JP2004097850A

JP2004097850A - Confluent pipe for air/wet material and force-transfer spray method for wet material using the confluent pipe

Info

Publication number: JP2004097850A
Application number: JP2002259009A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Haruhisa Tadokoro; 田所　治久
Original assignee: Shintec Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shintec Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-09-04
Filing date: 2002-09-04
Publication date: 2004-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2022-09-04
Also published as: JP3881605B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a wet material mainly comprising mortar, concrete, or a greening base material to be completely dispersed, smoothly force-transferred, and sprayed without causing clogging in a confluent pipe or a pipeline and to enable the remaining pressure to be safely and easily discharged when clogging occurs. <P>SOLUTION: A wet-material introduction pipe 27 is fixed to the side wall of the confluent pipe 25 for air/the wet material; an air introduction pipe 28 is connected to one side of the wet-material introduction pipe 27 in the direction orthogonal to the flowing direction of the wet material; an air jetting port 28a is formed at a position near the opening end face of the wet-material introduction pipe 27; at a position on a straight line facing the wet-material introduction pipe 27, a remaining pressure discharge pipe 37 is provided so that the inner side opening faces the opening end face of the wet-material introduction pipe 27 with a certain distance and so that a blank cap 31 is freely detachably attached to the inner side opening; and a feed pipe 29 is arranged at the other side facing the air introduction pipe 28. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、法面，擁壁，トンネル，地下構造物等の構築，補修，補強或いは法面の緑化工事等の施工に際して、モルタル又はコンクリート或いは緑化基盤材等を主体とする湿式材料を圧送ポンプとエアを併用して吹付ける工法において、圧送された湿式材料にエアを合流させるためのエア・湿式材料の合流管と該合流管を使用した湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来からモルタル又はコンクリート或いは緑化基盤材を主体とする湿式材料を法面，擁壁，トンネル，地下構造物等の構築，補修，補強或いは法面の緑化工事等の各種工事現場の施工場所に搬送して吹付ける工法として、ポンプ圧送とエア搬送を併用するポンプ圧送＋エア搬送吹付け工法が一般に採用されている。
【０００３】
この圧送ポンプとエアを併用して法面、擁壁等の構築，補修，補強或いは法面の緑化工事等の工事を行う例を図９に基づいて説明すると、ピストン式圧送ポンプ１を使用し、このピストン式圧送ポンプ１から吐出管１８を介して管内径６５〜８０ｍｍの鉄管又は高圧ホースからなる圧送配管２，３，４を必要本数だけ連結して、数メートル〜数百メートルの長さに及ぶ所定長さの圧送配管路を構築する。ピストン式圧送ポンプ１はピストンとシリンダを有する２基のプランジャポンプＰ，Ｍからなり、吸込み管１７，１７ａから吸入した湿式材料をピストンの交互駆動によって吐出管１８に連続的に送給可能となっている。
【０００４】
鉄管又は高圧ホースからなる圧送配管４の先端部に、圧送配管内径と同じ６５〜８０ｍｍの合流管５を取り付け、該合流管５にエアホース接続口６と急結剤ホース接続口７を設ける。該合流管５の先はゴムホース又はポリホース９の内径に合わすために内径６５〜８０ｍｍから３８〜５０ｍｍになる絞り管を設け、端部にゴムホース又はポリホース９を長さ１０〜６０メートル程度取付け、該ゴムホース又はポリホース９の先端部に吹付けノズル１０を取り付ける。そしてエアホース接続口６に図外のコンプレッサから得られる高圧空気を供給することにより、合流管５内で湿式材料がエアと合流して小団粒子化され、ゴムホース又はポリホース９を介して吹付けノズル１０から吹付けが行われる。なお、上記急結剤ホース接続口７の配設位置は合流管５に限定されず、吹付けノズル１０又は、該吹付けノズル１０の数メートル手前に接続することもある。
【０００５】
一方、湿式材料の中でも高品質，高強度なモルタルとかコンクリート、客土等の高粘土材料をエア搬送すると、ホース内に材料が付着して搬送できないものがあり、このような場合には図１０に示したように吹付け施工場所まで圧送配管２，３，４内を２基のプランジャポンプＰ，Ｍのピストンの交互駆動によってポンプ圧送し、該圧送配管４の先端部に取り付けた合流管５を介して吹付けノズル１０から吹付けを行う手段も知られている。
【０００６】
法面、擁壁或いは法面の緑化工事施工時には作業員が吹付けノズル１０を持って作業するので、湿式材料の吹付け量は時間当り２〜７ｍ^３、高圧空気の最高使用圧力は０．６９Ｍｐａ，高圧空気量は１０〜１８Ｎｍ^３／ｍｉｎが一般的である。
【０００７】
トンネル、地下構造物の施工時に、作業員がゴムホース又はポリホース９先端の吹付けノズル１０を保持して行う場合は、上記記載の内容と同じとなるが、吹付けでロボットを使用する場合には、湿式材料の吹付け量は時間当り１０〜３０ｍ^３、圧送配管４の長さは５〜１０ｍ，管内径は８０〜１０５ｍｍのものを使用し、高圧空気の最高使用圧力は０．６９Ｍｐａ，高圧空気量は１０〜２０Ｎｍ^３／ｍｉｎが一般的である。合流管５から先のゴムホース又はポリホース９の長さは１０〜２０ｍ，内径は６５ｍｍのものを使用している。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記したように圧送配管４内をポンプ圧送してきた湿式材料を合流管５でエアと合流させ、所定長さのゴムホース又はポリホース９内をエア搬送し、吹付けノズル１０から吹付ける際に、合流管５内でエアにより材料が十分に分散されずに送給管に送られ、ゴムホース又はポリホース９、吹付けノズル１０で材料の搬送抵抗が変化することにより脈動が発生し、吹き付け作業が均一にできない。また、材料分離も発生し、仕上がり強度が均一でなく、かつ、吹付け時のリバウンドロスも多く発生する等の問題がある外、閉塞の頻度が多いという課題がある。
【０００９】
また、合流管５の先の送給管及びゴムホース又はポリホース９の継手部や吹付けノズル１０等が湿式材料の塊とか異物混入，急結剤の硬化等によって閉塞した場合に、ゴムホース又はポリホース９を叩いて閉塞を解除する方法もあるが、この方法が通じないケースでは閉塞した個所を切り離して湿式材料の塊とか異物を取り除く作業が要求される。合流管５及びゴムホース又はポリホース９内には約０．７〜０．８Ｍｐａの圧縮エアが存在しているため、閉塞した個所を切り離した際に湿式材料が爆発的に飛散して危険であるという問題がある。
【００１０】
上記に対処して合流管５のエアホース接続口６手前で分岐して残圧排出用ボールバルブ又はゲートバルブを取り付けたり、合流管５の本体側面に単管を溶接して該単管にボールバルブ又はゲートバルブを取り付けて残圧を排出する手段も知られているが、残圧排出の際にエアとともに湿式材料も噴出してバルブ内で二次的閉塞を起こす難点がある。また、ボールバルブ又はゲートバルブは、接続するためのネジ込み部を両端に設けており、合流管５の本体端面との間に湿式材料の塊が滞留したままになり、湿式材料が固着してバルブを開にしても残圧が抜けないので、バルブ内に棒を差し込んで固着した材料や二次閉塞を解除しながら残圧を排出するという危険性を伴う作業が必要となる。
【００１１】
また、圧送配管２，３，４内に残留した湿式材料が硬化することを防ぐために、毎回作業の終了前には圧送配管２，３，４内の材料を排出しなければならない。その湿式材料は無駄を少なくするため廃棄せず、できるだけ使用するので排出しながら吹付けを作業を行う。排出には通常、圧送配管２，３，４、合流管５及びゴムホース又はポリホース９内の湿式材料の排出と洗浄を兼ねることができ、しかも安全に行える水を使用している。しかし、湿式材料に水が混入すると湿式材料の仕上がり強度が低下し、また材料分離による配管内閉塞を起こす。その防止策として、湿式材料と水とを隔て、湿式材料に水が混入しないようにするための遮水用の詰め物を使用する。遮水用の詰め物は通常、円筒状のスポンジ又はゴム製でリップ付の円筒状のピストンクリーナを使用している。法面施工の場合で、圧送配管内径約７０ｍｍの場合を例にとると、使用する遮水用の詰め物は、スポンジを使用する場合、直径１２０ｍｍ、長さ１３０ｍｍのものを２〜５個使用し、ピストンクリーナを使用する場合は、直径７６ｍｍ、長さ１２０ｍｍのものを１個だけ使用する。
【００１２】
排出方法は、まず、ピストン式圧送ポンプ１及び、合流管５のエアを停止し、ピストン式圧送ポンプ１に接続している圧送配管２又は３を切り離し、その切り離した圧送配管２又は３内に、遮水用の詰め物を挿入し、高圧水を注水できる蓋を取り付ける。再度合流管５にエアを添加し、高圧水を圧送配管２又は３内に注水しながら吹付け作業を行う。遮水用の詰め物が合流管５に入らないように合流管５の近くに作業員を１名配置し、合流管５の手前数ｍの所に遮水用の詰め物が到達した時点で注水作業員に連絡し、圧送配管２又は３内への注水及び合流管のエアを止め、合流管５と接続している圧送配管４を切り離して再度注水を行い、残った数ｍ分の圧送配管内の材料と、遮水用の詰め物を押し出し、再度注水を止め、切り離した圧送配管４と合流管５とを接続し、再び合流管５のエアを添加し、再度注水を行い、合流管５及びゴムホース又はポリホース９内を洗浄して作業終了となる。
【００１３】
上記作業は、作業員が遮水用の詰め物の位置を確認し、注水、エア添加作業員に連絡し、合流管５の手前の圧送配管４を切り離したり、接続したりしなければならず大変煩雑な作業であり、又合流管５の手前数ｍ分の圧送配管４内に残った材料を廃棄しなくてはならない。遮水用の詰め物の位置は、圧送配管４を鉄棒などで軽く叩くことで、水のある所と、材料のある所の音の違いにより、ある程度の位置を確認できる。しかし、圧送配管４内の湿式材料を極力使用するために、遮水用の詰め物が合流管５の近傍にくるまで注水を行い、注水停止の連絡や操作の遅れから合流管５内に詰め物を入れてしまうことがよくある。
【００１４】
遮水用の詰め物を合流管５内に入れてしまうと、その先の絞り管まですぐエアで飛ばされ、その中で強く締め固まって停止する場合と、その先のゴムホース又はポリホース９まで入り込み、取れなくなる場合がある。絞り管で詰まった場合は、絞り管の出口側から木の棒のようなものを差し込み、ハンマーで強く叩きながら取り出す。また、ゴムホース又はポリホース９内に詰まったものは、エアで無理に押し出そうとすると、ゴムホース又はポリホース９の先より飛び出す時爆発的に飛び出し、又途中でホースが破裂する場合もあり、大変危険である。
【００１５】
そこで本発明は上記の課題を解決して、法面，擁壁，トンネル，地下構造物等の構築，補修，補強或いは法面の緑化工事等の施工に際して、合流管内でエアにより湿式材料を効率良く十分に分散させることにより、エア搬送中に発生する材料分離や脈動を抑え、閉塞の頻度を少なくし、吹き付け作業及び仕上がり強度の均一性を向上させ、吹付け時のリバウンドロスを少なくすること、又合流管若しくは、その先のゴムホース又はポリホースや継手部、吹付けノズル等で閉塞時の残圧を安全で簡単に排出することができるとともに毎回作業の終了前に行なう圧送配管内の湿式材料の排出及び、洗浄作業が容易に行なえ、かつ、圧送配管内の材料を略１００％使用できるエア・湿式材料の合流管と該合流管を使用した湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【００１６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記目的を達成するために、モルタル又はコンクリート或いは緑化基盤材を主体とした湿式材料を圧送ポンプを使用して所定長さの圧送配管内を圧送し、圧送配管先端に配設したエア・湿式材料の合流管において湿式材料にエアを合流させて、吹付けノズルから吹付けるようにした湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法において、上記エア・湿式材料の合流管の側壁部に、湿式材料の導入管を固着し、湿式材料の導入管の湿式材料の流入方向と直交する方向の一方にエア導入管を連結して、湿式材料の導入管の開口端面に近接した位置にエア噴出口を形成し、前記湿式材料の導入管と対向する一直線上の位置に、内部側開口部が湿式材料の導入管の開口端面と一定長離反して対面し、内部側開口部に盲蓋が脱着自在に取り付けられた残圧排出管を設け、エア導入管と対向した他方に送給管を設けたエア・湿式材料の合流管と該合流管を使用した湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法を基本手段として提供する。
【００１７】
前記エア噴出口をスリット状とし、前記残圧排出管及び、湿式材料の導入管の開口端面を合流管の径方向に延長してある。
【００１８】
具体的には前記圧送配管の先端部にエアと湿式材料が合流する合流管を配設し、この合流管の湿式材料の流入方向と直交する方向の一方にエア導入管を連結するとともに他方に送給管を取り付け、該送給管にホースを介して吹付けノズルを取り付けたことにより、湿式材料の導入管の開口端面から流入してきた湿式材料をスリット状のエア噴出口からの高圧空気により連続的に切断して分散・分粒により小団粒子として吹付けノズルから吹き付けるようにした。また、前記合流管の送給管を吹付けノズルとして使用することもできる。
【００１９】
更に、前記合流管本体内の湿式材料の導入管と対向する一直線上の位置に、内部側開口部が湿式材料の導入管の開口端面と一定長離反して対面し、内部側開口部に盲蓋が脱着自在に固定された残圧排出管を設け、湿式材料が閉塞した際に残圧排出管内の盲蓋を抜き取って残圧を抜く手段、及び圧送配管内の材料を排出する際に、高圧水と材料を隔てる遮水用詰め物を用い、圧送配管内に高圧水を注水しながら遮水用詰め物を通過させ、該遮水用詰め物が圧送配管から合流管本体内に進入して残圧排出管内の盲蓋に突き当たって停止し、残圧排出管内の盲蓋を抜き取って遮水用詰め物を排出できるようにした手段を提供する。そして、遮水用詰め物としてピストンクリーナを使用し、残圧排出管及び、湿式材料の導入管の内径をピストンクリーナの直径以上としてある。
【００２０】
かかるエア・湿式材料の合流管及び該合流管を使用した湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法によれば、湿式材料を圧送ポンプの駆動により圧送配管を介して合流管本体内に連続的に送り込み、同時に高圧空気をエア導入管を介して合流管本体に供給すると、湿式材料はスリット状のエア噴出口から噴射された高圧空気によって連続的に切断され、十分に分散されて脈動や材料分離を抑え、合流管内若しくは、送給管、その先のホースやノズルで閉塞を起こさずにスムーズにエア搬送され、目的とする場所に吹き付けることができる。
【００２１】
また、合流管本体内の湿式材料の導入管と対向する一直線上の位置に内部側開口部が湿式材料の導入管の開口端面と一定長離反して対面し、内部側開口部に盲蓋が脱着自在に固定された残圧排出管を設けたことにより、湿式材料が合流管若しくは、その先のホースや継手部、ノズル等で閉塞した際に残圧排出管内の盲蓋を抜き取って簡単・安全に残圧を排出することができる。更に作業終了前に圧送配管内に遮水用詰め物としてピストンクリーナを挿入し、注水しながら圧送配管内を通過させることにより、圧送配管内に残留する湿式材料を排出しながら吹付けを行い、該遮水用詰め物としてのピストンクリーナが圧送配管から合流管本体内に進入して残圧排出管内の盲蓋に突き当たって停止するので、安全でしかも作業を簡略化でき、かつ、圧送配管内の材料を略１００％使用できる。また、湿式材料の導入管の内径をピストンクリーナの直径以上の大きさにすることにより、ピストンクリーナが湿式材料の導入管内に入った時点でピストンクリーナの外径との間に隙間が生じて合流管内に洗浄用の水が流入し、合流管内と送給管及びホースや吹付けノズルをそのまま洗浄することができ、作業をより効率良く行なえる。
【００２２】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下図面に基づいて本発明にかかるエア・湿式材料の合流管及び該合流管を使用した湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法の具体的な実施形態を、従来の構成と同一の構成部分に同一の符号を付して説明する。なお、本発明で使用する圧送ポンプは、ピストン式圧送ポンプとチューブ式圧送ポンプの双方が使用可能でり、本実施の形態においてはピストン式圧送ポンプを使用した例に基づいて説明する。図１は本発明を適用した湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法を示す概要図であり、１はピストン式圧送ポンプ、１８は該ピストン式圧送ポンプ１から導出された吐出管であって、圧送配管２の他端部に鉄管又は高圧ホースからなる圧送配管４を必要本数だけ連結して、数メートル〜数百メートルの長さに及ぶ所定長さの圧送配管路を構築する。ピストン式圧送ポンプ１はピストンとシリンダを有する２基のプランジャポンプＰ，Ｍからなり、吸込み管１７，１７ａから吸入した湿式材料をピストンの交互駆動によって吐出管１８に連続的に送給可能となっている。
【００２３】
鉄管又は高圧ホースからなる圧送配管４の先端部に、本発明が主眼としているエア・湿式材料の合流管２５が配設されている。この合流管２５の湿式材料の流入方向と直交する方向の一方にエアホース接続口６を設けてあり、他方にゴムホース又はポリホース９を取り付け、該ゴムホース又はポリホース９の先端部に吹付けノズル１０が取り付けられている。そしてエアホース接続口６に図外のコンプレッサから得られる高圧空気を供給することにより、合流管２５内で湿式材料がエアと合流して小団粒子化され、ゴムホース又はポリホース９を介して吹付けノズル１０から吹付けが行われる。
【００２４】
図２は上記合流管２５の平面図、図３は図２のＡ−Ａ線に沿う断面図、図４は図２のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う断面図であり、以下法面、擁壁或いは法面の緑化工事施工に使用する実施例として説明する。尚、トンネル，地下構造物等の構築，補修，補強の場合はサイズの相違があるが構造的には一致している。図２に示す２６は合流管本体、２７は圧送配管４の先端部に取り付けられた湿式材料の導入管、２９は湿式材料の送給管であり、導入管２７は合流管本体２６の側壁部に対して直角方向から連結され、該導入管２７の開口端面２７ａは合流管本体２６の径方向内部に所定長だけ延長した位置に設けてある。
【００２５】
２８はエア導入管であり、このエア導入管２８は前記エアホース接続口６に連結されて合流管２５内に流入する湿式材料の流入方向と直交する方向に配置されている。そして前記湿式材料の導入管２７の開口端面２７ａに近接した位置にエア導入管２８から導出されたスリット状のエア噴出口２８ａが設けられている。このエア噴出口２８ａは開口端面２７ａの内径と概ね同じ長さを有して合流管本体２６の径方向略中央部に位置しており、湿式材料が導入管２７から合流管本体２６内に圧密状態で流入するのと同時にエア噴出口２８ａから開口端面２７ａと平行に高圧空気が噴出し、湿式材料が連続的に切断されて送給管２９方向に送り込まれるようになっている。
【００２６】
更に合流管本体２６内の前記湿式材料の導入管２７と対向する一直線上の位置に残圧排出管３７が設けられている。この残圧排出管３７の内部側開口部は導入管２７の開口端面２７ａと一定長離反して対面しており、この内部側開口部にＯリング３０を介在して盲蓋３１が脱着自在に固定されている。３２は残圧排出管３７を合流管本体２６から脱着させるための取っ手であり、該取っ手３２の先端部が支柱３２ａの上端部に軸支され、略中間部が支柱３３の上端部に残圧排出管固定用のボルト３４とナット３５により固定され、残圧排出管３７の作動杆３１ａの他端部が取っ手３２の一端に軸支部３６で軸支されている。４２は保護パイプである。
【００２７】
法面、擁壁或いは法面の緑化工事施工に使用する実施例として、湿式材料の吹付け量は時間当り２〜７ｍ^３、圧送配管４の内径は約７０ｍｍ，作業性を考慮してゴムホース又はポリホース９の長さは０〜６０ｍ、内径は４２〜４４ｍｍとし、高圧空気の最高使用圧力は０．６９Ｍｐａ，高圧空気量は５〜７Ｎｍ^３／ｍｉｎ，エアホースは内径２５ｍｍ以上のものを使用し、エア噴出口２８ａは縦７９ｍｍ，幅４ｍｍの溝状に形成されている。送給管２９は合流管本体２６の接続口の内径が約８０ｍｍ，他端部の内径が約４０ｍｍ，長さ４００〜６００ｍｍの絞り管を用いている。また、残圧排出管３７の内部側開口部は内径約８０ｍｍ、合流管本体２６の径中央壁部から２４ｍｍだけ内部に延長されている。
【００２８】
トンネル及び地下構造物の施工時に、作業員が吹付けノズル１０を保持して行う場合は上記と同一であり、ロボットで行う場合には湿式材料の時間当たりの吹付け量は１０〜３０ｍ^３で圧送配管４の長さは５〜２５ｍ，内径は６５〜１０５ｍｍのものを使用し、合流管２５に投入する高圧空気の最高使用圧力は０．６９Ｍｐａ，空気量は５〜１５Ｎｍ^３／ｍｉｎ，ゴムホース又はポリホース９の長さは０〜２０ｍとする。更に吹付けノズル１０又は吹付けノズル１０の数メートル手前に急結剤ホースを接続して、湿式材料内に急結剤を添加する。図１では急結剤用の導入管の図示は省略されている。
【００２９】
かかる湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法によれば、生コンクリート等の湿式材料をピストン式圧送ポンプ１の駆動により圧送配管４を介して合流管本体２６内に連続的に送り込み、同時に図外のコンプレッサにより得られた高圧空気をエア導入管２８を介してエア噴出口２８ａから合流管本体２６に供給する。導入管２７の開口端面２７ａから圧密状態で流入してきた湿式材料はスリット状のエア噴出口２８ａから噴出する高圧空気により連続的に切断されながら完全に分散・分粒されて小団粒子となり、送給管２９を経由してゴムホース又はポリホース９を通って吹付けノズル１０から目的とする場所に材料分離，脈動，閉塞もなく、湿式材料がスムーズにエア搬送されて吹付け作業を遂行することができる。
【００３０】
合流管２５若しくは、その先のホースやゴムホース又はポリホース９の継手部、吹付けノズル１０等で閉塞を起こした場合には合流管２５内に０．７〜０．８Ｍｐａの圧縮空気が溜まっているため、直径が８０ｍｍの盲蓋３１には３５０〜４００ｋｇの圧力がかかっており、作業員一人の力では残圧を抜くことができない。そこで図５に示すように取っ手３２に長さが約１．５〜２メートルのパイプ４１を差し込み、ナット３５を外してボルト３４を緩め、パイプ４１の操作により盲蓋３１を抜く。図６は保護パイプ４２内で完全に残圧を排出した状態を示している。保護パイプ４２は残圧排出の際に噴出する湿式材料が周囲に飛散することを防止する機能を有している。
【００３１】
図７は作業終了前に圧送配管４内に残留する湿式材料を排出、洗浄するための遮水用詰め物としてのウレタンゴム製ピストンクリーナ４３の形状例を示しており、該ピストンクリーナ４３の長さは１２０ｍｍ，直径７６ｍｍとなっていて、湿式材料の導入管２７の内径をピストンクリーナ４３の直径以上の約８０ｍｍとすることにより、ピストンクリーナ４３を合流管２５で停止させ、ピストンクリーナ４３が合流管２５の導入管２７内に入った時点で、導入管２７の内径とピストンクリーナ４３の外径との間に隙間が生じ、合流管２５内に水が流れ込み、合流管２５内及び、その先の送給管２９、ゴムホース又はポリホース９をそのまま洗浄できるため、作業をより簡素化でき、かつ、圧送配管４内の湿式材料を略１００％使用できる。ピストンクリーナ４３の到達確認は、注水作業員に連絡しなくても、ピストンクリーナ４３が合流管２５に到達した時点で注水圧力が降下することで確認できる。該ピストンクリーナ４３の取出し方法は、残圧排出管３７の内径をピストンクリーナ４３の直径以上の約８０ｍｍにすることにより、盲蓋３１を抜き取り再度注水するだけで残圧排出管３７より排出される。
【００３２】
図８は本発明の圧送吹付け工法の他の実施形態を示す概要図であり、基本的な構成は図１に示した概要図とほぼ一致しているため、同一の符号を付して表示してある。この例ではピストン式圧送ポンプ１から導出された圧送配管４により数メートル〜数百メートルの長さに及ぶ所定長さの圧送配管路を構築し、該圧送配管路の先端部にエア・湿式材料の合流管２５を取り付け、この合流管２５に直接吹付けノズル１０を取り付けてある。
【００３３】
かかる実施形態によれば、湿式材料の中でも高強度なモルタルとかコンクリート、客土を吹付け施工場所までピストン式圧送ポンプ１によりポンプ圧送し、施工場所で前記したように高圧空気をエア導入管２８を介してスリット状のエア噴出口２８ａから合流管本体２６に供給することにより、湿式材料は高圧空気により連続的に切断されながら分散・分粒されて小団粒子となり、吹付けノズル１０から目的とする場所に吹き付けることができる。この実施形態は特に湿式材料の性質上からエア搬送時にホース内に材料が付着して搬送がスムーズに行えない材料を使用するケースで有効である。
【００３４】
以上説明した本発明の実施形態によれば、湿式材料を合流管２５により小団粒子に分解することにより、送給管２９に接続されたゴムホース又はポリホース９内を湿式材料が分散して流れ、湿式材料の閉塞の頻度を少なくするとともに吹付け時の脈動を最小限とし、かつ、湿式材料の分離やリバウンドロスを少なくすることができ、また一連の作業を安全にしかも簡素化できる。高スランプ値の湿式材料を吹付ける際には、図示は省略するが合流管２５のエアホース接続口６を分岐して急結剤ホースを接続し、湿式材料に高圧空気とともに急結剤ポンプを用いて急結剤を添加してから吹付けを行うこともできる。また、吹付けノズル１０又は該吹付けノズル１０の数メートル手前に急結剤ホースを接続して急結剤を添加してもよい。尚、急結剤ポンプと急結剤ホースは必要に応じて設ければよく、本発明においては不可欠な構成要素ではない。
【００３５】
【発明の効果】
本発明にかかるエア・湿式材料の合流管及び該合流管を使用した湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法によれば、法面，擁壁，トンネル，地下構造物等の構築，補修，補強或いは法面の緑化工事等の施工において、合流管内に湿式材料がスリット状のエア噴出口から噴射された高圧空気によって効率よく連続的に切断され、完全に分散・分粒されて小団粒子となってスムーズに圧送され、吹付けノズルから目的とする場所に吹き付けることができる。更に湿式材料が十分に小団粒子化されたことにより、圧送配管内での湿式材料の脈動発生が抑えられ、施工面に対する湿式材料の均一な吹付け作業が可能となって仕上がり強度を均一とし、材料ロスは最小限にして外観及び施工精度の面からも満足する結果が得られる。
【００３６】
また、合流管本体内の湿式材料の導入管と対向する一直線上の位置に対面して配置された残圧排出管内の盲蓋を抜き取ることにより、異物混入等により合流管もしくはその先のホースの継手部及び吹付けノズルで閉塞があっても湿式材料が滞留したり固着することもなく、エアとともに材料がスムーズに噴出して安全に残圧を排出することができる。
【００３７】
更に作業終了前に注水しながらピストンクリーナを圧送配管内に通過させることによって圧送配管内に残留する湿式材料を排出しながら吹付けを行い、略１００％材料を使用することができ、しかも湿式材料の導入管の内径をピストンクリーナの直径以上の大きさにすることにより、ピストンクリーナが湿式材料の導入管内に入った時点でピストンクリーナの外径との間に隙間が生じて合流管内に洗浄用の水が流入し、合流管内とその先の送給管及びホース内を効率よく洗浄することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明にかかるエア・湿式材料の合流管を使用した圧送吹付け工法を全体的に示す概要図。
【図２】本発明で用いた合流管の平面図。
【図３】図２のＡ−Ａ線に沿う断面図。
【図４】図２のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う断面図。
【図５】本発明における使用時の態様を示す要部平面図。
【図６】本発明における使用時の態様を示す要部平面図。
【図７】本発明で用いたピストンクリーナの形状例を示す平面図。
【図８】本発明の他の実施例による圧送吹付け工法を全体的に示す概要図。
【図９】従来の圧送ポンプとエアを併用した湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法を示す概要図。
【図１０】従来の他の湿式材料の圧送吹付け工法を示す概要図。
【符号の説明】
１…ピストン式圧送ポンプ
４…圧送配管
６…エアホース接続口
９…ゴムホース又はポリホース
１０…吹付けノズル
１７，１７ａ…吸込み管
１８…吐出管
２５…合流管
２６…合流管本体
２７…（湿式材料の）導入管
２８…エア導入管
２８ａ…エア噴出口
２９…送給管
３１…盲蓋
３７…残圧排出管
３２…取っ手
４１…パイプ
４２…保護パイプ
４３…ピストンクリーナ
整理番号　Ｐ３４６６[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pump for pumping a wet material mainly composed of mortar, concrete, or a greening base material when constructing, repairing and reinforcing slopes, retaining walls, tunnels, and underground structures, or performing greening of slopes. The present invention relates to a method for spraying a combined use of air and wet material, and to a method for joining an air / wet material to join the air to a wet material fed under pressure and a method for blowing a wet material using the combined tube.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, wet materials mainly composed of mortar, concrete, or greening base materials are transported to various construction sites such as slopes, retaining walls, tunnels, underground structures, etc. for construction, repair, reinforcement, or slope greening. As a spraying method, a pump pressure feeding + air conveying spraying method using both pumping and air conveying is generally adopted.
[0003]
An example of constructing, repairing and reinforcing slopes, retaining walls, etc. or performing greening of slopes, etc. using this pump and air together will be described with reference to FIG. The required number of pressure-feeding pipes 2, 3, and 4 composed of an iron pipe or a high-pressure hose having an inner diameter of 65 to 80 mm are connected from the piston-type pressure-feed pump 1 via a discharge pipe 18 to a length of several meters to several hundred meters. A pressure feed pipe line of a predetermined length. The piston type pressure feed pump 1 is composed of two plunger pumps P and M each having a piston and a cylinder. The wet material sucked from the suction pipes 17 and 17a can be continuously fed to the discharge pipe 18 by alternately driving the pistons. ing.
[0004]
At the tip of the pressure feed pipe 4 composed of an iron pipe or a high pressure hose, a merge pipe 5 having a diameter of 65 to 80 mm, which is the same as the inner diameter of the pressure feed pipe, is attached. The merge pipe 5 is provided with an air hose connection port 6 and a quick-setting agent hose connection port 7. At the end of the merging pipe 5, a throttle pipe having an inner diameter of 65 to 80 mm to 38 to 50 mm is provided in order to match the inner diameter of the rubber hose or polyhose 9, and a rubber hose or polyhose 9 is attached to an end at a length of about 10 to 60 m. A spray nozzle 10 is attached to the tip of a rubber hose or a poly hose 9. Then, by supplying high-pressure air obtained from a compressor (not shown) to the air hose connection port 6, the wet material merges with the air in the merging pipe 5 to form small cluster particles, and is sprayed through a rubber hose or a polyhose 9. Spraying is performed from 10. The location of the quick-setting agent hose connection port 7 is not limited to the junction pipe 5, but may be connected to the spray nozzle 10 or several meters before the spray nozzle 10.
[0005]
On the other hand, among wet materials, when high-quality, high-strength mortar or high-clay materials such as concrete and soil are conveyed by air, some materials adhere to the hose and cannot be conveyed. In such a case, FIG. As shown in the figure, the pumping is performed by alternately driving the pistons of the two plunger pumps P, M in the pressure feeding pipes 2, 3 and 4 to the spraying work place, and the merging pipe 5 attached to the tip of the pressure feeding pipe 4 Means for performing spraying from the spray nozzle 10 via a nozzle are also known.
[0006]
During the greening of the slope, the retaining wall or the slope, since the worker works with the spray nozzle 10, the spray amount of the wet material is 2 to 7 m per hour. ³ The maximum working pressure of high pressure air is 0.69Mpa, and the high pressure air amount is 10-18Nm ³ / Min is common.
[0007]
When the worker holds the spray nozzle 10 at the tip of the rubber hose or the polyhose 9 when constructing the tunnel or underground structure, the operation is the same as described above. The spray amount of wet material is 10-30m per hour ³ The length of the pressure feed pipe 4 is 5 to 10 m, the inner diameter of the pipe is 80 to 105 mm, the maximum operating pressure of the high pressure air is 0.69 Mpa, and the high pressure air amount is 10 to 20 Nm. ³ / Min is common. The length of the rubber hose or polyhose 9 from the junction tube 5 is 10 to 20 m, and the inner diameter is 65 mm.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the wet material pumped through the pressure feed pipe 4 is joined to the air by the merge pipe 5, and is conveyed by air through the rubber hose or the poly hose 9 having a predetermined length. The material is not sufficiently dispersed by the air in the pipe 5 and is sent to the feeding pipe, and the rubber hose or the polyhose 9 and the spraying nozzle 10 change the transport resistance of the material to generate pulsation. Can not. In addition, there is a problem that material separation occurs, the finished strength is not uniform, rebound loss is generated at the time of spraying, and the frequency of clogging is high.
[0009]
Further, when the feed pipe at the end of the joining pipe 5 and the joint portion of the rubber hose or the polyhose 9 or the spray nozzle 10 are closed due to a lump of wet material, foreign matter mixing, hardening of the quick setting agent, etc. There is also a method of releasing the blockage by tapping, but in a case where this method cannot be performed, it is necessary to cut off the blockage and remove the lump of the wet material or foreign matter. Since compressed air of about 0.7 to 0.8 Mpa exists in the merge pipe 5 and the rubber hose or the poly hose 9, it is dangerous that the wet material explosively scatters when the closed portion is cut off. There's a problem.
[0010]
In response to the above, a branch valve is installed before the air hose connection port 6 of the merging pipe 5 to attach a ball valve or a gate valve for discharging residual pressure, or a single pipe is welded to a side surface of the main body of the merging pipe 5 and a ball valve is attached to the single pipe. Alternatively, a means for discharging a residual pressure by attaching a gate valve is also known, but at the time of discharging the residual pressure, there is a problem that a wet material is ejected together with air to cause a secondary blockage in the valve. Further, the ball valve or the gate valve is provided with threaded portions for connection at both ends, and the lump of the wet material stays between the end face of the merging pipe 5 and the wet material adheres. Since the residual pressure does not escape even when the valve is opened, it is necessary to insert a rod into the valve and perform an operation involving the danger of discharging the residual pressure while releasing the adhered material or secondary blockage.
[0011]
Further, in order to prevent the wet material remaining in the pressure feed pipes 2, 3, 4 from hardening, the material in the pressure feed pipes 2, 3, 4 must be discharged before each operation. The wet material is not discarded to reduce waste, but is used as much as possible, so spraying is performed while discharging. Usually, water that can serve both as discharging and washing of the wet material in the pressure feed pipes 2, 3, 4, the merging pipe 5, and the rubber hose or the poly hose 9 and that can be safely used is used. However, when water is mixed into the wet material, the finished strength of the wet material is reduced, and the piping is clogged due to material separation. As a preventive measure, a padding for impermeable material is used to separate the wet material from the water and prevent water from entering the wet material. The padding for impermeable use usually uses a cylindrical sponge or a rubber-made cylindrical piston cleaner with a lip. In the case of slope construction, taking as an example the case where the inner diameter of the pressure-feeding pipe is about 70 mm, when using a sponge, use 2 to 5 pieces of 120 mm in diameter and 130 mm in length when using a sponge. When using a piston cleaner, only one having a diameter of 76 mm and a length of 120 mm is used.
[0012]
The discharge method is as follows. First, the air in the piston type pump 1 and the merging pipe 5 is stopped, the pumping pipe 2 or 3 connected to the piston type pump 1 is cut off, and the pumping pipe 2 or 3 is cut off. Insert a padding for water blocking and attach a lid that can inject high pressure water. Air is added to the junction pipe 5 again, and spraying is performed while injecting high-pressure water into the pressure-feeding pipe 2 or 3. One worker is placed near the merging pipe 5 so that the padding for water blocking does not enter the merging pipe 5, and water injection work is performed when the padding for water blocking reaches a few meters before the merging pipe 5. The water is injected into the pressure feeding pipe 2 or 3 and the air in the merging pipe is stopped, the pressure feeding pipe 4 connected to the merging pipe 5 is cut off, and water is injected again. And the filling material for impermeable material were extruded, water injection was stopped again, the separated pressure feed pipe 4 and the merging pipe 5 were connected, the air of the merging pipe 5 was added again, and water was injected again, and the merging pipe 5 and The inside of the rubber hose or the poly hose 9 is cleaned and the operation is completed.
[0013]
In the above work, the worker must confirm the position of the padding for water blocking, contact the worker for water injection and air addition, and disconnect or connect the pressure feeding pipe 4 before the merging pipe 5 This is a complicated operation, and the material remaining in the pressure-feeding pipe 4 several meters before the merging pipe 5 must be discarded. The location of the padding for light blocking can be confirmed to some extent by tapping the pressure feed pipe 4 with an iron bar or the like, by the difference in sound between the location where water is present and the location where material is located. However, in order to use the wet material in the pressure feed pipe 4 as much as possible, water injection is performed until the padding for water blocking comes close to the junction pipe 5, and the padding is inserted into the junction pipe 5 due to communication of stop of water injection or delay in operation. Often put in.
[0014]
If the padding for water blocking is put in the merging pipe 5, it is immediately blown by air to the constriction pipe at the end, and when it is strongly compacted and stops there, it enters the rubber hose or polyhose 9 at the front, You may not be able to get it. If it is clogged with a restriction tube, insert something like a wooden stick from the exit side of the restriction tube and tap it with a hammer to remove it. Also, if the rubber hose or poly hose 9 is forcibly pushed out with air, it will explode when exploding from the end of the rubber hose or poly hose 9 and the hose may burst on the way, which is very dangerous. It is.
[0015]
Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and when constructing, repairing and reinforcing slopes, retaining walls, tunnels, underground structures, etc., or performing greening of slopes, etc., the wet material can be efficiently used by air in the junction pipe. Sufficient and sufficient dispersion to suppress material separation and pulsation that occur during air conveyance, reduce the frequency of blockage, improve the uniformity of spraying work and finish strength, and reduce rebound loss during spraying In addition, it is possible to safely and easily discharge the residual pressure at the time of blockage with a merging pipe or a rubber hose or poly hose, joint part, spray nozzle, etc. ahead of it, and wet material in the pressure feed pipe to be performed each time before the end of work Pipe of air / wet material which can easily discharge and clean the work, and can use almost 100% of the material in the pressure feed pipe, and a method of spraying wet material by using the merge pipe It is an object to provide.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method in which a wet material mainly composed of mortar, concrete, or a greenery base material is pumped through a pumping pipe of a predetermined length using a pumping pump, and air provided at the tip of the pumping pipe. In the wet material pressurized spraying method in which air is combined with the wet material in the wet material merging pipe and blown from the spray nozzle, the wet material is attached to the side wall of the air / wet material merging pipe. The inlet pipe is fixed, and the air inlet pipe is connected to one side of the wet material inlet pipe in a direction orthogonal to the wet material inflow direction, and an air outlet is formed at a position close to the opening end face of the wet material inlet pipe. Then, at a position on a straight line facing the introduction pipe of the wet material, the internal opening faces the opening end face of the introduction pipe of the wet material at a fixed distance, and a blind lid is detachably attached to the internal opening. Attached residual pressure discharge pipe Provided, it provides pumping spraying method of wet materials using junction pipe and the merging pipe air wet material having a feed tube to the other opposed to the air inlet tube as a basic unit.
[0017]
The air ejection port has a slit shape, and the open end faces of the residual pressure discharge pipe and the wet material introduction pipe are extended in the radial direction of the merge pipe.
[0018]
Specifically, a merging pipe where the air and the wet material are merged is disposed at the tip of the pressure feeding pipe, and the air introducing pipe is connected to one of the directions orthogonal to the inflow direction of the wet material of the merging pipe and the other is connected to the other. The feed pipe was attached, and the spray nozzle was attached to the feed pipe via a hose, so that the wet material flowing from the opening end face of the introduction pipe of the wet material was supplied with high-pressure air from the slit-shaped air jet port. It was cut continuously and sprayed from a spray nozzle as small cluster particles by dispersion and sizing. Further, the feed pipe of the merge pipe can be used as a spray nozzle.
[0019]
Furthermore, at a position on a straight line facing the introduction pipe of the wet material in the merging pipe main body, the internal opening faces the opening end face of the introduction pipe of the wet material at a certain distance, and faces the internal opening. Provide a residual pressure discharge pipe with a lid detachably fixed, when the wet material is closed, pull out the blind lid in the residual pressure discharge pipe to release the residual pressure, and when discharging the material in the pressure feed pipe, Using a padding for separating water from the high-pressure water and the material, the padding for water penetration is passed while injecting high-pressure water into the pressure-feeding pipe, and the padding for water-blocking enters the main body of the confluence pipe from the pressure-feeding pipe and has a residual pressure. Means are provided for stopping against the blind lid in the discharge pipe, and removing the blind lid in the residual pressure discharge pipe to discharge the impermeable padding. Then, a piston cleaner is used as the padding for water blocking, and the inner diameters of the residual pressure discharge pipe and the introduction pipe of the wet material are set to be equal to or larger than the diameter of the piston cleaner.
[0020]
According to the air / wet material merging pipe and the wet material pressure-feeding spraying method using the merging pipe, the wet material is continuously fed into the merging pipe body via the pressure-feeding pipe by driving the pressure-feeding pump, and simultaneously. When high-pressure air is supplied to the merging pipe main body through the air introduction pipe, the wet material is continuously cut by the high-pressure air injected from the slit-shaped air ejection port, and is sufficiently dispersed to suppress pulsation and material separation. The air can be smoothly conveyed without clogging in the confluence pipe or in the supply pipe or the hose or nozzle ahead thereof, and can be sprayed to a target place.
[0021]
In addition, the inner side opening faces the opening end face of the introduction pipe of the wet material at a fixed length at a position in a straight line opposite to the introduction pipe of the wet material in the merging pipe main body, and a blind lid is provided at the inner side opening. By installing a removable residual pressure discharge pipe, when the wet material is blocked by a merging pipe or a hose, joint, nozzle, etc. ahead of it, the blind lid inside the residual pressure discharge pipe can be pulled out easily. The residual pressure can be safely discharged. Further, before the work is completed, a piston cleaner is inserted into the pressure-feeding pipe as a pad for waterproofing, and the liquid is passed through the pressure-feeding pipe while pouring water, thereby spraying while discharging the wet material remaining in the pressure-feeding pipe. Since the piston cleaner as the padding for water blocking enters the merging pipe main body from the pressure feed pipe and hits the blind lid in the residual pressure discharge pipe and stops, the work is safe and the work can be simplified, and the material in the pressure feed pipe is reduced. Can be used almost 100%. Also, by making the inner diameter of the wet material introduction pipe larger than the diameter of the piston cleaner, a gap is created between the piston cleaner and the outer diameter of the piston cleaner when the piston cleaner enters the wet material introduction pipe, and it merges. Water for washing flows into the pipe, and the inside of the merging pipe, the feed pipe, the hose and the spray nozzle can be washed as they are, and the work can be performed more efficiently.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, based on the drawings, a specific embodiment of a merging pipe of an air / wet material according to the present invention and a method of pressure-feeding and spraying a wet material using the merging tube will be denoted by the same reference numerals as those of a conventional structure. The description will be made with reference to FIG. The pump used in the present invention can use both a piston-type pump and a tube-type pump. In this embodiment, a description will be given based on an example in which a piston-type pump is used. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a method for spraying a wet material under pressure to which the present invention is applied. Reference numeral 1 denotes a piston type pressure pump, 18 denotes a discharge pipe derived from the piston type pressure pump 1, and a pressure line 2 The required number of pressure feed pipes 4 composed of iron pipes or high pressure hoses are connected to the other end of the pipe to construct a pressure feed pipe line of a predetermined length ranging from several meters to several hundred meters. The piston type pressure feed pump 1 is composed of two plunger pumps P and M each having a piston and a cylinder. The wet material sucked from the suction pipes 17 and 17a can be continuously fed to the discharge pipe 18 by alternately driving the pistons. ing.
[0023]
At the distal end of the pressure feed pipe 4 composed of an iron pipe or a high-pressure hose, a merging pipe 25 of an air / wet material which is the main feature of the present invention is disposed. An air hose connection port 6 is provided on one side of the merging pipe 25 in a direction orthogonal to the inflow direction of the wet material, and a rubber hose or a poly hose 9 is mounted on the other side, and a spray nozzle 10 is mounted on a tip of the rubber hose or the poly hose 9. Have been. Then, by supplying high-pressure air obtained from a compressor (not shown) to the air hose connection port 6, the wet material merges with the air in the merging pipe 25 to form small cluster particles, and the spraying nozzle is formed through the rubber hose or the poly hose 9. Spraying is performed from 10.
[0024]
2 is a plan view of the merging pipe 25, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. This embodiment will be described as an example used for greening a slope. In the case of construction, repair, and reinforcement of tunnels, underground structures, etc., there are differences in size, but they are structurally identical. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 26 denotes a merging pipe main body, 27 denotes a wet material introduction pipe attached to the tip of the pressure feeding pipe 4, 29 denotes a wet material feeding pipe, and the introduction pipe 27 denotes a side wall of the merging pipe main body 26. And the opening end face 27a of the introduction pipe 27 is provided at a position extending a predetermined length inside the radial direction of the merging pipe main body 26.
[0025]
Reference numeral 28 denotes an air introduction pipe. The air introduction pipe 28 is connected to the air hose connection port 6 and is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the inflow direction of the wet material flowing into the merge pipe 25. A slit-shaped air ejection port 28a led out of the air introduction pipe 28 is provided at a position close to the opening end surface 27a of the wet material introduction pipe 27. The air outlet 28a has substantially the same length as the inner diameter of the opening end face 27a and is located at a substantially central portion in the radial direction of the merging pipe main body 26, and the wet material is compressed from the introduction pipe 27 into the merging pipe main body 26. Simultaneously with the inflow in this state, high-pressure air is ejected from the air ejection port 28a in parallel with the opening end surface 27a, so that the wet material is continuously cut and sent toward the feed pipe 29.
[0026]
Further, a residual pressure discharge pipe 37 is provided at a position on the straight line facing the introduction pipe 27 of the wet material in the junction pipe main body 26. The opening on the inner side of the residual pressure discharge pipe 37 faces the opening end face 27a of the introduction pipe 27 with a certain distance therebetween, and the blind lid 31 is detachably attached to the inner side opening via an O-ring 30. Fixed. Reference numeral 32 denotes a handle for detaching the residual pressure discharge pipe 37 from the merging pipe main body 26. The distal end of the handle 32 is pivotally supported by the upper end of the column 32a. The other end of the operating rod 31 a of the residual pressure discharge pipe 37 is supported by one end of the handle 32 by a shaft support 36, which is fixed by a bolt 34 and a nut 35 for fixing the discharge pipe. 42 is a protection pipe.
[0027]
As an example used for greening slopes, retaining walls or slopes, the amount of wet material sprayed is 2 to 7 m per hour. ³ The inner diameter of the pressure feed pipe 4 is about 70 mm, the length of the rubber hose or the poly hose 9 is set to 0 to 60 m, the inner diameter is set to 42 to 44 mm in consideration of workability, the maximum working pressure of high pressure air is 0.69 Mpa, and the amount of high pressure air is 5-7Nm ³ / Min, an air hose having an inner diameter of 25 mm or more is used, and the air ejection port 28a is formed in a groove shape having a length of 79 mm and a width of 4 mm. As the feed pipe 29, a constriction pipe having an inner diameter of a connection port of the merging pipe main body 26 of about 80 mm, an inner diameter of the other end of about 40 mm, and a length of 400 to 600 mm is used. The internal opening of the residual pressure discharge pipe 37 has an inner diameter of about 80 mm and extends inward by 24 mm from the radial center wall of the merging pipe main body 26.
[0028]
The same applies to the case where the worker holds the spray nozzle 10 when constructing the tunnel and the underground structure, and the amount of the wet material to be sprayed per hour is 10 to 30 m when performing with a robot. ³ The length of the pressure feed pipe 4 is 5 to 25 m, and the inner diameter is 65 to 105 mm. The maximum operating pressure of the high-pressure air supplied to the merge pipe 25 is 0.69 Mpa, and the amount of air is 5 to 15 Nm. ³ / Min, the length of the rubber hose or poly hose 9 is 0 to 20 m. Further, a quick setting hose is connected to the spray nozzle 10 or a few meters before the spray nozzle 10 to add the quick setting agent to the wet material. In FIG. 1, the illustration of the introduction tube for the quick-setting agent is omitted.
[0029]
According to such a wet material pressure spraying method, a wet material such as ready-mixed concrete is continuously fed into the confluence pipe main body 26 via the pressure feed pipe 4 by the driving of the piston type pressure pump 1, and simultaneously by a compressor (not shown). The obtained high-pressure air is supplied to the merging pipe main body 26 from the air ejection port 28a via the air introducing pipe 28. The wet material that has flowed in a compacted state from the open end face 27a of the introduction pipe 27 is completely dispersed and sized while being continuously cut by high-pressure air ejected from the slit-shaped air ejection port 28a to form small cluster particles. Through the rubber hose or the poly hose 9 through the supply pipe 29, there is no material separation, pulsation or blockage from the spray nozzle 10 to the target place, and the wet material can be smoothly conveyed by air to perform the spraying operation. it can.
[0030]
In the case where blockage occurs at the junction tube 25, the hose, the rubber hose, the joint portion of the polyhose 9, the spray nozzle 10, or the like, 0.7 to 0.8 MPa of compressed air is accumulated in the junction tube 25. For this reason, a pressure of 350 to 400 kg is applied to the blind lid 31 having a diameter of 80 mm, and the residual pressure cannot be released by a single worker. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, a pipe 41 having a length of about 1.5 to 2 meters is inserted into the handle 32, the nut 35 is removed, the bolt 34 is loosened, and the blind lid 31 is pulled out by operating the pipe 41. FIG. 6 shows a state in which the residual pressure has been completely exhausted in the protection pipe 42. The protection pipe 42 has a function of preventing the wet material ejected at the time of discharging the residual pressure from scattering around.
[0031]
FIG. 7 shows an example of the shape of a urethane rubber piston cleaner 43 as a pad for waterproofing for discharging and washing a wet material remaining in the pressure feed pipe 4 before the end of the work. Is 120 mm and the diameter is 76 mm. By setting the inner diameter of the wet material introduction pipe 27 to about 80 mm which is equal to or larger than the diameter of the piston cleaner 43, the piston cleaner 43 is stopped by the merging pipe 25, and the piston cleaner 43 25, a gap is formed between the inner diameter of the introduction pipe 27 and the outer diameter of the piston cleaner 43, and water flows into the merged pipe 25, and the water flows into the merged pipe 25 and beyond. Since the feed pipe 29 and the rubber hose or the poly hose 9 can be washed as they are, the operation can be further simplified, and almost 100% of the wet material in the pressure feed pipe 4 can be used. The arrival confirmation of the piston cleaner 43 can be confirmed by lowering the water injection pressure when the piston cleaner 43 reaches the merging pipe 25 without contacting the water injection worker. The method of removing the piston cleaner 43 is as follows. By setting the inner diameter of the residual pressure discharge pipe 37 to about 80 mm which is equal to or larger than the diameter of the piston cleaner 43, the blind lid 31 is extracted and water is simply re-discharged to be discharged from the residual pressure discharge pipe 37. .
[0032]
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the pressure spraying method according to the present invention. Since the basic structure is almost the same as the schematic view shown in FIG. I have. In this example, a pressure feed pipe having a predetermined length ranging from several meters to several hundred meters is constructed by a pressure feed pipe 4 derived from a piston type pressure feed pump 1, and an air / wet material is provided at the tip of the pressure feed pipe. Is attached, and the spray nozzle 10 is directly attached to the joining pipe 25.
[0033]
According to this embodiment, among the wet materials, high-strength mortar, concrete, and soil are sprayed and pumped to the construction site by the piston-type pressure pump 1, and the high-pressure air is supplied to the air introduction pipe 28 as described above at the construction site. The wet material is dispersed and sized while being continuously cut by high-pressure air to form small cluster particles by supplying to the merging tube main body 26 through the slit-shaped air ejection port 28a via the spray nozzle 10. And can be sprayed on the place. This embodiment is particularly effective in the case of using a material that cannot be smoothly transported because the material adheres to the hose during air transport due to the property of the wet material.
[0034]
According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the wet material is decomposed into small cluster particles by the merging pipe 25, so that the wet material is dispersed and flows in the rubber hose or the polyhose 9 connected to the feed pipe 29, The frequency of clogging of the wet material can be reduced, the pulsation during spraying can be minimized, the separation and rebound loss of the wet material can be reduced, and a series of operations can be performed safely and simply. When spraying a wet material having a high slump value, although not shown, the air hose connection port 6 of the merging pipe 25 is branched to connect a quick setting hose, and a quick setting pump is used for the wet material together with high-pressure air. Spraying can also be performed after adding a quick setting agent. Further, a quick-setting agent hose may be connected to the spray nozzle 10 or a few meters before the spray nozzle 10 to add the quick-setting agent. The quick-setting agent pump and the quick-setting agent hose may be provided as necessary, and are not essential components in the present invention.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the merged pipe of the air / wet material and the method of spraying the wet material using the merged pipe according to the present invention, construction, repair, reinforcement or slope of a slope, a retaining wall, a tunnel, an underground structure, etc. In the construction of greenery, etc., the wet material is efficiently and continuously cut into the confluence pipe by high-pressure air injected from the slit-shaped air outlet, and is completely dispersed and sized to form small cluster particles. And can be sprayed to a target location from a spray nozzle. In addition, since the wet material is sufficiently scattered into small particles, pulsation of the wet material in the pumping pipe is suppressed, and the uniform spraying of the wet material onto the construction surface is possible, and the finished strength is made uniform. In addition, a material loss is minimized, and a satisfactory result can be obtained in terms of appearance and construction accuracy.
[0036]
In addition, by removing the blind lid in the residual pressure discharge pipe that is arranged facing a straight line position facing the wet material introduction pipe in the merge pipe main body, the confluence pipe or the hose of the hose ahead of the merge pipe is removed due to foreign matter mixing or the like. Even if there is a blockage at the joint portion and the spray nozzle, the wet material does not stay or stick, and the material can be smoothly ejected together with the air to safely discharge the residual pressure.
[0037]
Further, by passing the piston cleaner through the pressure-feeding pipe while water is being injected before the end of the work, spraying is performed while discharging the wet material remaining in the pressure-feeding pipe, and almost 100% of the material can be used. By making the inside diameter of the inlet pipe larger than the diameter of the piston cleaner, a gap is created between the piston cleaner and the outside diameter of the piston cleaner when it enters the wet material inlet pipe, and the inside of the merge pipe is cleaned. Water flows in, and the inside of the merge pipe and the feed pipe and the hose ahead thereof can be efficiently washed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the entire pressure spraying method using a combined pipe of air and a wet material according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a merging pipe used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a main part showing an aspect at the time of use in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a main part showing an aspect in use in the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a shape example of a piston cleaner used in the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the entire pressure spraying method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a conventional method of spraying a wet material using a pressure pump and air.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another conventional wet-spraying method for wet material.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Piston pump
4 ... Pressure piping
6 ... Air hose connection port
9 ... Rubber hose or poly hose
10. Spray nozzle
17, 17a ... suction pipe
18 ... Discharge pipe
25 ... Confluence pipe
26: Confluence pipe body
27 ... (wet material) inlet tube
28… Air introduction pipe
28a… Air outlet
29 ... Sending pipe
31 ... blind lid
37 ... Residual pressure discharge pipe
32 ... handle
41 ... pipe
42 ... Protective pipe
43 ... Piston cleaner
Reference number P3466

Claims

A wet material mainly composed of mortar, concrete, or greenery base material is pumped through a pumping pipe of a predetermined length using a pumping pump. In the wet-feeding method of spraying wet material, which is sprayed from the spray nozzle.
A wet material introduction pipe is fixed to the side wall of the air / wet material merging pipe, and an air introduction pipe is connected to one of the directions perpendicular to the wet material inflow direction of the wet material introduction pipe to form a wet material. An air ejection port is formed at a position close to the opening end face of the material introduction pipe, and an internal opening has a fixed length equal to the opening end face of the wet material introduction pipe at a linear position facing the wet material introduction pipe. Air / wet material characterized by having a residual pressure discharge pipe with a blind lid detachably attached to the opening on the inner side, facing away and facing away, and a supply pipe opposite to the air introduction pipe Confluence pipe.

The air / wet material merging pipe according to claim 1, wherein the air ejection port has a slit shape.

The air / wet material merging pipe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an opening end surface of the residual pressure discharge pipe extends in a radial direction of the merging pipe.

The air / wet material merging pipe according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein an opening end face of the wet material introduction pipe extends in a radial direction of the merging pipe.

A wet material mainly composed of mortar, concrete, or greenery base material is pumped through a pumping pipe of a predetermined length using a pumping pump. In the wet-feeding method of spraying wet material, which is sprayed from the spray nozzle.
At the tip of the pressure feed pipe, a merging pipe where the air and the wet material are merged is arranged, and the air introduction pipe is connected to one of the directions perpendicular to the wet material inflow direction of this merging pipe, and the feed pipe is attached to the other. By attaching a spray nozzle to the feed pipe via a hose, the wet material flowing from the opening end face of the wet material introduction pipe is continuously cut by high-pressure air from the slit-shaped air jet port. A method of spraying wet material using a merging pipe of air / wet material, characterized in that the particles are sprayed from spray nozzles as small cluster particles by dispersion and sizing.

6. The method for spraying a wet material under pressure using the air / wet material merging tube according to claim 5, wherein the feeding tube of the merging tube is used as a spray nozzle.

A wet material mainly composed of mortar, concrete, or greenery base material is pumped through a pumping pipe of a predetermined length using a pumping pump. In the wet-feeding method of spraying wet material, which is sprayed from the spray nozzle.
At the end of the pressure feed pipe, a merging pipe where the air and the wet material are merged is provided, and at the straight line position facing the wet material introduction pipe in the merging pipe main body, the inner side opening is the wet material introduction pipe. A residual pressure discharge pipe with a blind lid detachably fixed to the inner opening is provided facing the opening end face with a certain distance away. A method of spraying wet material using a combined pipe of air and wet material, which is characterized by releasing pressure.

A wet material mainly composed of mortar, concrete, or greenery base material is pumped through a pumping pipe of a predetermined length using a pumping pump. In the wet-feeding method of spraying wet material, which is sprayed from the spray nozzle.
At the end of the pressure feed pipe, a merging pipe where the air and the wet material are merged is provided, and at the straight line position facing the wet material introduction pipe in the merging pipe main body, the inner side opening is the wet material introduction pipe. A residual pressure discharge pipe is provided facing the opening end face with a certain distance away, and a blind lid is detachably fixed to the inner side opening, and when discharging the material in the pressure feeding pipe, a shield that separates the high-pressure water and the material Using the water filling, the high-pressure water is injected into the pressure-feeding pipe, and the water-tight filling is passed through.The water-tight filling enters the merging pipe main body from the pressure-feeding pipe and hits the blind lid in the residual pressure discharge pipe. A method of spraying wet material using a combined pipe of air and wet material that allows the blind lid in the residual pressure discharge pipe to be pulled out and the padding for water blocking to be discharged.

9. The method for pressure-feeding and spraying a wet material using a merging pipe of an air-wet material according to claim 8, wherein a piston cleaner is used as the padding for water blocking, and an inner diameter of the residual pressure discharge pipe is set to be equal to or larger than a diameter of the piston cleaner.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the inner diameter of the wet material introduction pipe of the confluence pipe is equal to or greater than the diameter of the piston cleaner.