性を調査した。まず、母材のSKD61材を直径10mmの円盤状に加工し、中心にマグネシウム溶湯を押し出すための直径0.5mmの貫通穴を開け、その片面に上記のガス浸硫窒化処理を施した。さらに、比較のためにガス軟窒化および各種セラミック系コーティング処理を施したものを用意した。これらを試験片とし、高純度アルゴン中で750℃に加熱したマグネシウム溶湯との濡れ性を、押出し液適法で比較した。マグネシウム材には、現在ダイカスト又は射出成形において主流となっているAZ91Dを用いた。その結果、図2に示すようにガス浸硫窒化処理を施したものが、他の表面処理と比べて最も濡れ性が低かった。このことは、マグネシウム材のダイカスト又は射出成形において、上記の浸硫窒化処理皮膜が他の表面処理皮膜に比べて、金型の耐焼き付き性及び被成形物の離型性に対して優れた特性を有することを示している。
【0016】
【発明の効果】本発明による金型をマグネシウム材のダイカスト又は射出成形に用いることで、従来のSKD61相当材又は、その窒化処理材に比べて、金型の成形面における耐焼き付き性及び被成形物の離型性が向上する。その結果、金型の寿命が向上すると共に、離型剤の使用量を減少させることが可能になる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の方法によって、SKD61相当材の表面に形成した硫化物層、窒素化合物層及び窒素拡散硬化層を模式的に示す断面図である。
【図2】SKD61相当材に施した各種表面処理皮膜とマグネシウム溶湯との濡れ性試験結果を示す。
【符号の説明】
1 SKD61相当材
2 窒素拡散硬化層
3 窒素化合物層
4 硫化物層
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mold used for molding a magnesium material by die casting or injection molding.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a member obtained by molding a magnesium material (which means magnesium and its alloys) by die casting or injection molding has a light weight which is advantageous for improving portability, or has excellent heat radiation and electromagnetic shielding properties. Due to the characteristics described above, it is widely used mainly in home electric appliances and OA appliances. It is also used as a structural material utilizing high specific strength, such as bicycle frames and automobile parts. Furthermore, due to the increasing environmental problems, excellent recyclability as a metal material has attracted attention, and there have been examples in which parts made of conventional plastics are replaced with magnesium alloys. Under such circumstances, demand for magnesium alloys is increasing.
[0003] As a method of processing a magnesium material on the premise of mass production as in the above product example, a die casting method such as die casting or injection molding is used because the magnesium material is inferior in plastic workability in a cold state. General. As a die used for die casting and injection molding of a magnesium material, a mold formed and processed from a material equivalent to JIS steel type SKD61 is generally used from the viewpoint of high-temperature strength, impact resistance, dimensional stability, cost, and the like. . However, since the molten magnesium in which the magnesium material is dissolved is very active, and the molded article is mainly made of a thin-walled product for reducing the weight, molding conditions are required to ensure the filling property of the mold. The conditions are high temperature, high pressure and high speed, and the reaction with the mold surface is easily promoted. At this time, in order to suppress the reaction between the mold surface and the molten magnesium, it is advantageous that the wettability of both is low. In addition, when the wettability of both is reduced, the mold separation resistance of the molded object is reduced. This has the effect of lowering the release properties and improving the releasability. Originally, the SKD61 material, which is an iron-based material, is a material having relatively low wettability with a molten magnesium. However, when the magnesium material is molded under such severe molding conditions, the magnesium molten metal and the mold material are rapidly reduced. Erosion or seizure of the mold. As a result, there is a problem that the life of the mold is reduced. At the same time, the use of a mold release agent is indispensable to ensure the mold releasability of the molded object. Inevitably, the work environment in the factory deteriorated.
As a measure for extending the life of a mold formed of a material equivalent to SKD61, various nitriding treatments (salt bath nitrocarburizing treatment, gas nitrocarburizing treatment, ion nitriding treatment, etc.) are applied to the surface of the mold. By increasing the hardness of a mold and applying an appropriate compressive residual stress to a surface treatment layer, the damage of the mold due to thermal shock or the like is delayed.
[0005]
However, the ordinary nitriding treatment alone improves the heat shock resistance of the mold due to the hardening of the surface and the generation of an appropriate compressive stress, and has a certain effect on the improvement of the service life. Since the wettability between the mold surface and the molten magnesium hardly changes, a sufficient effect was not obtained for the seizure of the mold and the improvement of the releasability of the molded object.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve the durability by preventing seizure of molten magnesium on a mold using this material while taking advantage of the excellent features of a material equivalent to SKD61 as a material for a molding die. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a mold capable of suppressing the use of a release agent during work by reducing the wettability with a molded object and improving the releasability.
[0007]
Means for Solving the Problems In the research for realizing the above-mentioned object, the inventors of the present invention have found that in addition to a dense nitrogen layer, a nitrided layer The present inventors have found that it is effective to form a sulfide-nitrided film having a sulfide layer having excellent adhesion, and have developed the present invention.
That is, according to the present invention, after a tempered material of SKD61 material is processed into a mold, an appropriate gas sulfide-nitridation treatment is applied thereto, so that a dense nitrogen compound layer and A nitrogen diffusion hardened layer is formed, and a sulfide-nitrided film having a sulfide layer having a lubricating action on the outermost surface and having low wettability with a molten magnesium is formed. Thereby, in addition to increasing the surface hardness and imparting an appropriate compressive stress, the wettability between the mold surface and the molten magnesium is reduced, and in the die casting or injection molding of the magnesium material, good seizure resistance is given to the mold. It is characterized in that the releasability of the molded article is imparted by a single process.
According to the present invention, a material equivalent to SKD61, which is widely used for die casting or injection molding of a magnesium material, is used, and an appropriate gas sulfide nitriding treatment is performed instead of the conventional nitriding treatment. In addition, it is possible to provide a mold having excellent seizure resistance and releasability of a molded object without requiring complicated steps and post-processing.
[0010]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The mold having the oxynitrided film according to the present invention is a mold having a SKD61 material as a base material, tempering the material, processing the mold into a mold shape, and then adding gaseous sulfide to a nitrogen atmosphere gas. In the oxynitriding atmosphere, heat treatment is performed to form an oxynitrided film on the entire mold or on the portion of the mold that comes into contact with the molten magnesium.
As shown in FIG. 1, the nitrosulphurized film obtained by this treatment has a soft sulfide layer on the outermost surface which has excellent lubrication and good adhesion to the base material. Underneath, a dense nitrogen compound layer and a nitrogen diffusion hardened layer are provided.
In the present treatment, the nitrogen compound layer and the nitrogen diffusion hardened layer increase the durability of the mold by high hardness and moderate compressive stress, but do not have a brittle compound layer called a so-called white layer. Excellent adhesion.
[0013] The sulfide layer formed on the outermost surface of the mold has a solid lubricating action and low wettability with the molten magnesium. It contributes to improvement.
[0014] In a general nitrosulphurizing treatment, a brittle compound layer called a white layer is formed, which is inferior in impact resistance and chipping resistance, and has insufficient lubricity due to insufficient adhesion of the sulfide layer. The sulfide layer peeled off in a short period of time even though it had an excellent sulfide layer, and the characteristics of the sulfide layer could not be fully utilized. According to the gas sulfide nitriding method used in the present invention, there is no generation of a brittle white layer, so that the sulfide layer has excellent adhesion and excellent properties against peeling of the sulfide layer.
[0015]
EXAMPLES In order to evaluate the effects of the present invention, the wettability between the above-mentioned gas sulfide-nitrided film and the molten magnesium was investigated. First, the SKD61 base material was machined into a disk shape having a diameter of 10 mm, a through hole having a diameter of 0.5 mm was formed at the center for extruding a molten magnesium, and one surface of the through hole was subjected to the above-mentioned gas sulfide nitriding treatment. Further, for comparison, those subjected to gas soft nitriding and various ceramic coating treatments were prepared. These were used as test pieces, and wettability with a magnesium melt heated to 750 ° C. in high-purity argon was compared by an extruded liquid method. As the magnesium material, AZ91D which is currently used in die casting or injection molding is used. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the one subjected to the gas sulfide nitriding treatment had the lowest wettability as compared with other surface treatments. This indicates that, in die casting or injection molding of a magnesium material, the above-mentioned nitrosulphurized film has superior characteristics to the seizure resistance of the mold and the releasability of the molded product, as compared with other surface-treated films. Has been shown.
[0016]
By using the mold according to the present invention for die-casting or injection-molding a magnesium material, the seizure resistance on the molding surface of the mold and the formation of the molded product can be reduced as compared with the conventional SKD61 equivalent material or its nitriding material. The releasability of the object is improved. As a result, the life of the mold is improved, and the amount of the release agent used can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a sulfide layer, a nitrogen compound layer, and a nitrogen diffusion hardened layer formed on the surface of a material equivalent to SKD61 by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the results of a wettability test between various surface treatment films applied to a material equivalent to SKD61 and a molten magnesium.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 SKD61 equivalent material 2 Nitrogen diffusion hardened layer 3 Nitrogen compound layer 4 Sulfide layer

Claims (2)

JIS鋼種SKD61相当材により形成され、表面に高い硬度と適度な圧縮残留応力を有する緻密な窒素化合物層及び窒素拡散硬化層に加えて、最表面にマグネシウム溶湯との濡れ性の低い硫化物層が形成されていることを特徴とする、マグネシウム材のダイカスト又は射出成形用金型。In addition to a dense nitrogen compound layer and a nitrogen diffusion hardened layer that are formed of JIS steel type SKD61 equivalent material and have high hardness and moderate compressive residual stress on the surface, a sulfide layer with low wettability with molten magnesium is provided on the outermost surface. A die for magnesium material or a die for injection molding characterized by being formed. 上記窒素化合物層、窒素拡散硬化層及び硫化物層の形成方法が、ガス浸硫窒化処理法であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載のマグネシウム材のダイカスト又は射出成形用金型。The die for magnesium material die casting or injection molding according to claim 1, wherein the method of forming the nitrogen compound layer, the nitrogen diffusion hardened layer and the sulfide layer is a gas sulfide nitriding treatment method.
JP2002315052A 2002-09-24 2002-09-24 Surface treatment mold for molding magnesium alloy Pending JP2004114151A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009151139A1 (en) 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 新日本製鐵株式会社 Method of casting iron-based alloy in semi-melted or semi-hardened state and mold for casting
JP2016060939A (en) * 2014-09-17 2016-04-25 株式会社ソディック Method for reinforcing die, and reinforced die
JP2021016894A (en) * 2019-07-24 2021-02-15 Rtm 株式会社 Surface treatment method for cooling hole of mold

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009151139A1 (en) 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 新日本製鐵株式会社 Method of casting iron-based alloy in semi-melted or semi-hardened state and mold for casting
KR101286842B1 (en) 2008-06-13 2013-07-17 신닛테츠스미킨 카부시키카이샤 Method of casting iron-based alloy in semi-melted or semi-hardened state and mold for casting
US9022093B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2015-05-05 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Corporation Method of casting semi-liquid or semi-solid iron-based alloy and die for casting
JP2016060939A (en) * 2014-09-17 2016-04-25 株式会社ソディック Method for reinforcing die, and reinforced die
JP2021016894A (en) * 2019-07-24 2021-02-15 Rtm 株式会社 Surface treatment method for cooling hole of mold

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