JP2004108272A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor having a reed valve type inflow side one-way valve of a relatively simple constitution. <P>SOLUTION: This compressor is provided with a cylinder body 51 having a cylinder space 50a of a cylindrical form, a cylinder head 52 installed to cover the cylinder space, a piston 53 engaged and disposed in the cylinder space, and an intake reed valve 64 to cover an intake hole 52a to be capable of opening and closing it. The intake reed valve is composed by forming a valve plate held between mutually facing surfaces of the cylinder body and the cylinder head into a tongue-like form extended from a support base part positioned on the outer circumferential side inward diametrically to overhang. When the valve plate is held by the cylinder body and the cylinder head, the reed valve covers the intake hole, and the intake hole is opened as the reed valve is elastically deformed into the cylinder space around the support base part by negative pressure in the cylinder space. A stopper surface 51b to prevent excessive elastic deformation of the intake reed valve is provided in a circumferential edge part of the cylinder space in the cylinder body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a compressor for compressing and supplying a fluid (mainly gas) such as air, and more particularly, to a piston type compressor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art A piston type compressor for compressing and supplying a fluid such as air has been conventionally known. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-54909 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-65181 disclose a piston type compressor for a refrigeration system. It has been disclosed. It is also known to use an air compressor for a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine. For example, Japanese Patent No. 2820782 discloses a piston type air pump (compression) for supplying compressed air to an air fuel injection device of a two-cycle engine. Machine) is disclosed.
[0003]
In such a piston-type compressor, a cylinder head is attached to an upper end surface of a cylinder body having a cylindrical cylinder space so as to cover the cylinder space, and a piston is slidably fitted in the cylinder space. The intake and exhaust valves are provided on the cylinder head. The intake valve is a one-way valve that is openably and closably provided in the inflow passage connected to the fluid supply source and allows only the flow of the fluid flowing into the cylinder space. The exhaust valve is opened and closed in the outflow passage connected to the fluid supply destination. It consists of a one-way valve which is provided to allow only the flow of fluid out of the cylinder space. As the intake valve and the exhaust valve, a reed valve type made of a thin and flexible metal plate or a poppet for urging and seating a valve body by an urging spring or the like so as to close an inflow or outflow passage. There is a valve type.
[0004]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-22473 discloses a compressor using a reed valve type one-way valve. This compressor is used in an internal combustion engine, and burns through a supercharging valve separate from an intake valve. It is configured to supercharge the pressurized air into the room. In this compressor, the cylinder space is covered by a cylinder body (cylinder case 41) in which a cylindrical cylinder space is formed, and a suction valve holding ring 54, a suction reed valve 55, a reed valve base 56, a discharge reed valve 57, and a cylinder. The heads (caps 58) are attached in an overlapping manner (see FIGS. 9 and 10 in the above-mentioned publication). In the reed valve base 56, a plurality of small holes are formed on the inner diameter side, and a plurality of small holes are formed on the outer diameter side. The suction reed valve 55 is formed with a tongue-shaped lead 55a extending in a radial direction in a cantilever manner from the outer peripheral side, and the tip of the lead 55a covers the suction hole 56a so as to be openable and closable. In addition, the suction reed valve 55 is formed with a long hole 55b communicating with the discharge hole 56b. Further, a circular opening is formed in the discharge reed valve 57 so that the suction hole 56a communicates as it is. Further, a lead 57b is formed on the inner diameter side of the semicircular notch 57a, and the lead 57b is connected to the discharge hole 56a. 56b is openably covered.
[0005]
In this configuration, when the piston 44 fitted and disposed in the cylinder space moves down, the lead 55a of the suction reed valve 55 is elastically deformed toward the cylinder space side to open the suction hole 56a, and the lead 57b of the discharge reed valve 57. Covers the discharge hole 56b and sucks air into the cylinder space via the suction hole 56a. At this time, the suction valve retaining ring 54 plays a role as a stopper for preventing the lead 57b from being excessively elastically deformed. On the other hand, when the piston 44 moves upward, the lead 55a of the suction reed valve 55 covers the suction hole 56a, and the lead 57b of the discharge reed valve 57 elastically deforms upward to open the discharge hole 56b, and through the discharge hole 56b. It discharges while compressing the air in the cylinder space.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such a compressor as described above, the space from the one-way valve in the outflow hole (or passage) to the inside of the cylinder space becomes a dead space at the time of fluid compression due to the reciprocation of the piston, which is one of the causes of a reduction in compression efficiency. There is a problem that. When a reed valve type one-way valve as disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-22473 is used, a dedicated valve retaining ring is used as a stopper for suppressing excessive elastic deformation of the lead 55a of the suction reed valve 55. For example, a plurality of components are required, such as the provision of the valve 54, and there is a problem that the number of components increases and the valve configuration becomes complicated. Further, the lead 55a of the suction reed valve 55 is formed in the shape of four tongues extending in the radial direction from the outer peripheral end, and the discharge hole 56b needs to be disposed between these leads 55a. There is a problem that the arrangement space of 56b is limited.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and a reed valve type inflow one-way valve can be configured with a relatively simple configuration, and the opening and closing characteristics of the one-way valve (reed valve) can be set stably. It is an object of the present invention to provide a compressor having a simple configuration. Another object of the present invention is to provide a compressor having a configuration capable of improving the compression efficiency by reducing the amount of dead space generated by the inflow or outflow passage.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve such an object, in the first aspect of the present invention, a cylinder body (compressor cylinder body) having a cylindrical cylinder space, and a cylinder head (compressor) attached to the cylinder body so as to cover the cylinder space are provided. Machine cylinder head), a piston (compressor piston) slidably fitted in the cylinder space, and a fluid inflow hole formed in the cylinder head in communication with the cylinder space (for example, intake air in the embodiment). The compressor includes a reed valve (for example, the intake reed valve 64 in the embodiment) provided so as to open and close the hole 52a). Then, a valve plate made of a metal plate sandwiched and arranged between the opposing surfaces of the cylinder body and the cylinder head is processed into a tongue shape extending in a radial direction in a cantilever manner from a support base located on the outer peripheral side. A reed valve is configured, and when the valve plate is sandwiched between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, the reed valve covers a fluid inflow hole (for example, the intake hole 52a in the embodiment), and a negative pressure generated in the cylinder space. Accordingly, the reed valve is elastically deformed around the support base into the cylinder space to open the fluid inflow hole. Further, a stopper portion (for example, the stopper surface 51b in the embodiment) for preventing the reed valve from being elastically deformed beyond a predetermined amount around the support base portion is provided on a peripheral portion of the cylinder space in the cylinder body.
[0009]
In the compressor having such a configuration, the reed valve is moved around the support base by the negative pressure generated in the cylinder space when the piston moves downward from the top dead center side to the bottom dead center in the cylinder space. The reed valve is elastically deformed in the space to open the fluid inflow hole.This reed valve is a cantilevered valve plate consisting of a metal plate that is sandwiched between the opposing surfaces of the cylinder body and the cylinder head. It is formed by processing into a tongue piece extending in the inner diameter direction, and has a very simple configuration with a small number of parts. Further, since the reed valve is prevented from being elastically deformed beyond a predetermined amount around the support base by the stopper formed on the peripheral portion of the cylinder body, stable opening / closing characteristics of the reed valve can be set. At this time, since the stopper portion is formed in the cylinder body, a dedicated component is not required, the number of components can be reduced, and the configuration is simplified.
[0010]
Also in the second aspect of the present invention, a cylinder body having a cylindrical cylinder space, a cylinder head mounted on the cylinder body so as to cover the cylinder space, are slidably fitted in the cylinder space. The compressor is provided with a piston and a reed valve provided so as to be able to open and close a fluid inflow hole formed in the cylinder head in communication with the cylinder space. The reed valve is formed by processing a valve plate made of a metal plate sandwiched and disposed in a tongue shape extending in a radial direction in a cantilever manner from a support base positioned on the outer peripheral side, and the reed valve is constituted. The reed valve covers the fluid inflow hole when sandwiched between the cylinder head and the cylinder head, and the reed valve is centered on the support base by the negative pressure generated in the cylinder space. Configured to open the fluid inlet and elastically deformed in the cylinder space Te. In this compressor, a fluid outflow hole (for example, an air communication hole 52b in the embodiment) through which a compressed fluid in a cylinder space flows out is formed in a cylinder head, and a through hole communicating with the fluid outflow hole is formed in a valve plate. A hole (for example, the circular hole 65 in the embodiment) is formed on the opposite side of the reed valve with respect to the center position of the cylinder space, and when the piston moves to the vicinity of the top dead center, the tip surface of the piston Is formed so as to protrude into the fluid outflow hole through the through hole.
[0011]
According to the compressor having such a configuration, similarly to the first aspect, the reed valve is formed by processing a valve plate made of a metal plate into a tongue shape extending in a radial direction in a cantilever manner, The configuration is very simple and requires few parts. Further, a through hole communicating with the fluid outlet hole is formed in the valve plate on the opposite side to the reed valve with respect to the center position of the cylinder space, so that the fluid inlet hole has a margin on the opposite side of the reed valve. The outflow resistance when the compressed fluid flows out is reduced, and the compression efficiency is improved. Further, when the piston moves to the vicinity of the top dead center, the convex portion on the tip end surface of the piston enters the fluid outflow hole through the through hole, so that the fluid in the fluid outflow hole is also compressed by the convex portion. The so-called compression dead space is reduced, and the compression efficiency is further improved.
[0012]
In the compressor according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, a valve plate is provided around the cylinder space on the opposing contact surface between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, and is sandwiched between the opposing contact surfaces on the valve plate. It is preferable to provide a bore bead so that the cylindrical portion rises toward the cylinder head with respect to a portion on the inner peripheral side. By providing the bore bead in this manner, when the reed valve covers the fluid inflow hole, the reed valve is pressed against the fluid inflow hole side and closely adheres to the fluid inflow hole to securely close it. Therefore, the amount of fluid leaking through the reed valve during fluid compression is reduced, and the compression efficiency is improved.
[0013]
In the compressor according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, a valve plate is provided around the cylinder space on the opposing contact surface between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, and the valve plate is provided between the cylinder body and the cylinder head. It is preferable that the cylinder space is sealed to the outside by being sandwiched between the contact surfaces. That is, it is preferable that the valve plate serves both as a gasket structure for sealing the mating surface of the cylinder body and the cylinder head and a seal valve structure for the above-described fluid inflow hole. With such a structure, the number of parts is further reduced. can do.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 4 show a drive device for a motorcycle including a compressor to which the present invention is applied, and the structure of the drive device will be described first. Note that FIGS. 1 and 2 are divided into two portions at the break line portion for convenience of display space, and both drawings show one drawing connected by the break line portion. This driving device includes a single-cylinder engine unit E and a transmission unit TM. The rotational driving force of the crankshaft 16 of the engine unit E is shifted by the transmission unit TM and transmitted to the output drive sprocket SP. The transmission is transmitted from the driving sprocket SP to a rear wheel via a chain (not shown) to drive the rear wheel.
[0015]
First, the engine unit E will be described. The engine portion E includes an engine cylinder body 10 having a cylindrical cylinder inner peripheral surface 10a, an engine cylinder head 12 mounted to cover the upper surface of the engine cylinder body 10, and an axially slidable cylinder inner peripheral surface 10a. A piston 13 movably fitted and arranged in the engine cylinder body 10 and a housing HSG supporting the engine cylinder body 10 extends in a direction orthogonal to the cylinder axis and is rotated by bearings 17a, 17b, 17c. A freely supported crankshaft 16, a distal end 14a is pivotally connected to the piston 13 via a piston pin 13a, and a proximal end 14b is pivotally connected to the crank 16a of the crankshaft 16 via the crankpin 15. And a connecting rod 14.
[0016]
An ignition plug 21 and a fuel injection device 22 are attached to the engine cylinder head 12, and are compressed by the fuel injection device 22 in the combustion chamber 11 surrounded by the engine cylinder head 12 and the piston 13 in the engine cylinder body 10. A mixture of air and fuel is injected to be ignited and burned by the spark plug 12. An intake valve 23 and an exhaust valve 24 are attached to the engine cylinder head 12 by being urged in the closing direction by springs 23a and 24a, as shown in FIG. The passage 12a is opened and closed, and the exhaust valve 24 opens and closes the exhaust passage 12b. Note that an intake manifold 25 is connected to the intake passage 12a, and an exhaust manifold (not shown) is connected to the outlet end 12c of the exhaust passage 12b.
[0017]
The engine section E is composed of a four-stroke type engine. The intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust strokes are performed while the piston 13 reciprocates twice, and the supply / exhaust valves 23 and 24 are opened and closed accordingly. For opening and closing operations of the supply / exhaust valves 23 and 24, a first sprocket 31 is connected to an end of the crankshaft 16 and provided on a camshaft 34 rotatably provided on a side of the engine cylinder body 10. Two sprockets 33 are provided, and a first chain 32 is wound around the first and second sprockets 31 and 33. The number of teeth of the first and second sprockets 31 and 33 is set to 1: 2, and the camshaft 34 is driven to rotate at half the rotation speed of the crankshaft 16. An intake cam portion 34a and an exhaust cam portion 34b are formed on the camshaft 34, and rollers 35b, 36b of cam followers 35, 36 pivotally connected to the engine cylinder body 10 by connecting pins 35a, 36a, respectively. It is in contact with the cam portions 34a and 34b (see FIG. 4).
[0018]
On the other hand, on the upper surface of the engine cylinder head 12, rocker arms 39, 40 for operating supply / exhaust valves are pivotally connected by pivot pins 39a, 40a and are swingably mounted. One end of each of the rocker arms 39, 40 is provided. Push rods 37 and 38 are connected to the cam followers 35 and 36 as shown in FIG. The other ends of the rocker arms 39 and 40 are in contact with the tips of the supply and exhaust valves 23 and 24, and the rocker arms 39 and 40 swing the supply and exhaust valves 23 and 24 against the urging of the springs 23 a and 24 a. You can open it by pushing it down.
[0019]
In the mechanism having the above-described configuration, the camshaft 34 is driven to rotate at a rotation speed that is half the speed of the crankshaft 16, and the cam followers 35 and 36 are accordingly driven once per rotation of the camshaft 34 (that is, the crankshaft is rotated) (Once every two rotations of the shaft 16). In response to this swing, the push rods 37, 38 are reciprocated up and down, the rocker arms 39, 40 are swung through the pivot pins 39a, 40a, and the supply / exhaust valves 23, 24 are provided with springs 23a, 24a. It is depressed and opened against the force to open the intake and exhaust passages 12 a and 12 b with the combustion chamber 11. The cam portions 34a and 34b are set so that the intake valve 23 is opened during the intake stroke and the exhaust valve 24 is opened during the exhaust stroke.
[0020]
Further, a mixture of compressed air and fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 11 from the fuel injection device 22 at a predetermined timing, and this mixture is ignited and burned by the ignition plug 21 to perform a combustion process. At this time, a high-concentration air-fuel mixture is injected from the fuel injection device 22 around the front end ignition portion 21a of the ignition plug 21 to perform efficient combustion, and to perform lean combustion as a whole to improve fuel efficiency. In addition, the exhaust gas can be purified.
[0021]
In order to perform the air-assisted fuel injection as described above, in addition to the fuel injection device 22, fuel supplied from a fuel pump (not shown) via a fuel supply pipe 27a (see FIG. 6) is mixed with the mixing chamber. The fuel supply device 27 includes a fuel supply device 27 that supplies the compressed air into the mixing chamber 28 and a compressor 50 that supplies compressed air into the mixing chamber 28. In the mixing chamber 28, the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device 27 and the compressed air supplied from the compressor 50 are mixed to form a high-concentration air-fuel mixture having a fuel in the form of spray. Is injected into the combustion chamber at a predetermined timing from the injection portion 22a of the fuel injection device 22 using its own internal pressure. A mixing chamber forming hole 26a is formed vertically through a head cover 26 attached to cover the upper surface of the engine cylinder head 12, and a fuel supply device 27 fitted into the mixing chamber forming hole 26a from above and below respectively. And the fuel injection device 22, a mixing chamber 28 is formed.
[0022]
The structure of the compressor 50 and a mechanism for driving the compressor will be described with reference to FIGS. The compressor 50 is integrally connected to the engine cylinder body 10, and has a compressor cylinder body 51 having a cylindrical cylinder inner peripheral surface 51 a, and a compressor mounted so as to cover an upper surface of the compressor cylinder body 51. A cylinder head 52, a compressor piston 53 fitted in the cylinder inner peripheral surface 51a so as to be slidable in the axial direction and disposed in the compressor cylinder body 51, and the compressor piston 53 is connected to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 51a. And a scotch yoke mechanism SY for reciprocating sliding contact in a state of fitting. The scotch yoke mechanism SY is fitted in a sliding hole 54a formed at the tip of a flat piston rod 54 integrally connected to the compressor piston 53 and slidably disposed in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder axis. Eccentric shaft 57 eccentrically formed at the tip of a compressor drive shaft 56 provided on the side of the engine cylinder body 10. The eccentric shaft 57 is rotatable with respect to the slider 55. Fitted and connected. The compressor drive shaft 56 is rotatably supported by the engine cylinder body 10 via bearings 58a and 58b.
[0023]
In such a configuration, when the compressor drive shaft 56 is rotationally driven, the compressor piston 53 can reciprocate while sliding on the cylinder inner peripheral surface 51a by the action of the scotch yoke mechanism SY. To rotate the compressor drive shaft 56, a third sprocket 60 is provided integrally with the second sprocket 33 connected to the camshaft 34, and a fourth sprocket 61 is connected to the compressor drive shaft 56. The second chain 62 is wound around the third and fourth sprockets 60 and 61. The third and fourth sprockets 60 and 61 have the same number of teeth, and both rotate at the same rotational speed as the second sprocket 33. Therefore, the fourth sprocket 61 is rotated at half the rotation speed of the engine crankshaft 16, the compressor drive shaft 56 is also rotated at the same rotation speed, and the compressor piston 53 rotates the engine crankshaft 16 twice. Then one round trip.
[0024]
In response to the reciprocating movement of the compressor piston 53, air is sucked into the cylinder space 50a surrounded by the compressor cylinder head 52 and the compressor piston 53 in the cylinder inner peripheral surface 51a. For compression, the compressor cylinder head 52 is provided with an intake reed valve 64 and an exhaust poppet valve 70 as shown in greater detail in FIG.
[0025]
The intake reed valve 64 is formed by punching a valve plate 63 made of a thin metal plate into a shape shown in FIG. The valve plate 63 is sandwiched between the compressor cylinder body 51 and the compressor cylinder head 52 and functions as a gasket for sealing the opposing abutting surfaces thereof (sealing the outside of the cylinder space). The intake reed valve 64 is formed integrally therewith. That is, the valve plate 63 is a member that also serves as a gasket and an intake reed valve. When the valve plate 63 is sandwiched between the compressor cylinder body 51 and the compressor cylinder head 52, the cylinder inner peripheral surface 51a has a positional relationship shown by a two-dot chain line in the figure. As described above, the insertion holes 63a through which the connection bolts for connecting the compressor cylinder body 51 and the compressor cylinder head 52 are inserted are formed at three locations on the outer peripheral portion of the valve plate 63 as shown in the drawing.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 9, two intake reed valves 64 are formed by punching the valve plate 63 from the support base 64a located on the outer peripheral side in a tongue shape in the inner diameter direction. The valve 64 is integrally connected to the valve plate 63 at the support base 64a. In addition, a circular hole 65 is formed on the opposite side of the intake reed valve 64 as shown in FIG. In the state where the valve plate 63 is sandwiched between the compressor cylinder body 51 and the compressor cylinder head 52, the intake reed valve 64 is located in the cylinder space 50a around the support base 64a as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. It can be elastically deformed. However, normally (in a state where no external force is applied), the intake reed valve 64 extends on the same plane as the valve plate 63, contacts the lower surface of the compressor cylinder head 52, and closes each intake hole 52a.
[0027]
By the way, as shown in FIG. 10 which is a cross-sectional view along the arrow XX in FIG. 9, a bore bead 63d is provided in a portion of the valve plate 63 facing the cylinder inner peripheral surface 51a. As a result, the outer peripheral portion of the bore bead 63d, that is, the cylindrical portion 63b sandwiched between the compressor cylinder body 51 and the compressor cylinder head 52 is moved relative to the circular cylinder portion 63c on the inner peripheral side. Is slightly raised on the side.
[0028]
The intake reed valve 64 receives a negative pressure generated in the cylinder space 50a when the compressor piston 53 is moved downward as shown by an arrow A in FIG. It is elastically deformed and bent, and sucks external air through the intake hole 52a. As described above, when the intake reed valve 64 bends into the cylinder space 50a, there is a problem that the performance of the compressor varies if the deflection deformation characteristic (open spring characteristic of the intake reed valve) varies. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, a stopper surface 51b is formed at the upper end of the cylinder inner peripheral surface 51a of the compressor cylinder body 51 so as to face the support base 64a of the intake reed valve 64. The stopper surface 51b has a width slightly larger than the width of the support base 64a, and is formed of a tapered flat surface inclined toward the inner diameter side. A bent curve 51c extending linearly is formed on the upper surface side of the compressor cylinder body 51.
[0029]
Therefore, when the intake reed valve 64 bends into the cylinder space 50a as described above, the intake reed valve 64 extends around the straight fold curve 51c, that is, extends linearly as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. It is elastically deformed so as to be bent at the base folding curve 64b. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, when the lower surface of the intake reed valve 64 bends to a position where it comes into contact with the stopper surface 51b, further bending is suppressed by the stopper surface 51b, and excessive bending is suppressed. In this manner, when the straight base bending curve 64b is bent and bent until it comes into contact with the stopper surface 51b, further bending is suppressed, so that variation in the open spring characteristics of the intake reed valve 64 is suppressed.
[0030]
On the other hand, when the compressor piston 53 is moved upward as indicated by the arrow B, the intake reed valve 64 comes into close contact with the intake hole 52a due to its own elastic deformation return force and the air pressure generated in the cylinder space 50a. This prevents the compressed air in the cylinder space 50a from leaking outside through the intake hole 52a. At this time, since the bore bead 63d is formed in the valve plate 63, the intake reed valve 64 closely adheres to the intake hole 52a and reliably closes it, so that high compression efficiency can be obtained.
[0031]
As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 13, the exhaust poppet valve 70 is a disc-shaped valve body disposed to be seated on a seating surface 52c in a compressed air passage space 52d formed in the compressor cylinder head 52. 71, and a compression spring 74 that urges the valve body 71 in a direction of sitting on the seating surface 52c. An air communication hole 52b is formed from the seat surface 52c in the compressed air passage space 52d to communicate with the cylinder space 50a, and the air passage hole 52b is covered by the valve body 71 in a state where the valve body 71 is seated on the seat surface 52c. Closed.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 14, the valve body 71 is formed by providing an elastic seal layer 73 made of a thin layer of rubber or the like on the lower surface of a disk-shaped metal plate 72. A ring-shaped concave groove 73a is formed in the elastic seal layer 73, and concave portions 73d are formed at four positions in the concave groove 73a. The concave portion 73d is a concave portion generated by supporting the metal plate 72 when the elastic seal layer 73 is provided on the lower surface of the metal plate 72. As can be seen from FIG. 13, the ring-shaped concave groove 73a is formed so as to face the inner peripheral edge P of the air passage hole 52b in the seating surface 52c. That is, the surface of the elastic seal layer 73 is divided into the ring-shaped outer peripheral surface 73b and the circular inner peripheral surface 73c by the ring-shaped concave groove 73a, and the inner peripheral edge of the ring-shaped outer peripheral surface 73b is formed on the seating surface 52c. The outer peripheral edge of the circular inner peripheral surface 73c is located on the outer peripheral side from the inner peripheral edge P of the air passage hole 52b, and is located on the inner peripheral side of the inner peripheral edge P of the air passage hole 52b on the seating surface 52c. Therefore, when the valve body 71 is seated on the seating surface 52c, only the ring-shaped outer peripheral surface 73b of the elastic seal layer 73 comes into contact with the seating surface 52c, and the circular inner peripheral surface 73c only faces the air passage hole 52b. There is no contact with the seating surface 52c.
[0033]
The exhaust poppet valve 70 having the above configuration receives the negative pressure generated in the cylinder space 50a when the compressor piston 53 is moved downward as shown by an arrow A in FIG. The compressed air passing hole 52b is closed while being held in a state of being seated, thereby preventing the compressed air in the compressed air passing space 52d from flowing back into the cylinder space 50a. At this time, the elastic seal layer 73 made of rubber or the like (particularly, the ring-shaped outer peripheral surface 73b) is in close contact with the seating surface 52d, and secures the sealing property at the time of closing. On the other hand, when the compressor piston 53 is moved upward as indicated by the arrow B, the valve body 71 resists the urging force of the compression spring 74 due to the pressure generated by compressing the air sucked into the cylinder space 50a. Then, the compressed air is pushed out into the compressed air passage space 52d through the air passage hole 52b.
[0034]
As can be understood from the above description, when the crankshaft 16 is rotated, this rotation is transmitted through the first and second chains 32 and 62, and the compressor drive shaft 56 is rotated by half of the crankshaft 16. The compressor piston 53 is reciprocated in accordance with the rotation of the compressor drive shaft 56. As a result, the compressor piston 53 reciprocates once every two rotations of the crankshaft 16. When the compressor piston 53 is reciprocated in this way, the intake reed valve 64 is opened in the downward movement stroke (the stroke of moving in the direction of the arrow A) of the compressor piston 53, and the compressor is moved from the intake hole 52a into the cylinder space 50a. In the upward movement stroke (stroke moving in the direction of arrow B), the exhaust poppet valve 70 is opened, and the compressed air in the cylinder space 50a compressed according to the upward movement of the compressor piston 53 is compressed. It is pushed out into the air passage space 52d. The timing of pushing out the compressed air is synchronized with the rotation of the crankshaft 16 as described above, and is performed in accordance with the fuel injection by the fuel injection device 22.
[0035]
Further, as shown in the drawing, a cylindrical convex portion 53a is formed on the upper end surface of the compressor piston 53. The projection 53a has a diameter slightly smaller than that of the air passage hole 52b, and is configured such that when the compressor piston 53 is moved up to near the top dead center, the projection 53a protrudes into the air passage hole 52b. Have been. As a result, the air in the internal space of the air passage hole 52b is compressed by the convex portion 53a and pushed out into the compressed air passage space 52d, so that the compression dead space is reduced and the compression efficiency is increased. Here, when the compressor piston 53 is located at the top dead center, the distal end surface of the convex portion 53a is arranged as close as possible to the circular inner peripheral surface 73c of the elastic seal layer 73 to maximize the compression efficiency. ing.
[0036]
In this way, when the valve body 71 of the exhaust poppet valve 70 is moved up and down to push the compressed air into the compressed air passage space 52d, the close contact between the valve body 71 and the seating surface 52c is improved and the valve body is improved. An elastic seal layer 73 is also provided on the ring-shaped outer peripheral surface 73b to reduce noise when the 71 comes into contact with the seating surface 52c. Here, as described above, since the inner peripheral edge of the ring-shaped outer peripheral surface 73b is located on the outer peripheral side from the inner peripheral edge P of the air passage hole 52b in the seating surface 52c, when the valve body 71 is seated on the seating surface 52c, The entire surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral surface 73b is in contact with the seating surface 52c, and a uniform compressive force acts on this portion, so that the durability of the elastic seal layer 73 is improved.
[0037]
The compressed air supply pipe 75 is connected to the compressed air passage space 52d to which the compressed air is supplied as described above. The compressed air supply pipe 75 is formed in the engine cylinder head 12 as shown in FIG. Connected to the compressed air supply path 76. The compressed air supply passage 76 is open to the mixing chamber forming hole 26a, and is formed by being sandwiched between the fuel supply device 27a and the fuel injection device 22 fitted into the mixing chamber forming hole 26a from above and below as described above. Compressed air is supplied to the mixing chamber 28. A fuel supply device arrangement hole 26b having a diameter larger than that of the fuel supply device arrangement hole 26b is formed so as to be connected to the upper side of the mixing chamber forming hole 26a. The supplied fuel is supplied into the mixing chamber 28 via the fuel supply device 27. Further, a pressure regulator 78 for adjusting the pressure of the compressed air supplied from the compressor 50 into the mixing chamber 28 is provided so as to be connected to the compressed air supply passage 76 (see FIG. 4).
[0038]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, a magnet coupling type water pump WP is provided so as to be connected to an end of the compressor drive shaft 56 opposite to the side where the eccentric shaft 57 is formed. The water pump WP includes an outer magnet 81 connected to the compressor drive shaft 56 via a connecting member 80, an inner magnet 82 disposed inside the outer magnet 81 via a separating member 84, and an inner magnet 82. The pump shaft 83 is connected to the pump shaft 83 and a pump blade 85 attached to the tip of the pump shaft 83. The isolation member 84 isolates a space in which the hydraulic oil in which the compressor drive shaft 56 is arranged flows and a space in which the cooling water in which the pump blades 85 are arranged flows. The outer magnet 81 and the inner magnet 82 constitute a non-contact type coupling mechanism and are separated with the separating member 84 interposed therebetween, but the other rotates following one rotation by the action of the magnetic force between the two. .
[0039]
In the water pump WP, as described above, when the compressor drive shaft 56 is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft 16 and the outer magnet 81 is driven to rotate together with the compressor drive shaft 56, the inner magnet 82 rotates together with the magnetic force coupling action. The pump blade 85 is driven to rotate via the pump shaft 83. As a result, the engine cooling water is sucked from the water tank and discharged from the discharge port 87. In addition, a cooling water supply pipe (not shown) is connected to the discharge port 87, and this cooling water supply pipe is connected to a cooling water inlet 88 shown in FIG. 4, and from there, into the engine cylinder body 10 and the engine cylinder head 12. Cooling water is supplied to the formed cooling water passage. The cooling water circulating through the cooling water passage to cool the engine cylinder body 10 and the engine cylinder head 12 is sent from a cooling water outlet 89 (see FIG. 1) to a radiator via a pipe (not shown). In the water pump WP, a thermostat valve 86 is provided at a portion through which cooling water from the pump blade 85 to the discharge port 87 passes.
[0040]
The starter motor 1 for starting the engine unit E having the above configuration is attached to the housing HSG as shown in FIG. A starter pinion (not shown) is attached to a drive shaft of the starter motor 1, and the starter pinion meshes with a starter gear 2 attached to an end of a crankshaft via a one-way clutch (not shown). ing. A generator G is attached to an end of the crankshaft 16 and is driven by the crankshaft 16 to generate power. In the generator G, the one-way clutch is located.
[0041]
When the starter motor 1 is driven to start the engine section E, the starter gear 2 is driven to rotate via the starter pinion 1 and the crankshaft 16 is driven to rotate. Thereby, the compressor 50 is driven and the compressed air is supplied to the mixing chamber 28 as described above. At this time, the fuel pump (not shown) is simultaneously driven by the rotation of the crankshaft 16, and the fuel is also supplied to the mixing chamber 28 via the fuel supply device 27. In the mixing chamber 28, the compressed air and the fuel are mixed to form a high-pressure, high-concentration air-fuel mixture, which is injected into the combustion chamber 11 in accordance with the reciprocation of the piston 13 and ignited by the ignition plug 21. Then, the engine unit E starts. At this time, since the efficiency of the compressor 50 is increased as described above, the engine unit E can be started smoothly.
[0042]
After the engine unit E is started in this manner, the transmission unit TM that changes the rotational driving force of the crankshaft 16 and transmits it to the driving sprocket SP is shown in FIG. This will be described with reference to FIG. The transmission unit TM is provided at an end of the input shaft 91, a centrifugal clutch CL1 provided at an end of the crankshaft 16, an input shaft 91 and an output shaft 92 arranged parallel to the crankshaft 16. It has a wet multi-plate clutch CL2, and first to fourth speed transmission gear trains 110 to 140 disposed in parallel between the input and output shafts 91 and 92. A drive sprocket SP is mounted.
[0043]
The centrifugal clutch CL1 engages and disengages the transmission drive gear 93 rotatably disposed on the crankshaft 16 and the crankshaft 16. When the rotation of the crankshaft 16 exceeds a predetermined rotation, the centrifugal clutch CL1 rotates. The transmission drive gear 93 is coupled to the crankshaft 16 to rotate them together. The transmission drive gear 93 meshes with a transmission driven gear 94 rotatably disposed on the input shaft 91, and the rotation of the transmission drive gear 93 is transmitted to the transmission driven gear 94. The transmission driven gear 94 can be disengaged from the input shaft 91 by a wet multi-plate clutch CL2 so that the transmission driven gear 94 and the input shaft 91 can be integrally rotated by engaging the wet multi-plate clutch CL2. Has become.
[0044]
The wet multi-plate clutch CL2 is connected to a clutch drum 96 connected to the transmission driven gear 94, a clutch hub 97 splined to the input shaft 91, and to a clutch plate and clutch hub 97 connected to the clutch drum 96. A multi-plate clutch portion 98 in which friction plates are alternately arranged, a piston member 99a facing the multi-plate clutch portion 98, a spring 99b for pressing the piston member 99a against the multi-plate clutch portion 98, and a multi-plate A ball cam mechanism 95 for moving the clutch away from the clutch section 98. Normally, the ball cam mechanism 95 is not operated, and the spring 99b presses the piston member 99a against the multi-plate clutch portion 96 to engage the wet multi-plate clutch CL2, so that the transmission driven gear 94 and the input shaft 91 rotate integrally. At the time of shifting, the ball cam mechanism 95 is operated, the piston member 99a is separated from the multi-plate clutch portion 96, the wet-type multi-plate clutch CL2 is released, and the transmission driven gear 94 and the input shaft 91 are not rotated. .
[0045]
First to fourth speed transmission gear trains 110 to 140 are provided on an input shaft 91, and are provided on an output shaft 92. The first and fourth driven gears 112 to 142 mesh with the high speed driving gears 111 to 141. The first speed drive gear 111 is formed integrally with the input shaft 91, the second speed drive gear 121 is disposed on the input shaft so as to be relatively rotatable, and has a first dowel 121a formed therein. The gear 131 is spline-coupled to the input shaft 91 and has a second dowel 131a, a first dowel engaging hole 131b, and a first fork groove 131c formed. It is rotatably disposed and has a second dowel engaging hole 141a. The first speed driven gear 112 is disposed on the output shaft so as to be relatively rotatable, and has a third dowel engaging hole 112a. The second speed driven gear 122 is spline-coupled to the output shaft 92. And a third dowel 122a, a fourth dowel 122b, and a second fork groove 122c are formed. The third speed driven gear 132 is disposed on the output shaft 92 so as to be relatively rotatable. The fourth speed driven gear 142 is spline-coupled to the output shaft 92.
[0046]
A rotary speed change mechanism 150 is provided beside the first to fourth speed transmission gear trains 110 to 140, and the fork portions of the first and second shift forks 151 and 152 constituting the rotary speed change mechanism 150 are the same as those described above. It is engaged with the first and second fork grooves 131c and 122c. The shift forks 151 and 152 are rotatably and axially movably mounted on the shift drum 153, and the pins 151a and 152a are engaged with the cam grooves 153a and 153b. It is configured to be moved in the axial direction. The shift drum 153 is connected to a shift pedal (not shown) via a link mechanism 154. When the shift pedal is operated, the shift drum 153 is rotated according to this operation, and the first and second shift forks 151, 152 is moved in the axial direction.
[0047]
Here, when the second shift fork 152 is moved to the left in the drawing, the second speed driven gear 122 is moved to the left, and the third dowel 122a is fitted into the third dowel engaging hole 112a, and The speed driven gear 112 and the second speed driven gear 122 are connected. Therefore, the rotation of the input shaft 91 is transmitted from the first speed gear train 110 (the first speed drive gear 111 and the first speed driven gear 112) to the output shaft 92 via the second speed driven gear 122, and the first speed A shift corresponding to the gear ratio of the gear train 110 is performed. On the other hand, when the second shift fork 152 is moved rightward, the fourth dowel 122b is fitted into the fourth dowel engaging hole 132a, and the second speed driven gear 122 and the third speed driven gear 132 are connected. . Therefore, the rotation of the input shaft 91 is transmitted from the third speed gear train 130 (the third speed drive gear 131 and the third speed driven gear 132) to the output shaft 92 via the second speed driven gear 122, and the third speed A shift corresponding to the gear ratio of the gear train 130 is performed.
[0048]
When the first shift fork 151 is moved leftward in the drawing, the third speed drive gear 131 is moved leftward, and the first dowel 121a is fitted into the first dowel engagement hole 1131b, and the second speed The drive gear 121 and the third speed driven gear 131 are connected. Therefore, the rotation of the input shaft 91 is transmitted as it is from the third speed drive gear 131 to the second speed drive gear 121, and is transmitted via the second speed gear train 120 (the second speed drive gear 121 and the second speed driven gear 122). The transmission is transmitted to the output shaft 92 to perform a shift corresponding to the gear ratio of the second speed gear train 120. On the other hand, when the first shift fork 151 is moved rightward, the second dowel 131a is fitted into the second dowel engaging hole 141a, and the third speed drive gear 132 and the fourth speed driven gear 142 are connected. . Therefore, the rotation of the input shaft 91 is transmitted as it is from the third speed drive gear 131 to the fourth speed drive gear 141, and is transmitted through the fourth speed gear train 140 (the fourth speed drive gear 141 and the fourth speed driven gear 142). The transmission is transmitted to the output shaft 92 to perform a shift corresponding to the gear ratio of the fourth speed gear train 140.
[0049]
The rotation of the output shaft 92, which is shifted and driven through any of the first to fourth gear trains 110 to 140, is transmitted to the output drive sprocket SP as it is, and as described above, is not shown. The power is transmitted to the rear wheels via the chain to drive the rear wheels.
[0050]
In the above, the compressor to which the present invention has been applied is used to create a fuel-air mixture, but it is a matter of course that the compressor can be applied to other compressors. The object to be compressed is not limited to air, but may be another gas.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a compressor is configured including a cylinder body, a cylinder head, and a piston, and a metal plate sandwiched and disposed between opposing surfaces of the cylinder body and the cylinder head. When a reed valve is formed by processing a valve plate consisting of a tongue extending in a radial direction in a cantilever manner from a support base located on the outer peripheral side, when a valve plate is sandwiched between a cylinder body and a cylinder head. The reed valve covers the fluid inflow hole, and the reed valve is elastically deformed around the support base into the cylinder space by the negative pressure generated in the cylinder space to open the fluid inflow hole. Further, a stopper for preventing the reed valve from being elastically deformed beyond a predetermined amount around the support base is provided at a peripheral edge of the cylinder space in the cylinder body.
[0052]
In the compressor having such a configuration, the reed valve is moved around the support base by the negative pressure generated in the cylinder space when the piston moves downward from the top dead center side to the bottom dead center in the cylinder space. The reed valve is elastically deformed in the space to open the fluid inflow hole.This reed valve is a cantilevered valve plate consisting of a metal plate that is sandwiched between the opposing surfaces of the cylinder body and the cylinder head. Since it is formed by processing into a tongue piece extending in the inner diameter direction, it is possible to obtain a very simple configuration with a small number of parts. Further, since the reed valve is prevented from being elastically deformed beyond a predetermined amount around the support base by the stopper formed on the peripheral portion of the cylinder body, stable opening / closing characteristics of the reed valve can be set. At this time, since the stopper portion is formed in the cylinder body, a dedicated component is not required, the number of components can be reduced, and the configuration is simplified.
[0053]
Also in the second aspect of the present invention, a compressor is configured including a cylinder body, a cylinder head, and a piston, and a valve plate formed of a metal plate sandwiched and disposed between opposing surfaces of the cylinder body and the cylinder head is provided on the outer periphery. The reed valve is formed by processing into a tongue shape extending in the radial direction in a cantilever manner from the support base located on the side, and when the valve plate is sandwiched between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, the reed valve is fluidized. The inflow hole is covered, and the reed valve is elastically deformed around the support base into the cylinder space by the negative pressure generated in the cylinder space to open the fluid inflow hole. In this compressor, a fluid outlet hole for allowing the compressed fluid in the cylinder space to flow out is formed in the cylinder head, and a through hole communicating with the fluid outlet hole is formed in the valve plate through a center position of the cylinder space. It is formed on the opposite side of the valve, so that when the piston moves near the top dead center, the protrusion formed on the distal end surface of the piston enters the fluid outflow hole through the through hole. It is configured.
[0054]
According to the compressor having such a configuration, similarly to the first aspect, the reed valve is formed by processing a valve plate made of a metal plate into a tongue shape extending in a radial direction in a cantilever manner, The configuration is very simple and requires few parts. Further, a through hole communicating with the fluid outlet hole is formed in the valve plate on the opposite side to the reed valve with respect to the center position of the cylinder space, so that the fluid inlet hole has a margin on the opposite side of the reed valve. The outflow resistance when the compressed fluid flows out is reduced, and the compression efficiency is improved. Further, when the piston moves to the vicinity of the top dead center, the convex portion on the tip end surface of the piston enters the fluid outflow hole through the through hole, so that the fluid in the fluid outflow hole is also compressed by the convex portion. The so-called compression dead space is reduced, and the compression efficiency is further improved.
[0055]
In the compressor according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, a valve plate is provided around the cylinder space on the opposing contact surface between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, and is sandwiched between the opposing contact surfaces on the valve plate. It is preferable to provide a bore bead so that the cylindrical portion rises toward the cylinder head with respect to a portion on the inner peripheral side. By providing the bore bead in this manner, when the reed valve covers the fluid inflow hole, the reed valve is pressed against the fluid inflow hole side and closely adheres to the fluid inflow hole to securely close it. Therefore, the amount of fluid leaking through the reed valve during fluid compression is reduced, and the compression efficiency is improved.
[0056]
In the compressor according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, a valve plate is provided around the cylinder space on the opposing contact surface between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, and the valve plate is provided between the cylinder body and the cylinder head. It is preferable that the cylinder space is sealed to the outside by being sandwiched between the contact surfaces. That is, it is preferable that the valve plate serves both as a gasket structure for sealing the mating surface of the cylinder body and the cylinder head and a seal valve structure for the above-described fluid inflow hole. With such a structure, the number of parts is further reduced. can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a drive unit (particularly, an engine unit) of a motorcycle having a compressor according to the present invention, cut along a plane passing through an engine crankshaft and an engine cylinder axis.
FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view showing a drive unit (particularly, a transmission unit) of a motorcycle having a compressor according to the present invention, cut along a plane passing through an engine crankshaft and an engine cylinder axis.
FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view showing an engine section of the driving device, cut along a plane passing through a cylinder shaft and the center of a supply / exhaust valve.
FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing a front front side of the engine unit.
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing a configuration of a compressor provided in the engine unit.
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing the configuration of the compressor.
FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view showing the configuration of the compressor and the water pump.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged front sectional view showing a cylinder head portion of the compressor.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a valve plate used in the compressor and constituting an intake reed valve.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the valve plate along an arrow XX.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a shape of a stopper surface formed on a compressor cylinder body for suppressing excessive bending of the intake reed valve.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing the vicinity of a base of an intake reed valve in a state where the valve plate is sandwiched between a compressor cylinder body and a compressor cylinder head.
FIG. 13 is an enlarged front sectional view showing the vicinity of an exhaust poppet valve of the compressor.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view (showing a cross-section along arrow XX of FIG. 11B) and a bottom view of a valve body used in the compressor and constituting an exhaust poppet valve.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a transmission unit of the drive device.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 10 engine cylinder body 11 combustion chamber 12 engine cylinder head 13 piston 50 compressor 51 compressor cylinder body 51b stopper surface 52 compressor cylinder head 52a intake hole 52b air passage hole 52c seating surface 53 compressor piston 63 valve plate 64 intake reed valve 70 exhaust poppet valve 71 valve element 73 elastic seal layer 73a ring-shaped concave groove 74 compression spring SY scotch yoke mechanism E engine unit TM transmission unit

Claims (4)

A cylinder body having a cylindrical cylinder space; a cylinder head mounted on the cylinder body so as to cover the cylinder space; a piston slidably fitted in the cylinder space; A reed valve provided so as to be able to open and close the fluid inflow hole formed in the cylinder head in communication with the
A valve plate made of a metal plate sandwiched and disposed between opposing surfaces of the cylinder body and the cylinder head is processed into a tongue shape extending in a radial direction in a cantilever manner from a support base located on the outer peripheral side. The reed valve is configured,
The reed valve covers the fluid inflow hole when the valve plate is sandwiched between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, and the reed valve is centered on the support base by a negative pressure generated in the cylinder space. It is configured to elastically deform in the cylinder space to open the fluid inflow hole,
A compressor, wherein a stopper for preventing the reed valve from being elastically deformed beyond a predetermined amount around the support base is provided at a peripheral portion of the cylinder space in the cylinder body. A cylinder body having a cylindrical cylinder space; a cylinder head mounted on the cylinder body so as to cover the cylinder space; a piston slidably fitted in the cylinder space; A reed valve provided so as to be able to open and close the fluid inflow hole formed in the cylinder head in communication with the
A valve plate made of a metal plate sandwiched and disposed between opposing surfaces of the cylinder body and the cylinder head is processed into a tongue shape extending in a radial direction in a cantilever manner from a support base located on the outer peripheral side. The reed valve is configured,
The reed valve covers the fluid inflow hole when the valve plate is sandwiched between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, and the reed valve is centered on the support base by a negative pressure generated in the cylinder space. It is configured to elastically deform in the cylinder space to open the fluid inflow hole,
A fluid outlet hole for allowing the compressed fluid in the cylinder space to flow out is formed in the cylinder head, and a through-hole communicating with the fluid outlet hole is formed in the valve plate so that the lead hole interposes a center position of the cylinder space. Formed on the opposite side of the valve,
When the piston moves to the vicinity of the top dead center, a protrusion formed on the distal end surface of the piston is configured to protrude into the fluid outflow hole through the through hole. Compressor. The valve plate is provided on an opposing contact surface between the cylinder body and the cylinder head so as to surround the cylinder space,
The bore bead is provided so that a cylindrical portion sandwiched between the opposed contact surface portions of the valve plate rises toward the cylinder head with respect to a portion on an inner peripheral side thereof. A compressor according to claim 1. The valve plate is provided so as to surround the cylinder space at an opposing contact surface between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, and the valve plate is sandwiched between the opposing contact surfaces of the cylinder body and the cylinder head. The compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cylinder space is sealed to the outside.

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