JP2004114115A - Hydroforming method and hydroforming device - Google Patents

Hydroforming method and hydroforming device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004114115A
JP2004114115A JP2002282357A JP2002282357A JP2004114115A JP 2004114115 A JP2004114115 A JP 2004114115A JP 2002282357 A JP2002282357 A JP 2002282357A JP 2002282357 A JP2002282357 A JP 2002282357A JP 2004114115 A JP2004114115 A JP 2004114115A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hydroforming
mold
die
pipe
processing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP2002282357A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toru Yoshida
吉田 亨
Toshio Kikuma
菊間 敏夫
Yukihisa Kuriyama
栗山 幸久
Masaaki Mizumura
水村 正昭
Keinosuke Iguchi
井口 敬之助
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Steel Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Steel Corp filed Critical Nippon Steel Corp
Priority to JP2002282357A priority Critical patent/JP2004114115A/en
Publication of JP2004114115A publication Critical patent/JP2004114115A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroforming method and a hydroforming device for easily improving the workability in the hydroform molding. <P>SOLUTION: In the hydroform working method in which a metal pipe 1 is fitted in a die 2, the metal pipe 1 is subjected to the internal pressure and worked in a predetermined shape while being pressed in the axial direction of the pipe, a shaft-inserting and pressing cylinder head 3 and/or the die 2 are worked while applying the ultrasonic oscillation to the head 3 and/or the die 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は自動車用部品等の製造に用いられる部品を製造するためのハイドロフォ−ム加工方法及び装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鋼管を素材とするハイドロフォ−ム成形において、従来に比べ加工限界を向上した装置を提供することを目的として、圧力を周期的に変動させるハンマリング機構を圧液供給機構とは別に設け、加工圧(高圧圧力)を振動させながら加工する装置が開示されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。ハンマリング機構の具体例として、実施例ではモータでカムを回転させ圧力の周期的変動を制御する装置が開示されている。このハンマリング機構により圧力を周期的に変動させ、素材〜金型間の面圧力を瞬間的に低減させ、その間に軸押しを行うことを特徴とする発明である。面圧低下にともなう摩擦低減効果を利用して特に膨出部における亀裂発生防止することを特徴とし、圧力振動の振動数は数Hzから数十Hzが好ましいことが記載されている。
【0003】
また、板材の成形方法である対向液圧成形において深絞り限界を向上した加工方法および装置を提供することを目的として、ポンチ・ダイス・しわ押さえを使った対向液圧成形において、ポンチまたはダイスに機械的な振動を加えることを特徴とする液圧絞り加工方法及び装置が開示され、さらに、ダイスまたはしわ押さえに超音波振動を加えると効果が大きいことが記載されている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。この発明は液圧室の潤滑液の圧力が加工中に上昇した際に、ポンチなどに機械的振動を加えることにより素材のフランジ部とダイス間に隙間を生じさせ、更に超音波振動により素材とダイス間に隙間を形成させるので、潤滑液が容易に前進し、荷重低下時に素材〜金型間の微小隙間に潤滑液が入り込み易くなることで摩擦が低減し、それにより小さな加工力で、より深く絞れるようになることを特徴とするものである。この特許文献2の明細書中には、ポンチまたはダイスに与える機械的な振動は振幅0.5mm以上、振動数5〜80Hzが好ましく、ダイスまたはしわ押さえに与える超音波振動は21kHz、出力24kWと記載されている。
【0004】
しかし、特許文献1に記載された発明は、ハイドロフォ−ム成形においてハンマリング機構として、圧液供給機構とは別に液圧を周期的に変動させるピストンポンプのような別の装置が必要であり、装置が複雑になるという問題がある。
また、特許文献2に記載された発明は、機械的振動と超音波振動の両者を必須とする点でやはり装置が複雑になり、そもそも対向液圧成形を対象として、潤滑液を素材とダイス等の隙間に圧入させることを目的とした発明であり、ハイドロフォーム成形において容易に加工性を改善することについて何も記載されていない。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−212629号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平7−132330号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、ハイドロフォーム成形において、容易に加工性を改善することのできるハイドロフォーム加工方法及び装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
係る課題を解決するため、本発明の要旨とするところは下記のとおりである。(1)金属管を金型内に装着し、前記金属管に内圧を付与し管軸方向に押し込みつつ所定の形状に加工するハイドロフォーム加工方法において、軸押しシリンダヘッド及び/又は前記金型に超音波振動を加えながら加工することを特徴とするハイドロフォーム加工方法。
(2)金属管を金型内に装着し、前記金属管に内圧を付与し管軸方向に押し込みつつ所定の形状に加工するハイドロフォーム加工装置において、前記金属管の管端を保持する軸押しシリンダヘッド及び/又は前記金型に超音波振動を加える超音波加振手段を有することを特徴とするハイドロフォーム加工装置。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明者らはハイドロフォーム成形の加工性を改善するために研究開発を行い、加工過程において常に超音波による微小振動を与えることで素材〜金型間のすべりの固着を防止できることを知見した。静摩擦係数に比べ動摩擦係数の方が摩擦係数が低減するため、ハイドロフォーム成形時に常に動摩擦となるような微小振動を軸押しシリンダヘッド及び/又は金型に与えながら加工することで、素材〜金型間の摩擦抵抗が減少し、加工性が向上する。
超音波振動を付与するのは軸押しシリンダヘッド、金型の一方又は双方の何れでも本発明の効果を得ることができる。
【0009】
【実施例】
以下、実施例に基づいて本発明を説明する。
本発明例の加工装置の構成は図1に示すように、管1を収容する成形金型2と管1の端部を軸方向から押し込む左右一対の軸押しシリンダ5及び軸押しシリンダヘッド3を備え、その軸押しシリンダヘッド3の片側には管内部に増圧機から供給される高圧流体を送り込む流路4を有している点は、従来の加工装置と同様である。本発明では従来構成に対し、左右一対の軸押しシリンダヘッド3に超音波振動子6を取り付け、軸押し方向に超音波振動を加えるようになっている。超音波振動装置のパワ−は20kHz、40kWである。
一方、比較例として本発明例の装置から超音波振動子を外したものを用いた。上記の装置を用いて以下の条件にてハイドロフォ−ム加工実験を行った。
【0010】
<実験条件>
・素材:機械構造用鋼管STKM11A(外径φ63.5mm×板厚2.3mm)
・金型:図2に示すような最大拡管率1.9の膨張部を有する角断面形状
尚、最大拡管率=(加工後の最大外周)/(加工前の外周)とした。
・加工条件:図3に示すような負荷経路で管に内圧と軸押しを加えた。
軸押し量S=60mm(一定)
内圧 Pi:34MPa
Pf:37MPa(条件1),40MPa(条件2),43MPa(条件3)Pm:100MPa
【0011】
<実験結果>
比較例では全ての条件において必要最大圧力Pmに達する前に膨張部でバーストを起こしたが、本発明例の場合は条件1、2において必要最大圧力まで負荷でき、最終形状まで加工することができた。
成形品の膨張部の最大拡管率を測定した結果を図4に示す。条件3においても、比較例の最大拡管率は1.4であったのに対し、本発明例では1.8まで向上した。本発明例では従来法に比べ大幅に最大拡管率が向上し、従来法では不可能であった形状の部品をハイドロフォ−ムで加工することが可能になった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明によるハイドロフォ−ム加工装置および加工方法の基本構成を説明する断面図である。
【図2】(1)本発明によるハイドロフォ−ム加工実験に用いた加工前の金型と管の形状を説明する断面図である。(2)加工後の金型と管の形状を説明する断面図である。
【図3】本発明によるハイドロフォ−ム加工実験において使用した加工条件の説明図である。
【図4】本発明によるハイドロフォ−ム加工実験において加工された成形品の最大拡管率を測定した結果である。
【符号の説明】
1 管                2 金型
3 軸押しシリンダヘッド       4 流路
5 軸押しシリンダ          6 超音波振動子
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hydroforming method and apparatus for manufacturing parts used for manufacturing automobile parts and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For the purpose of providing a machine with improved working limit compared to the conventional one in the hydroform forming using steel pipe as a raw material, a hammering mechanism that periodically fluctuates the pressure is provided separately from the pressure liquid supply mechanism. An apparatus for processing while vibrating pressure (high pressure) is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1). As a specific example of the hammering mechanism, the embodiment discloses a device that controls the periodic fluctuation of pressure by rotating a cam with a motor. The invention is characterized in that the pressure is periodically fluctuated by this hammering mechanism, the surface pressure between the material and the mold is instantaneously reduced, and axial pressing is performed during the period. It is characterized by preventing the occurrence of cracks particularly at the bulging portion by utilizing the friction reduction effect accompanying the decrease in the surface pressure, and describes that the frequency of the pressure vibration is preferably several Hz to several tens Hz.
[0003]
In addition, in order to provide a processing method and an apparatus in which the deep drawing limit is improved in the facing hydraulic forming which is a forming method of the plate material, in the facing hydraulic forming using the punch, the die and the wrinkle holder, the punch or the die is used. A hydraulic drawing method and apparatus characterized by applying mechanical vibration is disclosed, and furthermore, it is described that applying ultrasonic vibration to a die or wrinkle holder is effective (for example, Patent Document 2). reference). According to the present invention, when the pressure of the lubricating liquid in the hydraulic chamber rises during processing, a gap is generated between the flange portion of the material and the die by applying mechanical vibration to the punch and the like, and further, the ultrasonic vibration is applied to the material. Since a gap is formed between the dies, the lubricating liquid easily advances, and when the load decreases, the lubricating liquid easily enters the minute gap between the material and the mold, thereby reducing the friction and thereby reducing the processing force. It is characterized by being able to squeeze deeply. In the specification of Patent Document 2, the mechanical vibration applied to the punch or the die is preferably 0.5 mm or more in amplitude and the frequency is preferably 5 to 80 Hz. The ultrasonic vibration applied to the die or the wrinkle holder is 21 kHz and the output is 24 kW. Has been described.
[0004]
However, the invention described in Patent Literature 1 requires another device such as a piston pump that periodically fluctuates the fluid pressure as a hammering mechanism in the hydroforming, separately from the pressurized fluid supply mechanism. However, there is a problem that the device becomes complicated.
In addition, the invention described in Patent Document 2 also requires a complicated device in that both mechanical vibration and ultrasonic vibration are essential, and in the first place, the lubricating liquid is applied to the material and the dies etc. This is an invention aimed at press-fitting into a gap, and nothing is described about easily improving workability in hydroform molding.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-212629 A [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-7-132330
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a hydroform processing method and apparatus which can easily improve workability in hydroform molding.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention to solve such a problem is as follows. (1) In a hydroforming method in which a metal tube is mounted in a mold, an internal pressure is applied to the metal tube, and the metal tube is pressed in the tube axis direction and processed into a predetermined shape. A hydroforming method characterized by processing while applying ultrasonic vibration.
(2) In a hydroforming apparatus in which a metal pipe is mounted in a mold, an internal pressure is applied to the metal pipe, and the metal pipe is pressed in the pipe axis direction and processed into a predetermined shape, a shaft pushing for holding a pipe end of the metal pipe. A hydroforming apparatus comprising: an ultrasonic vibrating means for applying ultrasonic vibration to a cylinder head and / or the mold.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present inventors have conducted research and development to improve the workability of hydroform molding, and have found that by always applying micro-vibration by ultrasonic waves during the working process, it is possible to prevent slip and sticking between the material and the mold. Since the coefficient of kinetic friction is lower than the coefficient of static friction, the raw material and the mold can be processed by applying micro-vibration to the shaft-pressing cylinder head and / or the mold that always produces dynamic friction during hydroform molding. The frictional resistance between them is reduced, and the workability is improved.
The effects of the present invention can be obtained by applying ultrasonic vibration to either or both of the axially pushing cylinder head and the mold.
[0009]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the configuration of the processing apparatus according to the present invention includes a pair of left and right axial pushing cylinders 5 and an axial pushing cylinder head 3 for pushing an end portion of the molding die 2 for accommodating the tube 1 from the axial direction. It is the same as a conventional processing apparatus in that a flow path 4 for feeding a high-pressure fluid supplied from a pressure intensifier into the inside of a pipe is provided on one side of the axial pushing cylinder head 3. In the present invention, an ultrasonic vibrator 6 is attached to a pair of left and right axial pushing cylinder heads 3 to apply ultrasonic vibration in the axial pushing direction to the conventional configuration. The power of the ultrasonic vibration device is 20 kHz and 40 kW.
On the other hand, as a comparative example, an apparatus in which the ultrasonic transducer was removed from the apparatus of the present invention was used. Using the apparatus described above, a hydroforming processing experiment was performed under the following conditions.
[0010]
<Experiment conditions>
・ Material: STKM11A steel tube for machine structure (outer diameter φ63.5mm x sheet thickness 2.3mm)
Die: Square cross-sectional shape having an expanded portion with a maximum expansion rate of 1.9 as shown in FIG. 2. Maximum expansion rate = (maximum outer circumference after processing) / (outer circumference before processing).
Processing conditions: Internal pressure and axial pressing were applied to the pipe in a load path as shown in FIG.
Axial pushing amount S = 60mm (constant)
Internal pressure Pi: 34MPa
Pf: 37 MPa (condition 1), 40 MPa (condition 2), 43 MPa (condition 3) Pm: 100 MPa
[0011]
<Experimental results>
In the comparative example, a burst occurred in the inflated portion before reaching the required maximum pressure Pm under all conditions. However, in the case of the present invention, it was possible to load up to the required maximum pressure under the conditions 1 and 2, and to process to the final shape. Was.
FIG. 4 shows the result of measuring the maximum expansion ratio of the expanded portion of the molded product. Under condition 3, the maximum expansion ratio of the comparative example was 1.4, whereas the maximum expansion ratio of the comparative example was improved to 1.8. In the example of the present invention, the maximum pipe expansion ratio is greatly improved as compared with the conventional method, and it becomes possible to process parts having a shape which was impossible with the conventional method by using a hydroform.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a basic configuration of a hydroform processing apparatus and a processing method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 (1) is a cross-sectional view illustrating the shapes of a mold and a tube before processing used in a hydroforming processing experiment according to the present invention. (2) It is sectional drawing explaining the shape of the metal mold | die and tube after processing.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of processing conditions used in a hydroform processing experiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a result of measuring a maximum pipe expansion ratio of a molded product processed in a hydroform processing experiment according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tube 2 Die 3 Axle pushing cylinder head 4 Flow path 5 Axial pushing cylinder 6 Ultrasonic vibrator

Claims (2)

金属管を金型内に装着し、前記金属管に内圧を付与し管軸方向に押し込みつつ所定の形状に加工するハイドロフォーム加工方法において、軸押しシリンダヘッド及び/又は前記金型に超音波振動を加えながら加工することを特徴とするハイドロフォーム加工方法。In a hydroforming method in which a metal tube is mounted in a mold, an internal pressure is applied to the metal tube, and the metal tube is pressed in the tube axis direction and machined into a predetermined shape, an ultrasonic vibration is applied to the shaft-pressing cylinder head and / or the mold. A hydroforming method characterized by processing while adding water. 金属管を金型内に装着し、前記金属管に内圧を付与し管軸方向に押し込みつつ所定の形状に加工するハイドロフォーム加工装置において、前記金属管の管端を保持する軸押しシリンダヘッド及び/又は前記金型に超音波振動を加える超音波加振手段を有することを特徴とするハイドロフォーム加工装置。A hydroforming apparatus for mounting a metal pipe in a mold, applying an internal pressure to the metal pipe, and pressing the metal pipe in a pipe axial direction to form the metal pipe into a predetermined shape. And / or a hydroforming apparatus having an ultrasonic vibration means for applying ultrasonic vibration to the mold.
JP2002282357A 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Hydroforming method and hydroforming device Withdrawn JP2004114115A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006264444A (en) * 2005-03-23 2006-10-05 Showa Denko Kk Steering support beam and manufacturing method
JP2006264469A (en) * 2005-03-23 2006-10-05 Showa Denko Kk Steering support beam and manufacturing method thereof
JP2006306248A (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-09 Showa Denko Kk Steering support beam and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006264444A (en) * 2005-03-23 2006-10-05 Showa Denko Kk Steering support beam and manufacturing method
JP2006264469A (en) * 2005-03-23 2006-10-05 Showa Denko Kk Steering support beam and manufacturing method thereof
JP4664103B2 (en) * 2005-03-23 2011-04-06 昭和電工株式会社 Steering support beam and manufacturing method thereof
JP2006306248A (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-09 Showa Denko Kk Steering support beam and manufacturing method thereof

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