JP2004038078A - Charging device and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Charging device and image forming apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004038078A
JP2004038078A JP2002198564A JP2002198564A JP2004038078A JP 2004038078 A JP2004038078 A JP 2004038078A JP 2002198564 A JP2002198564 A JP 2002198564A JP 2002198564 A JP2002198564 A JP 2002198564A JP 2004038078 A JP2004038078 A JP 2004038078A
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Prior art keywords
charging
charged
conductive particle
charging device
conductive
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JP2002198564A
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Japanese (ja)
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Takahiro Hosokawa
細川 尊広
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Priority to JP2002198564A priority Critical patent/JP2004038078A/en
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  • Cleaning In Electrography (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
  • Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charging device and an image forming apparatus, which clean the surface of a charging member to stably output images of high quality free from charging defects throughout long-time printing. <P>SOLUTION: A charging device 2 which brings a charging roll 201 into contact with a body to be charged and charges the body to be charged while rotating it as a follower has a conductive particle supply member 203 which is brought into contact with the charging roll 201, and the conductive particle supply member 203 is a solid material made of conductive particles M and is shaved to supply conductive particles M to the surface of the charging roll 201. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は帯電装置及び画像形成装置に関し、特に、接触帯電における帯電装置、接触帯電を用いたプリンターや複写機等の画像形成装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、例えば、電子写真装置や静電記録装置等の画像形成装置において、電子写真感光体・静電記録誘電体などの像担持体(被帯電体)を所要の極性・電位に一様に帯電処理(除電処理も含む)する帯電装置としてはコロナ帯電器(コロナ放電器)がよく使用されていた。
【0003】
コロナ帯電器は非接触型の帯電装置であり、例えば、ワイヤ電極等の放電電極と該放電電極を囲むシールド電極を備え、放電開口部を被帯電体である像担持体に対向させて非接触に配設し、放電電極とシールド電極に高圧を印加することにより、生じる放電電流(コロナシャワー)に像担持体面をさらすことで像担持体面を所定に帯電させるものである。
【0004】
近時は、コロナ帯電器に比べて低オゾン・低電力等の利点があることから、前記したように被帯電体に電圧を印加した帯電ローラを当接させて被帯電体を帯電する接触方式の帯電装置(接触帯電装置)が実用化されてきている。
【0005】
接触帯電装置は、像担持体等の被帯電体に、ローラ型(帯電ローラ)、ファーブラシ型、磁気ブラシ型、ブレード型等の導電性の帯電部材を接触させ、この帯電部材(接触帯電部材・接触帯電器、以下、接触帯電部材と記す)に所定の帯電バイアスを印加して、被帯電体面を所定の極性・電位に帯電させるものである。
【0006】
上記接触帯電部材として導電ローラ(帯電ローラ)を用いたローラ帯電方式を用いた場合、帯電ローラは、導電あるいは中抵抗のゴム材あるいは発泡体を用いて作成される。さらにこれらを積層して所望の特性を得たものもある。
【0007】
帯電ローラは被帯電体(以下、感光体と記す)との一定の接触状態を得るために弾性を持たせているが、そのため摩擦抵抗が大きく、多くの場合、感光体に従動あるいは若干の周速差をもって駆動される。従って、直接帯電しようとしても、絶対的帯電能力の低下や接触性の不足やローラ上のムラや感光体の付着物による帯電ムラは避けられないため、ローラ帯電ではその帯電機構は放電帯電系が支配的である。
【0008】
ローラ帯電の場合、およそ−500Vの放電閾値を過ぎてから帯電が始まる。従って、−500Vに帯電する場合は−1000Vの直流電圧を印加するか、あるいは、−500V直流の帯電電圧に加えて、放電閾値以上の電位差を常に持つようにピーク間電圧1200Vの交流電圧を印加して感光体電位を帯電電位に収束させる方法が一般的である。
【0009】
より具体的に説明すると、厚さ25μmのOPC感光体に対して帯電ローラを加圧当接させた場合には、約640V以上の電圧を印加すれば感光体の表面電位が上昇し始め、それ以降は印加電圧に対して傾き1で線形に感光体表面電位が増加する。この閾値電圧を帯電開始電圧Vthと定義する。
【0010】
つまり、電子写真に必要とされる感光体表面電位Vdを得るためには帯電ローラにはVd+Vthという必要とされる以上のDC電圧が必要となる。このようにしてDC電圧のみを接触帯電部材に印加して帯電を行なう方法を「DC帯電方式」と称する。
【0011】
しかし、DC帯電においては環境変動等によって接触帯電部材の抵抗値が変動するため、また、感光体が削れることによって膜厚が変化するとVthが変動するため、感光体の電位を所望の値にすることが難しかった。
【0012】
このため、更なる帯電の均一化を図るために特開昭63−149669号公報に開示されるように、所望のVdに相当するDC電圧に2×Vth以上のピーク間電圧を持つAC成分を重畳した電圧を接触帯電部材に印加する「AC帯電方式」が用いられる。これは、ACによる電位のならし効果を目的としたものであり、被帯電体の電位はAC電圧のピークの中央であるVdに収束し、環境等の外乱には影響されることはない。
【0013】
ところが、前述したように構成した帯電ローラは、感光体ドラムに押圧されるものであるために、クリーニング装置により除去できなかったトナー、用紙から生じる紙粉や充填材等が、帯電ローラ表面に付着したり、放電生成物により帯電ローラ表面が汚れるという問題がある。また、接触帯電部材の表面に前述したような汚れが付着すると、感光体ドラムの軸方向全面、または、部分的に帯電不良を発生させるので、コピーの画質に大きな影響を与える原因となる。そこで、前述したような帯電ローラの表面を清掃するために、前記従来例では、スポンジ等の部材を帯電ローラの表面に押圧する手段を設け、帯電ローラに付着したトナー等の汚れ成分を拭き取ることができるように構成している。
【0014】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、前記従来例に示されるように、接触帯電部材に対して清掃部材を配置する場合に、清掃部材をスポンジ等の部材により構成すると、スポンジの孔の部分と孔の周囲の骨格の部分で清掃能力が異なり、接触帯電部材に筋状の汚れが残ってコピーの画質に影響を与える問題がある。そこで、前述したような問題を解決するためには、例えば、特開平7−199604号公報等に示されるように、高密度化したブラシを清掃部材に用いて、ブラシの先端を接触帯電部材表面に当接させるように配置して、清掃効果を増大させる等の手段を用いることが提案されている。
【0015】
しかしながら、ブラシの先端を接触帯電部材表面に当接させるように配置した構成では、画像形成装置を長期にわたって使用する場合、清掃部材と帯電部材との当接部に汚れが滞留し、汚れが介在する部分と他の部分で清掃能力に差が生じて、汚れを均一に清掃することが難しい。他にも、元来清掃効果の小さいシート材表面をサンドブラストで凹凸を付け、清掃効果を増大させたものを検討しているが、凹凸部がランダムとなるので上記例と同様に汚れが介在す部分ができるため清掃ムラが生じやすいことがわかっている。
【0016】
従って、帯電部材の表面を清掃し、長期の印字に渡って帯電不良のない高品位な画像を安定に出力することのできる帯電装置及び画像形成装置の提供を本発明の目的とする。
【0017】
【課題を解決するための手段】
このような課題を解決するために、本発明は下記の構成を特徴とする帯電装置及び画像形成装置である。
【0018】
(1)帯電ローラを被帯電体に接触させて従動回転しつつ該被帯電体を帯電する帯電装置であり、該帯電ローラに接触する導電性粒子供給部材を有し、該導電性粒子供給部材は、導電性粒子からなる固形物であり、該導電性粒子供給部材が自ら削れることで該導電性粒子を該帯電ローラの表面に供給することを特徴とする帯電装置。
【0019】
(2)帯電ローラを被帯電体に接触させて従動回転しつつ被帯電体を帯電する帯電装置であり、該帯電ローラに接触する導電性粒子塗布部材と、該導電性粒子塗布部材に接触する導電性粒子供給部材を有し、該導電性粒子供給部材は、導電性粒子からなる固形物であり、導電性粒子供給部材が自ら削れることで導電性粒子を該導電性粒子塗布部材に供給し、更に該導電性粒子塗布部材から該帯電ローラに導電性粒子を供給することを特徴とする帯電装置。
【0020】
(3)該導電性粒子塗布部材は,芯金上にブラシ繊維が放射状に広がるファーブラシローラの形状を有し、回転することを特徴とする上記(2)に記載の帯電装置。
【0021】
(4)該導電性粒子供給部材は、導電性粒子からなる固形物であり、複数に分離された独立した構成をとっていることを特徴とする上記(1)ないし(3)の何れかに記載の帯電装置。
【0022】
(5)該導電性粒子の粒径が1画素の大きさ以下であることを特徴とする上記(1)ないし(4)の何れかに記載の帯電装置。
【0023】
(6)該導電性粒子の体積抵抗が1×1012(Ω・cm)以下であることを特徴とする上記(1)ないし(5)の何れかに記載の帯電装置。
【0024】
(7)回転する被帯電体と、該被帯電体を帯電する帯電手段と、該被帯電体の帯電面に静電潜像を形成する画像情報書き込み手段と、その静電潜像をトナーによって可視化する現像手段と、該トナー像を記録媒体に転写する転写手段とを備え、前記現像手段が現像剤を被記録体に転写した後に被帯電体上に残留した現像剤を回収するクリーニング手段を兼ねており、被帯電体は繰り返して作像に供される画像形成装置であり、該被帯電体を帯電する工程手段が、上記(1)ないし(6)の何れかに記載の帯電装置であることを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0025】
【作用】
導電性粒子からなる導電性粒子供給部材で、自らが削れることで帯電ローラの表面に導電性粒子を供給する簡易な構成を有した帯電装置において、帯電ローラ上のトナー、外添剤等の汚れが、導電性粒子供給部材から供給された導電性粒子と付着し、その後、導電性粒子とともにその汚れが被帯電体にもどされるので、ローラ上の汚れが清掃される。
【0026】
更に、芯金上にブラシ繊維が放射状に広がるファーブラシローラの形状をした該導電性粒子塗布部材を帯電ローラに当接して、回転させることにより、清掃能力が向上し、初期から長期の印字に渡り、帯電不良のない高品位な画像を安定に出力できる。
【0027】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施の形態を、実施例に基づいて図面を参照しながら説明する。
【0028】
〈実施例1〉
本例は本発明に従う帯電装置を備えた画像形成装置例である。図1は本発明に従う帯電装置と感光ドラムとの側断面図、図2は本発明に従う帯電装置を備えた画像形成装置の概略構成模型図、図3は本発明に従う帯電装置と感光ドラムとの正面図、図4は本発明に従う帯電装置と感光ドラムとの上面図である。
【0029】
本例の画像形成装置は、転写式電子写真プロセス利用、プロセスカートリッジ着脱方式、接触帯電方式の複写機(記録装置)である。
【0030】
(1)複写機の全体的概略構成(図2)
1は被帯電体(像担持体)である。本実施例はφ30mmの回転ドラム型の負極性OPC感光体(ネガ感光体、以下、感光ドラムと記す)である。この感光ドラム1は矢印の時計方向に周速度210mm/sec(=プロセススピードPS、印字速度)をもって回転駆動される。2は帯電装置である。これについては後述する。
【0031】
3はレーザーダイオード・ポリゴンミラー等を含むレーザービームスキャナ(露光装置)である。このレーザービームスキャナ3は目的の画像情報の時系列電気デジタル画素信号に対応して強度変調されたレーザー光を出力し、該レーザー光で上記回転感光ドラム1の一様帯電面を走査露光Lする。この走査露光Lにより回転感光ドラム1の面に目的の画像情報に対応した静電潜像が形成される。
【0032】
4は現像器である。回転感光ドラム1面の静電潜像はこの現像器4により、トナー像として現像される。この現像器4については後述する。
【0033】
5は接触転写手段としての中抵抗の転写ローラであり、感光ドラム1に所定に圧接させて転写接触部Bを形成させてある。この転写接触部Bに不図示の給紙部から所定のタイミングで記録材としての転写材Pが給紙され、かつ転写ローラ5に転写バイアス印加電源S3から所定の転写バイアス電圧が印加されることで、感光ドラム1側のトナー像が転写接触部Bに給紙された転写材Pの面に順次に転写されていく。本実施例ではローラ抵抗値は5×10Ωのものを用い、+2000VのDC電圧を印加して転写を行なった。即ち、転写接触部Bに導入された転写材Pはこの転写接触部Bを挟持搬送されて、その表面側に回転感光ドラム1の表面に形成担持されているトナー画像が順次に静電気力と押圧力にて転写されていく。
【0034】
6は主除電光で、感光ドラム1のトナー像が転写材Pに転写された後、感光ドラム1面を一様に露光して、除電する。
【0035】
7は熱定着方式等の定着装置である。転写接触部Bに給紙されて感光ドラム1側のトナー像の転写を受けた転写材Pは回転感光ドラム1の面から分離されてこの定着装置7に導入され、トナー像の定着を受けて画像形成物(プリント、コピー)として装置外へ排出される。
【0036】
8はクリーニング装置である。感光ドラム1面に残留の転写残トナーは専用のクリーナ(クリーニング装置)で除去する。
【0037】
(2)帯電装置
図1,図3,図4に示すように、本実施例の帯電装置2は、帯電ローラ201、導電性粒子供給部材を収容させたハウジング202、導電性粒子供給部材203、導電性粒子M等からなる。この帯電ローラ201及び導電性粒子Mについては後述する。
【0038】
帯電ローラ201は、感光ドラム1に所定の押圧力をもって接触させて配設した接触帯電ローラとしての導電性弾性ローラである。Aは感光ドラム1と帯電ローラ2との接触部である帯電接触部である。
【0039】
帯電ローラ201は感光ドラム1の回転に追従させて、回転しながら感光体ドラムの表面を帯電させる。これにより、回転感光ドラム1の周面が所定の極性・電位に一様に帯電処理される。
【0040】
導電性粒子Mの供給手段は、導電性粒子供給部材203を収容させたハウジング202、導電性粒子供給部材203等から構成してあり、該導電性粒子供給部材203は、導電性粒子Mからなる固形物と支持体とからなっている。そして、帯電ローラ201の上方に配置して、ハウジング202内の導電性粒子供給部材203の下面を導電性粒子供給部材203の自重で帯電ローラ201の上面に常時当接させて、帯電ローラ201とのその当接部で、帯電ローラ201による摩擦により、導電性粒子供給部材203が自ら削れることで導電性粒子Mを帯電ローラ201の表面に供給する。
【0041】
導電性粒子供給部材203は、導電性粒子Mをチップ状に固形化した部材(導電性粒子チップ)であり、回転する帯電ローラ201との当接により,自ら削れることで導電性粒子Mを帯電ローラ201の表面に塗布供給する部材である。
【0042】
導電性粒子供給部材203は、導電性粒子Mを型に入れて、上下に加圧して固めて、チップ状にしたものを用いた。
【0043】
本実施例では、導電性粒子供給部材203の導電性粒子Mは、比抵抗が10Ω・cm、平均粒径3μmの導電性酸化亜鉛粒子を用いた。(今回、用いた導電性酸化亜鉛粒子の商品名は、23−K(C)で、ハクスイテック(株)製である)。
【0044】
また粒子抵抗は帯電ローラの抵抗を上昇させないため、抵抗としては1012Ω・cm以下が望ましく、さらには1010Ω・cm以下が望ましい。
【0045】
導電性粒子は、一次粒子の状態で存在するばかりでなく二次粒子の凝集した状態で存在することもなんら問題はない。
【0046】
導電性粒子は、また粒径が大きすぎると、該粒子が感光体に付着した際、該粒子が露光時に遮光し、現像後はトナー中で該粒子が目立って画像ムラなどになり画像を悪化させてしまう。そこで導電性粒子の粒径は、トナー粒径以下が望ましく、更には10μm以下が好ましい。
【0047】
(3)帯電ローラ201
本実施例における接触帯電ローラとしての帯電ローラ201は、芯金、弾性層、及び表面層からなり、軸受け(図示せず)によって長手方向両端部を支持され、加圧バネ(図示せず)により加圧されて感光ドラム1に圧接接触し、感光ドラム1の矢印方向の回転に伴い、帯電ローラ201は、矢印方向に従動回転する。
【0048】
また帯電ローラ201の芯金には帯電バイアス印加電源から直流電圧Vdcと、放電閾値の2倍以上のピーク間電圧Vppを有する交流電圧Vacを重畳し、電圧Vdc+Vacを芯金に印加することで、感光ドラム1を帯電させる。
【0049】
(4)現像器4
本実施例の現像器4は現像剤Tとして一成分磁性トナー(ネガトナー)を用いた反転現像器4である。
【0050】
4bはマグネットロール4C(50〜100mT)を内包させた、現像剤担持搬送部材として非磁性回転現像スリーブであり、この回転現像スリーブ4bに非接触対向する磁性ブレード4aで現像剤Tが薄層にコートされる。
【0051】
現像剤Tは磁性ブレード4aで回転現像スリーブ4bに対する層厚が規制され、その際に現像剤Tはスリーブ4bとの摩擦帯電により電荷が付与される。
【0052】
回転現像スリーブ4bにコートされた現像剤Tはスリーブ4bの回転により、感光ドラム1とスリーブ4bの対向部である現像部(現像領域部)に搬送される。またスリーブ4bには現像バイアス印加電源より現像バイアス電圧が印加される。
【0053】
現像バイアス電圧は、DC電圧と、矩形のAC電圧を重畳したものを用いた。これにより、感光ドラム1側の静電潜像がトナー現像される。
【0054】
現像剤T即ち一成分磁性トナーは、結着樹脂、磁性体粒子、電荷制御剤を混合し、混練、粉砕、分級の各工程を経て作成し、これに流動化剤等を外添剤として添加して作成されたものである。トナーの重量平均粒径(D4)は7μmであった。
【0055】
(6)感光体1
本実施例で用いた像担持体1は、回転ドラム型の電子写真感光体である。本実施例の複写機は反転現像を用いており、感光体は直径30mmの負極性OPC感光体であり、矢印の方向に210mm/secの周速度をもって回転駆動される。
【0056】
〈実施例2〉
図5は本発明に従う帯電装置と感光ドラム1との正面図、図6は本発明に従う帯電装置と感光ドラム1との上面図である。本実施例は前記実施例1の複写機において、帯電装置を図5、図6のように変更したものである。その他は実施例の複写機と同じである。
【0057】
本実施例の帯電装置は図5、図6に示すように、該導電性粒子供給部材203が、帯電ローラ201の長手方向に対して分離され、複数の独立した構成をとっている。また図6に示す様に、導電性粒子供給部材203を長手方向に対して斜交するように分離することにより、それぞれの導電性粒子供給部材203が帯電ローラ201の表面に適当量の導電性粒子Mを均一に供給することができ、導電性粒子供給部材203が分離されたところでも、長手方向においても隙間なく導電性粒子Mを供給することができる。
【0058】
〈実施例3〉
図7は本発明に従う帯電装置と感光ドラム1との側断面図、図8は本発明に従う帯電装置と感光ドラム1との上面図である。
【0059】
本実施例は実施例1の複写機において、帯電ローラ201に対する導電性粒子供給手段は、図7のように、帯電ローラ201に接するように導電性粒子塗布ローラ204を設け、この導電性粒子塗布ローラ204の上側に導電性粒子供給部材203の下面を当接させて構成した。
【0060】
本実施例では、導電性粒子塗布ローラ204にファーブラシローラを用いた。このファーブラシローラは繊維を基布に折り込みパイル状にしてなるファーブラシを芯金に巻き付け固定して作成される。繊維密度は基布上の折り込み密度で500本/mm程度のもので、毛足の長さ(自由長)は3mmであった。
【0061】
本実施例の帯電装置は図7、図8に示すように、該導電性粒子供給部材203が、導電性粒子Mの固形物と支持体からなり、また帯電ローラ201の長手方向に対して平行かつ直交するように分離され、複数の独立した構成をとっている。
【0062】
ハウジング202内のそれぞれの導電性粒子供給部材203は、その自重で導電性粒子塗布ローラ204の上面に常時当接する。そして導電性粒子塗布ローラ204は、帯電ローラ201の回転に伴い、矢印の反時計方向に回転従動される。本構成は導電性粒子塗布ローラ204を介して、導電性粒子Mを帯電ローラ201に均一に供給することにより、帯電ローラ201の表面に適当量の導電性粒子Mを均一に供給することができる。その他は実施例の複写機と同じである。
【0063】
〈比較例1〉
本比較例は前記実施例1の複写機において、帯電装置2からハウジング202及び導電性粒子供給部材203を取り除いたものである。その他は実施例1の複写機と同じである。
【0064】
〈比較例2〉
本比較例は前記実施例1の複写機において、帯電装置2からハウジング202と導電性粒子供給部材203を取り除き、代わりに発泡ウレタンを用いたクリーニングパットを帯電ローラ201に対して接離可能に配設している。そして、印字枚数100枚おきに感光ドラム1が1回転する間、前記クリーニングパットが帯電ローラ201に当接され、帯電ローラ201に付着したトナーや外添剤等汚れを拭き取る構成にしている。その他は実施例1の複写機と同じである。
【0065】
〔評価〕
帯電性能の評価
24℃/40%RHの常温常湿において、上記の実施例及び比較例の帯電性能の評価を行った。評価方法は、A4紙を用い、印字率が20%の文字パターン(A4縦方向)の印字を行い、途中に中間調画像を印字し、その均一な画像におけるムラが生じるか評価した。
【0066】
評価用の画像としては600dpiと300dpiで1line毎に白黒を繰り返す画像データを作成し、記録紙一面に印字して行った。また、評価は10000枚と50000枚(A4横方向)の印字の後に行った。評価の基準は以下の通りである。その結果を表1にまとめて示した。
【0067】
×:300dpi中間調画像においてムラが生じる。
△:300dpiでは生じないが、600dpi中間調画像においてムラが生じる。
○:300dpi、600dpiいずれの中間調画像においてもムラは見いだせない。
【表1】

Figure 2004038078
【0068】
表1から明らかの様に、50000枚印字後の評価で、比較例では300dpiの中間調画像にムラが見られたが、実施例においては300dpiの中間調画像のムラが改善された。
【0069】
実施例1の導電性粒子供給部材203を有した帯電装置2では、長手方向において導電性粒子供給部材203の重心の位置が幾分中央からずれていたため、導電性粒子供給部材203が帯電ローラ201に導電性粒子Mを供給していくと、導電性粒子供給部材203が不均衡に削れてしまった。その結果、帯電ローラ201に均一に安定して導電性粒子Mを供給できず、600dpiの中間調画像にムラが見られたが、10000枚印字後及び50000枚印字後において、300dpiの中間調画像にムラが見られなかった。
【0070】
実施例2では、該導電性粒子供給部材203を、帯電ローラ201の長手方向に対して斜交するように分離し、複数の独立した導電性粒子供給部材203にして、それぞれの導電性粒子供給部材203が帯電ローラ201に供給するようにした。そうすることにより、帯電ローラ201に適当量の導電性粒子Mが均一に供給され、導電性粒子供給部材203が分離されたところでも、長手方向においても均一に導電性粒子Mを供給することができる。その結果、10000枚印字後において600dpiの中間調画像に帯電不良部が見られず、50000枚印字後においても300dpiの中間調画像に帯電不良部が見られなかった。
【0071】
また、実施例3では、導電性粒子塗布ローラ204を帯電ローラ201に接触させて、導電性粒子塗布ローラ204を介して、導電性粒子Mを帯電ローラ201に均一に供給することにより、導電性粒子Mの供給と汚れの除去が効率的になり、更に清掃能力が向上し、帯電ローラ201の汚染が防止される。その結果、10000枚印字後及び50000枚印字後においても、600dpiの中間調画像に帯電不良部が見られなかった。
【0072】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、帯電ローラを感光ドラムに接触させて従動回転しつつ感光ドラムを帯電する帯電装置において、導電性粒子の固形物からなる導電性粒子供給部材が自ら削れることで、帯電ローラの表面に導電性粒子を供給することにより、帯電ローラ上のトナー、外添剤等の汚れが導電性粒子と付着し、その後、導電性粒子とともにその汚れが被帯電体にもどされるので、ローラ上の汚れが増大しない。
【0073】
また、該導電性粒子供給部材を複数に分離することにより、適当な量の導電性粒子が帯電ローラの表面にムラなく供給される。それにより、初期から長期の印字に渡り、帯電ローラの汚れをムラなく清掃すくことができ、画像を安定に出力できる。
【0074】
更に、導電性粒子塗布ローラを帯電ローラに接触させて、導電性粒子塗布ローラを介して、導電性粒子を帯電ローラに供給することにより、導電性粒子の供給と汚れの除去が効率的になり、更に清掃能力が向上し、初期から長期の印字に渡り、高品位な画像を安定に出力できる。
【0075】
〈その他〉
1)帯電ローラに印加する帯電バイアスは交番電圧成分(AC成分、周期的に電圧値が変化する電圧)を含むもので、交番電圧成分の波形としては、正弦波、矩形波、三角波等適宜使用可能である。直流電源を周期的にオン/オフすることによって形成された矩形波であってもよい。
【0076】
2)画像形成装置の場合において、像担持体としての感光体の帯電面に対する情報書き込み手段としての像露光手段は実施例のレーザー走査手段以外にも、例えば、LEDのような固体発光素子アレイを用いたデジタル露光手段であってもよい。ハロゲンランプや蛍光灯等を原稿照明光源とするアナログ的な画像露光手段であってもよい。要するに、画像情報に対応した静電潜像を形成できるものであればよい。
【0077】
3)画像形成装置の場合において、静電潜像のトナー現像方式・手段は任意である。正規現像方式でも反転現像方式でもよい。
【0078】
一般的に、静電潜像の現像方法は、非磁性トナーについてはこれをブレード等でスリーブ等の現像剤担持搬送部材上にコーティングし、磁性トナーについてはこれを現像剤担持搬送部材上に磁気力によってコーティングして搬送して像担持体に対して非接触状態で適用し静電潜像を現像する方法(1成分非接触現像)と、上記のように現像剤担持搬送部材上にコーティングしたトナーを像担持体に対して接触状態で適用し静電潜像を現像する方法(1成分接触現像)と、トナー粒子に対して磁性のキャリアを混合したものを現像剤(2成分現像剤)として用いて磁気力によって搬送して像担持体に対して接触状態で適用し静電潜像を現像する方法(2成分接触現像)と、上記の2成分現像剤を像担持体に対して非接触状態で適用し静電潜像を現像する方法(2成分非接触現像)との4種類に大別される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例1の帯電装置と感光ドラムとの側断面図
【図2】実施例1の画像形成装置の概略構成図
【図3】実施例1の帯電装置と感光ドラムとの正面図
【図4】実施例1の帯電装置と感光ドラムとの上面図
【図5】実施例2の帯電装置と感光ドラムとの正面図
【図6】実施例2の帯電装置と感光ドラムとの上面図
【図7】実施例3の帯電装置と感光ドラムとの側断面図
【図8】実施例3の帯電装置と感光ドラムとの上面図
【符号の説明】
1 感光ドラム(像担持体、被帯電体)
2 帯電装置
3 レーザービームスキャナ(露光器、露光装置)
4 現像容器(現像器)
4a 磁性ブレード
4b 現像スリーブ(スリーブ)
4c 磁石(マグネットロール)
4d 攪拌棒
5 転写ローラ
6 主除電光
7 定着ローラ(定着装置)
8 クリーニング装置
C プロセスカートリッジ
P 転写材
T 現像剤(トナー)
M 導電性粒子
201 帯電ローラ
202 ハウジング
203 導電性粒子供給部材
204 導電性粒子塗布ローラ[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a charging device and an image forming apparatus, and more particularly, to a charging device in contact charging, and an image forming apparatus such as a printer and a copier using contact charging.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, in an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic apparatus or an electrostatic recording apparatus, an image carrier (a charged body) such as an electrophotographic photosensitive member or an electrostatic recording dielectric is uniformly charged to a required polarity and potential. A corona charger (a corona discharger) has been often used as a charging device for performing a process (including a static elimination process).
[0003]
The corona charger is a non-contact type charging device, and includes, for example, a discharge electrode such as a wire electrode and a shield electrode surrounding the discharge electrode. And applying a high voltage to the discharge electrode and the shield electrode to expose the surface of the image carrier to a discharge current (corona shower) generated, thereby charging the surface of the image carrier in a predetermined manner.
[0004]
Recently, there are advantages such as low ozone and low power compared to corona chargers, so the contact method of charging the charged body by contacting the charging roller with voltage applied to the charged body as described above. Charging devices (contact charging devices) have been put to practical use.
[0005]
The contact charging device contacts a member to be charged such as an image carrier with a conductive charging member such as a roller type (charging roller), a fur brush type, a magnetic brush type, or a blade type. A predetermined charging bias is applied to a contact charger (hereinafter, referred to as a contact charging member) to charge the surface of the member to be charged to a predetermined polarity and potential.
[0006]
When a roller charging method using a conductive roller (charging roller) is used as the contact charging member, the charging roller is made of a conductive or medium-resistance rubber or foam. Further, some of them are laminated to obtain desired characteristics.
[0007]
The charging roller has elasticity in order to obtain a constant contact state with a member to be charged (hereinafter, referred to as a photoreceptor). It is driven with a speed difference. Therefore, even if an attempt is made to directly charge, the charging mechanism of the roller charging is based on the discharge charging system because the absolute charging ability is reduced, the contact is insufficient, the unevenness on the roller, and the uneven charging on the photosensitive member are unavoidable. Dominant.
[0008]
In the case of roller charging, charging starts after passing a discharge threshold of about -500V. Therefore, when charging to -500 V, a DC voltage of -1000 V is applied, or an AC voltage of 1200 V peak-to-peak is applied in addition to the charging voltage of -500 V DC so as to always have a potential difference greater than the discharge threshold. In general, the potential of the photosensitive member is made to converge to the charged potential.
[0009]
More specifically, when the charging roller is pressed against an OPC photosensitive member having a thickness of 25 μm, the surface potential of the photosensitive member starts to rise when a voltage of about 640 V or more is applied, and Thereafter, the photoconductor surface potential linearly increases with a slope of 1 with respect to the applied voltage. This threshold voltage is defined as charging start voltage Vth.
[0010]
That is, in order to obtain the photoconductor surface potential Vd required for electrophotography, the charging roller needs a DC voltage of Vd + Vth which is higher than required. The method of applying only a DC voltage to the contact charging member to perform charging in this manner is referred to as a “DC charging method”.
[0011]
However, in DC charging, since the resistance value of the contact charging member fluctuates due to environmental fluctuations and the like, and Vth fluctuates when the film thickness changes due to shaving of the photoconductor, the potential of the photoconductor is set to a desired value. It was difficult.
[0012]
For this reason, as disclosed in JP-A-63-149669, in order to further uniform the charging, an AC component having a peak-to-peak voltage of 2 × Vth or more is added to a DC voltage corresponding to a desired Vd. An “AC charging method” in which a superimposed voltage is applied to a contact charging member is used. This is for the purpose of the potential leveling effect of the AC, and the potential of the member to be charged converges to Vd, which is the center of the peak of the AC voltage, and is not affected by disturbances such as the environment.
[0013]
However, since the charging roller configured as described above is pressed against the photoreceptor drum, toner that cannot be removed by the cleaning device, paper dust or filler generated from paper adheres to the surface of the charging roller. And the surface of the charging roller is stained by the discharge products. In addition, if the above-described dirt adheres to the surface of the contact charging member, a charging failure occurs on the entire surface or a part of the photosensitive drum in the axial direction, which greatly affects the image quality of a copy. Therefore, in order to clean the surface of the charging roller as described above, in the above-described conventional example, means for pressing a member such as a sponge against the surface of the charging roller is provided, and a dirt component such as toner adhered to the charging roller is wiped off. It is configured to be able to.
[0014]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as shown in the conventional example, when the cleaning member is disposed with respect to the contact charging member, if the cleaning member is configured by a member such as a sponge, the sponge has a hole portion and a skeleton portion around the hole. There is a problem that the cleaning ability is different and streak-like dirt remains on the contact charging member, which affects the image quality of the copy. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-199604, a brush having a high density is used as a cleaning member, and the tip of the brush is contacted to the surface of the contact charging member. It is proposed to use means such as increasing the cleaning effect by arranging them so as to abut against them.
[0015]
However, in the configuration in which the tip of the brush is arranged to be in contact with the surface of the contact charging member, when the image forming apparatus is used for a long time, dirt stays at the contact portion between the cleaning member and the charging member, and the dirt is interposed. There is a difference in cleaning ability between the part to be cleaned and the other part, and it is difficult to uniformly clean dirt. In addition, we are examining a method to increase the cleaning effect by sanding the surface of the sheet material that originally has a small cleaning effect to increase the cleaning effect. However, since the unevenness is random, dirt is interposed as in the above example. It has been found that unevenness in cleaning is likely to occur due to the formation of portions.
[0016]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a charging device and an image forming apparatus capable of cleaning the surface of a charging member and stably outputting a high-quality image free from charging failure over a long period of printing.
[0017]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve such a problem, the present invention is a charging device and an image forming apparatus having the following configurations.
[0018]
(1) A charging device for charging a member to be charged while the charging roller is in contact with the member to be charged and driven to rotate, comprising a conductive particle supply member that contacts the charging roller, the conductive particle supply member Is a solid material made of conductive particles, and supplies the conductive particles to the surface of the charging roller by shaving the conductive particle supply member by itself.
[0019]
(2) A charging device for charging a member to be charged while the charging roller is in contact with the member to be charged and driven to rotate, wherein the member for applying conductive particles is in contact with the charging roller, and the member for applying conductive particles is in contact with the member. It has a conductive particle supply member, the conductive particle supply member is a solid material made of conductive particles, and supplies the conductive particles to the conductive particle application member by the conductive particle supply member being cut by itself. A charging device for supplying conductive particles to the charging roller from the conductive particle applying member.
[0020]
(3) The charging device according to (2), wherein the conductive particle applying member has a shape of a fur brush roller in which brush fibers radially spread on a cored bar, and rotates.
[0021]
(4) The conductive particle supply member according to any one of the above (1) to (3), wherein the conductive particle supply member is a solid substance made of conductive particles, and has an independent configuration separated into a plurality. The charging device as described in the above.
[0022]
(5) The charging device according to any one of the above (1) to (4), wherein the particle size of the conductive particles is equal to or smaller than the size of one pixel.
[0023]
(6) The charging device according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the conductive particles have a volume resistance of 1 × 10 12 (Ω · cm) or less.
[0024]
(7) A rotating member to be charged, charging means for charging the member to be charged, image information writing means for forming an electrostatic latent image on the charged surface of the member to be charged, and the electrostatic latent image using toner Developing means for visualizing, and transfer means for transferring the toner image to a recording medium, and cleaning means for collecting the developer remaining on the charged body after the developing means transfers the developer to the recording medium. The object to be charged is also an image forming apparatus which is repeatedly used for image formation, and the step of charging the object to be charged is the charging apparatus according to any one of the above (1) to (6). An image forming apparatus, comprising:
[0025]
[Action]
A conductive particle supply member made of conductive particles. In a charging device having a simple configuration for supplying conductive particles to the surface of the charging roller by being scraped by itself, the contamination of toner, external additives, etc. on the charging roller Adheres to the conductive particles supplied from the conductive particle supply member, and then the dirt is returned to the member to be charged together with the conductive particles, so that the dirt on the roller is cleaned.
[0026]
Furthermore, the cleaning ability is improved by abutting and rotating the conductive particle application member in the form of a fur brush roller in which brush fibers radially spread on the core metal, and the printing is performed for a long time from the beginning. Over time, it is possible to stably output a high-quality image with no charging failure.
[0027]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples with reference to the drawings.
[0028]
<Example 1>
This embodiment is an example of an image forming apparatus provided with the charging device according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a charging device according to the present invention and a photosensitive drum, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration model diagram of an image forming apparatus provided with the charging device according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a top view of the charging device and the photosensitive drum according to the present invention.
[0029]
The image forming apparatus of this embodiment is a copying machine (recording apparatus) using a transfer type electrophotographic process, a process cartridge attaching / detaching type, and a contact charging type.
[0030]
(1) Overall schematic configuration of copying machine (FIG. 2)
Reference numeral 1 denotes a member to be charged (image carrier). The present embodiment is a rotating drum type negative OPC photosensitive member having a diameter of 30 mm (a negative photosensitive member, hereinafter referred to as a photosensitive drum). The photosensitive drum 1 is rotated in the clockwise direction of the arrow at a peripheral speed of 210 mm / sec (= process speed PS, print speed). Reference numeral 2 denotes a charging device. This will be described later.
[0031]
Reference numeral 3 denotes a laser beam scanner (exposure device) including a laser diode, a polygon mirror, and the like. The laser beam scanner 3 outputs a laser beam intensity-modulated in accordance with a time-series electric digital pixel signal of target image information, and scans and exposes the uniformly charged surface of the rotating photosensitive drum 1 with the laser beam. . By this scanning exposure L, an electrostatic latent image corresponding to the target image information is formed on the surface of the rotating photosensitive drum 1.
[0032]
Reference numeral 4 denotes a developing device. The electrostatic latent image on the surface of the rotating photosensitive drum 1 is developed by this developing device 4 as a toner image. The developing device 4 will be described later.
[0033]
Reference numeral 5 denotes a medium-resistance transfer roller as a contact transfer unit, which is brought into pressure contact with the photosensitive drum 1 at a predetermined pressure to form a transfer contact portion B. A transfer material P as a recording material is fed to the transfer contact portion B from a paper feed unit (not shown) at a predetermined timing, and a predetermined transfer bias voltage is applied to the transfer roller 5 from a transfer bias application power source S3. Thus, the toner image on the photosensitive drum 1 side is sequentially transferred to the surface of the transfer material P fed to the transfer contact portion B. In this embodiment, transfer was performed by applying a DC voltage of +2000 V using a roller having a roller resistance of 5 × 10 8 Ω. That is, the transfer material P introduced into the transfer contact portion B is nipped and conveyed by the transfer contact portion B, and the toner image formed and carried on the surface of the rotary photosensitive drum 1 on the surface side thereof is sequentially pressed by electrostatic force. It is transferred by pressure.
[0034]
Reference numeral 6 denotes a main charge removing light, and after the toner image on the photosensitive drum 1 is transferred to the transfer material P, the photosensitive drum 1 surface is uniformly exposed to remove electricity.
[0035]
Reference numeral 7 denotes a fixing device such as a heat fixing method. The transfer material P fed to the transfer contact section B and having received the transfer of the toner image on the photosensitive drum 1 side is separated from the surface of the rotating photosensitive drum 1 and is introduced into the fixing device 7 where the toner image is fixed. It is discharged out of the apparatus as an image formed product (print, copy).
[0036]
8 is a cleaning device. Transfer residual toner remaining on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is removed by a dedicated cleaner (cleaning device).
[0037]
(2) Charging Device As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the charging device 2 of this embodiment includes a charging roller 201, a housing 202 accommodating a conductive particle supply member, a conductive particle supply member 203, It is made of conductive particles M and the like. The charging roller 201 and the conductive particles M will be described later.
[0038]
The charging roller 201 is a conductive elastic roller as a contact charging roller that is disposed in contact with the photosensitive drum 1 with a predetermined pressing force. A is a charging contact portion that is a contact portion between the photosensitive drum 1 and the charging roller 2.
[0039]
The charging roller 201 follows the rotation of the photosensitive drum 1 and charges the surface of the photosensitive drum while rotating. Thereby, the peripheral surface of the rotating photosensitive drum 1 is uniformly charged to a predetermined polarity and potential.
[0040]
The supply means of the conductive particles M includes a housing 202 accommodating a conductive particle supply member 203, a conductive particle supply member 203, and the like. The conductive particle supply member 203 is made of the conductive particles M. Consists of a solid and a support. Then, it is disposed above the charging roller 201, and the lower surface of the conductive particle supply member 203 in the housing 202 is always brought into contact with the upper surface of the charging roller 201 by the weight of the conductive particle supply member 203. In the contact portion, the conductive particle supply member 203 is scraped by friction by the charging roller 201 to supply the conductive particles M to the surface of the charging roller 201.
[0041]
The conductive particle supply member 203 is a member in which the conductive particles M are solidified into a chip shape (conductive particle chip), and the conductive particles M are charged by being scraped by contact with the rotating charging roller 201. A member for applying and supplying the surface of the roller 201.
[0042]
As the conductive particle supply member 203, a conductive particle M was put into a mold, pressed vertically and solidified to form a chip.
[0043]
In this embodiment, as the conductive particles M of the conductive particle supply member 203, conductive zinc oxide particles having a specific resistance of 10 6 Ω · cm and an average particle diameter of 3 μm were used. (The trade name of the conductive zinc oxide particles used this time is 23-K (C), manufactured by Hakusuiteku Co., Ltd.).
[0044]
Further, the particle resistance does not increase the resistance of the charging roller, so that the resistance is preferably 10 12 Ω · cm or less, and more preferably 10 10 Ω · cm or less.
[0045]
There is no problem that the conductive particles exist not only in the state of primary particles but also in the state of aggregation of secondary particles.
[0046]
If the particle size of the conductive particles is too large, when the particles adhere to the photoreceptor, the particles block light at the time of exposure, and after development, the particles become conspicuous in the toner, resulting in image unevenness and deterioration of the image. Let me do it. Therefore, the particle size of the conductive particles is desirably equal to or smaller than the toner particle size, and more preferably equal to or smaller than 10 μm.
[0047]
(3) Charging roller 201
The charging roller 201 as a contact charging roller in the present embodiment is composed of a metal core, an elastic layer, and a surface layer, both ends in the longitudinal direction are supported by bearings (not shown), and pressed by a pressure spring (not shown). The charging roller 201 is pressurized and brought into pressure contact with the photosensitive drum 1, and the charging roller 201 is driven to rotate in the arrow direction as the photosensitive drum 1 rotates in the arrow direction.
[0048]
Further, a DC voltage Vdc from a charging bias application power supply and an AC voltage Vac having a peak-to-peak voltage Vpp that is twice or more of a discharge threshold are superimposed on the core metal of the charging roller 201, and a voltage Vdc + Vac is applied to the core metal, The photosensitive drum 1 is charged.
[0049]
(4) Developing device 4
The developing device 4 of this embodiment is a reversal developing device 4 using a one-component magnetic toner (negative toner) as the developer T.
[0050]
Reference numeral 4b denotes a non-magnetic rotary developing sleeve as a developer-carrying / conveying member which contains a magnet roll 4C (50 to 100 mT). The magnetic blade 4a non-contactingly opposed to the rotary developing sleeve 4b allows the developer T to be thinned. Coated.
[0051]
The layer thickness of the developer T with respect to the rotary developing sleeve 4b is regulated by the magnetic blade 4a. At this time, the developer T is charged by frictional charging with the sleeve 4b.
[0052]
The developer T coated on the rotary developing sleeve 4b is conveyed to the developing section (developing area) which is the opposing portion of the photosensitive drum 1 and the sleeve 4b by the rotation of the sleeve 4b. A developing bias voltage is applied to the sleeve 4b from a developing bias applying power source.
[0053]
As the developing bias voltage, a voltage obtained by superimposing a DC voltage and a rectangular AC voltage was used. Thus, the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 1 is developed with toner.
[0054]
The developer T, that is, a one-component magnetic toner, is prepared by mixing a binder resin, magnetic particles, and a charge control agent, and performing kneading, pulverization, and classification steps, and adding a fluidizing agent and the like as an external additive thereto. It was created. The weight average particle diameter (D4) of the toner was 7 μm.
[0055]
(6) Photoconductor 1
The image carrier 1 used in this embodiment is a rotating drum type electrophotographic photosensitive member. The copying machine of this embodiment uses reversal development, and the photosensitive member is a negative-polarity OPC photosensitive member having a diameter of 30 mm, and is rotationally driven in the direction of the arrow at a peripheral speed of 210 mm / sec.
[0056]
<Example 2>
FIG. 5 is a front view of the charging device according to the present invention and the photosensitive drum 1, and FIG. 6 is a top view of the charging device according to the present invention and the photosensitive drum 1. In this embodiment, the charging device in the copying machine of the first embodiment is changed as shown in FIGS. Others are the same as the copying machine of the embodiment.
[0057]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the charging device of this embodiment has a plurality of independent configurations in which the conductive particle supply member 203 is separated in the longitudinal direction of the charging roller 201. Also, as shown in FIG. 6, by separating the conductive particle supply members 203 so as to be oblique to the longitudinal direction, each of the conductive particle supply members 203 The particles M can be supplied uniformly, and the conductive particles M can be supplied without any gap in the longitudinal direction even when the conductive particle supply member 203 is separated.
[0058]
<Example 3>
FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of the charging device according to the present invention and the photosensitive drum 1, and FIG. 8 is a top view of the charging device according to the present invention and the photosensitive drum 1.
[0059]
In the present embodiment, in the copying machine of the first embodiment, the conductive particle supplying means for the charging roller 201 is provided with a conductive particle applying roller 204 so as to be in contact with the charging roller 201 as shown in FIG. The lower surface of the conductive particle supply member 203 is in contact with the upper side of the roller 204.
[0060]
In this embodiment, a fur brush roller is used as the conductive particle application roller 204. The fur brush roller is formed by winding and fixing a fur brush formed by folding fibers into a base fabric and forming a pile, around a cored bar. The fiber density was about 500 fibers / mm 2 in terms of the fold density on the base cloth, and the length of the bristle feet (free length) was 3 mm.
[0061]
In the charging device of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the conductive particle supply member 203 is made of a solid material of the conductive particles M and a support, and is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the charging roller 201. It is separated so as to be orthogonal and has a plurality of independent configurations.
[0062]
Each conductive particle supply member 203 in the housing 202 is always in contact with the upper surface of the conductive particle application roller 204 by its own weight. Then, the conductive particle application roller 204 is rotationally driven in the counterclockwise direction of the arrow as the charging roller 201 rotates. In this configuration, by supplying the conductive particles M uniformly to the charging roller 201 via the conductive particle coating roller 204, it is possible to uniformly supply an appropriate amount of the conductive particles M to the surface of the charging roller 201. . Others are the same as the copying machine of the embodiment.
[0063]
<Comparative Example 1>
This comparative example is obtained by removing the housing 202 and the conductive particle supply member 203 from the charging device 2 in the copying machine of the first embodiment. The rest is the same as the copying machine of the first embodiment.
[0064]
<Comparative Example 2>
In this comparative example, the housing 202 and the conductive particle supply member 203 are removed from the charging device 2 in the copying machine of the first embodiment, and a cleaning pad using urethane foam is disposed so as to be able to contact and separate from the charging roller 201 instead. Has been established. The cleaning pad is brought into contact with the charging roller 201 during one rotation of the photosensitive drum 1 for every 100 printed sheets, and wipes off dirt such as toner and external additives adhered to the charging roller 201. The rest is the same as the copying machine of the first embodiment.
[0065]
[Evaluation]
Evaluation of Charging Performance The charging performance of the above Examples and Comparative Examples was evaluated at normal temperature and normal humidity of 24 ° C./40% RH. The evaluation method was to print a character pattern (A4 lengthwise direction) with a printing rate of 20% using A4 paper, print a halftone image in the middle, and evaluate whether uniform image unevenness occurs.
[0066]
As an image for evaluation, image data that repeats black and white was prepared for each line at 600 dpi and 300 dpi, and was printed on one side of a recording paper. The evaluation was performed after printing on 10,000 sheets and 50,000 sheets (A4 horizontal direction). The evaluation criteria are as follows. The results are summarized in Table 1.
[0067]
X: Unevenness occurs in a 300 dpi halftone image.
Δ: Does not occur at 300 dpi, but unevenness occurs in a 600 dpi halftone image.
:: No unevenness was found in any of the halftone images at 300 dpi and 600 dpi.
[Table 1]
Figure 2004038078
[0068]
As is clear from Table 1, in the evaluation after printing 50,000 sheets, unevenness was observed in the halftone image of 300 dpi in the comparative example, but unevenness of the halftone image of 300 dpi was improved in the example.
[0069]
In the charging device 2 having the conductive particle supply member 203 according to the first embodiment, the position of the center of gravity of the conductive particle supply member 203 is slightly shifted from the center in the longitudinal direction. When the conductive particles M were supplied to the substrate, the conductive particle supply member 203 was scraped off imbalance. As a result, the conductive particles M could not be uniformly and stably supplied to the charging roller 201, and unevenness was observed in the 600 dpi halftone image. However, after printing 10,000 sheets and 50,000 sheets, the halftone image of 300 dpi was not obtained. No unevenness was observed.
[0070]
In the second embodiment, the conductive particle supply member 203 is separated so as to be oblique to the longitudinal direction of the charging roller 201, and a plurality of independent conductive particle supply members 203 are formed. The member 203 was supplied to the charging roller 201. By doing so, an appropriate amount of the conductive particles M is uniformly supplied to the charging roller 201, and even when the conductive particle supply member 203 is separated, the conductive particles M can be uniformly supplied in the longitudinal direction. it can. As a result, no defective charging portion was observed in the 600 dpi halftone image after printing 10,000 sheets, and no defective charging portion was observed in the 300 dpi halftone image even after printing 50,000 sheets.
[0071]
Further, in the third embodiment, the conductive particle applying roller 204 is brought into contact with the charging roller 201, and the conductive particles M are uniformly supplied to the charging roller 201 via the conductive particle applying roller 204. The supply of the particles M and the removal of dirt become efficient, the cleaning ability is further improved, and the contamination of the charging roller 201 is prevented. As a result, even after printing on 10,000 sheets and after printing on 50,000 sheets, no defective charging portion was observed in the halftone image of 600 dpi.
[0072]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the charging device that charges the photosensitive drum while being driven to rotate by bringing the charging roller into contact with the photosensitive drum, the conductive particle supply member made of a solid material of the conductive particles is shaved by itself, and the charging roller By supplying the conductive particles to the surface, dirt such as toner and external additives on the charging roller adheres to the conductive particles, and then the dirt is returned to the member to be charged together with the conductive particles. Contamination does not increase.
[0073]
In addition, by separating the conductive particle supply member into a plurality, a suitable amount of conductive particles can be uniformly supplied to the surface of the charging roller. This makes it possible to clean the charging roller evenly over the entire period from the initial printing to the long-term printing, and to stably output an image.
[0074]
Furthermore, by supplying the conductive particles to the charging roller through the conductive particles applying roller by contacting the conductive particles applying roller, the supply of the conductive particles and the removal of dirt are efficient. Further, the cleaning ability is further improved, and a high-quality image can be stably output over a long period of time from the initial printing.
[0075]
<Others>
1) The charging bias applied to the charging roller includes an alternating voltage component (AC component, a voltage whose voltage value changes periodically), and the waveform of the alternating voltage component is appropriately used such as a sine wave, a rectangular wave, and a triangular wave. It is possible. It may be a rectangular wave formed by periodically turning on / off a DC power supply.
[0076]
2) In the case of an image forming apparatus, an image exposing unit as a unit for writing information on a charged surface of a photoreceptor as an image carrier may be a solid light emitting element array such as an LED other than the laser scanning unit of the embodiment. The digital exposure means used may be used. An analog image exposure unit using a halogen lamp, a fluorescent lamp, or the like as a document illumination light source may be used. In short, any device that can form an electrostatic latent image corresponding to image information may be used.
[0077]
3) In the case of an image forming apparatus, a toner developing method and means for an electrostatic latent image are arbitrary. The regular development method or the reversal development method may be used.
[0078]
In general, a method of developing an electrostatic latent image is to coat a non-magnetic toner on a developer carrying member such as a sleeve with a blade or the like, and to coat a magnetic toner on a developer carrying member such as a sleeve. A method of developing the electrostatic latent image by applying it in a non-contact state to the image carrier by coating and conveying by force (one-component non-contact development), and coating the developer carrying member as described above A method of developing an electrostatic latent image by applying toner in a contact state to an image carrier (one-component contact development), and a developer in which a magnetic carrier is mixed with toner particles (a two-component developer) A method of developing the electrostatic latent image by applying a magnetic force to the image carrier in a contact state (two-component contact development), and a method of applying the two-component developer to the image carrier. Apply in the contact state to create an electrostatic latent image It is roughly divided into four types of methods (2-component non-contact development) to the image.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a charging device and a photosensitive drum according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an image forming apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a front view of the charging device and the photosensitive drum according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a top view of the charging device and the photosensitive drum according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a front view of the charging device and the photosensitive drum according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a top view of the charging device and the photosensitive drum according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of the charging device and the photosensitive drum according to the third embodiment. FIG. 8 is a top view of the charging device and the photosensitive drum according to the third embodiment.
1. Photosensitive drum (image carrier, charged object)
2 Charging device 3 Laser beam scanner (exposure device, exposure device)
4 Developing container (developing unit)
4a Magnetic blade 4b Developing sleeve (sleeve)
4c magnet (magnet roll)
4d stirring rod 5 transfer roller 6 main static elimination light 7 fixing roller (fixing device)
8 Cleaning device C Process cartridge P Transfer material T Developer (toner)
M conductive particles 201 charging roller 202 housing 203 conductive particle supply member 204 conductive particle application roller

Claims (7)

帯電ローラを被帯電体に接触させて従動回転しつつ該被帯電体を帯電する帯電装置であり、該帯電ローラに接触する導電性粒子供給部材を有し、該導電性粒子供給部材は、導電性粒子からなる固形物であり、該導電性粒子供給部材が自ら削れることで該導電性粒子を該帯電ローラの表面に供給することを特徴とする帯電装置。A charging device for charging the object to be charged while the charging roller is in contact with the object to be charged and driven to rotate. The charging device includes a conductive particle supply member that contacts the charging roller, and the conductive particle supply member includes A charging device comprising: a solid material composed of conductive particles; wherein the conductive particle supply member supplies the conductive particles to the surface of the charging roller by scraping the conductive particle supply member. 帯電ローラを被帯電体に接触させて従動回転しつつ被帯電体を帯電する帯電装置であり、該帯電ローラに接触する導電性粒子塗布部材と、該導電性粒子塗布部材に接触する導電性粒子供給部材を有し、該導電性粒子供給部材は、導電性粒子からなる固形物であり、導電性粒子供給部材が自ら削れることで導電性粒子を該導電性粒子塗布部材に供給し、更に該導電性粒子塗布部材から該帯電ローラに導電性粒子を供給することを特徴とする帯電装置。A charging device for charging an object to be charged while being driven to rotate by bringing a charging roller into contact with the object to be charged, a conductive particle applying member contacting the charging roller, and conductive particles contacting the conductive particle applying member Having a supply member, the conductive particle supply member is a solid material composed of conductive particles, and supplies the conductive particles to the conductive particle application member by the conductive particle supply member shaving itself, and further comprises: A charging device, comprising supplying conductive particles to the charging roller from a conductive particle applying member. 該導電性粒子塗布部材は、芯金上にブラシ繊維が放射状に広がるファーブラシローラの形状を有し、回転することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の帯電装置。The charging device according to claim 2, wherein the conductive particle applying member has a shape of a fur brush roller in which brush fibers radially spread on a cored bar, and rotates. 該導電性粒子供給部材は、導電性粒子からなる固形物であり、複数に分離された独立した構成をとっていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3の何れかに記載の帯電装置。The charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the conductive particle supply member is a solid material made of conductive particles, and has an independent configuration separated into a plurality of parts. 該導電性粒子の粒径が1画素の大きさ以下であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4の何れかに記載の帯電装置。5. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein a particle size of the conductive particles is equal to or smaller than a size of one pixel. 該導電性粒子の体積抵抗が1×1012(Ω・cm)以下であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5の何れかに記載の帯電装置。The charging device according to claim 1, wherein a volume resistance of the conductive particles is 1 × 10 12 (Ω · cm) or less. 回転する被帯電体と、該被帯電体を帯電する帯電手段と、該被帯電体の帯電面に静電潜像を形成する画像情報書き込み手段と、その静電潜像をトナーによって可視化する現像手段と、該トナー像を記録媒体に転写する転写手段とを備え、前記現像手段が現像剤を被記録体に転写した後に被帯電体上に残留した現像剤を回収するクリーニング手段を兼ねており、被帯電体は繰り返して作像に供される画像形成装置であり、該被帯電体を帯電する工程手段が、請求項1ないし6の何れかに記載の帯電装置であることを特徴とする画像形成装置。A rotating member to be charged, charging means for charging the member to be charged, image information writing means for forming an electrostatic latent image on a charged surface of the member to be charged, and development for visualizing the electrostatic latent image with toner Means for transferring the toner image to a recording medium, and also serves as a cleaning means for collecting the developer remaining on the charged body after the developing means transfers the developer to the recording body. The object to be charged is an image forming apparatus that is repeatedly used for image formation, and the step of charging the object to be charged is the charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Image forming device.
JP2002198564A 2002-07-08 2002-07-08 Charging device and image forming apparatus Withdrawn JP2004038078A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10234806B2 (en) 2017-02-23 2019-03-19 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10234806B2 (en) 2017-02-23 2019-03-19 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus

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