JP2004067468A - Carbonizing apparatus and carbonizing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To instantly carbonize a waste material at an ultrahigh temperature to obtain a high purity carbonized product at a low cost without producing exhaust combustion gas or harmful byproducts. <P>SOLUTION: After a sealed container 60 housing a waste material 100 is evacuated by a vacuum apparatus 3, the waste material 100 in the sealed container 100 is irradiated with a converged beam 200 produced by a sun ray converging apparatus 1. Thus, the waste material can be instantly carbonized at an ultrahigh temperature to obtain a high purity carbonized product at a low cost without producing exhaust combustion gas or harmful byproducts. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus and a carbonization method for carbonizing and treating an object to be treated, and more particularly to an apparatus and method having a heating method for instantly treating waste as an object to be treated at an ultra-high temperature. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the disposal of household garbage and industrial waste has been an administrative issue that cannot be neglected by local governments, and most of the disposal methods are usually incinerated using auxiliary fuel such as heavy oil. In normal incineration, combustion is performed by oxygen.
[0003]
In addition, as a device that completely burns waste without using auxiliary fuel such as heavy oil and minimizes the generation of odors and harmful combustion gases, waste is dried by microwave heating under reduced pressure to remove water, and waste is removed. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-233931 discloses an incinerator in which a substance is sent to a combustion chamber to perform oxygen incineration.
[0004]
Furthermore, the organic wastes discharged by the livestock industry, the food industry, the food service industry, etc., are easily decomposed and produce a bad smell, which makes it difficult to dispose of such organic wastes. A furnace is used to carbonize and process it.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described normal combustion incineration requires a large amount of air to supply oxygen, which generates a large amount of combustion exhaust gas. At this time, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide gas And other harmful by-products. Therefore, an exhaust gas treatment device is required to remove these by-products, which is large and complicated, and there is a problem in that the cost of treating waste is increased.
[0006]
In the case of using microwave heating, waste is not directly burned by microwave heating, but is used only for drying the waste before combustion. Yes, the generation of combustion exhaust gas and the generation of harmful by-products cannot be completely eliminated, the dry waste itself must be flammable, and the types of waste to be treated are limited, Electric power was required for microwave heating, and the cost of treating waste could not be reduced.
[0007]
Furthermore, in the process of carbonizing organic waste, for example, electric power is used as a heat source of the carbonization furnace, so that carbonization costs are high, and the purity of the generated carbide is low, and carbon fibers produced from high-purity carbon and It could not be reused as a raw material such as carbon ceramic.
[0008]
The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, and an object of the present invention is to instantaneously carbonize waste at an extremely high temperature without generating combustion exhaust gas and harmful by-products. An object of the present invention is to provide a carbonization apparatus and a carbonization method capable of obtaining a carbide of high purity at low cost.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a first feature of the present invention is that a part is made of a light-transmitting member, a sealed container that stores an object to be processed, and a vacuum device that depressurizes and vacuums the inside of the sealed container, A convergent light beam is generated by converging sunlight with an optical system, and the generated convergent light beam is applied to the object to be processed in the closed container, and the convergent light beam is applied to the object to be processed. And a cooling device that cools the closed container.
[0010]
According to the above invention, the inside of the closed container storing the object to be processed is decompressed and evacuated, and the convergent light flux generated by converging the sunlight with the optical system is transmitted to the object to be processed in the closed container by the light transmitting portion. To carbonize the object to be treated. After cooling the closed container after irradiation, the internal carbide is taken out.
[0011]
A second feature of the present invention is that a pressurizing device is provided for recovering gas generated inside the cooled closed container and pressurizing the inside.
[0012]
A third feature of the present invention is that a sun tracking device that sequentially tracks the sun by moving the optical system that converges the sunlight in accordance with the diurnal motion is provided.
[0013]
A fourth feature of the present invention resides in that the reflecting surface of the parabolic concave condensing mirror that receives the sunlight and constitutes the optical system is plated with gold.
[0014]
A fifth feature of the present invention is that the concave parabolic condensing mirror that constitutes the optical system and receives sunlight is formed by assembling a plurality of reflecting mirrors, and an arbitrary reflecting mirror is separated from the concave mirror forming surface. It is possible to move to the specified position.
[0015]
A sixth feature of the present invention is that the total number of sunlight receiving areas of the parabolic concave condensing mirror is changed by adjusting the number of reflecting mirrors to be removed from the concave mirror forming surface.
[0016]
The plurality of reflecting mirrors forming the parabolic concave condensing mirror according to the seventh aspect of the present invention are pressed metal plates.
[0017]
An eighth feature of the present invention is that a flat reflecting mirror for changing a traveling direction of the convergent light beam generated by the optical system is provided, and the flat reflecting mirror is provided only when the closed container is located at an irradiation point of the convergent light beam. Is operated so that the convergent light beam travels to the irradiation point.
[0018]
According to a ninth feature of the present invention, in the carbonization method for carbonizing a processing target, the step of sealing the processing target in a vacuum space, and the step of converging sunlight with an optical system to generate a converged light flux. Irradiating the generated convergent light beam to a processing object sealed in the vacuum space.
[0019]
The step of sealing the object to be processed in a vacuum space according to the tenth feature of the present invention is that, after the object to be processed is filled in a closed container, the inside of the closed container is evacuated to a vacuum.
[0020]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration example of a carbonizing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The carbonization device automatically tracks the sun, generates a convergent light flux 200 of the sunlight, and irradiates the closed container (ceramic capsule) 60 made of ceramic with the sunlight. Object filling device 2, vacuum device 3 for evacuating the inside of closed container 60 filled with waste 100, cooling device 4 for cooling closed container 60 after irradiation of convergent light beam 200, inside closed container 60 after cooling And a transport device 6 such as a belt conveyor for transporting the closed container 60 between the above-described devices. In addition, a control system using a computer or the like that detects the position of the sealed container 60 moved by the transport device 6 with a sensor and controls the above-described devices comprehensively based on the position to carbonize the waste 100. Are provided, but are not shown in order to avoid complication of the drawing.
[0021]
Here, the configuration of the solar converging device 1 will be described in more detail. The solar converging device 1 supports an optical system including optical components such as a parabolic concave condensing mirror M1, a hyperboloid convex reflecting mirror M2, and plane reflecting mirrors M3 and M4, and supports this optical system. It comprises a coup equatorial mount 11 having a sun tracking function for automatically tracking the sun by rotating two axes of the RA axis 13.
[0022]
The optical system of this device is a reflection Cassegrain type combining surface-plated reflectors. Sunlight is converged by a parabolic concave condensing mirror M1 (diameter = Φ4 m) as a primary mirror and a hyperboloid convex reflecting mirror M2 (diameter = Φ1 m) as a secondary mirror. The converged sunlight travels along the DEC axis by the plane reflecting mirrors M3 and M4 (diameter = Φ80 to 52 cm), and further travels along the RA axis to converge the convergent light beam 200 (in this example, closed). It is guided to the container 60) and irradiated. Therefore, the sunlight irradiation point is the waste 100 inside the closed container 60, and this is the combustion point. The sunlight irradiation point is a position where the amount of sunlight incident from the parabolic concave converging mirror M1 is compressed, for example, 1040 times, and is located 6.5 m behind the plane reflecting mirror M4.
[0023]
The optical system is supported by a coup equatorial mount 11 as shown in FIG. In this equatorial mount 11, two axes, a DEC axis for introducing the solar altitude and an RA axis for tracking the movement of the sun, are rotated, and both axes are controlled by a computer (not shown) to automatically and automatically track the moving sun. I do. As a characteristic of the coup-type, the converged sunlight flux is always emitted backward of the polar axis (RA) regardless of the position of the sun.
[0024]
Note that this optical system is not intended to obtain an image of the target object, but to converge only the amount of heat.Therefore, the accuracy of each optical surface does not require the strict polishing accuracy required by a telescope. The reflecting surface of the mirror can be sufficiently utilized by pressing a metal plate. In particular, the parabolic concave condensing mirror M1, which is a 4-meter primary mirror, has a concave surface formed by a plurality of pressed metal plate reflecting mirrors 111 as shown in FIG. Is connected so as to be rotatable about the outer periphery of the umbrella, and is foldable, has an umbrella-like structure, has a compact shape, and is easy to move and install. Further, by setting the angles of the reflecting mirrors 111a and 111b off the axis of the hyperboloid convex reflecting mirror M2 by setting a part of the plurality of reflecting mirrors 111a and 111b at an angle from the concave mirror forming surface without opening them, The amount of heat at the irradiation point of the convergent light beam 200 can be changed.
[0025]
That is, the amount of heat of the sun constantly changes depending on the season and other weather. Therefore, the amount of solar heat required for the purpose of irradiation must be constantly controlled. Therefore, depending on the amount of irradiation heat, a part (111a, 111b) of each of the reflecting mirrors 111 constituting the parabolic concave condensing mirror M1 is removed from the concave mirror forming surface as described above, and a part (L ') of the light flux is changed. The amount of heat at the irradiation point of the convergent light beam 200 can be changed by guiding the curved concave reflecting mirror M2 off-axis and controlling the total light receiving area of the parabolic concave reflecting mirror M1. Furthermore, since the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 111 is plated with pure gold, it reflects sunlight of a wavelength of 600 nm to 2100 nm, so that a convergent light beam 200 of a wavelength of 600 nm to 2100 nm obtained by cutting ultraviolet rays can be obtained.
[0026]
In order to prevent danger, it is necessary to shut off the converged high-heat sunlight flux during the replacement work of the closed container 60 that is the irradiation target. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 3, the plane reflecting mirror M4 can rotate 90 degrees from position a to position b around an axis (T axis) perpendicular to the plane where the DEC axis and the RA axis are orthogonal. I have. Normally, the plane reflecting mirror M4 is located at the position b and directs the light flux converging from the plane reflecting mirror M3 in the opposite direction to the closed container 60, that is, toward the sky. Plays the role of a shutter to keep it from advancing.
[0027]
FIG. 4 is a partial side sectional view and a front view showing a structural example of the closed container 60 described above. The sealed container 60 is composed of a cylindrical body 61 made of ceramic and a stainless steel lid 62 having a heat-resistant and pressure-resistant glass 63 attached to a central portion. The lid 62 is sandwiched between the main body 61 and a heat-resistant vacuum packing 64. By mounting with screws (not shown), the inside of the main body 61 can be hermetically sealed. A vacuum check valve 65 used to evacuate the inside of the main body 61 is attached to a side surface of the main body 61. In addition, the closed container 60 may be made of a material in which the entire lid 62 is made of heat-resistant and pressure-resistant glass, and may have a structure in which the ceramic main body 61 is covered with stainless steel.
[0028]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When the empty sealed container 60 is carried to the waste filling device 2 by the transport device 6, the lid 62 is removed and the waste 100 is filled into the main body 61 by the waste filling device 2 (step). S1). Then, after the lid 62 is airtightly fastened to the main body 61, the lid 62 is further transported to the vacuum device 3 by the transport device 6.
[0029]
The sealed container 60 carried to the vacuum device 3 is connected to the check valve 65 for vacuum and the pipe 31 of the vacuum device 3, and the inside air is evacuated to make a vacuum (step S2). After that, the vacuumed closed container 60 is transported by the transport device 6 to the irradiation position of the convergent light beam 200 from the sunlight converging device 1. At that time, the closed container 60 arrives at the irradiation position at a predetermined inclination with respect to the vertical direction by a guide (not shown).
[0030]
As described above, the plane reflecting mirror M4 of the sunlight converging device 1 is normally at the position indicated by the broken line in FIG. 3B, but when the closed container 60 reaches the irradiation position of the converging light beam 200, a control system (not shown) operates. It is rotated about the T axis and fixed at the position indicated by the solid line a. For this reason, the convergent light beam 200 from the plane reflecting mirror M3 is reflected by the plane reflecting mirror M4 and advances toward the closed container 60 at the tip of the RA axis. The light passes through the portion and is irradiated on the waste 100 in the closed container 60 (step S3).
[0031]
As a result, the waste 100 is instantaneously (several tens of seconds) heated to about 1000 ° C. to 2000 ° C. and carbonized, and becomes a high-purity carbide. At that time, the gas generated from the waste 100 is also decomposed to almost elements due to the extremely high temperature, and no harmful by-product is generated. When a predetermined time (several tens of seconds) elapses after the irradiation of the convergent light beam 200 is started, the plane reflecting mirror M4 of the solar light converging device 1 is rotated from the position of the solid line of a to the position of the broken line of b by the control system. The irradiation of the convergent light beam 200 to the waste 100 in the fixed container 60 is stopped.
[0032]
The closed container 60 after the irradiation of the convergent light beam 200 is conveyed into the cooling device 4 by the transport device 6 and cooled by air (step S4). The sealing device 60 cooled in this way is carried to the pressurizing device 5 by the transport device 6. The sealed container 60 conveyed to the pressurizing device 5 is connected to the vacuum check valve 65 and the piping 51 of the pressurizing device 5, and the inside gas is extracted and collected, and also filled with clean air. Then, the pressure is increased to the atmospheric pressure (step S5).
[0033]
When the sealed container 60 pressurized to the atmospheric pressure is further transported by the transporting device 6 and arrives at the carbide waste treatment section A, the lid 62 is removed, and the internal carbide is taken out to be collected and emptied ( Step S6). The empty closed container 60 with the lid 62 closed is further transported by the transport device 6 and returns to the original waste filling device 2.
[0034]
According to the present embodiment, by irradiating the condensed light beam 200 to the waste 100 inside the vacuum sealed container 60, the waste 100 can be instantaneously carbonized at an extremely high temperature. Accordingly, no harmful combustion gas is generated, and gases generated in the carbonization process are decomposed into elements, so that the waste 100 can be carbonized without generating harmful by-products. In addition, since the carbonization of the waste 100 is performed in the closed container 60, it can be performed extremely cleanly without emitting odor and decomposition gas to the surroundings. Moreover, since the convergent luminous flux 200 of sunlight is used as a heat source, the fuel cost and electricity cost are not required, and the waste 100 can be carbonized at an extremely low price. Further, since carbonization is performed at an ultra-high temperature, it is possible to treat chemical substances such as PCB regardless of the type of the object to be treated.
[0035]
Elements such as hydrogen generated during carbonization of the waste 100 are recovered by the pressurizing device 5 and reused, so that gas generated during carbonization is not released into the air, thereby eliminating air pollution. be able to.
[0036]
Furthermore, the generated carbides are reused in various fields such as civil engineering and agriculture. However, since the carbides obtained by carbonizing the waste 100 in this example are treated at an ultra-high temperature, impurities are decomposed and fly. Since it is a high-purity carbide, the collected carbide can be reused as a raw material such as carbon fiber or carbon ceramic. In addition, since this carbide can be obtained at an extremely low price, it is possible to produce and supply high-purity, high-value-added carbide at low cost, and to use the proceeds from selling the high-purity carbide for operating costs of the carbonization equipment. Further, the cost of treating the waste 100 can be reduced.
[0037]
In the case of treating beef bone as the waste 100, a new cycle in which the dried beef bone is subjected to carbonization without pollution, odorless, and smokeless as it is in the closed container 60, and reused as the obtained carbide. It can be constructed and can solve the problem of processing beef bone meat which cannot be reused as beef bone meal at once.
[0038]
Furthermore, since the convergent light flux 200 of sunlight is used as a heat source, the heat output thereof depends on the weather, but a part of the plurality of reflecting mirrors 111 forming the parabolic concave condensing mirror M1 of the solar light converging device 1 is used. By removing the reflecting mirror 111 from the concave mirror forming surface or returning the removed reflecting mirror 111 to the original concave mirror forming surface, thereby changing the total light receiving area of the sunlight of the solar light converging device 1 to change the amount of heat of the convergent light flux 200. Can be. Thus, the amount of heat of the convergent light beam 200 can be controlled to be substantially constant by the control system depending on how the cloud emerges, and the carbonization can be stably performed with the set amount of heat.
[0039]
Further, in this example, the surface of the reflecting mirror 111 is plated with pure gold so that the use wavelength of sunlight is 600 nm to 2100 nm, thereby promoting a chemical change and excluding an ultraviolet region which is easily absorbed by clouds and the like. In the case of a thin cloud, the change in the amount of heat of the convergent light flux 200 can be prevented from being affected so much. In addition, by controlling the amount of heat of the convergent light beam 200, it is possible to perform extremely stable carbonization processing with the amount of heat set for a slight change in weather.
[0040]
Further, the shutter function of the plane reflecting mirror M4 of the solar light converging device 1 prevents the convergent light beam 200 from being irradiated when the closed container 60 does not exist at the irradiation point of the convergent light beam 200, so that the operation can be performed safely. it can.
[0041]
In addition, the solar converging device 1 uses an inexpensive pressed metal plate as its reflecting mirror, and the parabolic concave condensing mirror M1 is also about 4 m in size. Can be manufactured. Further, since the waste filling device 2, the vacuum device 3, the cooling device 4, the pressurizing device 5, and the transporting device 6 are not special devices and are not so expensive, the construction cost of the entire carbonizing device can be considerably reduced. (Approximately half of the material processing apparatus). Here, when the above-mentioned 4-m parabolic concave condensing mirror M1 is used, there is a trial calculation that if it is operated for 8 hours a day, it can process about 4320 tons of beef bone meat and beef bone powder per month. Can be obtained.
[0042]
Furthermore, in this example, the waste 100 is filled in the closed container 60, and the filled waste 100 is irradiated with the convergent light beam 200 and carbonized. By adjusting, it is possible to flexibly cope with the processing amount of the waste 100. That is, when the amount of waste 100 to be treated is small, the number of closed containers 60 may be reduced, and when the amount of waste 100 is large, the number of closed containers 60 may be increased. In addition, by using the closed container 60, the dairy farmer can directly fill the closed container 60 with the dried beef bone and bring it to the carbonization device, so that the beef bone can be collected flexibly.
[0043]
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration example of a carbonization device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. However, the same parts as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
[0044]
The carbonization apparatus of this example automatically tracks the sun, generates a convergent light flux 200 of the sunlight, and irradiates the closed vessel 60 made of ceramic with the sunlight. The filling device 2, the vacuum device 3 for evacuating the inside of the closed container 60 filled with the waste 100, the cooling device 4 for cooling the closed container 60 after the irradiation of the convergent light beam 200, and the closed container 60 between the above-described devices. It is configured to have a transport device 6 such as a belt conveyor for transporting the air. However, the main points different from the first embodiment are that there is no processing for pressurizing the inside of the closed container 60 after cooling, The point is that the plane reflecting mirror M5 is added to the solar light converging device 1, and the traveling direction of the convergent light beam 200 is further changed so that the convergent light beam 200 is irradiated onto the closed container 60 from the vertical direction.
[0045]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. The process until the inside of the sealed container 60 is evacuated by the vacuum device 3 is the same as in the first embodiment. Thereafter, the sealed container 60 is carried to the sunlight converging device 1 while standing on the transport device 6. When the closed container 60 reaches the irradiation point of the solar converging device 1, the plane reflecting mirror M4 of the solar converging device 1 rotates, and the convergent light beam 200 travels in the direction of the plane reflecting mirror M5. , The traveling direction is changed, and the convergent light flux 200 is irradiated onto the waste 100 in the closed container 60 from the upper vertical direction of the closed container 60 to carbonize the waste 100.
[0046]
Thereafter, the sealed container 60 is conveyed to the cooling device 4 and air-cooled. At this time, the inside of the sealed container 60 enters the atmosphere from the check valve 65 for vacuum and is naturally brought to the atmospheric pressure state. Therefore, the vacuum check valve 65 attached to the closed vessel 60 of the present embodiment has a structure capable of performing the above operation. Therefore, if a large amount of gas is generated when the waste 100 in the closed container 60 is carbonized and the pressure in the closed container 60 becomes higher than the atmospheric pressure, the check valve 65 for vacuum is opened and the internal gas is discharged to the outside. To be released. This prevents the inside of the sealed container 60 from becoming high pressure, so that accidents such as the explosion of the sealed container 60 can be prevented, and the operation can be performed safely.
[0047]
The closed container 60 cooled to the atmospheric pressure is opened with the lid 62, and the high-purity carbide inside is taken out and collected.
[0048]
According to the present embodiment, since the convergent light beam 200 is irradiated onto the waste 100 of the closed container 60 from the upper vertical direction of the closed container 60, the closed container 60 is transported to the irradiation point of the solar light converging device 1. Sometimes, there is no need to provide mechanical equipment such as a guide for tilting the sealed container 60, and there is no equipment for pressurizing the inside of the sealed container 60 after irradiating the convergent light flux 200, so that the transport mechanism of the sealed container 60 is simplified. be able to. In addition, since the convergent light beam 200 is emitted from the upper vertical direction of the closed container 60, the structure is suitable for a case where the transportation equipment of the closed container 60 is installed underground or the like. Other effects are the same as those of the first embodiment, except that the gas in the closed container 60 generated when the waste 100 is carbonized is not recovered.
[0049]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be embodied in various other forms with specific configurations, functions, operations, and effects without departing from the gist thereof. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the ultraviolet light region is excluded by setting the use wavelength of the solar light to 600 nm to 2100 nm. However, when the surface of the reflecting mirror 111 is not pure gold-plated and the solar light is used including the ultraviolet light region, a thin cloud is used. Although the ultraviolet ray region is extremely weakened even when the light is generated, it is disadvantageous to obtain a stable calorific value. However, it may be convenient to treat the organic waste by the sterilizing effect of the ultraviolet ray.
[0050]
In the above embodiment, the parabolic concave converging mirror M1 is formed by a plurality of metal plate reflecting mirrors 111. However, when the parabolic concave condensing mirror M1 is formed by one reflecting mirror, the amount of heat of the convergent light flux 200 is reduced. The adjustment can be performed by using a lid having a diaphragm function in front of the parabolic concave condensing mirror M1 and has the same effect.
[0051]
The carbonization apparatus according to the above embodiment mainly discusses aspects of the waste treatment apparatus that treats the waste 100 by carbonizing the waste 100 with the convergent light beam 200. However, this carbonization apparatus produces high-purity carbide. It also has the side to do. In this case, the object to be carbonized by the convergent light beam 200 is not a waste, but an appropriate substance that becomes a raw material of high-purity carbide may be selected. There is an effect that production can be performed at a very low cost without producing a product.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the first, ninth, and tenth aspects of the present invention, when irradiating a convergent light beam on a processing object sealed in a vacuum container, the processing object is regarded as waste. In addition, the waste can be carbonized instantaneously at an ultra-high temperature without generating combustion exhaust gas and harmful by-products, and a high-purity carbide can be obtained at low cost.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, by collecting the gas generated during carbonization without releasing it to the atmosphere, it is possible to not only pollute the atmosphere but also collect and reuse useful by-products such as hydrogen.
According to the third aspect of the invention, by automatically tracking the sun, a convergent luminous flux of the sunlight can be always obtained, and the carbonization can be continuously performed without interruption.
According to the invention of claim 4, by applying gold plating to the concave parabolic condensing mirror, a convergent light flux having a wavelength of 600 nm to 2100 nm from which ultraviolet rays have been removed can be obtained, thereby promoting unnecessary chemical reaction of the object to be treated. In addition, if the thickness is about thin cloud, the same amount of processing heat as when there is no cloud can be stably obtained.
According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention, by removing an arbitrary number of reflecting mirrors constituting the parabolic concave converging mirror from the concave mirror forming surface, the total light receiving area of the parabolic concave converging mirror is changed to change the convergent light flux. The amount of heat can be adjusted.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the plurality of reflecting mirrors constituting the parabolic concave condensing mirror are made of a pressed metal plate, so that the cost of the solar light converging device can be reduced.
According to the invention of claim 8, the safety of the apparatus can be ensured by irradiating the convergent light beam only when the closed container containing the object to be processed is located at the irradiation point.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration example of a carbonization device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a structural example of a parabolic concave condensing mirror forming an optical system of the sunlight converging device shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a shutter function of a plane reflecting mirror M4 forming an optical system of the sunlight converging device shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partial side sectional view and a front view showing a structural example of the closed container shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a process of carbonizing the waste in the carbonizing apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration example of a carbonization device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 solar converging device 2 waste filling device 3 vacuum device 4 cooling device 5 pressurizing device 6 transport device 11 coup equatorial mount 31, 51 piping 60 closed container 61 main body 62 lid 63 heat-resistant pressure-resistant glass 64 vacuum packing 65 reverse for vacuum Stop valve 111 Reflector M1 Parabolic concave reflector M2 Hyperbolic convex reflector M3, M4, M5 Planar reflector

Claims (10)

A sealed container that is partially made of a light transmitting member and stores the object to be processed,
A vacuum device for decompressing the inside of the closed container to make a vacuum,
A sunlight converging device that converges sunlight with an optical system to generate a convergent light beam, and irradiates the generated convergent light beam to the object to be processed in the closed container;
A cooling device that cools the closed container after irradiating the processing object with the convergent light beam,
A carbonization device comprising: The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a pressurizing device that collects gas generated inside the cooled closed container and pressurizes the inside. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a sun tracking device that sequentially tracks the sun by moving the optical system that converges the sunlight in accordance with a diurnal motion. The carbonization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the optical system is configured, and the reflecting surface of the concave parabolic condensing mirror that receives sunlight is plated with gold. Constituting the optical system, the parabolic concave condensing mirror for receiving sunlight, is formed by collecting a plurality of reflecting mirrors, and can be moved to a position where any reflecting mirror is removed from the concave mirror forming surface. The carbonizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The carbonization apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the total number of sunlight receiving areas of the parabolic concave condensing mirror is changed by adjusting the number of reflecting mirrors to be removed from the concave mirror forming surface. The carbonizing device according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of reflecting mirrors forming the parabolic concave condensing mirror are pressed metal plates. Providing a plane reflecting mirror for changing the traveling direction of the convergent light beam generated by the optical system, operating the plane reflecting mirror only when the closed container is located at the irradiation point of the convergent light beam, the convergent light beam is The carbonization device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the carbonization device is configured to advance to an irradiation point. In a carbonization method for carbonizing an object to be treated,
Sealing the processing object in a vacuum space,
Converging sunlight with an optical system to generate a converged light flux;
Irradiating the processing object sealed in the vacuum space with the generated convergent light beam,
A carbonization method characterized by comprising: The method according to claim 9, wherein the step of sealing the object to be processed in a vacuum space includes filling the object to be processed into an airtight container and then reducing the pressure inside the airtight container to a vacuum. The carbonization method described.

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