JP2004105116A - Edible hydrogenated oil and fat and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Edible hydrogenated oil and fat and method for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004105116A
JP2004105116A JP2002273746A JP2002273746A JP2004105116A JP 2004105116 A JP2004105116 A JP 2004105116A JP 2002273746 A JP2002273746 A JP 2002273746A JP 2002273746 A JP2002273746 A JP 2002273746A JP 2004105116 A JP2004105116 A JP 2004105116A
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fat
oil
diacylglycerol
hardened
edible
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JP4222807B2 (en
Inventor
Toru Nezu
根津 亨
Onori Ito
伊藤 大典
Hiroshi Arakawa
荒川 浩
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Adeka Corp
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Asahi Denka Kogyo KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain edible hydrogenated oil and fat by selectively hardening diacylglycerol in the oil and fat and to provide a method for producing the hydrogenated oil and fat. <P>SOLUTION: The hydrogenated oil and fat is obtained by using diacylglycerol-containing oil and fat as the raw material oil and fat followed by hydrogenating using a metallic catalyst. The hydrogenated oil defines the formula: In(B1/B0)/In (A1/A0) as 6 or more. AO expresses the iodine value of the raw material oil and fat, BO, the iodine value of diacylglycerol contained in the raw material oil and fat, A1, the iodine value of the hydrogenated oil and fat and B1, the iodine value of diacylglycerol contained in the hydrogenated oil and fat. In detail, the hydrogenated oil and fat is obtained by using the diacylglycerol-containing oil and fat as the raw material oil and fat and nickel as the metallic catalyst and hydrogenating the product at a reaction temperature of ≤120°C and a hydrogen partial pressure of (1.0×10<SP>5</SP>)Pa and below. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、油脂中のジアシルグリセロールを選択的に硬化してなる食用硬化油脂およびその製造方法に関する。本発明の食用硬化油脂は、硬化ジアシルグリセロールを多く含みながら、融点が低いものであり、ショートニング、マーガリン、ホイップクリーム、ファットスプレッド等の食用油脂、食用乳化油脂の原料等として有用である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
油脂の硬化とは、油脂の水素添加とも言い、油脂中の不飽和脂肪酸中の不飽和結合に水素を付加し、飽和結合に変える反応である。
油脂の硬化は、油脂の酸化安定性を高めること、および/または、油脂の固体脂含量(SFC)を増し、油脂の物性を調節することを目的として行われている。通常、油脂の硬化は、原料油脂を攪拌下、ニッケル、銅―クロム、銅―ニッケル等の化学触媒を用い、反応温度が140〜220℃、水素分圧が1.0×105 Pa(常圧)(760mmHg)〜1.0×106 Pa(10気圧)(7600mmHg)の条件下で行なわれている(例えば、特許文献1を参照)。そして、これらの条件を適当に選択することで、トリエン、ジエン、モノエンの水素化速度の比(脂肪酸選択性)と位置異性体や幾何異性体の生成量を調節できることが知られている。
【0003】
油脂は、その主成分であるトリアシルグリセロール(TAG)以外にジアシルグリセロール(DAG)を含む。油脂中のジアシルグリセロール含量は、油脂の種類や、精製加工の程度によって変化するが、通常1〜15重量%の範囲にある。
油脂中のジアシルグリセロールはトリアシルグリセロールが分解して脂肪酸が1分子解離したものであるため、通常、ジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸組成は原料油脂の脂肪酸組成に近似しており、原料油脂とほぼ同等のヨウ素価を示す。そのため、ジアシルグリセロールは、通常、不飽和脂肪酸を含有し、従って油脂同様に硬化させることによって、その酸化安定性や物性の改良が可能である。
これらの硬化ジアシルグリセロールを得る方法としては、例えば、飽和脂肪酸とグリセリンとをエステル化する方法や、硬化油とグリセリンとの混合物を触媒、例えばアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の水酸化物の存在下でエステル交換反応させ、必要に応じ、分子蒸留またはケイ酸カラムクロマトグラフィー法による濃縮も行なわれる方法等がある(例えば、特許文献2を参照)。しかし、これらの方法は操作が煩雑で、かつコストも高かった。
【0004】
油脂中のジアシルグリセロールを選択的に硬化してなる硬化油脂の製造方法は、知られていない。そのため、ジアシルグリセロールを含有する油脂を硬化すると、油脂中のジアシルグリセロールと油脂の主成分のトリアシルグリセロールが同時に硬化されるため、例えば硬化ジアシルグリセロールを多く含み、且つ融点の低い油脂というような油脂を得るのは不可能であった。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平1−95794号公報
【特許文献2】
特公平7−40873号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、油脂中のジアシルグリセロールを選択的に硬化してなる食用硬化油脂およびその製造方法を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、鋭意研究の結果、意外にも反応温度と水素圧力を、ニッケル触媒による油脂の硬化工程では通常行われない低温度、低圧力にすることにより、原料油脂中のジアシルグリセロールが選択的に硬化されることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明は、下記の食用硬化油脂およびその製造方法を提供することにより、上記目的を達成したものである。
【0009】
ジアシルグリセロールを含有する油脂を原料油脂として、金属触媒を使用して水素添加して得られた硬化油脂であって、原料油脂および原料油脂中に含まれるジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価をそれぞれA0、B0とし、硬化油脂および硬化油脂中に含まれるジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価をそれぞれA1、B1としたとき、ln(B1/B0)/ln(A1/A0)が6以上であることを特徴とする食用硬化油脂。
【0010】
ジアシルグリセロールを含有する油脂を原料油脂として、金属触媒としてニッケルを使用し、反応温度を120℃以下かつ水素分圧を1.0×105 Pa以下で水素添加して、上記食用硬化油脂を製造することを特徴とする食用硬化油脂の製造方法。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明をその好ましい実施形態について詳細に説明する。
先ず本発明で使用される原料油脂について詳述する。
油脂は、通常、ジアシルグリセロールを1〜15重量%含有しており、本発明においては、ジアシルグリセロールを含有する油脂であれば起源や精製度、加工度は問わず問題なく使用できるが、ジアシルグリセロールを4重量%以上含有する油脂を使用することが望ましい。
ジアシルグリセロールを4重量%以上含有する油脂を使用することにより、酸化安定性や物性の改良が顕著となり、本発明の硬化油脂の広範な食用油脂への適用が可能となる。
【0012】
ジアシルグリセロールを4重量%以上含有する油脂としては、例えば綿実油、米糠油、パーム油、サル脂、シア脂、マンゴー核油、コクム脂、モーラ脂等の植物性油脂ならびにこれらを水素添加、分別およびエステル交換から選択される一または二以上の処理を施した加工油脂があげられ、なかでも特にパーム油がジアシルグリセロール含量が高いため、特に好適に使用できる。パーム油のジアシルグリセロール含量は4〜12重量%程度である。
【0013】
また、パーム油をアセトン等の極性溶媒で分別した低融点部や、パーム油をヘキサン等の非極性溶媒で分別した高融点部、パーム油をウインタリング等の分別操作で得られた低融点部の油脂等はさらに多くのジアシルグリセロールを含む。もちろん、ジアシルグリセロールを4重量%未満しか含有しない油脂、例えば、パーム核油、ヤシ油、コーン油、大豆油、菜種油、ヒマワリ油、サフラワー油、牛脂、乳脂、豚脂、カカオ脂、魚油、鯨油等の各種の植物油脂および動物油脂ならびにこれらを水素添加、分別およびエステル交換から選択される一または二以上の処理を施した加工油脂については、上記ジアシルグリセロールを4重量%以上含有する油脂と混合、あるいは上記ジアシルグリセロールを含有する油脂より分離して得たジアシルグリセロールを添加、また、分別やエステル交換等の、配合や精製加工によりジアシルグリセロール含量を4重量%以上に高めて使用することができる。
【0014】
次に本発明で用いられる金属触媒について述べる。
本発明で用いられる金属触媒としては、通常の油脂の水素添加で用いられる金属触媒であれば問題なく使用可能であり、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウム、イリジウム、ニッケル、銅、銅―クロム、銅―ニッケル等があげられ、なかでも、ニッケル、銅―クロム、銅―ニッケル等が好ましく、特にニッケルが好ましい。
上記ニッケル触媒は、特に限定されるものではなく、湿式還元ニッケル触媒、乾式還元ニッケル触媒等を使用することができる。その添加量は好ましくは原料油脂100重量部あたり、0.005〜0.5重量部であるが、特に限定されるものではない。
【0015】
次に水素添加の際の反応条件について述べる。
先にも述べたとおり、通常の水素添加は、原料油脂を攪拌下、ニッケル、銅―クロム、銅―ニッケル等の化学触媒を用い、反応温度が140〜220℃、水素分圧が1.0×105 Pa〜1.0×106 Paの条件下で行なわれている。実際には反応速度や収率、安定性の面から反応温度が180〜200℃で、水素分圧が1.0×105 Pa〜2.0×105 Paの条件下で行なわれている場合が多い。
【0016】
本発明は、上記の通常の水素添加条件に比べてはるかに低い反応温度、水素分圧とすることにより、ジアシルグリセロールを優先的、選択的に硬化した油脂が得られる。具体的には金属触媒としてニッケルを使用した場合、反応温度を120℃以下かつ水素分圧を1.0×105 Pa以下で水素添加する。
反応温度が120℃を超えたり、あるいは、水素分圧1.0×105 Paを超える圧であると、選択的にジアシルグリセロールに水素添加されず、本発明のジアシルグリセロールを選択的に硬化した油脂が得られなくなってしまう。
【0017】
次にジアシルグリセロールの選択的硬化の指標である、ジアシルグリセロール選択性値について述べる。
ジアシルグリセロール選択性値とは、ジアシルグリセロールの水素添加速度/油脂全体の水素添加速度の値のことであり、以下の式で表した。
ジアシルグリセロール選択性値=ln(B1/B0)/ln(A1/A0)
A0:原料油脂(硬化前の油脂全体)のヨウ素価
B0:原料油脂中に含まれるジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価
A1:硬化油脂(硬化後の油脂全体)のヨウ素価
B1:硬化油脂中に含まれるジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価
【0018】
本発明の食用硬化油脂は、ジアシルグリセロール選択性値が、6以上、好ましくは6〜12である。
なお、本発明者らが、油脂の通常の硬化におけるジアシルグリセロール選択性値を実際に調べたところ、通常の硬化条件、例えばニッケル触媒:0.05〜0.5%、温度:120〜220℃、水素分圧:1.0×105 Pa以上5.0×105 Pa以下、メチオニン:0〜500ppmでは、ジアシルグリセロール選択性値は0〜4の範囲に留まる。
【0019】
本発明では、反応温度と水素圧力を、従来のニッケル触媒による硬化工程では通常行われない程度まで下げることで、ジアシルグリセロール選択性を飛躍的に高め得る。具体的には反応温度を120℃以下とし、かつ水素圧力を水素分圧として1.0×105 Pa以下とすることで、ジアシルグリセロール選択性値は6以上に高まり、ジアシルグリセロール選択的硬化油脂を得るに至った。さらに反応温度が80℃以下、かつ水素分圧が5.0×104 Pa以下であれば、ジアシルグリセロール選択性値を8以上にすることができる。上記の反応温度および水素分圧の下限は、反応温度60℃、水素分圧0.5×103 Paである。反応温度や水素分圧が該下限を下回ると、水素添加反応速度が極端に遅くなってしまう。
【0020】
次に反応に用いる機械装置について述べる。
硬化の際の攪拌は、通常の硬化条件と同様に十分に行われていることが望ましい。
また、反応機は通常使われているもので良く、例えばデッドエンド型、ループ型のいずれでも良好に実施することができ、上記温度条件、水素分圧とすることで、本発明のジアシルグリセロール選択硬化油脂を得ることができる。
【0021】
また、本発明において、得られた硬化油脂の全脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量が15重量%未満であり、かつ、ジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量が15重量%以上であることが好ましく、これにより、より広範な食用油脂や食用乳化油脂に使用することが可能となる。硬化油脂の全脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量が15重量%以上であると、食用油脂や食用乳化油脂に使用した場合、口溶けが悪く、また、選択的硬化の意味が薄れてしまう。また、ジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量が15重量%未満であると、ジアシルグリセロールの硬化度が低く、食用油脂や食用乳化油脂に使用した場合、改良効果が少なくなってしまう。
【0022】
また、本発明の食用硬化油脂は、SFCが20℃で10以上55以下、30℃で1以上35以下であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくはSFCが20℃で10以上30以下、30℃で1以上20以下であり、これにより、さらに広範な食用油脂や食用乳化油脂に使用することが可能となる。食用硬化油脂のSFCが上記範囲の上限超であると、食用油脂や食用乳化油脂に使用した場合、口溶けが悪く、また、選択的硬化の意味が薄れてしまう。また、反対に上記範囲の下限未満であると、やわらかすぎて、広範な食用油脂、食用乳化油脂への適用が困難となる。
【0023】
また、本発明の食用硬化油脂をさらに異性化水素添加することで、上記ジアシルグリセロール選択性値をほぼ維持したまま、硬化油脂の硬さを高めることもできる。
上記異性化水素添加は、被毒物質含有触媒、または上記触媒に加え被毒物質を用いることによりなされる。これらの被毒物質含有触媒および被毒物質としては、特に制限されるものでなく、例えば、上記被毒物質含有触媒としては、イオウ被毒ニッケル触媒等が挙げられ、また上記被毒物質としては、メタ重亜硫酸ナトリウム、チアミン硝酸塩、含硫アミノ酸(メチオニン、システイン等)等が挙げられる。上記被毒物質含有触媒および上記被毒物質の被毒物質としての使用量は、油脂に対して、好ましくは50〜1000ppm、より好ましくは100〜500ppmである。また、反応温度は160〜250℃、水素分圧は1.0×104 Pa〜5.0×105 Paが好ましい。
なお、上記異性化水素添加は、硬化油脂を得た後、別途異性化水素添加しても良いし、ジアシルグリセロール選択的条件で硬化した後、引き続き、上記被毒物質を添加し、反応温度を200℃程度まで上げさらに硬化を継続しても良い。
得られた異性化水素添加油脂のジアシルグリセロール選択性値は、異性化水素添加前に比較して低下するが、ここで、ジアシルグリセロール選択性値が3以上であることが好ましい。
【0024】
本発明の食用硬化油脂は、ショートニング、マーガリン、ホイップクリーム、ファットスプレッド等の食用油脂、食用乳化油脂の原料として広範に使用することができる。特に、本発明の食用硬化油脂は、従来条件で硬化した場合に比べて、ジアシルグリセロール中の飽和脂肪酸含量が同一の場合、硬化油脂の融点が低く、より広範な用途に使用することができる。
また、さらに、本発明の食用硬化油脂は、飽和脂肪酸含量の高いジアシルグリセロールを食用油脂に添加混合するのに比べ、コスト的にも手間的にも優位性がある。
【0025】
【実施例】
以下、実施例によって本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、これらは本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。
【0026】
{ジアシルグリセロールの分取方法}
試料0.2gをヘキサン10mlに溶解し、シリカゲルカラム〔Sep−pakカートリッジ(シリカ);ウォータース社製〕に供給し、ヘキサン/ジエチルエーテル(容積比95:5)30mlで洗浄後、ヘキサン/ジエチルエーテル(容積比70:30)30mlでジアシルグリセロール画分を溶出した。さらに、この画分にヘキサン30mlを追加し、7%含水フロリジル30gを充填したカラムに供給し、ヘキサン/ジエチルエーテル(容積比75:25)150mlで洗浄後、ヘキサン/ジエチルエーテル(容積比50:50)150mlでジアシルグリセロール画分を溶出し、エバポレーターで溶剤除去後、脂肪酸組成を測定した。
脂肪酸組成の測定は、基準油脂分析法に則り実施し、ヨウ素価の測定は、AOCS分析法Cd 1c−85記載の方法により算出した。なお、その計算式は以下のとおりである。
ヨウ素価=(パルミトオレイン酸含有%×0.950)+(オレイン酸含量%×0.860)+(リノール酸含量%×1.732)+(リノレン酸含量%×2.616)+(ガドレン酸含量%×0.785)+(エルカ酸含量%×0.723)
また、SFCの測定方法については、以下の方法によって測定した。
配合油を60℃に30分保持し、油脂を完全に融解し、そして0℃に30分保持して固化させた。さらに25℃に30分保持し、テンパリングを行い、その後、0℃に30分保持した。これを逐次SFCの10℃、20℃、30℃の各測定温度に30分づつ保持後、SFCを測定した。
【0027】
実施例1
25Lの密閉反応器に、ヨウ素価54.6、ジアシルグリセロール含量6.8重量%、ジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価59.9の、パームオレインを15kgおよびニッケル触媒SO−550(堺化学(株)製)(ニッケル含量20重量%)を15g投入し、反応温度:100℃、水素分圧:2.5×104 Paで8時間硬化反応を行った。この間の水素添加量は53Lであった。
得られた硬化油脂について、上記SFC測定法によりSFC値を測定した。また、上記ジアシルグリセロールの分取方法により、ジアシルグリセロールを分取し、上記脂肪酸組成測定法により、硬化油脂全体、およびジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸組成を測定し、その数値を用いて、上記ヨウ素価計算式より硬化油脂全体のヨウ素価、およびジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価を算出した。さらに、そのヨウ素価からジアシルグリセロール選択性値を上記計算法により求めた。これらの分析によって得られた分析値を表1に示す。
実施例1によって得られた硬化油脂のジアシルグリセロール選択性値は7.9であり、SFCは20℃で15.7、30℃で6.3であり、全脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量は7.0重量%であり、ジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量は29.1重量%であった。
【0028】
実施例2
1.5Lの密閉反応器に、ヨウ素価63.5、ジアシルグリセロール含量7.5重量%、ジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価64.5の、パームオレインを15kgおよびニッケル触媒SO−550(堺化学(株)製)(ニッケル含量20重量%)を15g投入し、反応温度:100℃、水素分圧:2.5×104 Paで12時間硬化反応を行った。この間の水素添加量は53Lであった。
得られた硬化油脂について、上記SFC測定法によりSFC値を測定した。また、上記ジアシルグリセロールの分取方法により、ジアシルグリセロールを分取し、上記脂肪酸組成測定法により、硬化油脂全体、およびジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸組成を測定し、その数値を用いて、上記ヨウ素価計算式より硬化油脂全体のヨウ素価、およびジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価を算出した。さらに、そのヨウ素価からジアシルグリセロール選択性値を上記計算法により求めた。これらの分析によって得られた分析値を表1に示す。
実施例2によって得られた硬化油脂のジアシルグリセロール選択性値は6.8であり、SFCは20℃で17.3、30℃で3.4であり、全脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量は6.9重量%であり、ジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量は28.3重量%であった。
【0029】
実施例3
1.5Lの密閉反応器に、ヨウ素価63.5、ジアシルグリセロール含量7.5重量%、ジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価64.5の、パームオレインを15kgおよびニッケル触媒SO−550(堺化学(株)製)(ニッケル含量20重量%)を15g投入し、反応温度:100℃、水素分圧:2.5×104 Paで12時間硬化反応を行った。この間の水素添加量は53Lであり、得られた硬化油脂のジアシルグリセロール選択性値は6.8であった。硬化反応後、さらにメチオニン;3g(200ppm)を添加し、反応温度:200℃、水素分圧:2.0×105 Paで2時間異性化水素添加反応を行った。この間の水素添加量は16Lであった。
得られた異性化水素添加油脂について、上記SFC測定法によりSFC値を測定した。また、上記ジアシルグリセロールの分取方法により、ジアシルグリセロールを分取し、上記脂肪酸組成測定法により、異性化水素添加油脂全体、およびジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸組成を測定し、その数値を用いて、上記ヨウ素価計算式より異性化水素添加油脂全体のヨウ素価、およびジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価を算出した。さらに、そのヨウ素価からジアシルグリセロール選択性値を上記計算法により求めた。これらの分析によって得られた分析値を表1に示す。
実施例3によって得られた異性化水素添加油脂のジアシルグリセロール選択性値は3.6であり、SFCは20℃で21.9、30℃で10.0であり、全脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量は7.0重量%であり、ジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量は27.3重量%であった。
【0030】
実施例4
25Lの密閉反応器に、ヨウ素価54.6、ジアシルグリセロール含量6.8重量%、ジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価59.9の、パームオレインを15kgおよびニッケル触媒SO−550(堺化学(株)製)(ニッケル含量20重量%)を15g投入し、反応温度:80℃、水素分圧:1.0×104 Paで14時間硬化反応を行った。この間の水素添加量は50Lであった。
得られた硬化油脂について、上記SFC測定法によりSFC値を測定した。また、上記ジアシルグリセロールの分取方法により、ジアシルグリセロールを分取し、上記脂肪酸組成測定法により、硬化油脂全体、およびジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸組成を測定し、その数値を用いて、上記ヨウ素価計算式より硬化油脂全体のヨウ素価、およびジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価を算出した。さらに、そのヨウ素価からジアシルグリセロール選択性値を上記計算法により求めた。これらの分析によって得られた分析値を表1に示す。
実施例4によって得られた硬化油脂のジアシルグリセロール選択性値は8.2であり、SFCは20℃で14.9、30℃で6.5であり、全脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量は7.1重量%であり、ジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量は27.2重量%であった。
【0031】
比較例1
1.5Lの密閉反応器に、ヨウ素価63.5、ジアシルグリセロール含量7.5重量%、ジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価64.5の、パームオレインを15kgおよびニッケル触媒SO−550(堺化学(株)製)(ニッケル含量20重量%)を15g投入し、反応温度:160℃、水素分圧:1.0×105 Paで0.5時間硬化反応を行った。この間の水素添加量は189Lであった。
得られた硬化油脂について、上記SFC測定法によりSFC値を測定した。また、上記ジアシルグリセロールの分取方法により、ジアシルグリセロールを分取し、上記脂肪酸組成測定法により、硬化油脂全体、およびジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸組成を測定し、その数値を用いて、上記ヨウ素価計算式より硬化油脂全体のヨウ素価、およびジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価を算出した。さらに、そのヨウ素価からジアシルグリセロール選択性値を上記計算法により求めた。これらの分析によって得られた分析値を表1に示す。
比較例1によって得られた硬化油脂のジアシルグリセロール選択性値は1.3であり、SFCは20℃で47.3、30℃で22.6であり、全脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量は7.1重量%であり、ジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量は12.6重量%であった。
実施例1または2に比べ、通常の硬化条件である比較例1では、硬化油脂全体のステアリン酸含量は同一であるにもかかわらず、ジアシルグリセロールのステアリン酸含量が低く、また、硬化油脂のSFCは20℃、30℃とも値が高く、大変硬い油脂であることがわかる。
【0032】
【表1】

Figure 2004105116
【0033】
【発明の効果】
本発明の食用硬化油脂は、油脂中のジアシルグリセロールを選択的に硬化してなるものであり、広範な食用油脂、食用乳化油脂の製造に使用できる。また、油脂に別途ジアシルグリセロールを添加したものに比べ、低コストで同様の効果を得ることができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hardened edible oil or fat obtained by selectively hardening diacylglycerol in an oil or fat, and a method for producing the same. The hardened edible oil / fat of the present invention has a low melting point while containing a large amount of hardened diacylglycerol, and is useful as a raw material for edible oil / fat such as shortening, margarine, whipped cream, fat spread, etc., and edible emulsified fat / oil.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Hardening of fats and oils is also referred to as hydrogenation of fats and oils, and is a reaction in which hydrogen is added to unsaturated bonds in unsaturated fatty acids in fats and oils to convert them into saturated bonds.
The hardening of fats and oils is performed for the purpose of increasing the oxidative stability of fats and oils and / or increasing the solid fat content (SFC) of the fats and oils and adjusting the physical properties of the fats and oils. Usually, hardening of fats and oils is carried out using a chemical catalyst such as nickel, copper-chromium and copper-nickel while stirring the raw fats and oils, at a reaction temperature of 140 to 220 ° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 1.0 × 10 5 Pa (usually). Pressure) (760 mmHg) to 1.0 × 10 6 Pa (10 atm) (7600 mmHg) (for example, see Patent Document 1). It is known that by appropriately selecting these conditions, the ratio of the hydrogenation rates of triene, diene, and monoene (fatty acid selectivity) and the amounts of positional isomers and geometric isomers can be adjusted.
[0003]
Fats and oils contain diacylglycerol (DAG) in addition to triacylglycerol (TAG) which is the main component. The diacylglycerol content in fats and oils varies depending on the type of fats and oils and the degree of refining, but is usually in the range of 1 to 15% by weight.
Since diacylglycerol in fats and oils is obtained by decomposing triacylglycerol and dissociating one molecule of fatty acid, usually, the fatty acid composition of diacylglycerol is similar to the fatty acid composition of raw fat and oil, and iodine is substantially equivalent to raw fat and oil. Indicates the value. For this reason, diacylglycerol usually contains unsaturated fatty acids, and thus can be cured similarly to fats and oils to improve its oxidative stability and physical properties.
As a method for obtaining these hardened diacylglycerols, for example, a method of esterifying a saturated fatty acid and glycerin, or a catalyst of a mixture of hardened oil and glycerin, for example, in the presence of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide (See, for example, Patent Literature 2) in which a transesterification reaction is performed, and if necessary, concentration is performed by molecular distillation or silica column chromatography. However, these methods are complicated and costly.
[0004]
A method for producing a cured oil or fat by selectively curing diacylglycerol in an oil or fat is not known. Therefore, when the fat or oil containing diacylglycerol is cured, the diacylglycerol in the fat and oil and the triacylglycerol as a main component of the fat and fat are simultaneously cured.For example, a fat and oil containing a large amount of cured diacylglycerol and having a low melting point Was impossible to get.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-1-95794 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-40873
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a hardened edible oil or fat obtained by selectively hardening diacylglycerol in an oil or fat and a method for producing the same.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have as a result of diligent research, surprisingly, by setting the reaction temperature and hydrogen pressure to a low temperature and a low pressure which are not normally performed in the step of curing fats and oils with a nickel catalyst, the diacylglycerol in the raw fats and oils is reduced. The inventors have found that they are selectively cured, and have completed the present invention.
[0008]
That is, the present invention has achieved the above object by providing the following edible hardened oil and fat and a method for producing the same.
[0009]
A hardened fat obtained by hydrogenating a diacylglycerol-containing fat as a raw fat using a metal catalyst, and the iodine values of the diacylglycerol contained in the raw fat and the fat are defined as A0 and B0, respectively. Ed (B1 / B0) / ln (A1 / A0) is 6 or more when the iodine value of hardened fat and oil and diacylglycerol contained in hardened fat and oil are A1 and B1, respectively. .
[0010]
Using fats and oils containing diacylglycerol as raw fats and oils, using nickel as a metal catalyst, hydrogenating at a reaction temperature of 120 ° C. or less and a hydrogen partial pressure of 1.0 × 10 5 Pa or less to produce the above-mentioned hardened edible fats and oils A method for producing a hardened edible oil and fat.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments.
First, the raw material fat used in the present invention will be described in detail.
Fats and oils usually contain diacylglycerol in an amount of 1 to 15% by weight. In the present invention, diacylglycerol-containing fats and oils can be used without any problem regardless of their origin, purification degree and processing degree. It is desirable to use oils and fats containing 4% by weight or more.
By using an oil or fat containing 4% by weight or more of diacylglycerol, the oxidation stability and physical properties are remarkably improved, and the hardened oil and fat of the present invention can be applied to a wide range of edible oils and fats.
[0012]
Examples of fats and oils containing 4% by weight or more of diacylglycerol include vegetable fats and oils such as cottonseed oil, rice bran oil, palm oil, monkey fat, shea butter, mango kernel oil, kokum fat, mora fat, and hydrogenation, fractionation and Examples include processed oils and fats which have been subjected to one or more treatments selected from transesterification. Among them, palm oil is particularly preferable because it has a high diacylglycerol content. The diacylglycerol content of palm oil is about 4 to 12% by weight.
[0013]
In addition, a low melting point portion obtained by separating palm oil with a polar solvent such as acetone, a high melting point portion obtained by separating palm oil with a nonpolar solvent such as hexane, and a low melting point portion obtained by separating palm oil by a separation operation such as wintering. Fats and oils contain much more diacylglycerol. Of course, fats and oils containing less than 4% by weight of diacylglycerols, such as palm kernel oil, coconut oil, corn oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, tallow, milk fat, lard, cocoa butter, fish oil, For various vegetable fats and animal fats such as whale oil and processed fats and oils which have been subjected to one or more treatments selected from hydrogenation, fractionation and transesterification, fats and oils containing 4% by weight or more of the above diacylglycerol It is possible to add diacylglycerol obtained by mixing or separating from the diacylglycerol-containing fats and oils, and to increase the diacylglycerol content to 4% by weight or more by blending or refining such as fractionation or transesterification. it can.
[0014]
Next, the metal catalyst used in the present invention will be described.
As the metal catalyst used in the present invention, any metal catalyst that is used in hydrogenation of ordinary fats and oils can be used without any problem, and platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, nickel, copper, copper-chromium, copper —Nickel and the like; among them, nickel, copper-chromium, copper-nickel and the like are preferable, and nickel is particularly preferable.
The nickel catalyst is not particularly limited, and a wet reduced nickel catalyst, a dry reduced nickel catalyst, or the like can be used. The amount added is preferably 0.005 to 0.5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the raw material fat, but is not particularly limited.
[0015]
Next, the reaction conditions for hydrogenation will be described.
As described above, the usual hydrogenation is performed by stirring the raw material fat and oil using a chemical catalyst such as nickel, copper-chromium, and copper-nickel at a reaction temperature of 140 to 220 ° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 1.0 to 1.0. The test is performed under the conditions of × 10 5 Pa to 1.0 × 10 6 Pa. In practice the reaction rate and yield, the reaction temperature from the viewpoint of stability at 180 to 200 ° C., the hydrogen partial pressure is carried out under the conditions of 1.0 × 10 5 Pa~2.0 × 10 5 Pa Often.
[0016]
In the present invention, fats and oils in which diacylglycerol is hardened preferentially and selectively can be obtained by setting the reaction temperature and the hydrogen partial pressure far lower than those of the above-mentioned ordinary hydrogenation conditions. Specifically, when nickel is used as the metal catalyst, hydrogenation is performed at a reaction temperature of 120 ° C. or less and a hydrogen partial pressure of 1.0 × 10 5 Pa or less.
When the reaction temperature is higher than 120 ° C. or the pressure is higher than the partial pressure of hydrogen of 1.0 × 10 5 Pa, the diacylglycerol of the present invention is not selectively hydrogenated, and the diacylglycerol of the present invention is selectively cured. Fats and oils cannot be obtained.
[0017]
Next, a diacylglycerol selectivity value, which is an index of selective curing of diacylglycerol, will be described.
The diacylglycerol selectivity value is a value of hydrogenation rate of diacylglycerol / hydrogenation rate of the whole fat or oil, and was represented by the following formula.
Diacylglycerol selectivity value = ln (B1 / B0) / ln (A1 / A0)
A0: Iodine value of raw fat (all fats and oils before hardening) B0: Iodine value of diacylglycerol contained in raw fats and oils A1: Iodine value of hardened fat (all fats and oils after hardening) B1: Diacyl contained in hardened fats and oils Iodine value of glycerol
The hardened edible oil / fat of the present invention has a diacylglycerol selectivity value of 6 or more, preferably 6 to 12.
In addition, when the present inventors actually examined the diacylglycerol selectivity value in the ordinary curing of fats and oils, the ordinary curing conditions, for example, nickel catalyst: 0.05 to 0.5%, temperature: 120 to 220 ° C When the hydrogen partial pressure is 1.0 × 10 5 Pa or more and 5.0 × 10 5 Pa or less and methionine is 0 to 500 ppm, the diacylglycerol selectivity value remains in the range of 0 to 4.
[0019]
In the present invention, the diacylglycerol selectivity can be dramatically increased by reducing the reaction temperature and the hydrogen pressure to a level not normally performed in a conventional nickel catalyst curing step. Specifically, by setting the reaction temperature to 120 ° C. or lower and the hydrogen pressure to 1.0 × 10 5 Pa or lower as a hydrogen partial pressure, the diacylglycerol selectivity value is increased to 6 or more, and the diacylglycerol-selective hardened fat and oil is increased. I came to. Further, when the reaction temperature is 80 ° C. or lower and the hydrogen partial pressure is 5.0 × 10 4 Pa or lower, the diacylglycerol selectivity value can be 8 or higher. The lower limits of the above reaction temperature and hydrogen partial pressure are a reaction temperature of 60 ° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 0.5 × 10 3 Pa. If the reaction temperature or the hydrogen partial pressure falls below the lower limits, the rate of the hydrogenation reaction becomes extremely slow.
[0020]
Next, the machinery used for the reaction will be described.
It is desirable that stirring at the time of curing be sufficiently performed as in the case of ordinary curing conditions.
The reactor may be a commonly used one. For example, a dead-end type or a loop type can be satisfactorily implemented. By setting the above temperature conditions and hydrogen partial pressure, the diacylglycerol of the present invention can be selected. A hardened fat can be obtained.
[0021]
Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the stearic acid content in the total fatty acids of the obtained hardened fat and oil is less than 15% by weight, and the stearic acid content in the fatty acids of diacylglycerol is 15% by weight or more. Thereby, it can be used for a wider range of edible oils and fats and edible emulsified oils and fats. If the stearic acid content in the total fatty acids of the hardened fat is 15% by weight or more, when used in edible fats and oils or edible emulsified fats and oils, the dissolution in the mouth is poor and the meaning of selective hardening is diminished. Further, when the stearic acid content in the fatty acid of diacylglycerol is less than 15% by weight, the degree of hardening of diacylglycerol is low, and when it is used for edible oils and fats or edible emulsified oils, the effect of improvement is reduced.
[0022]
The edible hardened oil and fat of the present invention preferably has an SFC of 10 to 55 at 20 ° C and 1 to 35 at 30 ° C, more preferably 10 to 30 at 20 ° C and 1 to 30 at 30 ° C. It is 20 or less, and thereby, it becomes possible to use it for a wider range of edible fats and oils and edible emulsified fats and oils. If the edible oil / fat has an SFC exceeding the upper limit of the above-mentioned range, when used in edible oil / fat or edible emulsified oil / fat, it dissolves poorly in the mouth and loses the meaning of selective curing. On the other hand, if it is less than the lower limit of the above range, it is too soft, and it is difficult to apply it to a wide range of edible oils and fats and edible emulsified oils and fats.
[0023]
Further, by further adding isomerized hydrogen to the hardened edible oil / fat of the present invention, it is possible to increase the hardness of the hardened fat / oil while substantially maintaining the above-mentioned diacylglycerol selectivity value.
The isomerization is performed by using a poisoning substance-containing catalyst or a poisoning substance in addition to the catalyst. The poisoning substance-containing catalyst and the poisoning substance are not particularly limited. For example, the poisoning substance-containing catalyst includes a sulfur poisoning nickel catalyst and the like. , Sodium metabisulfite, thiamine nitrate, sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine, cysteine, etc.). The amount of the poisoning substance-containing catalyst and the poisoning substance to be used as a poisoning substance is preferably 50 to 1000 ppm, more preferably 100 to 500 ppm, based on fats and oils. Further, the reaction temperature is preferably 160 to 250 ° C., and the hydrogen partial pressure is preferably 1.0 × 10 4 Pa to 5.0 × 10 5 Pa.
In addition, the above isomerization hydrogenation, after obtaining a hardened oil and fat, may be separately hydrogenation isomerization, or after curing under diacylglycerol selective conditions, subsequently adding the poisoning substance, the reaction temperature The temperature may be raised to about 200 ° C. and the curing may be continued.
The diacylglycerol selectivity value of the obtained isomerized hydrogenated oil / fat decreases as compared to before the isomerized hydrogenation, and the diacylglycerol selectivity value is preferably 3 or more.
[0024]
The hardened edible oil / fat of the present invention can be widely used as a raw material for edible oil / fat such as shortening, margarine, whipped cream, fat spread, and edible emulsified oil / fat. In particular, the cured edible oil / fat of the present invention has a lower melting point when the saturated fatty acid content in diacylglycerol is the same as that when cured under conventional conditions, and can be used for a wider range of applications.
Furthermore, the hardened edible oil / fat of the present invention is superior in cost and labor as compared to adding and mixing diacylglycerol having a high saturated fatty acid content to the edible oil / fat.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples, but these do not limit the scope of the present invention.
[0026]
} Diacylglycerol separation method}
A sample (0.2 g) was dissolved in hexane (10 ml), supplied to a silica gel column (Sep-pak cartridge (silica); Waters), washed with hexane / diethyl ether (volume ratio: 95: 5, 30 ml), and then washed with hexane / diethyl. The diacylglycerol fraction was eluted with 30 ml of ether (70:30 by volume). Further, 30 ml of hexane was added to this fraction, supplied to a column packed with 30 g of 7% hydrous florisil, washed with 150 ml of hexane / diethyl ether (volume ratio 75:25), and then washed with hexane / diethyl ether (volume ratio: 50:25). 50) The diacylglycerol fraction was eluted with 150 ml, the solvent was removed with an evaporator, and the fatty acid composition was measured.
The measurement of the fatty acid composition was carried out according to the standard fat and oil analysis method, and the measurement of the iodine value was calculated by the method described in AOCS analysis method Cd 1c-85. The calculation formula is as follows.
Iodine value = (palmioleic acid content × 0.950) + (oleic acid content × 0.860) + (linoleic acid content × 1.732) + (linolenic acid content × 2.616) + ( Gadrenic acid content% x 0.785) + (erucic acid content% x 0.723)
The SFC was measured by the following method.
The blended oil was held at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes, the fat was completely melted, and held at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes to solidify. Further, it was kept at 25 ° C. for 30 minutes to perform tempering, and then kept at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes. This was successively held at each measurement temperature of 10 ° C., 20 ° C., and 30 ° C. of the SFC for 30 minutes, and then the SFC was measured.
[0027]
Example 1
In a 25 L closed reactor, 15 kg of palm olein having an iodine value of 54.6, a diacylglycerol content of 6.8% by weight, an iodine value of diacylglycerol of 59.9, and a nickel catalyst SO-550 (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Co., Ltd.) (Nickel content: 20% by weight) was charged, and a curing reaction was performed for 8 hours at a reaction temperature of 100 ° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 2.5 × 10 4 Pa. During this period, the amount of hydrogen added was 53 L.
About the obtained hardened oil and fat, SFC value was measured by the said SFC measuring method. Further, by the diacylglycerol fractionation method, diacylglycerol was fractionated, the total fatty acid composition of the cured oil and fat was measured by the fatty acid composition measuring method, and the fatty acid composition of diacylglycerol was measured. The iodine value of the entire hardened fat and oil and the iodine value of diacylglycerol were calculated. Further, a diacylglycerol selectivity value was determined from the iodine value by the above calculation method. The analysis values obtained by these analyzes are shown in Table 1.
The diacylglycerol selectivity value of the hydrogenated oil obtained according to Example 1 is 7.9, the SFC is 15.7 at 20 ° C., the 6.3 at 30 ° C., and the stearic acid content in the total fatty acids is 7.7. The amount of stearic acid in the fatty acid of diacylglycerol was 29.1% by weight.
[0028]
Example 2
In a 1.5 L closed reactor, 15 kg of palm olein having an iodine value of 63.5, a diacylglycerol content of 7.5% by weight, an iodine value of diacylglycerol of 64.5 and nickel catalyst SO-550 (Sakai Chemical Co., Ltd.) (Nickel content: 20% by weight), and a curing reaction was performed at a reaction temperature of 100 ° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 2.5 × 10 4 Pa for 12 hours. During this period, the amount of hydrogen added was 53 L.
About the obtained hardened oil and fat, SFC value was measured by the said SFC measuring method. Further, by the diacylglycerol fractionation method, diacylglycerol was fractionated, the total fatty acid composition of the cured oil and fat was measured by the fatty acid composition measuring method, and the fatty acid composition of diacylglycerol was measured. The iodine value of the entire hardened fat and oil and the iodine value of diacylglycerol were calculated. Further, a diacylglycerol selectivity value was determined from the iodine value by the above calculation method. The analysis values obtained by these analyzes are shown in Table 1.
The diacylglycerol selectivity value of the hydrogenated oil or fat obtained according to Example 2 is 6.8, the SFC is 17.3 at 20 ° C., the SFC is 3.4 at 30 ° C., and the stearic acid content in the total fatty acids is 6. The content of stearic acid in the fatty acid of diacylglycerol was 28.3% by weight.
[0029]
Example 3
In a 1.5 L closed reactor, 15 kg of palm olein having an iodine value of 63.5, a diacylglycerol content of 7.5% by weight, an iodine value of diacylglycerol of 64.5 and nickel catalyst SO-550 (Sakai Chemical Co., Ltd.) (Nickel content: 20% by weight), and a curing reaction was performed at a reaction temperature of 100 ° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 2.5 × 10 4 Pa for 12 hours. The hydrogenation amount during this period was 53 L, and the diacylglycerol selectivity value of the obtained hydrogenated fat was 6.8. After the curing reaction, 3 g (200 ppm) of methionine was further added, and an isomerization hydrogenation reaction was performed at a reaction temperature of 200 ° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 2.0 × 10 5 Pa for 2 hours. During this period, the amount of hydrogen added was 16 L.
The SFC value of the obtained isomerized hydrogenated fat was measured by the SFC measurement method described above. Further, diacylglycerol is fractionated by the diacylglycerol fractionation method, the whole isomerized hydrogenated oil and fat, and the fatty acid composition of diacylglycerol is measured by the fatty acid composition measuring method, and the iodine is measured by using the numerical values. The iodine value of the whole isomerized hydrogenated oil and fat and the iodine value of diacylglycerol were calculated from the value calculation formula. Further, a diacylglycerol selectivity value was determined from the iodine value by the above calculation method. The analysis values obtained by these analyzes are shown in Table 1.
The diacylglycerol selectivity value of the isomerized hydrogenated oil obtained according to Example 3 is 3.6, the SFC is 21.9 at 20 ° C., 10.0 at 30 ° C., and the stearic acid content in the total fatty acids Was 7.0% by weight, and the stearic acid content in the fatty acid of diacylglycerol was 27.3% by weight.
[0030]
Example 4
In a 25 L closed reactor, 15 kg of palm olein having an iodine value of 54.6, a diacylglycerol content of 6.8% by weight, an iodine value of diacylglycerol of 59.9, and a nickel catalyst SO-550 (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Co., Ltd.) (Nickel content: 20% by weight) was charged, and a curing reaction was performed at a reaction temperature of 80 ° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 1.0 × 10 4 Pa for 14 hours. During this period, the amount of hydrogen added was 50 L.
About the obtained hardened oil and fat, SFC value was measured by the said SFC measuring method. Further, by the diacylglycerol fractionation method, diacylglycerol was fractionated, the total fatty acid composition of the cured oil and fat was measured by the fatty acid composition measuring method, and the fatty acid composition of diacylglycerol was measured. The iodine value of the entire hardened fat and oil and the iodine value of diacylglycerol were calculated. Further, a diacylglycerol selectivity value was determined from the iodine value by the above calculation method. The analytical values obtained by these analyzes are shown in Table 1.
The diacylglycerol selectivity value of the hardened oil and fat obtained according to Example 4 is 8.2, the SFC is 14.9 at 20 ° C., the 6.5 at 30 ° C., and the stearic acid content in the total fatty acids is 7.0. The content of stearic acid in the fatty acid of diacylglycerol was 27.2% by weight.
[0031]
Comparative Example 1
In a 1.5 L closed reactor, 15 kg of palm olein having an iodine value of 63.5, a diacylglycerol content of 7.5% by weight, an iodine value of diacylglycerol of 64.5 and nickel catalyst SO-550 (Sakai Chemical Co., Ltd.) (Nickel content: 20% by weight), and a curing reaction was performed at a reaction temperature of 160 ° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 1.0 × 10 5 Pa for 0.5 hour. During this time, the amount of hydrogen added was 189 L.
About the obtained hardened oil and fat, SFC value was measured by the said SFC measuring method. Further, by the diacylglycerol fractionation method, diacylglycerol was fractionated, the total fatty acid composition of the cured oil and fat was measured by the fatty acid composition measuring method, and the fatty acid composition of diacylglycerol was measured. The iodine value of the entire hardened fat and oil and the iodine value of diacylglycerol were calculated. Further, a diacylglycerol selectivity value was determined from the iodine value by the above calculation method. The analysis values obtained by these analyzes are shown in Table 1.
The diacylglycerol selectivity of the hydrogenated oil obtained in Comparative Example 1 was 1.3, the SFC was 47.3 at 20 ° C. and 22.6 at 30 ° C., and the stearic acid content in the total fatty acids was 7. The content of stearic acid in the fatty acid of diacylglycerol was 12.6% by weight.
Compared to Example 1 or 2, in Comparative Example 1, which is a normal curing condition, the stearic acid content of diacylglycerol is low, and the SFC of the cured oil and fat is low even though the stearic acid content of the entire cured oil and fat is the same. Has a high value at both 20 ° C. and 30 ° C., indicating that the oil is very hard.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004105116
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
The hardened edible oil / fat of the present invention is obtained by selectively hardening diacylglycerol in the fat / oil, and can be used for production of a wide range of edible fat / oil and edible emulsified fat / oil. Further, the same effect can be obtained at lower cost as compared with the case where diacylglycerol is separately added to fats and oils.

Claims (7)

ジアシルグリセロールを含有する油脂を原料油脂として、金属触媒を使用して水素添加して得られた硬化油脂であって、原料油脂および原料油脂中に含まれるジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価をそれぞれA0、B0とし、硬化油脂および硬化油脂中に含まれるジアシルグリセロールのヨウ素価をそれぞれA1、B1としたとき、ln(B1/B0)/ln(A1/A0)が6以上であることを特徴とする食用硬化油脂。A hardened fat obtained by hydrogenating a diacylglycerol-containing fat as a raw fat using a metal catalyst, wherein the iodine values of the diacylglycerol contained in the raw fat and oil and the raw fat are A0 and B0, respectively. Ed (B1 / B0) / ln (A1 / A0) is 6 or more, when the iodine values of the hardened oil and fat and the diacylglycerol contained in the hardened oil and fat are A1 and B1, respectively. . 原料油脂のジアシルグリセロール含量が4重量%以上である請求項1記載の食用硬化油脂。2. The hardened edible oil / fat according to claim 1, wherein the raw oil / fat has a diacylglycerol content of 4% by weight or more. 原料油脂がパーム由来である請求項1または2記載の食用硬化油脂。3. The hardened edible fat / oil according to claim 1, wherein the raw fat / oil is derived from palm. 全脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量が15重量%未満であり、かつ、ジアシルグリセロールの脂肪酸中のステアリン酸含量が15重量%以上である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の食用硬化油脂。The hardened edible oil or fat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the stearic acid content in all fatty acids is less than 15% by weight, and the stearic acid content in diacylglycerol fatty acids is 15% by weight or more. SFCが20℃で10以上55以下、30℃で1以上35以下である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の食用硬化油脂。The hardened edible oil / fat according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the SFC has an SFC of 10 to 55 at 20 ° C and 1 to 35 at 30 ° C. ジアシルグリセロールを含有する油脂を原料油脂として、金属触媒としてニッケルを使用し、反応温度を120℃以下かつ水素分圧を1.0×105 Pa以下で水素添加して、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の食用硬化油脂を製造することを特徴とする食用硬化油脂の製造方法。The fat or oil containing diacylglycerol is used as a raw material fat, nickel is used as a metal catalyst, and hydrogenation is performed at a reaction temperature of 120 ° C. or less and a hydrogen partial pressure of 1.0 × 10 5 Pa or less. A method for producing a hardened edible oil or fat, comprising manufacturing the hardened edible oil or fat according to any one of the above. 請求項6の製造方法により得られた食用硬化油脂に対し、さらに異性化水素添加を行なって得られたことを特徴とする食用異性化水素添加油脂。An edible isomerized hydrogenated oil or fat obtained by further adding isomerized hydrogen to the edible hardened oil or fat obtained by the production method according to claim 6.
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JP2010001366A (en) * 2008-06-19 2010-01-07 Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd Method of manufacturing hydrogenated oil
WO2013027727A1 (en) * 2011-08-22 2013-02-28 花王株式会社 Oil/fat composition
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010001366A (en) * 2008-06-19 2010-01-07 Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd Method of manufacturing hydrogenated oil
WO2013027727A1 (en) * 2011-08-22 2013-02-28 花王株式会社 Oil/fat composition
CN103764809A (en) * 2011-08-22 2014-04-30 花王株式会社 Oil/fat composition
US9167829B2 (en) 2011-08-22 2015-10-27 Kao Corporation Oil/fat composition
CN103764809B (en) * 2011-08-22 2016-02-24 花王株式会社 Fat or oil composition
JP2018086023A (en) * 2013-10-06 2018-06-07 不二製油株式会社 Tempering type oil/fat for chocolate

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