JP2004060776A - Spring load adjusting apparatus of hydraulic buffer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spring load adjusting apparatus of a hydraulic buffer capable of easily adjusting the spring load of a suspension spring and easily performing air purge work. <P>SOLUTION: The spring load adjusting apparatus of the hydraulic buffer 10 can adjust the spring load of the suspension spring 11, and a spring adjuster 105 having an operation element 106 is disposed rotatably in the cap 104 and lockably via a detent mechanism section 107. The operation element 106 of the spring adjuster 105 has a boss section 106A and a plurality of handle parts 106B radially extending from the outer periphery of the boss section 106A. The spring adjuster 105 is formed so that a plug bolt 120 for degassing lies between the handle part 106B and the handle part 106B of the operation element 106 when it is locked to the cap 104 by the detent mechanism section 107. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a spring load adjusting device for a hydraulic shock absorber.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As described in JP-B-53-11941, a spring adjuster (a circular knob 10 having a circular knob 10) is provided as a front fork by interposing a suspension spring in a vehicle body side tube and an axle side tube to adjust the spring load of the suspension spring. Some adjustment rods 11) are rotatably provided on the cap at the upper end of the vehicle body side tube.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the off-road front fork strokes violently, external air enters the air chamber of the front fork via the oil seal lip provided on the inner periphery of the outer end of the outer tube and accumulates pressure sequentially, reducing the air reaction force. There is an inconvenience of becoming high.
[0004]
Therefore, in the prior art, a plug bolt for air release is provided in the cap at the upper end of the vehicle body side tube, and when the accumulated pressure in the air chamber becomes severe, the plug bolt is loosened to release the accumulated air.
[0005]
However, when a spring adjuster and a plug bolt for bleeding air are provided together with the cap at the upper end of the body side tube, the plug bolt is hidden behind the circular knob of the spring adjuster, and the plug is left as it is. Bolt cannot be operated. Therefore, when bleeding air, it is necessary to remove the knob of the spring adjuster from the adjusting rod and to make the plug bolt operable, resulting in poor bleeding workability.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily adjust the spring load of a suspension spring in a spring load adjusting device for a hydraulic shock absorber, and also to facilitate the air bleeding operation.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a body side tube and an axle side tube are slidably fitted through a seal member, and an oil reservoir including an oil chamber and an air chamber is provided in the body side tube and the axle side tube. A suspension spring is interposed between the body-side tube and the axle-side tube, and a cap for sealing the air chamber is provided at an upper end of the body-side tube, and communicates with the air chamber provided on the cap. A spring bolt of a hydraulic shock absorber provided with a plug bolt in an air passage so that the spring load of the suspension spring can be adjusted and a spring adjuster provided with an operation member is rotatably provided on a cap and can be locked via a detent mechanism. In the apparatus, the operating element of the spring adjuster has a boss portion and a plurality of handles extending radially from an outer periphery of the boss portion, and the spring adjuster is calibrated by a detent mechanism. When engaged with the flop, in which the plug bolt is formed so as to be located between the handle portion and the handle portion of the operating element.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, each handle portion of the operation element is formed at each of four equal positions along the outer periphery of the boss portion.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first or second aspect of the present invention, each handle portion of the operation element is inclined upwardly in a downward slope as it goes radially outward from the boss side. The thickness is reduced.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 is an overall cross-sectional view showing a hydraulic shock absorber, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing one of right and left hydraulic shock absorbers, FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing spring load characteristics, FIG. Sectional view, (B) is a plan view, (C) is a sectional view taken along line CC of (B), FIG. 9 shows a spring adjuster, (A) is a sectional view, (B) is a plan view, FIG. 10 shows an operator, (A) is a sectional view, (B) is a plan view, FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a stopper bolt, FIG. 12 shows a plug bolt, (A) is a sectional view, and (B) is 13 (C) is a bottom view, FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the left and right hydraulic shock absorbers, FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 13, and FIG. 15 is a lower enlarged cross-section of FIG. 13. It is.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 1, a hydraulic shock absorber 1 for a vehicle includes left and right hydraulic shock absorbers 10 and 20 provided on both left and right sides of the vehicle. This hydraulic shock absorber 1 has a structure in which axle tubes of left and right hydraulic shock absorbers are attached to both sides of a common axle, such as a front fork of a motorcycle or the like, or a rear wheel hydraulic shock absorber such as a motorcycle, The left and right hydraulic shock absorbers are mounted on a common spring arm.
[0012]
One of the left and right hydraulic shock absorbers 10 is configured as shown in FIGS. 2 to 12, and the other one of the left and right hydraulic shock absorbers 20 is configured as shown in FIGS. 13 to 15. The hydraulic shock absorber 1 has a built-in suspension spring 11 in one hydraulic shock absorber 10 for damping an impact force received by a vehicle from a road surface, and a damping force generation in the other hydraulic shock absorber 20 for damping expansion and contraction vibration of the suspension spring 11. The device 21 is built in. In the hydraulic shock absorber 1, the installation of the suspension spring 11 and the installation of the damping force generator 21 are shared between the hydraulic shock absorber 10 and the hydraulic shock absorber 20, thereby reducing costs.
[0013]
(Hydraulic shock absorber 10) (FIGS. 1 to 12)
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the hydraulic shock absorber 10 slides an axle-side tube (inner tube) 102 coupled to an axle in a vehicle-body-side tube (outer tube) 101 supported on the vehicle body side. The tubes 101 and 102 are fitted, and a suspension spring 11 is interposed between the tubes 101 and 102. A bush 101A sliding on the outer periphery of the axle tube 102 is provided on the inner periphery of the lower end of the vehicle body side tube 101, and a bush 102A sliding on the inner periphery of the vehicle body side tube 101 is provided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the axle tube 102. An oil seal (seal member) 103 </ b> A and a dust seal 103 </ b> B that are in sliding contact with the outer circumference of the axle-side tube 102 are also provided on the inner periphery of the lower end of the body-side tube 101.
[0014]
The hydraulic shock absorber 10 has an oil reservoir 12 including an oil chamber 12A and an air chamber 12B inside a vehicle body side tube 101 and an axle side tube 102.
[0015]
A cap 104 that seals the air chamber 12B is provided at an upper open end of the body-side tube 101. The cap 104 is screwed onto the inner periphery of the vehicle body side tube 101 via an O-ring. A spring adjuster 105 constituting a spring load adjusting device is provided at the center of the cap 104 so as to be rotatable and lockable via a detent mechanism 107. A cylindrical spring collar 109 constituting a cylindrical folder 108 is screwed to the spring adjuster 105. The spring collar 109 is prevented from rotating by a key 110 implanted in the spring adjuster 105, and as a result, the spring collar 109 can be moved up and down in the axial direction by rotating the operation element 106 provided on the spring adjuster 105.
[0016]
An axle bracket 111 is screwed onto the outer periphery of the lower end of the axle side tube 102, a bottom piece 112 is liquid-tightly engaged with the inner periphery of the lower end of the axle side tube 102, and an O-ring is inserted into a bolt insertion hole of the axle bracket 111. The bottom piece 112 is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the axle-side tube 102 by screwing a bottom bolt 113 which is liquid-tightly engaged with the bottom piece 112. A cover 111A is engaged with the bolt insertion hole of the axle bracket 111.
[0017]
The bottom piece 112 is provided with a lightening annular groove 112A for reducing the weight on the back surface side, and returns the hydraulic oil that has entered the annular groove 112A from the oil chamber 12A through the threaded portion of the bottom bolt 113 to the oil chamber 12A. A plurality of oil holes 112B.
[0018]
The hydraulic shock absorber 10 includes an upper spring seat 117 supported by a rubber-like elastic body 133 and a plunger 135 loaded in a cylindrical folder 108 formed by a spring collar 109 as described later, and a lower spring supported by a bottom piece 112. The suspension spring 11 described above is interposed between the seats 118. Then, by moving the spring collar 109 up and down by rotating the spring adjuster 105, the initial length of the suspension spoiler 11 and thus the initial spring load can be adjusted.
[0019]
The hydraulic shock absorber 10 absorbs an impact force applied to the vehicle from a road surface by a suspension spring 11 and a gas spring caused by an air reaction force confined in the air chamber 12B.
[0020]
In addition, the hydraulic shock absorber 10 injects into the oil chamber 12B through the lip of the oil seal 103A provided on the inner periphery of the lower end of the vehicle body side tube 101 due to a violent expansion / contraction stroke, and removes the air that is successively accumulated, so that the cap is removed. A plug bolt 120 is screwed into an air passage 119 communicating with the oil chamber 12 </ b> B provided at 104.
[0021]
Hereinafter, in the hydraulic shock absorber 10, (A) the structure of the spring adjuster 105, (B) the structure of the cylindrical folder 108, and (C) the structure of the plug bolt 120 will be described.
[0022]
(A) Structure of the spring adjuster 105 (FIGS. 3 to 6 and FIGS. 8 to 11)
As shown in FIG. 8, the cap 104 provided with the spring adjuster 105 includes a screw portion 104A screwed to the vehicle body side tube 101, an annular support portion 104B for supporting the spring adjuster 105 in a liquid-tight manner, and a key for mounting the key 110. A fixing hole 104C, a tool engagement hole 104D for screwing the body side tube 101, a lightening groove 104E for weight reduction, and an air passage 119 for the plug bolt 120 are provided. The air passage 119 is provided at each of two positions on the diameter of the cap 104. The key 110 implanted in the key fixing hole 104C of the cap 104 is engaged with a key sliding hole 109A provided along the axial direction of the spring collar 109.
[0023]
The spring adjuster 105 includes a pivotal attachment portion 105A that is pivotally attached to the annular support portion 104B of the cap 104 in a liquid-tight manner, a fixing portion 105B to which the operation element 106 is fixed, and a detent pin that stops the operation element 106 from rotating to the fixing portion 105B. A pin groove 105C with which the engaging member 122 is engaged, a screw hole 105D into which a stopper bolt 121 for locking the operation element 106 to the fixing portion 105B is screwed, a screw portion 105E into which the spring collar 109 is screwed, a pivoting portion 105A and a screw portion A detent portion 105F constituting a detent mechanism portion 107 is provided at a large outer diameter portion having a larger diameter than the screw portion 105E between the pivotal portion 105A and the screw portion 105E. The detent section 105F includes a spring 107A and a detent hole 105G into which a ball 107B biased by the spring 107A is loaded. The cap 104 has detent recesses 107C with which the balls 107B of the detent mechanism 107 engage, at a plurality of positions (for example, four positions) of a large inner diameter portion having a larger diameter than the annular support portion 104B below the annular support portion 104B.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 10, the operating element 106 includes a boss 106A having a hole to be fitted to the fixing portion 105B of the spring adjuster 105, and a plurality of (for example, four) grips 106B extending radially from the outer periphery of the boss 106A. The pin groove 106C for engaging the rotation preventing pin 122 together with the pin groove 105C of the spring adjuster 105, the embedding concave portion 106D for embedding the head 121A of the stopper bolt 121 on the upper surface of the boss portion 106A, and each handle portion 106B. A lightening hole 106E for reducing the weight is provided.
[0025]
The upper surface of the head 121A of the stopper bolt 121 embedded in the recess 106D of the operator 106 is flush with the upper surface of the boss 106A of the operator 106, and the upper surface of the boss 106A and the upper surface of each handle 106B are smooth. Continuous.
[0026]
The detent mechanism 107 is composed of a spring 107A and a ball 107B loaded in a detent hole 105G provided in a detent portion 105F of the spring adjuster 105, and a detent recess 107C provided in a cap 104. At each of four circumferential positions where 107B is sequentially engaged with the detent recess 107C, the spring adjuster 105 can be locked to the cap 104 with a sense of moderation.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 11, the stopper bolt 121 has a hexagonal hole 121B for tool engagement at the center of the head 121A.
[0028]
Accordingly, the spring adjuster 105 and the like are assembled to the cap 104 as described below, and then assembled to the vehicle body side tube 101.
[0029]
(1) The pivotal attachment portion 105A of the spring adjuster 105 is inserted into the annular support portion 104B of the cap 104. At this time, the detent mechanism 107 is assembled between the cap 104 and the spring adjuster 105.
[0030]
(2) The convex portion 106A of the operation element 106 is fitted to the fixing portion 105B of the spring adjuster 105 protruding from the annular support portion 104B of the cap 104, and is turned around the pin groove 105C of the spring adjuster 105 and the pin groove 106C of the operation element 106. The locking pin 122 is engaged.
[0031]
(3) The head 121A of the stopper bolt 121 is embedded in the recess 106D of the operator 106, and the stopper bolt 121 is screwed into the screw hole 105D of the spring adjuster 105. Thereby, the spring adjuster 105 and the operation element 106 can rotate with respect to the cap 104 and can be prevented from coming off.
[0032]
(4) The upper end female part of the spring collar 109 is screwed into the screw part 105E of the spring adjuster 105, the key 110 is planted in the key fixing hole 104C of the cap 104, and the protruding end of the key 110 is connected to the key of the spring collar 109. It engages with the sliding hole 109A.
[0033]
Thus, when the operator 106 of the spring adjuster 105 is rotated, the key sliding hole 109A of the spring collar 109 screwed to the spring adjuster 105 is guided by the key 110 of the cap 104, and the spring collar 109 is moved in the axial direction. It moves up and down, and as described above, the initial spring load of the suspension spring 11 can be adjusted. The spring adjuster 105 is sequentially positioned at four positions in the circumferential direction with respect to the cap 104 with a sense of moderation by the detent mechanism 107.
[0034]
However, when the spring adjuster 105 is locked to the cap 104 by the detent mechanism 107, the plug bolt 120 screwed to the cap 104 is provided between the adjacent grips 106B of the operation element 106. Is positioned (FIG. 5).
[0035]
Each handle portion 106B of the operation element 100 is formed at each of four equal positions along the outer periphery of the boss portion 106A.
[0036]
Each handle portion 106B of the operation element 106 has a thinner thickness by inclining the upper surface A in a downward slope as it proceeds radially outward from the boss portion 106A side. The upper surface A may have a linear downward slope or a curved downward slope.
[0037]
In the hydraulic shock absorber 10, since the spring adjuster 105 is configured as described above, the following effects are obtained.
[0038]
(1) The operating element 106 of the spring adjuster 105 has a boss 106A and a plurality of grips 106B. When the spring adjuster 105 is locked to the cap 104 by the detent mechanism 107, the operating element 106 The plug bolt 120 was formed so as to be located between the handles 106B. Therefore, the plug bolt 120 does not hide behind the handle portion 106B of the operation member 106 when air is released from the air chamber 12B of the hydraulic shock absorber 10, so that the air can be easily removed without removing the operation member 106. Can be pulled out.
[0039]
{Circle around (2)} Each handle portion 106B of the operation element 106 is formed at each of four equal positions along the outer periphery of the boss portion 106A. Therefore, the operation function of the operation element 106 can be improved, and the production cost can be reduced.
[0040]
{Circle around (3)} As each handle 106B of the operator 106 goes radially outward from the side of the boss 106A, the upper surface A is sloped down so as to be thinner. Therefore, the upper surface of the operation element 106 formed by each handle portion 106B is close to a spherical shape, there is no protrusion, and the operational feeling can be improved.
[0041]
(B) Structure of cylindrical folder 108 (FIGS. 3, 4, and 7)
When the suspension spring 11 is interposed between the vehicle body side tube 101 (the vehicle body side member) and the axle side tube 102 (the axle side member) as described above, the cap 104 and the spring adjuster 105 are attached to the vehicle body side tube 101. A cylindrical spring collar 109 is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction via a spring, an annular housing 131 is provided on the outer periphery of the spring collar 109, and the spring collar 109 and the housing 131 have a bottomed end having an opening at one end. A cylindrical folder 108 is formed.
[0042]
The housing 131 has a base portion 131A formed by a step portion 109C in which a small outer diameter portion 109B on the lower end side of the spring collar 109 is formed at an intermediate portion on the outer periphery of the spring collar 109 (or a retaining ring engaged with the outer periphery of the spring collar 109 is also possible). And is held. The housing 131 has an O-ring 132 loaded in an O-ring groove on the inner periphery of the base 131A, and is fitted to the outer periphery of the spring collar 109 in a liquid-tight manner. The housing 131 has an outer peripheral wall 131B rising from the base 131A, and forms an annular gap between the outer peripheral wall 131B and the outer periphery of the spring collar 109.
[0043]
In the cylindrical folder 108, an annular gap formed between the outer peripheral wall 131 </ b> B of the housing 131 and the outer periphery of the spring collar 109 is a loading chamber 134 for the rubber-like elastic body 133. The rubber-like elastic body 133 is an elastic body such as urethane rubber which exhibits a non-linear spring characteristic, and has an annular shape that can be loaded into the loading chamber 134.
[0044]
When the rubber-like elastic body 133 is loaded in the loading chamber 134, the plunger 135 is inserted into the cylindrical folder 108 from the one end opening so as to be able to smoothly advance and retreat, and the rubber-like elastic body 133 is inserted by the insertion end of the plunger 135. And the suspension spring 11 is supported by the above-mentioned upper spring seat 117 which is seated on the flange 135A of the protruding end of the plunger 135 via the washer 136. The suspension spring 11 and the rubber-like elastic body 133 are arranged in series between the vehicle body side tube 101 and the axle side tube 102. The upper spring seat 117 includes a sliding guide 117A extending slidably on the small outer diameter portion 109B of the spring collar 109, and the extending end of the sliding guide 117A is engaged with the outer periphery of the small outer diameter portion 109B. The stop ring 137 can be abutted.
[0045]
The plunger 135 is provided with a bush 135B slidingly in contact with the outer periphery of the spring collar 109 on the inner periphery, and an O-ring 138A in liquid-tight contact with the outer periphery of the spring collar 109 in an O-ring groove on the inner periphery. An O-ring 138B in liquid-tight contact with the inner periphery is provided in the O-ring groove on the outer periphery. Thereby, the loading chamber 134 for the rubber-like elastic body 133 partitioned by the plunger 135 inside the cylindrical folder 108 is liquid-tightly sealed with respect to the oil reservoir 12.
[0046]
The outer diameter of the flange 135A of the plunger 135 is larger than at least the inner diameter of the outer peripheral wall 131B of the housing 131, and in this embodiment, is larger than the outer diameter of the outer peripheral wall 131B. When the rubber-like elastic body 133 is most compressed, the maximum stroke S of the plunger 135 is regulated by abutting the flange 135A of the plunger 135 against the end surface of the outer peripheral wall 131B. By regulating the maximum stroke of the plunger 135, even when the rubber-like elastic body 133 is deteriorated, the spring characteristic of the suspension spring 11 and the rubber-like elastic body 133 at the beginning of use is maintained without causing the plunger 135 to have an excessive stroke.
[0047]
The hydraulic shock absorber 10 has the cylindrical folder 108, and the suspension spring 11 and the rubber-like elastic body 133 are arranged in series between the vehicle body side tube 101 and the axle side tube 102 as described above. There is.
[0048]
{Circle around (1)} In FIG. 7, K1 is the spring load characteristic of the suspension spring 11 alone, and K2 is the spring load characteristic of the rubber elastic body 133 alone. In the initial stroke S of the hydraulic shock absorber 10, the rubber-like elastic body 133 and the suspension spring 11 are compressed to generate a non-linear composite spring load (spring constant K in FIG. 7), and only the suspension spring 11 is compressed after the initial stroke S. This produces a linear spring load (spring constant K1 in FIG. 7). That is, a soft and smooth spring load characteristic of the initial stroke can be obtained by combining the rubber-like elastic body 133 and the suspension spring 11. Further, since the spring load characteristic of the initial stroke S can be raised softly by the combined spring load of the rubber-like elastic body 133 and the suspension spring 11, the spring constant of the suspension spring 11 can be set higher than before, and the intermediate stroke to The spring load characteristic of the most compression stroke can be hardened by the suspension spring 11 to obtain a feeling of stiffness.
[0049]
{Circle around (2)} The rubber-like elastic body 133 is loaded into the cylindrical folder 108 and compressed. The rubber-like elastic body 133 is prevented from bending in the transverse direction perpendicular to the central axis of the rubber-like elastic body 133. Can be generated stably in the axial direction.
[0050]
{Circle around (3)} A cylindrical folder 108 is formed by a spring collar 109 provided movably in the axial direction of the vehicle body side tube 101 and an annular housing 131 provided on the outer periphery of the spring collar 109. 133, the suspension spring 11 was supported via the plunger 135. Therefore, the initial load of the suspension spring 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of movement of the spring collar 109 by the spring adjuster 105, and the cylindrical folder 108 can be formed at low cost using the spring collar 109.
[0051]
{Circle around (4)} The loading chamber 134 of the rubber-like elastic body 133 partitioned by the plunger 135 inside the cylindrical folder 108 is liquid-tightly sealed. Therefore, the intrusion of hydraulic oil into the cylindrical folder 108 can be prevented, the deterioration of the rubber-like elastic body 133 due to the hydraulic oil can be prevented, and the rubber-like elastic body 133 can be disposed in the oil reservoir 12.
[0052]
(Structure of plug bolt 120) (FIGS. 3 to 6, FIG. 12)
The plug bolt 120 screwed into the air passage 119 provided in the cap 104 includes a head 141, a neck 142, and a screw 143, as shown in FIG. The plug bolt 120 enables the O-ring 144 (annular seal member) fitted in the O-ring groove 142A provided on the outer periphery of the neck portion 142 on the side of the head 141 to be airtightly sealed in the seal hole 119A of the air passage 119. At the same time, the screw portion 143 provided on the outer periphery on the distal end side can be screwed into the screw hole 119B (smaller in diameter than the seal hole 119A) of the air passage 119.
[0053]
The plug bolt 120 includes a flow path 145 having one end opened to the air chamber 12 </ b> B and the other end opened to the outer periphery of the neck portion 142 or the screw portion 143 on the tip side from the O-ring 144. The plug bolt 120 loosens the screw portion 143 from the screw hole 119B of the air passage 119 of the cap 104, and the O-ring 144 with respect to the seal hole 119A of the air passage 119 in a state where the screw portion 143 is still partially screwed into the screw hole 119B. Can be released.
[0054]
The plug bolt 120 can form the channel 145 by a groove engraved on the outer periphery of the screw portion 143. The cross-sectional shape of the groove forming the flow path 145 may be a square groove, a circular groove, or the like in addition to the V-shaped groove. The flow path 145 shown in FIG. 12 has a V-shaped groove shape, and is formed such that the depth of the groove is gradually reduced from the tip end side of the screw portion 143 toward the O-ring 144 side. As shown in FIG. 12, the plug bolt 120 has one flow path 145 at one position along the circumferential direction of the outer periphery of the screw portion 143, and also has a plurality of flow paths 145 at a plurality of positions along the circumferential direction. Is also good.
[0055]
The plug bolt 120 engraves a flow path 145 on the outer periphery of the screw part 143, and also drills a hole-shaped flow path 145 in a solid part of the screw part 143 to the neck part 142, and connects one end of the flow path 145 to an air chamber. 12B, and the other end may be opened to the outer periphery of the neck portion 142 or the screw portion 143 on the tip side from the O-ring 144.
[0056]
In the hydraulic shock absorber 10, since the plug bolt 120 screwed into the air passage 119 provided in the cap 104 is configured as described above, the following operation is provided.
[0057]
{Circle around (1)} When the screw of the plug bolt 120 with the air passage 119 of the cap 104 is loosened, the other end of the flow path 145 communicates with the atmosphere with the screw portion 143 of the plug bolt 120 partially screwed. Therefore, air can be smoothly removed from the air chamber 12B by the flow path 145 without completely removing the plug bolt 120 from the air passage 119 of the cap 104. Therefore, the air bleeding workability is good, and the plug bolt 120 is completely removed from the air passage 119 of the cap 104 during the air bleeding work, and is not lost.
[0058]
{Circle over (2)} Since the flow path 145 can be formed by the groove formed on the outer periphery of the screw portion 143 of the plug bolt 120, the processing of the flow path 145 becomes easy.
[0059]
{Circle around (3)} The groove forming the flow path 145 of the plug bolt 120 has a V-shaped groove shape, and is formed such that the depth of the groove gradually decreases toward the O-ring 144. Since the groove that forms the flow path 145 is formed in a V-shaped groove shape, processing becomes easy. Further, since the depth of the groove is formed so as to become shallower toward the O-ring 144 side, when the plug bolt 120 is loosened, air does not suddenly blow out from the flow path 145 and the air is gradually discharged. Good air removal workability.
[0060]
(Hydraulic shock absorber 20) (FIGS. 13 to 15)
As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the hydraulic shock absorber 20 slides an axle-side tube (inner tube) 202 supported by an axle inside a vehicle-body-side tube (outer tube) 201 supported by the vehicle body. The single cylinder type damper 204 is fitted upside down and fitted inside. That is, the damper 204 includes a damper cylinder 206 and a piston rod 210, as will be described in detail later. The damper cylinder 206 is mounted on the vehicle body side tube 201, and the piston rod 210 is mounted on the axle side tube 202. You. A bush 201A sliding on the outer periphery of the axle tube 202 is provided on the inner periphery of the lower end of the vehicle body side tube 201, and a bush 202A sliding on the inner periphery of the vehicle body side tube 201 is provided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the axle tube 202. An oil seal (seal member) 203 </ b> A and a dust seal 203 </ b> B that are in sliding contact with the outer periphery of the axle-side tube 202 are also provided on the inner periphery of the lower end of the body-side tube 201.
[0061]
The upper end of the damper cylinder 206 of the damper 204 is screwed via an O-ring to the upper end of the vehicle body side tube 201, and the upper open end of the damper cylinder 206 is closed by the cap 205. The cap 205 is inserted and screwed into the inner periphery of the damper cylinder 206 via an O-ring.
[0062]
An oil lock case 207 is liquid-tightly fitted on the inner periphery of the lower end bottom of the axle-side tube 202 via an O-ring, and the oil lock case 207 is mounted on the axle bracket 209 with the bottom bolt 208 in a liquid-tight manner via the O-ring. It is fixed. 209A is a cover engaged with the bolt insertion hole of the axle bracket 209. Further, the base end of a piston rod (hollow rod) 210 of the damper 204 is screwed to the bottom bolt 208 and locked by a lock nut 208A, and the distal end of the piston rod 210 is connected to the axial end of the damper cylinder 206. It is inserted from the tip side of the oil lock piece 211 provided in the section. The oil lock piece 211 is fixed by screwing the base cylindrical portion 211A to the opening at the distal end of the damper cylinder 206 in a liquid-tight manner via an O-ring. The piston rod 210 is supported by a bush 210A of a rod guide portion 212 provided below the cylindrical portion 211A of the oil lock piece 211, and is inserted into the damper cylinder 206 through a seal member 212B. The seal member 212 </ b> B has a one-way sealing function of sealing an oil chamber 233 </ b> B described later of the damper cylinder 206 and preventing the oil in the oil chamber 233 </ b> B from escaping out of the damper cylinder 206. A rebound spring 214 is seated on a lower end surface of a spring chamber 213 provided inside the tubular portion 211A of the oil lock piece 211 via a seal retainer 212C. The rebound spring 214 is housed in the spring chamber 213 while being held by a retaining ring 215 engaged with the upper inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 211A of the oil lock piece 211.
[0063]
Inside the vehicle body side tube 201 and the axle side tube 202, an oil reservoir 223 including an oil chamber 221 and an air chamber 222 is provided outside the damper 204, and the oil chamber 221 and the air chamber 222 pass through a free interface. The air that has come into contact with the air chamber 222 forms a gas spring. The suspension spring 11 and the gas spring of the air chamber 12B in the hydraulic shock absorber 10 and the gas spring of the air chamber 222 in the hydraulic shock absorber 20 absorb the impact force that the vehicle receives from the road surface.
[0064]
The damper 204 has a piston valve device 230 and a base valve device 250 that constitute the damping force generator 21 of the hydraulic shock absorber 20. Due to the damping force generated by the piston valve device 230 and the base valve device 250, the damper 204 causes the suspension spring 11 of the hydraulic shock absorber 10 and the hydraulic shock absorber to absorb the impact force by the gas springs of the hydraulic shock absorbers 10 and 20. The expansion and contraction vibration of the tubes 101 and 102 of the ten and the tubes 201 and 201 of the hydraulic shock absorber 20 is suppressed.
[0065]
(Piston valve device 230)
In the piston valve device 230, a piston holder 231A is mounted on the tip of a piston rod 210, and a main piston 232 is held in the piston holder 231A by a nut 231B or the like. The main piston 232 partitions the inside of the damper cylinder 206 into a piston-side oil chamber 233A in which the piston rod 210 is not accommodated and a rod-side oil chamber 233B in which the piston rod 210 is accommodated, and slides inside the damper cylinder 206. . The main piston 232 is an assembly of upper and lower pistons 232A and 232B, and includes an extension side plate valve 234A in which a large number of plate valves are stacked in a pyramid shape, and can communicate between the piston side oil chamber 233A and the rod side oil chamber 233B. And a compression-side port 235 that includes a medium- and high-speed pressure-side plate valve 235A and a low-speed pressure-side plate valve 235B and that enables communication between the piston-side oil chamber 233A and the rod-side oil chamber 233B.
[0066]
In the piston valve device 230, the valve stopper 235C, the pressure side plate valves 235A and 235B, the main piston 232 (upper and lower pistons 232A and 232B), the extension side plate valve 234A, and the valve stopper 234B are inserted into the piston holder 231A. Is held by a nut 231B.
[0067]
Further, the piston valve device 230 passes the damping force adjusting rod 237 connected to the adjuster 236 inserted in a liquid-tight manner into the cylindrical folder 208 through the hollow portion of the piston rod 210, and rotates the adjuster 236 in the axial direction. With the needle 237A at the tip of the damping force adjusting rod 237 that advances and retreats, the flow passage area of the bypass passage 238 between the piston side oil chamber 233A and the rod side oil chamber 233B provided in the piston holder 231A can be adjusted. Reference numeral 239 denotes a detent mechanism incorporated in the adjuster 236. The detent mechanism 239 can engage a ball urged by a spring with a detent recess provided in the bottom bolt 208, and can sequentially position the adjuster 236 at a plurality of positions in the rotation direction with a sense of moderation. I do.
[0068]
(Base valve device 250)
In the base valve device 250, the guide pipe 251 is screwed to the cap 205 screwed to the upper end of the damper cylinder 206, and the housing holder 251A is screwed to the tip of the guide pipe 251. The sub piston 252 is held by a nut 251B or the like. The upper part of the guide pipe 251 is formed in the small diameter part 251C. The sub-piston 252 is fixedly disposed inside the damper cylinder 206 so as to face the main piston 232 described above, is in liquid-tight contact with the inner peripheral portion of the damper cylinder 206, and is disposed above the piston-side oil chamber 233A above the base valve chamber 233A. 253 are formed in the oil chamber 253A. The sub-piston 252 includes a medium- and high-speed pressure-side plate valve 254A in which a number of plate valves are stacked in a pyramid shape, and a pressure-side port 254 that enables communication between the piston-side oil chamber 233A and the oil chamber 253A of the base valve chamber 253. And an expansion side port 255 that includes an expansion side plate valve 255A (check valve) and enables communication between the piston side oil chamber 233A and the oil chamber 253A of the base valve chamber 253. Further, the housing holder 251A includes a bypass flow path 256 that allows the piston side oil chamber 233A and the oil chamber 253A of the base valve chamber 253 to communicate with each other by bypassing the compression side port 254 and the expansion side port 255.
[0069]
In the base valve device 250, a valve stopper 254B, a pressure-side plate valve 254A, a sub-piston 252, an extension-side plate valve 255A, and a valve stopper 255B are inserted into a housing holder 251A, and these are held by nuts 251B.
[0070]
The damping force adjusting rod 258 screwed to the fork bolt 205 has an adjuster 259, is inserted into the guide pipe 251, and flows through the bypass flow path 256 by the needle 258A at the tip that advances and retreats in the axial direction by rotating the adjuster 259. The road area can be adjusted. The adjuster 259 and its holder 259A are embedded and held at the center of the head end surface of the fork bolt 205. Reference numeral 260 denotes a detent mechanism incorporated in the adjuster 259. The detent mechanism 260 engages a ball urged by a spring with a detent recess provided in the folder 259A, and the adjuster 259 can be sequentially positioned at a plurality of positions in the rotation direction with a sense of moderation. And
[0071]
The housing holder 251A is provided with a branch flow path 256A on the oil chamber 253A side from a flow path area adjusting portion opened and closed by the needle 258A of the bypass flow path 256. In the housing holder 251A, a low-speed pressure side plate valve 254C is provided at a portion where the branch flow path 256A opens to the oil chamber 253A of the base valve chamber 253.
[0072]
The base valve device 250 includes a free piston type movable partition member 261 that slides in a liquid-tight manner through the O-ring 260A and the sealing member 260B along the damper cylinder 206 and the guide pipe 251 inside the damper cylinder 206. Is provided. The partition member 261 defines an oil chamber 253A communicating with the piston side oil chamber 233A on the side of the sub piston 252 of the base valve chamber 253, and a volume compensation chamber 253B on the side of the cap 205. The volume compensation chamber 253B is filled with air therein, and communicates with the air chamber 222 through a communication passage 263. The cap 205 removes the air sequentially accumulated in the air chamber 222 and the volume compensation chamber 253B via the lip of the oil seal 203A provided on the inner periphery of the lower end of the vehicle body side tube 201 due to the intense expansion and contraction stroke of the hydraulic shock absorber 20. A plug bolt 265 is screwed into an air passage 264 communicating with the volume compensation chamber 253B provided in the cap 205. The spring 262 is interposed between the partition member 261 and the cap 205 so as to have a slight initial load at the time of the maximum extension.
[0073]
When the piston rod 210 enters the damper cylinder 206 during compression, the spring 262 contracts, and the oil chamber in the damper cylinder 206 is pressurized by the amount of the spring load of the spring 262 at this time. It prevents cavitation in the oil chamber, and also avoids delay (spilling) of the generation of damping force during compression following expansion.
[0074]
Each time the piston rod 210 of the hydraulic shock absorber 20 strokes, the base valve device 250 removes the oil in the oil chamber 221 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod 210 from the seal member 212B of the rod guide 212 to the damper cylinder 206. Bring it inside. Thus, when the hydraulic oil in the oil chambers 233A, 233B, 253A inside the damper cylinder 206 becomes equal to or more than a certain amount, the movable partition member 261 moves upward by the hydraulic pressure, and the seal member 260B on the inner periphery of the partition member 261 is moved. It has a blow function of discharging excess oil of the damper cylinder 206 from the volume compensation chamber 253B to the oil chamber 221 outside the damper cylinder 206 via the communication path 263 and the air chamber 222 when reaching the small diameter portion 251C of the guide pipe 251. .
[0075]
Therefore, the hydraulic shock absorber 20 performs a damping action as follows.
(When compressed)
At the time of compression of the hydraulic shock absorber 20, when the piston speed is extremely low, a pressure-side damping force is generated by oil flowing through the needle 258A of the sub-piston 252 in the base valve device 250, and at low speed, the main piston 232 in the piston valve device 230 is generated. The oil flowing through the low-speed pressure-side plate valve 235B generates a compression-side damping force, and the base valve device 250 generates a compression-side damping force by the oil flowing through the low-speed pressure-side plate valve 254C of the sub-piston 252. , A pressure-side damping force is generated by oil flowing through the medium- and high-speed pressure-side plate valve 235A of the main piston 232, and a pressure-side damping force is generated by oil flowing through the pressure-side plate valve 254A of the sub-piston 252 in the base valve device 250.
[0076]
(When extended)
At the time of extension of the hydraulic shock absorber 20, when the piston speed is low, an extension-side damping force is generated by oil flowing through the needle 237A of the main piston 232 in the piston valve device 230. The extension side damping force is generated by the oil flowing through the side plate valve 234A, and the base valve device 250 hardly generates the damping force.
[0077]
The expansion and contraction vibration of the hydraulic shock absorber 10 and the hydraulic shock absorber 20 is suppressed by these compression side and expansion side damping forces.
[0078]
When the hydraulic shock absorber 20 is most compressed, the oil lock piece 211 provided at the axial end of the damper cylinder 206 is fitted to the oil lock case 207 provided at the bottom of the wheel side tube 202, and The oil compressed in the oil lock oil chamber 270 formed between the oil locks 270 causes an oil lock effect to prevent the damper 204 from bottoming out.
[0079]
When the hydraulic shock absorber 20 is fully extended, the lower end surface of the piston holder 231A provided on the piston rod 210 is supported by the rod guide 212 of the oil lock piece 211 provided at the opening of the damper cylinder 206. The spring abuts against the spring 214 to provide a buffering action for extension.
[0080]
Hereinafter, an oil lock structure in which the oil lock piece 211 and the oil lock case 207 are configured in the hydraulic shock absorber 20 will be described (FIG. 15).
[0081]
The oil lock piece 211 is fixedly provided by screwing a base end cylindrical portion 211 </ b> A into an axial front end opening of the damper cylinder 206, and a rod guide portion 212 (a bushing) that slidably supports the piston rod 210. 212A and a sealing member 212B) are provided below the tubular portion 211A.
[0082]
The oil lock piece 211 has a fitting portion 271 fitted on the inner circumference of the oil lock case 207 via a minute gap on the outer circumference of the tip cup-shaped portion 211B of the oil lock piece 211. The oil lock piece 211 includes a lock guide portion 212 between the tubular portion 211A and the cup-shaped portion 211B.
[0083]
The fitting portion 271 includes a fitting ring 271A made of a hard resin, for example, a fitting ring 271A made of Duracon (registered trademark). The fitting ring 271A forming the fitting portion 271 is fitted to the small diameter portion 272 on the outer periphery of the cup-shaped portion 211B, and the stepped portion 272A at the back of the small diameter portion 272 and the inner periphery of the cup-shaped portion 211B from the tip side. Both ends in the axial direction are sandwiched and held by the outer stopper 273A of the annular body 273 to be press-fitted.
[0084]
The oil lock piece 211 has a rod guide portion 212 that supports the piston rod 210 and a fitting portion 271 that is fitted to the oil lock case 207. The above-described oil lock oil chamber 270 is defined between the outer circumference of the oil lock 210 and the outer periphery of the oil lock chamber 210.
[0085]
The oil lock piece 211 has an outer periphery on the damper cylinder 206 side from the fitting portion 271 fitted on the outer periphery of the cup-shaped portion 211B, in other words, the outer periphery of the rod guide portion 212 between the tubular portion 211A and the cup-shaped portion 211B. Then, a constricted annular reduced diameter portion 211C having a smaller diameter than the fitting portion 271 is formed. When the fitting portion 271 of the oil lock piece 211 is fitted to the inner periphery of the oil lock case 207 at the time of maximum compression, the reduced diameter portion 211 </ b> C has a large capacity annular space between it and the inner periphery of the oil lock case 207. A chamber 274 is formed, and this communication oil chamber 274 is opened to the oil chamber 221 of the oil reservoir 223 outside the oil lock case 207. In this embodiment, a two-sided width portion 275 for a tool for screwing the cylindrical portion 211A of the oil lock piece 211 to the opening of the damper cylinder 206 is provided on the upper tapered portion 211D of the reduced diameter portion 211C of the oil lock piece 211. A wide annular gap is formed between the upper taper portion 211D and the two-plane width portion 275 and the upper edge portion 207A of the oil lock case 207 even at the time of maximum compression, and the communication oil chamber 274 and the oil chamber 221 are formed in this annular shape. Communication is possible through a gap.
[0086]
The oil lock piece 211 is in parallel with the above-described minute gap formed between the fitting portion 271 and the oil lock case 207, and drills a communication oil passage 276 that connects the communication oil chamber 274 and the oil lock oil chamber 270. Install and prepare. The upper end opening of the communication oil passage 276 opens to the communication oil chamber 274 in a range from the reduced diameter portion 211C to the lower tapered portion 211E at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction of the reduced diameter portion 211C.
[0087]
The oil lock piece 211 has an opening at the other end of the communication oil passage 276 in a valve seat 278 formed by a bottom surface facing the oil lock oil chamber 270 inside the cup-shaped portion 211B. A check valve 277 composed of a plate valve is provided on the valve seat 278 of the section. The check valve 277 contacts and separates from the valve seat 278 inside the cup-shaped portion 211B to open and close the communication oil passage 276, and contacts the valve seat 278 of the cup-shaped portion 211B when the oil lock oil chamber 270 is pressurized. 276 is closed to prevent the flow of hydraulic oil from the oil lock oil chamber 270 to the communication oil chamber 274, and lifts away from the valve seat 278 of the cup-shaped portion 211B when the oil lock oil chamber 270 is under a negative pressure, whereby the communication oil passage is opened. 276 is opened to allow the flow of hydraulic oil from the communication oil chamber 274 to the oil lock oil chamber 270. The check valve 277 is supported from below by the inner stopper 273B of the annular body 273 pressed into the cup-shaped portion 211B of the oil lock piece 211 when the valve is lifted away from the valve seat 278 of the cup-shaped portion 211B. The inner stopper 273B allows the check valve 277 a certain amount of lift.
[0088]
Therefore, in the hydraulic shock absorber 20, the fitting portion 271 of the oil lock piece 211 is fitted to the inner periphery of the oil lock case 207 through a small gap at the time of the maximum compression, and the oil lock oil chamber 270 is pressurized. The above-mentioned check valve 277 provided in the oil lock piece 211 is opened to obtain an oil lock effect by the oil confined in the oil lock oil chamber 270 and compressed.
[0089]
In the hydraulic shock absorber 20, at the time of expansion after the most compression, the aforementioned check valve 277 provided in the oil lock piece 211 is opened by the negative pressure of the oil lock oil chamber 270, and the oil in the oil sump chamber 223 is opened. The chamber 221 communicates with the oil lock oil chamber 270 via the communication oil chamber 274 and the communication oil path 276 described above, so that the negative pressure of the oil lock oil chamber 270 can be quickly released, and the oil lock state can be smoothly released. I do.
[0090]
The check valve 277 is not limited to a plate valve, but may be a ball valve or the like that is biased to a closed position by a spring.
[0091]
In the hydraulic shock absorber 20, since the oil lock structure including the oil lock case 207 and the oil lock piece 211 is configured as described above, the following operations are provided.
[0092]
(1) A rod guide 212 for slidably supporting the piston rod 210 at the opening of the damper cylinder 206 is provided on the inner periphery of an oil lock piece 211 provided at the tip end of the damper cylinder 206. 212 defines an oil lock oil chamber 270. Therefore, the single rod guide portion 212 partitions the oil chambers 233A and 233B of the damper cylinder 206 and partitions the oil lock oil chamber 270, so that the configuration of the oil lock mechanism can be simplified and compact, and the cost can be reduced. .
[0093]
{Circle around (2)} A communication oil chamber 274 that allows the oil lock oil chamber 270 to communicate with the oil reservoir 223 is formed by a reduced diameter portion 211C on the outer periphery of the oil lock piece 211, and the communication oil chamber 274 is locked even when compressed most. Opened to the outside of case 207. Therefore, at the time of expansion after the most compression, a sufficient flow passage area of the return flow passage that connects the oil lock oil chamber 270 to the oil reservoir chamber 223 via the check valve 277, the communication oil path 276, and the communication oil chamber 274 can be secured. In addition, the negative pressure in the oil lock oil chamber 270 can be quickly eliminated, the oil lock state can be smoothly released, and riding comfort can be improved.
[0094]
{Circle around (3)} Since the oil lock piece 211 forms the large-capacity communication oil chamber 274 by the reduced diameter portion 211C, when the communication oil chamber 274 is extended, it functions as an oil sump for supplying hydraulic oil to the oil lock oil chamber 270, This is useful for quickly relieving the negative pressure in the oil lock oil chamber 270 during extension.
[0095]
(4) A return flow path from the oil lock oil chamber 270 to the oil storage chamber 223 is separately provided in the fitting portion 271 on the outer circumference of the oil lock piece 211 fitted on the inner circumference of the oil lock case 207 by the above (2). This is unnecessary, and the fitting portion 271 can be fixedly provided. Therefore, the outer diameter of the oil lock piece 211 is reduced, and the fitting portion 271 of the oil lock piece 211 and peripheral components (the axle tube 202, the oil The chance of interference with the lock case 207) can be reduced, and the occurrence of abrasion and hammering of the fitting portion 271 of the oil lock piece 211 can be reduced or suppressed.
[0096]
(5) Since the check valve 277 provided in the communication oil passage 276 of the oil lock piece 211 is a plate valve, the flow passage area of the return flow passage can be increased.
[0097]
{Circle around (6)} Since the fitting portion 271 of the oil lock piece 211 is constituted by the hard resin fitting ring 271A, it is assumed that the fitting portion 271 comes into contact with the inner circumference of the axle tube 202 or the inner circumference of the oil lock case 207. Does not produce a tapping sound.
[0098]
In the hydraulic shock absorber 20 as well, the plug 265 of the air passage 264 provided in the cap 205 is connected to the plug volt 120 of the air passage 119 provided in the cap 104 of the hydraulic shock absorber 10 in the same manner as in the plug bolt 120 of the air vent. May be provided.
[0099]
As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and there may be a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. This is also included in the present invention. For example, the present invention is also applicable to a hydraulic shock absorber in which dampers (a damper cylinder and a piston rod) are provided inside a vehicle body side tube and an axle side tube.
[0100]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, in the spring load adjusting device for the hydraulic shock absorber, the spring load of the suspension spring can be easily adjusted, and the air bleeding operation can be easily performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall sectional view showing a hydraulic shock absorber.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing one of right and left hydraulic shock absorbers.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the upper part of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the spring load adjusting device in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing spring load characteristics.
8A and 8B show a cap, wherein FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 8B is a plan view, and FIG. 8C is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.
9A and 9B show a spring adjuster, wherein FIG. 9A is a sectional view and FIG. 9B is a plan view.
FIGS. 10A and 10B show an operator, wherein FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 10B is a plan view.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a stopper bolt.
12A and 12B show a plug bolt, wherein FIG. 12A is a sectional view, FIG. 12B is an upper end view, and FIG. 12C is a lower end view.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the other of the left and right hydraulic shock absorbers.
FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the upper part of FIG.
FIG. 15 is a lower enlarged sectional view of FIG. 13;
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Hydraulic shock absorber
11 Suspension spring
12 Oil reservoir
12A oil chamber
12B Air chamber
101 Body side tube
102 Axle side tube
103A oil seal (seal member)
104 cap
105 Spring adjuster
106 operator
106A boss
106B Handle
107 Detent mechanism
119 Air passage
120 plug bolt

Claims (3)

The body side tube and the axle side tube are slidably fitted via a seal member,
An oil reservoir including an oil chamber and an air chamber is provided in the vehicle body side tube and the axle side tube,
A suspension spring is interposed between the vehicle body side tube and the axle side tube,
A cap for sealing the air chamber is provided at an upper end portion of the body-side tube, and a plug bolt is provided in an air passage communicating with the air chamber provided in the cap,
In the spring load adjusting device of the hydraulic shock absorber, wherein the spring load of the suspension spring is adjustable, and a spring adjuster having an operation element is rotatably provided on the cap and lockable via a detent mechanism.
An operating element of the spring adjuster has a boss portion and a plurality of grip portions extending in a radial direction from an outer periphery of the boss portion, and when the spring adjuster is locked to the cap by a detent mechanism, the operation is performed. A spring load adjusting device for a hydraulic shock absorber, wherein the plug bolt is formed between handle portions of a child. 2. The spring load adjusting device for a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein each handle of the operation element is formed at each of four equal positions along the outer periphery of the boss. 3. 3. The spring of the hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein each handle portion of the operation element goes down in a radially outward direction from the side of the boss portion so that the upper surface is inclined in a downward slope shape to reduce the thickness. 4. Load adjuster.

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