JP2004075450A - Method of manufacturing fertilizer from jelly fish - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing fertilizer from jelly fish Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004075450A JP2004075450A JP2002237248A JP2002237248A JP2004075450A JP 2004075450 A JP2004075450 A JP 2004075450A JP 2002237248 A JP2002237248 A JP 2002237248A JP 2002237248 A JP2002237248 A JP 2002237248A JP 2004075450 A JP2004075450 A JP 2004075450A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、クラゲから肥料を製造する方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
世界各地の沿岸地域では、毎年春から夏にかけてクラゲが大量に発生し、火力発電所や原子力発電所の冷却水取水口を閉塞し、出力低下を余儀なくされる等の被害が発生している。
これに対して発電所では、取水口の前面でクラゲを回収し、廃棄処分している。
クラゲ回収量は、季節や場所によって異なるが、ある発電所では１日約２００トン回収され、別の発電所では一年間で約３０００トン回収されたという報告がある。推計によれば現在瀬戸内海に生息するクラゲは、約１０万トンとも言われている。
このように大量に発生し、回収されたクラゲを単に廃棄処分するのでなく、肥料、飼料等に有効に利用する方法が種々提案されているが、単に肥料として利用できることを示しているだけのものが殆どであった。
【０００３】
例えば「くらげの油温脱水処理法」（特開平１０−２４９２９９）が提案されている。この提案は、クラゲを処理するに際し、３段階の減圧工程を経て油温脱水するとともに、初期減圧工程では、クラゲの含有水分の大部分を蒸散させ、中期減圧工程では脱水したクラゲをやや固定化し、後期減圧工程では組織芯部に含有する水分を水と油の比重の置換で蒸散して含水率を５％〜２０％とし、蛋白質の熱変性により臭気成分を除去することを特徴としている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前述の提案からは、クラゲを肥料に利用できることは示されているが、クラゲに含まれるどのような成分が肥料に利用されているか、肥料にとって好ましくない成分が含まれているのか否かが示されていないため、その有効性について不明であった。
本願発明者は、クラゲの肥料としての有効性を調べるため、クラゲの成分分析を行って表１の結果を得、肥料としての潜在的有効性を調べて表２の結果を得た。
【０００５】
【表１】
【表２】
表１は、クラゲ中の各種成分定量分析結果を示すもので、クラゲに含まれる全リン、全窒素はＪＩＳ Ｋ０１０２工場排水試験方法により定量し、その他の成分は誘導結合プラズマ発光成分分析法により定量した。
なお、表１において海水成分濃度は参考として示すもので、文献値を示す。
この分析結果から、クラゲは植物にとって一般的に好ましくないとされるナトリウムを多く含んでいるが、肥料の５要素であるマグネシュウム、カルシウム、窒素，リン、カリウムを多く含み、肥料としての有効性を潜在的にもつことがわかった。
【０００８】
表２は、クラゲの肥料としての潜在的有効性を調べるために、クラゲを室温で撹拌してほぼ均一に懸濁した溶液（以下、クラゲ懸濁溶液という。）とし、このクラゲ懸濁溶液をそのまま肥料として用い、チンゲンサイを栽培したときの収穫後のチンゲンサイの重量を示すものである。
この表２の結果から、ミズクラゲ及びアカクラゲの肥料としての効果は、化成肥料と同等あるいはそれ以上であることがわかった。
【０００９】
また、輸送コストを削減するために、クラゲ懸濁溶液の体積を減らす方法について検討した。ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム等の塩の溶解度差を利用すれば、多量に含まれるナトリウム塩を他の塩類より優先的に沈殿させることが可能である。
そこで、ロータリーエバポレータを用いてクラゲ懸濁溶液を減圧下で加熱し、体積を減少させる実験を行った。この際、加熱温度を変化させ、加熱濃縮前と加熱濃縮後における各種成分濃度変化を調べた。クラゲ懸濁溶液中のナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム濃度はイオンクロマトグラフィーで定量し、全リン、全窒素についてはＪＩＳ Ｋ０１０２工場排水試験方法で定量した。その結果、加熱温度を上げれば、濃縮は短時間で行われるが、クラゲ懸濁溶液が泡立ちナトリウム塩を沈殿させることが困難であった。例えば７０°Ｃで加熱したところ、溶液が泡立ち、塩化ナトリウムを効果的に沈殿させることが困難であった。
一方、温度を４０°Ｃ〜５０°Ｃとして濃縮すれば時間はかかるが、泡立たずにナトリウム塩を沈殿させることができることがわかった。例えばクラゲ懸濁溶液を大気圧より７４０ｍｍＨｇ減圧した条件下で、４０°Ｃで約１０倍に濃縮したときの、濃縮前后の溶液中各種成分の濃度より計算した各種成分の減少率は表３のようになった。
ここで、濃縮率は、濃縮前后のカルシウム濃度比から求めた。また、約１０倍濃縮するために、ミズクラゲの場合は約６時間、アカクラゲの場合は約１０時間要した。
【００１０】
【表３】
表３から、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウムについても多少減少するが、ナトリウムを８０％以上減少できることがわかった。
また、全リン、全窒素もかなり減少しているが、これは溶存性のリンや窒素以外の形態のものが加熱濃縮時に同時に沈殿したためである。
したがって、肥料化のために実際に濃縮する場合には、濃縮前に遠心分離または濾過によりリンや窒素を多量に含む懸濁状固形分を予め除いておき、濃縮後の溶液に戻すのが有効であることもわかった。
【００１２】
本発明は、上述の知見に基づいてなされたので、クラゲから肥料を製造する方法において、肥料として有効なカリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、リン、窒素をできるだけ減少させずに、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩のみを減少させたバランスの良い肥料を提供することを第１の目的とするものである。
また、肥料として有効なリン、窒素を有し、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩を減少させた肥料を提供することを第２の目的とするものである。
また、肥料として有効なカリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウムを有し、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩を減少させた肥料を提供することを第３の目的とするものである。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１記載の発明は、クラゲから肥料を製造する方法であって、撹拌によりクラゲをクラゲ懸濁溶液とする第１の工程と、遠心分離又は濾過によりクラゲ懸濁溶液からリンと窒素を含む懸濁状固形分を分離する第２の工程と、懸濁状固形分分離後のクラゲ懸濁溶液を減圧条件下４０°Ｃ〜５０°Ｃの温度で加熱することによりナトリウム塩を沈殿させてクラゲ懸濁溶液を濃縮する第３の工程と、濃縮後のクラゲ懸濁溶液に第２工程で分離した懸濁状固形分を撹拌混合する第４の工程とからなり、第４工程の撹拌混合で得られたクラゲ懸濁溶液を肥料とすることを特徴とするものである。
【００１４】
請求項２記載の発明は、クラゲから肥料を製造する方法であって、撹拌によりクラゲをクラゲ懸濁溶液とする第１の工程と、遠心分離又は濾過によりクラゲ懸濁溶液からリンと窒素を含む懸濁状固形分を分離する第２の工程とからなり、第２工程で分離した懸濁状固形分を肥料とすることを特徴とするものである。
【００１５】
請求項３記載の発明は、クラゲから肥料を製造する方法であって、撹拌によりクラゲをクラゲ懸濁溶液とする第１の工程と、遠心分離又は濾過によりクラゲ懸濁溶液からリンと窒素を含む懸濁状固形分を分解する工程と、懸濁状固形分分離後のクラゲ懸濁溶液を減圧条件下、４０°Ｃ〜５０°Ｃの温度で加熱することにより、塩化ナトリウムを沈殿させてクラゲ懸濁溶液を濃縮する第３の工程とからなり、第３工程で濃縮したクラゲ懸濁溶液を肥料とすることを特徴とするものである。
【００１６】
請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１又は３記載の発明において、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩をより効果的に減少させるために、第３工程が第２工程で懸濁状固形分を分離した後のクラゲ懸濁溶液を、大気圧からほぼ７４０ｍｍＨｇ減圧した条件下、４０°Ｃの温度で所定時間加熱することにより、クラゲ懸濁溶液をほぼ１０倍に濃縮することを特徴とするものである。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明によるクラゲから肥料を製造する方法の一実施形態例を説明する。
つぎの第１工程から第４工程によってクラゲから肥料が製造される。
（１）第１工程では、ミズクラゲやアカクラゲなどのクラゲを容器内に入れ、室温（例えば２０°Ｃ〜２５°Ｃ）で緩やかに１２時間程度撹拌し、クラゲをクラゲ懸濁溶液とする。例えばクラゲを入れた容器内に撹拌用の金属棒を入れ、容器を緩やかに回転して撹拌し、クラゲをクラゲ懸濁溶液とする。
この第１工程では、ミキサーで激しく撹拌するとか、温度を上げるかすれば、より短時間でクラゲ懸濁溶液とすることができるが、クラゲが大量に採取される時期が５月〜９月の気温の高い季節であることを考えると、単に室温で緩やかに撹拌するだけでも十分である。
【００１８】
（２）第２工程では、第１工程で得たクラゲ懸濁溶液を遠心分離機に入れ、遠心分離作用を用いてリンと窒素を多量に含む懸濁状固形分を分離する。この懸濁状固形分は通常の遠心分離（例えば３５００ｒｐｍ、５分程度）で分離できる。遠心分離の代わりにフィルタを用いた濾過によりクラゲ懸濁溶液からリンと窒素を多量に含む懸濁状固形分を分離してもよい。濾過では目詰まりが予想されるので、遠心分離の方が好ましい場合が多いと考えられる。
【００１９】
（３）第３工程では、第２工程で懸濁状固形分を分離した後のクラゲ懸濁溶液を、大気圧から７４０ｍｍＨｇ減圧した条件下で、４０°Ｃで約６〜１０時間加熱する。具体的には、ミズクラゲの場合に約６時間、アカクラゲの場合に約１０時間加熱する。
この第３工程によって、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩（例えば塩化ナトリウム）を多量に沈殿させてクラゲ懸濁溶液を１０倍に濃縮できる。すなわち、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウムカルシウム等の塩の溶解度差を利用して、クラゲ懸濁溶液中に多量に含まれるナトリウム塩を他の塩類より優先的に沈殿させて除去することができる。
【００２０】
（４）第４工程では、第３工程でナトリウム塩が沈殿除去されたクラゲ懸濁溶液に、第２工程で分離されたリンと窒素を多量に含む懸濁状固形分を室温で撹拌混合し、懸濁状固形分をクラゲ懸濁溶液に溶解して目的の肥料とする。この肥料は、クラゲ懸濁溶液であるが、クラゲ中の肥料として有効な成分であるカリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、窒素、リンをできるだけ減少させずに、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩のみを減少させ、しかも１０倍に濃縮して容積を減少させることができる。
【００２１】
前記実施形態例では、第１工程から第４工程までの工程を経て、クラゲから目的の肥料を製造する方法について説明したが、本発明はこれに限るものでなく、前記第１工程〜第４工程のうちの第１工程と第２工程の２つの工程によって、又は第１工程から第３工程までの３つの工程によって、クラゲから目的の肥料を製造する方法についても利用することができる。
【００２２】
第１工程と第２工程の２つの工程によってクラゲから肥料を製造する方法では、前記実施形態例の第１工程〜第４工程中のうちの第１工程と第２工程により肥料を製造するもので、その第２工程において、遠心分離又は濾過により、第１工程で得たクラゲ懸濁溶液から分離したリンと窒素を多量に含む懸濁状固形分が目的の肥料に利用できる。
【００２３】
第１工程から第３工程までの３つの工程によって、クラゲから目的の肥料を製造する方法では、前記実施形態例の第１工程〜第４工程のうちの第１工程〜第３工程により肥料を製造するもので、その第３工程において大気圧から７４０ｍｍＨｇ減圧した条件下で４０°Ｃで約６時間〜１０時間加熱することで、目的の肥料を得ることができる。すなわち、第２工程で懸濁状固形分を分離除去した後のクラゲ懸濁溶液から、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩を多量に沈殿させてクラゲ懸濁溶液を１０倍に濃縮し、この濃縮したクラゲ懸濁溶液を目的の肥料に利用できる。
【００２４】
前記実施形態例では、ナトリウム塩をより効果的に減少させるために、第３工程が、大気圧から７４０ｍｍＨｇ減圧した条件下で４０°Ｃで約６時間〜１０時間加熱する場合について説明したが、本発明はこれに限るものでなく、減圧下、４０°Ｃ〜５０°Ｃで所定時間加熱することにより、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム等の塩の溶解度差を利用して、第２工程で懸濁状固形分を分離した後のクラゲ懸濁溶液中に多量に含まれるナトリウム塩を他の塩類より優先的に沈殿させて除去し、所定濃度に濃縮する場合について利用することができる。
【００２５】
【発明の効果】
請求項１記載の発明は、撹拌によりクラゲをクラゲ懸濁溶液とする第１工程と、遠心分離または濾過によりクラゲ懸濁溶液からリンと窒素を含む懸濁状固形分を分離する第２工程と懸濁状固形分分離後のクラゲ懸濁溶液を減圧下、４０°Ｃ〜５０°Ｃで加熱することにより、ナトリウムを塩沈殿させてクラゲ懸濁溶液を濃縮する第３工程と、濃縮後のクラゲ懸濁溶液に第２工程で分離した懸濁状固形分を撹拌混合して目的の肥料とする第４工程とによってクラゲから肥料を製造する構成としたので、つぎのような効果を有する。
クラゲに含まれている肥料として有効なカリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、リン、窒素をできるだけ減少させずに、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩のみを減少させたバランスの良い肥料を得ることができる。しかも、肥料として利用するクラゲ懸濁溶液を濃縮しているので、減容化して輸送コストを削減することができる。
【００２６】
請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明の第１工程〜第４工程のうちの第１工程と第２工程によって肥料を製造し、その第２工程で分離したリンと窒素を多量に含む懸濁状固形分を目的の肥料とする構成としたので、肥料として有効なリンと窒素を多量に含み、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩を減少させた肥料を得ることができる。
【００２７】
請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明の第１工程〜第４工程のうちの第１工程〜第３工程によって肥料を製造し、その第３工程で濃縮したクラゲ懸濁溶液を目的の肥料とする構成とした。このため、肥料として有効なカリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウムをできるだけ減少させずに、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩を減少させた肥料を得ることができる。しかも、肥料として利用するクラゲ懸濁溶液を濃縮しているので、減容化して輸送コストを削減することができる。
【００２８】
請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１又は３記載の発明において、第３工程が、大気圧から７４０ｍｍＨｇ減圧した条件下で、４０°Ｃで所定時間加熱することにより、クラゲ懸濁溶液をほぼ１０倍にに濃縮する構成としたので、肥料として好ましくないナトリウム塩をより効果的に減少させることができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing fertilizer from jellyfish.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In coastal areas around the world, jellyfish are generated in large quantities every year from spring to summer, and the cooling water intakes of thermal power plants and nuclear power plants are blocked, resulting in damage such as forced output reduction.
In contrast, the power plant collects jellyfish in front of the intake and discards it.
The amount of jellyfish recovered varies depending on the season and location, but it has been reported that some power plants recovered about 200 tons per day and others recovered about 3,000 tons per year. According to estimates, about 100,000 tons of jellyfish currently inhabit the Seto Inland Sea.
Various methods have been proposed for effectively using fertilizers, feeds, etc., instead of simply discarding and recovering jellyfish that have been generated in large quantities in this way, but only those that can be used as fertilizers. Was the most.
[0003]
For example, "Jellyfish oil temperature dehydration treatment method" (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 10-249299) has been proposed. This proposal proposes that when jellyfish is treated, oil temperature dehydration is performed through a three-stage decompression process, and in the initial decompression process, most of the water content of the jellyfish is evaporated, and in the middle decompression process, the dehydrated jellyfish is slightly immobilized. In the latter-stage depressurization step, water contained in the tissue core is evaporated by replacing the specific gravity of water and oil with a water content of 5% to 20%, and odor components are removed by heat denaturation of proteins.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, although the above suggestion indicates that jellyfish can be used in fertilizers, what components contained in jellyfish are used in fertilizers, and whether or not undesired components are included in fertilizers Was not shown, and its effectiveness was unknown.
In order to investigate the effectiveness of jellyfish as a fertilizer, the inventors of the present application performed jellyfish component analysis to obtain the results shown in Table 1, and examined the potential effectiveness as a fertilizer to obtain the results shown in Table 2.
[0005]
[Table 1]
[Table 2]
Table 1 shows the results of quantitative analysis of various components in jellyfish. Total phosphorus and total nitrogen contained in jellyfish were determined by JIS K0102 factory drainage test method, and other components were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission component analysis method. did.
In Table 1, the concentrations of seawater components are shown for reference, and are shown in the literature.
The results of this analysis show that jellyfish contains a lot of sodium, which is generally unfavorable for plants, but contains a lot of magnesium, calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are the five elements of fertilizer, and indicates that it is effective as a fertilizer. Turned out to have potential.
[0008]
Table 2 shows that to judge the potential effectiveness of jellyfish as a fertilizer, the jellyfish was stirred at room temperature to form a substantially homogeneous suspension (hereinafter referred to as a jellyfish suspension solution). It shows the weight of the bok choy after harvest when the bok choy is cultivated by using it as it is as a fertilizer.
From the results in Table 2, it was found that the effect of water jellyfish and red jellyfish as fertilizers was equal to or higher than that of chemical fertilizers.
[0009]
In addition, to reduce the transportation cost, a method to reduce the volume of the jellyfish suspension was studied. By utilizing the difference in solubility of salts such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, etc., it is possible to precipitate a large amount of sodium salt preferentially over other salts.
Therefore, an experiment was conducted in which the jellyfish suspension was heated under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator to reduce the volume. At this time, the heating temperature was changed, and changes in the concentration of various components before and after the heat concentration were examined. The concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium in the jellyfish suspension solution were determined by ion chromatography, and total phosphorus and total nitrogen were determined by JIS K0102 factory drainage test method. As a result, when the heating temperature was increased, the concentration was performed in a short time, but it was difficult to foam the jellyfish suspension solution to precipitate the sodium salt. For example, when heated at 70 ° C., the solution foamed, and it was difficult to effectively precipitate sodium chloride.
On the other hand, it was found that if the concentration was performed at a temperature of 40 ° C. to 50 ° C., it took a long time, but the sodium salt could be precipitated without foaming. For example, when the jellyfish suspension solution was concentrated about 10 times at 40 ° C. under reduced pressure of 740 mmHg from atmospheric pressure, the reduction rate of various components calculated from the concentrations of various components in the solution before and after concentration was as shown in Table 3. It became so.
Here, the concentration ratio was determined from the calcium concentration ratio before and after concentration. In order to concentrate about 10 times, it took about 6 hours for moon jellyfish and about 10 hours for red jellyfish.
[0010]
[Table 3]
From Table 3, it was found that potassium, magnesium and calcium were also reduced somewhat, but sodium could be reduced by 80% or more.
In addition, total phosphorus and total nitrogen are also considerably reduced, because a form other than dissolved phosphorus and nitrogen was precipitated at the same time as heating and concentrating.
Therefore, when actually concentrating for fertilization, it is effective to remove the suspended solids containing a large amount of phosphorus and nitrogen by centrifugation or filtration before concentration and return to the concentrated solution. I also found out.
[0012]
Since the present invention has been made based on the above findings, in a method for producing fertilizer from jellyfish, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, and nitrogen, which are effective as fertilizers, are reduced as much as possible, and only sodium salts which are not preferable as fertilizers are used. It is a first object to provide a well-balanced fertilizer with reduced amount.
It is a second object of the present invention to provide a fertilizer having effective phosphorus and nitrogen as a fertilizer and having reduced undesirable sodium salts as a fertilizer.
It is a third object of the present invention to provide a fertilizer having effective potassium, magnesium, and calcium as a fertilizer and having reduced undesirable sodium salts as a fertilizer.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is a method for producing fertilizer from jellyfish, comprising a first step of converting jellyfish into a jellyfish suspension solution by stirring, and comprising phosphorus and nitrogen from the jellyfish suspension solution by centrifugation or filtration. A second step of separating the suspended solid content, and heating the jellyfish suspension solution after the suspended solid content separation under reduced pressure at a temperature of 40 ° C to 50 ° C to precipitate a sodium salt. A third step of concentrating the jellyfish suspension solution, and a fourth step of stirring and mixing the suspended solids separated in the second step into the concentrated jellyfish suspension solution. Characterized in that the jellyfish suspension obtained in the above is used as a fertilizer.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 2 is a method for producing fertilizer from jellyfish, comprising a first step of converting jellyfish into a jellyfish suspension solution by stirring, and comprising phosphorus and nitrogen from the jellyfish suspension solution by centrifugation or filtration. A second step of separating suspended solids, wherein the suspended solids separated in the second step are used as fertilizers.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 3 is a method for producing fertilizer from jellyfish, comprising a first step of converting the jellyfish into a jellyfish suspension solution by stirring, and comprising phosphorus and nitrogen from the jellyfish suspension solution by centrifugation or filtration. The step of decomposing the suspended solid and the heating of the jellyfish suspension solution after the separation of the suspended solid at a temperature of 40 ° C. to 50 ° C. under reduced pressure conditions to precipitate sodium chloride, A third step of concentrating the suspension solution, wherein the jellyfish suspension solution concentrated in the third step is used as a fertilizer.
[0016]
In the invention according to claim 4, in the invention according to claim 1 or 3, in order to more effectively reduce sodium salts which are not preferable as fertilizer, the third step separates suspended solids in the second step. The jellyfish suspension solution is characterized in that the jellyfish suspension solution is concentrated approximately 10-fold by heating the jellyfish suspension solution at a temperature of 40 ° C. for a predetermined time under a reduced pressure of approximately 740 mmHg from atmospheric pressure. .
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for producing fertilizer from jellyfish according to the present invention will be described.
Fertilizer is produced from jellyfish by the following first to fourth steps.
(1) In the first step, jellyfish such as moon jellyfish and red jellyfish are put in a container and gently stirred at room temperature (for example, 20 ° C. to 25 ° C.) for about 12 hours to make the jellyfish a jellyfish suspension solution. For example, a metal rod for stirring is put in a container containing jellyfish, and the container is gently rotated and stirred to make the jellyfish a jellyfish suspension solution.
In the first step, the jellyfish suspension can be obtained in a shorter time by vigorously stirring or increasing the temperature with a mixer. Given the high season, it is enough to simply stir gently at room temperature.
[0018]
(2) In the second step, the jellyfish suspension solution obtained in the first step is placed in a centrifuge, and a suspended solid containing a large amount of phosphorus and nitrogen is separated by centrifugation. This suspended solid can be separated by ordinary centrifugation (for example, at 3500 rpm for about 5 minutes). Instead of centrifugation, a suspended solid containing a large amount of phosphorus and nitrogen may be separated from the jellyfish suspension solution by filtration using a filter. Since clogging is expected in filtration, it is considered that centrifugation is often preferred.
[0019]
(3) In the third step, the jellyfish suspension solution after the separation of the suspended solids in the second step is heated at 40 ° C. for about 6 to 10 hours under reduced pressure of 740 mmHg from atmospheric pressure. Specifically, heating is performed for about 6 hours for moon jellyfish and about 10 hours for red jellyfish.
By this third step, a large amount of undesired sodium salt (eg, sodium chloride) as a fertilizer can be precipitated to concentrate the jellyfish suspension solution 10 times. That is, the sodium salt contained in a large amount in the jellyfish suspension solution can be preferentially precipitated and removed over other salts by utilizing the difference in solubility of salts such as sodium, potassium and magnesium calcium.
[0020]
(4) In the fourth step, the suspended solid containing a large amount of phosphorus and nitrogen separated in the second step is stirred and mixed at room temperature with the jellyfish suspension solution from which the sodium salt has been removed by precipitation in the third step. The suspended solids are dissolved in a jellyfish suspension solution to obtain a desired fertilizer. Although this fertilizer is a jellyfish suspension solution, potassium, magnesium, calcium, nitrogen, and phosphorus, which are effective components as fertilizers in jellyfish, are reduced as much as possible, and only sodium salts which are not preferable as fertilizers are reduced. The volume can be reduced by concentrating 10-fold.
[0021]
In the above-described embodiment, a method for producing a target fertilizer from jellyfish through the first to fourth steps has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first to fourth steps are not limited thereto. A method for producing a target fertilizer from jellyfish by two of the first step and the second step of the steps, or by three steps from the first step to the third step, can also be used.
[0022]
In the method for producing fertilizer from jellyfish by the two steps of the first step and the second step, the method comprises producing the fertilizer by the first step and the second step in the first to fourth steps of the embodiment. In the second step, the suspended solid containing a large amount of phosphorus and nitrogen separated from the jellyfish suspension solution obtained in the first step by centrifugation or filtration can be used as a target fertilizer.
[0023]
In the method for producing a target fertilizer from jellyfish by the three steps from the first step to the third step, the fertilizer is produced by the first to third steps of the first to fourth steps of the embodiment. In the third step, the desired fertilizer can be obtained by heating at 40 ° C. for about 6 hours to 10 hours under reduced pressure of 740 mmHg from the atmospheric pressure. That is, from the jellyfish suspension solution after the separation and removal of the suspended solids in the second step, a large amount of undesired sodium salt is precipitated as a fertilizer, and the jellyfish suspension solution is concentrated 10-fold. The suspension solution can be used for the desired fertilizer.
[0024]
In the above embodiment, the case where the third step is heating at 40 ° C. for about 6 hours to 10 hours under the condition of reducing the pressure from the atmospheric pressure by 740 mmHg in order to more effectively reduce the sodium salt has been described. The present invention is not limited to this. By heating under reduced pressure at 40 ° C. to 50 ° C. for a predetermined time, the difference in solubility of salts such as sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium can be utilized in the second step. It can be used in the case where sodium salts contained in a large amount in the jellyfish suspension solution after the separation of the suspended solids are preferentially precipitated and removed over other salts and concentrated to a predetermined concentration.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
The first aspect of the present invention provides a first step in which the jellyfish is converted into a jellyfish suspension solution by stirring, and a second step in which a suspended solid containing phosphorus and nitrogen is separated from the jellyfish suspension solution by centrifugation or filtration. A third step in which the jellyfish suspension solution after the suspended solid content separation is heated at 40 ° C. to 50 ° C. under reduced pressure to salt out sodium to precipitate the jellyfish suspension solution, and The fertilizer is manufactured from the jellyfish by the fourth step of stirring and mixing the suspended solids separated in the second step into the jellyfish suspension solution to obtain the desired fertilizer, so that the following effects are obtained.
It is possible to obtain a well-balanced fertilizer in which only undesirable sodium salts are reduced as fertilizers without reducing potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen as effective as fertilizers contained in jellyfish as much as possible. Moreover, since the jellyfish suspension solution used as a fertilizer is concentrated, the volume can be reduced and the transportation cost can be reduced.
[0026]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a fertilizer is produced by the first and second steps of the first to fourth steps of the first aspect of the invention, and a large amount of phosphorus and nitrogen separated in the second step. The fertilizer contains a large amount of phosphorus and nitrogen effective as a fertilizer and has a reduced amount of undesirable sodium salts as a fertilizer.
[0027]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, a fertilizer is manufactured by the first to third steps of the first to fourth steps of the first aspect of the invention, and the jellyfish suspension solution concentrated in the third step is produced. It was configured to be the desired fertilizer. For this reason, it is possible to obtain a fertilizer in which sodium salts, which are undesirable as a fertilizer, are reduced without reducing potassium, magnesium, and calcium effective as fertilizers as much as possible. Moreover, since the jellyfish suspension solution used as a fertilizer is concentrated, the volume can be reduced and the transportation cost can be reduced.
[0028]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first or third aspect of the present invention, the third step comprises heating the jellyfish suspension solution at 40 ° C. for a predetermined time under reduced pressure of 740 mmHg from atmospheric pressure. Since it is configured to be concentrated approximately 10 times, it is possible to more effectively reduce sodium salts which are not preferable as fertilizer.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002237248A JP3843305B2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2002-08-16 | How to make fertilizer from jellyfish |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2002237248A JP3843305B2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2002-08-16 | How to make fertilizer from jellyfish |
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| JP2004075450A true JP2004075450A (en) | 2004-03-11 |
| JP3843305B2 JP3843305B2 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007197281A (en) * | 2006-01-30 | 2007-08-09 | Kobe Univ | Method for producing fertilizer from jellyfish |
| JP2008074886A (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-04-03 | Ehime Univ | Soil modifying agent and method for modifying soil using the same |
| KR100847445B1 (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2008-07-21 | 이충렬 | Soil moisturizer and soil conditioner making method in use of medusa |
| KR100878903B1 (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-15 | 이충렬 | Soil fertilizer and plant metabolism activity fertilizer making Method in use of Medusa. |
-
2002
- 2002-08-16 JP JP2002237248A patent/JP3843305B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007197281A (en) * | 2006-01-30 | 2007-08-09 | Kobe Univ | Method for producing fertilizer from jellyfish |
| JP2008074886A (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-04-03 | Ehime Univ | Soil modifying agent and method for modifying soil using the same |
| KR100847445B1 (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2008-07-21 | 이충렬 | Soil moisturizer and soil conditioner making method in use of medusa |
| KR100878903B1 (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-15 | 이충렬 | Soil fertilizer and plant metabolism activity fertilizer making Method in use of Medusa. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3843305B2 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
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