JP2004089990A - Classification apparatus for condenser element. and classification method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a classification apparatus for condenser elements which can efficiently and simply classify the condenser elements into aluminum foils and insulation paper sheets. <P>SOLUTION: The classification apparatus is provided with a classification vessel 111 into which the crushed material 100 of the element is supplied, a pipe 123 etc. which supplies water 1 to the classification vessel 111, pipes 125, 128 etc. which supply water-insoluble solvent 2 having a specific gravity lighter than water 1 to the classification vessel 111, a stirring blade 114 etc. which stirs the inside of the classification vessel 111, an overflow pipe 115 which allows the base end side to be connected with the classification vessel 111, a dissolution vessel 116 connected with the top end side of the overflow pipe 115, a receptor part 117 which is disposed inside the dissolution vessel 116, a pipe 130 etc. which supplies an alkaline aqueous solution 3 into the dissolution vessel 116, an alkaline solution storing vessel 119 which is openably and closably communicated to the lower side of the inner part of the dissolution vessel 116, a classification liquid storing vessel 120 which is openably and closably communicated to the lower side of the inner part of the classification vessel 111 and the dissolution vessel 116 and a mesh conveyor 122 disposed on the inner part of the classification liquid storing vessel 120. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a separation device and a separation method for separating a capacitor element into an aluminum component and paper.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, production and import of PCB (Polychlorinated biphenyl, a general term for chlorinated isomers of biphenyl) have been prohibited because of their strong toxicity. Although the production of this PCB began in Japan around 1954, the adverse effects on living organisms and the environment became apparent in the wake of the Kanemi Yusho incident, and in 1972 an instruction was issued to stop production and recall (required storage) due to administrative guidance. There was a background.
[0003]
PCB is obtained by substituting 1 to 10 chlorine atoms in the biphenyl skeleton, and there are theoretically 209 types of isomers depending on the number and positions of the substituted chlorine atoms. The body has been identified. In addition, the physical and chemical properties, in vivo stability, and environmental dynamics among the isomers are diverse, and the chemical analysis of PCBs and the manner of environmental pollution are currently complicated. Furthermore, PCB is one of the persistent organic pollutants, and has properties that it is not easily decomposed in the environment, is fat-soluble, has a high bioconcentration rate, is semi-volatile, and can be moved through the atmosphere. In addition, it is reported that it remains widely in the environment such as water and living things.
[0004]
This PCB was designated as a specially managed waste based on the law on waste treatment and cleaning in 1997, and waste PCB, waste oil including PCB, and PCB contaminants were designated in 1997. Furthermore, in 1997, Wood and fiber waste were additionally designated as PCB contaminants.
[0005]
Electrical equipment that can be processed by PCB includes high-voltage transformers, high-voltage capacitors, low-voltage transformers, low-voltage capacitors, pole-mounted transformers, and condensers for fluorescent lamp stabilizers. PCB processing is desired.
[0006]
There is a proposal of a processing method of a PCB-containing capacitor for processing such a high-voltage capacitor and the like (Patent Document 1).
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-179231 A
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the capacitor element is formed by laminating very thin aluminum foils and insulating papers made of different materials, there is a problem that it takes a great deal of time to perform the sorting process.
[0009]
Further, in Patent Document 1, the element which is an element is pulverized and subjected to ultrasonic cleaning treatment. However, since the insulating paper and the aluminum foil constituting the element are different from each other, they are mixed as in Patent Document 1. There is a problem that the processing in the state in which the processing is performed is different from the processing graduation determination for determining whether there is a PCB.
[0010]
Therefore, it is desired to establish a method for efficiently and inexpensively separating the aluminum foil and the insulating paper constituting the capacitor element.
[0011]
Further, since it is necessary to graduate from the PCB residual criterion in the processed members, it is desired to have a processing facility that can adapt to this determination.
[0012]
In addition, since it is necessary to efficiently perform a large amount of processing such as, for example, 2 to 3 tons / day for the processing of the fluorescent lamp ballast, it is important to surely separate the two.
[0013]
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for separating capacitor elements, which can efficiently and easily separate the capacitor elements into aluminum foil and insulating paper.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, a device for separating elements of a capacitor according to the first invention is a device for separating crushed elements constituting a capacitor into aluminum foil and insulating paper, wherein the elements are supplied. A first tank, water supply means for supplying water to the first tank, a solvent supply means for supplying a water-insoluble solvent having a specific gravity lighter than the water to the first tank, Stirring means for stirring the inside of one tank, an overflow pipe having a base end connected to the first tank, a second tank having a tip end connected to the overflow pipe, and an inside of the second tank. A second tank solid-liquid separating means arranged to perform solid-liquid separation, a third tank openably and closably communicated with a lower part of the inside of the first tank, and inside the third tank. And a third liquid-solid separating means for performing a solid-liquid separation is provided.
[0015]
The device for separating elements of a capacitor according to a second invention is the first invention, wherein the water supply means is connected to a pipe that communicates a lower part of the inside of the third tank with the inside of the first tank. And a feeding means provided in the pipe.
[0016]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the solvent supply means may include a middle part in the height direction inside the third tank and the first tank. And a feed means provided in the pipe.
[0017]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, in the third aspect, the solvent supply unit may include a middle part in the height direction inside the third tank and the inside of the first tank. Distillation means is provided in the middle of the pipe for communication.
[0018]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a capacitor element separation device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, further comprising an alkaline aqueous solution supply means for supplying an alkaline aqueous solution into the second tank. It is characterized by having.
[0019]
The device for separating elements of a capacitor according to a sixth invention is characterized in that, in the fifth invention, the device further comprises a fourth tank which is openably and closably communicated with a lower portion inside the second tank, and wherein the third tank is provided. It is characterized in that it is openably and closably communicated with a lower portion inside the second tank.
[0020]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the device for separating an element of a capacitor according to the sixth aspect, wherein the alkaline aqueous solution supply means connects the inside of the third tank with the upper part of the inside of the second tank. And a feeding means provided on the pipe.
[0021]
An apparatus for separating elements of a capacitor according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the solid-liquid separating means for the third tank is provided inside the third tank. It is a mesh conveyor that communicates with the outside.
[0022]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the capacitor separation device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the lower part of the inside of the third tank has a liquid storage chamber and an insulating paper collection chamber. And the upper part of the insulating paper collection chamber is covered with a partition plate having an opening, and the third tank solid-liquid separating means is disposed above the opening of the partition plate, and A dewatering drum communicating with one tank and having a plurality of holes formed in a peripheral surface thereof; an opening / closing means for opening and closing the opening of the partition plate; and a compression means for compressing the inside of the dewatering drum. Features.
[0023]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the ninth aspect, a cutter is disposed below the opening of the partition plate.
[0024]
A device for separating element of a capacitor according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is an apparatus for separating element crushed material constituting a capacitor into aluminum foil and insulating paper, wherein the crushed element crushed material is supplied. Tank, water supply means for supplying water to the first tank, solvent supply means for supplying a non-water-soluble solvent having a specific gravity lighter than the water to the first tank, the first tank Stirring means for stirring the inside, opening / closing means provided at a lower outlet of the first tank for controlling the outflow of water and solvent in the tank, and flow of water and solvent discharged by opening / closing of the opening / closing means. Flow path switching means for switching a path, a third tank for water and a solvent for communicating with the switching flow path for water and the switching flow path for solvent of the flow path switching means, and a third tank for the water And a third tank disposed inside the third tank for solvent to perform solid-liquid separation Characterized in that it comprises a solid-liquid separation means.
[0025]
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the capacitor element sorting apparatus according to the tenth aspect, the flow path switching means is an oscillating flow path switching apparatus.
[0026]
According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for separating a capacitor element using a separator for separating one of the first to twelfth capacitor elements into aluminum foil and insulating paper. In the method, the element crushed material is supplied into the first tank, and then the solvent crushed and then stirred to separate the element crushed material into aluminum foil and insulating paper, and adhere to the separated aluminum foil. Organic halide is removed with a solvent, and then water is supplied to transfer the insulating paper to the water layer side.
[0027]
According to a fourteenth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for separating elements of a capacitor according to the thirteenth aspect, wherein aluminum foil in the separated solvent and insulating paper in water are separated.
[0028]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiments of a device for separating capacitors according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
[0029]
[First embodiment]
A first embodiment of a device for separating components of a capacitor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of the sorting apparatus, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an essential part of FIG.
[0030]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the sorting apparatus according to the present embodiment is an apparatus that separates a crushed element 100 obtained by separately crushing elements constituting a capacitor into an aluminum foil 101 and an insulating paper 102. A separation tank 111 which is a first tank to which the element crushed material 100 is supplied, a water supply means 150 for supplying water to the separation tank 111, and a water-insoluble solvent 2 having a specific gravity lighter than the water 1 , A stirring means 153 for stirring the inside of the separation tank 111, an overflow pipe 115 whose base end is connected to the separation tank 111, and a tip of the overflow pipe 115. A dissolving tank 116 which is a second tank connected on the side, a receiving case 117 which is disposed inside the dissolving tank 116 and is a solid-liquid separation means for a second tank for performing solid-liquid separation, and the separation tank Of 111 A separating liquid storage tank 120 which is a third tank openably and closably communicated with the lower part of the tank, and a third tank solid-liquid separating means disposed inside the separating liquid storage tank 120 for performing solid-liquid separation. And a mesh conveyor 122. Thus, the crushed element 100 constituting the capacitor separately crushed by the crushing means is efficiently and simply separated into the aluminum foil 101 and the insulating paper 102.
[0031]
Hereinafter, the device configuration of the present embodiment will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a stirring blade 114 which is rotated via a drive shaft 113 by a drive motor 112 constituting a stirring means 153 is provided in a separation tank 111 which is a first tank. I have. A base end side of the overflow pipe 115 having a check valve 115a in the middle is inclinedly inserted into a side of the separation tank 111 so that a front end side is located lower than the base end side. The tip side of the overflow pipe 115 is connected to the upper part of the dissolving tank 116 which is the second tank. Inside the dissolving tank 116, there is provided a metal net receiving case 117 which is a second solid-liquid separating means for the tank. In the lower part of the dissolving tank 116, an alkaline liquid storage tank 119, which is a fourth tank for storing an alkaline aqueous solution 3 such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and a specific gravity smaller than water such as water 1 and an aliphatic hydrocarbon. And a separation liquid storage tank 120, which is a third tank for storing a non-water-soluble solvent (for example, NS-100 (trade name)) 2, is openably and closably connected via a three-way valve 118.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 1, a lower part of the separation tank 111 is openably and closably connected to an upper part of the separation liquid storage tank 120 via a valve 121. Above the inside of the separation liquid storage tank 120, a mesh conveyor 122, which is a third tank solid-liquid separation unit that connects the inside and the outside of the separation liquid storage tank 120, is provided. The lower part of the separation liquid storage tank 120 is connected to a lower portion inside the separation tank 111 via a pipe 123 having a feed pump 124 as a feeding means. One end side of a pipe 125 provided with a feed pump 126 as a feeding means is connected to a middle part in the height direction of the inside of the separated liquid storage tank 120. The other end of the pipe 125 is connected to a receiving port of a distillation device 127 that is a distillation unit. The fraction sending port of the distillation apparatus 127 is connected to the upper part inside the separation tank 111 via a pipe 128 provided with a feeding pump 129 as feeding means.
[0033]
Further, one end side of a pipe 130 provided with a feed pump 131 as a feeding means is connected to a middle portion in the height direction of the inside of the alkaline liquid storage tank 119. The other end of the pipe 130 is connected to a shower nozzle 132 disposed above the inside of the melting tank 116.
[0034]
In the present embodiment, the stirring means 153 is constituted by the drive motor 112, the drive shaft 113, the stirring blade 114, etc., and the water supply means 150 is constituted by the pipe 123, the feed pump 124, etc., and the pipes 125, 128, The supply pumps 126 and 129, the distillation apparatus 127 and the like constitute a solvent supply means 151, and the piping 130, the supply pump 131, the shower nozzle 132 and the like constitute an alkaline aqueous solution supply means 154.
[0035]
Next, a method for separating the elements of the capacitor using such a separating apparatus will be described.
[0036]
First, when the element crushed material 100 of the capacitor crushed to a predetermined size (about 5 mm square) is put into the separation tank 111 to which the solvent 2 is supplied, the drive motor 112 is operated to drive the drive shaft 113. When the solvent 2 is stirred by rotating the stirring blade 114 through the intermediary, the PCB oil adhering to the crushed element 100 is dissolved in the solvent 2, and the crushed element 100 is separated into the aluminum foil 101 and the insulating paper 102. Become like
[0037]
When the element crushed material 100 is separated into the aluminum foil 101 and the insulating paper 102 by stirring in the solvent 2, the feed pump 124 is operated to disperse the water 1 in the separation liquid storage tank 120 into the separation tank 111. The water is supplied through the pipe 123 to a sufficient extent. Subsequently, the stirring blade 114 is rotated to mix and stir the aluminum foil 101 and the insulating paper 102 together with the solvent 2 and water 1, and then the operation of the drive motor 112 is stopped to stop the rotation of the stirring blade 114. By this stop, the water 1 and the solvent 2 are allowed to stand still, and while the water 1 and the insulating paper 102 are located on the lower layer side of the separation tank 111, the solvent 2 is located on the upper layer side, and the interface between the water 1 and the solvent 2 is located. The aluminum foil 101 is located at the portion.
[0038]
Next, the three-way valve 118 is switched so that the dissolving tank 116 communicates with the separation liquid storage tank 120, and the feed pump 124 is operated to separate the water 1 in the separation liquid storage tank 120 into the separation tank. When the solvent 2 and the aluminum foil 101 in the separation tank 111 are further supplied into the separation tank 111, the solvent 2 and the aluminum foil 101 rise and are supplied into the dissolution tank 116 through the overflow pipe 115. The solvent 2 passes through the receiving case 117 and is fed into the separated liquid storage tank 120 via the three-way valve 118, and the aluminum foil 101 is received by the receiving case 117 and held in the dissolving tank 116. .
[0039]
When the solvent 2 and the aluminum foil 101 have overflowed from the separation tank 111 into the dissolution tank 116 in this manner, the operation of the feed pump 124 is stopped, and the supply of the water 1 into the separation tank 111 is stopped. On the other hand, the three-way valve 118 is switched so that the dissolving tank 116 communicates with the alkaline liquid storage tank 119, and the feed pump 131 is operated to connect the alkaline aqueous solution 3 in the alkaline storage tank 119 to the pipe 130. When sprayed from the shower nozzle 132 into the dissolution tank 116 via the shower nozzle 132, the aluminum foil 101 held in the receiving case 117 dissolves in the alkaline aqueous solution 3 by reacting with the alkaline aqueous solution 3 and the following formula (1). It flows out of the casing 117 and is collected in the alkaline liquid storage tank 119. At this time, the heat generated by the reaction of the following formula (1) further causes a reaction of the following formula (2), and a precipitate 4 of an aluminum component is generated in the alkaline liquid storage tank 119.
[0040]
NaOH (+ H ₂ O) + Al → NaAl (OH) + H ₂ ↑ (1)
NaAl (OH) + ΔH → NaOH + Al (OH) ₃ ↓ + AlO (OH) ↓ (2)
[0041]
The precipitate 4 is solid-liquid separated from the alkaline aqueous solution 3, and is disposed after being subjected to a washing treatment or the like. The hydrogen gas 5 generated in the reaction (1) is collected from above the dissolving tank 116 and is separately processed.
[0042]
The water 1 and the insulating paper 102 from which the solvent 2 and the aluminum foil 101 have been separated in the separation tank 111 are fed into the separation liquid storage tank 120 by opening the valve 121. The water 1 passes through the mesh conveyor 122 and is stored in the separation liquid storage tank 120, and the insulating paper 102 is received by the mesh conveyor 122 and is carried out of the separation liquid storage tank 120 to the outside to perform the cleaning process. Alternatively, the slurry is made into a slurry, and the PCB is completely decomposed and disposed by, for example, a hydrothermal oxidative decomposition apparatus.
[0043]
The solvent 2 recovered in the fractionated liquid storage tank 120 is fed to the distillation apparatus 127 via the pipe 125 by the operation of the feed pump 126 and purified by distillation, and then passed through the pipe 128 and the feed pump 129. Is again fed into the separation tank 111 and reused. The residue (PCB content) generated in the distillation apparatus 127 is separately rendered harmless by a dechlorination reaction or the like.
[0044]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the crushed element 100 of the capacitor can be efficiently and simply separated into the aluminum foil 101 and the insulating paper 102.
[0045]
As described above, according to the device of the present embodiment, the aluminum foil and the insulating paper constituting the capacitor element can be efficiently and inexpensively separated, and the treated aluminum foil and the insulating paper are respectively Can be processed according to the above, so that each of them can graduate from the PCB residual standard.
[0046]
[Second embodiment]
A second embodiment of the device for separating elements of a capacitor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged enlarged view of a main part of the sorting apparatus. However, for the same parts as those in the first embodiment described above, the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first embodiment described above are used, so that the first embodiment described above is used. A description that is the same as that of the embodiment will be omitted.
[0047]
As shown in FIG. 3, the lower part of the inside of the separation liquid storage tank 140 is partitioned into a liquid storage chamber 140a and an insulating paper collection chamber 140b. The upper part of the insulating paper collection chamber 140b is covered with a partition plate 141 having an opening 141a. On the upper surface of the partition plate 141, an inclined groove 141b is formed so as to be lower toward the liquid storage chamber 140a. At the opening 141a of the partition plate 141 of the insulating paper collection chamber 140b, a cutter 142 having a blade surface facing upward is provided. Above the opening 141a of the partition plate 141, a dehydrating drum 143 having a plurality of holes 143a formed on its peripheral surface is provided so as to stand coaxially. On the upper surface of the partition plate 141, a cover plate 144 is provided slidably movable between an opening 141a of the partition plate 141 and the dehydrating drum 143. The cover plate 144 is provided with a drive cylinder 145. The opening and closing of the space between the dewatering drum 143 and the opening 141a of the partition plate 141 can be performed by the operation of.
[0048]
On the upper part of the dewatering drum 143, a connecting cylinder 146 is erected coaxially. An air cylinder 147 with the tip of the rod 147a directed downward is attached to the upper part of the connecting cylinder 146. A plunger 148 is attached to the tip of a rod 147a of the air cylinder 147. By expanding and contracting the rod 147a of the air cylinder 147, the plunger 148 can reciprocate along the dehydrating drum 143 and the connecting cylinder 146. It has become. The lower side of the separation tank 111 communicates with the side of the connection cylinder 146 via the valve 121.
[0049]
In the present embodiment, the lid 144, the drive cylinder 145, and the like constitute opening / closing means, and the air cylinder 147, the plunger 148, and the like constitute compression means, and the dehydrating drum 143, the connecting cylinder 146, the opening / closing means, The third tank solid-liquid separation means is constituted by the compression means and the like.
[0050]
In the present embodiment, the drive cylinder 145 is operated so that the space between the opening 141a of the partition plate 141 and the dehydration drum 143 is shielded between the dehydration drum 143 and the opening 141a of the partition plate 141. On the other hand, the cover plate 144 is advanced, and the rod 147a is contracted so that the plunger 148 of the air cylinder 147 is positioned upward. Then, similarly to the case of the first embodiment described above, the element crushed material 100 is separated into the aluminum foil 101 and the insulating paper 102 by the solvent 2 and the water 1 in the separation tank 111, and When the valve 121 is opened after the solvent 2 and the aluminum foil 101 are fed into the dissolution tank 116, the water 1 and the insulating paper 102 in the separation tank 111 are separated from the connecting cylinder 146 in the separation liquid storage tank 140. The water 1 is supplied into the dehydration drum 143 via the, and flows out of the hole 143a of the dehydration drum 143 and flows into the liquid storage chamber 140a.
[0051]
Subsequently, when the rod 147a of the air cylinder 147 is extended and the plunger 148 is lowered, the insulating paper 102 in the dewatering drum 143 is squeezed, and the water 1 impregnated in the insulating paper 102 is squeezed out and dewatered. The liquid flows out of the hole 143a of the drum 143 into the liquid storage chamber 140a.
[0052]
Next, while the downward thrust of the air cylinder 147 is being relaxed, the drive cylinder 145 is operated, and the opening 141a of the partition plate 141 and the opening 141a of the partition plate 141 are dehydrated so as to open between the dehydrating drum 143 and the opening 141a of the partition plate 141. After retracting the lid plate 144 with respect to the drum 143, the rod 147a of the air cylinder 147 is extended to further lower the plunger 148, and the compressed insulating paper 102 is compressed by the opening 141a of the partition plate 141. And is crushed by the cutter 142 and dropped and collected in the insulating paper collection chamber 140b.
[0053]
The insulating paper 102 dropped and collected in the insulating paper collection chamber 140b is carried out of the separation liquid storage tank 140 by a conveyor or the like, and is disposed after being subjected to a cleaning process or the like. The water 1 and the solvent 2 collected in the liquid storage chamber 140a of the separated liquid storage tank 140 are reused in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
[0054]
That is, in the first embodiment described above, the separated insulating paper 102 is carried out of the system as it is. In the present embodiment, the separated insulating paper 102 is squeezed and then carried out of the system. I did it.
[0055]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment described above, it is possible to efficiently and easily separate the crushed element 100 of the capacitor into the aluminum foil 101 and the insulating paper 102. In addition, the post-processing of the separated insulating paper 102 can be facilitated.
[0056]
[Third embodiment]
In the above-described first and second embodiments, the separated aluminum foil 101 is dissolved in the alkaline aqueous solution 3, but the separated aluminum foil 101 is not dissolved in the alkaline aqueous solution 3 but solid-liquid separated as it is. It is possible to do just that.
[0057]
Specifically, instead of the dissolving tank 116, the receiving case 117, the three-way valve 118, the alkaline liquid storage tank 119, the pipe 130, the feed pump 131, the shower nozzle 132, and the like, for example, as shown in FIG. The distal end side of the pipe 115 is connected to the upper part of the solid-liquid separation tank 133 which is the second tank, and the second part which connects the inside and the outside of the solid-liquid separation tank 133 above the inside of the solid-liquid separation tank 133. By disposing a mesh conveyor 134 as a solid-liquid separation means for the tank and connecting the lower part of the solid-liquid separation tank 133 to the separated liquid storage tanks 120 and 140, the solid-liquid separation tank 113 is moved from the overflow pipe 115 into the solid-liquid separation tank 113. The solvent 2 and the aluminum foil 101 are allowed to flow, and the aluminum foil 101 is received by the mesh conveyor 134 and collected outside the solid-liquid separation tank 133. Is dropped from the A 134 was collected solid-liquid separation tank 133, it may be back to the separation fluid reservoir 120.
[0058]
[Fourth embodiment]
A fourth embodiment of the device for separating capacitors according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the above-described embodiment, the solvent 2 is separated using the overflow pipe 115. In this embodiment, however, the water 1 and the solvent 2 are all separately drawn from below the separation tank. It is. The same members as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. FIG. 5 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of the sorting apparatus, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are enlarged views of the main parts of FIG.
[0059]
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the sorting apparatus according to the present embodiment is a device that separates a crushed element 100 constituting a capacitor into an aluminum foil 101 and an insulating paper 102. A separation tank 211 that is a first tank to which the product 100 is supplied, a water supply unit 150 that supplies water to the separation tank 211, and a non-water-soluble solvent having a specific gravity lighter than the water is supplied to the separation tank 211. A solvent supply means 151 for supplying, a stirring means 153 for stirring the inside of the separation tank 211, and an opening / closing valve 260 provided at a lower outlet of the separation tank 211 for controlling the outflow of water 1 and the solvent 2 in the separation tank 211. And a flow switching means 261 for switching the flow path of the water 1 and the solvent 2 discharged by opening and closing the on-off valve 260, and a second flow communicating with the switching flow paths 262-1 and 262-2 of the flow switching means 261 respectively. Of the separated liquid storage tank 220-1 for water and the separated liquid storage tank 220-2 for solvent, and the separated liquid storage tank 220-1 for water and the separated liquid storage tank 220-2 for solvent It is provided with mesh conveyors 202-1 and 202-2 which are disposed inside and perform solid-liquid separation.
[0060]
The on-off valve 260 has a flexible valve body 260a as shown in FIG. 6 and a pressing member for pressing the flexible valve body 260a in order to control the outflow of the solution containing the aluminum foil 101 and the insulating paper 102. The pressing member 260b is opened and closed by pressing or releasing the pressing of the pressing member 260b with a fluid such as gas or liquid. Thereby, for example, biting into the on-off valve body 260a is eliminated.
[0061]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the flow path switching means 261 is provided in the switching section main body 261a, and is a swing type inverted rain gutter flow path 261b for switching the discharge direction of the flow path. It is composed of a switching drive section 261c for switching the flow path 261b, and a control means (not shown) for controlling the switching operation. The water 1 containing the insulating paper 102 recovered from the separation tank 211 and the aluminum foil 102 The flow path with the contained solvent 2 is switched.
[0062]
Next, a method for separating the elements of the capacitor using such a separating apparatus will be described.
[0063]
(1) First, the element crushed product 100 of the crushed capacitor is put into the separation tank 111.
(2) Stir with the solvent 2 to separate the aluminum foil 101 and the insulating paper 102 in the solvent 2.
(3) Thereafter, a predetermined amount of water 1 is supplied by the water supply means 150, and stirring is performed by the stirring means 153. By this stirring, the aluminum foil 101 floats on the boundary region between the water 1 and the solvent 2, and the insulating paper 102 sinks to the lower layer side of the water 1.
The above process is called a primary separation operation.
(4) When the primary separation operation is completed, the water 1 containing the insulating paper 102 is collected in the separation liquid storage tank 220-1 for water by operating the on-off valve 260 provided at the lower end of the separation tank 211. Prior to this collection, the flow path switching means 261 switches the flow path to the separated liquid storage tank 220-1 for water.
(5) Close the on-off valve 260 and inject the water 1 from the water supply means 150 into the separation tank 211. Then, the above-described operations (1) to (3) are performed to separate the insulating paper 102 which has been lost in the aluminum foil 101 from the aluminum foil. By this operation, the aluminum foil 101 from which the insulating paper 102 has been separated floats on the boundary region between the water 1 and the solvent 2, and one of the separated insulating papers 102 sinks below the water 1.
The above process is called a secondary separation operation.
(6) The same operation as the above-described operation (4) is performed, and the insulating paper 102 and the water 1 are collected in the separated liquid storage tank 220-1 for water.
(7) Next, the flow path switching means 261 is switched to switch to the flow path to the separated liquid storage tank 220-2 for aluminum. The on-off valve 260 is opened and closed to collect the aluminum foil 101 and the solvent 2 in the aluminum separation liquid storage tank 220-2.
[0064]
By performing such an operation, the incorporation of insulating paper into the aluminum foil can be significantly reduced as compared with the above-described first to third embodiments.
[0065]
The recovered insulating paper 102 can be slurried by a slurrying means separately and treated by a PCB detoxifying means such as a hydrothermal oxidative decomposition treatment apparatus to be detoxified.
[0066]
On the other hand, the aluminum foil 101 can be rendered harmless by vaporizing and removing the PCB by, for example, vacuum heating and drying means.
[0067]
In the case where aluminum is subjected to alkali dissolution treatment, the dissolution treatment may be performed using the dissolution tank 116 using the alkali liquid used in the first embodiment.
[0068]
As described above, in the present embodiment, when the mixed solution of water 1 and solvent 2 is stirred to separate aluminum foil 101 and insulating paper 102, insulating paper 102 scattered in aluminum foil 101 is efficiently removed. Since they can be separated, the separation efficiency of both can be improved.
In the case where the ratio of the insulating paper 102 mixed into the aluminum foil 101 is still large even in the secondary separation operation, the separation efficiency is greatly improved by repeating the secondary separation operation a plurality of times.
[0069]
In particular, in the case of large-scale processing in which fluorescent lamp stabilizers, condensers, and the like are processed from one ton to several tons per day, the insulating paper is entangled with the aluminum foil. The method is efficient.
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
A device for separating elements of a capacitor according to a first invention is an apparatus for separating crushed elements constituting a capacitor into aluminum foil and insulating paper, wherein a first tank to which the elements are supplied, Water supply means for supplying water to one tank, solvent supply means for supplying a water-insoluble solvent having a specific gravity lighter than the water to the first tank, and stirring means for stirring the inside of the first tank And an overflow pipe having a base end connected to the first tank, a second tank connected to a tip end of the overflow pipe, and a solid-liquid separation disposed inside the second tank. A second tank solid-liquid separating means to be performed, a third tank openably and closably communicated with a lower part of the inside of the first tank, and a solid-liquid separation disposed inside the third tank to perform solid-liquid separation. Since it is equipped with a third solid-liquid separating means for the tank, the element of the capacitor is made of aluminum foil and insulating paper. It is possible to efficiently and easily sorting process to.
[0071]
The device for separating elements of a capacitor according to a second invention is the first invention, wherein the water supply means is connected to a pipe that communicates a lower part of the inside of the third tank with the inside of the first tank. And the feeding means provided in the pipe, so that the used water can be reused.
[0072]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the solvent supply means may include a middle part in the height direction inside the third tank and the first tank. And a feeding means provided in the pipe, so that the used solvent can be reused.
[0073]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, in the third aspect, the solvent supply unit may include a middle part in the height direction inside the third tank and the inside of the first tank. Since the distillation means is provided in the middle of the connecting pipe, impurities can be removed from the used solvent and reused.
[0074]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a capacitor element separation device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, further comprising an alkaline aqueous solution supply means for supplying an alkaline aqueous solution into the second tank. Therefore, the separated aluminum foil can be dissolved in the alkaline aqueous solution, and the aluminum component can be more reliably separated.
[0075]
The device for separating elements of a capacitor according to a sixth invention is characterized in that, in the fifth invention, the device further comprises a fourth tank which is openably and closably communicated with a lower portion inside the second tank, and wherein the third tank is provided. Since it is openably and closably communicated with the lower part inside the second tank, the solvent and the alkaline aqueous solution can be separated and collected.
[0076]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the device for separating an element of a capacitor according to the sixth aspect, wherein the alkaline aqueous solution supply means connects the inside of the third tank with the upper part of the inside of the second tank. And a feeding means provided in the pipe, so that the recovered alkaline aqueous solution can be reused.
[0077]
An apparatus for separating elements of a capacitor according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the solid-liquid separating means for the third tank is provided inside the third tank. Since the mesh conveyor communicates with the outside, water and insulating paper can be easily separated.
[0078]
The device for separating elements of a capacitor according to a ninth invention is the device according to any one of the first to seventh inventions, wherein the lower part of the inside of the third tank has a liquid storage chamber and an insulating paper collection chamber. And the upper part of the insulating paper collection chamber is covered with a partition plate having an opening, and the third tank solid-liquid separating means is disposed above the opening of the partition plate, and A dewatering drum communicating with one tank and having a plurality of holes formed in the peripheral surface, an opening / closing means for opening and closing the opening of the partition plate, and a compression means for compressing the inside of the dewatering drum are provided. Water and insulating paper can be easily separated, and post-processing of the separated insulating paper can be facilitated.
[0079]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the ninth aspect, the cutter is disposed below the opening of the partition plate, so that the compressed insulating paper can be crushed. Post-processing of the paper can be further facilitated.
[0080]
A device for separating element of a capacitor according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is an apparatus for separating element crushed material constituting a capacitor into aluminum foil and insulating paper, wherein the crushed element crushed material is supplied. Tank, water supply means for supplying water to the first tank, solvent supply means for supplying a non-water-soluble solvent having a specific gravity lighter than the water to the first tank, the first tank Stirring means for stirring the inside, opening / closing means provided at a lower outlet of the first tank for controlling the outflow of water and solvent in the tank, and flow of water and solvent discharged by opening / closing of the opening / closing means. Flow path switching means for switching a path, a third tank for water and a solvent for communicating with the switching flow path for water and the switching flow path for solvent of the flow path switching means, and a third tank for the water And a third tank disposed inside the third tank for solvent to perform solid-liquid separation Since a solid-liquid separation means, it is possible to improve the separation efficiency of the insulating paper and aluminum foil.
[0081]
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the device for separating a capacitor element according to the tenth aspect, since the flow path switching means is an oscillating flow path switching apparatus, the flow paths can be efficiently switched. .
[0082]
According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for separating a capacitor element using a separator for separating one of the first to twelfth capacitor elements into aluminum foil and insulating paper. In the method, the element crushed material is supplied into the first tank, and then the solvent crushed and then stirred to separate the element crushed material into aluminum foil and insulating paper, and adhere to the separated aluminum foil. The organic halide is removed with a solvent, and then water is supplied to transfer the insulating paper to the water layer side, so that the PCB can be removed from the aluminum foil at the time of separation.
[0083]
According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the thirteenth aspect, the aluminum foil in the separated solvent and the insulating paper in water are separated from each other. Complete detoxification treatment can be performed by an individual treatment method according to the residual standard of aluminum foil and aluminum foil.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a device for separating elements of a capacitor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part extracted from FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an extracted enlarged view of a main part of the second embodiment of the device for separating elements of a capacitor according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an extracted enlarged view of a main part of a third embodiment of the device for separating capacitors according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment of a device for separating capacitors according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a main part extracted from FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of an essential part of FIG. 5;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 water
2 Solvent
3 Alkaline aqueous solution
4 sediment
5 Hydrogen gas
100 elements
101 aluminum foil
102 insulating paper
111 Separation tank
112 drive motor
113 drive shaft
114 stirring blade
115 overflow pipe
115a check valve
116 melting tank
117 Enclosure
118 Three-way valve
119 Alkaline liquid storage tank
120 Separation liquid storage tank
121 valve
122 mesh conveyor
123, 125, 128, 130 piping
124, 126, 129, 131 Feed pump
127 Distillation equipment
132 shower nozzle
133 Solid-liquid separation tank
134 mesh conveyor
140 Separation liquid storage tank
140a Storage chamber
140b Insulating paper collection room
141 Divider
141a opening
141b Inclined groove
142 cutter
143 Dehydration drum
143a hole
144 lid plate
145 drive cylinder
146 connecting tube
147 Air cylinder
147a rod
148 plunger
211 Separation tank
260 On-off valve
261 Channel switching means
262-1, 262-2 Switching flow path
220-1 Separation liquid storage tank for water
220-2 Separation liquid storage tank for solvent

Claims (14)

A device for separating the crushed element constituting the capacitor into aluminum foil and insulating paper,
A first tank to which the element is supplied,
Water supply means for supplying water to the first tank,
Solvent supply means for supplying a water-insoluble solvent having a specific gravity lighter than the water to the first tank,
Stirring means for stirring the inside of the first tank,
An overflow pipe whose base end is connected to the first tank,
A second tank to which the tip side of the overflow pipe is connected,
A second tank solid-liquid separation means disposed inside the second tank to perform solid-liquid separation,
A third tank that is openably and closably communicated with a lower part of the inside of the first tank,
A separator for solid-liquid separation for a tank, which is disposed inside the third tank and performs solid-liquid separation. In claim 1,
The water supply means,
Piping connecting the inside of the third tank and the inside of the first tank,
And a feeding means provided in the pipe. In claim 1 or claim 2,
The solvent supply means,
A pipe communicating between the middle of the height direction inside the third tank and the inside of the first tank,
And a feeding means provided in the pipe. In claim 3,
The solvent supply means,
An apparatus for separating elements of a capacitor, further comprising a distillation means in the middle of the pipe connecting the middle of the inside of the third tank in the height direction and the inside of the first tank. In any one of claims 1 to 4,
An apparatus for separating an element of a capacitor, comprising: an alkaline aqueous solution supply means for supplying an alkaline aqueous solution into the second tank. In claim 5,
With a fourth tank that is openably and closably communicated with the lower part inside the second tank,
An apparatus for separating elements of a capacitor, wherein the third tank is openably and closably communicated with a lower portion inside the second tank. In claim 6,
The alkaline aqueous solution supply means,
A pipe communicating between the inside of the third tank and the inside of the second tank,
And a feeding means provided in the pipe. In any one of claims 1 to 7,
The third tank solid-liquid separation means,
A device for separating elements of a capacitor, which is a mesh conveyor for communicating the inside and the outside of the third tank. In any one of claims 1 to 7,
The lower part of the inside of the third tank is partitioned into a liquid storage chamber and an insulating paper collection chamber, and the upper part of the insulating paper collection chamber is covered with a partition plate having an opening.
The third tank solid-liquid separation means,
A dehydration drum arranged above the opening of the partition plate and communicating with the first tank and having a plurality of holes formed in a peripheral surface thereof;
Opening and closing means for opening and closing the opening of the partition plate,
Compression means for compressing the inside of the dewatering drum. In claim 9,
A device for separating elements of a capacitor, wherein a cutter is provided below the opening of the partition plate. A device for separating the crushed element constituting the capacitor into aluminum foil and insulating paper,
A first tank to which the crushed element crushed material is supplied,
Water supply means for supplying water to the first tank,
Solvent supply means for supplying a water-insoluble solvent having a specific gravity lighter than the water to the first tank,
Stirring means for stirring the inside of the first tank,
Opening / closing means provided at the lower outlet of the first tank to control the outflow of water and solvent in the tank,
Flow path switching means for switching the flow path of water and solvent discharged by opening and closing the opening and closing means,
A third tank for water and a solvent respectively communicating with the switching flow path for water and the switching flow path for solvent of the flow path switching means, and a third tank for water and a third tank for solvent. And a third solid-liquid separating means for a tank disposed inside to perform solid-liquid separation. In claim 11,
The said flow-path switching means is an oscillating flow-path switching device, The separation apparatus of the element of the capacitor | condenser characterized by the above-mentioned. A method of separating element crushed materials constituting a capacitor into aluminum foil and insulating paper using the capacitor element separation device according to claim 1,
The element crushed material is supplied into the first tank, and then the solvent is added and stirred to separate the element crushed material into aluminum foil and insulating paper, and the organic halide adhering to the separated aluminum foil is dissolved in the solvent. And then supplying water to transfer the insulating paper to the water layer side. In claim 13,
A method for separating elements of a capacitor, comprising separating aluminum foil in a separated solvent from insulating paper in water.

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