JP2004092751A - Three-way valve - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-way valve of a simple structure, hardly impairing its thermal efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: This three-way valve comprises one fluid inlet 1, a first outlet 2 and a second outlet 3, and allowing the fluid flowing from the fluid inlet 1 to flow out from one of the first outlet 2 and the second outlet 3. A second main valve 30 and a first main valve 20 are mounted on a channel to the first outlet 2, a channel from the second main valve 30 to the second outlet is branched, the second main valve 30 is opened and closed by a solenoid valve 50, and the opening and closing of the first outlet 2 is linked with the opening and closing of the second main valve 30. The first main valve 20 is communicated to the fluid inlet 1 through the second main valve 30, and introduces a refrigerant pressure of the second outlet as the back pressure of the first main valve 20 to operate the first main valve 20 in the closing direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a three-way valve, and more particularly, to a three-way valve in which one of two fluid outlets is selected with respect to a fluid inlet by an operation of one solenoid valve.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a refrigerant cycle used for an air conditioner, a refrigerator, and the like, a flow path switching valve is used in a flow path to switch a refrigerant flow path. Conventionally, a four-way valve is often used as a flow path switching valve. However, the four-way valve has a large number of parts and a complicated structure.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology and to provide a three-way valve having a small number of parts and a simple structure.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following measures.
The three-way valve according to claim 1 includes one fluid inlet 1, a first outlet 2, and a second outlet 3, and the fluid flowing from the fluid inlet 1 is supplied to either the first outlet 2 or the second outlet 3. In the three-way valve flowing out of the outlet,
The second main valve 30 and the first main valve 20 are provided in the flow path to the first outlet 2, and the flow path from the second main valve 30 to the second outlet 3 is branched to open and close the second main valve 30. Is performed by an electromagnetic valve, and the opening and closing of the first outlet 2 is linked to the opening and closing of the second main valve 30.
[0005]
The three-way valve according to claim 2, wherein the first main valve (20) communicates with the fluid inlet (1) via the second main valve (30) and has a first valve seat (22) formed therein. A first valve body 21 disposed in the first valve cylinder portion 24 and urged by a first valve urging body 23 in a first valve seat direction via a first valve support 21a; A sub-valve 25a mounted on the one-valve support body 21a on the opposite side to the first valve body 21, and a first back pressure action space 25 in which the fluid pressure of the second outlet 3 acts on the sub-valve 25a. And
The second main valve 30 communicates with the fluid inlet 1 and has a second valve seat 32 formed therein, and a second valve biasing member 33 disposed in the second valve cylinder 34. The second valve body 31 urged in the direction of the second valve seat 32 by the pressure, a second back pressure action space 35 in which the fluid pressure of the fluid inlet 1 acts on the second valve body 31, and a second back pressure action A pilot flow path 37 communicating with the space 35,
The second main valve 30 is configured to be "open" by reducing the fluid pressure of the pilot flow path 37 by an electromagnetic valve.
[0006]
The three-way valve according to the third aspect is the means according to the second aspect, in which the second valve seat 32 of the second main valve 30 and the second outlet 3 communicate with each other via the second outlet line 39, and A sub-valve seat 22a is provided at a position corresponding to the sub-valve 25a at a lower bottom portion of the valve cylinder portion 24, and the first back pressure action space 25 and the second outlet pipe 39 are communicated via the sub-valve seat 22a. At the same time, when the first valve body 21 is “open”, the sub-valve 25a is “closed”, and when the second valve body 31 is “open”, the sub-valve 25a is opened by the refrigerant pressure from the second outlet pipe 39. The three-way valve according to claim 2, wherein the valve is "open".
The three-way valve according to claim 4 is the means according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the solenoid valve 50 includes a drive unit 60 driven by turning on and off a switch, and a valve body 91 opened and closed by the drive unit 60. The pilot flow path 37 is connected to the fluid inflow side of the valve body 91, and is connected to the second outlet 3 via a second outflow path 38 provided on the fluid outflow side. I do.
[0007]
In the above description of the means of the present invention, in order to make it easy to understand the correspondence with the embodiments, each component is denoted by a drawing symbol, but the present invention is not limited to this.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan view of the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a front view of the embodiment, FIG. 3 is a rear view of the embodiment, FIG. 4 is a right side view of the embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.
The three-way valve 100 according to the embodiment is supported by a structure made of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped metal block made of aluminum alloy, steel, or the like as a whole, and has a fluid inlet 1 on one side surface (particularly, see FIGS. 2 and 6). Is formed. A first outlet 2 is formed on the opposite side (particularly, see FIGS. 3 and 6).
[0009]
On the upper side of the three-way valve 100, an electromagnetic valve 50 is attached, and when a switch for the drive unit 60 of the electromagnetic valve 50 is turned on / off, the outlet of the compressor in the pipeline in the refrigeration cycle. The refrigerant flowing from the connected fluid inlet 1 is switched to the first outlet 2 or the second outlet 3 to flow. The three-way valve 100 is applied to, for example, switching of a refrigerant flow path in a cooling cycle or a heating cycle in a refrigeration cycle of an air conditioner or the like.
[0010]
Next, the first main valve 20 connected from the fluid inlet 1 via the first inflow path 10, the second main valve 30, and the second inflow path 11 will be described (particularly, see FIG. 6). The first main valve 20 is formed in a first valve cylinder portion 24 having a circular cross section and formed in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the first inflow path 10 and the second inflow path 11. The first valve body 24 has a first valve body 21 movable in a near-far direction (a vertical direction in FIG. 6) with respect to a first valve seat 22 formed on an upper bottom portion of the first valve body portion 24. Is arranged.
[0011]
The first valve body 21 has a ball shape and is supported by a cylindrical first valve support body 21a provided integrally. In other words, the piston-shaped first valve support 21a is arranged to be able to reciprocate up and down with respect to the cylinder-shaped first valve cylinder portion 24. In addition, a refrigerant vent hole (no reference numeral) is formed so as to communicate with a space between the first valve body 21 and the first valve support body 21a. An opening at the center of the first valve seat 22 opens to a first outlet pipe 29 through a first communication passage 26a, and the first outlet pipe 29 communicates with the first outlet 2. are doing.
[0012]
The inside of the first valve body 24 constitutes a first valve chamber 26, and the first valve body 24 and the first valve support 21 a provided below the first valve body 24. A first back pressure action space 25 is formed between the first back pressure action space 25 and a first valve biasing body 23 supported by a first elastic body support 23a is interposed in the first back pressure action space 25. The first valve body 21 is urged to the left, that is, the “closed” side, by the first valve urging body 23.
[0013]
A ball-shaped auxiliary valve 25a is mounted on the lower end of the first valve support 21a (on the side opposite to the mounting portion of the first valve 21), while the first valve support 21a is mounted on the first valve support 21a. A main communication hole 23b communicating with the first back pressure acting space 25 and a sub communication hole 23c communicating with the main communication hole 23b are provided continuously. The sub communication hole 23c communicates with the second communication passage 36a via a pilot flow passage 37 described later.
[0014]
Therefore, the refrigerant in the second communication passage 36a is formed to reach the first back pressure action space 25 formed below the first valve support 21a (FIG. 6) via the pilot flow path 37. ing. In addition, the refrigerant pressure that has reached the first back pressure action space 25 causes the sub-valve 25a to “open” and acts as a back pressure on the first valve support 21a to close the first valve 21. ”Direction.
[0015]
Next, the second main valve 30 connected from the fluid inlet 1 formed in the three-way valve 100 via the first inflow path 10 and the second inflow path 11 will be described (particularly, see FIG. 6).
[0016]
The second main valve 30 is formed in a second valve cylinder portion 34 having a circular cross section and formed in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the first inflow path 10 and the second inflow path 11. In the second valve body 34, a second valve body 31 that is movable in a direction toward and away from the second valve seat 32 formed at the bottom of the second valve body 34 (in the vertical direction in FIG. 6). Be placed.
[0017]
The second valve body 31 has a ball shape and is supported by a cylindrical second valve support body 31a provided integrally. In other words, the piston-shaped second valve support 31a is disposed so as to be able to reciprocate left and right with respect to the cylindrical first valve cylinder 24. In addition, a refrigerant vent hole (no symbol) is formed so as to communicate with the space between the second valve body 31 and the second valve support 31a. The opening at the center of the second valve seat 32 opens to a second outlet pipe 39 via a second communication passage 36a, and the second outlet pipe 39 communicates with the second outlet 3. I have.
[0018]
A second valve chamber 36 is formed in the second valve cylinder 34, and a predetermined space between the second valve cylinder 34 and the second valve support 31a, that is, a second back pressure acting space. A second valve biasing body 33 supported by a second elastic body support 33a is interposed in the second back pressure action space 35, and the second valve body 31 It is urged downward by the two-valve urging body 33, that is, to the “closed” side.
The refrigerant in the second valve chamber 36 passes through a gap between the second valve cylinder portion 34 and the second valve support 31a, and a second back pressure action space 35 formed above the second valve support 31a. Is formed. The refrigerant pressure that has reached the second back pressure action space 35 acts as a back pressure on the second valve support 31a (acts in the valve closing direction).
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 5, a pilot flow path 37 is formed substantially linearly from the second back pressure action space 35, and the other end of the pilot flow path 37 communicates with a valve chamber 96 described later. I have. Note that reference numeral 8 in the drawing denotes a mounting hole for mounting a pipe constituting a pipeline to the three-way valve 100.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 5, the solenoid valve 50 is mounted on a solenoid valve mounting hole 4 formed in the three-way valve 100 via a mounting member 51. A lead wire 52 (see FIGS. 1 and 4) for supplying electric power is connected to the solenoid valve 50, and a drive unit 60 including an electromagnetic coil 60a is disposed at the center of the drive unit 60. A plunger 61 that moves up and down by operating a switch (not shown) that turns off is arranged.
A valve chamber 96 is formed between the solenoid valve mounting hole 4 of the three-way valve 100 and a valve body 91 formed at the lower end of the plunger 61, and a valve seat 92 is formed near the lower portion of the valve body 91. Are located.
[0021]
The valve seat 92 is formed with a second outflow passage 38, and the lower end thereof communicates with the second outlet conduit 39.
In addition, a suction element 93a is arranged on the upper part of the plunger 61 so that the vertical position can be adjusted. A closing spring 93 is elastically mounted between the suction element 93a and the plunger 61, and presses the valve body 91 downward. Therefore, the solenoid valve 50 is "closed" when not energized.
[0022]
In addition, a back pressure action space 95 is formed between the plunger 61 and the suction element 93a. In the back pressure action space 95, a closing spring 93 is arranged. A gap (no symbol) is formed between the spaces so that the refrigerant can move.
[0023]
In the state shown in FIG. 5, the switch is in the off state, and the valve body 91 is in the closed state. Therefore, the refrigerant in the valve chamber 96 and the pilot flow path 37 does not flow, the refrigerant pressure in the second back pressure action space 35 is also high, and the second main valve 30 is in the “closed” state.
[0024]
When the switch is turned on with respect to the solenoid valve 50 and the plunger 61 is moved upward, the valve element 91 is separated from the valve seat 92 and is opened, and as a result, the valve chamber 96 and the second outflow passage 38 communicate with each other. The fluid in the chamber 96 flows out from the second outlet 3 via the second outlet channel 38 and the second outlet channel 39. As a result, the refrigerant pressure in the valve chamber 96 decreases.
[0025]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
FIG. 7 is the same drawing as FIG. 6 and shows a state in which the refrigerant flows to the first outlet 2. FIG. 8 is the same drawing as FIG. 5 and shows a state in which the refrigerant flows to the second outlet 3. FIG. 9 is the same drawing as FIG. 6 and shows a state in which the refrigerant flows to the second outlet 3.
In the above configuration, when the pressurized refrigerant is not supplied from the fluid inlet 1, the first valve body 21 is on the first valve seat 22 by the first valve urging member 23 and is “closed”. Similarly, in this state, the second valve element 31 is also on the second valve seat 32 by the action of the second valve urging element 33 and is “closed”.
[0026]
Next, when the pressurized refrigerant is supplied to the fluid inlet 1 and the solenoid valve 50 is off, the second main valve 30 is in a “closed” state as shown in FIGS. .
That is, the refrigerant that has reached the second back pressure action space 35 cannot flow through the pilot passage 37 as it is to the valve chamber 96 and the back pressure action space 95, and as a result, as shown in FIG. The pressurized refrigerant that has reached the second main valve 30 via the first inflow passage 10 reaches the second back pressure action space 35 and loses its place. As a result, the second main valve 30 and the second valve body 31 side The pressure difference is eliminated in the second back pressure action space 35, and the second valve biasing body 33 pushes back the valve. As a result, the second main valve 30 is closed and the flow of the refrigerant from the second outlet 3 is reduced. Absent. Therefore, the second main valve 30 is in a “closed” state.
Then, the refrigerant reaches the first main valve 20 through the second inflow path 11, and the first valve body 21 moves down by the refrigerant pressure to pass through the first communication path 26 a and the first outlet pipe 29. It flows out of the first outlet 2. At this time, the sub-valve 25a of the first valve body 21 is "closed" with respect to the sub-valve seat 22a. In this state, the pressurized refrigerant reaches the first back pressure action space 25b from the first valve chamber 26 through a gap (no reference numeral) between the first valve support 21a and the block. Therefore, the first back pressure action space 25 is filled with the pressurized refrigerant.
[0027]
In this state, the pressure in the second communication passage 36a is low, and the "close" of the sub-valve 25a generates a pressure difference of the refrigerant pressure larger than the spring reaction force of the first urging member 23, and the first valve member 21 Becomes "open". Therefore, the refrigerant from the fluid inlet 1 flows to the first outlet 2 through the first inflow passage 10, the first valve chamber 26, the first communication passage 26a, and the first outlet pipe 29.
[0028]
Conversely, when switching from cooling to heating, the switch is turned on to drive the drive unit 60 of the solenoid valve 50. By this operation, the plunger 61 is moved upward by the magnetic force, and the valve body 91 is opened.
As a result, the refrigerant pressure in the valve chamber 96 decreases, and accordingly, the refrigerant pressure in the second back pressure working space 35 communicating via the pilot flow path 37 also decreases, and the second main valve 30 opens. . When the second main valve 30 is opened, the refrigerant flows from the second communication passage 36a to the second outlet pipe 39 as shown in FIGS. It also acts on the sub-valve 25a through the communication hole 23b, and the pressure difference between the front and rear of the sub-valve 25a that opens the first main valve 20 (the pressure in the first back pressure action space 25 and the pressure in the sub-communication hole 23c). ), The first main valve 20 is pushed back by the first biasing member 23, and the first valve member 21 is closed.
[0029]
Through the above process, the second valve element 31 is opened, and the refrigerant flows from the second outlet 3 through the first inflow path 10, the second valve chamber 36, the second communication path 36a, and the second outlet pipe 39. The refrigerant flows out and the refrigerant flow path is switched. And this means is applied to the system which needs the flow path switching. In the above embodiment, one spring is used as each of the first valve urging member 23 and the second valve urging member 33. However, a plurality of springs are used to change the spring constant, or May be used.
In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the electromagnetic valve 50 is arranged so that its axial direction is parallel to the axial direction of the first valve cylinder 24, and the second outflow passage 38 is connected to the second outlet conduit 39. However, the axial direction of the solenoid valve 50 may be arranged in another direction, for example, parallel to the second outlet pipe 39, and the second outflow path 38 may be connected to the second communication path 36a. .
[0030]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the first valve seat 22, the sub-valve seat 22a, and / or the second valve seat 32 may be formed of a wear-resistant metal material or the like separately from the block body. Further, the first valve body 21, the second valve body 31 and / or the sub-valve 25a may be made of a metal body having wear resistance or a valve body having been subjected to surface treatment having wear resistance, or a resin body for absorbing impact. Or the like.
Further, in the above embodiment, the first valve body 21 and the second valve body 31 are ball-shaped, but may be valve bodies of other shapes.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, simply turning on and off the switch of the solenoid valve, for example, the fluid from the fluid inlet connected to the fluid outlet of the compressor is appropriately cooled and heated. By switching, for example, the flow paths required for both cycles can be easily switched.
[0032]
Further, since the relative positions of the first main valve and the second main valve can be appropriately arranged, the present invention can be applied to various devices. In addition, the three-way valve has a separate structure from the valve portion and the solenoid valve portion, and since these are combined to form the entire device, they can be separated from each other. It can be easily replaced or a member having the same function can be easily used.
Further, since the solenoid valve merely opens and closes one valve chamber, the configuration of the solenoid valve can be simplified. Further, since the first main valve and the second main valve are configured to interlock with each other, the operation is accurate, and the reliability of the function is high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a rear view of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a right side view of the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 5;
7 is the same drawing as FIG. 6 and shows a state in which the refrigerant flows to the first outlet 2. FIG.
8 is the same drawing as FIG. 5 and shows a state in which the refrigerant flows to the second outlet 3.
9 is the same drawing as FIG. 6 and shows a state in which the refrigerant flows to the second outlet 3. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
100 three-way valve 1 fluid inlet 2 first outlet 3 second outlet 4 solenoid valve mounting hole 8 mounting hole 10 first inflow path 11th 2 inflow passage 20 first main valve 21 first valve body 21a first valve support body 22 first valve seat 22a sub valve seat 23 first valve biasing body 23a First elastic body support 23b Main communication hole 23c Sub communication hole 24 First valve cylinder 25 First back pressure action space 25a Sub valve 26 First valve chamber 26a First communication passage 29 First outlet conduit 30 Second main valve 31 Second valve body 31a Second valve support 32 Second valve seat 33 Second valve biasing body 33a second elastic body support 34 second valve cylinder 35 second back pressure action space 36 second valve chamber 36a second communication passage 37 pilot flow path 3 8. Second outlet passage 39 Second outlet conduit 50 Solenoid valve 51 Attachment 52 Lead wire 60 Drive unit 60a Electromagnetic coil 61 Plunger 91 Valve body 92 ..Valve seat 93, closing spring 93a, suction element 95, back pressure action space 96, valve chamber

Claims (4)

A three-way valve, comprising one fluid inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, wherein the fluid flowing from the fluid inlet flows out of one of the first outlet and the second outlet. A second main valve and a first main valve are provided in the flow path to the second main valve, a flow path from the second main valve to the second outlet is branched, and the second main valve is opened and closed by an electromagnetic valve. A three-way valve wherein the opening and closing of the outlet is linked to the opening and closing of the second main valve. The first main valve communicates with a fluid inlet through a second main valve and has a first valve cylinder formed with a first valve seat, and a first valve bias disposed in the first valve cylinder. A first valve body biased toward the first valve seat by the body via the first valve support, a sub-valve mounted on the first valve support on the side opposite to the first valve body, A first back pressure action space in which the fluid pressure of the second outlet acts on the sub-valve;
The second main valve communicates with the fluid inlet and has a second valve seat formed with a second valve seat, and a second valve urging member disposed in the second valve sleeve to move in a second valve seat direction. A second valve body that is urged, a second back pressure working space in which the fluid pressure on the fluid inlet side acts on the second valve body, and a pilot flow path that communicates with the second back pressure working space. ,
3. The three-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the second main valve is opened by reducing a fluid pressure of the pilot flow path by an electromagnetic valve. The second valve seat and the second outlet of the second main valve are communicated with each other through the second outlet line, and a sub-valve seat is provided at a position corresponding to the sub-valve at the lower bottom of the first valve cylinder. The first back pressure working space is communicated with the second outlet pipe via the sub-valve seat, and when the first valve is "open", the sub-valve is "closed" and the second valve is "open". 3. The three-way valve according to claim 2, wherein the sub-valve is opened by the refrigerant pressure from the second outlet line. The solenoid valve includes a driving unit that is driven by turning on and off a switch, and a valve body that is opened and closed by the driving unit.
The fluid flow-in side of the valve body is connected to the pilot flow path, and is connected to a second outlet through a second flow-out path provided on the fluid flow-out side. 3. The three-way valve according to 3.

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