JP2004035288A - Method for charring agricultural product material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method that an agricultural product material can be well charred so as to effectively use agricultural products such as bamboo shoot. <P>SOLUTION: An agricultural product material is housed in a refractory container 38 which is made of a mesh-like plate material or of a plate material having many small holes and which can be closed. The refractory container is then closed and located in a combustion kiln 10. The agricultural product material is charred in the combustion kiln as sealed while air is supplied into the kiln in a controlled supply amount. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【００２９】
【表２】

【００３０】
以上のような条件での炭化処理により、全体が均一に炭化され原形をほぼ完全に留めたタケノコの炭化物が得られた。炭化物の重量は、２５ｇであった。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
請求項１に係る発明の炭化方法によると、タケノコ等の農産物を、灰化部分や未炭化部分を生じることなく均一に炭化させることができ、得られた炭化物は、精製するなどした後、食品、飼料などに添加して用いることにより、ミネラル分を摂取したり体内に入った有害物質を吸着して体外へ排出する機能を持たせたりすることができる。
【００３２】
請求項２に係る発明の炭化方法では、竹炭や木炭などを製造する土窯を使用し竹材や木材などを炭化材料として、農産物材料を良好に炭化させることができる。
【００３３】
請求項３に係る発明の炭化方法では、農産物材料の炭化物と共に竹炭を得ることができる。
【００３４】
請求項４に係る発明の炭化方法では、ミネラル分を豊富に含有したタケノコの炭化物を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明に係る農産物材料の炭化方法を実施するために使用される燃焼窯の構成の１例を示し、土窯の正面断面図である。
【図２】図１に示した土窯の平面断面図である。
【図３】この発明に係る農産物材料の炭化方法で使用される耐火性容器の構成の１例を示す一部破断正面図である。
【図４】耐火性容器の別の構成例を示す部分拡大図である。
【符号の説明】
１０　土窯
１２　炭化室
１４　窯口
１６　煙道
１８　燃焼室
２０　障壁
２２　開口部
２４　燃材の投入口
２６　空気孔
２８　底板
３０　窯底
３２　精錬口
３４　送気口
３６　空気通路
３８、４４　耐火性容器
４０　蓋
４２　小孔
４６　農産物材料[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for carbonizing agricultural products, for example, bamboo shoots, sugar cane, corn, plum nuts, onions, potatoes, pumpkins, and the like. It is used in addition to, for example.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Many bamboo shoots are harvested around April and May, and the harvested bamboo shoots are used as they are for cooking or processed into boiled bamboo shoots or the like. Bamboo shoots after harvesting have a bitter taste immediately, so that it is necessary to boil the bamboo shoots on the day they are dug out, not only when the bamboo shoots are used for cooking as is, but also when they are processed into boiled bamboo shoots or the like. Also, harvested bamboo shoots must be carefully transported and stored without exposure to sunlight, rainwater, or piles. Therefore, the yield of bamboo shoots depends on the processing capacity, transport / storage capacity, etc. of the processing plant, and the unharvested bamboo shoots grow into bamboo.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, bamboo shoots are not always harvested, and many of them grow into bamboo without being harvested. Therefore, it cannot be said that bamboo shoots are sufficiently used as food. This bamboo shoot is 90% or more water and low in nutritional value, but rich in minerals. And since bamboo shoots are food, even if they are carbonized, their safety as food is high.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for effectively carbonizing agricultural products in order to effectively use agricultural products such as bamboo shoots.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is a method of carbonizing agricultural products, wherein at least a part is formed in a mesh shape, or at least a part is formed of a plate material having a large number of small holes, and can be closed. Inside the refractory container, which contains the agricultural material to be carbonized, after closing the refractory container, disposing the refractory container inside the combustion kiln, and then closing the combustion kiln The method is characterized in that agricultural products are carbonized in the combustion kiln while air is supplied into the combustion kiln while controlling the supply amount.
[0006]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the carbonization method according to the first aspect, an earthen kiln is used as the combustion kiln, and a carbonized material is disposed inside the earthen kiln together with the refractory container containing the agricultural product material. The method is characterized in that the earthen kiln is closed after the material is ignited, and the agricultural material is carbonized together with the carbonized material.
[0007]
The invention according to claim 3 is the carbonization method according to claim 2, wherein the carbonized material is bamboo, and the bamboo is carbonized to produce bamboo charcoal.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the carbonization method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the agricultural product material is bamboo shoot.
[0009]
According to the carbonization method of the first aspect of the present invention, the carbonization treatment is performed by disposing the refractory container inside the combustion kiln in a state where the agricultural product material is stored inside the closed refractory container. At this time, the combustion gas in the combustion kiln flows into the refractory container through a mesh or small holes and circulates inside the refractory container, so that each part of the agricultural material comes into contact with the combustion gas evenly and burns uniformly. Let me do. Accordingly, a carbonized agricultural product material that is entirely carbonized is obtained.
[0010]
According to the carbonization method of the invention according to claim 2, it is possible to use an earthen kiln for producing bamboo charcoal or charcoal, and to use the bamboo material or wood as a carbonized material to carbonize the agricultural material satisfactorily.
[0011]
According to the carbonization method of the invention according to claim 3, bamboo charcoal is obtained together with the carbide of the agricultural product material.
[0012]
According to the carbonization method of the fourth aspect of the invention, a bamboo shoot carbide rich in minerals can be obtained.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
1 and 2 show an example of the configuration of a combustion kiln used to carry out the method for carbonizing agricultural products according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 is a front sectional view and FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view. is there. This combustion kiln is an earthen kiln 10 generally used when producing bamboo charcoal or charcoal.
[0015]
The earthen kiln 10 has a ceiling formed in a dome shape, and a peripheral wall formed in a shape obtained by adding small rectangles to an ellipse. The earthen kiln 10 includes a carbonization chamber 12 having an elliptical horizontal cross section. A kiln opening 14 is formed at one end of the earthen kiln 10 and closed by a kiln door, and a flue 16 is formed at the other end. A chimney (not shown) is provided to communicate with the flue 16. A combustion chamber 18 having a rectangular horizontal section is provided on the kiln opening 14 side. The carbonization chamber 12 and the combustion chamber 18 are partitioned by a barrier 20 whose upper end is lower than the ceiling surface of the earthen kiln 10, and communicate with each other via an opening 22 between the ceiling surface and the upper end of the barrier 20.
[0016]
In the kiln door that closes the kiln 14, an inlet 24 and an air hole 26 for a fuel material such as wood or charcoal are formed respectively. The bottom of the combustion chamber 18 is separated by a bottom plate 28 made of ceramics or the like, and the space between the bottom plate 28 and the kiln bottom 30 communicates with the outside air via a refining port 32 and is sent to the inner bottom of the carbonization chamber 12. An air passage 36 communicates through the air port 34. The configuration of the earthen kiln 10 described above is the same as that used for a long time.
[0017]
In the method for carbonizing agricultural materials according to the present invention, a fire-resistant container 38 is provided which accommodates agricultural materials to be carbonized, for example, bamboo shoots and is disposed inside the carbonizing chamber 12 of the earthen kiln 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the refractory container 38 is a rectangular container whose opening surface can be closed by a lid 40, and is formed of a refractory material such as stainless steel. The refractory container 38 is entirely or partially formed in a mesh shape, and the combustion gas can flow into the container through the mesh. Further, as shown in a partially enlarged view of FIG. 4, the refractory container 44 may be manufactured from a punched steel plate in which a large number of small holes 42 are formed. The diameter of the small hole 42 is, for example, 15 mm or less, preferably 10 mm or less.
[0018]
Next, a method of carbonizing agricultural products using the earthen kiln 10 and the refractory container 38 described above will be described.
[0019]
First, an agricultural material 46, for example, bamboo shoots, is put inside the fire-resistant container 38, and the opening surface of the fire-resistant container 38 is closed with the lid 40, and then the fire-resistant container 38 is arranged in the carbonization chamber 12 of the earthen kiln 10. At this time, a carbonized material such as bamboo or wood is built together with the refractory container 38 inside the carbonized chamber 12. Although only one fire-resistant container 38 is shown in FIG. 1, in practice, a plurality of fire-resistant containers 38 containing bamboo shoots are stacked and arranged. Thereafter, a fuel material such as wood or carbon material is charged into the combustion chamber 18, the fuel material is ignited, and the fuel material is kept burning in the combustion chamber 18. Thereby, the earthen kiln 10 is warmed, and the carbonized material and the bamboo shoots are dried. At this time, the temperature in the kiln is usually measured by measuring the temperature of the smoke outlet of the chimney (the temperature control in each of the following steps is similarly performed). The smoke outlet temperature in the process of ignition, heating of the earthen kiln 10 and drying of the material is adjusted so that the temperature is raised from room temperature to, for example, about 80 ° C to 90 ° C. This process is continued, for example, for about 2 to 7 days.
[0020]
Next, when it is confirmed that the carbonized material in the carbonized chamber 12 has been ignited, the opening of the combustion chamber 18 is closed with soil, and the carbonized material and the bamboo shoot are carbonized while adjusting the amount of air at the storm port in front of the kiln. . The flue gas temperature in this carbonization step is controlled so as to rise from about 80 ° C. to 90 ° C. during ignition to about 280 ° C. In addition, the heating rate in the carbonization step is, for example, about 2 ° C. or less / h from ignition to about 120 ° C. (smoke outlet temperature, the same applies hereinafter), and about 2 ° C./h from about 120 ° C. to 150 ° C. C. to 5 ° C./h, from about 150 ° C. to 220 ° C., about 2 ° C. to 5 ° C./h, and from about 220 ° C. to 280 ° C., about 4 ° C. to 6 ° C./h. This carbonization is performed, for example, for about 44 hours to 4 days.
[0021]
During the carbonization, the combustion gas in the carbonization chamber 12 of the earthen kiln 10 flows into the refractory container 38 through a mesh (or a small hole) and circulates inside the refractory container 38. Regardless of the position, each part of each bamboo shoot comes into contact with the combustion gas evenly and is burned uniformly. Therefore, the whole bamboo shoot is well carbonized, and there is no occurrence of partial incineration or non-carbonized portion.
[0022]
When the carbonization step is completed, the scouring port 32 is opened, and a large amount of air is sent from the air supply port 34 into the carbonization chamber 12 through the air passage 36. As a result, a part of the carbide is burned and the internal temperature of the carbonization chamber 12 rises, for example, the smoke outlet temperature rises to about 280 ° C. to 400 ° C. This scouring step is continued for about 2 to 6 hours, for example. Thereafter, the gas inside the earthen kiln 10 is evacuated, and the opening of the kiln opening 14 and the smoke exhaust port of the chimney are closed to seal the earthen kiln 10. In this state, the earthen kiln 10 is allowed to cool naturally, and is left until the smoke outlet temperature drops to about 40 ° C. This cooling takes about 4 to 5 days.
[0023]
Through the above-described steps, a bamboo charcoal that is well carbonized as a whole and rich in minerals can be obtained together with bamboo charcoal and charcoal.
[0024]
The shape of the refractory container is not limited to a square shape, but may be a cylindrical shape or the like. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the material is carbonized using an earth kiln, but other combustion kilns, for example, a combustion chamber and a carbonization furnace are provided separately and they form a combustion gas passage. It is also possible to use a carbonizing device (mechanical furnace) connected in a flow path through the apparatus. In that case, only the refractory container containing the agricultural product may be arranged inside the carbonization furnace.
[0025]
【Example】
Next, an example in which the method according to the present invention is more specifically described.
[0026]
Using a black charcoal kiln dedicated to bamboo charcoal with an internal volume of about 8 m ³ (depth 2.8 m, maximum width 2.6 m, height 1.4 m), in the kiln with about 1.5 t A fire-resistant container containing 450 g of mushroom bamboo shoots was arranged, and carbonization was performed in the above-described procedure. The refractory container was manufactured using a plate material having a size of 20 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm and a large number of small holes having a diameter of about 10 mm punched into a stainless steel plate.
[0027]
During the carbonization treatment, the atmosphere temperature in the kiln was monitored by measuring with a thermocouple at six points indicated by points a to f in FIGS. 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the required time and ambient temperature in each operation step. Table 2 shows the elapsed time after ignition in the carbonization to scouring step and the minimum and maximum ambient temperatures among the six measurement points. The kiln was closed at the ambient temperature (maximum temperature) of about 750 ° C. after the refining was completed.
[0028]
[Table 1]

[0029]
[Table 2]

[0030]
By the carbonization treatment under the above conditions, a bamboo shoot carbide was obtained in which the whole was uniformly carbonized and the original shape was almost completely retained. The weight of the carbide was 25 g.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the carbonization method of the invention according to claim 1, agricultural products such as bamboo shoots can be uniformly carbonized without producing an incinerated portion or an uncarbonized portion. When used in addition to feed or the like, it can have a function of ingesting minerals and adsorbing harmful substances that have entered the body and discharging them to the outside.
[0032]
In the carbonization method according to the second aspect of the present invention, an agricultural material can be satisfactorily carbonized by using an earthen kiln for producing bamboo charcoal or charcoal and using bamboo or wood as a carbonized material.
[0033]
According to the carbonization method of the invention according to claim 3, bamboo charcoal can be obtained together with the carbide of the agricultural product material.
[0034]
According to the carbonization method of the invention according to claim 4, it is possible to obtain a bamboo shoot carbide rich in minerals.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an earthen kiln, showing an example of a configuration of a combustion kiln used to carry out the method for carbonizing agricultural products according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the earthen kiln shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view showing an example of the configuration of a fire-resistant container used in the method for carbonizing agricultural products according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view showing another example of the configuration of the refractory container.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 10 clay kiln 12 carbonization chamber 14 kiln opening 16 flue 18 combustion chamber 20 barrier 22 opening 24 fuel supply port 26 air hole 28 bottom plate 30 kiln bottom 32 refining opening 34 air supply opening 36 air passage 38, 44 fireproof container 40 Lid 42 Small hole 46 Agricultural material

Claims (4)

Agricultural material that is to be carbonized inside a refractory container that is at least partially formed in a mesh shape or at least partially formed of a plate material having a large number of small holes and that can be closed. After closing the refractory container, and disposing the refractory container inside the combustion kiln, in a state where the combustion kiln is closed, air is supplied into the combustion kiln, and the supply amount is adjusted. A method for carbonizing agricultural materials, which comprises carbonizing agricultural materials in a combustion kiln while feeding. Using an earthen kiln as the combustion kiln, inside the earthen kiln, place a carbonized material together with the refractory container containing the agricultural material, close the earthen kiln after igniting the carbonized material, and mix the agricultural material with the carbonized material. The method for carbonizing an agricultural product material according to claim 1, wherein the carbonizing is performed. The method for carbonizing agricultural products according to claim 2, wherein the carbonized material is bamboo, and the bamboo is carbonized to produce bamboo charcoal. The method for carbonizing agricultural materials according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the agricultural materials are bamboo shoots.

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