JP2004044732A - Colloidal damper - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a colloidal damper for efficiently absorbing mechanical energy. <P>SOLUTION: The colloidal damper 1 comprises: a container 2; a porous body 4 that is accommodated in the container 2 and has a number of pores 3; liquid 7 that is accommodated in the container 2, substantially excludes the entry to the pores 3 when there is no pressurization, and enters the pores 3 in pressurization; and a transmission means 8 for transmitting reciprocating force F to be attenuated to the liquid 7 for pressurizing the liquid 7. In this case, a surface 5 for prescribing the pores 3 in the porous body 4 and an outer surface 6 in the porous body 4 have lyophobic properties to the liquid 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a porous body such as silica gel and a liquid such as water are mixed and sealed in a container, and the liquid is infiltrated into the pores of the porous body against the surface tension of the liquid. The present invention relates to a colloidal damper that dissipates energy.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
For example, such colloidal dampers described in International Application Publication Nos. WO96 / 18040 and WO01 / 55616 have various preferable characteristics different from conventional fluid dampers such as a wide operating frequency range. Application to various fields is expected.
[0003]
However, the colloidal damper uses a new principle that the liquid is allowed to enter the pores of the porous body against the surface tension of the liquid and the mechanical energy is lost. The current situation is that the disappearance efficiency is not well understood.
[0004]
As a result of intensive research on colloidal dampers, the present inventors have arrived at the present invention based on the knowledge that a favorable characteristic can be obtained by paying attention to the ratio between the volume of the pores of the porous body and the volume of the liquid. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a colloidal damper that can efficiently absorb mechanical energy.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The colloidal damper of the present invention is accommodated in a container, a porous body having a large number of pores, and a porous body in the container mixed with the porous body. Intrusion into the pores is substantially eliminated at the time of pressure, while a liquid that penetrates into the pores at the time of pressurization, and a transmission means that pressurizes the liquid by transmitting a reciprocating force to be damped to the liquid Here, the surface defining the pores of the porous body is lyophobic to the liquid, and the porous body and the liquid are the pores of the porous body. When the volume is _VP and the volume of the liquid is _VL , the ratio _VP / _VL is within the range of 0.2 or more and 2.5 or less.
[0006]
According to such a colloidal damper, when the liquid stored in the container is pressurized with the force transmitted by the transmission means, the pressurized liquid is against the surface tension of the porous body. When entering the pores and the force from the transmission means disappears, the liquid in the container is excluded from the pores of the porous body by the surface tension. In this liquid pressurization and decompression cycle, energy from the transmission means is dissipated.
[0007]
The efficiency of energy dissipated in the colloidal damper (hereinafter referred to as dissipative energy efficiency) η depends on the ratio between the volume of the pores of the porous body accommodated in the container and the volume of the liquid. It has been found by the pore volume of the porous body and V _P, when the volume of the liquid and V _L, the ratio V _{P /} V _L is 2.5 a 0.2 or more or less, higher dissipation Energy efficiency η was obtained, and when the porous body was silica gel and the liquid was water, it was confirmed by experiments that a dissipated energy efficiency η of 60% or more was obtained.
[0008]
In the colloidal damper, when the energy transmitted through the transmission means is E ₀ and the energy dissipated by the colloidal damper is E, the dissipated energy efficiency η is η = 100 · E / E ₀ [%].
[0009]
When the ratio V _P / V _L is smaller than 0.2, the dissipated energy efficiency η suddenly deteriorates, and even if the ratio V _P / V _L exceeds 2.5, it is difficult to expect improvement in the dissipated energy efficiency η. On the other hand, as a result of not being able to obtain a large forward movement distance, for example, it is impossible to efficiently absorb, for example, mechanical vibration energy having a large amplitude.
[0010]
If the ratio V _P / V _L is not less than 0.35 and not more than 1.5, higher dissipation energy efficiency η can be obtained and vibration energy having a relatively large amplitude can be absorbed. Preferably, if the ratio V _P / V _L is substantially 1, large amplitude vibrations can be damped with maximum dissipation energy efficiency η. When the porous body is silica gel and the liquid is water, the dissipation energy efficiency η of 65% or more can be obtained if the ratio V _P / V _L is in the range of 0.35 or more and 1.5 or less. In addition, when the ratio V _P / V _L is substantially 1, it has been confirmed by experiments that a dissipative energy efficiency η of 75% or more can be obtained.
[0011]
In the present invention, preferred examples of the porous body include silica gel, aerogel, ceramics, porous glass, zeolite, porous PTFE, porous wax, porous polystyrene and alumina, and carbon including graphite, charcoal, fullerene and carbon nanotubes. Here, a porous body made of silica gel can be cited as a preferred example. Specifically, silica gel used as a material for liquid chromatography can be suitably used. “Sylosphere”, “Super Micro Bead Silica Gel”, “Micro Bead Silica Gel”, “Chromatorex” (all products are manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Name), “Godball” (trade name) manufactured by Suzuki Oil & Fat Co., Ltd., and the like.
[0012]
When the average diameter (diameter) of the pores on the surface of such a porous body is d1, the porous body has an average diameter (diameter) in the range of not less than 10 times and not more than 10,000 times the average diameter d1 of the pores. ) It is preferable that it is made of a substantially spherical particle having d2, and if it is made of a substantially spherical particle having an average diameter d2 in the range of 100 times or more and 5000 times or less of the average diameter d1 of the pores. preferable. As a specific example, Syrosphere C1504 (trade name) manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co. has an average diameter d2 of 4.0 μm and an average diameter d1 of 13.4 nm, and Chromatorex BU0020 (trade name) manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd. ) Has an average diameter d2 of 19.9 μm and an average diameter d1 of 10.5 nm. The average diameter d2 of God Ball B-6C (trade name) manufactured by Suzuki Yushi Kogyo Co., Ltd. is 2.3 μm, and the average diameter d1 is 13. The average diameter d2 of God Ball B-25C (trade name) manufactured by Suzuki Yushi Kogyo Co., Ltd. is 13.0 μm, and the average diameter d1 is 13.1 nm.
[0013]
The porous body may be a substantially spherical granular material each having an average diameter d2, which may be dispersed and accommodated in a colloidal form in a large number of containers. A colloidal damper may be configured by forming a lump composed of a plurality of substantially spherical particles and housing at least one of the lump in a container.
[0014]
The pores of the porous body may be arranged so as to constitute a labyrinth (maze) in the porous body. However, in order to dissipate energy preferably, the porous body is smaller than the average diameter d1 of the pores. It is preferable to have at least one hollow part having a large diameter, and the pores communicate with such a hollow part, in particular, the porous body is composed of a substantially spherical granular body having a hollow part, In the substantially spherical granular material having a hollow portion, the pore is preferably open to the central hollow portion at one end and opened to the outside of the substantially spherical granular material at the other end. May extend from the hollow portion in the radial direction. Examples of the former having a labyrinth structure include the above-mentioned Sylosphere manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd., and examples of the latter having a hollow portion structure include the above-mentioned God Ball manufactured by Suzuki Oil & Fat Co., Ltd.
[0015]
In the colloidal damper according to the present invention, when the liquid is pressurized, the pressurized liquid enters the pores of the porous body against its surface tension, and when the force from the transmission means is lost, the container The liquid in the inside is excluded from the pores of the porous body due to its surface tension. It is preferable that the liquid slips and flows continuously on the surface of the material. Therefore, if the mean free path of the liquid molecule is Lp, the pore has a Knudsen number Kn = Lp / (d1 · 1/2) of 0. Having an average diameter d1 greater than .01 and less than 0.1 provides favorable results as a colloidal damper rather than as a fluid and air damper.
[0016]
In other words, the average diameter d1 of the pores is related to the liquid so that the Knudsen number Kn = Lp / (d1 · 1/2) is greater than 0.01 and smaller than 0.1. It is good to decide.
[0017]
The surface of the porous body that defines the pores does not get wet when the liquid flows into and out of the liquid pores, in other words, has lyophobic properties. It is preferable for obtaining reversibility. Preferred examples of the liquid contained in the container together with the porous body include water, antifreeze, polar fluid, molten metal including mercury, molten lead, molten alloy including molten wood metal, molten salt, molten flux, and the like. Can be mentioned. A combination that exhibits lyophobic properties with respect to the liquid used by the surface defining the pores of the porous body may be selected from the above-described porous body and these liquids. For example, when mercury is selected as the liquid, any material of the porous body is lyophobic with respect to mercury. When water is selected as the liquid, if porous PTFE or porous polystyrene is selected as the porous body, the liquid (water) is lyophobic. However, when silica gel is selected as the porous body, the silica gel is hydrophilic. Therefore, it does not have lyophobic properties for liquids. Thus, when the porous body itself does not have lyophobic properties with respect to the liquid used, in order to impart lyophobic properties to the porous body, at least the surface of the porous body that defines the pores is actually Specifically, the entire surface of the porous body including the surface of the pores may be coated with a lyophobic substance having lyophobic properties to perform lyophobic treatment.
[0018]
Examples of such lyophobic substances include organic silicon compounds and organic fluorine compounds, and specific examples include trimethylchlorosilane, dimethyloctadecylchlorosilane, and the like, but those made of substances having a long molecular chain are preferred.
[0019]
As described above, when using silica gel as the porous material and water as the liquid, specifically, “Chromatorex ODS-BU0020MT” (manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.), which has been lyophobized with dimethyloctadecylchlorosilane, can be used. “Sylosphere C1504-ODS” (trade name: d2 = 4.0 μm, d1 = 8) manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd., which has been subjected to a lyophobic treatment with dimethyloctadecylchlorosilane. .9 nm), “Sylosphere C1504-DBA4.5” (trade name: d2 = 4.0 μm, d1 = 12.8 nm) manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd., which has been lyophobized with trimethylchlorosilane, Godball B-6C "," Godball B- 5C "(both trade names) were lyophobized with dimethyloctadecylchlorosilane (d2 = 2.3 μm, d1 = 8.7 nm in the former, d2 = 13.0 μm, d1 = 8.7 nm in the latter), etc. It is done.
[0020]
The container for storing the porous body and the liquid preferably has a cylinder shape, and in such a cylinder-shaped container, the transmission means includes a piston that forms a storage chamber in which the inside of the container is defined as the outside of the container. In this case, the porous body and the liquid are preferably stored in the storage chamber. As the transmission means, instead of the above, a piston that defines the inside of the container in two chambers may be provided. In this case, the porous body and the liquid are accommodated in each chamber of the two chambers. It is good to be.
[0021]
In order to increase the dissipated energy by more effectively flowing the fluid into the pores of the porous body, it is preferable to pressurize the liquid in a predetermined size in advance. If the degree of pressurization is too large, a large amount of fluid flows in advance into the pores of the porous body, and the dissipation energy efficiency η is deteriorated. In a preferred example, the liquid is preferably pressurized in advance so that a force of about 7 kN is generated in the transmission means.
[0022]
Next, the present invention and its embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the examples shown in the drawings. The present invention is not limited to this example.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 and 2, the colloidal damper 1 of this example is accommodated in a container 2, a container 2, a porous body 4 having a large number of pores 3, and a container 2. At the same time, the penetration into the pores 3 is substantially eliminated when no pressure is applied, while the liquid 7 entering the pores 3 during the pressurization and the reciprocating force F to be attenuated are applied to the liquid 7. Transmitting means 8 for transmitting and pressurizing the liquid 7, wherein the surface 5 defining the pores 3 of the porous body 4 and the outer surface 6 of the porous body 4, that is, the surface defining the pores 3. The entire outer surface of the porous body 4 including 5 is lyophobic with respect to the liquid 7.
[0024]
The container 2 includes a cylinder-shaped main body 22 integrally having a disk-shaped bottom portion 21, and other than the main body 22 by screws, pins, etc. so as to close the other end of the main body 22 closed at one end to the bottom portion 21. And a disc-shaped lid 23 fixed to the end. A through hole 24 is formed in the lid body 23.
[0025]
The transmission means 8 includes a piston 32 that forms a storage chamber 31 that defines the inside of the container 2 from the outside of the container 2, an O-ring 33 that is fitted to the piston 32, and one end that is fixed to the piston 32, and a lid body. And a piston rod 34 that extends slidably through the container 2 and extends outside the container 2, and the porous body 4 and the liquid 7 are accommodated in the accommodation chamber 31.
[0026]
The porous body 4 is composed of a plurality of, in this example, a large number of substantially spherical particles 41 accommodated in the accommodating chambers 31 in the container 2, and each of the substantially spherical particles 41 is made of silica gel. The hollow portion 42 has a hollow portion 42 and a plurality of pores 3 at substantially the center, and the pore 3 opens to the hollow portion 42 at one end, opens to the outside of the substantially spherical granular body 41 at the other end, and is hollow. A plurality of pores 3 of the porous body 4 are constituted by the plurality of pores 3 extending in the radial direction from the portion 42.
[0027]
The outer surface 6 and the surface 5 of the pores 3 of the large number of substantially spherical particles 41 constituting the porous body 4 are made of an organosilicon compound or an organofluorine compound that is a lyophobic substance and a substance having a long molecular chain. Assuming that the average diameter of the pores 3 is d1, the substantially spherical granular material 41 has an average diameter d2 that is not less than 10 times the average particle diameter d1 of the pores 3 and not more than 10,000 times. is doing. The surface of the substantially spherical granular body 41 that defines the hollow portion 42 may also be coated with such a lyophobic substance.
[0028]
The liquid 7 is made of water. If the mean free path of the water molecules is Lp, the pore 3 has a Knudsen number Kn = Lp / (d1 · 1/2) larger than 0.01, The average diameter d1 is smaller than 1.
[0029]
The porous body 4 and the liquid 7, the total volume of the pores 3 of the porous body 4 and _{V P,} when the volume of the liquid 7 and _{V L,} the ratio _V P / _{V L} is a 0.2 or higher In this example, it is accommodated in the accommodating chamber 31 in the container 2 so that the ratio V _P / V _L is substantially 1 in a range of 2.5 or less.
[0030]
In the colloidal damper 1 described above, when a force F is applied to the piston rod 34, the force F is applied to the liquid 7 via the piston 32, and the liquid 7 is pressurized. With this pressurization, the liquid 7 enters the pores 3 against its surface tension, whereby the piston 32 is moved so as to reduce the volume of the storage chamber 31 as shown in FIG.
[0031]
When the force F applied to the piston rod 32 disappears, the liquid 7 that has entered the pores 3 against the surface tension is removed from the pores 3 due to the surface tension. 1 is moved to increase the volume of the storage chamber 31 and returned to the initial position as shown in FIG.
[0032]
In the colloidal damper 1, since the work energy of the force F is consumed by the penetration of the liquid 7 into the pore 3, the relationship between the movement stroke S of the piston rod 34 and the force F is the liquid 7 by the force F. 4 is represented by a curve 51 shown in FIG. 4 while the pressure reduction stroke of the liquid 7 by the removal of the force F is represented by a curve 52 shown in FIG. That is, the colloidal damper 1 dissipates the energy E ₀ transmitted through the transmission means 8 by the energy E corresponding to the area surrounded by the curves 51 and 52 and attenuates the force F that moves the piston rod 34. I will let you.
[0033]
By the way, when the dissipated energy E is obtained from experiments for various ratios _VP / _VL and the dissipated energy efficiency η = 100 · E / E ₀ [%] is obtained from the dissipated energy E, the curve 55 in FIG. Obtained.
[0034]
As is clear from the curve 55, when the ratio V _P / V _L is 0.2 or more and 2.5 or less, a dissipated energy efficiency η of 60% or more is obtained, and the ratio V _P / V _L is If it is 0.35 or more and is in the range of 1.5 or less, a dissipated energy efficiency η of 65% or more is obtained, and if the ratio V _P / V _L is substantially 1, approximately 75% of dissipated energy is obtained. It was confirmed that the efficiency η was obtained.
[0035]
In the colloidal damper 1 described above, the porous body 4 is configured by dispersing and storing a large number of substantially spherical particles 41 in the storage chamber 31 in the container 2 without making them into a lump. The single storage chamber 31 in which the porous body 4 and the liquid 7 are stored is formed, but instead of this, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the storage chamber 61 defined by the piston 32 in the container 2. And 62 may be provided, and the colloidal damper 1 may be configured by accommodating the porous body 4 and the liquid 7 each including the lump of the substantially spherical granular body 41 in each of the accommodation chambers 61 and 62. It is preferable to use a lid body 23 that does not have a liquid crystal and to attach an O-ring 63 to the lid body 23 so that the liquid 7 does not leak out of the container 2 from the storage chamber 62.
[0036]
Each of the storage chambers 61 and 62 may store one or a plurality of porous bodies 4 made of a plurality of substantially spherical granular bodies 41, and the storage chambers 61 and 62 shown in FIG. The colloidal damper 1 is composed of a porous body 4 composed of a plurality of substantially spherical particles 41 dispersed in such a manner that a plurality of substantially spherical particles 41 are dispersedly accommodated without being agglomerated. On the other hand, the colloidal damper 1 may be configured by accommodating one or a plurality of porous bodies 4 made up of a plurality of substantially spherical granular bodies 41 in the accommodating chamber 31 shown in FIG. Furthermore, one or a plurality of porous bodies 4 made of a mass of substantially spherical granular bodies 41 and a plurality of dispersed substantially spherical granular bodies 41 are mixed to form the accommodating chamber 31 or the accommodating chambers 61 and 62. The colloidal damper 1 may be housed.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the colloidal damper which can absorb mechanical energy efficiently can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a preferred example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the substantially spherical granular material of the example shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. 1;
4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an effect explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of another preferred example of an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Colloidal damper 2 Container 3 Pore 4 Porous body 5 Surface 6 Outer surface 7 Liquid

Claims (21)

A container, a porous body having a large number of pores, and being mixed with the porous body in the container, and being substantially fine when no pressure is applied. While the penetration into the hole is excluded, the liquid that penetrates into the pore at the time of pressurization, and a transmission means that pressurizes the liquid by transmitting a reciprocating force to be attenuated to the liquid, surfaces defining pores of the porous body has a lyophobic to the liquid, and the porous body and liquid, the pore volume of the porous body and V _P, the volume of the liquid When V _L, colloidal damper whose ratio _V P / _{V L} is accommodated in the container with the range a to 2.5 or less than 0.2. The colloidal damper according to claim 1, wherein the ratio V _P / V _L is in a range of 0.35 or more and 1.5 or less. The colloidal damper according to claim 1, wherein the ratio V _P / V _L is substantially 1. The colloidal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the porous body is formed of a substantially spherical granular material having an average diameter d2 that is 10 times or more and 10,000 times or less the average diameter d1 of the pores. damper. The colloidal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the porous body is formed of a substantially spherical granular body having an average diameter d2 that is not less than 100 times and not more than 5000 times the average diameter d1 of the pores. damper. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the porous body is a mass of a plurality of substantially spherical granular materials, and at least one mass is accommodated in the container. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the porous body is composed of a plurality of substantially spherical granular bodies dispersedly accommodated in a container. The porous body is formed of a substantially spherical granular body having a hollow portion, and the pore is opened to the central hollow portion at one end and opened to the outside of the substantially spherical granular body at the other end in the substantially spherical granular body having the hollow portion. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The colloidal damper according to claim 8, wherein the pore extends in a radial direction from the hollow portion. The pore has an average diameter d1 in which the Knudsen number Kn = Lp / (d1 · 1/2) is larger than 0.01 and smaller than 0.1, where Lp is the mean free path of the liquid molecule. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a surface defining pores of the porous body is coated with a lyophobic substance. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the entire surface of the porous body including the surface of the pores is coated with a lyophobic substance. The colloidal damper according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the lyophobic substance is a substance having a long molecular chain. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the lyophobic substance is composed of an organosilicon compound or an organofluorine compound. The porous body is made of at least one of silica gel, aerogel, ceramics, porous glass, zeolite, porous PTFE, porous wax, porous polystyrene and alumina, and carbon including graphite, charcoal, fullerene and carbon nanotube. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 14. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the porous body is made of silica gel. 17. The liquid according to claim 1, wherein the liquid comprises at least one of water, antifreeze, polar fluid, molten metal including mercury, molten lead, molten alloy including molten wood metal, molten salt, and molten flux. The colloidal damper according to one item. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the liquid is water. The transmission means has a piston that forms a storage chamber in which the inside of the container is defined as the outside of the container, and the porous body and the liquid are stored in the storage chamber. The described colloidal damper. The transmission means has a piston which defines the inside of the container in two chambers, and a porous body and a liquid are accommodated in each chamber of the two chambers. Colloidal damper. The colloidal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the liquid is pressurized in advance.

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