JP2004082263A - End mill - Google Patents

End mill Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004082263A
JP2004082263A JP2002246606A JP2002246606A JP2004082263A JP 2004082263 A JP2004082263 A JP 2004082263A JP 2002246606 A JP2002246606 A JP 2002246606A JP 2002246606 A JP2002246606 A JP 2002246606A JP 2004082263 A JP2004082263 A JP 2004082263A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
blade
end mill
ball
diameter
cutting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002246606A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Ryosuke Okanishi
岡西 良祐
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Moldino Tool Engineering Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd
Priority to JP2002246606A priority Critical patent/JP2004082263A/en
Publication of JP2004082263A publication Critical patent/JP2004082263A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an end mill for finish grinding of high efficiency capable of improving both the efficiency and the roughness of a ground face. <P>SOLUTION: In this end mill having a plurality of ball blades of which axial cross sections of rotating loci have ball shapes of approximately uniform curvatures on the bottom of an end mill body, a ball diameter of the ball blade is larger than a blade diameter of the end mill, a corner R blade in the direction of an outer peripheral blade of the end mill and a central blade in the direction of a shaft center are formed continuously from the ball blade, and the central blade is an approximately straight cutting blade. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、金型等の加工に用いる高能率仕上げ切削用のエンドミルに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
工作機械を用いた金型等の仕上げ加工を能率よく加工するには、一般にピックフィードと称される工具送り量を大きくし、加工時間の短縮を計る必要が有る。しかしながら、ピックフィードを大きくすると、各送り間の段差が大きくなり、加工面粗さが劣化する。これを回避する為に特開平11−156620号公報には、ボールエンドミル先端のRを大きくすることが開示されている。しかし、ここで開示されている技術ではピックフィードを大きくした場合、加工面粗の劣化を低減するにあたり、十分な効果が得られないといった欠点がある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする問題点】
近年、金型等の仕上げ加工の更なる高能率化が要求され、これに対応した工具が求められている。しかし、従来のボールエンドミル先端のRを工具直径の1.5倍とした工具では、ピックフィードを大きくすることにより、加工時間の高能率化は図れるものの、加工面粗さの劣化を招き、仕上げ加工などの加工面粗さを重視した加工には十分な性能が得られていない。従って、加工面粗さを良好に保ちつつ、更に加工の高能率化を図る事が困難となっている。
【0004】
【発明の目的】
本発明は、以上の問題を解消するために鋭意研究した結果、従来の技術では達成することができなかった加工の高能率化と加工面粗さの両方を改善することができる高能率仕上げ切削用のエンドミルを提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願発明は、エンドミル本体の底部に回転軌跡の軸断面が略曲率一定のボール状を呈する複数のボール刃を有するエンドミルにおいて、該ボール刃のRの2倍が該エンドミル刃径より大きく、該エンドミルの外周刃方向にコーナR刃、軸心方向に中心刃を有し、該中心刃は略直線状の切れ刃であることを特徴とするエンドミルである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本願発明は、ボール刃のRを大きくすることにより加工面粗さを小さくでき、特に、加工能率を上げるためピックフィードを大きくとった場合は、加工面粗さを保つため、ボール刃のボール直径を大きくする必要がある。しかし、単にボール刃のRを大きくすると、切削時にボール刃が全面当たりし、切削抵抗が大きくなると共に、ボール刃の中心近傍での食い付き性が悪くなり、加工面のムシレを生じ良好な仕上面が得られなくなる。そこで、本願発明では、ボール刃に連続して、エンドミルの外周刃方向にコーナR刃をボール刃より小さなRで有したことにより、チッピングや欠損等が生じ易いコーナ部の強化が図れると共に、ボール刃の接触面が小さくなることから切削抵抗が低減され、ボール形状を維持しつつ、欠損が生じ難く安定した加工が行える。また、ボール刃に連続して、軸心方向に略直線状の中心刃を有したことにより、エンドミル軸心付近の切れ刃長さを短くでき、切削抵抗が低減でき、安定した加工が行える。ボール刃の大きさを1/8〜1/72ボールとすることで、回転軌跡の軸断面で約1/4〜1/36のボールの球面が得られ、ボール刃の切れ刃長さを制御することにより、切削抵抗が低減でき、均一な加工面粗さを得る事ができる。ここで、ボール刃のRは、エンドミル刃径の1.5倍を超えることが望ましく、好ましくは、エンドミル刃径の2倍以上が望ましい。
【0007】
中心刃は、中低勾配を有しても良く、中心刃が被削材と接触するのを抑え、切削抵抗を低減すると共に、エンドミル軸心付近の食い付き性と切削性を向上することができる。ここで、仕上げ加工用でありながら、中低勾配を有したことにより、R精度が懸念されるが、ボール刃のRを大きく設定したことから、曲率が小さくなり、中低勾配を有していても十分なR精度が得られ、仕上げ切削において、加工精度が維持できる。なお、中低勾配は、切削性や耐チッピング性を考慮して、2°〜5°に設定することが好ましい。ボール刃と中心刃との繋ぎ部がボール刃より小さなRで結ぶことにより、ボール刃と中心刃が滑らかに繋がり、強度と仕上げ面粗さが向上する。
【0008】
本発明のエンドミルを用いてピックフィードを大きくして加工を行った場合、加工製品のコーナー部で取り代が多くなってしまう様な加工においても欠損を有効に防ぐことができる。従って、ピックフィードを大きくしても加工面粗さのバラツキもなく安定して加工が行え、凹形状の有る加工でもボール刃の接触面を小さくでき、耐欠損性を高める事ができるのである。以下、本発明を実施例に基づいて説明する。
【0009】
(実施例1)
本発明例1として、材質に超微粒子を用い、エンドミル刃径が10mmのエンドミル本体の底部に、エンドミル先端に向かって外径が漸次小さくなる、Rが20mmで1/36ボールのボール刃を2枚備えた2枚刃のエンドミルであって、エンドミルの外周刃方向にRが2mmのコーナR刃、軸心方向に中低勾配3°の直線状の中心刃を有したものを製作し、TiAlN膜をPVD法により被覆した。
【0010】
本発明例1を使用して仕上げ加工を行った。被削材に機械構造用炭素鋼であるS50C材を用い、切削諸元は回転数10000min−1、送り速度5000mm/min、切り込み量0.3mm、ピックフィードは1.0mmで加工を行った。また、比較に、従来例2として、エンドミル刃径が10mm、エンドミル先端のRが15mmのボールエンドミルを、比較例3として、エンドミル刃径が10mm、エンドミル先端のRが20mmのボールエンドミルを製作し、従来例2において、ピックフィードが0.8mmであるという以外は、本発明例1と同一の切削条件として加工した。
その結果、本発明例1は、ピックフィードを比較例2の1.25倍に当たる1.0mmとした場合でも、加工面粗さは9μmであり、従来例2の加工面粗さは21μmであったのに対して、大幅に低減することができた。更に、ピックフィードを1.25倍としていることから、本発明例1では大幅な加工効率向上が図ることができた。また、比較例3は、切削面のムシレが激しく、加工面粗さは23μmであった。
【0011】
(実施例2)
次に、本発明例4として、本発明例1と同様の仕様で、中心刃のRを30mmとし、ボール刃と2mmのRで滑らかに結んだものを製作し、実施例1と同様の仕上げ加工を行った。
その結果、切削状態が更に安定し、加工面粗さは7μmと良好な仕上げ面が得られた。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、高能率化と加工面粗さの両方を改善することができる高能率仕上げ切削用のエンドミルを提供することができた。
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an end mill for high-efficiency finish cutting used for processing a die or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to efficiently perform finishing processing of a mold or the like using a machine tool, it is necessary to increase a tool feed amount generally called a pick feed and to shorten a processing time. However, when the pick feed is increased, the step between the feeds increases, and the roughness of the machined surface deteriorates. To avoid this, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-156620 discloses that the radius R at the tip of a ball end mill is increased. However, the technique disclosed herein has a drawback that when the pick feed is increased, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained in reducing deterioration of the processed surface roughness.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, there has been a demand for higher efficiency of finishing processing of dies and the like, and a tool corresponding to this has been demanded. However, in a conventional tool in which the radius of the tip of the ball end mill is 1.5 times the tool diameter, by increasing the pick feed, the machining time can be made more efficient, but the surface roughness of the machined surface is deteriorated, and the finish is reduced. Sufficient performance has not been obtained for machining that places importance on the surface roughness, such as machining. Therefore, it is difficult to further improve the processing efficiency while maintaining a good surface roughness.
[0004]
[Object of the invention]
As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, the present invention has achieved a high efficiency finish cutting that can improve both the efficiency of processing and the roughness of the processed surface that could not be achieved with the conventional technology. The purpose is to provide an end mill for use.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is directed to an end mill having a plurality of ball blades whose rotation locus has a ball shape having a substantially constant curvature at the bottom of the end mill body, wherein R of the ball blade is twice larger than the end mill blade diameter, The end mill has a corner R blade in the direction of the outer peripheral blade and a center blade in the axial direction, and the center blade is a substantially straight cutting edge.
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention can reduce the machined surface roughness by increasing the radius of the ball blade. In particular, when the pick feed is increased to increase the machining efficiency, the ball diameter of the ball blade is maintained to maintain the machined surface roughness. Need to be increased. However, simply increasing the radius of the ball blade causes the ball blade to hit the entire surface during cutting, increasing the cutting resistance, and deteriorating the biting properties near the center of the ball blade, resulting in a polished work surface and a good finish. No surface can be obtained. Therefore, in the present invention, by providing the corner R blade in the direction of the outer peripheral blade of the end mill with a smaller R than the ball blade in a direction continuous with the ball blade, it is possible to strengthen the corner portion where chipping, chipping, and the like are likely to occur, Since the contact surface of the blade is reduced, cutting resistance is reduced, and stable processing can be performed while maintaining the ball shape, with less occurrence of chipping. In addition, since a substantially straight center blade is provided in the axial direction following the ball blade, the length of the cutting edge near the axis of the end mill can be shortened, cutting resistance can be reduced, and stable machining can be performed. By setting the size of the ball blade to 1/8 to 1/72, a spherical surface of about 1/4 to 1/36 of the ball can be obtained in the axial section of the rotation trajectory, and the cutting edge length of the ball blade is controlled. By doing so, the cutting resistance can be reduced, and a uniform machined surface roughness can be obtained. Here, R of the ball blade desirably exceeds 1.5 times the end mill blade diameter, and preferably, is at least twice the end mill blade diameter.
[0007]
The center blade may have a middle to low gradient, which can prevent the center blade from contacting the work material, reduce cutting resistance, and improve biting and cutting properties near the end mill axis. it can. Here, although it is for finishing, it has a middle-low gradient, so there is concern about R accuracy. However, since the radius of the ball blade is set large, the curvature becomes small, and it has a middle-low gradient. However, sufficient R accuracy can be obtained, and processing accuracy can be maintained in finish cutting. In addition, it is preferable that the middle-low gradient is set to 2 ° to 5 ° in consideration of cutting properties and chipping resistance. By connecting the connecting portion between the ball blade and the center blade with R smaller than the ball blade, the ball blade and the center blade are connected smoothly, and the strength and the finished surface roughness are improved.
[0008]
When processing is performed by using the end mill of the present invention with a large pick feed, chipping can be effectively prevented even in processing in which a margin is increased at a corner of a processed product. Therefore, even if the pick feed is increased, the processing can be stably performed without variation in the processing surface roughness, and even in the processing having a concave shape, the contact surface of the ball blade can be reduced, and the fracture resistance can be improved. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples.
[0009]
(Example 1)
As Example 1 of the present invention, an ultrafine particle was used as the material, and a 1/36 ball blade having an R of 20 mm and an outer diameter gradually decreasing toward the end of the end mill was formed on the bottom of the end mill body having an end mill blade diameter of 10 mm. A two-flute end mill having two R blades having a corner radius of 2 mm in the direction of the outer peripheral edge of the end mill and a straight center blade having a medium-low gradient of 3 ° in the axial direction was manufactured. The membrane was coated by the PVD method.
[0010]
Finishing processing was performed using Inventive Example 1. S50C material, which is carbon steel for machine structure, was used as a work material, and machining was performed at a cutting speed of 10,000 min -1 , a feed speed of 5000 mm / min, a cutting depth of 0.3 mm, and a pick feed of 1.0 mm. For comparison, a ball end mill having an end mill blade diameter of 10 mm and an end mill tip R of 15 mm was manufactured as a conventional example 2, and a ball end mill having an end mill edge diameter of 10 mm and an end mill tip R of 20 mm was manufactured as a comparative example 3. In Conventional Example 2, machining was performed under the same cutting conditions as in Inventive Example 1 except that the pick feed was 0.8 mm.
As a result, in Example 1 of the present invention, even when the pick feed was 1.0 mm, which is 1.25 times that of Comparative Example 2, the processed surface roughness was 9 μm, and the processed surface roughness of Conventional Example 2 was 21 μm. On the other hand, it was able to reduce significantly. Furthermore, since the pick feed was 1.25 times, in the present invention example 1, the processing efficiency was significantly improved. Further, in Comparative Example 3, the cut surface was severely warped, and the processed surface roughness was 23 μm.
[0011]
(Example 2)
Next, as Example 4 of the present invention, one having the same specification as that of Example 1 of the present invention, with the center blade R being 30 mm, and being smoothly tied to the ball blade with an R of 2 mm, was manufactured. Processing was performed.
As a result, the cutting state was further stabilized, and the finished surface roughness was 7 μm and a good finished surface was obtained.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an end mill for high-efficiency finish cutting that can improve both the efficiency and the roughness of the machined surface.

Claims (3)

エンドミル本体の底部に回転軌跡の軸断面が略曲率一定のボール状を呈する複数のボール刃を有するエンドミルにおいて、該ボール刃のRの2倍が該エンドミル刃径より大きく、該エンドミルの外周刃方向にコーナR刃、軸心方向に中心刃を有し、該中心刃は略直線状の切れ刃であることを特徴とするエンドミル。In an end mill having a plurality of ball blades whose rotation locus has a ball shape having a substantially constant curvature at a bottom portion of an end mill body, twice the radius R of the ball blade is larger than the end mill blade diameter, and the outer edge direction of the end mill is An end mill having a corner R blade and a center blade in the axial direction, wherein the center blade is a substantially straight cutting blade. 請求項1記載のエンドミルにおいて、該中心刃は、中低勾配を有していることを特徴とするエンドミル。2. The end mill according to claim 1, wherein the center blade has a middle to low gradient. 請求項1記載のエンドミルにおいて、該中低勾配は、2°〜5°であることを特徴とするエンドミル。2. The end mill according to claim 1, wherein the medium-low gradient is 2 to 5 degrees.
JP2002246606A 2002-08-27 2002-08-27 End mill Pending JP2004082263A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002246606A JP2004082263A (en) 2002-08-27 2002-08-27 End mill

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002246606A JP2004082263A (en) 2002-08-27 2002-08-27 End mill

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004082263A true JP2004082263A (en) 2004-03-18

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002246606A Pending JP2004082263A (en) 2002-08-27 2002-08-27 End mill

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2004082263A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013118829A1 (en) * 2012-02-07 2013-08-15 日立ツール株式会社 Multiple-edged ball end mill

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013118829A1 (en) * 2012-02-07 2013-08-15 日立ツール株式会社 Multiple-edged ball end mill
JP2014039994A (en) * 2012-02-07 2014-03-06 Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd Multi-blade ball end mill

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