JP2004102971A - Driver monitoring device - Google Patents

Driver monitoring device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004102971A
JP2004102971A JP2002302351A JP2002302351A JP2004102971A JP 2004102971 A JP2004102971 A JP 2004102971A JP 2002302351 A JP2002302351 A JP 2002302351A JP 2002302351 A JP2002302351 A JP 2002302351A JP 2004102971 A JP2004102971 A JP 2004102971A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
image
driver
standard
images
video camera
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JP2002302351A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshiaki Komiyama
小宮山 義明
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Individual
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Individual
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent an accident by shooting an image of a facial portion of an automobile driver by a video camera, determining an improper posture, and issuing an alarm. <P>SOLUTION: The driver 1 before operation shoots various aspects of one's facial portion by the video camera 6, selects images while confirming them by a monitor 6, and respectively stores them in standard images 13-17. Image data 11 of the driver 9 during driving is sent to a collation determination control part 23, it is collated with the standard images, and matching images are respectively sent out to a proper image 19 and an improper image 20 of a determining part 18. When matching signals of the improper image are consecutively sent to a count setting device 21 from the determining part 18, the alarm is issued. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は自動車等の運転者を監視して不適正な運転姿勢で運転する運転者に警報を発する運転者監視装置。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、いねむり運転などによる自動車事故を防止する方法に関して、実に多様な発明工夫がなされている。主なものに、センサーやカメラ等の機器を用いて身体を検知し、正確にいねむり状態を判定しようとするものがある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、いねむりという生理現象を正確に判定することは極めて困難である。いねむりは本人が、今、この時と自覚できない。予兆はあるが居眠りとの境界がはっきりしないのである。眠りそのものが必ずしも現代の医学で完全に解明されているとはいえず、本人も自覚できない居眠り現象をセンサーなどで計測・検知しようとしても測定は容易ではない。いねむりを真に正確に判定しようとするならば、かなり精密な機械装置を自動車等に搭載しなければならず、コストという観点から無理がある。
【0004】
またビデオカメラによる方法も、その本来の機能からカメラ単独で正確に居眠り状態を判定するには限界がある。必然的に他の判定手段と合わせて判定せざるを得ないが、対象も個人差、状況差があり、結局、正確で安定した装置は提供されていない。一方、居眠り運転による事故は多発しており事故防止装置の実現が待たれるが、いずれの発明も、いねむり判定の正確性が要求されるあまり厳密、精緻に過ぎ実用化されていないのが実情である。
【0005】
本発明は、従来の技術と違い居眠りという生理現象を判定しようとしない。日常、私たちが経験するところでは、たとえば、遊び疲れた子供、電車の向こう座席のサラリーマン等を見ている第三者は、本人より居眠り状態への移行がよく観察できる。本発明は、この第三者の役割をビデオカメラに代替させることを特徴とする。つまり、いねむりか否かの判定でなくビデオカメラの機能する範囲内で監視し映し出された画像が不適正な運転姿勢と判断すれば運転者に警告を発するものであり、装置を簡単、安価にして実用化を実現させるものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そして、本発明は上記目的を達成するため、現代が到達している技術水準のビデオカメラを自動車に用いて、運転者の不適正な運転姿勢を監視するものである。30万画素というデジタルビデオカメラが市販される時代であり、ビデオカメラによる監視はかなり正確に運転状態を把握できるものと考える。
【0007】
上記の課題解決手段による作用は次の通りである。すなわち、予め自動車を操行させる前に、運転者が前方を注視する、横を向く、目を閉じる、頭を下げる等、自動車運転中の様々な態様を運転者の向正面に設置したビデオカメラにより撮影し、画像をモニターにより目視確認しながら、運転者自身が複数個の該画像を適正、不適正に選別し標準画像として記憶し格納する。次に、現実に自動車を操行させる際、前記ビデオカメラで運転者を運転中撮影し、撮像された画像データとすでに格納されていた前記標準画像とを順次、照合し一致する該画像データのうち不適正画像として処理された信号をカウントし、該カウントが連続して予め設定されていた設定時間に達したときに警報を発する。
【0008】
本発明によれば、同一人物の先と後の画像の比較であるから顔の表情における個人差が出ない。また、運転姿勢の適正、不適正の判断は経験に負うところが大きい。そこで標準画像は運転者自身がモニターを目視確認しながら設定できるからより安定したものとなる。カメラはまぶたの開閉は区別するが居眠りとまばたきの区別はしない。まぶたを閉じるのは運転に不都合であるから不適正画像として処理されるが、いちいち警報が鳴ってはかえってわずらわしく快適な運転の妨げとなる。まばたきをしたからといって直ちに危険ではない。また横を向く場合も必ずしも脇見ではなく、左右確認のため瞬時、顔を横に向けることもある。不適正と判断される姿勢が何秒まで安全かは技量と経験により判断が異なる。そこで時間設定は自己責任において運転者ができるようになっている。
【0009】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施の形態として一実施を図1に基づいて説明する。
【0010】
図においては、6はモニターで操行前運転者1がビデオカメラ5により自身を撮像しその静止画像を目視確認する手段であり、該画像はA/D変換器7でデジタル画像に変換される。
【0011】
8は標準画像メモリであり前記デジタル画像を照合判定制御部23に画像を送出するための画像記憶手段である。13、14,15、16は標準画像であり前記画像記憶手段からの画像が選別されて格納される格納手段である。
【0012】
画像データ11は運転中運転者9をビデオカメラ5により撮像しA/D変換器10でデジタル変換された運転中の運転者の画像データである。
【0013】
23は照合判定制御部であり、12は照合部で前記標準画像13、14,15、16と前記画像データ11とを照合するための照合手段である。17は照合不一致画像である。18は判定部で適正画像19、不適正画像20の別を仕分するための判定手段である。
【0014】
21はカウント設定装置であり、前記判定部18からの信号を入力し信号カウントが時間設定手段4において予め設定しておいた設定時間を越えたとき警報装置22へ出力し警報を発するカウント設定手段である。
【0015】
以下、上記構成の動作を説明する。操行前運転者1は運転席に着き前方を注視した自身の顔部分をビデオカメラ5により撮像しその静止画像をモニター6により目視確認する。該画像はA/D変換器7でデジタル画像に変換され標準画像メモリ8に記憶される。同様にして、操行前運転者1は顔部分の様々な態様、たとえば少し横を見る、目を閉じる、頭を下げる等運転中の標準的動作を撮像し目視確認しながら画像を標準画像メモリ8に記憶させる。
【0016】
標準画像メモリ8に記憶された前記各静止画像は照合判定制御部23に送出されるが、同時に画像選定手段3により適正、不適正を選別しながら照合部内の格納手段の内、前方を注視した画像は標準画像13に、少し横を見た画像は標準画像14に、目を閉じた画像は標準画像15に、頭を下げた画像は標準画像16にそれぞれ格納する。
【0017】
ビデオカメラ5は運転中運転者9を撮像しA/D変換器10でデジタル変換し画像データ11に送る。該画像データは順次、照合判定制御部23に送出され、すでに照合部12に格納されていた前記標準画像13、14,15、16と照合される。照合の結果、一致した画像データのうち標準画像13、14と一致した画像データは適正画像19へ、標準画像15、16と一致した画像データは不適正画像20へ、いずれにも一致しなかった画像データは照合不一致画像17を通って不適正画像20へ送出される。
【0018】
判定部18では適正画像19、不適正画像20の別を判定し前者はゼロ、後者は1に信号化しカウント設定装置21に出力する。該カウント設定装置21では、すでに操行前運転者1により時間設定手段4において予めカウントの上限が時間設定されている。判定部18から入力された信号が連続して設定時間を越えたとき、カウント設定装置21から警報装置22に出力され警報が作動し不適正な運転姿勢に警告を発して事故を防止することができる。
【0019】
以上によれば、本実施例によれば不適正運転の監視効果が得られるものである。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
上述したように本発明の監視装置はカメラの機能の範囲内で適正、不適正を判断するから、結果として居眠りに役立ったとしても事実居眠りかどうか判定していない。従来のいねむり状態を正確に判断する立場は、人命にかかわる問題であるから医学的証明や判断に厳密さが要求される。そのハードルの高さが実用化を妨げていたのである。本発明はビデオカメラだけの使用であるから簡単、安価であり実用化に適する。
【0021】
本発明によれば、同一人物の先と後の画像の比較であるから顔の表情における個人差が出ない。また、画像選定による利点は運転姿勢の適正、不適正の判断は経験しながら後日、調整ができ使用を重ねるうちに標準画像が安定したものとなる。また警報による誤作動や過敏な反応はかえってわずらわしいものだが、危険範囲を運転者が自ら時間設定できるから経験と技量の差に応じた設定が可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施例を示す監視装置を構成する一ブロック図である。
【符号の説明】
1  操行前運転者
2  画像確認
3  画像選定手段
4  時間設定手段
5  ビデオカメラ
6  モニター
7,10 A/D変換器
8  標準画像メモリ
9  運転中運転者
11  画像データ
12  照合部
13,14、15、16  標準画像
17  照合不一致画像
18  判定部
19  適正画像
20  不適正画像
21  カウント設定装置
22  警報装置
23  照合判定制御部
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a driver monitoring device that monitors a driver of an automobile or the like and issues an alarm to a driver who drives in an inappropriate driving posture.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various methods have been devised for preventing automobile accidents caused by sleepless driving and the like. The main one is to detect the body by using a device such as a sensor or a camera, and to accurately determine the sneezing state.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, it is extremely difficult to accurately determine the physiological phenomenon of sleep. I can't realize that this time is now. There are signs, but the boundaries between falling asleep are not clear. Sleep cannot be said to be completely elucidated in modern medicine, and it is not easy to measure and detect a dozing phenomenon that cannot be recognized by a person using a sensor or the like. If it is intended to judge sneezing truly accurately, a very precise mechanical device must be mounted on an automobile or the like, which is impossible from the viewpoint of cost.
[0004]
The video camera method also has a limitation in accurately determining a dozing state by the camera alone from its original function. Inevitably, the judgment must be made in combination with other judging means. However, there are individual differences and situation differences between the objects, and as a result, an accurate and stable device has not been provided. On the other hand, accidents due to drowsy driving have occurred frequently, and the realization of an accident prevention device is awaited.However, none of the inventions is so strict and precise that it requires accurate accuracy of sneezing judgment and has not been put to practical use. It is.
[0005]
The present invention does not attempt to determine the physiological phenomenon of dozing unlike the conventional technology. In daily life, we experience that, for example, a child who is tired of playing, a salaryman sitting on the other side of a train, etc., can observe the transition to a dozing state better than the person himself. The present invention is characterized in that the role of the third party is replaced with a video camera. In other words, instead of judging whether to be asleep or not, if the image projected and monitored within the functioning range of the video camera is judged to be an inappropriate driving posture, a warning is issued to the driver, and the device is simple and inexpensive. To realize practical use.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention monitors an improper driving posture of a driver by using a video camera of the state of the art that has reached the present age in an automobile. It is an era when a 300,000-pixel digital video camera is marketed, and it is considered that monitoring with the video camera can grasp the driving state fairly accurately.
[0007]
The operation of the above problem solving means is as follows. That is, before operating the vehicle in advance, the driver gazes ahead, turns sideways, closes his eyes, lowers his head, etc., by means of a video camera installed in front of the driver in various aspects while driving the vehicle. The driver himself / herself selects and improperly selects a plurality of images while photographing and visually confirming the images on a monitor, and stores and stores the images as standard images. Next, when actually driving the automobile, the video camera shoots the driver while driving, and the captured image data and the already stored standard image are sequentially collated and matched with each other. A signal processed as an incorrect image is counted, and an alarm is issued when the count continuously reaches a preset time.
[0008]
According to the present invention, there is no individual difference in the facial expression because the comparison is made between the image of the same person before and after the image. In addition, the determination of proper or inappropriate driving posture largely depends on experience. Therefore, the standard image becomes more stable because the driver can set the standard image while visually checking the monitor. The camera distinguishes the opening and closing of the eyelids, but does not distinguish between dozing and blinking. Although closing the eyelids is inconvenient for driving, it is processed as an improper image. However, an alarm sounds one by one, which hinders troublesome and comfortable driving. Blinking is not immediately dangerous. Also, when looking sideways, the face is not necessarily looking aside, but the face may be turned sideways instantly for left / right confirmation. How long the posture determined to be inappropriate is safe depends on the skill and experience. Therefore, the driver can set the time at his / her own risk.
[0009]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0010]
In the figure, reference numeral 6 denotes a monitor, which is means for the driver 1 before driving to take an image of himself / herself with the video camera 5 and visually check a still image thereof, and the image is converted into a digital image by the A / D converter 7.
[0011]
Reference numeral 8 denotes a standard image memory, which is an image storage unit for sending the digital image to the collation determination control unit 23. Reference numerals 13, 14, 15, and 16 are standard images, and storage means for selectively storing images from the image storage means.
[0012]
The image data 11 is image data of the driving driver 9 obtained by capturing an image of the driving driver 9 by the video camera 5 and digitally converting the image by the A / D converter 10.
[0013]
Reference numeral 23 denotes a collation determination control unit, and 12 a collation unit for collating the standard images 13, 14, 15, and 16 with the image data 11. Reference numeral 17 denotes a mismatched image. Numeral 18 denotes a judging section for judging a proper image 19 and an improper image 20.
[0014]
Reference numeral 21 denotes a count setting unit which receives a signal from the determination unit 18 and outputs the signal to an alarm unit 22 when the signal count exceeds a preset time set by the time setting unit 4 to issue an alarm. It is.
[0015]
Hereinafter, the operation of the above configuration will be described. The driver 1 before the operation arrives at the driver's seat and takes an image of his / her own face, which gazes ahead, with the video camera 5, and visually confirms the still image on the monitor 6. The image is converted into a digital image by the A / D converter 7 and stored in the standard image memory 8. Similarly, the pre-operation driver 1 captures images of various aspects of the face, for example, looking sideways, closing his eyes, lowering his head, etc., while taking a standard operation during driving, and visually confirms the image while storing it in the standard image memory 8. To memorize.
[0016]
Each of the still images stored in the standard image memory 8 is sent to the collation determination control unit 23. At the same time, while the image selection unit 3 selects appropriateness or inappropriateness, the user looks at the front of the storage unit in the collation unit. The image is stored in the standard image 13, the image looking a little sideways is stored in the standard image 14, the image with the eyes closed is stored in the standard image 15, and the image with the head lowered is stored in the standard image 16.
[0017]
The video camera 5 captures an image of the driver 9 during driving, converts the image to digital by the A / D converter 10, and sends it to the image data 11. The image data is sequentially sent to the collation determination control unit 23 and collated with the standard images 13, 14, 15, and 16 already stored in the collation unit 12. As a result of the comparison, of the matched image data, the image data that matched the standard images 13 and 14 matched the proper image 19, and the image data that matched the standard images 15 and 16 matched the incorrect image 20. The image data is sent to the incorrect image 20 through the mismatched image 17.
[0018]
The determination unit 18 determines whether the proper image 19 or the improper image 20 is present, and outputs the signal to the count setting device 21 by converting the former to zero and the latter to 1. In the count setting device 21, the upper limit of the count is previously set in the time setting means 4 by the pre-operation driver 1 in advance. When the signal input from the judging unit 18 continuously exceeds the set time, the count setting device 21 is output to the alarm device 22 to activate an alarm and to warn an improper driving posture to prevent an accident. it can.
[0019]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, an effect of monitoring improper operation can be obtained.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the monitoring device of the present invention determines appropriateness or inappropriateness within the range of the function of the camera, it does not determine whether it is actually dozing even if it helps to fall asleep. Since the conventional position of accurately judging the state of sickness is a problem related to human life, rigorous medical proof and judgment are required. The height of the hurdle hindered practical application. The present invention is simple, inexpensive and suitable for practical use because it uses only a video camera.
[0021]
According to the present invention, there is no individual difference in the facial expression because the comparison is made between the image of the same person and the image after the same person. The advantage of the image selection is that the standard image becomes stable as the driving posture is adjusted and can be adjusted at a later date through repeated use while experiencing the determination of the appropriateness or inappropriateness of the driving posture. In addition, malfunctions and responsive reactions caused by alarms are rather troublesome, but since the driver can set the danger range by himself / herself, the setting can be made according to the difference between experience and skill.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Driver before operation 2 Image confirmation 3 Image selection means 4 Time setting means 5 Video camera 6 Monitor 7, 10 A / D converter 8 Standard image memory 9 Driver during driving 11 Image data 12 Collation units 13, 14, 15, 16 Standard image 17 Collation mismatch image 18 Judgment unit 19 Proper image 20 Incorrect image 21 Count setting device 22 Alarm device 23 Collation judgment control unit

Claims (1)

自動車等の運転席に着いた運転者の顔部分を撮影する撮像手段と、予め自動車等を操行させる前に運転者が前記撮像手段により撮影した自身の様々な態様の静止画像を映し出し確認する目視確認手段と、該画像を記憶する画像記憶手段と、該画像の適正、不適正を選別しながら標準画像として格納する標準画像格納手段と、現実に自動車を操行させる際、前記撮像手段で運転中の運転者を撮影し撮像された画像データと前記標準画像格納手段に格納されていた標準画像とを順次、照合し一致する画像を処理する照合制御手段と、該照合制御手段において照合された画像のうち適正画像と不適正画像とを仕分して信号を出力する判定制御手段と、該判定制御手段より出力された信号をカウントし不適正画像のカウント数が連続して予め設定しておいた設定時間に達したとき警報を発するよう制御されたカウント設定手段とを備えた運転者監視装置。Imaging means for photographing a driver's face portion in a driver's seat of an automobile or the like; and visual observation for projecting and confirming various kinds of still images of the driver himself / herself photographed by the imaging means before operating the automobile or the like in advance. Confirmation means, image storage means for storing the image, standard image storage means for storing the image as a standard image while selecting the appropriateness or inadequacy of the image, when the vehicle is actually operated by the imaging means when actually driving the car Collation control means for sequentially collating and processing the image data obtained by photographing the driver and the standard image stored in the standard image storage means and processing a matching image; and the image collated by the collation control means. A determination control unit that sorts out an appropriate image and an incorrect image and outputs a signal, and counts the signals output from the determination control unit and continuously sets a count number of the incorrect image in advance. Driver monitoring device that includes a counting setting means is controlled to emit an alarm upon reaching a set time had.
JP2002302351A 2002-09-10 2002-09-10 Driver monitoring device Pending JP2004102971A (en)

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JP2008167429A (en) * 2006-12-20 2008-07-17 Axis Ab Camera tampering detection
JP2008257381A (en) * 2007-04-03 2008-10-23 Sony Corp Information analyzing system, information analyzing device, information analyzing method, information analyzing program, and recording medium
JP2017016589A (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-19 パラマウントベッド株式会社 Object person guiding device, object person guiding method, program and object person guiding system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008167429A (en) * 2006-12-20 2008-07-17 Axis Ab Camera tampering detection
JP4629090B2 (en) * 2006-12-20 2011-02-09 アクシス アクチボラグ Camera tampering detection
US8073261B2 (en) 2006-12-20 2011-12-06 Axis Ab Camera tampering detection
JP2008257381A (en) * 2007-04-03 2008-10-23 Sony Corp Information analyzing system, information analyzing device, information analyzing method, information analyzing program, and recording medium
JP2017016589A (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-19 パラマウントベッド株式会社 Object person guiding device, object person guiding method, program and object person guiding system

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