JP2004033869A - Apparatus for deodorizing and drying digested residue and method using the same - Google Patents

Apparatus for deodorizing and drying digested residue and method using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004033869A
JP2004033869A JP2002192822A JP2002192822A JP2004033869A JP 2004033869 A JP2004033869 A JP 2004033869A JP 2002192822 A JP2002192822 A JP 2002192822A JP 2002192822 A JP2002192822 A JP 2002192822A JP 2004033869 A JP2004033869 A JP 2004033869A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
evaporator
steam
jacket surrounding
drying
pipe
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JP2002192822A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kikuo Kobayashi
小林 喜久男
Makoto Nishiwaki
西脇 誠
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Ebara Jitsugyo Co Ltd
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Ebara Jitsugyo Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002192822A priority Critical patent/JP2004033869A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/04Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
    • B62D5/0457Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
    • B62D5/046Controlling the motor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/22Current control, e.g. using a current control loop

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for achieving the elimination or conservation of energy by utilizing excess steam in a process for drying digested residue of methane fermentation, and a method using the same. <P>SOLUTION: In a method for drying the digested residue by heating which is formed when organic waste is subjected to methane fermentation by sending steam into the jacket surrounding an evaporation vessel, the exhaust pipe from the evaporation vessel capable of being set to a hermetically closed state is allowed to meet with the pipe sending steam into the jacket surrounding the evaporation vessel through an ejector and steam is sent to a liquid phase deodorizing apparatus to deodorize digested residue. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は主に有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵させる時に生成される消化残物を乾燥させる装置および方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
メタン発酵は、有機物の分解処理技術の一技術分野である。メタン発酵は、嫌気状態で有機物を嫌気性細菌の作用でメタンや炭酸ガスに還元分解する技術であり、食品や畜産廃棄物等の有機廃棄物の処理方法として長い歴史を有している。この処理法は、好気性処理に比べ、所要の動力が少なく、回収したメタンガスを燃料として利用できるほか、余剰汚泥発生率が少ないことが特徴である。
【0003】
反面、メタン発酵は、処理に時間がかかること、COD除去率も70〜80%と低いこと、硫化水素やアンモニア等の臭気を発すること、運転が不安定である等の問題点もある。
【0004】
前述のように、メタン発酵は回収したメタンガスを燃料として利用できるので、回収したメタンガスを有効利用する特許は多い。例えば、特開平8−1198等は発生したメタンガスを発酵の熱源として利用することを提唱している。また、特開平昭58−193794は消化残留物の乾燥中に生じた蒸気を乾燥のためのエネルギーとして再利用することも提案している。
【0005】
また、消化残留物を乾燥してコンポストにする技術に関しては、特公昭55−5996、特開平10−118607で、フラッシュ蒸発してからコンポストにする技術に関しては、特開昭54−124555、特開昭58−139794、特開昭58−177200、特開2001−300481等で提案されている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
メタン発酵の技術で消化残留物を乾燥させる技術に関しては、消化残留物の乾燥の省エネルギー化や有効利用に関する特許は多いが、積極的に脱臭を行う技術提案はなかった。
よって、本発明は、メタン発酵技術の欠点である臭気を脱臭する技術を提案するものである。
【0007】
【発明が解決するための手段】
請求項1は有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵させる時に生成される消化残物を蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気を送入して加温して乾燥させる方法において、密閉状態にできる蒸発釜からの排気管を該蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気をおくる管にエダクターを介して合流させた消化残物の無臭乾燥装置である。
【0008】
メタン発酵装置においては、消化残留物の乾燥時の臭気がもっとも強いが、臭気の原因物質の主成分は硫化水素やアンモニア等のガスである。本装置は臭気原因物質を蒸気とともに蒸発釜から除去し、加温に用いられる蒸気とエゼクターにより混合し、臭気原因物質を蒸気内に再溶解させことで脱臭を行う。
【0009】
請求項2は、請求項1のうち、該蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケット内で凝結した臭気物質含有水を液相脱臭処置に送り脱臭する消化残物の無臭乾燥装置である。
【0010】
この場合、液相脱臭装置とは、電気分解式処理装置、活性汚泥式処理装置、担持体に生物膜を形成した処理装置、腐植土を用いた処理装置、次亜塩素等を添加する化学的処理装置、オゾンによる処理装置、オゾンと紫外線を用いた処理装置、過酸化水素と紫外線を用いた処理装置、過酸化水素とオゾンを用いた処理装置、オゾンと酸化金属等の触媒を用いた処理装置、次亜塩素と酸化金属等の触媒を用いた処理装置、フタロシアニン等の触媒を用いた処理装置等いずれでもよく、かつ一種類の処理方法や複数を組み合わせた処理装置でもよい。さらに、これ等以外の装置であっても、硫化水素やアンモニア等の臭気物質を無臭物質に変換できる処理装置であればよい。
【0011】
請求項3は、有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵させる時に生成される消化残物を蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気を送入して加温して乾燥させる方法において、密閉状態にできる蒸発釜からの排気管を該蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気をおくる管にエダクターを介して合流させ有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵させる時に生成される消化残物を蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気を送入して加温して乾燥させる方法において、密閉状態にできる蒸発釜からの排気管を該蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気をおくる管にエダクターを介して合流させ、該蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケット内で凝結した臭気物質含有水を液相脱臭処置に送り脱臭する消化残物の無臭乾燥装方法である。
【0012】
この場合、液相脱臭装置とは、電気分解式処理装置、活性汚泥式処理装置、担持体に生物膜を形成した処理装置、腐植土を用いた処理装置、次亜塩素等を添加する化学的処理装置、オゾンによる処理装置、オゾンと紫外線を用いた処理装置、過酸化水素と紫外線を用いた処理装置、過酸化水素とオゾンを用いた処理装置、オゾンと酸化金属等の触媒を用いた処理装置、次亜塩素と酸化金属等の触媒を用いた処理装置、フタロシアニン等の触媒を用いた処理装置等いずれの方法でもよく、かつ一種類の処理方法や複数を組み合わせた処理方法でもよい。さらに、これ等以外の方法であっても、硫化水素やアンモニア等の臭気物質を無臭物質に変換できる処理方法であればよい。
【0013】
本発明は、消化残留物を蒸気により、加熱乾燥させる場合に、蒸気とともに発生する臭気を加熱にために使用する蒸気に混入させ、蒸気が凝結後ドレインとともに臭気原因物質を処理する装置または方法に関するものである。
【0014】
【発明の実施例】
次に本発明を実施例に基づき説明をするが、本発明の実施様態はこれに限定されない。
【0015】実施様態1
図1に本発明の実施様態の1例をしめした。1は消化残留物流入管、6は蒸発釜であり図示されていないメタン発酵槽より、加温槽17および連通管16を経由して送られる消化残留物はここに収容され、蒸発釜6を取り囲むように設置されたジャケット11に供給される蒸気の顕熱および潜熱により加温される。なお、蒸発釜6で乾燥した消化残留物は図示さてていない回収扉より回収される。蒸発釜6は蒸気および臭気が漏れないよう密閉状態を保てるように設計されている。ジャケット11への蒸気はボイラー8によって生成されたもので、ボイラー8の燃料は既存の燃料であっても、メタン発酵によって得られたものでもよい。なお、管9はボイラーに水を供給するための管である。該蒸気は連通管3、エジェクター2、連通管管7、三方弁19を経由してジャケット11に供給される。ジャケット11に供給された蒸気は熱を奪われジャケット11内で凝結しドレインとなり、ドレイン排出弁12より排出される。
【0016】
17は消化残留物が蒸発釜に送られる前に加温する槽であり、加温槽16を取り囲むように設置されたジャケット18に供給される蒸気の顕熱および潜熱により加温される。蒸気量は三方弁19により調節される。ジャケット18に供給された蒸気は熱を奪われジャケット18内で凝結しドレインとなり、ドレイン排出弁20より排出される。
なお、加温槽17、ジャケット18、ドレイン排出弁20等により構成される加温部分は必要に応じて省略してもよく、この場合、三方弁19も不要である。
【0017】
一方、蒸発釜6にて生成した蒸気および臭気はバルブ5、管4およびエジェクター2を介して、ボイラー8により生成された蒸気と混合され、ジャケット11に送られる。バルブ5は、蒸発釜の蒸気圧が低いときは閉じていてもよい。10は消化残留物蒸発装置全体を示す。
【0018】
ジャケット11または18内に凝結したドレインには悪臭原因物質が溶解し、ドレイン排出弁12または20を通じて、電気分解槽13に供給される。電気分解槽では硫化水素やアンモニアは酸化され、硫酸や硝酸になり無臭化される。この槽で十分分解されなかった有機物は活性汚泥槽14で分解される。15は処理水の放流管である。
【0019】
本装置を用いて、魚および野菜屑のメタン醗酵を行ったところ、蒸発釜での臭気濃度は1,000万程度、凝結水の臭気濃度は55万程度であったが、水処理後の水面上の臭気濃度は10以下であった。
【0020】
本発明は、余剰蒸気を凝縮するにあたって、蒸発釜や加温槽の加熱にエネルギーを利用するためエネルギーの節約となり、通常の乾燥装置と比較して、エネルギーが約50%節約できる付加効果も期待できる。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
以上、本発明を利用すると、異臭を出すことなく有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵させる時に生成される消化残物を乾燥させることができる。また、脱臭に関しては活性炭や消臭剤等を使用しないので産業廃棄物を減容化できる。さらに、本発明では、余剰蒸気を凝縮するにあたって、蒸発釜や加温槽の加熱にエネルギーを利用するためエネルギーの節約となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施様態
【符号の説明】
1:消化残留物流入管
2:エジェクター
3:連通管
6:蒸発釜
8:蒸気はボイラー
9:管
11:ジャケット
12:ドレイン排出弁
13:電気分解槽
14:有機物は活性汚泥槽
15:処理水の放流管である。
17:加温槽
18:ジャケット
19:三方弁
20:ドレイン排出弁
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly relates to an apparatus and a method for drying digestion residues generated when methane fermenting organic waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Methane fermentation is one technical field of organic matter decomposition processing technology. Methane fermentation is a technology for reducing and decomposing organic matter into methane and carbon dioxide by the action of anaerobic bacteria in an anaerobic state, and has a long history as a method for treating organic waste such as food and livestock waste. This treatment method is characterized by requiring less power, using recovered methane gas as fuel, and reducing excess sludge generation rate as compared with aerobic treatment.
[0003]
On the other hand, methane fermentation has problems such as long processing time, a low COD removal rate of 70 to 80%, emission of odors such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, and unstable operation.
[0004]
As described above, since methane fermentation can use recovered methane gas as fuel, there are many patents that effectively use the recovered methane gas. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-19898 and the like have proposed using generated methane gas as a heat source for fermentation. JP-A-58-193794 also proposes that the steam generated during the drying of the digestion residue be reused as drying energy.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-5996 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. HEI 10-118607 disclose the technology for drying digestion residue to produce compost. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 58-139794, 58-177200, and 2001-300481.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Regarding the technology for drying digestion residue by methane fermentation technology, there are many patents relating to energy saving and effective use of drying digestion residue, but there was no technical proposal to actively deodorize.
Therefore, the present invention proposes a technique for deodorizing odor, which is a drawback of the methane fermentation technique.
[0007]
Means for Solving the Invention
The method of claim 1, wherein the digestion residue generated when the organic waste is subjected to methane fermentation is heated and dried by feeding steam into a jacket surrounding the evaporator and drying the evaporator from the evaporator. This is an odorless drying apparatus for digestion residue in which a pipe is joined via an eductor to a pipe for sending steam to a jacket surrounding the evaporator.
[0008]
In the methane fermentation apparatus, the odor at the time of drying the digestion residue is the strongest, but the main components of the odor-causing substance are gases such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. This device removes the odor-causing substance from the evaporator together with the steam, mixes the odor-causing substance with the steam used for heating by an ejector, and re-dissolves the odor-causing substance in the steam to perform deodorization.
[0009]
A second aspect of the present invention is an odorless drying apparatus for digestion residue, in which the odorant-containing water condensed in the jacket surrounding the evaporator in the first aspect is sent to a liquid phase deodorizing treatment for deodorization.
[0010]
In this case, the liquid phase deodorizing apparatus is an electrolytic processing apparatus, an activated sludge processing apparatus, a processing apparatus in which a biofilm is formed on a carrier, a processing apparatus using humus, and a chemical processing in which hypochlorite is added. Processing equipment, processing equipment using ozone, processing equipment using ozone and ultraviolet rays, processing equipment using hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet rays, processing equipment using hydrogen peroxide and ozone, processing using catalysts such as ozone and metal oxide An apparatus, a processing apparatus using a catalyst such as hypochlorite and a metal oxide, a processing apparatus using a catalyst such as phthalocyanine, and the like may be used, and a single processing method or a processing apparatus combining a plurality of processing methods may be used. Further, any other apparatus may be used as long as it can convert odorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia into odorless substances.
[0011]
Claim 3 is a method for drying the digested residue produced when methane fermenting organic waste is carried out by feeding steam to a jacket surrounding the evaporator to heat and heat the digestion residue. An exhaust pipe is joined via an eductor to a pipe for sending steam to a jacket surrounding the evaporator, and the digestion residue generated when methane fermenting the organic waste is fed to the jacket surrounding the evaporator by feeding steam. In the method of drying by heating, an odor substance condensed in a jacket surrounding the evaporator via an eductor with an exhaust pipe from the evaporator capable of being sealed to a pipe for sending steam to a jacket surrounding the evaporator. This is an odorless drying method for digestion residue that sends contained water to liquid phase deodorization treatment and deodorizes it.
[0012]
In this case, the liquid phase deodorizing apparatus is an electrolytic processing apparatus, an activated sludge processing apparatus, a processing apparatus in which a biofilm is formed on a carrier, a processing apparatus using humus, and a chemical processing in which hypochlorite is added. Processing equipment, processing equipment using ozone, processing equipment using ozone and ultraviolet rays, processing equipment using hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet rays, processing equipment using hydrogen peroxide and ozone, processing using catalysts such as ozone and metal oxide An apparatus, a processing apparatus using a catalyst such as hypochlorite and metal oxide, a processing apparatus using a catalyst such as phthalocyanine, or any other method may be used, and a single processing method or a processing method combining a plurality of methods may be used. Further, any other method may be used as long as it can convert odorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia into odorless substances.
[0013]
The present invention relates to an apparatus or a method for mixing an odor generated with steam into steam used for heating when a digestion residue is heated and dried by steam, and the steam is used to treat an odor-causing substance together with a drain after condensation. Things.
[0014]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Next, the present invention will be described based on examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a digestion residue inflow pipe, 6 is an evaporator, and digestion residues sent from a methane fermentation tank (not shown) via a heating tank 17 and a communication pipe 16 are stored here and surround the evaporator 6. Is heated by the sensible heat and latent heat of the steam supplied to the jacket 11 installed as described above. The digestion residue dried in the evaporator 6 is recovered from a recovery door (not shown). The evaporator 6 is designed to maintain a sealed state so that steam and odor do not leak. The steam to the jacket 11 is generated by the boiler 8, and the fuel of the boiler 8 may be an existing fuel or may be obtained by methane fermentation. The pipe 9 is a pipe for supplying water to the boiler. The steam is supplied to the jacket 11 via the communication pipe 3, the ejector 2, the communication pipe 7, and the three-way valve 19. The steam supplied to the jacket 11 is deprived of heat and condenses in the jacket 11 to become a drain, and is discharged from the drain discharge valve 12.
[0016]
A tank 17 is heated before the digestion residue is sent to the evaporator, and is heated by the sensible heat and latent heat of the steam supplied to the jacket 18 provided so as to surround the heating tank 16. The amount of steam is regulated by a three-way valve 19. The steam supplied to the jacket 18 is deprived of heat and condenses in the jacket 18 to become a drain, and is discharged from a drain discharge valve 20.
In addition, the heating portion constituted by the heating tank 17, the jacket 18, the drain discharge valve 20, and the like may be omitted as necessary. In this case, the three-way valve 19 is not required.
[0017]
On the other hand, the steam and odor generated in the evaporator 6 are mixed with the steam generated by the boiler 8 via the valve 5, the pipe 4 and the ejector 2, and sent to the jacket 11. The valve 5 may be closed when the vapor pressure of the evaporator is low. Reference numeral 10 denotes the whole digestion residue evaporator.
[0018]
The odor-causing substance is dissolved in the drain condensed in the jacket 11 or 18 and supplied to the electrolysis tank 13 through the drain discharge valve 12 or 20. In the electrolysis tank, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia are oxidized and turned into sulfuric acid and nitric acid and deodorized. Organic matter that has not been sufficiently decomposed in this tank is decomposed in the activated sludge tank 14. Reference numeral 15 denotes a treated water discharge pipe.
[0019]
When methane fermentation of fish and vegetable waste was performed using this apparatus, the odor concentration in the evaporator was about 10 million and the odor concentration of the condensed water was about 550,000. The upper odor concentration was 10 or less.
[0020]
According to the present invention, when condensing surplus steam, energy is used for heating the evaporator and the heating tank, which saves energy, and is expected to have an additional effect of saving about 50% of energy as compared with a normal drying apparatus. it can.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, by utilizing the present invention, it is possible to dry digestion residues generated when methane fermenting organic waste without producing an offensive odor. In addition, since activated carbon and deodorants are not used for deodorization, the volume of industrial waste can be reduced. Further, in the present invention, when condensing the surplus steam, energy is used for heating the evaporator and the heating tank, thereby saving energy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
1: digestion residue inflow pipe 2: ejector 3: communication pipe 6: evaporator 8: steam boiler 9: pipe 11: jacket 12: drain discharge valve 13: electrolysis tank 14: organic matter is activated sludge tank 15: treated water It is a discharge pipe.
17: heating tank 18: jacket 19: three-way valve 20: drain discharge valve

Claims (3)

有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵させる時に生成される消化残物を蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気を送入して加温して乾燥させる方法において、密閉状態にできる蒸発釜からの排気管を該蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気をおくる管にエダクターを介して合流させた消化残物の無臭乾燥装置。In a method of feeding steam to a jacket surrounding an evaporator to heat and dry digestion residue generated when methane fermenting organic waste, the exhaust pipe from the evaporator that can be sealed is evaporated. An odorless drying device for digestion residue that has been combined via an eductor with a pipe that sends steam to a jacket surrounding the kettle. 請求項1のうち、該蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケット内で凝結した臭気物質含有水を液相脱臭処置に送り脱臭する消化残物の無臭乾燥装置。2. An odorless drying apparatus for digestion residue according to claim 1, wherein odorant-containing water condensed in a jacket surrounding said evaporator is sent to a liquid phase deodorizing treatment for deodorization. 有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵させる時に生成される消化残物を蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気を送入して加温して乾燥させる方法において、密閉状態にできる蒸発釜からの排気管を該蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気をおくる管にエダクターを介して合流させ有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵させる時に生成される消化残物を蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気を送入して加温して乾燥させる方法において、密閉状態にできる蒸発釜からの排気管を該蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケットに蒸気をおくる管にエダクターを介して合流させ、該蒸発釜を取り囲むジャケット内で凝結した臭気物質含有水を液相脱臭処置に送り脱臭する消化残物の無臭乾燥装方法。In a method of feeding steam to a jacket surrounding an evaporator to heat and dry digestion residue generated when methane fermenting organic waste, the exhaust pipe from the evaporator that can be sealed is evaporated. Combine via a eductor to a pipe that sends steam to the jacket surrounding the kettle and feed the digestion residue generated when methane fermenting organic waste into the jacket surrounding the evaporator and heat and dry it. In the method, an exhaust pipe from the evaporator that can be sealed is joined via an eductor to a pipe that sends steam to a jacket surrounding the evaporator, and the odorant-containing water condensed in the jacket surrounding the evaporator is converted to a liquid phase. An odorless drying method for digestion residue that is sent to deodorization treatment and deodorized.
JP2002192822A 2002-07-02 2002-07-02 Apparatus for deodorizing and drying digested residue and method using the same Pending JP2004033869A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016508876A (en) * 2013-03-06 2016-03-24 カンビ テクノロジー エーエスCambi Technology As Method and apparatus for thermal biodegradation and dehydration of biomass

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016508876A (en) * 2013-03-06 2016-03-24 カンビ テクノロジー エーエスCambi Technology As Method and apparatus for thermal biodegradation and dehydration of biomass

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