JP2004057884A - Treatment method of disposer wastewater and treatment equipment therefor - Google Patents

Treatment method of disposer wastewater and treatment equipment therefor Download PDF

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JP2004057884A
JP2004057884A JP2002217471A JP2002217471A JP2004057884A JP 2004057884 A JP2004057884 A JP 2004057884A JP 2002217471 A JP2002217471 A JP 2002217471A JP 2002217471 A JP2002217471 A JP 2002217471A JP 2004057884 A JP2004057884 A JP 2004057884A
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disposer
wastewater
phosphorus
sewage treatment
chemical
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Japanese (ja)
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Senichi Takarakura
宝蔵 銑一
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BEST TECH KK
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BEST TECH KK
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the sewage treatment cost of disposer wastewater or the amount of sludge discharged from a sewage treatment equipment by removing a phosphorus component contained in wastewater from a disposer being sewage being a high concentration wastewater with a high efficiency by less consumption of a phosphorus removing chemical agent. <P>SOLUTION: In a sewage treatment method allowing wastewater to flow in a disposer wastewater storage tank from respective disposers through a branch pipe connection pipe and a main pipe and cleaning the wastewater from the storage tank by the sewage treatment equipment for biological treatment, a phosphorus removing chemical agent injection unit, which comprises a chemical liquid tank for storing a solution of the phosphorus removing chemical agent, a chemical liquid injection pump and a pump operation panel is provided at every disposer and a predetermined amount of the chemical agent solution is allowed to get mixed in the wastewater in the vicinity of the discharge port of the disposer in synchronous relation to the operation of the disposer by the chemical liquid injection unit. An insoluble phosphorus compound formed by the reaction of the chemical agent and the phosphorus component in wastewater is separated and removed from wastewater in the disposer wastewater storage tank or the sewage treatment equipment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、集合住宅等に設置する所謂ディスポーザ対応型の生物汚水処理システムの改良に関するものであり、ディスポーザからの高濃度排水内へ必要最低限の燐除去用薬剤を適時に注入することにより、排水中の燐成分を効率よく除去できるようにしたディスポーザ排水の処理方法及び処理装置に関するものである。
【0002】
近年、一般家庭でも生ごみ処理用のディスポーザが広く利用され出しており、それに伴ってディスポーザから排出される高濃度排水の処理が新たな問題となりつつある。
即ち、これまで生ごみとして焼却処理されていた廃棄物が液体化されて汚水処理系統へ排出されてくるため、ディスポーザの普及前に比較して排汚水中の有機物量は20〜30%程度増えており、下水処理施設や汚水処理装置は過負荷稼働を余儀なくされる状態になっている。
【0003】
例えば、排出されてくる汚水がディスポーザ排水のみの場合には、汚水のBOD値が約5,500mg/lにも達する場合があり、ディスポーザ排水を処理対象とする汚水処理装置にあっては、単にBOD値のみならず、窒素や燐も同時に除去できるようにした所謂ディスポーザ対応型処理装置の設置が強く望まれている。
【0004】
図4は、マンション等の集合住宅に設けた従前のこの種ディスポーザ対応型の汚水処理システムの一例を示すものであり、処理排水W0 を下水道へ排出するようにした型式のものである。図4に於いてAは風呂や洗濯機、Bはディスポーザや台所の流し、Vはディスポーザ給水弁、Waは雑排水、Wbはディスポーザ排水、Cは汚水処理装置、C1 は反応槽、C2 は攪拌機、Fは沈澱槽、P0 は薬剤注入ポンプ、Tは燐除去用薬剤槽、Mは燐除去用薬剤、Wcは処理汚水、W0 は処理排水、Laは雑排水分岐接続管、Lbは雑排水の主排水管、Saはディスポーザ排水の分岐接続管、Sbはディスポーザ排水の主排水管、Eは下水管である。
【0005】
風呂や洗濯等からの雑排水Waと台所排水や高濃度のディスポーザからの排水(以下ディスポーザ排水と呼ぶ)Wbは、夫々異なる主排水管Lb、Sbを通して排出され、主排水管Lbを通して排出された雑排水Waは、従前通り直接下水管Eへ放流される。
【0006】
これに対して、前記ディスポーザ排水Wbは、主排水管Sbを通して汚水処理装置Cへ送られる。そして、汚水処理装置Cに於いて、生物学的方法等によって脱窒素及び脱BOD等の浄化処理が施されたあと、BODが約150〜200mg/l程度の処理汚水Wcとなって沈澱槽Fへ送られ、ここで後述する不溶性の燐化合物が沈澱分離されたあと、排水W0 が下水管Eへ放流されて行く。
【0007】
前記汚水処理装置Cの反応槽C1 へは、薬剤注入ポンプP0 により適宜の燐除去用薬剤(例えば、塩化第二鉄溶液)Mが適宜量づつ燐除去用薬剤槽Tから連続的又は間欠的に供給される。
この燐除去用薬剤Mの供給により、薬剤M中の金属イオン(例えば鉄イオン)と排水Wb内の燐酸イオンとが結合反応(−PO4 +FeCl3 →FePO4 ↓+Cl−)をし、不溶性の燐化合物(例えばFePO4 )が形成される。
【0008】
上記燐除去用薬剤Mの注入により形成された不溶性の燐化合物は、汚水処理装置Dや沈澱槽Fからの汚泥として最終的には外部へ分離排出され、また燐成分が除去された処理排水W0 は、下水管Eへ排出されて行く。
【0009】
図5は、処理排水W0 を主として一般公共水路等へ排出するようにした型式の従前のディスポーザ対応型汚水処理システムの一例を示すものであり、図5に於いて、Dは汚水処理装置を構成する汚水浄化槽、D1 は調整槽、P1 は汚水汲上ポンプ、Rは汲上管路、Qは合流主排水管である。
当該図6の汚水処理システムでは、雑排水Wa及びディスポーザ排水Wb等が1本の合流主排水管Qを通して汚水浄化槽Dの調整槽D1 内へ排出され、その後、汚水汲上ポンプP1 により適宜量づつ汚水処理部へ送られる。
【0010】
また、反応槽C1 と汲上管路Rの何れか一方又は両方へは、燐除去用薬剤Mが適宜量づつ連続的又は間欠的に供給され、これによって図4の場合と同様に、排水W内の燐成分の除去が行なわれる。
更に、前記汚水浄化槽Dに於いて脱窒素、脱BOD及び脱燐等の処理が施されBOD値が約15〜20mg/l程度に浄化された処理排水W0 は、公共水路(図示省略)等へ放流されて行く。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
而して、前記ディスポーザ排水Wbや排水W内に含まれている燐成分を効率よく除去するためには、ディスポーザ排水Wb等が排出された直後に適宜量の燐除去用薬剤Mをその内部へ注入し、両者を十分に攪拌・混合すると共に、必要且つ十分な反応時間を確保する必要がある。
これに対して、図4に示した型式の従前の汚水処理システムにあっては、汚水処理装置C内へのディスポーザ排水Wbの流入状況とは無関係に、予かじめ設定した量の燐除去用薬剤Mが反応槽C1 内へ間欠的又は連続的に注入する構成となっているため、ディスポーザ排水Wbの流入量の多い時には燐除去率が必然的に低下することになる。
【0012】
その結果、燐除去率を常に所定の値以上に保持しようとすれば、必然的に薬剤Mの投入量を増さねばならないことになり、薬剤費が嵩むだけではなしに薬剤Mの未反応物が汚泥となって系外へ排出されることにより、様々な不都合を起生することになる。
【0013】
また、汚水処理装置Cの反応槽C1 内へ燐除去用薬剤Mを注入する構成としているため、反応槽C1 の容量の点から処理汚水の滞留時間を長く取ることが困難となり、その結果、前述の場合と同様に薬剤Mの注入量を増すことによって所定の燐除去率を達成しなければならず、汚泥として排出される未反応薬剤の処理や薬剤費の高騰等の問題を生ずることになる。
【0014】
更に、薬剤Mの注入により燐の安定した除去を行なうためには、熟練技術者による燐除去装置等の運転及び保守管理が不可欠となり、汚水処理装置の運転及び管理費が高騰すると云う問題がある。
【0015】
一方、図5に示した従前の汚水浄化槽対応型の汚水処理システムにあっては、汚水汲上ポンプP1 の運転と燐除去用薬剤注入ポンプP0 の運転とを同期させることにより、燐除去用薬剤Mの注入量及び注入時期を図5の場合よりも高精度に制御することができる。
【0016】
しかし、汚水浄化槽D内へはディスポーザ排水Wbと雑排水Waの両方が合流主排水管Qを通して排出されるため、被処理汚水Wの量が大幅に増加することになる。
その結果、比較的少量のディスポーザ排水Wbが排出される場合であっても、大量の被処理汚水Wに対応する量の燐除去用薬剤Mを注入しなければならず、薬剤使用量の増加や未反応薬剤に起因する排出汚泥の増加等の問題が生ずることになる。
【0017】
【発明が解決しようとする問題点】
本発明は、従前の集合住宅等に設置したディスポーザ排水等を処理対象とする燐除去を可能とした汚水処理システムに於ける上述の如き問題、即ち▲1▼図4に示した下水道対応型の汚水処理システムでは、汚水処理装置Cへのディスポーザ排水Wbの流入状況と関係なしに予かじめ設定された量の燐除去用薬剤Mが反応槽C1 内へ注入されるため、安定して高い燐除去率を得ることが困難なこと、▲2▼燐除去率を高めるために燐除去用薬剤Mの注入量を増すと、汚水処理装置のランニングコストが高騰するだけでなく、汚泥となって排出される未反応薬剤Mの処理が必要になること、▲3▼図5に示した浄化槽対応型の汚水処理システムでは、被処理汚水Wが大量となるため、薬剤Mの注入量が増加するうえ注入した薬剤Mの反応率が必然的に低下することになり、前記▲2▼と同様の問題が発生すること及び▲4▼燐除去を安定に行なうには、高度な燐除去装置の運転管理や保守管理が必要となり、ランニングコストが高騰すること等の問題を解決せんとするものであり、各ディスポーザからディスポーザ排水Wbが排出され出した直後に、各ディスポーザ排水Wbの内部へ所定量の燐除去用薬剤Mを夫々自動的に注入することにより、高能率で経済的に、しかも高い除去率でもって燐の除去を行なうことが出来るようにしたディスポーザ排水の処理方法と処理装置を提供せんとするものである。
【0018】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1の発明は、各ディスポーザからの排水を分岐接続管及び主排水管を経て排水を生物処理する汚水処理装置により浄化する汚水処理方法に於いて、前記各ディスポーザ毎に、燐除去用薬剤の溶液を貯留する薬液槽と薬液注入ポンプとから成る燐除去用薬剤注入ユニットを設け、当該薬剤注入ユニットによりディスポーザの作動と同期して所定量の薬剤溶液をディスポーザの排出口の近傍に於いて排水内へ混入させ、当該薬剤と排水内の燐成分との反応により生成された不溶性燐化合物を前記汚水処理装置に於いて排水内から分離除去することを発明の基本構成とするものである。
【0019】
請求項2の発明は、請求項1の発明に於いて、薬剤注入ユニットからの薬液をディスポーザ排水の分岐接続管の管路内へ注入するようにしたものである。
【0020】
請求項3の発明は、請求項1の発明に於いて汚水処理装置を、調整槽と反応槽を備えた汚水浄化槽としたものである。
【0021】
請求項4の発明は、請求項3の発明に於いて薬剤注入ユニットを、各ディスポーザの作動開始と同時又は作動開始から所定時間遅れて薬剤注入ポンプを作動させると共に、各ディスポーザの作動停止と同時又は作動停止から所定時間遅れて薬剤注入ポンプを停止させるようにしたものである。
【0022】
請求項5の発明は、各ディスポーザからの排水を汚水処理装置へ導出する分岐接続管及び主排水管と、ディスポーザ排水貯留槽からの排水を生物処理する汚水処理装置と、前記各ディスポーザ毎に設けた燐除去用薬剤の溶液を貯留する薬液槽と薬剤注入ポンプとから成る燐除去用薬剤注入ユニットとから構成され、ディスポーザの作動と同期して所定量の薬液溶液を分岐接続管内の排水中へ注入し、薬剤と排水中の燐成分との反応により生成された不溶性燐化合物を汚水処理装置に於いて排水内から分離除去するようにしたことを発明の基本構成とするものである。
【0023】
請求項6の発明は、請求項5の発明に於いて汚水処理装置を、調整槽と反応槽とを備えた汚水浄化槽としたものである。
【0024】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に基づいて本発明の実施形態を説明する。図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る汚水処理システムの全体系統図であり、第2図はディスポーザに付設する燐除去用薬剤注入ユニットの概要図である。
尚、図1及び図2に於いて、前記従来例を示す第4図と同じ部位・部材には、これと同一の参照番号が使用されている。
【0025】
図1及び図2に於いて、Aは各家庭に設けた風呂や洗濯機の雑排水放出源、Bはディスポーザや台所流し、Vはディスポーザ用の自動給水弁、Waは雑排水、Wbはディスポーザや台所流しからの排水(以下ディスポーザ排水と呼ぶ)、Wcは処理汚水、W0 は処理排水、Cは汚水処理装置、Fは沈澱槽、Laは雑排水の分岐接続管、Lbは雑排水の主排水管、Saはディスポーザ排水の分岐接続管、Sbはディスポーザ排水の主排水管、Eは下水管であり、これ等の各部材は図5に示した従前の汚水処理システムの場合と同一である。
【0026】
本発明に於いては、各家庭等に設置したディスポーザB毎に、夫々専用の燐除去用薬剤注入ユニットUが設けられており、当該注入ユニットUから、各ディスポーザBが作動してディスポーザ排水Wbが分岐接続管La内へ排出される毎に、当該排水Wb内へ所定量の燐除去用薬剤Mが注入される。
【0027】
即ち、燐除去用薬剤注入ユニットUは、図2に示す如く薬液槽1と薬液注入ポンプ2とポンプ操作盤3等を一体的に組付けすることにより構成されており、薬液注入ポンプ2の吐出側は各ディスポーザBの分岐接続管Saのディスポーザ排出口寄り位置Pに接続されている。
尚、図2に於いて、Vはディスポーザ用自動給水弁であり、ディスポーザB内へ所定量の生ごみ等が投入され、クラッシャーモータ(図示省略)が回転される直前に自動的に開弁される。また、クラッシャーモータの回転が停止され、内部の破砕物が完全に洗浄排出されると自動的に閉弁される。
更に、ディスポーザBには、食器洗浄器(図示省略)からの洗浄排水をディスポーザBを通して排水Wb内へ排出する構成としたものが存在するが、ディスポーザBそのものは公知であるため、ここではその説明を省略する。
【0028】
前記ポンプ操作盤3は、薬剤注入ポンプ2の起動・停止等を制御するものであり、ディスポーザBからその作動信号(クラッシャーモータの起動時信号)や停止信号、自動給水弁Vの給水開始信号、給水停止信号等が入力される。
即ち、ポンプ操作盤3へ前記ディスポーザ作動信号が入力されると、これと連動して薬剤注入ポンプ2が起動される。当該薬剤注入ポンプ2は、ディスポーザ排水Wbの排出継続中その運転が継続され、その間に前記ディスポーザ排水Wbの総排水量に見合った量の燐除去用薬剤Mが分岐接続管Sb内へ供給される。
【0029】
前記ポンプ操作盤3には、ディスポーザ作動信号の入力から薬剤注入ポンプ2の起動までの時間を調整するタイマーや薬剤注入ポンプ2の作動継続時間等を設定するタイマーが設けられており、分岐接続管Sbの薬剤注入箇所Pへ排出されたディスポーザ排水Wbが丁度到達したときに薬剤Mの注入が開始され、また、ディスポーザ排水Wbの全量が前記薬剤注入箇所Pを通過したときに、所要量の薬剤Mの注入が完了するように、前記各タイマーの時間設定が行なわれる。
【0030】
尚、ディスポーザBの自動給水弁Vの起動信号等を用いて薬剤注入ポンプ2の運転制御を行なう場合も同様であり、ディスポーザBへの給水が開始されたあと、前記分岐接続管Sbの薬剤注入箇所Pへディスポーザ排水Wbが丁度到達したときに薬剤Mの注入を開始し、また排出されたディスポーザ排水Wbの全量が注入箇所Pを通過し終ったときに、所定量の薬剤注入が完了するように、前記各タイマー等の時間が設定される。
【0031】
前記燐除去用薬剤Mとしては、ディスポーザ排水Wb内の燐イオンと結合して不溶性化合物を生成する金属塩であれば如何なるものであってもよく、一般にはアルミニウム塩(硫酸アルミニウムやポリ塩化アルミニウム)や鉄塩(硫酸第二鉄や塩化第二鉄)が多く利用される。
本実施例では、塩化第二鉄溶液を燐除去用薬剤Mとして使用しており、前述の如く、排水内の燐酸イオン−PO4 と鉄イオン等とを結合させて(−PO4 +FeCl3 →FePO4 ↓+Cl−)、不溶性の燐酸鉄を形成させ、これを汚水処理装置D内で沈澱分離して系外へ排出することにより、排水中の燐を除去するようにしている。
【0032】
前記燐除去用薬剤注入ユニットUは、各ディスポーザBから排水Wbが排出される毎に作動され、ディスポーザ排水Wbが薬剤注入箇所Pを通過する間に、ディスポーザ排水量に見合った量の薬剤Mがその内部へ略均等に注入される。
【0033】
また、注入された薬剤Mは、排水Wbが分岐接続管Sb及び主排水管Saを流通する間に排水Wbと十分に混合される。即ち、混合物の流動距離が長いだけ両者は十分に攪拌混合されることになり薬剤Mの反応率が高くなる。
その結果、薬剤消費量を大幅に削減できるだけでなく、未反応薬剤の残量が減少することにより、汚水処理装置Cからの排出汚泥量も大幅に減少することになる。
【0034】
燐除去用薬剤Mが混入されたディスポーザ排水Wbは、排水管Sbを通して汚水処理装置C内へ流入する。この間に、注入された薬剤Mの大部分は排水Wb内の燐酸と結合し、形成された不溶性化合物は汚水処理装置C内へ移行する。
【0035】
前記汚水処理装置C内へ移行した不溶性燐化合物や汚水処理装置C内で生成された不溶性燐化合物は、汚水処理装置Cの前段の沈澱部(第1嫌気処理部)や最終段の処理汚水Wcの沈澱槽Fに於いて沈澱分離され、汚泥として定期的に槽外へ排出される。
【0036】
【実施例】
下記の如き生ごみ及び台所排水を排出する合計20戸の家庭から成るマンションに図1に示す如き構成の合併処理用浄化装置を備えた汚水処理ユニットを設け、ディスポーザ排水Wbを浄化処理した。
【0037】
【表1】

Figure 2004057884
【0038】
また、各ディスポーザBの作動毎に、総量180ccの塩化第二鉄溶液(濃度20%)をディスポーザ排水Wb内へ注入した。尚、ディスポーザ排水Wbの1回当りの排水量は10l/回であった。
【0039】
上述の如き燐の除去処理をした結果、処理排水W0 内の燐濃度は平均0.5mg/lとなった。
またこの時のBOD値は平均6mg/l、COD値は16mg/lとなった。
【0040】
これに対して、本発明に係る燐除去用薬剤注入ユニットUを使用しない場合には、処理排水W0 内の燐濃度は3.5mg/lであった。また、図5の反応槽C1 内へ薬剤Mを間欠的に注入する燐除去用薬剤注入装置を使用した場合、処理排水W0 内の燐濃度を平均0.5mg/l程度とするためには、薬剤Mの使用量が本発明の場合に比較して約3倍以上となることが確認されている。
【0041】
図3は本発明の他の実施形態を示すものであり、風呂A等の雑排水Waとディスポーザ排水Wbを合流させ、一本の合流主排水管Qを通して汚水浄化槽Dの調整槽D1 内へ排水Wb、Waの合流排水Wを流入させる構成としたものである。尚、本実施形態の場合には、薬剤注入箇所PをディスポーザBの排水口の直近とするのが望ましい。
【0042】
【発明の効果】
本発明では、各家庭毎に燐除去用薬剤注入ユニットUを設け、この薬剤注入ユニットUから所定量の燐除去用薬剤Mを、ディスポーザ排水Wbの排出と同期せしめディスポーザ排水の排出口の近傍で排水Wb内へ注入する構成としている。その結果、所定量の薬剤Mが排水Wbの排出直後にその内部へ混入されることになり、排水Wbが汚水処理装置へ流入するまでの間に、薬剤Mの大部分が排水Wb内の燐酸と反応をする。また、薬剤注入ユニットUにより、ディスポーザBからの排水Wbの総量に丁度見合う量だけの薬剤Mが排水Wb内へ混入され、余剰な薬剤の注入が大幅に減少する。
そのため、薬剤使用量の削減及び未反応薬剤の排出減による余剰汚泥の発生の防止が図れ、燐除去処理コストの大幅な低減が可能となるだけでなく、より少ない薬剤消費でもって高い燐除去率を得ることが出来る。
本発明は上述の通り優れた実用的効用を奏するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施形態を示す全体系統図である。
【図2】ディスポーザに付設する薬剤注入ユニットの概要図である。
【図3】本発明の第2実施形態を示す全体系統図である。
【図4】従前のディスポーザ排水の処理系統を示す概要説明図である。
【図5】従前のディスポーザ排水の処理系統の他の例を示す概要説明図である。
【符号の説明】
Aは風呂や台所流し等、Bはディスポーザ、Vはディスポーザ用の自動給水弁、Waは雑排水、Wbはディスポーザ排水、Wは合流排水、Wcは処理汚水、W0 は処理排水、Laは雑排水分岐接続管、Lbは雑排水の主排水管、Saはディスポーザ排水の分岐接続管、Sbはディスポーザ排水の主排水管、Rは汲上管路、Eは下水管、Cは汚水処理装置、Dは汚水浄化槽、Fは沈澱槽、P1 は汚水汲上ポンプ、P0 は薬剤注入ポンプ、Tは燐除去用薬剤槽、Mは燐除去用薬剤、Uは燐除去用薬剤注入ユニット、1は薬液槽、2は薬液注入ポンプ、3はポンプ操作盤、Pは薬液注入箇所、Qは合流主排水管。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement of a so-called disposer-compatible biological sewage treatment system installed in an apartment house or the like, by injecting a minimum amount of a phosphorus removing agent into a high-concentration wastewater from a disposer in a timely manner. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating a disposer wastewater capable of efficiently removing a phosphorus component in the wastewater.
[0002]
In recent years, disposers for treating garbage have been widely used in ordinary households, and accordingly, treatment of high-concentration wastewater discharged from the disposers is becoming a new problem.
In other words, the waste that has been incinerated as garbage is liquefied and discharged to the sewage treatment system, so that the amount of organic matter in the sewage increases by about 20 to 30% compared to before disposers became popular. As a result, sewage treatment facilities and sewage treatment equipment must be overloaded.
[0003]
For example, when the discharged sewage is only the disposer effluent, the BOD value of the sewage may reach about 5,500 mg / l. There is a strong demand for a so-called disposer-compatible processing apparatus capable of simultaneously removing not only the BOD value but also nitrogen and phosphorus.
[0004]
Figure 4 shows an example of this type disposable corresponding type sewage treatment system of the previous provided to the set housing such as apartments, the process waste water W 0 is of the type which is adapted to discharge to the sewer. In FIG 4 A is a bath and washing machine, B is sink disposer and kitchen, V is disposer water supply valve, Wa is gray water, Wb is disposer waste water, C is sewage treatment apparatus, C 1 is the reaction vessel, C 2 stirrer, F is the precipitation tank, P 0 is the infusion pump, T is chemical tank for phosphorus removal, M drug for phosphorus removal, Wc processing sewage, W 0 is treated wastewater, La is wastewater branch connecting pipe, Lb Is a main drainage pipe for miscellaneous drainage, Sa is a branch connection pipe for disposer drainage, Sb is a main drainage pipe for disposer drainage, and E is a sewer pipe.
[0005]
Miscellaneous wastewater Wa from a bath, washing, etc., and kitchen wastewater and wastewater from a high-concentration disposer (hereinafter referred to as disposer wastewater) Wb are discharged through different main drain pipes Lb and Sb, respectively, and discharged through the main drain pipe Lb. The gray water Wa is discharged directly to the sewer pipe E as before.
[0006]
On the other hand, the disposer wastewater Wb is sent to the sewage treatment apparatus C through the main drain pipe Sb. Then, in the sewage treatment apparatus C, after purification treatment such as denitrification and de-BOD is performed by a biological method or the like, the BOD becomes treated sewage Wc of about 150 to 200 mg / l, and the sedimentation tank F sent to, after the phosphorus compound insoluble to be described later is precipitated separated here, waste water W 0 is gradually being discharged into the sewer E.
[0007]
Wherein the reaction vessel C 1 of the sewage treatment apparatus C, appropriate phosphorus removal agent by infusion pump P 0 (e.g., ferric chloride solution) continuously or intermittently from the M drug tank T for a proper amount at a time phosphorus removal Supplied.
By the supply of the phosphorus removing agent M, a metal ion (for example, iron ion) in the agent M and a phosphate ion in the wastewater Wb undergo a binding reaction (−PO 4 + FeCl 3 → FePO 4 ↓ + Cl−), and the insoluble A phosphorus compound (eg, FePO 4 ) is formed.
[0008]
The insoluble phosphorus compound formed by the injection of the phosphorus removing agent M is finally separated and discharged to the outside as sludge from the sewage treatment apparatus D or the sedimentation tank F, and the treated wastewater W from which the phosphorus component has been removed. 0 is discharged to the sewer pipe E.
[0009]
Figure 5 shows an example of a conventional disposer corresponding type sewage treatment system of the type which is adapted to discharge treated wastewater W 0 primarily to general public canals, in FIG. 5, D is a sewage treatment apparatus septic tank constituting, D 1 is adjustment tank, P 1 is sewage pumping pumps, R represents scooping conduit, Q is merging main drainage pipe.
The wastewater treatment system of the Figure 6, the gray water Wa and disposer waste water Wb, etc., are discharged through a single merging main drainage pipe Q to septic tank D for adjustment tank D 1, then a proper amount by sewage pumped pump P 1 It is sent to the sewage treatment section one by one.
[0010]
Further, to either one or both of the reaction vessel C 1 and pumping pipe R, pharmaceutical phosphorus removal M is continuously or intermittently supplied proper amount at a time, whereby as in the case of FIG. 4, the waste water W The removal of the phosphorus component inside is performed.
Further, the septic tank denitrification In D, wastewater W 0 being purified to BOD value processing such as de-BOD and dephosphorization is performed is about 15-20 mg / l, the public waterways (not shown) or the like It is released to.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to efficiently remove the phosphorus component contained in the disposer wastewater Wb and the wastewater W, an appropriate amount of the phosphorus removing agent M is discharged into the inside immediately after the discharge of the disposer wastewater Wb and the like. It is necessary to inject, mix and stir both well, and secure a necessary and sufficient reaction time.
On the other hand, in the conventional sewage treatment system of the type shown in FIG. 4, a predetermined amount of phosphorus removal is set regardless of the inflow of the disposer wastewater Wb into the sewage treatment apparatus C. since the drug M is is configured to intermittently or continuously injected into the reaction vessel C 1, so that the phosphorous removal rate is inevitably reduced when a lot of inflow of disposer waste water Wb.
[0012]
As a result, in order to always maintain the phosphorus removal rate at or above a predetermined value, the amount of the drug M to be supplied must be increased, which not only increases the drug cost but also increases the unreacted material of the drug M. Is discharged out of the system as sludge, causing various inconveniences.
[0013]
Also, since you are configured to inject a medicament for phosphorus removal M to the reaction vessel C in the first sewage treatment apparatus C, it is difficult to lengthen the residence time of the processing wastewater in terms of volume of the reaction vessel C 1, as a result As described above, it is necessary to achieve a predetermined phosphorus removal rate by increasing the injection amount of the chemical M, which causes problems such as treatment of unreacted chemicals discharged as sludge and high chemical costs. become.
[0014]
Furthermore, in order to perform stable removal of phosphorus by injecting the chemical M, operation and maintenance of a phosphorus removal device and the like by a skilled technician are indispensable, and there is a problem that operation and management costs of the sewage treatment device rise. .
[0015]
On the other hand, in the conventional septic tank corresponding type sewage treatment system shown in FIG. 5, by synchronizing the operation of the operation and phosphorus removal infusion pump P 0 of sewage pumping pumps P 1, for phosphorus removal The injection amount and injection timing of the medicine M can be controlled with higher accuracy than in the case of FIG.
[0016]
However, since both the disposer wastewater Wb and the miscellaneous wastewater Wa are discharged into the sewage purification tank D through the merged main drainage pipe Q, the amount of the sewage W to be treated is greatly increased.
As a result, even when a relatively small amount of the disposer wastewater Wb is discharged, a large amount of the phosphorus removing agent M corresponding to a large amount of the sewage W to be treated must be injected, thereby increasing the amount of the agent used. Problems such as an increase in discharged sludge caused by unreacted chemicals will occur.
[0017]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention relates to the above-mentioned problem in a sewage treatment system capable of removing phosphorus for treating a disposer wastewater or the like installed in a conventional apartment house or the like, namely, (1) a sewage treatment type shown in FIG. the wastewater treatment system, since the disposer waste water Wb pre beforehand set amount of phosphorus removal agent M without inflow conditions and relationships to sewage treatment apparatus C is injected into the reaction vessel C 1, high stability It is difficult to obtain the phosphorus removal rate. (2) If the injection amount of the phosphorus removing agent M is increased to increase the phosphorus removal rate, the running cost of the sewage treatment apparatus rises, and sludge becomes sludge. (3) In the septic tank-compatible sewage treatment system shown in FIG. 5, the amount of the sewage to be treated W becomes large, so that the injection amount of the drug M increases. The reaction rate of the injected drug M is As a result, the same problem as in the above item (2) occurs, and (4) stable operation of phosphorus removal requires advanced operation and maintenance management of the phosphorus removal device. It is intended to solve the problem of soaring costs, etc., and immediately after the disposer wastewater Wb is discharged from each disposer, a predetermined amount of the phosphorus removing agent M is automatically injected into each disposer wastewater Wb. It is an object of the present invention to provide a disposer wastewater treatment method and apparatus capable of removing phosphorus by high efficiency, economical and at a high removal rate by injecting the wastewater.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is a method for purifying wastewater from each disposer by a wastewater treatment apparatus for biologically treating the wastewater through a branch connection pipe and a main drainage pipe, wherein each of the disposers is provided with a chemical for removing phosphorus. A chemical solution tank for storing a solution of the above and a chemical solution injection unit for removing phosphorus comprising a chemical solution injection pump, and a predetermined amount of the chemical solution is supplied by the chemical injection unit in the vicinity of the discharge port of the disposer in synchronization with the operation of the disposer. The basic constitution of the present invention is to mix in the wastewater and separate and remove the insoluble phosphorus compound generated by the reaction between the chemical and the phosphorus component in the wastewater from the wastewater in the sewage treatment apparatus.
[0019]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the chemical solution from the chemical injection unit is injected into the branch connection pipe of the disposer drainage.
[0020]
A third aspect of the present invention is the sewage treatment apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the sewage treatment apparatus is a sewage purification tank having an adjustment tank and a reaction tank.
[0021]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the medicine injection unit operates the medicine injection pump simultaneously with the start of operation of each disposer or a predetermined time after the start of operation, and simultaneously with the stop of operation of each disposer. Alternatively, the drug infusion pump is stopped after a predetermined time delay from the stoppage of operation.
[0022]
The invention according to claim 5 is provided for each of the disposers, a branch connection pipe and a main drainage pipe for leading wastewater from each disposer to a sewage treatment apparatus, a wastewater treatment apparatus for biologically treating wastewater from a disposer wastewater storage tank, and each of the disposers. A chemical solution tank for storing the solution of the phosphorus-removing drug, and a phosphorus-injecting drug injection unit including a drug injecting pump. In synchronization with the operation of the disposer, a predetermined amount of the chemical solution is discharged into the drainage in the branch connection pipe. The basic structure of the present invention is to inject, and to separate and remove insoluble phosphorus compounds generated by a reaction between a chemical and a phosphorus component in wastewater from wastewater in a sewage treatment apparatus.
[0023]
A sixth aspect of the present invention is the sewage treatment apparatus according to the fifth aspect, wherein the sewage treatment apparatus is a sewage purification tank including an adjustment tank and a reaction tank.
[0024]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of a sewage treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phosphorus removal chemical injection unit attached to a disposer.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts and members as in FIG. 4 showing the conventional example.
[0025]
In FIGS. 1 and 2, A is a source of miscellaneous wastewater from a bath or a washing machine provided in each household, B is a disposer or kitchen sink, V is an automatic water supply valve for the disposer, Wa is miscellaneous wastewater, and Wb is a disposer. and waste water from the kitchen sink (hereinafter referred to as disposer waste water), Wc is treated sewage, W 0 is treated wastewater, C is sewage treatment apparatus, F is the precipitation tank, a branch connecting pipe of La is gray water, Lb is the gray water A main drain pipe, Sa is a branch connecting pipe of the disposer drain, Sb is a main drain pipe of the disposer drain, E is a sewer pipe, and these members are the same as those in the conventional sewage treatment system shown in FIG. is there.
[0026]
In the present invention, a dedicated phosphorus removing chemical injection unit U is provided for each disposer B installed in each home or the like. From the injection unit U, each disposer B operates to dispose the disposer drainage Wb. Every time is discharged into the branch connection pipe La, a predetermined amount of the phosphorus removing agent M is injected into the drainage Wb.
[0027]
That is, the phosphorus removal chemical injection unit U is configured by integrally assembling a chemical liquid tank 1, a chemical liquid injection pump 2, a pump operation panel 3, and the like as shown in FIG. The side is connected to a position P near the disposer discharge port of the branch connection pipe Sa of each disposer B.
In FIG. 2, V denotes an automatic water supply valve for a disposer, and a predetermined amount of garbage is put into the disposer B, which is automatically opened immediately before a crusher motor (not shown) is rotated. You. In addition, when the rotation of the crusher motor is stopped and the crushed material inside is completely washed and discharged, the valve is automatically closed.
Further, there is a disposer B in which washing wastewater from a dishwasher (not shown) is discharged into the wastewater Wb through the disposer B. However, since the disposer B itself is known, its description will be given here. Is omitted.
[0028]
The pump operation panel 3 controls the start / stop of the drug infusion pump 2 and the like. From the disposer B, an operation signal (a signal at the time of starting the crusher motor) and a stop signal, a water supply start signal of the automatic water supply valve V, A water supply stop signal or the like is input.
That is, when the disposer operation signal is input to the pump operation panel 3, the drug injection pump 2 is started in conjunction with the signal. The operation of the chemical infusion pump 2 is continued while the discharge of the disposer drainage Wb is continued, and during that time, an amount of the phosphorus removing agent M corresponding to the total drainage of the disposer drainage Wb is supplied into the branch connection pipe Sb.
[0029]
The pump operation panel 3 is provided with a timer for adjusting the time from the input of the disposer operation signal to the activation of the drug infusion pump 2 and a timer for setting the operation continuation time of the drug infusion pump 2 and the like. The injection of the medicine M is started when the disposer wastewater Wb discharged to the medicine injection point P of Sb has just arrived, and when the entire amount of the disposer wastewater Wb has passed the medicine injection point P, the required amount of medicine is discharged. The time of each of the timers is set so that the injection of M is completed.
[0030]
The same applies to the case where the operation control of the chemical injection pump 2 is performed using a start signal of the automatic water supply valve V of the disposer B, and the like, and after the water supply to the disposer B is started, the chemical injection of the branch connection pipe Sb is performed. The injection of the medicine M is started when the disposer drainage Wb has just reached the point P, and the injection of a predetermined amount of the medicine is completed when the entire amount of the discharged disposer drainage Wb has passed through the injection point P. Then, the time of each of the timers is set.
[0031]
As the phosphorus removing agent M, any metal salt may be used as long as it binds to phosphorus ions in the disposer wastewater Wb to form an insoluble compound, and is generally an aluminum salt (aluminum sulfate or polyaluminum chloride). And iron salts (ferric sulfate and ferric chloride) are often used.
In the present embodiment, the ferric chloride solution is used as the phosphorus removing agent M, and as described above, the phosphate ions -PO 4 in the waste water are combined with iron ions or the like (-PO 4 + FeCl 3 → FePO 4 ↓ + Cl−) and insoluble iron phosphate are formed, and the precipitate is separated in the sewage treatment apparatus D and discharged out of the system to remove phosphorus in the wastewater.
[0032]
The phosphorus removing chemical injection unit U is activated each time the wastewater Wb is discharged from each of the disposers B, and while the disposer wastewater Wb passes through the chemical injection point P, the amount of the chemical M corresponding to the disposer drainage amount is increased. It is almost evenly injected into the interior.
[0033]
Further, the injected medicine M is sufficiently mixed with the drainage Wb while the drainage Wb flows through the branch connection pipe Sb and the main drainage pipe Sa. That is, as the flow distance of the mixture is longer, the two are sufficiently stirred and mixed, and the reaction rate of the drug M is increased.
As a result, not only can the chemical consumption be significantly reduced, but also the amount of sludge discharged from the sewage treatment apparatus C is significantly reduced due to the decrease in the remaining amount of the unreacted chemical.
[0034]
The disposer wastewater Wb mixed with the phosphorus removing agent M flows into the sewage treatment apparatus C through the drain pipe Sb. During this time, most of the injected drug M combines with the phosphoric acid in the wastewater Wb, and the formed insoluble compound moves into the sewage treatment apparatus C.
[0035]
The insoluble phosphorus compound transferred into the sewage treatment apparatus C and the insoluble phosphorus compound generated in the sewage treatment apparatus C are separated from the sedimentation section (first anaerobic treatment section) in the preceding stage of the sewage treatment apparatus C and the effluent Wc in the final stage. In the sedimentation tank F, and is periodically discharged out of the tank as sludge.
[0036]
【Example】
A sewage treatment unit equipped with a merger treatment purification apparatus having a configuration as shown in FIG. 1 was provided in an apartment consisting of a total of 20 households discharging kitchen garbage and kitchen wastewater as described below to purify the disposer wastewater Wb.
[0037]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004057884
[0038]
In addition, every time each disposer B was operated, a total of 180 cc of a ferric chloride solution (concentration: 20%) was injected into the disposer drainage Wb. In addition, the amount of wastewater per discharge of the disposer wastewater Wb was 10 l / time.
[0039]
As a result of the removal treatment of the above such as phosphorus, phosphorus concentration in the wastewater treatment W 0 is an average of 0.5 mg / l.
At this time, the BOD value was 6 mg / l on average, and the COD value was 16 mg / l.
[0040]
In contrast, in the case of not using the drug infusion unit U for phosphorus removal in accordance with the present invention, the phosphorus concentration in the treated waste water W 0 was 3.5 mg / l. Also, when using the reaction vessel drug infusion device for phosphorus removal for intermittently injecting the drug M to C 1 in FIG. 5, to the phosphorus concentration in the treated waste water W 0 and having an average 0.5 mg / l It has been confirmed that the use amount of the drug M is about three times or more as compared with the case of the present invention.
[0041]
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, is combined with gray water Wa and disposer drainage Wb such bath A, the septic tank D for adjustment tank D 1 through a single merge main drainage pipe Q In this configuration, the combined drainage W of the drains Wb and Wa is allowed to flow. In the case of the present embodiment, it is desirable that the medicine injection point P is located immediately near the drain port of the disposer B.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, a phosphorus removing drug injection unit U is provided for each household, and a predetermined amount of the phosphorus removing drug M is synchronized with the discharge of the disposer drainage Wb from the drug injection unit U in the vicinity of the discharge outlet of the disposer drainage. It is configured to inject into the drainage Wb. As a result, a predetermined amount of the chemical M is mixed into the wastewater Wb immediately after the wastewater is discharged, and most of the chemical M is contained in the phosphoric acid in the wastewater Wb before the wastewater Wb flows into the sewage treatment apparatus. Reacts with Further, the medicine injecting unit U mixes the medicine M in an amount just corresponding to the total amount of the wastewater Wb from the disposer B into the wastewater Wb, and the injection of excess medicine is greatly reduced.
As a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of chemicals used and to prevent the generation of excess sludge due to the reduction in the amount of unreacted chemicals, thereby enabling not only a significant reduction in the cost of phosphorus removal treatment but also a high phosphorus removal rate with less chemical consumption. Can be obtained.
The present invention has excellent practical utility as described above.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a medicine injection unit attached to a disposer.
FIG. 3 is an overall system diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a conventional disposer wastewater treatment system.
FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view showing another example of a conventional disposer wastewater treatment system.
[Explanation of symbols]
And A is passed through the bath and kitchen, B is the disposer, V is the automatic water supply valve for the disposer, Wa is gray water, Wb is disposer drainage, W is joined drainage, Wc processing sewage, W 0 is processing waste water, La is Miscellaneous Drainage branch connection pipe, Lb is a main drainage pipe for miscellaneous drainage, Sa is a branch connection pipe for disposer drainage, Sb is a main drainage pipe for disposer drainage, R is a pumping pipeline, E is a sewer pipe, C is a sewage treatment system, D septic tank, F is the precipitation tank, P 1 is sewage pumping pump, P 0 is the infusion pump, T is chemical tank for phosphorus removal, M drug for phosphorus removal, U is drug infusion unit for phosphorus removal, 1 chemical The tank, 2 is a chemical liquid injection pump, 3 is a pump operation panel, P is a chemical liquid injection point, and Q is a main drain pipe to be joined.

Claims (6)

各ディスポーザからの排水を分岐接続管及び主排水管を経て排水を生物処理する汚水処理装置により浄化する汚水処理方法に於いて、前記各ディスポーザ毎に、燐除去用薬剤の溶液を貯留する薬液槽と薬液注入ポンプとから成る燐除去用薬剤注入ユニットを設け、当該薬剤注入ユニットによりディスポーザの作動と同期して所定量の薬剤溶液をディスポーザの排出口の近傍に於いて排水内へ混入させ、当該薬剤と排水内の燐成分との反応により生成された不溶性燐化合物を前記汚水処理装置に於いて排水内から分離除去する構成としたことを特徴とするディスポーザ排水の処理方法。In a sewage treatment method for purifying effluent from each disposer by a sewage treatment apparatus for biologically treating the effluent through a branch connection pipe and a main drainage pipe, a chemical solution tank for storing a solution of a phosphorus removing agent for each of the disposers. A drug removal unit for removing phosphorus comprising a drug solution injection pump and a drug solution injection pump, and the drug injection unit mixes a predetermined amount of a drug solution into drain water near the discharge port of the disposer in synchronization with the operation of the disposer. A method for treating disposer wastewater, wherein an insoluble phosphorus compound generated by a reaction between a chemical and a phosphorus component in wastewater is separated and removed from the wastewater in the wastewater treatment device. 薬剤注入ユニットからの薬液をディスポーザ排水の分岐接続管の管路内へ注入する構成とした請求項1に記載のディスポーザからの排水の処理方法。2. The method for treating wastewater from a disposer according to claim 1, wherein the liquid medicine from the chemical injection unit is injected into a pipe of a branch connecting pipe of the disposer wastewater. 汚水処理装置を調整槽と反応槽を備えた汚水浄化槽とした請求項1に記載のディスポーザ排水の処理方法。The method for treating disposer wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the sewage treatment apparatus is a sewage purification tank provided with an adjustment tank and a reaction tank. 薬剤注入ユニットを、各ディスポーザの作動開始と同時又は作動開始から所定時間遅れて薬剤注入ポンプを作動させると共に、各ディスポーザの作動停止と同時又は作動停止から所定時間遅れて薬剤注入ポンプを停止させる構成とした請求項1に記載のディスポーザ排水の処理方法。A configuration in which the drug injection unit is operated at the same time as the start of operation of each disposer or with a delay of a predetermined time from the start of operation, and the drug injection pump is stopped at the same time as the stop of operation of each disposer or with a delay of a predetermined time after the stop of operation. The method for treating disposer wastewater according to claim 1. 各ディスポーザからの排水を汚水処理装置へ導出する分岐接続管及び主排水管と、ディスポーザ排水貯留槽からの排水を生物処理する汚水処理装置と、前記各ディスポーザ毎に設けた燐除去用薬剤の溶液を貯留する薬液槽と薬剤注入ポンプとから成る燐除去用薬剤注入ユニットとから構成され、ディスポーザの作動と同期して所定量の薬液溶液を分岐接続管内の排水中へ注入し、薬剤と排水中の燐成分との反応により生成された不溶性燐化合物を汚水処理装置に於いて排水内から分離除去するようにしたことを特徴とするディスポーザ排水の処理装置。A branch connection pipe and a main drain pipe for leading wastewater from each disposer to a sewage treatment apparatus; a sewage treatment apparatus for biologically treating wastewater from a disposer wastewater storage tank; and a solution of a phosphorus removing agent provided for each of the disposers. And a chemical injecting unit for removing phosphorus comprising a chemical injecting pump, which injects a predetermined amount of the chemical solution into the drainage in the branch connection pipe in synchronism with the operation of the disposer. An insoluble phosphorus compound produced by the reaction with a phosphorus component from the wastewater in a wastewater treatment apparatus. 汚水処理装置を、調整槽と反応槽とを備えた汚水浄化槽とした請求項5に記載のディスポーザ排水の処理装置。The disposer wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the sewage treatment apparatus is a sewage purification tank provided with an adjustment tank and a reaction tank.
JP2002217471A 2002-07-26 2002-07-26 Treatment method of disposer wastewater and treatment equipment therefor Pending JP2004057884A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008280784A (en) * 2007-05-11 2008-11-20 Ohbayashi Corp Drainage system and method
JP2009189917A (en) * 2008-02-13 2009-08-27 Clean Tec Kk Disposer waste water treatment system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008280784A (en) * 2007-05-11 2008-11-20 Ohbayashi Corp Drainage system and method
JP2009189917A (en) * 2008-02-13 2009-08-27 Clean Tec Kk Disposer waste water treatment system

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