JP2004028440A

JP2004028440A - Air conditioner

Info

Publication number: JP2004028440A
Application number: JP2002185174A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Masabumi Terawaki; 寺脇　正文
Original assignee: Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-06-25
Filing date: 2002-06-25
Publication date: 2004-01-29

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically switch between cooling and heating based on a moving average temperature. <P>SOLUTION: This air conditioner comprises a heat source control device 7 for controlling a heat source apparatus 8, an air conditioning control device 9 for controlling an air conditioning apparatus 10, and a schedule control device 11 for controlling an apparatus 12. The heat source control device 7, the air conditioning control device 9, and the schedule control device 11 have calculating devices 7a, 9a, and 11a of 20-day moving average temperature for determining a 20-day moving average temperature To based on an outside temperature signal T detected by an outside temperature sensor 13, season determining devices 7b, 9b, and 11b for determining a season based on the 20-day moving average temperature To from the calculating devices 7a, 9a, and 11a, and a heat source apparatus control device 7c, an air conditioning apparatus control device 9c, and a schedule control device 11c for determining predetermined command signals Vh, Vt, and Vm based on a season command Ts from the season determining devices 7b, 9b, and 11b and providing them to the heat source apparatus 8, the air conditioning apparatus 10, and the apparatus 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は空調設備に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ビル、工場等の建築施設においては、熱源機器、空調機器、その他の関連機器を有する空調設備を備えており、空調設備は季節に対応して適切に冷房、暖房、停止に切替え運転する必要がある。而して、斯かる切替え運転を行うための従来の空調設備の一例としては例えば図４に示すものがある。
【０００３】
図４中、１は上位コントローラ２に接続された上位ネットワーク、３は上位ネットワーク１に接続された中位ネットワーク、４，５，６は中位ネットワーク３に並列接続された下位ネットワークである。
【０００４】
７は下位ネットワーク４に接続された熱源制御装置、８は下位ネットワーク４において熱源制御装置７の下流に接続された熱源機器、９は下位ネットワーク５に接続された空調制御装置、１０は下位ネットワーク５において空調制御装置９の下流に接続された空調機器、１１は下位ネットワーク６に接続されたスケジュール制御装置、１２は下位ネットワーク６においてスケジュール制御装置１１の下流に接続された空調と関連する機器である。
【０００５】
上記空調設備の熱源機器８、空調機器１０、機器１２を冷暖房時に切替える場合には、以下に述べるようにして切替えが行われる。すなわち、年間の季節の変わり目の月日に対応して予め上位コントローラ２に設定されている冷房／暖房切替え指令Ｖ１、或は切替え時に運転員が設定した冷房／暖房切替え指令Ｖ１は、上位コントローラ２から出力され、中位ネットワーク３及び下位ネットワーク４，５，６を経て熱源制御装置７，空調制御装置９，スケジュール制御装置１１に夫々与えられる。スケジュール制御装置１１は、例えば各室内に設けられたタイマ等の制御端末である。
【０００６】
熱源制御装置７では、冷房／暖房切替え指令Ｖ１に基いて、建物全体の熱源機器８である温水循環系統のバルブの開閉指令或は冷水循環系統のバルブの開閉指令が求められ、指令信号Ｖｈとして熱源機器８に与えられる。而して、熱源機器８では、例えば、冬季から春季に移行する場合のように、暖房から冷房・暖房停止に切替える場合には、冷水循環系統のバルブは閉止させたまま温水循環系統のバルブが閉止される。
【０００７】
春季から夏季に移行する場合のように、冷房・暖房停止から冷房に切替える場合には、温水循環系統のバルブは閉止させたまま冷水循環系統のバルブが開かれる。又、夏季から秋季に移行する場合のように、冷房から冷房・暖房停止に切替える場合には、温水循環系統のバルブは閉止させたまま冷水循環系のバルブが閉止される。更に、秋季から冬季に移行する場合のように、冷房・暖房停止から暖房に切替える場合には、冷水循環系統のバルブは閉止させたまま温水循環系統のバルブが開かれる。
【０００８】
空調制御装置９では冷房／暖房切替え指令Ｖ１に基いて、空調機器１０の室内設定温度指令が求められ、指令信号Ｖｔとして空調機器１０に与えられる。而して、空調機器１０では、例えばダクトや温風或は冷風の吹出し口に設けてあるダンパの開度が調整される。
【０００９】
スケジュール制御装置１１では、冷房／暖房切替え指令Ｖ１に基いて、各室内が所定の温度に保持されるためのヒータ、エアコン等の運転時間指令が求められ、指令信号Ｖｍとして機器１２に与えられ、季節に対応して室内が所定の温度に保持されるようヒータ、エアコン等の運転時間が調整される。
【００１０】
なお、季節の変わり目の月日とは、例えば、冬季から春季に移行したものとして暖房運転から冷房・暖房停止に切替えるのは４月１日、春季から夏季に移行したものとして冷房・暖房停止から冷房運転に切替えるのは６月１日、夏季から秋季に移行したものとして冷房運転から冷房・暖房停止に切替えるのは１０月１日、秋季から冬季に移行したものとして冷房・暖房停止から暖房運転に切替えるのは１２月１日である。
【００１１】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
１日の平均の外気温度は、例えば図５の温度曲線イに示すように、同じ季節でも月日によってかなり大きく変動する。このため、冷房／暖房切替え指令Ｖ１によって冷暖房の切替えを行った場合、切替えた後に再び外気温度が低下したり、上昇したりして外気温度上、季節が前の季節に変動したようになることがある。すなわち、例えば４月１日を過ぎて暖房を停止しているにも拘らず、外気温度が暖房の必要な温度まで下降したり、１２月１日を過ぎて暖房を行っているにも拘らず、外気温度が暖房の不要な温度まで上昇したりすることがある。
【００１２】
しかしながら、上述のように冷房／暖房切替え指令Ｖ１により冷暖房の切替えを行う場合には、切替え後に自動的に冷暖房を外気温度の変動に対応させることは困難で、運転員が切替えの操作を再度行う必要がある。このため、短期間での外気温度の昇降が頻繁な場合には、切替え作業が煩雑であり、又、外気温度に対応する切替えを行わない場合には、建物の使用者に体調不良等の不快感を与えたりする虞がある。なお、図５の温度曲線イは一日の毎正時の外気温度を平均化して１年間プロットした温度曲線である。
【００１３】
【発明がなされるに至った経過】
発明者は、外気温度を移動平均温度として、５日移動平均温度、１０日移動平均温度、・・・２０日移動平均温度を取り、調べてみた。その結果、移動平均温度を求める間隔が長くなると温度曲線は徐々に凹凸が少なく滑らかに変化する曲線となり、２０日移動平均温度の場合は、図３の温度曲線ロに示すように凹凸のない滑らかな曲線となることが判明した。すなわち、外気の２０日移動平均温度により季節の変動周期を知ることができることが判明した。
【００１４】
従って、この２０日移動平均温度の温度曲線ロを基に、暖房から冷房・暖房停止に切替える際の外気温度をＴ１とし、冷房・暖房停止から冷房に切替える際の外気温度をＴ２とし、冷房から冷房・暖房停止に切替える際の外気温度をＴ３とし、冷房・暖房停止から暖房に切替える際の外気温度をＴ４とした場合、これらの外気温度Ｔ１，Ｔ２，Ｔ３，Ｔ４を基準として冷暖房の切替えを自動的に行うようにすれば、切替え後に再度冷暖房切替え前の季節の状態が生ずる頻度は極く少なく、例え、切替え後に季節が２０日移動平均温度上、切替え前の季節に戻った場合にも、自動的に切替え前の季節の状態に対応させて冷暖房の切替えを行うことが可能となる。
【００１５】
その結果、運転員が切替え操作を行わなくても自動的に基準の外気温度Ｔ１，Ｔ２，Ｔ３，Ｔ４に対応して冷暖房の切替えを行うことができ、建物の使用者に体調不良や不快な思いをさせることがない。なお、２０日移動平均温度は、２０日間に亘る毎正時の外気温度を加算して４８０（２４データ／日×２０日）で除し、平均化したものである。なお、外気温度は、Ｔ２＞Ｔ１、Ｔ３＞Ｔ４である。
【００１６】
本発明は、上述の実情に鑑み、２０日移動平均温度を基に、外気温度を基準として冷暖房の切替えを自動的に行い得るようにした空調設備を提供することを目的としてなしたものである。
【００１７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１の空調設備は、熱源機器及び空調機器並びにこれらに関連する機器のうち少なくとも何れかを制御する制御装置を備え、該制御装置は、外気温度センサにより検出した外気温度を基に所定期間の移動平均温度を求める移動平均温度演算装置と、該移動平均温度演算装置からの移動平均温度と基準となる外気温度の差から季節を判断して季節指令を求める季節判断装置と、該季節判断装置からの季節指令を基に所定の指令信号を求めて所定の機器に与える指令制御装置を備えたものである。
【００１８】
請求項２の空調設備においては、移動平均温度を求める移動平均温度演算装置は２０日移動平均温度を求める２０日移動平均温度演算装置である。
【００１９】
請求項３の空調設備は、熱源機器を制御する熱源制御装置と、空調機器を制御する空調制御装置と、空調と関連する機器を制御するスケジュール制御装置とを備え、前記熱源制御装置、空調制御装置、スケジュール制御装置は、夫々、外気温度センサにより検出した外気温度を基に２０日移動平均温度を求める２０日移動平均温度演算装置と、該２０日移動平均温度演算装置からの２０日移動平均温度と基準となる外気温度の差から季節を判断して季節指令を求める季節判断装置と、該季節判断装置からの季節指令を基に所定の指令信号を求めて熱源機器、空調機器、他の機器に与える熱源機器制御装置、空調機器制御装置、スケジュール制御装置を備えたものである。
【００２０】
本発明によれば、移動平均温度を基に、外気温度を基準として冷暖房の切替えを自動的に行うことができるため、切替え後に再度切替え前の季節の状態が生ずる頻度は極く少なく、例え、切替え後に季節が移動平均温度上、切替え前の季節に戻った場合にも、自動的に切替え前の季節の状態に対応させて冷暖房の切替えを行うことが可能となる。
【００２１】
その結果、運転員が切替え操作を行わなくても自動的に外気温度に対応して冷暖房の切替えを行うことができ、建物の使用者に体調不良や不快な思いをさせることがない。
【００２２】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図示例と共に説明する。
図１及び図２は本発明を実施する形態の一例であって、図中、図４と同一の符号を付した部分は同一のものを表わしており、基本的な構成は図４に示す従来のものと同様である。図中、１３は外気温度センサであり、外気温度センサ１３で検出した外気温度信号Ｔは、中位ネットワーク３から下位ネットワーク４，５，６を経て熱源制御装置７、空調制御装置９，スケジュール制御装置１１に与え得るようになっている。
【００２３】
熱源制御装置７、空調制御装置９、スケジュール制御装置１１の詳細は図２に示されている。すなわち、熱源制御装置７は、毎正時の外気温度信号Ｔを基に１時間前の２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏを修正して新たな２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏを求める２０日移動平均温度演算装置７ａ、２０日移動平均温度演算装置７ａからの２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏを基に季節を判断する季節判断装置７ｂ、季節判断装置７ｂからの季節指令Ｔｓを基に熱源機器８に付与する指令信号Ｖｈを求める熱源機器制御装置７ｃを備えている。
【００２４】
空調制御装置９は、毎正時の外気温度信号Ｔを基に１時間前の２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏを修正して新たな２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏを求める２０日移動平均温度演算装置９ａ、２０日移動平均温度演算装置９ａからの２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏを基に季節を判断する季節判断装置９ｂ、季節判断装置９ｂからの季節指令Ｔｓを基に空調機器１０に付与する指令信号Ｖｔを求める空調機器制御装置９ｃを備えている。
【００２５】
スケジュール制御装置１１は、毎正時の外気温度信号Ｔを基に１時間前の２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏを修正して新たな２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏを求める２０日移動平均温度演算装置１１ａ、２０日移動平均温度演算装置１１ａからの２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏを基に季節を判断する季節判断装置１１ｂ、季節判断装置１１ｂからの季節指令Ｔｓを基に機器１２に付与する指令信号Ｖｍを求めるスケジュール制御装置１１ｃを備えている。
【００２６】
次に、上記図示例の作動を説明する。
外気温度センサ１３により検出された外気温度信号Ｔは中位ネットワーク３から下位ネットワーク４，５，６を経て熱源制御装置７、空調制御装置９、スケジュール制御装置１１に付与される。
【００２７】
熱源制御装置７では、２０日移動平均温度演算装置７ａにおいて外気温度信号Ｔを基として２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏが求められる。すなわち、今回の２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏが求められる前に求められていた１時間前の２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏの４８０個（２４データ／日×２０日）の外気温度信号Ｔのうち、時間的に最先に検出されていた外気温度信号Ｔが除かれ、今回検出した外気温度信号Ｔが加算されて４８０で除され、今回の新たな正時の２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏが求められ、求められた２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏは季節判断装置７ｂに与えられる。
【００２８】
季節判断装置７ｂには、暖房から冷房・暖房停止へ切替える際の外気温度Ｔ１、冷房・暖房停止から冷房へ切替える際の外気温度Ｔ２、冷房から冷房・暖房停止へ切替える際の外気温度Ｔ３、冷房・暖房停止から暖房へ切替える際の外気温度Ｔ４が設定されている。而して、外気温度Ｔ１，Ｔ２，Ｔ３，Ｔ４は毎正時ごとに与えられる２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏと比較し得るようになっている。
【００２９】
すなわち、季節判断装置７ｂでは、毎正時ごとにＴｏ−Ｔ１、Ｔｏ−Ｔ２、Ｔｏ−Ｔ３、Ｔｏ−Ｔ４が演算され、例えば今まではＴｏ−Ｔ１＜０で冬季と判断されて暖房を行っていたのが、今回、Ｔｏ−Ｔ１＞０で且つＴｏ−Ｔ２＜０になった場合は、季節が冬から春へ移行したと判断されて季節判断装置７ｂからは季節指令Ｔｓが熱源機器制御装置７ｃに与えられる。而して、熱源機器制御装置７ｃからは、暖房から冷房・暖房停止に切替えるための指令信号Ｖｈが出力されて熱源機器８に与えられ、熱源機器８では、冷水循環系統のバルブは閉止されたまま温水循環系統のバルブが閉止される。
【００３０】
今まではＴｏ−Ｔ１＞０、且つＴｏ−Ｔ２＜０で春季と判断されて冷房・暖房停止であったのが、今回Ｔｏ−Ｔ２＞０となった場合は、季節が春から夏へ移行したと判断されて季節判断装置７ｂからは季節指令Ｔｓが熱源機器制御装置７ｃに与えられる。而して、熱源機器制御装置７ｃからは、冷房・暖房停止から冷房に切替えるための指令信号Ｖｈが出力されて熱源機器８に与えられ、熱源機器８では温水循環系統のバルブは閉止されたまま冷水循環系統のバルブが開かれる。
【００３１】
今まではＴｏ−Ｔ２＞０で夏季と判断されて冷房を行っていたのが、今回Ｔｏ−Ｔ３＜０で且つＴｏ−Ｔ４＞０となった場合は、季節が夏から秋に移行したと判断されて季節判断装置７ｂからは季節指令Ｔｓが熱源機器制御装置７ｃに与えられる。而して、熱源機器制御装置７ｃからは、冷房から冷房・暖房停止に切替えるための指令信号Ｖｈが出力されて熱源機器８に与えられ、熱源機器８では、温水循環系統のバルブは閉止されたまま冷水循環系統のバルブが閉止される。
【００３２】
今まではＴｏ−Ｔ３＜０、且つＴｏ−Ｔ４＞０で秋季と判断されて冷房・暖房停止であったのが、今回Ｔｏ−Ｔ４＜０となった場合は、季節が秋から冬に移行したと判断されて季節判断装置７ｂからは季節指令Ｔｓが熱源機器制御装置７ｃに与えられる。而して、熱源機器制御装置７ｃからは、冷房・暖房停止から暖房に切替えるための指令信号Ｖｈが出力されて熱源機器８に与えられ、熱源機器８では冷水循環系統のバルブは閉止されたまま温水循環系統のバルブが開かれる。
【００３３】
空調制御装置９では、２０日移動平均温度演算装置９ａにおいて外気温度信号Ｔを基として２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏが、２０日移動平均温度演算装置７ａにおいて求められたと同様にして求められ、求められた２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏは季節判断装置９ｂに与えられる。
【００３４】
季節判断装置９ｂには、暖房から冷房・暖房停止へ切替える際の外気温度Ｔ１、冷房・暖房停止から冷房へ切替える際の外気温度Ｔ２、冷房から冷房・暖房停止に切替える際の外気温度Ｔ３、冷房・暖房停止から暖房へ切替える際の外気温度Ｔ４が設定されている。而して、外気温度Ｔ１，Ｔ２，Ｔ３，Ｔ４は毎正時ごとに与えられる２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏと比較し得るようになっている。
【００３５】
而して、季節判断装置９ｂでは、毎正時の演算結果が今まではＴｏ−Ｔ１＜０であったのが、今回Ｔｏ−Ｔ１＞０で且つＴｏ−Ｔ２＜０となった場合は、季節が冬から春に移行したと判断され、今まではＴｏ−Ｔ１＞０、且つＴｏ−Ｔ２＜０であったのが、今回Ｔｏ−Ｔ２＞０となった場合は、季節が春から夏に移行したと判断され、今までＴｏ−Ｔ２＞０であったのが、今回Ｔｏ−Ｔ３＜０で且つＴｏ−Ｔ４＞０となった場合は、季節が夏から秋に移行したと判断され、今まではＴｏ−Ｔ３＜０、且つＴｏ−Ｔ４＞０であったのが、Ｔｏ−Ｔ４＜０となった場合は、季節が秋から冬に移行した判断され、夫々の判断に対応した季節指令Ｔｓが空調機器制御装置９ｃに与えられる。
【００３６】
又、空調機器制御装置９ｃでは、季節指令Ｔｓに対応して空調機器１０の室内設定温度指令が求められ、指令信号Ｖｔとして空調機器１０に与えられ、空調機器１０では指令信号Ｖｔに対応して、ダクトや温風或は冷風の吹出し口に設けてあるダンパの開度が調整される。
【００３７】
スケジュール制御装置１１では、２０日移動平均温度演算装置１１ａにおいて外気温度信号Ｔを基として２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏが、２０日移動平均温度演算装置７ａ，９ａにおいて求められたと同様にして求められ、求められた２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏは季節判断装置１１ｂに与えられる。
【００３８】
季節判断装置１１ｂには、暖房から冷房・暖房停止へ切替える際の外気温度Ｔ１、冷房・暖房停止から冷房へ切替える際の外気温度Ｔ２、冷房から冷房・暖房停止に切替える際の外気温度Ｔ３、冷房・暖房停止から暖房へ切替える際の外気温度Ｔ４が設定されている。而して、外気温度Ｔ１，Ｔ２，Ｔ３，Ｔ４は毎正時ごとに与えられる２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏと比較し得るようになっている。
【００３９】
而して、季節判断装置１１ｂでは、毎正時の演算結果が今まではＴｏ−Ｔ１＜０であったのが、今回Ｔｏ−Ｔ１＞０で且つＴｏ−Ｔ２＜０となった場合は、季節が冬から春に移行したと判断され、今まではＴｏ−Ｔ１＞０で且つＴｏ−Ｔ２＜０であったのが今回Ｔｏ−Ｔ２＞０となった場合は、季節が春から夏に移行したと判断され、今まではＴｏ−Ｔ２＞０であったのが、今回Ｔｏ−Ｔ３＜０で且つＴｏ−Ｔ４＞０となった場合は、季節が夏から秋に移行したと判断され、今まではＴｏ−Ｔ３＜０で且つＴｏ−Ｔ４＞０であったのが、今回Ｔｏ−Ｔ４＜０となった場合は、季節が秋から冬に移行した判断され、夫々の判断に対応した季節指令Ｔｓがスケジュール制御装置１１ｃに与えられる。
【００４０】
スケジュール制御装置１１ｃでは、季節指令Ｔｓに基いて、各室内が所定の温度に保持されるためのヒータ、エアコン等の運転時間指令が求められ、指令信号Ｖｍとして機器１２に与えられ、室内が所定の温度に保持されるようヒータ、エアコン等の運転時間が調整される。
【００４１】
上記図示例によれば、２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏを基に、外気温度Ｔ１，Ｔ２，Ｔ３，Ｔ４を基準として冷暖房の切替えを自動的に行うことができるため、切替え後に再度切替え前の季節の状態が生ずる頻度は極く少なく、例え、切替え後に季節が２０日移動平均温度Ｔｏ上、切替え前の季節に戻った場合にも、自動的に切替え前の季節の状態に対応させて冷暖房の切替えを行うことが可能となる。
【００４２】
その結果、運転員が切替え操作を行わなくても自動的に基準の外気温度Ｔ１，Ｔ２，Ｔ３，Ｔ４に対応して冷暖房の切替えを行うことができ、建物の使用者に体調不良や不快な思いをさせることがない。
【００４３】
なお、本発明の図示例では、冷暖房の切替えに２０日移動平均温度を用いる場合について説明したが、５日移動平均温度、１０日移動平均温度、１５日移動平均温度等、所定期間の移動平均温度を用いることが可能なこと、外気温度は冬から春への移行時、春から夏への移行時、夏から秋への移行時、秋から冬への移行時で夫々異なる温度を基準とする場合について説明したが、冬から春への移行時及び秋から冬への移行時で同一の温度を基準とし、春から夏への移行時及び夏から秋への移行時で同一の温度を基準とすることもできること、その他、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。
【００４４】
【発明の効果】
以上、説明したように本発明の請求項１〜３に記載の空調設備によれば、下記のごとき種々の優れた効果を奏し得る。
Ｉ）所定期間の移動平均温度を基に、外気温度を基準として冷暖房の切替えを自動的に行うことができるため、切替え後に再度切替え前の季節の状態が生ずる頻度は極く少なく、例え、切替え後に季節が移動平均温度上、切替え前の季節に戻った場合にも、自動的に切替え前の季節の状態に対応させて冷暖房の切替えを行うことが可能となる。
ＩＩ）その結果、運転員が切替え操作を行わなくても自動的に基準の外気温度に対応して冷暖房の切替えを行うことができ、建物の使用者に体調不良や不快な思いをさせることがない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の空調設備の実施の形態の一例の全体ブロック図である。
【図２】図１に示す熱源制御装置及び空調制御装置並びにスケジュール制御装置の詳細ブロック図である。
【図３】２０日移動平均温度の温度曲線を１年間に亘り示すグラフである。
【図４】従来の空調設備の一例を示す全体ブロック図である。
【図５】毎正時の温度の１日の平均を１年間に亘り示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
７　　熱源制御装置（制御装置）
７ａ　　　　２０日移動平均温度演算装置（移動平均温度演算装置）
７ｂ　　　　　　　　季節判断装置
７ｃ　　　　　　　　熱源機器制御装置（指令制御装置）
８　　熱源機器（機器）
９　　空調制御装置（制御装置）
９ａ　　　　　　　　２０日移動平均温度演算装置（移動平均温度演算装置）
９ｂ　　　　　　　　季節判断装置
９ｃ　　　　　　　　空調機器制御装置（指令制御装置）
１０　　空調機器（機器）
１１　　スケジュール制御装置（制御装置）
１１ａ　　　　２０日移動平均温度演算装置（移動平均温度演算装置）
１１ｂ　　　　　　　　季節判断装置
１１ｃ　　　　　　　　スケジュール制御装置（指令制御装置）
１２　　機器
１３　　外気温度センサ
Ｔ　　外気温度信号（外気温度）
Ｔ１　　　　外気温度
Ｔ２　　　　　　外気温度
Ｔ３　　　　外気温度
Ｔ４　　　　外気温度
Ｔｏ　　　　　　２０日移動平均温度
Ｔｓ　　　　　　季節指令
Ｖｈ　　　　　　指令信号
Ｖｍ　　　　　　指令信号
Ｖｔ　　　　　　指令信号[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an air conditioner.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Building facilities such as buildings and factories are equipped with air-conditioning equipment that has heat source equipment, air-conditioning equipment, and other related equipment.The air-conditioning equipment must be switched to cooling, heating, and shutdown appropriately according to the season. is there. FIG. 4 shows an example of a conventional air conditioner for performing the switching operation.
[0003]
In FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes an upper network connected to the upper controller 2, 3 denotes a middle network connected to the upper network 1, and 4, 5 and 6 denote lower networks connected in parallel to the middle network 3.
[0004]
Reference numeral 7 denotes a heat source control device connected to the lower network 4, 8 denotes a heat source device connected downstream of the heat source controller 7 in the lower network 4, 9 denotes an air conditioning control device connected to the lower network 5, 10 denotes a lower network 5. , An air conditioning device connected downstream of the air conditioning control device 9, a schedule control device 11 connected to the lower network 6, and an air conditioning device 12 connected downstream of the schedule control device 11 in the lower network 6. .
[0005]
When the heat source device 8, the air conditioner 10, and the device 12 of the air conditioner are switched at the time of cooling or heating, the switching is performed as described below. That is, the cooling / heating switching command V1 previously set in the host controller 2 corresponding to the date of the seasonal change of the year, or the cooling / heating switching command V1 set by the operator at the time of switching, is determined by the host controller 2 And is supplied to the heat source control device 7, the air conditioning control device 9, and the schedule control device 11 via the middle network 3 and the lower networks 4, 5, and 6, respectively. The schedule control device 11 is, for example, a control terminal such as a timer provided in each room.
[0006]
In the heat source control device 7, an opening / closing command of a valve of the hot water circulation system or a valve of the cold water circulation system which is the heat source device 8 of the whole building is obtained based on the cooling / heating switching command V1, and the command signal Vh is obtained. The heat source device 8 is provided. Thus, in the heat source device 8, for example, when switching from heating to cooling / heating stop, such as when shifting from winter to spring, the valve of the hot water circulation system is closed while the valve of the cold water circulation system is closed. Closed.
[0007]
When switching from cooling / heating stop to cooling, as in the case of transition from spring to summer, the valve of the cold water circulation system is opened while the valve of the hot water circulation system is kept closed. Also, when switching from cooling to cooling / heating stop, as in the case of transition from summer to autumn, the valve of the cold water circulation system is closed while the valve of the hot water circulation system is kept closed. Further, when switching from cooling / heating stop to heating as in the case of transition from autumn to winter, the valve of the hot water circulation system is opened while the valve of the cooling water circulation system is closed.
[0008]
The air-conditioning control device 9 obtains an indoor set temperature command of the air conditioner 10 based on the cooling / heating switching command V1, and gives the command to the air conditioner 10 as a command signal Vt. Thus, in the air conditioner 10, the opening degree of the damper provided in the duct or the outlet of hot air or cold air is adjusted.
[0009]
In the schedule control device 11, based on the cooling / heating switching command V1, an operation time command for a heater, an air conditioner, or the like for maintaining each room at a predetermined temperature is obtained, and given to the device 12 as a command signal Vm. The operation time of the heater, the air conditioner, and the like is adjusted so that the room is maintained at a predetermined temperature according to the season.
[0010]
It should be noted that the date of the change of season is, for example, switching from heating operation to cooling / heating stop as a transition from winter to spring is on April 1, and cooling / heating stop as a transition from spring to summer. Switching to cooling operation on June 1, switching from cooling operation to cooling / heating stop assuming transition from summer to autumn October 1, switching from cooling to heating / cooling operation as transition from fall to winter on October 1 It will be switched on December 1st.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The average outside air temperature per day varies considerably depending on the month and day even in the same season as shown in, for example, a temperature curve a in FIG. For this reason, when the cooling / heating is switched by the cooling / heating switching command V1, after the switching, the outside air temperature falls or rises again, and the season of the outside air temperature fluctuates to the previous season. There is. That is, for example, despite the fact that heating has been stopped after April 1st, the outside air temperature has dropped to the temperature required for heating, or that heating has been performed since December 1st. In some cases, the outside air temperature rises to a temperature unnecessary for heating.
[0012]
However, when the cooling / heating is switched by the cooling / heating switching command V1 as described above, it is difficult to automatically make the cooling / heating respond to the fluctuation of the outside air temperature after the switching, and the operator performs the switching operation again. There is a need. For this reason, when the outside air temperature rises and falls in a short period of time is frequent, the switching work is complicated, and when the switching corresponding to the outside air temperature is not performed, the user of the building may be in poor condition such as poor physical condition. There is a risk of giving a pleasant feeling. The temperature curve a in FIG. 5 is a temperature curve obtained by averaging the outside air temperature at every hour of the day and plotting it for one year.
[0013]
[Procedure leading to the invention]
The inventor took a 5-day moving average temperature, a 10-day moving average temperature,. As a result, when the interval for obtaining the moving average temperature becomes longer, the temperature curve becomes a curve that gradually changes with little unevenness, and in the case of the 20-day moving average temperature, as shown in the temperature curve B in FIG. It turned out to be a simple curve. That is, it was found that the seasonal fluctuation cycle can be known from the 20-day moving average temperature of the outside air.
[0014]
Therefore, based on the temperature curve B of the 20-day moving average temperature, the outside air temperature when switching from heating to cooling / heating stop is T1, the outside air temperature when switching from cooling / heating stop to cooling is T2, When the outside air temperature when switching to the cooling / heating stop is T3 and the outside air temperature when switching from the cooling / heating stop to heating is T4, the cooling / heating switching is performed based on these outside air temperatures T1, T2, T3, and T4. If it is performed automatically, the frequency of the season before cooling / heating switching again after switching is very low, even if the season returns to the previous season before switching over the 20-day moving average temperature after switching. In addition, it is possible to automatically switch the cooling and heating in accordance with the state of the season before the switching.
[0015]
As a result, even if the operator does not perform the switching operation, it is possible to automatically switch between the air conditioning and the heating in accordance with the reference outside air temperatures T1, T2, T3, and T4. I do not think. The 20-day moving average temperature is an average obtained by adding the outside air temperature at every hour for 20 days, dividing the sum by 480 (24 data / day × 20 days). The outside air temperature is T2> T1, T3> T4.
[0016]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and has as its object to provide an air-conditioning system capable of automatically performing cooling / heating switching based on the outside air temperature based on a 20-day moving average temperature. .
[0017]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The air conditioning equipment according to claim 1 includes a control device that controls at least one of a heat source device, an air conditioning device, and devices related thereto, and the control device performs a predetermined period based on an outside air temperature detected by an outside air temperature sensor. A moving average temperature calculating device for calculating a moving average temperature of the moving average temperature, a season determining device for determining a season by determining a season from a difference between the moving average temperature from the moving average temperature calculating device and a reference outside air temperature, It is provided with a command control device which obtains a predetermined command signal based on a seasonal command from the device and gives it to predetermined devices.
[0018]
In the air conditioner according to claim 2, the moving average temperature calculating device for calculating the moving average temperature is a 20-day moving average temperature calculating device for calculating the 20-day moving average temperature.
[0019]
The air conditioning equipment according to claim 3, further comprising: a heat source control device that controls a heat source device; an air conditioning control device that controls the air conditioning device; and a schedule control device that controls a device related to air conditioning. The device and the schedule control device are respectively a 20-day moving average temperature calculating device for obtaining a 20-day moving average temperature based on the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor, and a 20-day moving average from the 20-day moving average temperature calculating device. A season judging device for judging a season from a difference between a temperature and a reference outside air temperature to obtain a seasonal command; and a heat source device, an air conditioner, and the like for obtaining a predetermined command signal based on a seasonal command from the season judging device. It is provided with a heat source device control device, an air conditioner device control device, and a schedule control device provided to the device.
[0020]
According to the present invention, based on the moving average temperature, air conditioning can be automatically switched based on the outside air temperature, so the frequency of the season before switching again after switching is extremely low, for example, Even if the season returns to the season before the switching due to the moving average temperature after the switching, it is possible to automatically switch the cooling and heating in accordance with the state of the season before the switching.
[0021]
As a result, it is possible to automatically switch between cooling and heating in accordance with the outside air temperature without the operator performing the switching operation, so that the user of the building does not feel unwell or feel uncomfortable.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of an embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 represent the same components, and the basic configuration is the same as that shown in FIG. It is similar to that of In the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes an outside air temperature sensor, and an outside air temperature signal T detected by the outside air temperature sensor 13 is transmitted from the intermediate network 3 to the heat source control device 7, the air conditioning control device 9, and the schedule control via the lower networks 4, 5, and 6. It can be provided to the device 11.
[0023]
Details of the heat source control device 7, the air conditioning control device 9, and the schedule control device 11 are shown in FIG. That is, the heat source control device 7 corrects the 20-day moving average temperature To one hour ago based on the outside air temperature signal T at every hour to obtain a new 20-day moving average temperature To. 7a, a season judging device 7b for judging the season based on the 20-day moving average temperature To from the 20-day moving average temperature calculating device 7a, and a command signal to be given to the heat source device 8 based on the season command Ts from the season judging device 7b. A heat source device control device 7c for obtaining Vh is provided.
[0024]
The air conditioning control device 9 corrects the 20-day moving average temperature To one hour ago based on the outside air temperature signal T at every hour to obtain a new 20-day moving average temperature To, a 20-day moving average temperature calculating device 9a, A season judging device 9b for judging the season based on the 20-day moving average temperature To from the 20-day moving average temperature calculating device 9a, and a command signal Vt to be applied to the air conditioner 10 based on a season command Ts from the season judging device 9b. The required air conditioner control device 9c is provided.
[0025]
The schedule control device 11 corrects the 20-day moving average temperature To one hour ago based on the outside air temperature signal T at every hour to obtain a new 20-day moving average temperature To, a 20-day moving average temperature calculating device 11a, A season judging device 11b for judging the season based on the 20-day moving average temperature To from the 20-day moving average temperature calculating device 11a, and a command signal Vm to be given to the device 12 based on a season command Ts from the season judging device 11b are obtained. A schedule control device 11c is provided.
[0026]
Next, the operation of the illustrated example will be described.
The outside air temperature signal T detected by the outside air temperature sensor 13 is applied from the intermediate network 3 to the heat source control device 7, the air conditioning control device 9, and the schedule control device 11 via the lower networks 4, 5, and 6.
[0027]
In the heat source control device 7, the 20-day moving average temperature To is obtained based on the outside air temperature signal T in the 20-day moving average temperature calculation device 7a. That is, of the 480 (24 data / day × 20 days) outside air temperature signals T of the 20-day moving average temperature To obtained one hour ago, which was obtained before the current 20-day moving average temperature To was obtained. The first detected outside air temperature signal T is removed, and the newly detected outside air temperature signal T is added and divided by 480 to obtain a new 20-day moving average temperature To of the current hour. The obtained 20-day moving average temperature To is given to the season judging device 7b.
[0028]
The season determination device 7b includes an outside air temperature T1 when switching from heating to cooling / heating stop, an outside air temperature T2 when switching from cooling / heating stop to cooling, an outside air temperature T3 when switching from cooling to cooling / heating stop, and cooling. -The outside air temperature T4 at the time of switching from heating stop to heating is set. Thus, the outside air temperatures T1, T2, T3, T4 can be compared with the 20-day moving average temperature To which is given every hour.
[0029]
That is, the season determining device 7b calculates To-T1, To-T2, To-T3, and To-T4 at every hour, and for example, until now, it is determined that To-T1 <0 and it is winter, and heating is performed. However, if To-T1> 0 and To-T2 <0 this time, it is determined that the season has shifted from winter to spring, and the seasonal command Ts is transmitted from the seasonal determination device 7b to the heat source device control. It is provided to the device 7c. Thus, the command signal Vh for switching from heating to cooling / heating stop is output from the heat source device control device 7c and given to the heat source device 8, and in the heat source device 8, the valve of the cold water circulation system is closed. The valve of the hot water circulation system is closed.
[0030]
Up to now, cooling and heating were stopped because To-T1> 0 and To-T2 <0 were determined to be spring, but when To-T2> 0, the season shifts from spring to summer. Then, the season command Ts is given from the season judging device 7b to the heat source device control device 7c. Thus, from the heat source device control device 7c, a command signal Vh for switching from cooling / heating stop to cooling is output and given to the heat source device 8. In the heat source device 8, the valve of the hot water circulation system is kept closed. The valve of the chilled water circulation system is opened.
[0031]
Until now, cooling was performed with To-T2> 0 determined to be summer, but if To-T3 <0 and To-T4> 0 this time, the season has shifted from summer to autumn. The season command Ts is given from the season judging device 7b to the heat source device control device 7c. Thus, the command signal Vh for switching from cooling to cooling / heating stop is output from the heat source device control device 7c and given to the heat source device 8, and in the heat source device 8, the valve of the hot water circulation system is closed. The valve of the cold water circulation system is closed.
[0032]
Up to now, cooling and heating were stopped because To-T3 <0 and To-T4> 0 were determined to be in autumn, but when To-T4 <0, the season shifts from autumn to winter. Then, the season command Ts is given from the season judging device 7b to the heat source device control device 7c. Thus, the command signal Vh for switching from the cooling / heating stop to the heating is output from the heat source device control device 7c and given to the heat source device 8, and in the heat source device 8, the valve of the chilled water circulation system is kept closed. The valve of the hot water circulation system is opened.
[0033]
In the air-conditioning control device 9, the 20-day moving average temperature calculation device 9a calculates and calculates the 20-day moving average temperature To based on the outside air temperature signal T in the same manner as that obtained by the 20-day moving average temperature calculation device 7a. The 20-day moving average temperature To is given to the season judging device 9b.
[0034]
The season judging device 9b includes an outside air temperature T1 when switching from heating to cooling / heating stop, an outside air temperature T2 when switching from cooling / heating stop to cooling, an outside air temperature T3 when switching from cooling to cooling / heating stop, cooling. -The outside air temperature T4 at the time of switching from heating stop to heating is set. Thus, the outside air temperatures T1, T2, T3, T4 can be compared with the 20-day moving average temperature To which is given every hour.
[0035]
Thus, in the seasonal judgment device 9b, if the calculation result at every hour has been To-T1 <0 until now, but now To-T1> 0 and To-T2 <0, It is determined that the season has shifted from winter to spring, and if To-T1> 0 and To-T2 <0 so far, but now To-T2> 0, the season is spring to summer If To-T2 <0 and To-T3 <0 and To-T4> 0 this time, it is determined that the season has shifted from summer to autumn. In the case where To-T3 <0 and To-T4> 0 so far, when To-T4 <0, it is determined that the season has shifted from autumn to winter, and the respective determinations have been made. The seasonal command Ts is provided to the air conditioner controller 9c.
[0036]
In the air conditioner control device 9c, an indoor set temperature command of the air conditioner 10 is determined in accordance with the seasonal command Ts, and given to the air conditioner 10 as a command signal Vt. The opening degree of a damper provided in a duct or an outlet of hot air or cold air is adjusted.
[0037]
In the schedule control device 11, the 20-day moving average temperature calculation device 11a obtains the 20-day moving average temperature To based on the outside air temperature signal T in the same manner as that obtained by the 20-day moving average temperature calculation devices 7a and 9a. The obtained 20-day moving average temperature To is given to the season judging device 11b.
[0038]
The season determining device 11b includes an outside air temperature T1 when switching from heating to cooling / heating stop, an outside air temperature T2 when switching from cooling / heating stop to cooling, an outside air temperature T3 when switching from cooling to cooling / heating stop, cooling. -The outside air temperature T4 at the time of switching from heating stop to heating is set. Thus, the outside air temperatures T1, T2, T3, T4 can be compared with the 20-day moving average temperature To which is given every hour.
[0039]
Thus, in the season determination device 11b, if the calculation result at every hour has been To-T1 <0 until now, but now To-T1> 0 and To-T2 <0, If it is determined that the season has shifted from winter to spring, and if To-T1> 0 and To-T2 <0 until now, To-T2> 0, the season changes from spring to summer. It is determined that the transition has been made, and if To-T3 <0 and To-T4> 0 this time, whereas To-T2> 0, it is determined that the season has shifted from summer to autumn. In the case where To-T3 <0 and To-T4> 0 until now, when To-T4 <0 this time, it is determined that the season has shifted from autumn to winter, and the respective determinations are made. The season command Ts is given to the schedule control device 11c.
[0040]
In the schedule control device 11c, based on the seasonal command Ts, an operation time command for a heater, an air conditioner, or the like for keeping each room at a predetermined temperature is obtained, given to the device 12 as a command signal Vm, and The operation time of the heater, the air conditioner, and the like is adjusted so that the temperature is maintained at the predetermined temperature.
[0041]
According to the illustrated example, since the switching between the air conditioning and the heating can be automatically performed based on the outside air temperatures T1, T2, T3, and T4 based on the 20-day moving average temperature To, the season before the switching is performed again after the switching. The frequency of occurrence of the state is extremely low, and even if the season returns to the season before the change over the 20-day moving average temperature To after the changeover, the air conditioner is automatically switched to the state of the season before the changeover Can be performed.
[0042]
As a result, even if the operator does not perform the switching operation, it is possible to automatically switch between the air conditioning and the heating in accordance with the reference outside air temperatures T1, T2, T3, and T4. I do not think.
[0043]
In the illustrated example of the present invention, a case in which the 20-day moving average temperature is used for switching between the cooling and the heating is described. It is possible to use temperature, and the outside air temperature is based on different temperatures at the transition from winter to spring, at the transition from spring to summer, at the transition from summer to autumn, and at the transition from autumn to winter. As described above, the same temperature is used for the transition from winter to spring and for the transition from autumn to winter, and the same temperature is used for the transition from spring to summer and the transition from summer to autumn. Of course, various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention as well as the reference.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the air conditioners according to the first to third aspects of the present invention, various excellent effects as described below can be obtained.
I) Since switching between cooling and heating can be automatically performed based on the outside air temperature based on the moving average temperature for a predetermined period, the frequency of the season before switching again after switching is extremely low. Even when the season later returns to the season before the switching due to the moving average temperature, it is possible to automatically switch the cooling and heating in accordance with the state of the season before the switching.
II) As a result, it is possible to automatically switch between the air conditioning and the heating in accordance with the reference outside air temperature without the operator performing the switching operation, thereby causing the building user to feel unwell or uncomfortable. Absent.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an example of an embodiment of an air conditioner of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of a heat source control device, an air conditioning control device, and a schedule control device shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a temperature curve of a 20-day moving average temperature over one year.
FIG. 4 is an overall block diagram showing an example of a conventional air conditioner.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the daily average of hourly temperatures over a year.
[Explanation of symbols]
7 Heat source control device (control device)
7a 20-day moving average temperature calculator (moving average temperature calculator)
7b Season determining device 7c Heat source device control device (command control device)
8 Heat source equipment (equipment)
9 air conditioning control device (control device)
9a 20-day moving average temperature calculator (moving average temperature calculator)
9b Season judging device 9c Air conditioning equipment control device (command control device)
10 Air conditioning equipment (equipment)
11 Schedule control device (control device)
11a 20-day moving average temperature calculator (moving average temperature calculator)
11b Season determining device 11c Schedule control device (command control device)
12 Equipment 13 Outside air temperature sensor T Outside air temperature signal (outside air temperature)
T1 Outside air temperature T2 Outside air temperature T3 Outside air temperature T4 Outside air temperature To 20-day moving average temperature Ts Seasonal command Vh Command signal Vm Command signal Vt Command signal

Claims

A control device for controlling at least one of the heat source device, the air conditioning device, and devices related thereto, wherein the control device calculates a moving average temperature for a predetermined period based on an outside air temperature detected by an outside air temperature sensor. A temperature calculating device, a season determining device for determining a season by determining a season from a difference between a moving average temperature from the moving average temperature calculating device and a reference outside air temperature, and a seasonal command from the season determining device. An air conditioner comprising a command control device for obtaining a predetermined command signal and supplying the command signal to a predetermined device.

The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the moving average temperature calculating device for calculating the moving average temperature is a 20-day moving average temperature calculating device for calculating the 20-day moving average temperature.

A heat source control device that controls a heat source device, an air conditioning control device that controls an air conditioning device, and a schedule control device that controls devices related to air conditioning, wherein the heat source control device, the air conditioning control device, and the schedule control device are respectively A 20-day moving average temperature calculating device for obtaining a 20-day moving average temperature based on the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor; and a 20-day moving average temperature from the 20-day moving average temperature calculating device and a reference outdoor air temperature. A season determining device for determining a seasonal command by determining a season from a difference, a heat source device, an air conditioning device, a heat source device control device for giving a predetermined command signal based on a seasonal command from the season determining device to another device, An air conditioner comprising an air conditioner control device and a schedule control device.