JP2004084384A - Eccentric multiaxial boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an eccentric multiaxial boring machine capable of reducing load applied to a cutter driveshaft and the contact part of a bearing supporting it during cutter drilling. <P>SOLUTION: The eccentric multiaxial boring machine comprises a plurality of sets of a rotating shaft 11 driven for rotation, a cutter driveshaft 15 disposed in an eccentric position on the rotating shaft 11 to drive a cutter frame 8, a rotor 12 having a cutter driveshaft hole 12a, and a driveshaft case 6 having a cutter driveshaft hole 6a and provided on a cutter frame 8. One end of the cutter driveshaft 15 is inserted into the cutter driveshaft hole 12a and swingably supported. A spherical bearing 20 is provided at the cutter driveshaft hole 6a. With the other end of the cutter driveshaft 15 inserted in the cutter driveshaft hole 6a, a clearance that permits the swing of the cutter driveshaft 15 is created between the other end and the spherical bearing 20. The other end assuming a swinging attitude can be supported by the spherical bearing 20 making linear contact therewith. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an eccentric multi-axial excavator that excavates an underground pit such as a horizontal shaft or a vertical shaft by causing a hulling-like excavation motion in a cutter frame to which a number of cutter bits are attached.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In an excavator such as a shield excavator, a cutter frame as a cutter bit mounting member such as a cut-spoke or a face plate is usually installed on an excavator body so that the cutter driving device can rotate the cutter frame, and a large number of cutter bits are mounted on the cutter frame. Are attached to form a cutter, and the ground is concentrically cut with these many cutter bits so that a hole having a circular cross section is excavated. Such an excavator that excavates an underground pit by rotating a cutter frame can only excavate an underground pit with a circular cross section or an underground pit based on a circular cross section. It is not possible to excavate underground tunnels with irregular cross-sections such as oval and oval. In addition, since a large number of cutter bits attached to the cutter frame have a large amount of cutting per rotation of the cutter on the outer peripheral side as compared with the inner peripheral side and are more likely to be worn, there is also a problem that the wear proceeds unevenly.
[0003]
In response to such a problem, a cutter frame whose contour is similar to the cross-sectional shape of the underground mine to be excavated and is formed so as to be slightly smaller than the cross-sectional shape, and a plurality of cutter drives for generating a hulling motion in this cutter frame. An eccentric multi-shaft excavator that is capable of excavating an underground pit having a desired cross-sectional shape by installing a motion mechanism having a shaft and generating a hulling motion on a cutter frame by this motion mechanism has recently been put to practical use. I have. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-8776 can be cited as a patent document which discloses this type of eccentric multi-shaft excavator. The present invention seeks to improve such an eccentric multi-shaft excavator so that it is less likely to be damaged.
[0004]
Therefore, in order to facilitate understanding of the improvements of the present invention, an eccentric multi-shaft excavator that is currently in practical use is positioned as a conventional technology, and the technical contents thereof will be outlined with reference to FIGS.
[0005]
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an entire image of a conventional eccentric multi-axial excavator, FIG. 4 is a front view of the eccentric multi-axial excavator of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is an eccentric multi-axial excavator of FIG. FIG. 6 is a rear view of the cutter driving unit of the machine, FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 3 in which the trajectory of the cutter frame is also driven, and FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. FIGS. 8A and 8B are enlarged cross-sectional views conceptually showing the vicinity of a cutter drive shaft bearing in a conventional eccentric multi-shaft excavator. FIG. 8A is a diagram when the cutter drive shaft is in a neutral state. () Is a diagram when the cutter drive shaft is in an inclined state. These figures show examples in which a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator is embodied as a shield machine.
[0006]
In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a shield body forming the body of the shield machine, 1a denotes a hood forming a front end of the shield body 1 and defining a chamber, 1b denotes a skin plate forming a main part of the shield body, and 2 denotes a skin plate 1b. Bulkhead as a bulkhead that blocks the inside from the outside of the machine, 3 is a screw conveyor as an earth removal device that transports excavated earth and sand in the chamber C into the skin plate 1b, and 4 is a plurality installed in the circumferential direction inside the skin plate 1b. This is a shield jack for propelling the shield main body 1 while taking a reaction force in the existing segment S. The structure of these devices and members is basically the same as the structure provided in a normal shield machine.
[0007]
Reference numeral 5 denotes a rotating body case in which a rotating body 10 described later (see FIG. 5) is built in. Reference numeral 5 'denotes a piping rotating body case in which a piping rotating body 10' described later is built. 6 is provided on the cutter frame 8 side. A drive shaft case forming a mounting portion of the cutter drive shaft 15 for mounting one end side of a cutter drive shaft 15 (see FIG. 8) described later, and 7 is a pipe provided on the cutter frame 8 side and described later. A pipe shaft case forming a mounting portion of a pipe shaft for mounting one end side of a shaft (not shown), 8 is a cutter frame as a mounting member of a cutter bit performing a hulling excavation motion, and 8a is a ground pile. A cutter bit 9 for cutting the cutter, a cutter driving device for driving the cutter frame 8 via the cutter driving shaft 15 by driving the rotating body 10 to rotate, and a cutter driving device 9 for rotating the cutter bit; The rotating body 10 ′, which will be described in detail later, after rotating the cutter driving shaft 15 around the line x, has a structure similar to the rotating body 10, and follows the hulling motion of the cutter frame 8 together with the pipe shaft together with the pipe axis to rotate the rotation center line x ′. A rotating body for piping, which will be described in detail later, is a rotating wheel having an annular shape and provided with a large number of bearings on an inner peripheral portion, and a cutter 15 is eccentrically arranged on the rotating body 10 so as to generate a hulling motion. This is a cutter drive shaft for driving the frame 8.
[0008]
Three rotator cases 5 and one tubing rotator case 5 ′ are provided, are integrally connected to each other so as to improve strength, and are fixed to the bulkhead 2. The cutter frame 8 includes a substantially ring-shaped outer peripheral frame 8b that forms an outer peripheral portion, and a vertical cut-spoke 8c and a horizontal cut-spoke 8d that are fixed to extend over the outer frame 8b to form an internal frame. And formed. A number of cutter bits 8a are attached to the outer peripheral frame 8b and the cut spokes 8c, 8d to form a cutter. The cutter frame 8 has a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the shield body 1 in order to form the contour of the underground pit having a circular cross section by the hulling motion. In the example shown here, the cutter frame 8 is made of such a cut-spoke, but may be made of a face plate. In the vicinity of the outer peripheral frame 8b, three drive shaft cases 6 and one piping shaft case 7 are arranged symmetrically in the vertical and horizontal directions and are fixed to the pair of vertical cut spokes 8c by welding.
[0009]
The specific structure of the rotating body 10 will be described. Although the specific structure of the rotating body 10 is not shown in the drawings (FIGS. 3 to 8) according to the prior art, the structure is substantially the same as the structure of the rotating body 10 shown in FIG. Since there is not, description will be made with reference to FIG.
[0010]
The rotating body 10 means a machine element indicated by a hatched portion in FIG. Roughly speaking, the rotary shaft 11 is driven to rotate by the cutter driving device 9 about the rotation center line x of the rotary body 10, and the rotary shaft is formed integrally with the rotary shaft 11 and rotates with the rotation. A rotor 12 having a larger diameter than the shaft 11 is formed integrally with the rotor 12 eccentrically with respect to the rotation shaft 11, and has a smaller diameter than the rotation shaft 11 to which the driving force of the cutter driving device 9 for rotatingly driving the rotation shaft 11 is transmitted. And the power transmission shaft 13. The rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported by a revolving wheel 14 via a bearing, whereby the rotating body 10 is rotatably installed in the rotating body case 5.
[0011]
The cutter drive shaft 15 has one end attached to the rotor 12 and the other end attached to the cutter frame 8. Therefore, a cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12a for inserting one end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is formed in the rotor 12, and a cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a for inserting the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is provided. The cutter drive shaft 15 is formed on the drive shaft case 6 which is an attachment portion. In this case, in order to mount the cutter drive shaft 15 eccentrically to the rotary shaft 10, the center line y of both cutter drive shaft insertion holes 6 a, 12 a is located at a predetermined distance from the rotation center line x of the rotating body 10. To When the end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion holes 6a and 12a for attachment, it is necessary to attach at least one end of the cutter drive shaft 15 so as to be relatively rotatable. This means will be described later in detail. .
[0012]
The rotating body 10 ′ for piping is not shown in a specific structure, but is not driven by a power source like the rotating body 10, but simply follows the movement of the cutter frame 8 and rotates. Therefore, the power transmission shaft 13 is removed from the rotating body 10 and is rotatably supported in the piping rotating body case 5 ′ in the same manner as the rotating body 10. One end of a piping shaft having a structure similar to the cutter drive shaft 15 is attached to the rotor of the rotating body for piping 10 ′, and the other end is attached to the piping shaft case 7. Therefore, in the pipe shaft case 7 and the rotor, a pipe shaft insertion hole similar to the cutter drive shaft insertion holes 6a and 12a is provided so that the center line y 'of the hole is predetermined from the rotation center line x' of the pipe rotating body 10 '. It is formed so as to be located at a distance. When the end of the pipe shaft is inserted into the pipe shaft insertion hole and attached, at least one end is attached so as to be relatively rotatable. In order to form a guideway for piping such as a hydraulic hose for over cutter and a hose for lubrication between the skin plate 1b side and the cutter frame 8 side, the rotating body 10 ′ for piping and the inside of the piping shaft include: A piping guide device is formed by forming an insertion hole through which piping can pass.
[0013]
The eccentric multi-axis excavator excavates the ground by causing the cutter frame 8 to perform a hulling motion. The hulling motion mechanism for generating the hulling motion is provided by the drive shaft case 6, the rotating body 10, and the cutter drive shaft 15. Is provided. In addition, the piping guide device is particularly provided with the piping shaft case 7, the piping rotating body 10 'and the piping shaft, so that it can follow the hulling motion of the cutter frame 8 as a driven mechanism. In the example shown here, three sets of hulling movement mechanisms are provided, and one set of piping guide devices is provided. However, as for the hulling movement mechanisms, two or more sets of desired numbers are provided in consideration of the stability of the operation of the cutter frame 8. be able to.
[0014]
The specific structure of the cutter driving device 9 will be described with reference to FIGS. The cutter driving device 9 is roughly divided into three hydraulic cylinders 9a, a pair of mountain-shaped brackets 9b which are rotatably mounted by sandwiching one end of each of the hydraulic cylinders 9a, And a trifurcated connecting plate 9c which is fixed by welding so as to be sandwiched between the brackets 9b and is rotatably connected to the power transmission shafts 13 of the three rotating bodies 10. The hydraulic cylinder 9a is arranged in the radial direction of the skin plate 1b, and the cylinder side and the rod side are rotatably mounted on the skin plate 1b and the bracket 9b, respectively. The cutter driving device 9 causes the bracket 9b to perform a hulling-like circular motion by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 9a, whereby the center axis z of each of the power transmission shafts 13 is rotated through the connecting plate 9c. By rotating around the center line x, the three rotating shafts 11 are simultaneously driven to rotate.
[0015]
In the eccentric multi-shaft excavator having the above-described structure, when the hydraulic cylinder 9a of the cutter driving device 9 is driven, the driving force is transmitted to the power transmission shaft 13, and the rotation shaft 11 and the rotor 12 are further rotated. The cutter driving shaft 15 rotates around the rotation center line x in a circle with the rotation of the rotor 12. Then, the turning motion of the cutter drive shaft 15 is transmitted to the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a of the cutter frame 8, and the center line y of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a makes a circular motion about the rotation center line x. Therefore, the cutter frame 8 can excavate the ground by performing a so-called hulling motion. 6 and 7 show a state where the drive shaft case 6, the cutter frame 8 and the like are displaced from the neutral position at this time by a chain line.
[0016]
In this case, since each cutter bit 8a attached to the cutter frame 8 makes a circular motion with the same radius of rotation that is extremely smaller than the outer diameter of the excavation, each cutter bit 8a has an inner circumferential surface that is the same as the conventional one. It does not wear faster than the side and wears evenly. Further, in this type of eccentric multi-axis excavator, since the outer periphery of the cutter frame 8 draws a trajectory approximating the outer peripheral shape, the outer periphery is formed in a shape similar to a desired excavated cross-sectional shape and smaller than the cross-sectional shape. By doing so, it is possible to excavate a hole having an arbitrary cross section such as an elliptical shape, a horseshoe shape, or a substantially square shape.
[0017]
When assembling such an eccentric multi-axis excavator, one end side and the other end side of the plurality of cutter drive shafts 15 are respectively connected to the cutter drive shaft insertion holes 12a of the plurality of rotors 12 corresponding thereto and the cutter of the drive shaft case 6. It is necessary to insert and insert into the drive shaft insertion hole 6a. In this case, it is desirable to minimize the gap between the cutter drive shaft insertion holes 6a and 12a and the cutter drive shaft 15. However, when attaching the plurality of cutter drive shafts 15, first, one end side of the plurality of cutter drive shafts 15 is inserted into one of the plurality of cutter drive shaft insertion holes 6a, 12a, and then attached. It is necessary to simultaneously insert the other end of the plurality of cutter drive shafts 15 into the other one of the plurality of cutter drive shaft insertion holes 6a, 12a. Since the shaft 15 is always processed with a tolerance, unless a certain gap is provided between the cutter drive shaft insertion holes 6a and 12a and the cutter drive shaft 15, the other end side of the plurality of cutter drive shafts 15 is required. Cannot be inserted into the other of the plurality of cutter drive shaft insertion holes 6a and 12a at the same time. In order to cope with such a problem, in the conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator, the cutter drive shaft 15 is mounted by mounting means as shown in FIG.
[0018]
The attachment means will be described with reference to FIG. 8. In this conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator, one end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12a of the rotor 12, and all the diameters of the insertion hole 12a are changed. It is supported by the universal joint 16 so that it can swing in the direction. A cylindrical bushing-type slide bearing 17 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6 a of the drive shaft case 6, and the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is inserted into the slide bearing 17. And support them. In this case, a gap δ is formed between the cylindrical slide bearing 17 and the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 over the entire circumference of the slide bearing 17 as shown in FIG. Such attachment means is employed for all three cutter drive shafts 15. Note that the piping shaft (not shown) is a driven member that simply rotates following the movement of the cutter frame 8, and thus does not necessarily require such precise mounting means.
[0019]
If such a mounting method is adopted, if one end of each of the plurality of cutter drive shafts 15 is swingably mounted in advance in the respective cutter drive shaft insertion holes 12a of the rotor 12 with the universal joint 16, the respective cutter drive shafts 15 When the other end side is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a of each drive shaft case 6, the other end of each cutter drive shaft 15 is pivoted appropriately so that the other end of each cutter drive shaft 15 is inserted into each cutter drive shaft insertion hole. 6a can be aligned to match the entrance. Since a gap δ is formed between each slide bearing 17 and the other end of each cutter drive shaft 15 over the entire circumference of the slide bearing 17, the other end of each cutter drive shaft 15 is provided. Can be simultaneously and reliably inserted into the corresponding cutter drive shaft insertion holes 6a, and the other end of each cutter drive shaft 15 is supported by a slide bearing 17.
[0020]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in this conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator, when the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is supported by the bushing type slide bearing 17, as shown in FIG. The cutter drive shaft 15 swings so as to form a gap of 2δ and makes point contact with the slide bearing 17, and the cutter drive shaft 15 is normally supported by the slide bearing 17 in this state. When the cutter frame 8 is driven to excavate the ground, the cutter drive shaft 15 rotates relative to the sliding bearing 17 while rotating around the rotation center line x of the rotating body 10. Since the cutter drive shaft 15 is relatively rotated while being supported by the slide bearing 17 in point contact, a very large contact pressure acts on the contact portion between the cutter drive shaft 15 and the slide bearing 17. As a result, the load applied to the contact portion between the cutter drive shaft 15 and the slide bearing 17 during excavation of the ground with the cutter becomes severe, and the contact portion is apt to be worn easily and to be easily damaged.
[0021]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem which is observed in the conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator, and the technical problem thereof is that a contact between a cutter drive shaft and a bearing supporting the cutter drive shaft during excavation with a cutter is provided. An object of the present invention is to provide an eccentric multi-axis excavator capable of reducing a load applied to a part.
[0022]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention, in order to achieve these technical problems,
A cutter frame for mounting a cutter bit is provided, and a rotating shaft that is rotationally driven by a driving device, a cutter driving shaft that is arranged eccentrically to the rotating shaft to drive the cutter frame, and one end of the cutter driving shaft are inserted. A rotor having a cutter drive shaft insertion hole for rotating the rotary shaft together with the rotary shaft, and a cutter drive shaft provided on the cutter frame side having a cutter drive shaft insertion hole for inserting the other end of the cutter drive shaft. An eccentric multi-axis excavator having a plurality of sets of mounting parts,
One end side of the cutter drive shaft is inserted into one of the cutter drive shaft insertion holes of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole of the rotor and the cutter drive shaft insertion hole of the mounting portion of the cutter drive shaft, and is swingably supported. At the same time, a spherical bearing is provided along the hole wall in the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole, and the other end of the cutter drive shaft is inserted into the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole. The other end side of the cutter drive shaft was inserted into the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole in a swing posture such that a gap allowing the swing of the cutter drive shaft was formed between the section side and the spherical bearing. Sometimes, the other end side of the cutter drive shaft is configured to be supported by a spherical bearing.
[0023]
In the eccentric multi-shaft excavator of the present invention configured as described above, one of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole of the rotor and the cutter drive shaft insertion hole of the attachment portion of the cutter drive shaft is provided with the cutter drive shaft. Since one end side is inserted so as to be swingably supported, when the other end side of each cutter drive shaft is inserted into the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole, each cutter drive shaft is inserted. By appropriately swinging, the other end of each cutter drive shaft can be positioned so as to match the entrance of the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole. Then, with the other end side of the cutter drive shaft inserted into the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole, a gap is formed between the other end side and the spherical bearing to allow the cutter drive shaft to swing. Since the other end side of each cutter drive shaft is inserted into the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole, each spherical bearing operates so as to follow the swing posture of each cutter drive shaft. The other end of each cutter drive shaft can be simultaneously and smoothly inserted into the corresponding other cutter drive shaft insertion hole.
[0024]
When the other end side of each cutter drive shaft is inserted into the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole in this way, the other end side of each cutter drive shaft is provided by a spherical bearing provided in the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole. It will be supported. In that case, the other end side of each cutter drive shaft is supported in line contact with the spherical bearing, so that the load applied to the contact portion between the cutter drive shaft and the spherical bearing during excavation by the cutter is reduced by the cutter drive shaft. It can be reduced as compared with a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator supported by a point contact by a slide bearing.
[0025]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be clarified by describing specific examples showing how the present invention is actually embodied with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a main part of an eccentric multi-shaft excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram for a cutter drive shaft in an eccentric multi-shaft excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the vicinity of a bearing notionally, (a) is a figure when a cutter drive shaft is in a neutral state, and (b) is a figure when a cutter drive shaft is in an inclined state. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 3 to 8 described above, and represent the same portions as those in FIGS.
[0026]
The eccentric multi-shaft excavator shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an example in which the eccentric multi-shaft excavator of the present invention is embodied as a shield machine. This eccentric multi-axis excavator is provided with a cutter frame 8 for mounting a cutter bit 8a, similarly to the above-described conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator, and is driven to rotate by a cutter driving device 9 about a rotation center line x. A rotary shaft 11, a cutter drive shaft 15 eccentrically arranged on the rotary shaft 11 for driving the cutter frame 8, and a cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12 a for inserting one end of the cutter drive shaft 15; A rotor 12 that rotates together with the shaft 11 and a cutter drive shaft 15 provided with a cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a for inserting the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 as a mounting portion for the cutter drive shaft 15 provided on the cutter frame 8 side. With three sets of shaft cases 6, the basic structure is the same as the conventional eccentric multi-shaft excavator.
[0027]
Although not shown, this eccentric multi-axis excavator is provided with one set of a rotating body for piping 10 ', a piping shaft and a piping shaft case 7 housed in a rotating body case for piping 5'. It is no different from the conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator. As described in the section of the related art, the rotating shaft 11 and the rotor 12 are integrally formed with the power transmission shaft 13 to which the driving force of the cutter driving device 9 is transmitted so as to form one rotating body 10. The rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported by a revolving wheel 14 via bearings. The cutter driving device 9 that rotationally drives the rotating body 10 includes three hydraulic cylinders 9a illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5 and a pair of mountain-shaped brackets 9b that sandwich one end of each of the hydraulic cylinders 9a. And a trifurcated connecting plate 9c fixed to the pair of brackets 9b and rotatably connected to the power transmission shafts 13 of the three rotating bodies 10, and is used in a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator. There is no difference in structure from what is being done.
[0028]
This eccentric multi-shaft excavator is such an eccentric multi-shaft excavator having such a structure that a plurality of cutter drive shafts 15 can be smoothly mounted at the time of assembling, and the cutter drive shaft 15 is connected to the cutter drive shaft 15 at the time of excavation with a cutter. The load applied to the contact portion of the bearing is reduced. Therefore, one end side of the cutter drive shaft 15 is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12a of the rotor 12 to support the cutter drive shaft 15 in a swingable manner, and the cutter drive shaft is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a of the drive shaft case 6 along the hole wall. When the spherical bearing 20 is provided and the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a, the swing of the cutter drive shaft 15 is caused between the other end and the spherical bearing 20. When the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a in a swinging posture such that an allowable gap δ is formed, the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is spherical. It is configured so that it can be supported by the bearing 20, and this point has the greatest feature.
[0029]
Therefore, the technical contents regarding this point will be specifically described below.
[0030]
One end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is universally inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12a of the rotor 12 so as to be able to swing in all radial directions of the insertion hole 12a, similarly to the conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator. It is supported by a joint 16. The universal joint 16 includes a spherical portion 16a formed at one end of the cutter driving shaft 15 and a bearing portion 16b provided in the cutter driving shaft insertion hole 12a and having a concave spherical surface capable of fitting with the spherical portion 16a. It is configured.
[0031]
In the example shown here, when the one end side of the cutter drive shaft 15 is swingably supported in the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12a, the cutter drive shaft 15 is supported by the universal joint 16, but is provided by a well-known self-aligning roller bearing. In other words, it may be a means for supporting the cutter driving shaft 15 so that the cutter driving shaft 15 can swing in an arbitrary direction around the cutter driving shaft insertion hole 12a. When the one end side of the cutter drive shaft 15 is swingably supported in this manner, naturally, the cutter drive shaft 15 may receive loads in the thrust direction, the anti-thrust direction, and the radial direction applied to the cutter drive shaft 15. We need to be able to do it.
[0032]
On the other hand, a spherical bearing 20 is mounted in the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a of the drive shaft case 6 along the hole wall. The spherical bearing 20 includes an annular sliding body 20a that supports the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 when inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a and slides on a concave spherical surface, and a hole wall of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a. And a ring-shaped sliding member supporting member 20b having a larger diameter than the sliding member 20a that slidably supports the sliding member 20a by fitting the sliding member 20a. The sliding body 20a is formed in an arc shape in cross section so that an outer peripheral surface forms a part of a convex spherical surface, and an inner peripheral surface is formed in a cylindrical shape. The sliding member support member 20b is formed in a cylindrical shape so that the outer peripheral surface is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the drive shaft case 6, and is formed in an arc-shaped cross section such that the inner peripheral surface forms a part of a concave spherical surface. It has a shape that can be fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the sliding body 20a. Therefore, the sliding body 20a can swing or rotate in any direction about a line passing through the center of the convex spherical surface.
[0033]
Such a spherical bearing 20 is provided with a total of two at the front part and the rear part of the drive shaft case 6 at intervals in the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a, and the cutter drive shaft 15 is cooperated by these spherical bearings 20. It is configured to be able to support. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2A, with the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a, the cutter drive shaft is inserted between the other end and the spherical bearing 20. The gap δ is formed so as to allow 15 swings. Then, as shown in FIG. 2B, when the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a while being swung at an appropriate swing angle θ, the cutter drive shaft 15 The other end of 15 can be supported by a spherical bearing 20 in linear contact therewith. The structure in which the cutter drive shaft 15 is supported by the universal joint 16 and the spherical bearing 20 as described above is adopted for all three cutter drive shafts 15.
[0034]
In the example shown here, a universal joint 16 is provided in the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12a of the rotor 12 to support one end side of the cutter drive shaft 15 in a swingable manner, and the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a of the drive shaft case 6 is provided. Is provided with a universal joint 16 on the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a side so as to swingably support the other end side of the cutter drive shaft 15 and on the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12a side. A spherical bearing 20 may be provided.
[0035]
In the eccentric multi-shaft excavator having the above structure, one end of each of the three cutter drive shafts 15 is inserted into the corresponding cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12a of each rotor 12 and rocked by the universal joint 16. When the other end of each of the three cutter drive shafts 15 is inserted into the corresponding cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6 a of each drive shaft case 6, each cutter drive shaft 15 is supported. By appropriately swinging, the other end of each cutter drive shaft 15 can be positioned so as to match the entrance of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a.
[0036]
When the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6 a of the drive shaft case 6, the swing of the cutter drive shaft 15 is allowed between the other end and the spherical bearing 20. The cutter frame 8 is moved toward the shield body 1 so that the other end of each of the cutter drive shafts 15 that has been appropriately swung moves to the corresponding drive position. When the shaft is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a of the shaft case 6, it can be smoothly and simultaneously inserted into each cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a. In this case, the spherical bearing 20 of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a operates so as to follow the swinging posture of the cutter drive shaft 15 while appropriately sliding the slide body 20a. Insertion into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a can be performed more smoothly than in the conventional technique.
[0037]
When the other end of each cutter drive shaft 15 is inserted into the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a of each drive shaft case 6, the other end of each cutter drive shaft 15 is provided in each cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a. It will be supported by the spherical bearing 20. After the other end of each cutter drive shaft 15 is supported by the spherical bearing 20 in this manner, the universal joint 16 does not swing the one end of the cutter drive shaft 15 supported in the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12a of the rotor 12. And fix the position with a pin. Further, the opening of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a of each drive shaft case 6 and the opening of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 12a of the rotor 12 are shielded and sealed with a sealing member, and foreign matter such as excavated earth and sand is removed by the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a. , 12a.
[0038]
In this state, the other end side of each cutter driving shaft 15 is in non-swinging state and in line contact with the spherical bearing 20, and relative to the cutter driving shaft insertion hole 6 a of each driving shaft case 6. It is supported so that it can rotate. Therefore, when the cutter frame 8 is driven to excavate the ground, the cutter drive shaft 15 rotates relatively to the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a while rotating around the rotation center line x of the rotating body 10. However, the cutter drive shaft 15 is not supported by the slide bearing 17 in point contact as in the conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator, but is relatively rotated while being supported by the spherical bearing 20 in line contact. , Ie, when the cutter drive shaft 15 rotates, the load applied to the contact portion between the cutter drive shaft 15 and the bearing can be reduced as compared with the conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator. As a result, it is possible to suppress the progress of wear and the occurrence of breakage at the contact portion between the cutter drive shaft 15 and the bearing as seen in the conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator.
[0039]
In the example shown here, the spherical bearings 20 are provided at the front and rear portions of the drive shaft case 6 at intervals in the cutter drive shaft insertion hole 6a, and the other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 is , The other end of the cutter drive shaft 15 can be line-contacted to the spherical bearing 20 at two spaced locations to reliably support the cutter drive shaft 15. The effect of reducing the load applied to the contact portion between the bearing 15 and the bearing can be more reliably achieved. As a result, the progress of wear and the occurrence of breakage at the contact portion between the cutter drive shaft 15 and the bearing can be suppressed more reliably.
[0040]
Here, an example is shown in which the eccentric multi-axial excavator of the present invention is embodied as a shield machine for excavating a hole having a circular cross section.However, the present invention provides an oval, horseshoe, or any other cross section such as a substantially square. The present invention can be applied to a shield excavator for excavating a hole, and further to an underground excavator for excavating a horizontal hole and an underground excavator for excavating a vertical hole other than the shield excavator. In the example shown here, the rotating shaft 11, the rotor 12, and the power transmission shaft 13 are integrally formed so as to be a single rotating body 10, but desired ones of these are separately formed and May be combined. The rotor 12 does not necessarily have to be cylindrical as long as the cutter drive shaft 15 can be mounted eccentrically with respect to the rotation center line x. In the example shown here, the cutter driving device is configured so that the plurality of rotating shafts 11 can be simultaneously driven to rotate by using the hydraulic cylinder 9a. However, the rotating shafts 11 can be individually driven to be rotated by the plurality of motors. May be configured.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the eccentric multi-shaft excavator of the present invention employs the means described in the section of "Means for Solving the Problems", so that the end side of the cutter drive shaft is When supported by bearings, the end side of the cutter drive shaft can be supported in line contact with a spherical bearing, and the load applied to the contact portion between the cutter drive shaft and the bearing that supports it when excavating with the cutter Can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to suppress the progress of wear and the occurrence of breakage at the contact portion between the cutter drive shaft and the bearing. Also, in order to assemble the eccentric multi-axis excavator, the other end side of each cutter drive shaft, which is pivotally supported at one end side, is pivoted to the corresponding cutter drive shaft insertion hole. When the cutter drive shaft is inserted, the spherical bearing of the cutter drive shaft insertion hole operates so as to follow the swinging posture of the cutter drive shaft, so that the other end of each cutter drive shaft is inserted into each cutter drive shaft insertion hole according to the conventional technology. Can be inserted smoothly.
[0042]
When the eccentric multi-shaft excavator of the present invention is embodied, and particularly when embodied as described in claim 2, the end side of the cutter driving shaft is provided with two spaced spherical surfaces. Since the bearings can cooperate and support each other, the end of the cutter drive shaft can be securely contacted with the spherical bearing by making line contact at two spaced locations, and the cutter drive shaft and the bearing can be supported. The effect of reducing the load applied to the contact portion can be more reliably achieved. As a result, the progress of wear and the occurrence of breakage at the contact portion between the cutter drive shaft and the bearing can be suppressed more reliably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a main part of an eccentric multi-axis excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view conceptually showing the vicinity of a cutter drive shaft bearing in an eccentric multi-shaft excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) shows a state where the cutter drive shaft is in a neutral state. FIG. 3B is a diagram when the cutter drive shaft is in an inclined state.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an overall image of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the eccentric multi-shaft excavator of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a rear view of a cutter drive unit of the eccentric multi-axis excavator of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 3, in which the trajectory of the cutter frame at the time of driving is also shown.
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 4, in which trajectories at the time of driving the cutter frame are also shown.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view conceptually showing the vicinity of a cutter drive shaft bearing in a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator, where (a) is a diagram when the cutter drive shaft is in a neutral state, and (b) is FIG. 4 is a diagram when the cutter drive shaft is in an inclined state.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Shield body
5 Rotating body case
6 Drive shaft case
6a Cutter drive shaft insertion hole (of drive shaft case 6)
8 cutter frame
8a cutter bit
9 cutter drive
10 Rotating body
11 Rotation axis
12 rotor
12a Cutter drive shaft insertion hole (of rotor 12)
13 Power transmission shaft
14 Turning wheel
15 cutter drive shaft
16 Universal Joint
20 spherical bearing
20a Sliding body
20b Sliding member support member

Claims (2)

A cutter frame for mounting a cutter bit is provided, and a rotating shaft that is rotationally driven by a driving device, a cutter driving shaft that is arranged eccentrically to the rotating shaft to drive the cutter frame, and one end of the cutter driving shaft are inserted. A rotor having a cutter drive shaft insertion hole for rotating the rotary shaft together with the rotary shaft, and a cutter drive shaft provided on the cutter frame side having a cutter drive shaft insertion hole for inserting the other end of the cutter drive shaft. And an eccentric multi-axis excavator having a plurality of mounting portions, the cutter driving shaft being inserted into one of the cutter driving shaft insertion hole of the rotor and the cutter driving shaft insertion hole of the mounting portion of the cutter driving shaft. Of the other cutter drive shaft, and a spherical bearing is provided along the wall of the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole. When the other end of the cutter drive shaft is inserted, a gap is formed between the other end and the spherical bearing to allow the cutter drive shaft to swing. An eccentric multi-shaft excavator, wherein the other end of the cutter drive shaft can be supported by a spherical bearing when the end of the cutter drive shaft is inserted into the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole in a swinging posture. Machine. In the eccentric multi-shaft excavator according to claim 1, when a spherical bearing is provided along the hole wall in the other cutter drive shaft insertion hole, two spherical bearings are provided at an interval in the cutter drive shaft insertion hole. An eccentric multi-shaft excavator, characterized in that the cutter drive shaft is supported in cooperation with these spherical bearings.

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