【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、圃場から鱗茎作物収穫機等により採取されて畝上に置かれた鱗茎作物を拾い上げて、茎葉部と髭根を切断して調製するか、又は定置仕様として同様の処理調製を行う鱗茎作物調製機に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来から、鱗茎作物収穫機等により圃場から鱗茎作物を採取し圃場に放置して乾燥させ、その後、畝に沿って鱗茎作物調製機を走行させながら鱗茎作物を拾い上げて、該調製機に直接又は供給搬送装置を介して供給し、鱗茎作物の茎葉部と髭根を切除する収穫作業体系や定置的に装置機器として一連の装置を組合せた大形機械において、鱗茎作物の茎葉部や髭根の調製技術が既に色々な形で公知となっている。（例えば、特許文献１参照）
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開平１１−５６３２４号公報
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、従来の技術においては、掘取された鱗茎作物を拾い上げて調製機に供給するのに、搬送装置の先端部から茎を下にした倒立姿勢で一個ずつ供給するか、又は供給装置を装着して一括供給するかの手段が講じられていたが、個別供給は手間がかかり又複数個まとめながら茎を揃えて一括供給する手間や無作為投入を可能としながら定置装置として供給装置と調製装置の独立的な組合せ構成のため機動性を欠き、利便上の不具合で非能率的であった。
そこで本願発明は、圃場又は集荷場で集められた鱗茎作物を移動又は定置にて無造作に一括供給可能としたもので、例え茎の向きが不特定方向に乱れていても搬送途上で茎を下にした倒立姿勢に強制的に変更して、仕上げ調製部に搬送供給するので、供給作業が容易になりしかも機動的に作業が行えて、利便性を向上改善する事ができ、従来技術の供給搬送装置の不具合を解消し能率向上を図った鱗茎作物調製機を提供するものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願発明は、前記の従来技術の不具合を解消するために、掘取られた鱗茎作物を搬送装置に供給して、鱗茎作物の茎葉部と髭根を切断分離する鱗茎作物調製装置を備えた鱗茎作物調製機において、整列搬送装置の前部に螺旋供給装置を一体的に連設して、集められた鱗茎作物を茎の向きや姿勢に拘らず任意に供給し、螺旋搬送装置によって一個づつ整列搬送装置に受継がせ、任意の供給姿勢から所定の倒立姿勢に整列しながら移送できるようにすることで、従来技術による倒立姿勢で一個ずつ供給したり、複数個茎を揃えて一括供給したり、定置装置化した大形装置に比して移動又は定置にて無造作な一括供給を可能とし、茎葉部や髭根を切断調製する作業の能率向上が図れる。
【０００６】
整列搬送装置が左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラからなり、該ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラを機体の進行方向に対して略平行にして相互内向きに回転させ、且つロ−ラ体の終端部を除きゴムや合成樹脂等の弾性体からなる螺旋体をブラシ部と重着し、供給装置の後部下方に連設して、前記供給装置より一個づつ供給された鱗茎作物の茎を一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラの相互内向き回転によって下向きに引き込み、鱗茎作物を強制的に倒立姿勢にし短い必要距離で整列搬送を可能として、無造作に一括供給しながら個別調製作業が可能で、且つ鱗茎作物調製機をコンパクトな構成とした。
【０００７】
整列搬送装置の前部に一体的に連設した供給装置は螺旋搬送装置を内蔵したホッパ−からなる螺旋供給装置として、無造作に投入された鱗茎作物を一個づつ強制的に出口に搬送し、押出された鱗茎作物を前記ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラに確実に受継がせる事ができる様にした。
【０００８】
掘取された鱗茎作物を搬送装置に供給して鱗茎作物の茎葉部と髭根を切断分離する鱗茎作物調製装置を備えた鱗茎作物調製機において、螺旋供給装置と整列搬送装置の連設部に鱗茎作物の姿勢を修正するガイド機構を配設して、無造作に供給され茎が不特定方向を向いた複数個の鱗茎作物を一個づつ所定の向きに反転して、前記ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラが鱗茎作物の茎を下向きにし易くする様にした。
【０００９】
既述の如く記載された鱗茎作物調製機がエンジンの駆動力で走行することができる様に構成して、圃場又は集荷場で集められた鱗茎作物を移動又は定置にて無造作に一括供給可能として、供給作業が容易になりしかも機動的に作業が行えて、利便性を向上改善する事ができる。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本願発明の実施の形態について、図面に基づき実施例を以って説明する。図１は本願発明の要部である供給および整列搬送部の側面図であり、図２は本願発明の要部である供給および整列搬送部の平面図であり、図３は本願発明の要部である供給および整列搬送部の正面図である。図４は本願発明に係る鱗茎作物調製機の全体側面図であり、図５は同じく鱗茎作物調製機の主要部を示した全体平面図であり、図６は同じく本願発明に係る鱗茎作物調製装置の伝動機構側面図である。図７は供給整列搬送部とガイド機構の構成を拡大した側面図。
【００１１】
本願発明の実施例である鱗茎作物調製機（Ｔ）の全体構成について図４又は図５の図示に基づいて説明する。本願発明に係る鱗茎作物調製機（Ｔ）は走行装置（Ｔ１）を有し、該走行装置（Ｔ１）上に載置された機台（Ｔ２）に螺旋供給装置（５）や整列搬送装置（Ｈ）および鱗茎作物調製装置（Ｔ３）が一体的に搭載され、前記機台（Ｔ２）の後部にはエンジン（Ｅ）と走行伝動装置（Ｔ４）および操縦ハンドル（Ｔ５）等が配設されている。
そして鱗茎作物調製装置（Ｔ３）と操縦ハンドル（Ｔ５）の間に左右切替え自在の排出シュ−タ−（１６）が配設され、その左右下端には折畳み収納可能なる排出口（１６ａ）が設けてある。
【００１２】
次に、前記鱗茎作物調製装置（Ｔ３）の構成を図４又は図５に基づいて記述する。本願発明の鱗茎作物調製装置（Ｔ３）は前部に配設された螺旋供給装置（５）と粗処理部（１）および後部に配設された仕上げ調製部（２）とで構成されている。粗処理部（１）と仕上げ調製部（２）は夫々カバ−（１３）（１４）によって覆われ、該粗処理部（１）のカバ−（１３）の上面高さは仕上げ調製部（２）のカバ−（１４）の上面高さより低く配置構成して、前記粗処理部（１）を覆っているカバ−（１３）の上面には、機体幅方向中央に進行方向と平行に通路溝が形成されている。
【００１３】
又、図４又は図５に示す様に、前記粗処理部（１）の前端部には左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）の前部がカバ−（１３）から突出し延設され、その上方に一部重合して螺旋供給装置（５）が機体最前部幅一杯に連設されている。
掘取られた後、圃場に置かれた鱗茎作物を何処からでも任意に拾い上げて無造作に供給することができる様になっている。
【００１４】
さらに、図１又は図２又は図３と図６に示すように、前記ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）の後部下方に茎引張ベルト装置（６）が配置され、該茎引張ベルト装置（６）は左右茎引張ベルト体（６ａ）からなり、該左右茎引張ベルト体（６ａ）の始端側のプ−リで実施例では左右一対の茎引張受動プ−リ（６ｃ・６ｃ）を軸着するプ−リ軸（６ｅ・６ｅ）を下方に延出させ、該各プ−リ軸（６ｅ）に左右一対の茎葉粗切刃（６ｆ・６ｆ）を各々軸着し同軸回転する様にして、茎葉の通路側に向かって各々始端側内向きに回転するようになっている。
更に、前記各プ−リ軸（６ｅ）は下方に延出され増速チェン装置（４４）を介して茎押羽根（４５）を駆動する。
【００１５】
ここで、本願発明の要旨を図１〜図３に基づいて記述する。
掘取られた鱗茎作物を搬送装置に供給して、該搬送装置の搬送過程で鱗茎作物の茎葉部と髭根を切断分離する鱗茎作物調製装置（Ｔ３）を備えた鱗茎作物調製機（Ｔ）の供給搬送装置において、供給された複数個の鱗茎作物を収容可能とし、螺旋搬送装置（５ｂ）を内蔵したホッパ−（５ａ）を装備した螺旋供給装置（５）を機体の最前部に一体的に連設して、鱗茎作物を茎の向きや姿勢に拘らず任意の姿勢で供給し、螺旋搬送装置（５ｂ）によって強制的に一個づつ整列搬送装置（Ｈ）に受継がせ、任意の供給姿勢から所定の倒立姿勢に整列しながら移送できる様にすることで、従来技術による倒立姿勢で一個づつ供給したり、複数個まとめながら茎を揃えて一括供給するのに比して、供給作業が任意且つ無造作に行えて、茎葉部や髭根を切断調製する作業の能率向上となる。
【００１６】
更に、図１〜図３及び図４により具体的にその構成を記述する。本願発明の螺旋供給装置（５）は略機体幅一杯のホッパ−（５ａ）を機体最前部に一体的に連設しながら蝶番を介在して回動可として、該ホッパ−（５ａ）には螺旋搬送装置（５ｂ）を回転自在に内蔵して構成しているが、該螺旋供給装置（５）はホッパ−（５ａ）の外壁に固着した支持金具（５ｅ）と機台（Ｔ２）を伸縮ステ−（５ｄ）で連結し、該伸縮ステ−（５ｄ）の伸縮調整によって蝶番を取着支点として上下回動自在に枢着され、一方、螺旋搬送装置（５ｂ）は一本の回転軸（５ｃ）のまわりに螺旋歯を固着して、該回転軸（５ｃ）の回転によって無造作に供給された鱗茎作物を出口に向かって移送するが、前記回転軸（５ｃ）はベルト伝動装置（７）及びチェン伝動装置（８）を介して動力によって駆動される。
該ベルト伝動装置（７）は左ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０）に直結していて、該左ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０）のロ−ラ軸に軸着した入力プ−リ（７ｂ）と出力プ−リ（７ｃ）及び両プ−リに巻掛けたベルト（７ａ）から構成され、更に出力プ−リ（７ｃ）を一端に軸着している中間軸の他端には入力スプロケット（８ｂ）が軸着されていて、前記チェン伝動装置（８）を連結している。該チェン伝動装置（８）は前記入力スプロケット（８ｂ）と出力スプロケット（８ｃ）及び両スプロケットに巻掛けられたチェン（８ａ）とから構成され、前記螺旋供給装置（５）に動力を伝達している。
【００１７】
一方、図１〜図３に示す如く、前記の整列搬送装置（Ｈ）は左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）からなり、該ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）は機体の進行方向に対して略平行にして相互内向きに回転し、且つ、ロ−ラ体（４１）の全外周面をブラシ状に植毛して、更に終端部を除きゴム或は合成樹脂等の弾性体からなる螺旋体（５０）を前記ブラシ部と一定ピッチで重着した構成になっていて、前記螺旋供給装置（５）の後部下方に重合連設してある。
前記の螺旋供給装置（５）より一個づつ供給される鱗茎作物は、例え倒伏横向き姿勢であっても、一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）の相互内向き回転によって茎を下向きに引き込み強制的に倒立姿勢にし、また全外周面に植毛したブラシによって全搬送行程中下向き引込み作用が働き整然とした倒立姿勢で搬送する。
その時、整列搬送に必要な距離を出来るだけ短く構成し、その上で無造作に一括供給しながら個別調製作業ができる様にして、鱗茎作物調製機（Ｔ）の構成をコンパクトなものにした。
【００１８】
又図７に示すように、螺旋搬送装置（５ｂ）を内蔵したホッパ−（５ａ）を装着し、そのホッパ−（５ａ）の後部に開口した出口の後方近傍にガイド機構を装着しているが、該ガイド機構は上向き茎反転ガイド（４３）及び横向き茎反転ガイド（４６）からなり、無造作に供給されて不特定方向を向いた多数の鱗茎作物の茎を一個づつ所定の向きに反転して、前記左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）に受継ぎ、既述の様にして倒立姿勢に姿勢変更をし易くして整列搬送を確実にした。
【００１９】
図１に図示するように、ホッパ−（５ａ）の出口から螺旋搬送装置（５ｂ）によって押出された鱗茎作物は所定の倒立姿勢で受継がれるものもあれば、茎が上向きや横向きで受継がれるものもあり、所定の倒立姿勢のものは反転の必要がなく其の侭搬送されるが、上向きや横向きで受継がれるものはブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）上を搬送されながら茎が上向き茎反転ガイド（４３）又は横向き茎反転ガイド（４６）に当接すると流れを阻害して玉部の進行につれて茎は流れの後方に反転倒伏するので、該反転倒伏した茎を左右のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）が引き込んで強制的に下方に向けさせ所定の倒立姿勢を確実にする。
【００２０】
更に、図７に仮想線で図示した如く、螺旋搬送装置（５ｂ）を内蔵したホッパ−（５ａ）の出口後方近傍に装着した前記の上向き茎反転ガイド（４３）が上下回動及び横向き茎反転ガイド（４６）が左右回動を夫々可能なる様に装着してあり、鱗茎作物の玉の大きさに順応して当接時の抵抗をやわらげる事で、鱗茎作物を損傷する事なく円滑な流れの中で倒立姿勢に姿勢変更しながら仕上げ調整部（２）へと整列搬送するように構成した。
【００２１】
又、螺旋搬送装置（５ｂ）を内蔵したホッパ−（５ａ）の出口後方近傍に装着した前記の上向き茎反転ガイド（４３）と後方近傍で相対的位置に、ゴム又は合成樹脂等の弾性体からなる左右一対の茎押羽根（４５・４５）を装備して、該茎押羽根（４５・４５）を左右相互内向きに回転自在にし、その周速を搬送速度より数倍も増速して装着する事で、前記茎反転ガイドで十分反転できなかった鱗茎作物の横向き又は上向きの茎の部分或いは玉の表皮部を押して玉の進行方向に茎を反転させるようにして、茎の向きを搬送方向に略平行に倒伏させ、左右ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）が取り込み易くして茎を強制的に下方に向かし、所定の倒立姿勢を確実にすることができるように構成した。
こうして、無造作に供給され茎が不特定方向を向いた複数個の鱗茎作物を一個づつ所定の向きに反転して、前記ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）が鱗茎作物の茎を下向きにし易くした。
【００２２】
一方、図４又は図５及び図６に図示したように、仕上げ調製部（２）にてカバ−（１４）の内側には、前記ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）の上方に位置し、球形をした鱗茎作物の鱗茎部を挟持搬送する挟持搬送装置（９）が配設され、更に挟持搬送装置（９）の上方に髭根切断装置（３）が配設してあり、前記挟持搬送装置（９）の下方には茎葉仕上切装置（４）が配設してある。
更に、図４又は図５に図示するように、前記の挟持搬送装置（９）は左右一対の挟持ベルト（９ａ・９ａ）によって挟持搬送通路を形成し、該挟持搬送装置（９）の前部が前記ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）の後部上方にラップするように配設され、該挟持搬送装置（９）の後端には排出部（１５）が配設されている。
【００２３】
以上のような配置構成の鱗茎作物調製機（Ｔ）において、該鱗茎作物調製機（Ｔ）は畝の肩上を走行して、作業者は畝上に置かれた鱗茎作物を拾い上げて、該鱗茎作物を無造作に茎葉部を揃たり向きを規制する煩わしさから開放された作業で螺旋供給装置（５）に供給する事ができるし、又既に圃場又は集荷場で集められた鱗茎作物群を、移動又は定置的に無造作一括供給も可能となり、供給作業を容易にし楽にする事ができる。
【００２４】
そして、一括供給された鱗茎作物は螺旋供給装置（５）内を螺旋搬送装置（５ｂ）によって出口側に移送され、該出口から一個づつ個別化されて連設されたブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）に転げ落ちて、該ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）の始端部に受継がれ、強制的に引き出され出口近傍に連設された上向き茎反転ガイド（４３）や横向き茎反転ガイド（４６）によって茎の向きが所定の下向きでなく上向きや横向きのものは茎が反転されて下向きにされて整列搬送されるのである。
【００２５】
一方、各ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０）は既述の通り、円筒形ロ−ラ体（４１）の全外周面をブラシ状に植毛し、更にゴム又は合成樹脂等の弾性体からなる螺旋体（５０）が終端部を除き先端部から一定ピッチで重着固設され、左右一対で整列搬送装置（Ｈ）を構成し機体中心部を進行方向に対して略平行に前後方向に配設されている。
入力構成は図４又は図５に示すように、左右搬送駆動軸（２０・２０）に各々ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）を駆動する一対のベベルギヤを内蔵した左右一対のベベルボックス（４２・４２）を取付けて、該左右一対のベベルボックス（４２・４２）の介在で前記ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）が相互内向き回転される。
この様にして、左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）によって茎側を下方に向けた倒立姿勢で整列搬送されて来た鱗茎作物は左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）に巻掛け固着したゴム又は合成樹脂等の弾性体からなる左右螺旋体（５０・５０）によって更に機体後方へ搬送される。
【００２６】
そして、茎葉部は左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）の後半に至るとその下方に重層配設された茎引張ベルト（６・６）に茎葉が挟持され、左右受動プ−リ（６ｃ・６ｃ）と同軸回転する左右茎葉粗切刃（６ｆ・６ｆ）によって長く伸びた茎葉は粗切断され、姿を整えて倒立姿勢のまま更に後方へ搬送される。
【００２７】
そして、鱗茎作物は粗処理部（１）を搬送される間、通路溝（図示省略）の左右両側の傾斜面にガイドされ適正な倒立姿勢を維持しながら搬送され、仕上げ調製部（２）に至ると挟持搬送装置（９）によって鱗茎作物の鱗茎部は挟持搬送される。
この搬送過程の中で、髭根部は髭根切断装置（３）によって切断され、茎葉部は茎葉仕上切装置（４）によって切断される。髭根部および茎葉部を切断された鱗茎部は、前記の挟持搬送装置（９）の終端部で挟持を解かれ、排出部（１５）を転がり出て排出シュ−タ−（１６）を介して機外に排出される。
尚、図４に示すように前記排出部（１５）は挟持ベルト（９ａ・９ａ）の後部下方から排出シュ−タ−（１６）までの間にガイド杆（１５ａ・１５ａ・・）が前後方向に後下りに傾斜して配設されてある。
【００２８】
更に、図１〜図３と図６に示す様に、既述した左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）の下方に重層し配設されている左右茎引張ベルト装置（６・６）の茎引張ベルト体（６ａ・６ａ）はスポンジベルトが用いられ、茎引張駆動プ−リ（６ｂ・６ｂ）と茎引張受動プ−リ（６ｃ・６ｃ）と茎引張中間プ−リ（６ｄ・６ｄ・・）の間に巻掛けられている。
該茎引張ベルト装置（６・６）は左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）に対して側面視で略平行に配設している。
この様な構成によって、前記の茎引張ベルト体（６ａ・６ａ）で茎葉部を挟持し下方に引張って、倒立姿勢の向きがより正しくなる様に矯正される。
【００２９】
図４又は図６に示すように、前記茎葉仕上切装置（４）は、左右一対の駆動軸（４ａ・４ａ）上部にそれぞれ回転刃（４ｂ・４ｂ）が軸着されて、両回転刃（４ｂ・４ｂ）の外周縁部が搬送中心線上で一部重なるように配設されている。前記の左右一対の駆動軸（４ａ・４ａ）は伝動ケ−ス（１７）より立設した軸と自在継手（１８・１８）を介して連結し上方に延設されている。又、前記の回転刃（４ｂ・４ｂ）は図６に図示する様に側面視において、前記の挟持搬送装置（９）の下方に位置して設けられ、この挟持搬送装置（９）における挟持ベルト（９ａ・９ａ）で球形状をした鱗茎部を挟持し搬送しながら、鱗茎作物の茎葉部を両回転刃（４ｂ・４ｂ）によって切断するようにしている。
【００３０】
図６に示すように、前記髭根切断装置（３）は仕上げ調製部（２）において、その前端部上方に配設されている支持枠（３ａ）に支承された髭根起し装置（３ｂ）と髭根切り装置（３ｃ）からなり、この髭根切り装置（３ｃ）は支持枠（３ａ）に上下動自在に連設された平行リンク（３ｄ）の後端に支持枢着されている。
また、前記髭根起し装置（３ｂ）は前記髭根切り装置（３ｃ）に設けた軸受支承部に支承設置されて、前記挟持搬送装置（９）が挟持搬送している鱗茎作物の髭根部を髭根起し装置（３ｂ）で起立整姿して、起立整姿した髭根部を髭根切り装置（３ｃ）で切除するように構成されている。
【００３１】
同じく図６に基づき記述すると、前記の髭根切り装置（３ｃ）は前記平行リンク（３ｄ）の後端に取着するヘッド（３ｆ）と、該ヘッド（３ｆ）に設けた円盤刃駆動ケ−ス（３ｇ）より突出した駆動軸に固設した円盤刃（３ｈ・３ｈ）と、該円盤刃（３ｈ・３ｈ）の前部上側に配設されたゲ−ジ金具（３ｋ・３ｋ）とで構成される。
【００３２】
また、図４の如く、前記平行リンク（３ｄ）と支持枠（３ａ）との間にはコイルばね（３ｎ）を介装し引張して、前記のゲ−ジ金具（３ｋ・３ｋ）が鱗茎作物に当接した際に、その当接荷重でヘッド（３ｆ）が軽くスム−ズに上方に退動できる様にしている。又、前記円盤刃（３ｈ・３ｈ）は、前記茎葉仕上切装置（４）の回転刃（４ｂ・４ｂ）に対して搬送方向上手側または下手側に位置をずらせて配設され、両者の切断タイミングをずらせて、切断負荷の重なりを避け最大負荷を低下する様にしている。
【００３３】
次に、図５及び図６に基づいて伝動機構について記述する。
実施例では、鱗茎作物調製機（Ｔ）を駆動する動力源としてエンジン（Ｅ）を搭載し該エンジン（Ｅ）の出力軸（Ｅ１）から伝動ベルト（Ｅ２）を介し動力は分配軸（２１）に伝達され、該分配軸（２１）によって各ベルト搬送装置や茎葉仕上切装置（４）等の駆動系と髭根切断装置（３）の駆動系に分配され、該髭根切断装置（３）の駆動力は伝動ベベルケ−ス（２２）に入力し、内蔵されたベベルギヤを介してカウンタ−軸（２３）へ伝動され、該カウンタ−軸（２３）と縦伝動ベルト（３０）を介し髭根切断装置（３）を駆動する。
一方、前記エンジン（Ｅ）の出力軸（Ｅ１）からベルト伝動で走行変速伝動装置（Ｔ４）に動力が伝達され、該走行変速伝動装置（Ｔ４）を介し走行装置（Ｔ１）を駆動する。
具体的には、前記カウンタ−軸（２３）から縦伝動ベルト（３０）を介して髭根切断駆動軸（３１）に動力が伝達され、該髭根切断駆動軸（３１）から自在継手（３２）と中継軸（３３）を介して円盤刃駆動ケ−ス（３ｇ）の入力軸（３４）に伝えられ、この入力軸（３４）によってベベルギヤ（３５・３６）を介して円盤刃（３ｈ・３ｈ）を回転駆動すると同時にベベルギヤ（３７・３８）を介して根起しブラシ（３ｂ・３ｂ）を駆動するのである。
また、前記カウンタ−軸（２３）には排葉ベルト（１１）を駆動するロ−ラ（１２）が軸着され、該ロ−ラ（１２）によって前記カウンタ−軸（２３）に平面視で直交する方向に排葉ベルト（１１）が設けられ、該排葉ベルト（１１）は無端状のコンベヤベルトで構成され、切断された排葉を機外に排出するものである。
【００３４】
一方、前記の分配軸（２１）からベルト伝動によって、駆動ケ−ス（１７）に内蔵された伝動装置に伝達された動力は、該伝動装置を構成する横入力軸（２６）と左右二組のベベルギヤ（２７・２８）を介して自在継手（１８・１８）によって連結連動される左右一対の駆動軸（４ａ・４ａ）に各々伝達される。
該左右一対の駆動軸（４ａ・４ａ）は各々上方に延設され、その上端に回転刃（４ｂ・４ｂ）を軸着して回転駆動するようにして、茎葉仕上切装置（４）の駆動系が構成されている。
【００３５】
更に、図５に図示する仕上げ調製部（２）の機枠に平面視で前広がりハ字状に装設される左右の搬送駆動ケ−ス（１９・１９）の後部には、図６にも図示する如く前記の駆動軸（４ａ・４ａ）が縦向きに嵌挿軸支され、この各駆動軸（４ａ）から搬送駆動ケ−ス（１９・１９）内のギヤ機構（２９・２９）を経て、搬送駆動ケ−ス（１９・１９）の前部に軸支立設されている左右の搬送駆動軸（２０・２０）に動力伝達し、該左右搬送駆動軸（２０・２０）を互いに前側内向きに同速回転させ、該左右搬送駆動軸（２０・２０）に装着された各種の搬送装置を対向面が後方に移送する様に駆動構成されている。
又、前記左右駆動軸（４ａ・４ａ）には各茎引張ベルト（６）の各茎引張ベルト体（６ａ）を駆動する茎引張駆動プ−リ（６ｂ・６ｂ）が軸着され、茎引張受動プ−リ（６ｃ・６ｃ）の下側に同軸回転する左右茎葉粗切刃（６ｆ・６ｆ）がその外周縁部を搬送中心線上で一部重なるように設けられ対向して前側内向きに回転するようにしている。
【００３６】
一方、図６に図示するように、前記左右搬送駆動軸（２０・２０）には、左右各々横ベルト伝動装置（１０・１０）の駆動プ−リ（１０ａ・１０ａ）が軸着され各横ベルト伝動装置（１０）を駆動している。
この各横ベルト伝動装置（１０）は左右とも各々搬送駆動軸（２０）に軸着された駆動プ−リ（１０ａ）と前記回転刃（４ｂ）を駆動する駆動軸（４ａ）に遊着された遊動プ−リ（１０ｂ）及び挟持搬送駆動プ−リ（１０ｃ）によって構成され、図５に図示するように平面視にて三角状に三軸にベルトが巻き掛けられている。
さらに図６の如く、この挟持搬送駆動プ−リ（１０ｃ）の回転軸を上方に延出して、同回転軸に挟持搬送入力プ−リ（９ｂ）を軸着して、この挟持搬送入力プ−リ（９ｂ）によって前記の挟持搬送装置（９）に動力が伝えられ、左右一対の挟持ベルト（９ａ・９ａ）を同速で互いに始端側内向きに回転駆動し対向面が後方移動するように構成されている。
【００３７】
又、螺旋供給装置（５）やブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０）及び茎押羽根（４５）の伝動機構について記述する。
螺旋供給装置（５）に内蔵される螺旋搬送装置（５ｂ）は一本の回転軸（５ｃ）のまわりに螺旋歯を固着して、該回転軸（５ｃ）の回転によって鱗茎作物をホッパ−（５ａ）の出口に向かって移送するが、該回転軸（５ｃ）はベルト伝動装置（７）及びチェン伝動装置（８）を介して動力が入力され駆動される。
具体的な伝動構成は、図５又は図６に示す様に、前記駆動ケ−ス（１７）を経由して各駆動軸（４ａ）によって左右搬送駆動ケ−ス（１９・１９）に内蔵された各ギヤ機構（２９）に動力が伝達され、該各ギヤ機構（２９）を経て左右搬送駆動軸（２０・２０）は相互内向きに回転する。該左右搬送駆動軸（２０・２０）に各ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０）を駆動する一対のベベルギヤを内蔵した左右ベベルボックス（４２・４２）を取着して、該左右ベベルボックス（４２・４２）を介在して前記左右のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）が相互内向き回転される。
【００３８】
更に左ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０）には前記ベルト伝動装置（７）が直結していて、該ベルト伝動装置（７）の入力プ−リ（７ｂ）が前記左ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０）のロ−ラ軸に軸着され、該入力プ−リ（７ｂ）と出力プ−リ（７ｃ）及び両プ−リに巻掛けたベルト（７ａ）とでベルト伝動装置（７）を構成している。更に出力プ−リ（７ｃ）を一端に軸着している中間軸（７ｄ）の他端には入力スプロケット（８ｂ）が軸着されていて、前記チェン伝動装置（８）を連結している。該チェン伝動装置（８）は前記入力スプロケット（８ｂ）と出力スプロケット（８ｂ）及び両スプロケットに巻掛けられたチェン（８ａ）とから構成され、前記螺旋供給装置（５）に動力を伝達している。
【００３９】
更に、図１と図２と図３及び図６に示す様に、前記の左右ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ（４０・４０）の後部下方に一対の茎引張ベルト（６・６）が配置され、この一対の茎引張ベルト（６・６）の始端側のプ−リで、実施例では一対の茎引張受動プ−リ（６ｃ・６ｃ）を軸着する左右プ−リ軸（６ｅ・６ｅ）を下方に延出させ、該各プ−リ軸（６ｅ）に左右一対の茎葉粗切刃（６ｆ・６ｆ）を各々軸着し同軸回転する様にして、その外周縁部を搬送中心線上で一部重なるように設けられ、互いに対向して茎葉の通路側に向かって各々始端側内向きに回転するようになっている。
更に、前記各プ−リ軸（６ｅ）は下方に延出され左右一対の増速チェン装置（４４・４４）を夫々装着し、該増速チェン装置（４４）を介して茎押羽根（４５）の周速を搬送速度より数倍も増速して駆動する様に伝動機構を構成し、各増速チェン装置（４４）は駆動スプロケット（４７）と受動スプロケット（４８）及びチェンで構成され、駆動スプロケット（４７）に対して受動スプロケット（４８）を小さくして増速する様にしている。
【００４０】
【発明の効果】
本願発明は、以上説明したような構成と実施の形態によって、次のような効果を奏するものである。
掘取られた鱗茎作物を搬送装置に供給して、鱗茎作物の茎葉部と髭根を切断分離する鱗茎作物調製装置を備えた鱗茎作物調製機において、整列搬送装置の前部に供給装置を一体的に連設したので、鱗茎作物を茎の向きや姿勢に拘らず任意に一括供給して、螺旋搬送装置によって一個づつ整列搬送装置に受継がせ、任意の供給姿勢から所定の倒立姿勢に整列しながら移送させる行程が一体化して、無造作な一括供給と茎を下にした整列搬送を円滑にし、茎葉部や髭根を切断分離する調製作業の能率向上と同時に機械の小型化が図れる。
【００４１】
整列搬送装置が左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラからなり、該ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラを機体の進行方向に対して略平行にして相互内向きに回転させ、且つロ−ラ体の外周面をブラシ状に植毛し、更に終端部を除きゴム又は合成樹脂等の弾性体からなる螺旋体を前記ブラシ部と一定ピッチで重着して前記供給装置の後部下方に連設したので、前記供給装置より一個づつ供給された鱗茎作物の茎を左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラの相互内向き回転によって茎を下向きに引き込み、鱗茎作物を強制的に倒立姿勢にするブラシ部による整列行程と螺旋体による搬送行程が同時に行われ、倒立姿勢にするのに必要な距離を短くする事ができ、無造作に一括供給しながら個別調製作業を可能とする構成がコンパクトになり小回りを利かせた作業能率の向上が図れる。
【００４２】
整列搬送装置の前部に一体的に連設した供給装置は螺旋搬送装置を内蔵したホッパ−からなる螺旋供給装置であるので、無造作に投入された鱗茎作物を強制的に出口に搬送し一個づつ押出し、鱗茎作物を前記左右一対のブラシ部付整列ロ−ラに確実に受継がせる事ができ、前記ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラの整列搬送を確実にして、仕上げ調製部に整然と搬送することで、供給能率の向上と安定化を図る事ができる。
【００４３】
掘取された鱗茎作物を搬送装置に供給して、鱗茎作物の茎葉部と髭根を切断分離する鱗茎作物調製装置を備えた鱗茎作物調製機において、供給装置と整列搬送装置の連設部に鱗茎作物の姿勢を修正する上向き茎反転ガイド及び横向き茎反転ガイドからなるガイド機構を配設したので、無造作に供給され不特定方向を向いた複数個の鱗茎作物の茎を一個づつ所定の向きに反転して、前記ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラが茎を引込み易くし、既述の様にして倒立姿勢での整列搬送を確実にして、茎や髭根の切断調整作業を円滑にすることができる。
【００４４】
既述の如く記載された鱗茎作物調製機はエンジンの駆動力で走行することが可能なる様に構成されているので、圃場又は集荷場で集められた鱗茎作物を適当なる移動又は定置にて無造作に一括供給を可能として、供給作業が容易になりしかも機動的に作業が行えて、利便性を向上改善する事ができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本願発明の要部である供給及び整列搬送部の側面図である。
【図２】本願発明の要部である供給及び整列搬送部の平面図である。
【図３】本願発明の要部である供給及び整列搬送部の正面図である。
【図４】本願発明に係る鱗茎作物調製機の全体側面図である。
【図５】本願発明に係る鱗茎作物調製装置の主要部を示した全体平面図である。
【図６】本願発明に係る鱗茎作物調製装置の伝動機構側面図である。
【図７】本願発明の要部である供給整列搬送部とガイド機構の拡大側面図である。
【符号の説明】
Ｔ 鱗茎作物調製機
Ｔ１ 走行装置
Ｔ３ 鱗茎作物調製装置
Ｔ４ 走行伝動装置
Ｅ エンジン
Ｈ 整列搬送装置
１ 粗処理部
２ 仕上げ調製部
３ 髭根切断装置
４ 茎葉仕上切装置
５ 螺旋供給装置
５ａ ホッパ−
５ｂ 螺旋搬送装置
５ｃ 回転軸
５ｄ 伸縮ステ−
６ 茎引張ベルト装置
７ ベルト伝動装置
８ チェン伝動装置
９ 挟持搬送装置
１０ 横ベルト伝動装置
２１ 分配軸
２３ カウンタ−軸
３０ 縦伝動ベルト
４０ ブラシ部付整列ロ−ラ
４３ 上向き茎反転ガイド
４４ 増速チェン装置
４５ 茎押羽根
４６ 横向き茎反転ガイド[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention picks up a bulb crop collected from a field by a bulb crop harvester or the like and placed on a ridge, and cuts and removes the foliage and whiskers, or performs the same processing and preparation as a stationary specification. The present invention relates to a bulb crop preparation machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a bulb crop is collected from a field by a bulb crop harvester or the like, left in the field and dried, and thereafter, the bulb crop is picked up while running the bulb crop preparation machine along the ridge, directly or in the preparation machine. The harvesting system that cuts the foliage and whiskers of the bulb crops and supplies them through the feed conveyor, and a large-scale machine that combines a series of equipment as stationary equipment. Preparation techniques are already known in various forms. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-56324
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the prior art, in order to pick up excavated bulb crops and supply them to the preparation machine, they are supplied one by one in an inverted posture with the stems down from the tip of the transfer device, or a supply device is attached. Means were taken to supply them all at once.However, individual supply is troublesome. Lacked mobility due to the independent combination of the two, was inconvenient and inefficient.
Therefore, the invention of the present application is intended to be able to collectively supply the bulb crops collected in a field or a collection place at random or in a fixed manner without moving, even if the direction of the stem is disturbed in an unspecified direction, the stem is lowered during the transportation. Forcibly changed the posture to the inverted position and transported it to the finishing preparation section, so that the supply work became easy and the work could be performed flexibly, and the convenience was improved and improved. An object of the present invention is to provide a bulb crop preparation machine which solves a problem of a transport device and improves efficiency.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a bulb crop equipped with a bulb crop preparation device that supplies a dug bulb crop to a transport device and cuts and separates the foliage and whiskers of the bulb crop. In the crop preparation machine, a spiral feeder is integrally connected to the front of the aligning and conveying device, and the collected bulb crops are arbitrarily supplied irrespective of the direction and posture of the stem, and are aligned one by one by the spiral conveying device. Inherited to a transfer device, and can be transferred while being aligned from a given supply position to a predetermined inverted position, so that they can be supplied one by one in the inverted position according to the conventional technology, or a plurality of stems can be aligned and supplied collectively. As compared with a large-sized apparatus which is a stationary apparatus, it is possible to perform a random batch supply by moving or stationary, and to improve the efficiency of cutting and preparing the foliage and whiskers.
[0006]
The aligning / conveying device comprises a pair of left and right aligning rollers with brushes, and the aligning rollers with brushes are rotated substantially in parallel to the advancing direction of the body and inwardly toward each other. A helical body made of an elastic material such as rubber or synthetic resin is superimposed on the brush part except for the end part, and is continuously provided below the rear part of the supply device, and the stems of bulb plants supplied one by one from the supply device are paired. By pulling downward by the mutual inward rotation of the alignment roller with the brush unit, the bulb crops are forcibly turned to the inverted posture and aligned and transported with a short required distance, and the individual preparation work is possible while supplying them randomly and collectively, and The bulb crop preparation machine has a compact configuration.
[0007]
The feeding device integrally connected to the front of the aligning and conveying device is a spiral feeding device composed of a hopper with a built-in spiral conveying device. The obtained bulb crops can be surely passed on to the alignment roller with the brush section.
[0008]
In a bulb crop preparation machine equipped with a bulb crop preparation device that cuts and separates the foliage and whiskers of the bulb crop by supplying the excavated bulb crop to the transport device, the spiral feed device and the alignment transport device are connected to each other. A guide mechanism for correcting the posture of the bulb crops is provided, and a plurality of bulb crops, which are randomly supplied and whose stems are directed in an unspecified direction, are turned one by one in a predetermined direction, and the alignment row with the brush part is turned. Made it easier for la to turn the stems of bulb crops down.
[0009]
The bulb crop preparation machine described as described above is configured to be able to run with the driving force of the engine, so that bulb crops collected in a field or a collection site can be moved or fixedly supplied in a batch at random. In addition, the supply operation is facilitated and the operation can be performed flexibly, so that the convenience can be improved and improved.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a supply and alignment / conveyance unit which is a main part of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a supply / alignment / conveyance unit which is a main part of the present invention, and FIG. It is a front view of the supply and alignment conveyance part which is. FIG. 4 is an overall side view of the bulb crop preparing machine according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is an overall plan view showing a main part of the bulb crop preparing machine, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view of the transmission mechanism of FIG. FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view of the configuration of the supply alignment transport unit and the guide mechanism.
[0011]
An overall configuration of a bulb crop preparation machine (T) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4 or FIG. The bulb crop preparation machine (T) according to the present invention has a traveling device (T1), and a spiral feeding device (5) or an alignment conveyance device (5) is mounted on a machine base (T2) mounted on the traveling device (T1). H) and a bulb crop preparation device (T3) are integrally mounted, and an engine (E), a traveling transmission (T4), a steering handle (T5), and the like are disposed at a rear portion of the machine base (T2). I have.
A discharge starter (16) is provided between the bulb crop preparation device (T3) and the operation handle (T5) so that the discharge starter (16) can be switched left and right. It is.
[0012]
Next, the configuration of the bulb crop preparation device (T3) will be described based on FIG. 4 or FIG. The bulb crop preparation device (T3) of the present invention comprises a spiral feeding device (5) disposed at the front, a rough processing unit (1), and a finishing preparation unit (2) disposed at the rear. . The rough processing section (1) and the finish preparing section (2) are respectively covered by covers (13) and (14), and the top surface of the cover (13) of the rough processing section (1) is adjusted to the finish preparing section (2). ) Is disposed lower than the upper surface of the cover (14), and the upper surface of the cover (13) covering the rough processing portion (1) has a passage groove at the center in the body width direction in parallel with the traveling direction. Is formed.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the front ends of the pair of left and right brush-equipped alignment rollers (40, 40) protrude from the cover (13) at the front end of the rough processing section (1). The helical feeder (5) is extended and partially overlapped above the helical feeder (5), and is continuously connected to the full width of the frontmost portion of the fuselage.
After being excavated, bulbous crops placed in the field can be picked up from anywhere and arbitrarily supplied.
[0014]
Further, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 and FIG. 6, a stalk tension belt device (6) is arranged below the rear part of the alignment roller with brushes (40, 40). The device (6) comprises a left and right stem pulling belt body (6a), and a pulley on the starting end side of the left and right stem pulling belt body (6a). In this embodiment, a pair of left and right stem pulling passive pulleys (6c and 6c). The pulley shafts (6e and 6e) on which the shafts are mounted are extended downward, and a pair of left and right foliage coarse cutting blades (6f and 6f) are respectively mounted on the pulley shafts (6e) and coaxially rotated. In this way, each of the stems and leaves is rotated inward toward the starting end side toward the passage side.
Further, the pulley shafts (6e) extend downward and drive the stem pushing blades (45) via the speed increasing chain device (44).
[0015]
Here, the gist of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
A bulb crop preparation machine (T) equipped with a bulb crop preparation device (T3) for supplying excavated bulb crops to a transport device and cutting and separating the foliage and whiskers of the bulb crops in the transport process of the transport device. The spiral feeding device (5) equipped with a hopper (5a) having a built-in spiral feeding device (5b) and capable of accommodating a plurality of supplied bulb crops is integrated with the foremost part of the fuselage. , The bulb crops are supplied in an arbitrary posture regardless of the direction and posture of the stems, and are forcibly transferred one by one by the spiral conveyance device (5b) to the alignment conveyance device (H), and are optionally supplied. By making it possible to transfer while aligning the posture from the posture to the predetermined inverted posture, the supply work is easier compared to the conventional technology in which one is supplied one by one in the inverted posture, or multiple stems are aligned and supplied collectively. Can be done freely and casually to remove foliage and whiskers The efficiency improvement of the working of the cross-sectional prepared.
[0016]
Further, the configuration will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. The spiral feeding device (5) of the present invention is provided with a hopper (5a) having a substantially full body width and being rotatable via a hinge while being integrally connected to the frontmost portion of the body. The spiral feeding device (5b) is constructed so as to be rotatable, and the spiral feeding device (5) expands and contracts the support bracket (5e) fixed to the outer wall of the hopper (5a) and the machine base (T2). The stay is connected by a stay (5d), and the extension and retraction of the extension and contraction stay (5d) is pivotally connected to the hinge so that the hinge can be pivoted up and down as a mounting fulcrum. A spiral tooth is fixed around 5c), and the bulb crop supplied randomly by the rotation of the rotary shaft (5c) is transported toward the outlet, and the rotary shaft (5c) is connected to the belt transmission (7). And driven by power via a chain transmission (8).
The belt transmission (7) is directly connected to an alignment roller (40) with a left brush portion, and an input pulley mounted on a roller shaft of the alignment roller (40) with a left brush portion. (7b), an output pulley (7c), and a belt (7a) wound around both pulleys, and the output pulley (7c) is attached to one end of the intermediate shaft. Has an input sprocket (8b) mounted on the shaft and connects the chain transmission (8). The chain transmission (8) is composed of the input sprocket (8b), the output sprocket (8c), and a chain (8a) wound around both sprockets, and transmits power to the spiral supply device (5). I have.
[0017]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the aligning and conveying device (H) includes a pair of left and right brush-equipped alignment rollers (40, 40), and the brush-equipped alignment rollers (40, 40). ) Is substantially parallel to the traveling direction of the fuselage and rotates inward each other, and the entire outer peripheral surface of the roller body (41) is planted in a brush shape, and rubber or synthetic material is removed except for the end portion. A spiral body (50) made of an elastic body such as a resin is overlapped with the brush part at a constant pitch, and is provided in a continuous manner below a rear part of the spiral supply device (5).
The bulb crops supplied one by one from the spiral supply device (5) turn down the stems by the mutual inward rotation of the pair of brush-equipped alignment rollers (40, 40) even if they are in the lying sideways posture. And the brush is implanted on the entire outer peripheral surface, and a downward pulling action is performed during the entire conveying stroke to convey the object in an orderly inverted posture.
At that time, the distance required for the alignment and conveyance was made as short as possible, and then the individual preparation work could be carried out while being supplied in a batch at random, so that the structure of the bulb crop preparation machine (T) was made compact.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 7, a hopper (5a) incorporating a spiral transfer device (5b) is mounted, and a guide mechanism is mounted near the rear of an outlet opened at the rear of the hopper (5a). The guide mechanism comprises an upward stem reversing guide (43) and a lateral stem reversing guide (46), and inverts the stems of a large number of bulb crops, which are randomly supplied and directed in an unspecified direction, one by one to a predetermined direction. The alignment rollers (40, 40) with the pair of left and right brush parts are inherited to easily change the posture to the inverted posture as described above, thereby ensuring the alignment and conveyance.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 1, some bulb crops extruded from the outlet of the hopper (5a) by the spiral conveying device (5b) are inherited in a predetermined inverted posture, while others are inherited with the stems facing upward or sideways. Some of them are transported as they are without turning over, but those that are inherited upward or sideways are transported on the alignment rollers (40, 40) with brushes. When the stem abuts on the upward stem reversing guide (43) or the lateral stem reversing guide (46), the flow is obstructed, and the stem reverses and falls behind the flow as the ball progresses. The alignment rollers (40, 40) with brushes are pulled in and forcibly turned downward to ensure a predetermined inverted posture.
[0020]
Further, as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 7, the upward stem reversing guide (43) mounted near the rear of the outlet of the hopper (5a) incorporating the spiral conveying device (5b) rotates vertically and reverses the lateral stem. Guides (46) are installed so that they can be rotated to the left and right, respectively, and by adapting to the size of the bulb of the bulb crop, the resistance at the time of contact is softened, so that the flow smoothly without damaging the bulb crop In this configuration, the robot is aligned and transported to the finishing adjustment unit (2) while changing the posture to the inverted posture.
[0021]
In addition, the upwardly directed stem reversing guide (43) mounted near the exit rear of the hopper (5a) with the built-in spiral transport device (5b) is relatively positioned near the rear from an elastic body such as rubber or synthetic resin. Equipped with a pair of left and right stem presser blades (45, 45) so that the stem presser blades (45, 45) are rotatable inward to the left and right mutually inward, and the peripheral speed thereof is increased several times higher than the transport speed. By attaching, by pushing the lateral or upward stem portion or the epidermis portion of the ball of the bulb crop that could not be sufficiently inverted by the stem inversion guide, the stem is inverted in the traveling direction of the ball, and the direction of the stem is conveyed So that the left and right brush-equipped alignment rollers (40, 40) can easily be taken in and forcibly turn the stem downward to ensure a predetermined inverted posture. Configured.
In this manner, a plurality of bulb crops, which are randomly supplied and whose stems are directed in an unspecified direction, are inverted one by one in a predetermined direction, and the alignment rollers (40, 40) with the brush parts face the stems of the bulb crops downward. I made it easier.
[0022]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, inside the cover (14) in the finishing preparation section (2), above the alignment rollers (40, 40) with the brush section. A pinching and conveying device (9) for pinching and transporting the bulb portion of the bulbous bulb crop, and a whisker cutting device (3) disposed above the pinching and conveying device (9); A foliage finishing and cutting device (4) is disposed below the holding and conveying device (9).
Further, as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the above-mentioned nipping and conveying device (9) forms a nipping and conveying passage by a pair of left and right nipping belts (9a, 9a), and a front part of the nipping and conveying device (9). Are disposed so as to wrap above the rear part of the alignment rollers with brush parts (40, 40), and a discharge part (15) is disposed at the rear end of the holding and conveying device (9).
[0023]
In the bulb crop preparation machine (T) having the above arrangement, the bulb crop preparation machine (T) runs on the shoulder of the ridge, and the operator picks up the bulb crop placed on the ridge, and The bulb crops can be supplied to the spiral feeder (5) by an operation that is free from the trouble of randomly aligning the stems and leaves and controlling the direction of the stems and leaves, and the bulb crops that have already been collected in a field or a collection site can be collected. In addition, random bulk supply can be performed in a moving or stationary manner, which facilitates and facilitates the supply operation.
[0024]
Then, the bulb crops supplied collectively are transferred to the outlet side by the spiral transporting device (5b) in the spiral feeding device (5), and are arranged individually from the outlet, one by one, with a brush-equipped aligning roller. (40, 40), and is taken over by the starting end of the alignment roller with brush (40, 40). By the lateral stem reversing guide (46), those whose stem direction is upward or lateral instead of the predetermined downward direction are inverted and turned downward to be aligned and conveyed.
[0025]
On the other hand, as described above, each of the alignment rollers with brushes (40) has the entire outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical roller body (41) implanted in a brush shape, and furthermore is made of an elastic material such as rubber or synthetic resin. A spiral body (50) is attached and fixed at a constant pitch from the tip end except for the end, and a pair of right and left constitutes an aligning and conveying device (H), and the center of the fuselage is disposed substantially in the front-rear direction substantially parallel to the traveling direction. Have been.
As shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the input configuration is a pair of left and right bevel boxes with a pair of bevel gears built in the left and right transport drive shafts (20, 20) for driving the alignment rollers (40, 40) with brushes, respectively. With the (42, 42) attached, the alignment rollers (40, 40) with brush parts are rotated inwardly by the interposition of the pair of left and right bevel boxes (42, 42).
In this manner, the bulb crops that are aligned and conveyed by the pair of left and right brush-equipped alignment rollers (40, 40) in an inverted posture with the stem side downward are arranged in a pair of left and right brush-equipped alignment rollers. It is further conveyed to the rear of the fuselage by left and right spiral bodies (50, 50) made of an elastic body such as rubber or synthetic resin wound around and fixed to (40, 40).
[0026]
When the foliage reaches the second half of the pair of left and right brush-equipped aligning rollers (40, 40), the foliage is sandwiched by the stalk tension belts (6.6) arranged underneath, and the left and right passive rolls are arranged. -The long foliage extended by the left and right foliage coarse cutting blades (6f, 6f) coaxially rotating with the rib (6c, 6c) is roughly cut, and is conveyed further rearward in an upright posture.
[0027]
While the bulb crops are transported through the rough processing section (1), they are guided by the inclined surfaces on both the left and right sides of the passage groove (not shown) and transported while maintaining an appropriate inverted posture, and are sent to the finishing preparation section (2). Then, the bulb portion of the bulb crop is nipped and transported by the nipping and transporting device (9).
During this transport process, the root portion is cut by the root cutting device (3), and the foliage is cut by the foliage finishing device (4). The bulb portion from which the whiskers and foliage have been cut is released from the end portion of the above-mentioned holding and conveying device (9), rolls out the discharge portion (15) and passes through the discharge starter (16). Emitted outside the machine.
As shown in FIG. 4, the discharge portion (15) has a guide rod (15a, 15a,...) In the front-rear direction between the lower portion of the rear portion of the holding belt (9a, 9a) and the discharge starter (16). It is arranged to be inclined backward.
[0028]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG. 6, the left and right stem pulling belt devices (6) which are arranged in layers below the pair of left and right brush-equipped alignment rollers (40, 40). A sponge belt is used for the stem pulling belt body (6a, 6a) of (6), and a stem pulling drive pulley (6b, 6b), a stem pulling passive pulley (6c, 6c) and a stem pulling intermediate pulley. (6d · 6d ···).
The stalk tension belt device (6.6) is disposed substantially parallel to a pair of left and right alignment rollers (40, 40) with brushes in a side view.
According to such a configuration, the stem and leaf portion is nipped and pulled downward by the above-described stem tension belt body (6a, 6a), and the orientation of the inverted posture is corrected so as to be more correct.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 6, the foliage finishing and cutting device (4) has rotating blades (4b, 4b) mounted on a pair of left and right driving shafts (4a, 4a), respectively. 4b and 4b) are arranged such that the outer peripheral edges thereof partially overlap on the transport center line. The pair of left and right drive shafts (4a, 4a) are connected to shafts erected from the transmission case (17) via universal joints (18, 18) and extend upward. As shown in FIG. 6, the rotary blades (4b, 4b) are provided below the holding and conveying device (9) in a side view, and the holding belt in the holding and conveying device (9) is provided. The foliage of the bulb crop is cut by both rotating blades (4b, 4b) while pinching and transporting the bulb-shaped bulb in (9a, 9a).
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 6, in the finishing preparation unit (2), the whisker cutting device (3) is a whisker raising device (3b) supported by a support frame (3a) disposed above its front end. ) And a beard cutting device (3c), which is pivotally supported at the rear end of a parallel link (3d) connected to the support frame (3a) so as to be vertically movable. .
The whisker raising device (3b) is mounted on a bearing support provided on the whisker cutting device (3c), and the whisker portion of a bulb crop that is being nipped and conveyed by the nipping and conveying device (9). The beard raising device (3b) is used for raising and shaping the beard portion, and the raised and shaped beard portion is cut off by the beard root cutting device (3c).
[0031]
Referring also to FIG. 6, the whisker cutting device (3c) includes a head (3f) attached to the rear end of the parallel link (3d), and a disk blade driving case provided on the head (3f). Disk blade (3h, 3h) fixed to the drive shaft protruding from the disk blade (3g), and a gage fitting (3k, 3k) disposed on the front upper side of the disk blade (3h, 3h). Be composed.
[0032]
Also, as shown in FIG. 4, a coil spring (3n) is interposed between the parallel link (3d) and the support frame (3a) to be pulled, and the gage fitting (3k / 3k) is attached to the bulb. When it comes into contact with the crop, the head (3f) can retreat lightly and smoothly upward by the contact load. Further, the disc blade (3h, 3h) is disposed so as to be shifted to the upper side or the lower side in the transport direction with respect to the rotary blade (4b, 4b) of the foliage finishing and cutting device (4), and cut both. The timing is shifted so that the cutting load does not overlap and the maximum load is reduced.
[0033]
Next, the transmission mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the embodiment, an engine (E) is mounted as a power source for driving the bulb crop preparation machine (T), and power is distributed from an output shaft (E1) of the engine (E) via a transmission belt (E2) to a distribution shaft (21). And distributed by the distribution shaft (21) to drive systems such as belt conveyors and foliage finishing and cutting devices (4) and to the drive system of the root cutting device (3), and the root cutting device (3). Is input to a transmission bevel case (22) and transmitted to a counter shaft (23) via a built-in bevel gear, and the whiskers via the counter shaft (23) and the vertical transmission belt (30). The cutting device (3) is driven.
On the other hand, power is transmitted from the output shaft (E1) of the engine (E) to the traveling transmission (T4) by belt transmission, and drives the traveling device (T1) via the traveling transmission (T4).
Specifically, power is transmitted from the counter shaft (23) to the root cutting drive shaft (31) via the vertical transmission belt (30), and the universal joint (32) is transmitted from the root cutting drive shaft (31). ) And the relay shaft (33) to the input shaft (34) of the disk blade drive case (3g), and the input shaft (34) through the bevel gears (35, 36). 3h) is rotated and, at the same time, the root brushes (3b, 3b) are driven via the bevel gears (37, 38).
A roller (12) for driving a leaf discharge belt (11) is mounted on the counter shaft (23), and the roller (12) is attached to the counter shaft (23) in plan view. A leaf discharge belt (11) is provided in a direction orthogonal to the leaf discharge belt (11), and is configured by an endless conveyor belt, and discharges the cut leaf discharge outside the machine.
[0034]
On the other hand, the power transmitted from the distribution shaft (21) to the transmission built in the drive case (17) by the belt transmission is two pairs of the left and right input shafts (26) constituting the transmission. Are transmitted to a pair of left and right drive shafts (4a, 4a) connected and linked by universal joints (18, 18) via the bevel gears (27, 28).
The pair of left and right drive shafts (4a, 4a) are respectively extended upward, and the rotating blades (4b, 4b) are pivotally mounted on the upper ends thereof to rotate and drive the foliage finishing and cutting device (4). The system is configured.
[0035]
Further, at the rear of the left and right transport drive cases (19, 19) mounted in the machine frame of the finishing preparation section (2) shown in FIG. Also, as shown in the drawing, the drive shafts (4a, 4a) are vertically inserted and supported by shafts, and the gear mechanisms (29, 29) in the transport drive case (19, 19) are connected from the respective drive shafts (4a). The power is transmitted to the left and right transport drive shafts (20, 20) which are supported by the shaft at the front of the transport drive case (19, 19). They are rotated so as to rotate inward at the same speed on the front side and drive various transport devices mounted on the left and right transport drive shafts (20, 20) such that the opposing surfaces are transported rearward.
A stem pulling drive pulley (6b, 6b) for driving each stem pulling belt body (6a) of each stem pulling belt (6) is axially mounted on the left and right drive shafts (4a, 4a). Under the passive pulleys (6c, 6c), left and right foliage coarse cutting blades (6f, 6f) coaxially rotating are provided so that their outer peripheral edges partially overlap on the transport center line, and are opposed to face inward. I try to rotate.
[0036]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, drive pulleys (10a, 10a) of horizontal belt transmissions (10, 10) are axially mounted on the left and right transport drive shafts (20, 20). It drives the belt transmission (10).
Each of the lateral belt transmissions (10) is loosely attached to a drive pulley (10a) axially mounted on a transport drive shaft (20) and a drive shaft (4a) for driving the rotary blade (4b). As shown in FIG. 5, the belt is wound around three axes in a triangular shape in plan view as shown in FIG.
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotating shaft of the nipping / conveying drive pulley (10c) is extended upward, and the nipping / conveying input pulley (9b) is axially mounted on the rotating shaft. Power is transmitted to the holding and conveying device (9) by the lever (9b), and the pair of left and right holding belts (9a, 9a) are driven to rotate inward at the same end at the same speed to move the opposing surface backward. Is configured.
[0037]
The transmission mechanism of the spiral feeder (5), the alignment roller with brush (40) and the stem presser blade (45) will be described.
A helical conveying device (5b) incorporated in the helical supply device (5) has helical teeth fixed around one rotation shaft (5c), and the bulb is cropped by a rotation of the rotation shaft (5c). The rotary shaft (5c) is driven by inputting power via a belt transmission (7) and a chain transmission (8).
As shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, a specific transmission structure is built in the left and right transport drive cases (19, 19) by the respective drive shafts (4a) via the drive case (17). The power is transmitted to each gear mechanism (29), and the left and right transport drive shafts (20, 20) rotate inward through each gear mechanism (29). Left and right bevel boxes (42, 42) each containing a pair of bevel gears for driving an alignment roller (40) with each brush unit are attached to the left and right transport drive shafts (20, 20). The left and right brush-equipped alignment rollers (40, 40) are rotated inward each other with the intermediate rollers (42, 42) interposed therebetween.
[0038]
Further, the belt transmission (7) is directly connected to the alignment roller (40) with the left brush part, and the input pulley (7b) of the belt transmission (7) is connected to the alignment roller with the left brush part. A belt transmission device (7), which is mounted on a roller shaft of the roller (40), and is composed of the input pulley (7b), the output pulley (7c) and the belt (7a) wound around both pulleys. 7). Further, an input sprocket (8b) is axially mounted on the other end of the intermediate shaft (7d) having an output pulley (7c) mounted on one end, and is connected to the chain transmission (8). . The chain transmission (8) includes the input sprocket (8b), the output sprocket (8b), and a chain (8a) wound around both sprockets, and transmits power to the spiral feeder (5). I have.
[0039]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 6, a pair of stem pulling belts (6.6) are arranged below the rear portions of the alignment rollers (40 and 40) with the left and right brush portions. The left and right pulley shafts (6e, 6e) on which the pair of stalk pulling passive pulleys (6c, 6c) are axially attached in this embodiment are pulleys on the starting end side of the pair of stalk pulling belts (6.6). ) Is extended downward, and a pair of left and right foliage coarse cutting blades (6f, 6f) are respectively mounted on the pulley shafts (6e) so as to rotate coaxially. Are provided so as to partially overlap with each other, and rotate inward at the starting end side toward the passage side of the foliage in opposition to each other.
Further, each pulley shaft (6e) is extended downward, and a pair of left and right speed-increasing chain devices (44, 44) are respectively attached thereto. The transmission mechanism is configured to drive the peripheral speed of ()) several times faster than the transport speed, and each speed-up chain device (44) includes a driving sprocket (47), a passive sprocket (48), and a chain. The passive sprocket (48) is made smaller than the driving sprocket (47) to increase the speed.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following effects by the configuration and the embodiment described above.
In a bulb crop preparation machine equipped with a bulb crop preparation device that feeds excavated bulb crops to a transport device and cuts and separates the foliage and whiskers of the bulb crop, the supply device is integrated in front of the alignment transport device. Arbitrarily, bulb plants are arbitrarily supplied irrespective of the direction and posture of the stems, and are transferred one by one by the spiral transport device to the aligning and transporting device. The transfer process is integrated while smoothing the random batch supply and the alignment and conveyance with the stem down, and the efficiency of the preparation work for cutting and separating the foliage and whiskers can be improved, and the size of the machine can be reduced.
[0041]
The aligning / conveying device comprises a pair of left and right aligning rollers with brushes, and the aligning rollers with brushes are rotated substantially in parallel to the advancing direction of the body and inwardly toward each other. Since the outer peripheral surface was planted in a brush shape, and a spiral body made of an elastic material such as rubber or synthetic resin was layered with the brush portion at a constant pitch except for the terminal portion, and was continuously provided below the rear portion of the supply device. The alignment process by the brush unit that pulls the stems of the bulb crops supplied one by one from the supply unit downward by the mutual inward rotation of the pair of left and right brush-equipped alignment rollers and forcibly brings the bulb crops to the inverted posture. And the helical transfer process are performed at the same time, shortening the distance required for the inverted posture, making it possible to carry out individual preparation work while supplying unnecessarily collectively, making the configuration compact and making small turns possible Direction of efficiency It can be achieved.
[0042]
Since the feeding device integrally connected to the front of the aligning / conveying device is a helical feeding device including a hopper with a built-in helical conveying device, the randomly input bulbous crops are forcibly conveyed to the outlet and one by one. Extrusion and bulb crops can be reliably inherited by the pair of left and right brush-aligned rollers, and the brush-aligned rollers can be reliably aligned and transported to the finishing preparation unit. Thus, the supply efficiency can be improved and stabilized.
[0043]
In the bulb crop preparation machine equipped with a bulb crop preparation device that cuts and separates the foliage and whiskers of the bulb crop by supplying the excavated bulb crops to the transport device, the supply device and the alignment transport device are connected to each other. Since a guide mechanism consisting of an upward stem reversing guide and a lateral stem reversing guide for correcting the posture of a bulb crop is arranged, the stems of a plurality of bulb crops that are randomly supplied and oriented in an unspecified direction are placed one by one in a predetermined direction. By inverting, the alignment roller with the brush unit makes it easy to pull in the stem, secures the alignment and transport in the inverted posture as described above, and facilitates the cutting and adjusting work of the stem and whiskers. it can.
[0044]
Since the bulb crop preparation machine described as described above is configured to be able to run with the driving force of the engine, the bulb crop collected in the field or the collection site is randomly moved or moved in an appropriate manner. In this case, the supply operation can be performed easily, and the supply operation can be easily performed, and the operation can be performed flexibly, so that the convenience can be improved and improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a supply and aligning / conveying unit which is a main part of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a supply and aligning / conveying unit which is a main part of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a supply and aligning / conveying unit which is a main part of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an overall side view of the bulb crop preparation machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an overall plan view showing a main part of the bulb crop preparation device according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a side view of a transmission mechanism of the bulb crop preparation device according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view of a supply aligning and conveying unit and a guide mechanism, which are main parts of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
T bulb crop preparation machine
T1 traveling device
T3 bulb crop preparation equipment
T4 travel transmission
E engine
H Alignment transfer device
1 Rough processing section
2 Finish preparation section
3 Root cutting device
4 Foliage finishing cutting device
5 Spiral feeding device
5a Hopper
5b Spiral transfer device
5c Rotary axis
5d telescopic stay
6 Stem tension belt device
7 Belt transmission
8 Chain transmission
9 Nipping transport device
10 Lateral belt transmission
21 Distribution axis
23 Counter-axis
30 vertical transmission belt
40 Alignment Roller with Brush
43 Upward Stem Inversion Guide
44 Speed-up chain device
45 Stem push feather
46 Horizontal stem inversion guide
