JP2004092390A - Purification device for surface drainage, and greening device using purified drainage - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface drainage purification and greening device that has a sufficient purifying capacity and enables growth of plants only on natural precipitation without special watering by using purified water. <P>SOLUTION: The surface drainage purification and greening device 1 is so constructed that walls 4 are erected on a top slab 3 of an underground headrace 2 to form a channel part 5, water reservoirs 6 and 7 are juxtaposed in the bottom, and a charcoal layer 8 and a soil layer 9 are laid over. Drainage from paved road surfaces 11 is led to a tube 13 that supplies it to the charcoal layer 8. The charcoal layer 8 purifies the drainage, and adsorbs moisture evaporating from the water reservoirs 6 and 7 to supply it to a greening plant 15. Although excess water overflowing the water reservoirs 6 and 7 flows into the underground headrace 2 from holes 14, moisture evaporating from the underground headrace 2 is supplied to the charcoal 8 via the holes 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

The present invention relates to a device for purifying drainage flowing out of a pavement surface during rainfall and a greening device using water purified by the device, and more particularly to a purification device provided on a sidewalk, a median strip, an upper surface of an underground waterway, or the like. The present invention relates to an apparatus and a greening apparatus.

On pavement roads, especially on roads with a high traffic frequency, such as national roads and highway roads, road surface drainage during rainfall includes various substances such as earth and sand, dust, suspended solids in the air, frictional debris from tires and asphalt asphalt, and oil. Wastewater from these road areas has caused water pollution in public waters.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device for purifying road surface drainage, for example, a structure as described in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 has been proposed.
JP-A-11-228080 JP-A-2002-242277

Conventional road drainage purification equipment has a treatment tank that draws road drainage on the side of the road, and puts sand and the like into the tank and uses the filtration and adsorption to remove suspended solids in road drainage. The sediment was removed, and the purified water generated by floating and separating the oil was discharged to a river or the like. Such a conventional device for purifying road surface drainage is a relatively small-sized (several cubic meters or less) basin provided below a planting zone or a sidewalk on a road.

However, the conventional purification device for road surface wastewater was not purified enough because it used purification using mountain sand and the like. In addition, even in the case where the plant is located in the planting zone along the road, the purified water was released without any particular use, and the flowers to be planted depend exclusively on the natural precipitation in that area. The conditions and the type of planting have been considerably limited by the above conditions.

For example, in recent years, the number of cases where various waterways are buried underground and the upper surface thereof is being used has been increasing, but where structures such as underground waterways exist, the surface is soiled. It was impossible to plant trees grown only by natural precipitation because of the limited amount of soil even if covered.

On the other hand, there was a problem with water supply even in the case of flowers that did not require the root depth as much as trees. That is, planting in a median strip or a city block surrounded by a pavement road surface other than the planting band provided on the structure as described above has a limited water supply area, so that relatively little water is supplied. There is a risk that flowers that are needed in large quantities will die with only natural precipitation.

Also, even if there was rain on the road surface or in the block, most of the water flowed through drainage facilities and there was no mechanism to store water for flowers. Further, even when a device for purifying road surface drainage is provided, the purified water has not been supplied to flowers. Therefore, when growing flowers in such an area, irrigation must be performed as needed, and there has been a problem in that the cost required for this and the management complexity are increased.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional road drainage purification apparatus, and has as its object to provide a roadside drainage purification apparatus having a sufficient purification ability. In addition, use purified water when setting up a planting zone along the road. Even when trees are planted in an area with a limited amount of soil, flowers that require a relatively large amount of water can also be used. It is an object of the present invention to provide a greening apparatus in which plants can grow only by natural precipitation without performing special irrigation even when planting in an area where a supply area is limited.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a road surface drainage purification device according to the present invention includes a groove-shaped portion on a side surface of a pavement road surface, on which a material having a porous structure composed of fine pores that are continuous downward is disposed. A drainage inlet for introducing drainage from a pavement road surface or a gutter into the shape part, a soil layer placed on the upper surface of the porous structure material, and purified water flowing down the water purified by the porous structure material. It is characterized by having an outflow part.

The pavement road surface may be on one side of the channel or on both sides. The channel has at least a wall for accommodating a porous material and a soil layer composed of continuous fine pores, and drainage water is drawn into the porous material from this wall. In order to uniformly supply drainage to the above material, a tube having an appropriate hole may be provided on the upper surface of the porous structure material. The bottom may be a surface of excavated soil or a concrete plate.

材料 As the material having a porous structure, for example, porous volcanic rocks such as zeolite (zeolite) and pumice, perlite, vermiculite, porous ceramics, sponge having high water absorption and moisture absorption performance, charcoal, activated carbon, artificial lightweight soil, and the like are applied. These materials having a porous structure can purify wastewater by exerting a filter effect. The material having the porous structure may be laminated as it is, or may be laid in a bag.

In the case of using charcoal, it is desirable to use, for example, regenerated plywood charcoal using a carbonization device without incinerating form plywood or the like as waste material discharged in construction work. The firing temperature during carbonization is preferably about 1300 ° C. In the case of firing at about 700 ° C., the residual concentration of harmful substances such as cadmium and arsenic in charcoal increases, but when the temperature is about 1300 ° C., almost no harmful substances are removed. When the plywood regenerated coal is subdivided, it becomes acicular and the internal specific surface area increases.

The soil layer is made of not only soil in consideration of planting, but also, for example, constructing the ground with antiseptic chips with excellent water permeability for drainage, paving the surface with wood chips, and making the wooden feet soft sidewalks May be.

The outflow portion of the purified water in the apparatus for purifying road surface drainage according to claim 2 is an underground waterway on a lower surface of the channel-shaped portion, and a top plate of the underground waterway is provided with a downflow hole of the purified water. It is characterized by being provided. The water purified by the porous structure material is transferred to the underground waterway from the hole formed in the bottom and flows down. The underground headrace may be provided on the side of the pavement road surface or on the median strip, or may be provided over the entire area of the pavement road surface.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a greening apparatus in which a water reservoir is arranged in parallel on a side surface of a pavement road surface and a bottom surface thereof, and a material having a porous structure composed of continuous fine pores is arranged at a position separated from the water surface of the water reservoir. And a drainage inlet for introducing drainage from a pavement road or a gutter into the channel, a soil layer placed on the upper surface of the porous structure material and planting greening plants, It is characterized by comprising an outflow portion of purified water that overflows from the water reservoir after being purified by a material having a porous structure.

In order to place a porous structure material at a position separated from the water surface of the water reservoir, for example, a spacing material made of a material having a high water-permeability is laid to a height exceeding the upper end of the container, and the upper surface of the spacing material is ventilated. A material having a porous structure is placed with a high performance sheet material interposed therebetween. In this case, the shape and the material of the container are not particularly limited as long as the material and the soil layer having the porous structure can be placed on the upper surface of the spacing member. As the spacing member, for example, a culvert drainage material made of resin, porous concrete, or other perforated solid material can be used.

Further, the water reservoir may be a device in which a net material is placed in parallel with a small container for storing water on the bottom surface, and a material having a porous structure is placed on the upper surface of the net material with a sheet material having a large ventilation performance interposed. Then, a drainage section may be provided on the side of the container on which the perforated lid is placed, and a material having a porous structure may be placed on the lid. In any case, the water surface is separated from the porous structure material so that excess water is prevented from remaining in the porous structure material and the soil layer as much as possible.

材料 The porous structure material purifies wastewater by its filter effect and adsorbs water evaporating from the water reservoir. Due to the difference in relative humidity in each layer from the water reservoir to the surface of the plant to be planted in the soil layer, and the capillary effect of transpired water, water movement occurs, resulting in water supply / fertilization effect on plants or cooling effect on soil. It is.

It is desirable that the soil layer has soil with high water retention capacity and little evaporation of moisture into the atmosphere. Examples of soil with high water retention capacity and low evaporation of water into the atmosphere include, for example, light woody soil mainly made of decayed wood chips, and coarse grains such as coconut shell fiber, peat moss, Akadama soil, artificial lightweight soil, etc. Soil and the like. In the case of light-weight woody soil, the composition is 5% high-temperature calcined coal, 5% medium-temperature calcined coal, 70% decayed wood chips, and 20% such as coconut fiber, perlite, vermiculite, peat moss, Akadama or black clay. In this case, the soil has an improved water retention capacity and allows water to move.

The soil layer has a high water retention capacity and low water evaporation, while the water in the reservoir is consumed only by adsorption of porous materials such as charcoal. Adsorption and release of water are made stepwise, and unnecessary water supply is limited. The water reservoir has enough water to grow the plants, so that it only needs to store natural precipitation and does not require a separate irrigation device. Also, regular watering is not required in normal weather.

The outflow portion of the purified water in the greening device according to claim 4 is an underground waterway on a lower surface of the channel-shaped portion, and a top plate of the underground waterway is provided with a flow of the purified water and an underground waterway. It is characterized in that a hole for supplying evaporating moisture to the material of the porous structure is formed. Purified water overflowing from the reservoir is transferred from the hole to the underground waterway and flows down, while the water vapor in the waterway is adsorbed by the porous structure material through this hole and becomes water for plant growth.

(4) Since the road surface purification device of the present invention uses a material having a porous structure consisting of continuous fine pores, the purification ability is improved. In the apparatus for purifying road surface drainage according to the second aspect, the underground waterway is used as the outflow portion of the purified water, so that the water quality in the waterway can be improved and the upper surface of the structure can be effectively used.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the material for the porous structure and the soil layer are placed on the water reservoir and the greening plant is planted, the purified water can be effectively used. The material of the porous structure purifies the wastewater by its filter effect and also adsorbs the water evaporated from the water reservoir. The water in the water reservoir is consumed only by the adsorption of the porous material, and the adsorption and release of the water is made stepwise, thereby limiting the useless water supply. The water reservoir has enough water to grow the plants, so that it only needs to store natural precipitation and no additional irrigation equipment is required. Also, regular watering is not required in normal weather. Therefore, even when trees are planted in an area with a limited amount of soil near the road, or when flowers and flowers that require relatively much water are planted in an area where the water supply area is limited. Even if it does, it is possible to provide a greening apparatus that allows plants to grow only by natural precipitation without performing special watering.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the underground waterway is used as the outlet of the purified water, it contributes to the improvement of the water quality in the waterway and can utilize the water vapor in the waterway for plant growth.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a road surface purification and greening device. In the apparatus 1 for purifying and greening road surface drainage, walls 4, 4 opposed to the top plate 3 of the underground waterway 2 are erected to form a channel 5. The wall body 4 may be constructed integrally with the underground waterway 2 or may be configured such that an anchor bar or the like (not shown) is embedded in the top plate 3 and separate plate members are connected.

A water reservoir 6 having a perforated lid or a water reservoir 7 for accommodating a gap holding material is arranged in parallel on the bottom surface of the channel portion 5, and a charcoal 8 wrapped in a sheet material having high ventilation performance is placed on the upper surface thereof in a layered manner. I do. As the charcoal 8, it is desirable to use recycled charcoal produced from waste formwork plywood or the like. Recycled plywood coal has a needle-like shape when subdivided and has a high internal specific surface area, so that it has good absorbency and a steam absorption rate of about 10% or more. Therefore, it has a transpiration during the dry season and a moisture absorbing action during the wet season, and has a high water regulation ability by natural respiration. In addition, the soil modification effect and the sewage purification function are large.

土 壌 Form a soil layer 9 on the upper surface of the charcoal layer 8 which has a high water retention capacity and less evaporation of water into the atmosphere. For example, a woody lightweight soil mainly made of decayed wood chips is used, and its surface layer is subjected to, for example, vegetation of ground cover, wood chip pavement, and various mulchings 10.

On the pavement road surfaces 11 on both sides of the channel 5, drainage generated during rainfall or the like is collected in a drainage basin 12 provided on the wall 4, and is guided to a pipe 13 having holes at appropriate locations. Supply to the charcoal layer. The charcoal 8 purifies the wastewater by exerting a filter effect. A hole 14 is formed in the top plate 3 of the underground waterway 2, and surplus water purified by the charcoal 8 and overflowing from the water reservoirs 6 and 7 flows down into the underground waterway 2 from the hole 14.

緑 Plant greening plants 15 in the soil layer 9. The charcoal 8 purifies the wastewater and adsorbs the water evaporated from the water reservoirs 6 and 7 to supply the water to the plant 15 for greening. A hole 14 formed in the top plate 3 supplies the water evaporated from the underground water channel 2 to the charcoal 8. That is, the water in the underground waterway 2 also becomes water for plant growth.

Next, the details of the water reservoir will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a water reservoir having a perforated lid, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a water reservoir accommodating a gap holding material. The water reservoir 6 is made up of a plastic container 16 and a styrofoam lid 18 having a hole 17 formed therein. Excessive moisture is quickly discharged to the outside. The charcoal 8 placed on the upper surface of the lid 18 absorbs atmospheric moisture in the container 16 and supplies it to the plant 15. In the container 16, rainfall penetrating through the soil layer 9 and drainage on the pavement road surface 11 supplied from the pipe 13 are both purified and stored, and the amount of stored water is large enough to grow the plant 15 throughout the year. Use the required amount of water.

On the other hand, the water reservoir 7 has a container 19 and a spacing material 20 made of a resin culvert drainage material. The spacing member 20 is laid to a height exceeding the upper end of the container 19. Since the spacing member 20 is used, the water in the container 19 can be separated from the charcoal 8, and the applicable range of the container 19 can be expanded to an arbitrary one. That is, the fixed water reservoir 6 having the lid 18 is arranged in parallel with the groove portion 5, and the water reservoir 7 for accommodating the gap holding material 20 is inserted into a portion where the water reservoir 6 cannot be accommodated.

Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a road surface drainage purification and greening device according to another embodiment. Members having the same configuration and operation as the members in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals in FIG. 4 and detailed description is omitted. The apparatus 101 for purifying and greening road surface drainage forms the channel portion 5 using the wall 4 and the drainage groove 21 erected from the top plate 3 of the underground waterway 2. In FIG. 4, two groove portions 5 are formed.

In the portion where the planting is not performed in the channel portion 5, a ground is formed by the antiseptic tip 22 having excellent water permeability of the drainage, and the surface thereof is paved with the wood chip 10, so that a soft footpath is provided for the wooden feet. . In this manner, the lower surface of the sidewalk can be used as a purification device, and the planting zone can be provided in parallel with the purification device. In FIG. 4, the apparatus for purifying and draining road surface drainage 101 is provided on the underground waterway 2. However, the present invention can also be applied to a general sidewalk or a median strip having no structure on the lower surface.

This road drainage purification and greening device not only purifies the local greenery by using the purified road surface drainage and purified water such as automobile roads, but also purifies rainwater falling on the area of paved urban blocks. It can also be applied to greening the area.

It is sectional drawing of the purification and greening apparatus of road surface drainage. It is sectional drawing of the water reservoir which has a perforated lid. It is sectional drawing of the water reservoir which accommodates a gap holding material. It is sectional drawing of the purification and greening apparatus of the road surface drainage of another embodiment.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Purification and greening apparatus of road surface drainage 2 Underground waterway 3 Top plate 4 Wall 5 Groove 6 Water reservoir 7 Water reservoir 8 Charcoal layer 9 Soil layer 11 Paved road surface 13 Tube 14 Hole 15 Plant for greening

Claims (4)

A grooved portion on the side of the pavement road surface where a porous structure material consisting of fine pores continuous downward is arranged, and a drainage inlet for introducing drainage of the pavement road surface and the gutter into the grooved portion, An apparatus for purifying road surface drainage, comprising: a soil layer placed on an upper surface of the porous structure material; and an outflow portion of purified water flowing down water purified by the porous structure material. The outflow part of the said purified water is an underground waterway in the lower surface of the said channel-shaped part, The downflow hole of the purified water is drilled in the top plate of this underground waterway. Road drainage purification equipment. A groove on which a water reservoir is arranged on the side surface of a pavement road surface and arranged in parallel with a bottom surface, and a material having a porous structure consisting of continuous fine pores is arranged at a position separated from the water surface of the water reservoir; A drainage inlet for introducing drainage from a pavement road surface or a gutter, a soil layer placed on an upper surface of the porous structure material and planting a greening plant, and purified by the porous structure material. A revegetation device using purified road surface drainage, further comprising an outflow portion of purified water overflowing from the water reservoir. The outflow portion of the purified water is an underground headrace on the lower surface of the channel, and the top plate of the underground headway is provided with a porous plate for flowing down the purified water and evaporating moisture evaporating from the underground waterway. 4. The greening apparatus using purified road surface drainage according to claim 3, wherein a hole for supplying the material of the structure is formed.

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