JP2004036904A - Pressurized air blasting apparatus and dryer using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pressurized air blasting apparatus and a dryer using the apparatus capable of coping with a wide range of materials from a liquid material such as sludge to a solid material. <P>SOLUTION: In this pressurized air blasting device 11 for blasting pressurized air to a dried material P to grind/disperse and transfer the dried material P, a pressurized air blasting part 12 constituted by arranging a plurality of Laval nozzles and connecting them to a pressurized air supply device 3 is placed to face the hot air blasting part 13 side in a drying cylinder 6 connected to a hot air generator 4, and the opening shape of a blasting opening part 12A of the nozzle is formed in elongate shape. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides, for example, on-site drying of organic residues such as food residues such as apples and vegetables and sewerage sludge, processing and washing waste liquid drying such as resist waste generated in the electronics industry, and drying in the production of foods and chemicals. The present invention relates to a pressurized air injection device used in processing and the like and a drying device using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, there has been increasing momentum for recycling and recycling of organic waste in building a regional recycling-based society. In particular, for food waste, an on-site treatment device is indispensable from the viewpoint of preventing spoilage. With a conventional drying or fermentation type treatment apparatus, it is difficult to treat sludge having a high moisture content such as food sludge, and the cost burden on the apparatus introduction side is often increased. Therefore, conventionally, a jet burner type dryer using a jet stream of high temperature and high pressure has been used. Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-337491, a high-temperature high-pressure steam from outside is supplied from one end to adjust the steam flow, and the other end of the steam flow adjusting unit is provided. There has been proposed a steam jet jet injection device including a nozzle provided in the air conditioner and having a throat for jetting steam at a supersonic flow, and a heat insulating member attached around a steam flow adjusting unit. Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-74370, a pressurized air jetting means for injecting pressurized air to an object to be dried and crushing, dispersing and transferring the object to be dried by the kinetic energy of the air pressure. There has been proposed a drying apparatus provided with the above.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a conventionally proposed apparatus, for example, in the case of a jet burner type dryer, the apparatus itself is very expensive due to the high temperature and high pressure jet stream, and the maintenance cost is also expensive because the life of the parts is short. . Further, in the case of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-337491, since the drying apparatus uses a steam jet jet system having a steam flow adjusting section for adjusting a steam flow, the problem of the jet burner has been solved in maintenance and the like. However, in a case where the degree of drying is high, problems such as deterioration of drying efficiency due to reattachment of steam remain. Furthermore, since the opening shape of the injection nozzle is a single round shape, there is a possibility that the effect of the pulverization and dispersion by the steady shock wave generated by the supersonic flow may not be sufficiently obtained. Further, in the case of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-74370, the drying efficiency is improved by 30 to 50% as compared with the steam jet by replacing the jet jet fluid with steam and using pressurized air. The use is narrow because the dried product is limited to a fine solid, a solution and a slurry. Also, when considering the total drying cost, it is important to reduce the cost of generating the compressed air, but there are various problems such as the fact that it has not yet been fully solved. Had.
[0004]
Accordingly, the present invention has been created in view of the above-mentioned various circumstances, and aims to improve the efficiency of a pressurized air injection type drying apparatus and reduce the cost burden on the apparatus introduction side. And the pressure air injection device that can handle a wide range of substances from liquids such as sludge to solids, and drying using the same. It is intended to provide a device.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the pressurized air injection device 11 according to the present invention, the pressurized air injection device 11 for injecting pressurized air to the object to be dried P to pulverize, disperse, and transfer the object to be dried P A pressure air injection unit 12 having a plurality of Laval tubular nozzles (Level nozzles) connected to the pressure air supply device 3 is connected to the hot air injection unit inside the drying cylinder 6 connected to the hot air generation device 4. 13 and the opening shape of the ejection opening 12A of the nozzle is formed in an elongated shape.
In the drying apparatus 1 using the pressurized air injection device 11 according to the present invention, high-pressure air is generated and supplied to the pressurized air injection unit 12 of the drying cylinder 6 through the heat exchanger 5. And a hot air generator 4 that generates hot air by supplying fuel and outside air and supplies the hot air to a hot air injection unit 13 disposed around the pressure air injection unit 12 of the drying cylinder 6. A drying apparatus 1 using a pressure air injection device 11 comprising a plurality of Laval tubular nozzles arranged in a plurality and connected to a pressure air supply device 3 to form a pressure air injection unit 12. The opening 12A of the nozzle is formed to have an elongated shape while facing the hot air jetting portion 13 inside the drying cylinder 6 connected to the hot air generating device 4.
Further, a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated and separated from the cyclone 7 and released into the atmosphere is circulated so that the dried material P from the processing material supply device 2 and the pressurized air from the pressure air supply device 3 are respectively circulated. The heat exchanger 5 includes a heat exchanger 5 that applies heat energy, is sent to the hot air generator 4, is heated again, and is supplied to the hot air injection unit 13 of the drying cylinder 6.
[0006]
In the pressurized air injection device 11 according to the present invention configured as described above and the drying device 1 using the same, the pressurized air supply device 3 generates high-pressure pressurized air and passes this pressurized air through the heat exchanger 5. The pressure is supplied to the pressurized air injection device 11 of the drying cylinder 6. At the same time, the hot air generator 4 generates hot air, and supplies the hot air to the hot air injection unit 13 disposed around the pressure air injection unit 12 inside one end of the drying cylinder 6 via a fan. At this time, the pressurized air becomes a jet jet having a cutting edge-like pulse waveform that repeats expansion and contraction while generating an oblique shock wave from the edge of the elongated ejection opening 12A having a rectangular shape or the like of the nozzle. Injected from. Then, the dried material P in the form of a solution / slurry or solid is sequentially supplied to the front position of the pressure air injection unit 12 of the pressure air injection device 11 which passes through the heat exchanger 5 to the drying cylinder 6 by the processed material supply device 2. At this time, the hot air injection unit 13 injects hot air around the jet of the pressurized air injection unit 12 by the pressurized air to dry the object to be dried P, and at the same time, by the jet of the pressurized air from the nozzle of the pressurized air injection unit 12. The object to be dried P is pulverized and diffused by the generated supersonic flow and shock wave.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a drying apparatus 1 using a pressurized air injection device 11 for drying an object P to be dried while being crushed and diffused. As shown in FIG. 1, the drying apparatus 1 includes a processing object supply device 2, a pressure air supply device 3, a hot air generation device 4, a heat exchanger 5, and a pressure air injection device. A drying cylinder 6 having an apparatus 11 and a cyclone 7 are provided.
[0008]
The processed material supply device 2 supplies the solution / slurry-like or solid-state material to be dried P to a pressure air injection unit 12 (to be described later) of a pressure air injection device 11 which passes through the heat exchanger 5 to the drying cylinder 6. The apparatus includes a crusher 2A for crushing the dried material P and a hopper 2B for sending the crushed dried material P into the heat exchanger 5.
[0009]
The pressure air supply device 3 is a device for generating high-pressure air of, for example, 3 to 5 kgf / cm 2 or more, and supplying this pressure air to the pressure air injection device 11 of the drying cylinder 6 via the heat exchanger 5. This is a device for pulverizing, dispersing, and transferring the object to be dried P by the kinetic energy of the compressed air.
[0010]
The hot air generator 4 generates hot air of, for example, about 150 to 300 ° C. by supplying fuel and outside air, and generates the hot air through a fan 4 </ b> A to a pressure air injection unit 12 (described later) inside one end of the drying cylinder 6. The hot-air jet unit 13 is a device for supplying hot air to the hot-air jet unit 13 disposed around the hot-air jet unit 13. The hot-air jet unit 13 injects hot air around the jet of the pressurized air from the pressurized air jet unit 12 to dry the object P to be dried. It is.
[0011]
The heat exchanger 5 circulates a part of high-temperature exhaust gas, for example, having a temperature of about 100 ° C., which is generated and separated from the cyclone 7 and released into the air, thereby achieving energy saving by reusing heat energy. Yes, after applying thermal energy to each of the material P to be dried from the processing material supply device 2 and the pressurized air from the pressurized air supply device 3, it is sent to the hot air generator 4 where it is heated again to about 300 ° C. or more. After that, the hot air is supplied to the hot air injection unit 13 of the drying cylinder 6 via the fan 4A.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 2, the pressurized air injection device 11 provided in the drying cylinder 6 has a Laval tubular nozzle (not shown) at the hot air injection unit 13 side inside one end of the drying cylinder 6 connected to the hot air generation device 4. Level nozzle) faces the pressure air injection unit 12 which is disposed at one opening side of the cylindrical body at three positions, for example, upper, middle, and lower stages, and the nozzle 12A of the nozzle is directed to the drying cylinder 6 side. It is arranged facing. The other end opening side of the compressed air injection unit 12 is connected to the compressed air supply device 3 via the heat exchanger 5.
[0013]
This Laval tubular nozzle first accelerates the gas through a nozzle whose cross section becomes smaller, reaches the speed of sound at the position where the cross section becomes minimum, then expands the gas by expanding the nozzle cross section This is a well-known structure in which a supersonic flow is obtained by further continuously accelerating the flow. If the flow rate of the gas passing through the nozzle is a special value and the pressure at the position of the ejection opening 12A of the nozzle is lower than the outside pressure, the outflow of the gas becomes discontinuous and the edge of the ejection opening 12A of the nozzle An oblique shock wave is generated. At this time, the gas is strongly compressed inward by the external pressure from the outer peripheral portion of the gas flow, but only when the intensity is not so large, a steady shock wave is generated from the ejection opening 12A of the nozzle. In this way, the gas is jetted from the jet opening 12A as a jet jet having a cutting edge pulse waveform that repeats expansion and contraction while generating oblique shock waves from the edge of the rectangular jet opening 12A of the nozzle, The supersonic flow and shock wave of this gas are used for pulverizing and diffusing the object P to be dried.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 3, the ejection opening 12A of the nozzle is formed in an elongated shape such as a substantially rectangular shape so as to reduce the opening area, thereby reducing the consumption of pressurized air as the injection gas. It is made possible. At this time, the cross-sectional area of the ejection opening 12A of the nozzle is set such that the pressure at the ejection opening 12A of the nozzle is lower than the outside pressure in accordance with the set flow rate of the gas passing through the nozzle. I have.
[0015]
In the present embodiment, the most preferable opening shape of the ejection opening portion 12A of the nozzle is a substantially rectangular shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this shape. Various shapes such as a spindle shape, a flat rhombus shape, a drum shape, and a wedge shape can also be set. In short, in the present invention, the opening shape of the ejection opening portion 12A is not formed in a conventional circular shape but in an elongated shape. It is good. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, there are six nozzles arranged at the center of the upper stage, two at the left and right of the middle stage, and three at the center and the left and right of the lower stage. However, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these numbers and arrangement forms. For example, an arrangement may be made in which the number is one at the center of the upper row and two at the left and right of the middle row, for a total of three.
[0016]
The cyclone 7 is a device for separating solid matter and exhaust gas matter of the dried matter P after treatment by centrifugal force, and the solid matter falls downward and is recycled as, for example, compost, fertilizer, feed, etc. A part of the exhaust gas is returned to the heat exchanger 5 so as to contribute to the heating of the material P to be dried from the processing material supply device 2 and the pressurized air from the pressure air supply device 3. Note that, instead of the cyclone 7, a back-filter type separation / collection device that separates the material to be dried P into solid matter and exhaust gas may be used.
[0017]
Next, an example of use and operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, high-pressure air is generated by a high-pressure air supply device 3 as shown in FIG. The air is supplied to the pressurized air injection device 11 of the drying cylinder 6 via the exchanger 5. At the same time, hot air is generated by the hot air generator 4 and supplied to the hot air injection unit 13 disposed around the pressure air injection unit 12 inside one end of the drying cylinder 6 via the fan 4A. At this time, the pressurized air is jetted from the ejection opening 12A as a cutting edge-shaped pulse waveform that repeatedly expands and contracts while generating an oblique shock wave from the edge of the rectangular ejection opening 12A of the nozzle. .
[0018]
Then, the processed material supply device 2 sequentially supplies the solution / slurry-like or solid-state material to be dried P to a position in front of the pressure air injection unit 12 of the pressure air injection device 11 which passes through the heat exchanger 5 to the drying cylinder 6. At this time, the hot air injection unit 13 injects hot air around the jet of the pressurized air injection unit 12 by the pressurized air to dry the object to be dried P, and at the same time, by the jet of the pressurized air from the nozzle of the pressurized air injection unit 12. The object to be dried P is pulverized and diffused by the generated supersonic flow and shock wave.
[0019]
After the treatment by the drying cylinder 6, the material to be dried P is sent to the cyclone 7, where the solid content and the exhaust gas content of the material to be dried P are separated by centrifugal force. The solids fall down and are recycled as, for example, compost, fertilizer, feed, and the like. On the other hand, a part of the exhaust gas portion is returned to the heat exchanger 5 and heat energy is applied to the object P to be dried from the processing object supply device 2 and the pressurized air from the pressure air supply device 3, respectively. 4 and heated there again, and then supplied to the hot air jet unit 13 of the drying cylinder 6 via the fan 4A.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the drying apparatus 1 of the pressurized air jet type, to reduce the cost burden on the apparatus introduction side, and to treat waste. The present invention provides a pressure air injection device 11 and a drying device 1 using the same, which are very advantageous in cost and environmental load as compared with the conventional treatment method, and which can handle a wide range from liquids such as sludge to solids. can do.
[0021]
In addition, it can solve the problem of the economics of waste generators at once, and can further promote regional recycling-type treatment and contribute to revitalization of local industries. In addition, the recycling rate of organic waste can be improved, and the emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to promote the conversion of food waste into feed and contribute to the improvement of feed self-sufficiency rate.
[0022]
In particular, a plurality of Laval tubular nozzles are arranged and connected to the pressure air supply device 3 so that the pressure air injection unit 12 faces the hot air injection unit 13 inside the drying cylinder 6 connected to the hot air generation device 4. By reducing the opening area of the ejection opening 12A of the nozzle by forming the opening shape of the ejection opening 12A of the nozzle into an elongated shape such as a substantially rectangular shape, the consumption of the pressurized air as the injection gas is reduced to about half or less. Can be reduced to Moreover, for this reason, a plurality of nozzles can be provided, and the pulverization / diffusion efficiency of the object to be dried P can be increased at a time. Further, the pressurized air is jetted from the jet opening 12A as a jet jet having a cutting edge pulse waveform that repeats expansion and contraction while generating an oblique shock wave from the edge of the rectangular jet opening 12A of the nozzle, Since the supersonic flow and the shock wave of this gas are used for pulverizing and diffusing the object P to be dried, it is possible to pulverize / diffuse and instantly dry solid materials, which are difficult with the prior art.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the compressed air injection device.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.
[Explanation of symbols]
P ... Dried material 1 ... Drying device 2 ... Processed material supply device 3 ... Pressure air supply device 4 ... Hot air generator 5 ... Heat exchanger 6 ... Drying cylinder 7 ... Cyclone 11 ... Pressure air injection device 12 ... Pressure air injection unit 12A … Squirt opening 13… Hot air spray

Claims (3)

A pressure air injection device for injecting pressurized air into the object to be dried to pulverize, disperse, and transfer the object to be dried,
A Laval tubular nozzle is arranged in a plurality, and a pressure air injection unit connected to a pressure air supply device is made to face the hot air injection unit side inside the drying cylinder connected to the hot air generation device. A pressure air injection device characterized in that the opening is formed in an elongated shape. A pressure air supply device that generates high-pressure air, and supplies the pressure air to a pressure air injection unit of the drying cylinder via a heat exchanger;
A drying apparatus using a pressure air injection device, comprising: a hot air generation device that generates hot air by supplying fuel and outside air and supplies the hot air to a hot air injection unit disposed around a pressure air injection unit of a drying cylinder. And
The pressure air injection device has a Laval tubular nozzle arranged in a plurality and the pressure air injection unit connected to the pressure air supply device faces the hot air injection unit side inside the drying cylinder connected to the hot air generation device, A drying device using a pressurized air injection device, characterized in that the opening shape of the ejection opening portion of the nozzle is elongated. By circulating a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated and separated from the cyclone and released into the atmosphere, heat energy is applied to each of the material to be dried from the processing material supply device and the pressurized air from the pressure air supply device, The drying device using the pressure air injection device according to claim 2, further comprising a heat exchanger that is sent to the hot air generation device, heated again, and then supplied to the hot air injection portion of the drying cylinder.

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