JP2004062355A - Method and program for cutting groove shape, and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress occurrence of troubles such as step-out of a motor when a groove shape is engraved by using a tool. <P>SOLUTION: In the groove shape cutting method for forming the groove shape by cutting a workpiece by the tool, the tool cuts the workpiece in the depth direction of the groove shape to be formed on the workpiece while selectively and repeatedly moving a 1st moving route on the workpiece and a 2nd moving route finely shifted from the 1st moving route in the surface direction of the workpiece and the groove shape is formed by the 1st moving route and the 2nd moving route which are cut by the movement of the tool. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a groove-shaped cutting method, a program, and a storage medium, and more particularly, to a method of moving a tool in three-dimensional cutting such as cutting a workpiece using a tool such as a cutter or an end mill. A cutting method, a program, and a storage medium suitable for use in, for example, a cutting method, a program suitable for cutting an outermost peripheral portion of a workpiece in a spiral tool path as described below. And storage media.
[0002]
In this specification, a “tool” means a tool such as a cutter or an end mill that cuts a workpiece by contacting the workpiece.
[0003]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a microcomputer, a table on which a workpiece is placed, tools such as a cutter and an end mill for cutting the workpiece, a motor for moving the table and the tool in predetermined directions under the control of the microcomputer, etc. The driving device is driven by a microcomputer based on the cutting data to move the relative positional relationship between the workpiece placed on the table and the tool in a three-dimensional direction. 2. Description of the Related Art A three-dimensional cutting apparatus that can cut a three-dimensional shape from a workpiece based on cutting data is widely known.
[0004]
As one of such three-dimensional cutting devices, for example, there is one proposed by the present applicant as Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-197624 “Processing Device” (filing date: June 29, 2001).
[0005]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration explanatory view (perspective view) of a processing apparatus proposed by the present applicant as Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-197624.
[0006]
The three-dimensional cutting apparatus 10 includes a fixed base member 12 extending in the XY plane direction in an XYZ orthogonal coordinate system (refer to a reference diagram showing the coordinate system in FIG. 1), and a rear portion of the base member 12. A rear member 14 erected vertically on the base member 12 on the side, a support shaft 16 erected vertically on the base member 12 near the front surface 14a side of the rear member 14, and an upper end of the support shaft 16. A support arm 18 rotatably disposed, an up-down mechanism fixedly mounted on the support shaft 16 such that a push-up roller abuts on a lower surface of the support arm 18, and an upper surface 18c of the support arm 18 And a cutter 24 fixedly disposed on the protruding portion 14b at the upper end of the rear member 14 such that the blade portion 24a faces the upper surface 22a of the table 22.
[0007]
Here, the cutter 24 is supported by the cutter holder 70 and fixedly disposed on the protruding portion 14 b at the upper end of the rear member 14. The position where the cutter 24 is disposed on the protruding portion 14 b of the rear member 14 is dimensioned such that the blade portion 24 a of the cutter 24 faces the center of the table 22.
[0008]
Reference numerals 36, 48, 66, and 82 denote motors, and the three-dimensional cutting apparatus 10 is such that the entire operation including drive control of the motors 36, 48, 66, and 82 is controlled by the microcomputer 100. is there.
[0009]
The cutting data used in the three-dimensional cutting device 10 indicates a predetermined three-dimensional shape, and a predetermined three-dimensional shape is cut out in a predetermined processing region of the workpiece 200. I have.
[0010]
In the above configuration, the operation of the above-described three-dimensional cutting apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
[0011]
First, the workpiece 200 is placed on the table 22 of the three-dimensional cutting device 10 in the state shown in FIG.
[0012]
In the following description, the case where the position in the XY plane direction and the position in the Z axis direction of the support arm 18 of the three-dimensional cutting device 10 are in the state shown in FIG. It will be described as an initial state of the device 10.
[0013]
In the initial state, the support arm 18 of the three-dimensional cutting device 10 rotates on a rotation plane that coincides with the XY plane direction in the XY plane direction (see the arrow C illustrated in FIG. 1A), and is the leftmost side. In the Z-axis direction, the upper surface 18c of the support arm 18 is in a horizontal state in conformity with the XY plane at a predetermined height position in the Z-axis direction.
[0014]
In such an initial state, the workpiece 200 mounted on the table 22 of the three-dimensional cutting apparatus 10 is an object having a three-dimensional spatial spread, and the object has a predetermined shape. I do.
[0015]
In this embodiment, a description will be given assuming that a substantially disc-shaped workpiece 200 is placed on the table 22. The processing area of the workpiece 200 is a circular area centered on the center 200P of the upper surface 200a of the workpiece 200 (see the broken area in FIGS. 1A and 1B).
[0016]
Then, the worker makes the lower surface of the workpiece 200 face the upper surface 22a of the table 22 so that the center 200P of the processing area on the upper surface 200a of the workpiece 200 coincides with the center of the table 22. The workpiece 200 is placed on the upper surface 22a of the table 22. Thus, when the support arm 18 moves rightward in the XY plane, the center 200P of the processing area of the workpiece 200 is opposed to the blade portion 24a of the cutter 24.
[0017]
When the workpiece 200 is placed on the table 22 of the three-dimensional cutting device 10 in the initial state as described above, the microcomputer 100 controls the motors 36, 48, 66, The drive of each is controlled.
[0018]
Specifically, the support arm 18 is rotated from the left side to the right side in the rotation plane coinciding with the XY plane direction from the initial state (the state shown in FIG. (See arrow B shown in FIG. 1A).
[0019]
At this time, by driving the motor 66, the table 22 on which the workpiece 200 is placed rotates about the support shaft as a rotation center (see an arrow D shown in FIG. 1A).
[0020]
Further, the driving of the motor 48 causes the support arm 18 to rotate about the support shaft 42 as a center of rotation, and the support member 18b on which the table 22 is disposed to move up and down in the Z-axis direction.
[0021]
As a result, the cutter 24 moves in the three-dimensional direction along the spiral moving path from the outer peripheral side of the processing area to the center 200P in the circular processing area of the workpiece 200 to be opposed.
[0022]
At this time, when the cutter 24 rotated by the drive of the motor 82 comes into contact with the processing area of the workpiece 200, the workpiece 200 is cut by the blade portion 24 a of the cutter 24, and cut from the processing area of the workpiece 200. The three-dimensional shape indicated by the data is cut out.
[0023]
Then, the rotation of the support arm 18 in the rotation plane coinciding with the XY plane direction from the left side to the right side (see the arrow B shown in FIG. 1A) proceeds, and reaches the radius of the circular processing area. Then, the blade portion 24a of the cutter 24 comes to face the center 200P of the processing area. Thus, the cutting is completed in the entire processing region, and a series of cutting operations in the three-dimensional cutting device 10 is completed.
[0024]
Accordingly, the rotation of the support arm 18 in the XY plane direction (see the arrow B or C shown in FIG. 1A) and the rotation of the table 22 (see the arrow D or E shown in FIG. 1A) The position of the workpiece 200 facing the blade portion 24a of the cutter 24 changes in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
[0025]
Further, the rotation of the support arm 18 about the support shaft 42 as a rotation center causes the blade portion 24 a of the cutter 24 to cut into the workpiece 200, that is, the Z-axis direction of the blade portion 24 a of the cutter 24 with respect to the workpiece 200. Changes.
[0026]
That is, the workpiece 200 mounted on the table 22 can move in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction with respect to the cutter 24 fixedly disposed on the rear member 14. The relative positional relationship between the workpiece 24 and the workpiece 200 changes in a three-dimensional direction, and the workpiece 24 is three-dimensionally processed by the cutter 24.
[0027]
As described above, in the three-dimensional cutting apparatus 10, the support arm 18 rotates about the support shaft 16 in the XY plane direction and rotates about the support shaft 42, and is disposed on the support arm 18. Since the table 22 is rotated around the support shaft 62, the relative positional relationship between the workpiece 200 and the cutter 24 as a tool can be changed in a three-dimensional direction with a simple configuration.
[0028]
Further, in the three-dimensional cutting apparatus 10, when the cutter 24 cuts the processing area of the workpiece 200 according to the cutting data, the cutter 24 follows a spiral movement path from the outer peripheral side of the processing area to the center 200P. Since it moves in the three-dimensional direction, cutting in the entire processing region can be completed with high quality in a short time.
[0029]
That is, in the above-described three-dimensional cutting apparatus 10, the moving path of the cutter 24 as a tool is a moving path that spirally cuts from the outside to the inside relative to the workpiece 200.
[0030]
In the present specification, the path of the tool when the tool moves spirally from the outside to the inside relative to the workpiece and performs cutting is referred to as a “spiral tool path”. I do.
[0031]
By the way, when cutting a workpiece with the above-mentioned spiral tool path using a tool, as shown in FIG. It is necessary to cut spirally to the depth set in.
[0032]
That is, when cutting with a spiral tool path using a tool, as an initial stage, by cutting the outermost periphery of the processing region in a spiral shape, the depth set by the cutting data at the outermost periphery of the processing region. It is necessary to form the groove shape.
[0033]
However, when the outermost periphery of the processing area is spirally cut to form a groove shape, the tool moves along a circumferential movement path having the same radius on the XY plane on the workpiece, and the cutting data is formed. When cutting is performed to dig down the groove shape to the depth set in the above, theoretically appropriate cutting conditions (the type of tool and material of the workpiece, the moving speed of the tool and the cutting depth of the tool (the depth of the groove shape) However, there is a possibility that problems such as motor out-of-synchronism may occur even when cutting is performed under conditions (related to the movement of the tool at the time of cutting) set according to the amount of change in cutting in the cutting direction).
[0034]
More generally, when a groove is dug down along the same moving path (a circle having the same radius in the case of a spiral tool path) using a tool, the width of the groove is substantially the same as the tool diameter. However, it has been pointed out that in such cutting, even if theoretically appropriate cutting conditions are set, problems such as motor step-out frequently occur.
[0035]
In other words, when the groove is dug down along the same movement path using a tool, the cutting load becomes higher than the value assumed from the cutting conditions as the groove becomes deeper, and the groove shape becomes the depth set by the cutting data. However, there is a problem that a cutting operation is stopped before forming the hole.
[0036]
According to the research of the present inventor, these problems are presumed to be caused by the following points.
[0037]
That is, in theory, when the groove is dug down along the same moving path (the same radius in the case of the spiral tool path) using the tool, both the wall surfaces rising from the bottom of the groove are formed at the tip of the tool. (Hereinafter, the “diameter of the tip portion of the tool” will be referred to as “tool diameter” as appropriate) in order to be separated from each other in the groove shape along the extending direction of the groove shape. Movement should not create any unpredictable resistance that deviates from theory. However, in actuality, the tool or workpiece undergoes “blur” or “deflection” during cutting, and the tool or workpiece undergoes “blur” or “deflection”. It is presumed that the theoretical cutting shape in which both wall surfaces rising from the bottom portion of the groove shape have a tool diameter separated from each other is not obtained. For this reason, the distance between the two wall surfaces rising from the bottom portion of the groove shape becomes narrower than the tool diameter, and the deeper the groove shape, the more contact with the both wall surfaces when the tool moves along the extending direction of the groove shape. It is presumed that the contact resistance between the tool and the two wall surfaces increases, and a more unpredictable load than expected under the cutting conditions occurs on the tool. Furthermore, when the groove shape becomes deeper, there is no place for the cutting waste to escape, the cutting waste accumulates in the groove shape, the tool comes into contact with the cutting waste, and the contact resistance between the tool and the cutting waste becomes larger. It is presumed that an unpredictable load is generated on the tool, which is higher than expected under the cutting conditions.
[0038]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described various problems of the related art, and has as its object the purpose of digging down a groove shape using a tool, such as motor step-out. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method, a program, and a storage medium for cutting a groove shape so that the above-mentioned problem does not occur.
[0039]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for forming a groove shape by cutting a workpiece using a tool, wherein the tool is displaced by a small amount between the first movement path and the first movement path. The second moving path is selectively moved to form a groove shape, so that the workpiece can be cut in a state where the tool is in contact with only one wall surface of the groove shape. Things.
[0040]
Therefore, according to the present invention, when a groove is formed by cutting a workpiece using a tool, the width of the formed groove is larger than the tool diameter, and the tool is formed on one side of the groove. Since the groove shape can be formed on the workpiece in a state of being in contact with only the wall surface of the workpiece, the cutting load is greatly reduced, and occurrence of troubles such as motor out-of-step can be suppressed.
[0041]
Here, when the tool selectively moves between the first movement path and the second movement path, the tool moves alternately each time the tool moves once on the first movement path and the second movement path. Alternatively, the tool may alternately move the first movement path and the second movement path every predetermined number of times. Further, the numbers of times when the tool moves on the first movement path and the second movement path do not necessarily have to match each other.
[0042]
Further, the above-mentioned minute amount may be, for example, about half of the tool diameter, about one-fourth of the tool diameter, or about the amount of change when the tool moves in the depth direction of the groove shape.
[0043]
Furthermore, the above-mentioned minute amount may be set to, for example, about the resolution of the tool movement in an apparatus for performing the cutting method of the present invention.
[0044]
Furthermore, the above-mentioned minute amount depends on, for example, the cutting conditions (the type of the material of the tool and the workpiece, the moving speed of the tool, and the cutting amount of the tool (the amount of change in cutting in the depth direction of the groove shape)). The conditions may be set as appropriate according to the set conditions for the movement of the tool during cutting.
[0045]
That is, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a groove-shaped cutting method in which a workpiece is cut using a tool to form a groove. The tool moves the first moving path on the workpiece and the first moving path selectively and repeatedly along a second moving path slightly shifted in the surface direction of the workpiece. The cutting is performed in the depth direction of the groove formed in the workpiece, and the tool is moved to form the groove by the first moving path and the second moving path cut. .
[0046]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the outermost periphery of the processing area of the workpiece is spirally cut by a spiral tool path using a tool, and the outermost periphery of the processing area of the workpiece is obtained. In the cutting method for forming a groove on the workpiece, when the tool cuts the workpiece, the tool moves the first moving path corresponding to the outermost periphery of a processing region on the workpiece and the first moving path. A groove shape formed on the workpiece while selectively and repeatedly moving along a second movement path located on the inner diameter side or the outer diameter side by a minute amount in the surface direction of the workpiece relative to the diameter of the movement path of the workpiece. And the first moving path and the second moving path, which are cut by the movement of the tool, form a groove shape.
[0047]
In the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention, in the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention, the tool selectively repeats the first movement path and the second movement path. When moving, the tool completes the movement between the first movement path and the second movement path while moving about half of the outermost circumference on the workpiece. is there.
[0048]
The invention described in claim 4 of the present invention is the invention according to any one of claims 1, 2, or 3 of the present invention, wherein the minute amount is the work piece. The diameter of the tip of the tool that comes in contact with the tool is not more than one-fourth of the diameter of the tool.
[0049]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first, second, and third aspects of the present invention, the tool is provided by the tool. The amount of cutting in the depth direction of the groove shape every time the first moving path or the second moving path is moved is equal to or less than the amount of change.
[0050]
The invention described in claim 6 of the present invention provides the computer according to any one of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, or claim 5 of the present invention. This is a program to be executed.
[0051]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium storing the program according to the sixth aspect of the present invention.
[0052]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of a method for cutting a groove shape, a program, and a storage medium according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0053]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a three-dimensional cutting apparatus that implements the groove-shaped cutting method according to the present invention. The block diagram shown in FIG. 3 shows an electric control system for controlling the operation of the three-dimensional cutting apparatus that implements the groove shape cutting method according to the present invention. The mechanical structure of the three-dimensional cutting apparatus that has performed the cutting method can adopt the same structure as the three-dimensional cutting apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0054]
Further, in order to simplify the description and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the same or equivalent configuration as that of the three-dimensional cutting apparatus 10 shown in FIG. Will be shown using the same reference numerals as those used in.
[0055]
In the three-dimensional cutting apparatus, the entire operation is controlled by a microcomputer 100. The microcomputer 100 operates a central processing unit (CPU) 100a that controls the entire operation and a CPU 100a. A read-only memory (ROM) 100b in which the program of the above is stored, a cutting data storage unit 100c-1 for storing cutting data read from an external storage device 106 (described later) under the control of the CPU 100a, and A random access memory (RAM) 100c in which a working area 100c-2 and the like when the cutting process according to the present invention is performed is set.
[0056]
An input device such as a keyboard for selecting desired cutting data from a plurality of cutting data stored in the external storage device 106 via the bus 102, An input device 104 including a pointing device such as a mouse; an external storage device 106 including a hard disk storing a plurality of cutting data indicating various three-dimensional machining shapes for the workpiece 200; Are connected to the motors 36, 48, 66, 82 for driving.
[0057]
In the above-described configuration, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional cutting apparatus is configured such that when a user selects cutting data indicating a desired three-dimensional processing shape stored in the external storage device 106 using the input device 104, The selected cutting data is stored in the cutting data storage unit 100c-1 of the RAM 100c, and the three-dimensional processing shape indicated by the selected cutting data is designated as the three-dimensional processing shape when processing the workpiece 200. You.
[0058]
Then, when the user gives an instruction to start cutting of the three-dimensional cutting apparatus using the input device 104, the microcomputer 100 stores the cutting data stored in the cutting data storage unit 100c-1 of the RAM 16 in response to the instruction to start cutting. The motor 36, 48, 66, 82 is driven according to the read cutting data. As a result, the workpiece 200 is cut by the spiral tool path using the cutter 24 in accordance with the selected cutting data. Then, when the cutting of the workpiece 200 by the spiral tool path according to the selected cutting data is completed using the cutter 24, a three-dimensional processing shape indicated by the selected cutting data is formed on the workpiece 200. Will be.
[0059]
Here, in this three-dimensional cutting apparatus, when cutting is performed by a spiral tool path using the cutter 24, the outermost periphery of the processing region in the workpiece 200 is initially set to a depth set by the cutting data. The cutting in the depth direction is performed spirally, but the cutting of the outermost periphery is performed by a groove-shaped cutting process.
[0060]
Here, in this groove-shaped cutting process, every time the cutter 24 spirals around the outermost periphery of the processing region in the workpiece 200, the cutter 24 shifts its movement path by a small amount toward the surface of the workpiece 200. This allows the cutter 24 to always contact only one side wall surface of the groove shape. Therefore, the width of the groove formed by the groove cutting process is larger than the tool diameter.
[0061]
Hereinafter, this groove shape cutting processing will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
[0062]
The groove shape cutting process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4 is a process relating to cutting of the outermost periphery of the spiral tool path, which is automatically started when a user gives a cutting start instruction using the input device 18. In this groove-shaped cutting process, a moving path is formed in which the cutter 24 makes three rounds around the outermost periphery of the machining region and makes a full circle, and makes three rounds around the outermost periphery of the machining region until reaching the depth indicated by the cutting data. The cutter 24 repeatedly moves along the moving path to cut the workpiece 200. It is assumed that the outermost periphery of the processing area of the workpiece 200 has a circular shape.
[0063]
When the groove shape cutting process is started, as shown in FIG. 5, the cutter 24 moves the outermost peripheral position of the processing region on the workpiece 200 specified by the cutting data (the outermost peripheral position of the processing region is circular. .) Starts moving clockwise from the upper start position S (see the arrow in the moving direction of the cutter in FIG. 5), and moves around the outermost circumferential position to return to the start position S (step S402). ). That is, the cutter 24 moves so as to trace the outermost peripheral position of the processing area on the workpiece 200 so as to go around the outermost peripheral position, and moves the moving path of the cutter 24 along the first moving path. Shall be referred to as
[0064]
That is, when the groove-shaped cutting process is started, first, the cutter 24 goes around the first movement path that coincides with the outermost peripheral position of the processing area on the workpiece 200.
[0065]
Here, when the cutter 24 moves along the first movement path, control is performed so that the center portion C of the tool diameter passes through the first movement path.
[0066]
The start position S may be any position on the outermost peripheral position of the processing area on the workpiece 200, and may be set by the user using the input device 104, or may be automatically set in advance. It may be set.
[0067]
In FIG. 5, a thick solid line with an arrow indicates the movement locus of the cutter 24 in step S402.
[0068]
Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the cutter 24 starts moving clockwise from the start position S (see the arrow in the moving direction of the cutter in FIG. 6), and moves from the first moving path to the inner diameter side. While gradually changing the direction, the workpiece 200 is smoothly moved from the first movement path toward the surface of the workpiece 200 by a minute amount W to the second movement path located on the inner diameter side (step S404). Specifically, the cutter 24 starts moving in the clockwise direction from the start position S, and shifts by a small amount W while moving by approximately half the outermost circumference of the processing area on the workpiece 200. It reaches the position P on the route. Note that the position P is located on a straight line connecting the start position S and the center O of the first moving path and the second moving path.
[0069]
Here, when the cutter 24 smoothly moves from the first movement path to the second movement path, control is performed so that the center portion C of the tool diameter of the cutter 24 is located on the second movement path.
[0070]
Further, the minute amount W can be, for example, half or less of the tool diameter of the cutter 24.
[0071]
In FIG. 6, a thick solid line with an arrow indicates the movement locus of the cutter 24 in step S404.
[0072]
Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the cutter 24 starts moving clockwise from the position P (see the arrow in the moving direction of the cutter in FIG. 7), and makes a round of the second movement path to reach the position P. (Step S406).
[0073]
Here, when the cutter 24 moves along the second movement path, control is performed so that the center portion C of the tool diameter passes through the second movement path.
[0074]
In FIG. 7, the thick solid line with an arrow indicates the movement locus of the cutter 24 in step S406.
[0075]
Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the cutter 24 starts moving clockwise from the position P (see the arrow in the moving direction of the cutter in FIG. 8), and moves from the second moving path to the outer diameter side. While gradually changing the direction, the robot smoothly moves to the first movement path located on the outer diameter side by the minute amount W from the second movement path (step S408). Specifically, the cutter 24 starts moving in the clockwise direction from the position P, and moves to the start position S on the first movement path while moving approximately half the outermost circumference of the processing area on the workpiece 200. To reach.
[0076]
Here, when the cutter 24 smoothly moves from the second movement path to the first movement path, control is performed so that the center portion C of the tool diameter of the cutter 24 is located on the first movement path.
[0077]
In FIG. 8, a thick solid line with an arrow indicates the movement locus of the cutter 24 in step S408.
[0078]
Steps S402 to S404 are repeated until the tip of the cutter 24 reaches the depth set by the cutting data and the cutting of the groove having the depth indicated by the cutting data is completed. The cutting is performed while gradually lowering the cutter 24 in the Z direction each time (step S410). That is, the cutter 24 performs cutting in the Z direction while selectively and repeatedly moving the first movement path and the second movement path.
[0079]
As described above, by gradually lowering the cutter 24 in the Z direction, the depth cut by the cutter 24 can be smoothly changed.
[0080]
Note that the process of lowering the cutter 24 in the Z direction is not performed every time the processes of steps S402 to S404 are completed once as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4, but for example, the processes of steps S402 to S404. May be performed a plurality of times each time it is completed, or may be performed during the processing of steps S402 to S404.
[0081]
The displacement amount when the cutter 24 is lowered in the Z direction, that is, the cut amount in the depth direction may be arbitrarily set by the user using the input device 104, or may be automatically set in advance. May be set.
[0082]
When the tip of the cutter 24 reaches the depth set by the cutting data and the cutting of the groove having the depth indicated by the cutting data is completed, the groove cutting processing is terminated. (Step S410).
[0083]
After the groove-shaped cutting process is completed, cutting is performed by a spiral tool path that spirally moves toward the inner diameter side using the cutter 24.
[0084]
Here, the combination of the movement trajectory of the cutter 24 moving along the first movement path and the movement trajectory of the cutter 24 moving along the second movement path by the processing of the above-described steps S402 to S404 corresponds to the workpiece. The groove 300 is obtained by cutting the outermost periphery of the processing region 200 to the depth set by the cutting data (see FIG. 9).
[0085]
Therefore, according to the above-described groove shape cutting process, the groove 300 is formed and the walls 300a and 300b are formed on both sides of the cutter 24. However, when the cutter 24 is moving on the first movement path. The cutter 24 comes into contact only with the left wall 300a in the movement direction, and when the cutter 24 moves along the second movement path, the cutter 24 comes into contact only with the right wall 300b in the movement direction.
[0086]
That is, since the cutter 24 always comes into contact with only one side wall when forming the groove 300, the cutting load applied to the cutter 24 is greatly reduced, and the occurrence of troubles such as motor step-out is prevented. Can be.
[0087]
Further, since the width L of the groove 300 is larger than the tool diameter R, even if the cutter 24 bends due to a slight increase or decrease in the cutting load, there is a relief area for the deflection of the cutter 24, so the bending load of the cutter 24 increases the cutting load. There is no effect on movement.
[0088]
Furthermore, since the width L of the groove 300 is larger than the tool diameter R, the cutting waste can escape to the clearance between the cutter 24 and the walls 300a and 300b, so that the influence of the cutting waste on the movement of the cutter 24 is small. Become.
[0089]
The above embodiment can be modified as described in the following (1) to (8).
[0090]
(1) In the above-described embodiment, the second movement path is located on the inner diameter side by a small amount W from the first movement path. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to this. The second movement path may be located on the outer diameter side by a very small amount W from the first movement path.
[0091]
(2) In the above-described embodiment, the first movement path is made to coincide with the outermost peripheral position of the processing area on the workpiece 200 specified by the cutting data. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Needless to say, it may not be provided, and may be located on the inner diameter side or the outer diameter side of the outermost peripheral position.
[0092]
(3) In the above-described embodiment, the first movement path is made to coincide with the outermost peripheral position of the processing area on the workpiece 200 specified by the cutting data. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It is needless to say that the first and second moving paths are arranged such that the center position between the first moving path and the second moving path coincides with the outermost peripheral position of the processing area on the workpiece 200 specified by the cutting data. A first movement route and a second movement route may be set.
[0093]
(4) In the above-described embodiment, the minute amount W is set to be equal to or less than half of the tool diameter of the cutter 24. However, it is needless to say that the minute amount W is not limited to this. It may be slightly larger or smaller than half. That is, the minute amount W may be about half the tool diameter of the cutter 24.
[0094]
Further, when performing more precise processing, the minute amount W can be set to be equal to or less than a quarter of the tool diameter of the cutter 24, but the minute amount W is smaller than the quarter of the tool diameter of the cutter 24. It may be slightly larger or smaller, that is, the minute amount W may be about ４ of the tool diameter of the cutter 24.
[0095]
(5) In the above-described embodiment, the minute amount W is set to be equal to or less than half of the tool diameter of the cutter 24. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when the cutter 24 is moved in the depth direction. , The minute amount W may be slightly larger or smaller than the change amount, that is, the minute amount W may be about the change amount.
[0096]
(6) In the above-described embodiment, the minute amount W is equal to or less than half of the tool diameter of the cutter 24. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and in the apparatus for performing the cutting method of the present invention. The resolution may be set to be about the resolution of tool movement.
[0097]
(7) In the above-described embodiment, the minute amount W is set to be equal to or less than half of the tool diameter of the cutter 24. However, it is needless to say that the minute amount W is not limited to this. Appropriately set according to the type of workpiece material, tool moving speed, and tool cutting amount (condition of tool movement at the time of cutting set according to cutting depth in the groove shape in the depth direction) May be.
[0098]
(8) In the above-described embodiment, the cutter 24 is shifted by the minute amount W while moving about the outermost circumference of the processing region on the workpiece 200 by a small amount W. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Needless to say, as shown in FIG. 10, the cutter 24 may be shifted by the minute amount W while moving the extremely short distance l.
[0099]
(9) In the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is used for cutting by a spiral tool path has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this case. Even in the case of cutting by a scan line tool path that performs cutting while reciprocating, since a rectangular groove for cutting off the tool is cut on the outer periphery of the processing area in the initial stage, the present invention is used in such a case. It may be. Also, the present invention can be applied to the case of ordinary groove processing.
[0100]
(10) The above-described embodiment and the modifications shown in (1) to (9) above may be appropriately combined.
[0101]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has an excellent effect that when a groove is dug down using a tool, occurrence of troubles such as motor out-of-step can be suppressed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view (perspective view) of a processing apparatus proposed by the present applicant as Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-197624.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a spiral tool path.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a three-dimensional cutting apparatus that implements a groove-shaped cutting method according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a groove shape cutting process according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a moving path of a tool in the groove shape cutting processing according to the present invention, and is an explanatory diagram viewed from a direction of an arrow A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a moving path of a tool in the groove shape cutting processing according to the present invention, and is an explanatory diagram viewed from a direction of an arrow A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a moving path of a tool in the groove shape cutting processing according to the present invention, and is an explanatory diagram viewed from a direction indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 2;
8 is an explanatory diagram showing a moving path of a tool in a groove cutting process according to the present invention, and is an explanatory diagram viewed from a direction indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 2;
9 is an explanatory view showing a cutting state of the tool in the groove shape cutting processing according to the present invention, and is an explanatory view seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2; (A) shows a cutting state when the tool moves on the first movement path, and (b) shows a cutting state when the tool moves on the second movement path.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another example of the moving path of the tool in the groove cutting processing according to the present invention, and is an explanatory view seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
24 cutter
36, 48, 66, 82 motor
100 microcomputer
100a Central processing unit (CPU)
100b read only memory (ROM)
100c Cutting data storage unit
102 bus
104 input device
106 External storage device
200 Workpiece
300 grooves
300a, 300b wall

Claims (7)

In a groove-shaped cutting method of forming a groove shape by cutting a workpiece using a tool,
When the tool cuts a workpiece, the first movement path on the workpiece is shifted by a small amount in the direction of the surface of the workpiece from the first movement path on the workpiece. Performing cutting in the depth direction of the groove shape formed in the workpiece while selectively and repeatedly moving the path,
A method of cutting a groove shape, wherein the first movement path and the second movement path cut by moving the tool form a groove shape. In a groove-shaped cutting method of spirally cutting the outermost periphery of a processing region of a workpiece by a spiral tool path using a tool and forming a groove shape on the outermost periphery of the processing region of the workpiece,
When the tool cuts the workpiece, the tool moves the first movement path corresponding to the outermost periphery of the processing area on the workpiece and the surface of the work more than the diameter of the first movement path. Performing a depth direction cutting of a groove shape formed in the workpiece while selectively and repeatedly moving the second movement path located on the inner diameter side or the outer diameter side by a minute amount in the direction,
A method of cutting a groove shape, wherein the first movement path and the second movement path cut by moving the tool form a groove shape. In the method of cutting a groove shape according to claim 2,
When the tool selectively and repeatedly moves between the first movement path and the second movement path, the first tool moves while moving about half of the outermost circumference on the workpiece. A groove-shaped cutting method that completes movement between a movement path and the second movement path. In the method of cutting a groove shape according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3,
A method of cutting a groove, wherein the minute amount is equal to or less than a quarter of a diameter of a tip portion of the tool that comes into contact with the workpiece. In the method of cutting a groove shape according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3,
A groove shape cutting method in which the minute amount is equal to or less than a change amount of the groove shape in a depth direction every time the tool moves on the first movement path or the second movement path. A program for causing a computer to execute the groove shape cutting method according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. A computer-readable storage medium storing the program according to claim 6.

Images